Unit 4 课时3 Grammar：宾语从句（Ⅰ）（分层作业）英语新教材沪教版五四制八年级下册

Unit4 Fashion 课时3 Grammar：宾语从句（Ⅰ）分层作业 核心知识速记 03拓展培优 01基础达标 04思维进阶 02能力提升 ( 类别 说明（Explanation） 示例（Example） that 引导的宾语从句（基本用法） 1. 作动词宾语（如 know, think, hope 等）； 2. 作表确定性 / 情感的形容词宾语（如 certain, sure, glad 等）； 3. that 可省略 动词后：Some people think (that) clothes can show our taste. 形容词后：I am sure (that) she doesn’t like this dress. 时态一致（主句为现在时） 1. 表事实 / 普遍真理用现在时； 2. 表过去事件用过去时； 3. 表将来事件用将来时 事实：Many students believe (that) nothing is impossible. 过去事件：I know (that) she was researching all day yesterday. 将来事件：I am sure (that) you are going to get up late tomorrow morning. 时态一致（主句为过去时） 1. 表与主句同时发生的事件用过去时；2. 表普遍真理用现在时 同时发生：The teacher noticed (that) many students were listening to the same song.普 遍真理：Who discovered (that) the Earth is round? ) 1．When my friend saw my new Labubu, she was so curious that I decided to tell her ________. A．where did I buy it B．where I bought it C．where I buy it D．where do I buy it 2．—What did Peter say to you just now, Kate? —He asked me ________. A．if I have read the book Little Women B．whether will I believe in him C．if I had joined the music club D．whether I will believe in him 3．Our geography teacher reminded us that the Pacific Ocean ________ the largest ocean on Earth. A．is B．was C．will be D．has been 4．“I will submit the research paper on natural wonders next week,” she said.→She said that she ________ the research paper on natural wonders the next week. A．submits B．submitted C．will submit D．would submit 5．—I want to know if Tom ______ us in the fashion show tonight. —I believe if he ______ his homework, he will join us. A．joins; finishes B．will join; finishes C．joins; will finish D．will join; will finish 6．—Could you tell me ________ in middle school? —Sure. First of all, I’ve become much more outgoing than before. A．how have you changed B．how you changed C．how you have changed D．how did you change 7．I wonder when the art exhibition ________. A．will open B．opened C．has opened D．had opened 8．Yesterday afternoon my sister asked me ________ to go to the movies with her. A．if do I want B．if I want C．if did I want D．if I wanted 9．My teacher told me that I ________ better grades if I worked harder. A．will get B．would get C．get D．got 10．Our teacher explained to us why the earth ________ around the sun. A．goes B．go C．went D．will go 11．I don’t know if he ________ to the art show tomorrow. A．will go B．goes C．went D．has gone 12．It was said that the research team had found that plants could help with skin care, and ________ soon be in the market. A．its newest product will B．that its newest product would C．its newest product would D．that its newest product will 13．I don’t doubt ________ he can do the job well, but I doubt ________ he can finish it on time. A．if; that B．that; whether C．that; that D．whether; if 14．—The match is so exciting. The opposite team is really strong. But I believe our players. —You’re right. But are you sure __________ our team will win? A．if B．that C．whether D．why 15．—What do you know about IoT? —I know ________ it stands for Internet of Things. A．if B．that C．how D．whether 16．The success of the Changchun Air Show makes us believe ______. A．that our country will be stronger B．that will our country be strong C．if our country is strong enough D．why our country is so strong 17．—Do you know a famous saying “A book holds a house of gold”? —Yes, it tells us ________. A．why books are very expensive B．how we can get a lot of money C．that reading can open our minds D．why it is important to buy books 18．