Unit 3 Diverse Cultures Discovering Useful Structures 课件-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版（2019）必修第三册

B3U3 Diverse Cultures Discovering Useful Structures 1.learn the definition, structure, functions and features of ellipsis / 'l ps s/省略. 2.find out and summarize some common ellipsis forms. 3.master the functions of the ellipsis in the context and use it in real situations. 1.学习省略句的定义、结构、功能和特点 2.找出并总结一些常见的省略句形式。 3.掌握省略句在语境中的作用,并在实际生活中运用。 省略 目录 五大基本句型 主谓. 定从 三大从句 主谓宾. 主谓宾+宾补. 主谓间宾+直宾. 主系表. 五大基本句型 简单句 名从(主/宾/表/同) 状从 先由常规的句型回忆,引申到下面的特殊句型 4 Read the following sentences and think it: if we leave out省去 the word(s) in the brackets, can the meanings of the sentences be understood? ①And what a city (it is) — a city that was able to rebuild itself after the earthquake that occurred in 1906. ②My hotel is near downtown, in the Mission District, (which is) one of the oldest parts of the city. ③This district used to be a poor area of town, but (this district) is now a centre for art, music, and food. ④(It is) A real mix of cultures here! ⑤What great food (it is)! ⑥(I) Can't wait! 我的发现 (1)句④⑥为_句中的省略。 (2)句①⑤为_句中的省略。 (3)句③为_句中的省略。 (4)句②为_句中的省略。 简单 感叹 并列 复合 Ellipsis 省略 目录 为了避免重复,或为了使句子更简练,在一些句子中常常省去一个或某几个成分,这种语法现象在英语中叫作省略。 Ellipsis 省略 目录 简单句中的省略 01 并列句的省略 02 主从复合句的省略 03 其他特殊省略 04 Ellipsis省略 01 宾语从句的省略 02 状语从句的省略 03 定语从句的省略 Ellipsis省略:01 主从复合句 比较状语从句 时/地/条/让步状语从句 关系词在定从中作宾语 一个that可以省略, 多个that只能省第一个 when/where/why/how 复合句之状语从句的省略 省略的要素/条件: ①要有状语从句的引导词 如:when/while/although/though/as/if /unless... ②从句主语=主句主语 或 从句的主语是 it ③从句是“主语+be 动词” 一、时间、地点、条件、方式、让步状语从句: While (I was) walking along the street,I heard my name called. 当在街上散步时,我听到有人叫我的名字。 Will you be free this Sunday?If (it is) so,let’s go camping. 这个周日你有空吗?如果有,我们去野营吧。 When (it is) heated,ice can be turned into water. 冰被加热的时候可以变成水。 If _(give) more time, he could break the record. While _(look) at my classmates’ faces, I read the same excitement in their eyes. The boy is running impatiently here and there as if _(search) for something lost on the sports ground. Even if _(invite), I won't go to such a bad lecture. given looking searching invited =If (he was) given more time =While (I was) looking at my classmates’ faces =as if (he is) searching for something lost on the sports ground =Even if (I am) invited 状语从句省略了主语+be动词之后 引导词+非谓语 从属连词+现在分词——动作:主动,进行 从属连词+过去分词——动作:被动,完成 从属连词+不定式——动作:主动,未完成 【当堂训练】 1. When _ (complete), the museum will be open to the public next year. 2. While _ (wait) for him, I found my wallet was missing. 3. When first _(introduce) to the market, these products enjoyed great success. 4. It shames me to say it, but I told a lie when _(question) at the meeting by my boss. 5. Generally speaking, if _(take) according to the directions, the drug has no side effect. 6. Though _ (lack) money, his parents managed to send him to university. 7. He opened his mouth as if _ (speak). completed waiting introduced questioned taken lacking to speak 1. 复合句之状语从句的省略 二、比较状语从句: 主句 + 比较连词(as...as/than) + 从句 比较状语从句通常会省略与主句重复的部分,只保留差异部分。 形容词 / 副词重复:可以省略 be 动词 / 助动词(is, was, does):最好保留,句子更完整 1.他和他哥哥一样高。 He is as tall as his brother (is tall). 2.这部电影和那部一样有趣。 This film is as interesting as that one (is interesting). 