—She said, “I have been to Beijing twice.” —She said ________ she had been to Beijing twice. A．that B．if C．whether D．where 19．May I suggest ________ you think carefully before rushing into this? A．that B．what C．which D．how 20．The saying “Cooking is love made visible” tells us ________. A．what food we can cook for family B．where we make delicious food C．when we should express our love D．that cooking is a way to show love 21．Lingling told me ________ she learned to make spring rolls from her mother last weekend. A．that B．what C．how D．where 22．Our physics teacher told us that light ________ faster than sound. A．travels B．travelled C．has travelled D．is travelling 23．He said ________ he was excited about the Chinese culture festival. A．if B．that C．what D．how 24．I know ________ they will hold celebrations in Chinatown next week. A．if B．that C．why D．whether 25．I heard ________ the popular brand will open a new store near our community next month. A．where B．that C．why D．if 26．She is aware ________ the exam is very important. A．that B．which C．what D．how 27．The result of the research shows many people are aware of the importance of health and ______ they try to keep fit. A．/ B．that C．if D．whether 28．—The dragon boat races are so exciting, but our boat is still behind. —Don’t worry. I’m sure ________. A．how are the races going B．who is the winner C．when the races will end D．that our team will win 29．—Our teacher mentioned the old saying “A journey of a thousand miles begins with a small step” yesterday. It tells us _________. —Yeah, I can’t agree more. A．if we can get to a far place in one day B．that great things start with small actions C．how many steps a long trip needs D．what can we do first in a trip 30．“I have made great progress in self-management,” Tom said. Tom said that he ________ great progress in self-management. A．has made B．had made C．makes D．made 31．The teacher told us that natural disasters ________ often caused by human activities such as deforestation. A．are B．were C．will be D．would be 32．—What did Wei Fang say about her plan for the weekend? —She said that she ________ to visit the history museum next weekend. A．goes B．went C．is going D．was going 33．When I was reading a book in the library, a woman came to me. She asked me ______. A．where I find the book B．where I found the book C．where did I find the book D．where had I found the book 34．Lisa told me that ______ go out with me because she was busy. A．I can’t B．I couldn’t C．she can’t D．she couldn’t 35．At the workshop in the museum, the guide asked the students __________. A．that you liked this ancient tool B．when was this ancient tool made C．how this ancient tool was used D．what is this ancient tool used for 36．—The teacher told us that the earth ________ around the sun. —Yes, that’s the truth. A．goes B．went C．go D．going 37．—I never doubt ________ she can do it well. —Neither do I. I just doubt ________ she is willing to do this. A．whether: that B．that: if C．if: whether D．that: that 38．—Do you believe ________ man can live on Mars in the future? —It’s hard to say. Scientists are still not sure ________ we can grow plants on Mars. A．if; that B．whether; if C．that; that D．that; whether 39．I found ________ difficult to get used to life in foreign countries. A．it is B．it was C．that D．that was 40．My classmates never doubt ________ wearing comfortable clothes helps them focus on studying. A．whether B．what C．how D．