3.她跑得和她姐姐一样快。 She runs as fast as her sister (runs fast/does). 4.我和昨天一样忙。 I am as busy as I was (busy) yesterday . 1. 复合句之状语从句的省略 二、比较状语从句: 主句 + 比较连词(as...as/than) + 从句 比较状语从句通常会省略与主句重复的部分,只保留差异部分。 1.他比我高。 He is taller than me(= I am tall). 2.这辆车比那辆跑得快。 This car runs faster than that one (runs fast/does). 3.她比她弟弟更细心。 She is more careful than her brother (is careful). 4.今天比昨天热。 It is hotter today than it was (hot) yesterday. 5.他学习比我努力。 He studies harder than I do(= study hard). 形容词 / 副词重复:可以省略 be 动词 / 助动词(is, was, does):最好保留,句子更完整 实义动词通常用do/does/did代替 1. 复合句之状语从句的省略 二、比较状语从句的省略 两个特殊固定句型 1. more … than necessary 比必要的…… 更多 2. more … than expected 比预料的…… 更…… 不要花不必要的钱。 Don’t spend more money than necessary. 他到得比预料的早。 He arrived earlier than expected. 1. 复合句之状语从句的省略 总结: 1.时间、地点、条件、方式、让步状语从句:省略“主+be”或者“it+be” 2.比较状语从句:as...as+从句/ 比较级+than+从句: 形容词 / 副词可以省略;be 动词 / 助动词(do/did/does)最好保留 两个特殊固定句型 比较级+than necessary 比必要的更…… 比较级+than expected 比预料的更…… 【当堂训练】 一、时间 / 地点 / 条件 / 方式 / 让步状语从句(省略:主语 + be 或 it+be) 可能的话,我会早点到。 必要时你可以打电话给我。 他说话时很有礼貌polite。 即使被邀请,我也不去。 当被问到这个问题时,他脸红blush了。 【答案】 I will arrive early if possible. You can call me if necessary. He is polite when speaking. I won’t go even if invited. He blushed when asked the question. 【当堂训练】 二、比较状语从句(省略形容词 / 副词) 他和我一样高。 她跑得比我快。 今天比昨天冷。 这本书不如那本书有趣。 他英语说得和他哥哥一样好。 【答案】 He is as tall as I (am). She runs faster than I (do). It is colder today than (it was) yesterday. This book is not as interesting as that one(is). He speaks English as well as his brother (does). 【当堂训练】 三、固定句型:than necessary /than expected 他来得比预料的早。 不要带比必要更多的衣服。 这个任务比我们预想的更难。 他花的钱比必要的多。 【答案】 He arrived earlier than expected. Don’t take more clothes than necessary. The task was harder than expected. He spent more money than necessary. 2. 复合句之定语从句的省略 1.省略的要素/条件: 关系代词(that/which/who/whom)在从句中作宾语,且前面无介词 判断能否省略(能写√,不能写 ) The dress which is on the bed is mine. ( ) The photo that you took is beautiful. ( ) The man who is standing there is my uncle. ( ) The story which we read is interesting. ( ) This is the city which I visited last year. ( ) √ √ √ 2. 复合句之定语从句的省略 2. 特殊用法: 当 way 表示 “方式、方法”,且定语从句里缺少方式状语时, 引导词可以用:that/in which/省略不写 1.I don’t like the way _ you speak to your mother. A. which B. in which C. what D. when 2.The way _ he thought of was quite useful. A. how B. in which C. that D. why 3.The way _ he solved the problem surprised us. A. where B. that C. which D. what 4.The way _ you told me yesterday is easy to follow. A. in which B. that C. why D. how 5.I was angry at the way _ she treated the little dog. A. which B. in which C. who D. whose √ √ √ √ √ 【当堂训练】 The movie they _ (watch) last night was exciting. The letter she _ (write) to me arrived today. The car my father _ (buy) last year works well. The story he _ (tell) us made us laugh. The cake my mother _ (make) tastes delicious. The way _ he suggested was perfect. I don’t like the way _ you speak to your parents. The way _ he learns English is very useful. This is the way _ we used to solve the problem. The way _ you are doing it is wrong. watched wrote bought told made (that/which) (that/in which) (that/in which) (that/which) (that/in which) 2. 复合句之定语从句的省略 总结: 1.关系代词(that/which/who/whom)在从句中作宾语, 且前面无介词,关系词可省略 2.