that Fashion 1 be expensive, but it doesn’t have to be. In recent years, with growing environmental awareness, many people 2 second-hand clothes as a way to be stylish while being eco-friendly. This popular trend 3 “thrifting” and it helps reduce waste significantly. Some well-known clothing brands now actively use recycled materials 4 their new collections to minimize their environmental impact. These sustainable clothes are often 5 than regular ones, making them accessible to more people. However, sustainable fashion as a whole 6 still developing and faces many challenges. When you go shopping next time, instead of heading straight to the mall, why 7 try the second-hand store first? You might find some unique treasures there. Remember, looking good doesn’t mean 8 a lot of money on the latest trends. With some creativity and simple DIY skills, old clothes can look new and fashionable again. We should all think about 9 our clothes longer by repairing and restyling them. If everyone makes these small changes in their daily choices, the fashion industry 10 more sustainable and environmentally friendly in the future. 1．A．can B．should C．must 2．A．choose B．chose C．have chosen 3．A．is called B．called C．calls 4．A．make B．to make C．making 5．A．cheap B．cheaper C．cheapest 6．A．is B．are C．be 7．A．don’t B．not to C．not 8．A．spend B．to spend C．spending 9．A．use B．using C．used 10．A．becomes B．become C．will become Complete the passage with the given words in their proper forms. (用所给单词的适当形式完成短文，使其内容通顺。) Weekend Style vs. School Days For most students in Shanghai, Monday to Friday means wearing a school uniform. It is simple and practical, but some students feel it is boring. They believe that clothes should show their personality. Therefore, the weekend becomes a time for 1 (fashionable) shows on the streets. On Saturdays, the parks are full of young people. You can see many teenagers wearing 2 (flower) dresses or cool T-shirts. Boys often prefer 3 (bag) jeans that allow them to move easily. Since they are young and 4 (energy), they like clothes that are comfortable for sports and running. A good pair of 5 (train) is a must-have item for them. Girls might spend more time on their 6 (outfit). Some like to add small 7 (decorate) such as ribbons or pins, to their bags. They want to be different from others. However, comfort is still important. When they go to the library or a café, they prefer a 8 (relax) style. Of course, looking good does not mean spending a lot of money. Most students cannot afford expensive luxury brands. They are good at finding nice clothes at 9 (reason) prices. 10 (interest), some students even modify old clothes to make them look new and unique. ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit4 Fashion 课时3 Grammar：宾语从句（Ⅰ）分层作业 核心知识速记 03拓展培优 01基础达标 04思维进阶 02能力提升 ( 类别 说明（Explanation） 示例（Example） that 引导的宾语从句（基本用法） 1. 作动词宾语（如 know, think, hope 等）； 2. 作表确定性 / 情感的形容词宾语（如 certain, sure, glad 等）； 3. that 可省略 动词后：Some people think (that) clothes can show our taste. 形容词后：I am sure (that) she doesn’t like this dress. 时态一致（主句为现在时） 1. 表事实 / 普遍真理用现在时； 2. 表过去事件用过去时； 3. 表将来事件用将来时 事实：Many students believe (that) nothing is impossible. 过去事件：I know (that) she was researching all day yesterday. 将来事件：I am sure (that) you are going to get up late tomorrow morning. 时态一致（主句为过去时） 1. 表与主句同时发生的事件用过去时；2. 表普遍真理用现在时 同时发生：The teacher noticed (that) many students were listening to the same song.普 遍真理：Who discovered (that) the Earth is round? ) 1．When my friend saw my new Labubu, she was so curious that I decided to tell her ________. A．where did I buy it B．where I bought it C．where I buy it D．where do I buy it 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当我的朋友看到我的新Labubu时，她非常好奇，以至于我决定告诉她我在哪里买的。 考查宾语从句的语序和时态。宾语从句需用陈述句语序（主语+谓语），且主句为过去时（decided），从句时态应一致。故选B。 2．—What did Peter say to you just now, Kate? —He asked me ________. A．if I have read the book Little Women B．whether will I believe in him C．if I had joined the music club D．whether I will believe in him 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——彼得刚才对你说什么了，凯特？——他问我是否加入了音乐俱乐部。 考查宾语从句的语序和时态。根据“He asked me...”可知，本句为宾语从句，宾语从句需用陈述语序，排除B；主句“He asked”为一般过去时，从句时态也应用过去的某个时态，排除A和D (现在完成时和一般将来时)。故选C。 3．Our geography teacher reminded us that the Pacific Ocean ________ the largest ocean on Earth. A．is B．was C．will be D．has been 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们的地理老师提醒我们，太平洋是地球上最大的海洋。 考查时态辨析。is是，一般现在时；was是，一般过去时；will be将是，一般将来时；has been已经是，现在完成时。根据“the Pacific Ocean…the largest ocean on Earth”可知，此句表达的是客观事实，需用一般现在时。故选A。 4．“I will submit the research paper on natural wonders next week,” she said.→She said that she ________ the research paper on natural wonders the next week. A．submits B．submitted C．will submit D．would submit 【答案】D 【详解】句意：“我将在下周提交关于自然奇观的研究论文，”她说。→她说她将在下周提交关于自然奇观的研究论文。 考查间接引语的时态。直接引语中的“will submit”是一般将来时，变为间接引语，主句为一般过去时 (she said) ，一般将来时需改为过去将来时。故选D。 5．—I want to know if Tom ______ us in the fashion show tonight. —I believe if he ______ his homework, he will join us. A．joins; finishes B．will join; finishes C．joins; will finish D．will join; will finish 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我想知道汤姆今晚是否会加入我们的时装秀。——我相信如果他完成作业，他会加入我们。 考查时态。第一空考查宾语从句的时态。根据“tonight”可知，此处需用一般将来时（will join）；第二空考查if引导的条件状语从句的时态。在条件状语从句中，遵循“主将从现”原则，即从句用一般现在时（finishes），主句用一般将来时。故选B。 6．—Could you tell me ________ in middle school? —Sure. First of all, I’ve become much more outgoing than before. A．how have you changed B．how you changed C．how you have changed D．how did you change 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我你在中学期间有了怎样的变化吗？——当然。首先，我变得比以前外向多了。 考查宾语从句的语序和时态。how have you changed你有了怎样的变化，疑问语序；how you changed你那时是如何变化的，陈述语序，一般过去时；how you have changed你有了怎样的变化，陈述语序，现在完成时；how did you change你那时是如何变化的，疑问语序。根据答语“First of all, I've become much more outgoing than before.”可知，答语使用现在完成时，且宾语从句需用陈述语序，因此从句应为“how you have changed”。故选C。 7．I wonder when the art exhibition ________. A．will open B．opened C．has opened D．had opened 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我想知道艺术展览什么时候开放。 考查宾语从句的时态。主句“I wonder”为一般现在时，宾语从句的时态可根据从句自身的时间语境来确定，不受主句限制；从句询问“艺术展览开放”的时间，明确指向将来的动作，因此从句需用一般将来时表示将来动作。故选A。 8．Yesterday afternoon my sister asked me ________ to go to the movies with her. A．if do I want B．if I want C．if did I want D．if I wanted 【答案】D 【详解】句意：昨天下午我姐姐问我是否想和她一起去看电影。 考查宾语从句的语序和时态。if do I want我是否想，疑问语序，一般现在时；if I want我是否想，陈述语序，一般现在时；if did I want我是否想，疑问语序，一般过去时；if I wanted我是否想，陈述语序，一般过去时。根据“asked”可知，主句是一般过去时，宾语从句应使用相应的过去时态，且需用陈述语序。故选D。 9．My teacher told me that I ________ better grades if I worked harder. A．will get B．would get C．get D．got 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我的老师告诉我，如果我更努力学习，我会取得更好的成绩。 根据“My teacher told me that...”可知，主句是一般过去时，从句遵循“主过从必过”原则，本句为与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句，if从句用一般过去时（worked），主句用would+动词原形表示结果。应填would get。 10．Our teacher explained to us why the earth ________ around the sun. A．goes B．go C．went D．will go 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们的老师向我们解释了为什么地球绕着太阳转。 考查时态。地球绕太阳转是客观真理，需用一般现在时，且主语the earth为第三人称单数，谓语动词应用goes。故选A。 11．I don’t know if he ________ to the art show tomorrow. A．will go B．goes C．went D．has gone 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我不知道他明天是否会去看艺术展。 考查时态。will go一般将来时；goes一般现在时；went一般过去时；has gone现在完成时。