当 way 表示 “方式、方法”,且定语从句里缺少方式状语时, 引导词可以用:that/in which/省略不写 3. 复合句之宾语从句的省略 省略的要素/条件: 1.及物动词后接宾语从句时,连接词that一般可以省略; 2.及物动词接两个或两个以上that引导的宾语从句时,那么只有第一个that可以省略。 3.when, where, how和why:主句和从句的主语谓语一模一样 4.虚拟语气:在一坚持(insist),二命令(order、command), 三建议(suggest、recommend、advise), 四要求(demand、require,request、ask) 等后的宾语从句中,常省略 should。 一、判断句子正误(对写 T,错写 F) I think (that) he is right. I think he is right and that he works hard. I think that he is right and he works hard. He said he would come and that he would bring a gift. He said he would come and he would bring a gift. 二、选择填空 —When will they arrive?—I don’t know _. A. when B. where C. why —How can I get to the station?—Could you tell me _? A. how B. when C. where T T F T F A A Ellipsis省略:02 特殊省略之不定式 1. 感官/使役动词+宾语+(to) do 被动语态:to不省略。 2.多个to do: 表并列to do A and (to) do B:后面的to可以省略 表对比to do A but to do B:后面的to不省略 3.介词(but/except)前:有 do 无 to,无 do 带 to 4.固定搭配: “别无选择只能做某事”: have nothing to do but do/have no choice but to do “只好,不得不;禁不住做”: cannot but do;cannot choose but do;cannot help but do 复合谓语:be going to, be able to, have to, ought to, used to 【当堂训练】 一、感官 / 使役动词・主动 vs 被动 I saw him _ (enter) the room. He was seen _ (enter) the room. They made us _ (wait) for an hour. We were made _ (wait) for an hour. 二、并列 vs 对比 to do 的省略 I want _ (go) and _ (visit) my grandma. It is better _ (stay) than _ (leave). He planned _ (write) and _ (send) a letter. I decided _ (study) hard but not _ (give) up. enter to enter wait to wait to go visit to stay to leave to write send to study to give 【当堂训练】 三、(but /except)前有 do做 无 to,前无 do 带 to I could do nothing but _ (wait). He had no choice but _ (obey). There was nothing to do but _ (sleep). I don’t want anything except _ (rest). 四、固定句型:只能 / 不得不 / 禁不住 I cannot but _ (admit) you are right. She cannot help but _ (laugh) at the joke. They cannot choose but _ (surrender屈服,投降). He has nothing to do but _ (watch) TV. We have no choice but _ (wait) a little longer. wait to obey sleep to rest admit laugh surrender watch to wait 特殊省略之介词 结构 中文意思 spend / waste … (in) doing 花费 / 浪费时间做某事 be busy (in) doing 忙于做某事 prevent / stop … (from) doing 阻止某人做某事 have trouble (in) doing 做某事有困难 have a hard time (in) doing 做某事很艰难 have a pleasant time (in) doing 做某事很愉快 have fun (in) doing 做某事很开心 There is no point / sense (in) doing 做某事没有意义 / 没必要 只要是 last/next /this /that/every/each/one 开头的时间,一律不加介词! today / tonight / tomorrow / yesterday 特殊省略之介词 练习题:判断正误(对 T,错 F) I will go there on next Monday. ( ) She arrived here last night. ( ) We will have a test in this Friday. ( ) He gets up early every morning. ( ) They played football yesterday afternoon. ( ) F T F T T 特殊省略之固定表达 if possible if (it is) possible 如果可能的话 if necessary if (it is) necessary 如果有必要的话 if so if (this is) so / if (it is) true 如果是这样的话 if not if (this is) not (so) 如果不这样 / 不然的话 if any if there is/are (any)… 如果有的话 if ever if there has/have ever been… 如果曾经有过的话 if anything if (there is) anything (to say) 要说真有什么的话;反倒… what if what (shall we do) if…? 如果…… 怎么办? How come How does it come that…? 怎么会?为什么? What about What do you think about…? … 怎么样?(提建议) How about How do you like…? … 怎么样?(提建议) 状语从句中主语和主句主语一致,而且主语后是be动词,从句主语和be动词可以省略。 在限制性定语从句中,作宾语的关系代词that, which, whom, who等常可以省略。 