“if he … to the art show tomorrow”是“know”的宾语从句，且该从句中包含“tomorrow”这一表示将来的时间状语，所以从句要用一般将来时。故选A。 12．It was said that the research team had found that plants could help with skin care, and ________ soon be in the market. A．its newest product will B．that its newest product would C．its newest product would D．that its newest product will 【答案】B 【详解】句意：据称，该研究团队发现植物有助于护肤，并且其最新产品也将很快投入市场。 考查宾语从句和动词的时态。根据“the research team had found that plants could help with skin care, and…soon be in the market.”可知此处是宾语从句，需与第一个从句结构平行，也需用that引导，故排除A、C；又根据“had found”可知，句子时态遵循“主过从必过”的原则，故此时空格处句子时态应用过去将来时，故选B。 13．I don’t doubt ________ he can do the job well, but I doubt ________ he can finish it on time. A．if; that B．that; whether C．that; that D．whether; if 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我不怀疑他能做好这项工作，但我怀疑他是否能按时完成。 考查宾语从句、。if如果，是否；that引导宾语从句，无实义；whether是否。第一空，根据“I don’t doubt”可知，此处是“我不怀疑他能做好这项工作”，表示肯定的意义，应该用that引导宾语从句；第二空，根据“but I doubt”可知，此处是“我怀疑他是否能按时完成”，表示疑问，应该用whether引导宾语从句。故选B。 14．—The match is so exciting. The opposite team is really strong. But I believe our players. —You’re right. But are you sure __________ our team will win? A．if B．that C．whether D．why 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——这场比赛太激动人心了。对方球队真的很强大。但我相信我们的球员。——你说得对。但你确定我们队会赢吗？ 考查连词辨析。if如果；that无实意；whether是否；why为什么。根据“But are you sure ... our team will win?”可知，空后的句子意思完整，所以用that引导宾语从句。故选B。 15．—What do you know about IoT? —I know ________ it stands for Internet of Things. A．if B．that C．how D．whether 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你对IoT了解多少？——我知道它代表物联网。 考查宾语从句连接词辨析。if是否；that无实义，仅起连接作用；how如何；whether是否。根据答句“I know...it stands for Internet of Things.”可知，从句“it stands for Internet of Things”是一个完整的陈述句，不缺成分，需用that引导宾语从句，起连接作用，无实际含义。故选B。 16．The success of the Changchun Air Show makes us believe ______. A．that our country will be stronger B．that will our country be strong C．if our country is strong enough D．why our country is so strong 【答案】A 【详解】句意：长春航展的成功使我们相信我们的国家会更强大。 考查宾语从句的用法。believe后接宾语从句时，需用引导词that引出陈述性内容，且从句必须用陈述语序。选项A中that引导从句，语序正确（our country will be stronger），符合句意；选项B语序错误（will our country be strong为疑问语序）；选项C的if表示“是否”，但句意表达信念而非条件；选项D的why表示原因，与句意“相信未来状态”不符。故选A。 17．—Do you know a famous saying “A book holds a house of gold”? —Yes, it tells us ________. A．why books are very expensive B．how we can get a lot of money C．that reading can open our minds D．why it is important to buy books 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你知道“书中自有黄金屋”这句名言吗？——是的，它告诉我们阅读可以开阔我们的思维。 考查宾语从句。why books are very expensive为什么书很贵；how we can get a lot of money我们如何能赚很多钱；that reading can open our minds阅读可以开阔我们的思维；why it is important to buy books为什么买书很重要。根据谚语“A book holds a house of gold”可知，“书中自有黄金屋”的寓意，它强调的是读书的价值和益处，而非字面上的金钱或买书行为。选项C最符合该谚语传达的“读书使人明智、开阔眼界”的内涵。故选C。 18．—She said, “I have been to Beijing twice.” —She said ________ she had been to Beijing twice. A．that B．if C．whether D．where 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——她说：“我去过北京两次。”——她说她去过北京两次。 考查宾语从句直接引语和间接引语的转换。that无实义，仅起连接作用；if是否；whether是否，常与or not连用；where哪里。原句是直接引语，转述为间接引语时，陈述句用that引导。故选A。 19．May I suggest ________ you think carefully before rushing into this? A．that B．what C．which D．how 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我可以建议你在仓促行动之前仔细考虑一下吗？ 考查宾语从句连接词辨析。that引导宾语从句，在句中不作成分；what什么，在从句中作成分；which哪一个，在从句中作成分；how如何，在从句中作方式状语。suggest后可接that引导的宾语从句，表示“建议……”，且that在从句中不充当句子成分，符合结构“suggest that+从句”。因此用that最合适。故选A。 20．The saying “Cooking is love made visible” tells us ________. A．what food we can cook for family B．where we make delicious food C．when we should express our love D．that cooking is a way to show love 【答案】D 【详解】句意：谚语“烹饪是看得见的爱”告诉我们烹饪是表达爱的一种方式。 考查谚语/习语和宾语从句。what food we can cook for family我们可以为家人做什么食物；where we make delicious food我们在哪里制作美味的食物；when we should express our love我们何时应该表达爱；that cooking is a way to show love烹饪是表达爱的一种方式。根据引语“Cooking is love made visible”可知，这句话直接表达了“烹饪是爱的体现”，因此宾语从句应说明烹饪与表达爱之间的关系，D项内容与引语含义一致。故选D。 21．Lingling told me ________ she learned to make spring rolls from her mother last weekend. A．that B．what C．how D．where 【答案】A 【详解】句意：玲玲告诉我上周末她跟妈妈学会了做春卷。 that无词义；what什么；how怎样；where哪里。主句中缺少宾语，该句是宾语从句，且从句不缺少主干成分，that只起连接作用，符合语境。应填that。 22．Our physics teacher told us that light ________ faster than sound. A．travels B．travelled C．has travelled D．is travelling 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们的物理老师告诉我们光传播得比声音快。 考查宾语从句的时态。主句“told us”是过去时，但宾语从句表达的是客观真理（光速比声速快），此时从句需用一般现在时。故选A。 23．He said ________ he was excited about the Chinese culture festival. A．if B．that C．what D．how 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他说他对中国文化节感到很兴奋。 if是否；that引导宾语从句时，无意义；what什么；how如何。动词“said”后接宾语从句，从句“he was excited about the Chinese culture festival”成分完整，缺引导词，表示陈述内容，应用that引导。 24．I know ________ they will hold celebrations in Chinatown next week. A．if B．that C．why D．whether 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我知道他们下周将在唐人街举行庆祝活动。 if是否；that引导宾语从句时，无实义；why为什么；whether是否。动词“know”后接宾语从句，从句“they will hold celebrations in Chinatown next week”成分完整，表示陈述事实，应用that引导。 25．I heard ________ the popular brand will open a new store near our community next month. A．where B．that C．why D．if 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我听说那个受欢迎的品牌下个月将在我们社区附近开一家新店。 考查宾语从句引导词。where 在哪里；that 无实义（仅引导陈述句）；why 为什么；if 是否。主句“I heard”后接宾语从句，从句“the popular brand will open a new store near our community next month”是一个完整的陈述句，不缺成分或疑问含义，需用that引导，且that可省略。故选B。 26．She is aware ________ the exam is very important. A．that B．which C．what D．how 【答案】A 【详解】句意：她意识到这次考试非常重要。 考查宾语从句引导词。that无实义，仅起连接作用；which哪一个，表选择；what什么，在从句中充当成分；how如何，表方式。根据句意，从句“the exam is very important”是一个完整的陈述句，不缺成分，只需连接词引导，因此用不充当成分的that。故选A。 27．The result of the research shows many people are aware of the importance of health and ______ they try to keep fit. A．/ B．that C．if D．whether 【答案】B 【详解】句意：研究结果显示，许多人意识到健康的重要性，并且他们努力保持健康。 考查连词辨析。/不填；that引导宾语从句，在句中无实义；if是否；whether是否。and连接两个并列的宾语从句，第一个从句由that引导（可省略），第二个从句的that不可省略。故选B。 28．—The dragon boat races are so exciting, but our boat is still behind. —Don’t worry. I’m sure ________. A．how are the races going B．who is the winner C．when the races will end D．that our team will win 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——龙舟比赛真刺激，但我们船还落后。——别担心。我相信我们的队会赢。 考查宾语从句。how are the races going比赛进行得怎么样，疑问语序；who is the winner获胜者是谁，疑问语序；when the races will end比赛何时结束，陈述语序；that our team will win我们的队会赢，陈述语序。主句“I’m sure”后接宾语从句，需用陈述语序，排除A、B。根据前句“Don’t worry”可知，说话人是在安慰对方，表达对结果的积极预期，应用that引导的肯定性从句。故选D。 29．—Our teacher mentioned the old saying “A journey of a thousand miles begins with a small step” yesterday. It tells us _________. —Yeah, I can’t agree more. A．if we can get to a far place in one day B．that great things start with small actions C．how many steps a long trip needs D．what can we do first in a trip 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我们的老师昨天提到了“千里之行，始于足下”这句老话。它告诉我们伟大的事业始于小小的行动。——是的，我完全同意。 if we can get to a far place in one day我们是否能在一天内到达一个遥远的地方；that great things start with small actions伟大的事业始于小小的行动；how many steps a long trip needs一次长途旅行需要多少步；what can we do first in a trip我们在旅行中首先能做什么。根据“A journey of a thousand miles begins with a small step”可知，此处表示“伟大的事业始于小小的行动”，应用that引导宾语从句。 