宾语从句中: 1.只有第一个that可省略; 2.主从句的谓语相同时,可以省略从句中的主+谓语。 简单句或并列句中: 1.对话双方都知道的指代内容可以省略; 2.为了避免重复,下文会省略与上文一样的部分; 3.so,not等来代替上文或问句中的一部分或整个句子 目录 【当堂训练】 (1)No child shall be, unless _ (accompany) by an adult, allowed out of the school during the day. (2)Anyone, once _(test) positive for novel corona-virus, will receive free medical treatment from our government. (3)Having been ill in bed for nearly a month, he had a hard time_(pass) the exam. (4)According to a recent survey, children spent up to 25 hours a week _(watch) TV. (5)You can’t imagine what a hard time she had _(raise) the four children. accompanied tested passing watching raising 目录 【当堂训练】 (6)In fact, they are planning to visit China in next year. (7)The librarian will let you to know when the book has been returned. (8)I lost my keys in the office so I could do nothing but to wait for my mother. (9)They had no choice but sleep in the open air. (10)The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him not to do. to 目录 Rewrite the sentences by taking out the unnecessary parts. 1. You mean you are planning a trip across the Atlantic for a holiday? It sounds like a good idea. 2. He tried to solve his financial problems, but he couldn’t solve the problems. You mean you are planning a trip across the Atlantic for a holiday? Good idea. He tried to solve his financial problems, but couldn’t. adj. 大西洋的 adj. 财务的;金融的 课本P30 目录 3. If it is necessary, I’ll finish my report on American poetry as soon as it is possible. 4. Are you going to dress like that? Wearing a dress might be better than wearing jeans and boots. Are you going to dress like that? A dress might be better than jeans and boots. If necessary, I’ll finish my report on American poetry as soon as possible. n. 诗歌;诗作 n. 牛仔裤 n. 靴子 目录 5. Some wild mushrooms are poisonous and some are not poisonous. 6. I really like that paper folding book, and my son likes that paper folding book, too. I really like that paper folding book, and my son, too. Some wild mushrooms are poisonous and some are not. n. 蘑菇 adj. 有毒的 v. 包;裹;折叠 目录 What are some Justin: Linlin, I’m going to Guizhou Province next month. I’m super excited! Any recommendations for places to visit? Linlin: Wow, cool! Guizhou is a province with a lot of cultural diversity. Places to visit... well, definitely the Huangguoshu Waterfall first. Read the conversation. Find out which words have been left out. Do you have in Guizhou Province that’s in Guizhou is the place to visit in Guizhou Province 目录 Huangguoshu Justin: What’s special about the waterfall? Linlin: Well, have you ever heard of the Chinese novel Journey to the West? Justin: Yes, I have. Why? Linlin: In the back of the waterfall, you will find a cave, which is the home of the Monkey King. heard of the Chinese novel Journey to the West do you ask me if I have heard of the Chinese novel Journey to the West from Journey to the West 目录 Justin: Really? Cool! I’ll definitely check it out. Linlin: And I strongly recommend the ethnic minority villages. You’ll find Chinese culture is much more diverse than you thought. Justin: Sounds great, thanks! That’s true It’s on your trip to Guizhou Province it was This all 目录 演示完毕 感谢观看 THANK YOU $