30．“I have made great progress in self-management,” Tom said. Tom said that he ________ great progress in self-management. A．has made B．had made C．makes D．made 【答案】B 【详解】句意：汤姆说：“我在自我管理方面取得了很大进步。”汤姆说他在自我管理方面取得了很大进步。 考查宾语从句的时态。主句谓语“said”是过去时，宾语从句中动作“取得进步”发生在“said”之前，即“过去的过去”，需用过去完成时（had+过去分词）。故选B。 31．The teacher told us that natural disasters ________ often caused by human activities such as deforestation. A．are B．were C．will be D．would be 【答案】A 【详解】句意：老师告诉我们自然灾害常常是由诸如砍伐森林等人类活动引起的。 考查动词时态。are是，一般现在时；were是，一般过去时；will be将是，一般将来时；would be将是，过去将来时。根据“that natural disasters…often caused by human activities such as deforestation”可知，是宾语从句，主句“The teacher told us”是一般过去时，但从句表达的是客观事实，要用一般现在时。故选A。 32．—What did Wei Fang say about her plan for the weekend? —She said that she ________ to visit the history museum next weekend. A．goes B．went C．is going D．was going 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——魏芳对于她周末的计划说了些什么？——她说她下周末要去参观历史博物馆。 考查宾语从句的时态。根据主句“She said”为一般过去时，且宾语从句中“next weekend”表示将来时间，宾语从句需用过去将来时，表示过去将来的计划，was going to do符合过去将来时的结构。故选D。 33．When I was reading a book in the library, a woman came to me. She asked me ______. A．where I find the book B．where I found the book C．where did I find the book D．where had I found the book 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当我在图书馆看书时，一位女士向我走来。她问我我在哪里找到的这本书。 where I find the book一般现在时；where I found the book一般过去时；where did I find the book一般过去时，疑问句语序；where had I found the book过去完成时，疑问句语序。根据“She asked me…”可知，此处是宾语从句，遵循“主过从必过”原则，主句是过去时，从句也用过去的时态，且从句要用陈述句语序，应填where I found the book。 34．Lisa told me that ______ go out with me because she was busy. A．I can’t B．I couldn’t C．she can’t D．she couldn’t 【答案】D 【详解】句意：丽莎告诉我她不能和我一起出去，因为她很忙。 I can’t我不能；I couldn’t我不能（过去式）；she can’t她不能；she couldn’t她不能（过去式）。根据“Lisa told me that...”可知，这是一个宾语从句，主句的时态为一般过去时，从句的时态也应为相应的过去时态，排除A和C；根据“...because she was busy.”可知，从句的主语应为“she”，表示“她不能和我一起出去”，应填she couldn’t。 35．At the workshop in the museum, the guide asked the students __________. A．that you liked this ancient tool B．when was this ancient tool made C．how this ancient tool was used D．what is this ancient tool used for 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在博物馆的作坊里，向导问学生们这个古老工具是如何使用的。 that you liked this ancient tool你喜欢这个古老的工具；when was this ancient tool made这个古老的工具是什么时候制造的；how this ancient tool was used这个古老的工具是如何使用的；what is this ancient tool used for这个古老的工具是用来干什么的。宾语从句需用陈述语序；asked表明从句也应用过去时；asked“询问”后不能接that引导的宾语从句，应填how this ancient tool was used。 36．—The teacher told us that the earth ________ around the sun. —Yes, that’s the truth. A．goes B．went C．go D．going 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——老师告诉我们地球绕着太阳转。——是的，这是事实。 “the earth...around the sun”是宾语从句，当宾语从句表示客观真理或事实时，即使主句是一般过去时，从句也用一般现在时。“the earth”是第三人称单数，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式goes。 37．—I never doubt ________ she can do it well. —Neither do I. I just doubt ________ she is willing to do this. A．whether: that B．that: if C．if: whether D．that: that 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我从不怀疑她能做好这件事。——我也不怀疑。我只是怀疑她是否愿意做这件事。 考查宾语从句引导词。在宾语从句中，“doubt”用于否定句时，后面接“that”引导的从句；用于肯定句时，后面接“if”或“whether”引导的从句。第一空，“never doubt”表否定，用“that”；第二空，“doubt”表肯定，用“if”。故选B。 38．—Do you believe ________ man can live on Mars in the future? —It’s hard to say. Scientists are still not sure ________ we can grow plants on Mars. A．if; that B．whether; if C．that; that D．that; whether 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你认为人类将来能在火星上生活吗？——很难说。科学家们目前仍不确定是否能在火星上种植植物。 考查宾语从句。 根据“Do you believe...man can live on Mars in the future?”可知，believe 表示“相信”，引导词在后面的宾语从句中不作成分，故第一空填that；not sure表示“不确定”，常用if或whether引导宾语从句。故选D。 39．I found ________ difficult to get used to life in foreign countries. A．it is B．it was C．that D．that was 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我发现很难适应国外的生活。 考查宾语从句。原句需使用“find it +形容词+to do”句型，其中it作形式宾语，但选项中没有单独的it。B项it was可构成宾语从句“I found (that) it was difficult to get used to...”，时态一致（found与was均为过去式），意思通顺。A项it is时态不一致；C项that后接形容词，结构不完整；D项that was易引发歧义。故选B。 40．My classmates never doubt ________ wearing comfortable clothes helps them focus on studying. A．whether B．what C．how D．that 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我的同学们从不怀疑穿舒适的衣服有助于他们专注学习。 考查宾语从句引导词。whether是否；what什么；how如何；that无实义（仅起连接作用）。主句动词“doubt”在否定句（never doubt）中表示“不怀疑”，其后宾语从句陈述确定事实，需用“that”引导。故选D。 Fashion 1 be expensive, but it doesn’t have to be. In recent years, with growing environmental awareness, many people 2 second-hand clothes as a way to be stylish while being eco-friendly. This popular trend 3 “thrifting” and it helps reduce waste significantly. Some well-known clothing brands now actively use recycled materials 4 their new collections to minimize their environmental impact. These sustainable clothes are often 5 than regular ones, making them accessible to more people. However, sustainable fashion as a whole 6 still developing and faces many challenges. When you go shopping next time, instead of heading straight to the mall, why 7 try the second-hand store first? You might find some unique treasures there. Remember, looking good doesn’t mean 8 a lot of money on the latest trends. With some creativity and simple DIY skills, old clothes can look new and fashionable again. We should all think about 9 our clothes longer by repairing and restyling them. If everyone makes these small changes in their daily choices, the fashion industry 10 more sustainable and environmentally friendly in the future. 1．A．can B．should C．must 2．A．choose B．chose C．have chosen 3．A．is called B．called C．calls 4．A．make B．to make C．making 5．A．cheap B．cheaper C．cheapest 6．A．is B．are C．be 7．A．don’t B．not to C．not 8．A．spend B．to spend C．spending 9．A．use B．using C．used 10．A．becomes B．become C．will become 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．B 6．A 7．C 8．C 9．B 10．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了时尚不一定昂贵，近年来随着环保意识增强，二手服装流行，一些品牌用可回收材料，可持续时尚虽面临挑战但值得尝试，还提到旧衣改造及大家日常选择改变能让时尚业更可持续。 1．句意：时尚可能是昂贵的，但也不一定非得如此。 根据“but it doesn’t have to be”可知，此处表示“可能”的推测，语气较为客观。“can”表示可能性，符合“时尚有时可能昂贵”的语境。“should”表示“应该”，“must”表示“必须”，均不符合此处对客观事实的描述。 2．句意：近年来，随着环保意识的增强，许多人选择二手衣服作为一种既时尚又环保的方式。 根据“In recent years”可知，句子时态是现在完成时，“have chosen”是现在完成时的结构，符合语境。“chose”是一般过去时，“choose”是一般现在时，均不符合该时间背景。 3．句意：这种流行趋势被称为“节俭购物”，它有助于显著减少浪费。 “This popular trend”和“call”之间是被动关系，即这种流行趋势被叫做“节俭购物”，要用被动语态“is called”。“called”是过去式或过去分词形式，“calls”是一般现在时第三人称单数形式，均不符合被动语态要求。 4．句意：一些知名的服装品牌现在积极使用可回收材料来制作新系列服装，以尽量减少对环境的影响。 “use sth. to do sth.”是固定用法，表示“用某物做某事”，这里用“to make”表示使用可回收材料的目的，符合语境。“make”是动词原形，“making”是现在分词形式，均不符合该结构要求。 5．句意：这些可持续的衣服通常比普通衣服便宜，让更多人能够买得起。 根据“than”可知，这里要用比较级，“cheaper”是“cheap”的比较级，符合语境。“cheap”是原级，“cheapest”是最高级，均不符合此处比较的语境。 6．句意：然而，可持续时尚作为一个整体仍在发展，面临许多挑战。 “sustainable fashion”是单数概念，作主语时，be动词用“is”。“are”用于复数主语，“be”是原形，均不符合此处主语为单数的情况。 7．句意：下次你去购物时，为什么不先试试二手商店呢？ 此处考查固定句型“why not do sth.”，表示建议。“why not”后接动词原形，意为“为什么不……”，符合建议语境。“why don’t”后需接主语，“not to”后接不定式，均不符合该句型结构。 8．句意：记住，看起来好看并不意味着要在最新潮流上花很多钱。 “mean doing sth.”是固定用法，表示“意味着做某事”，所以这里用“spending”。“spend”是动词原形，“to spend”是动词不定式形式，均不符合该结构要求。 9．句意：我们都应该考虑通过修理和重新设计让衣服穿得更久。 “think about”中的“about”是介词，后面接动词的-ing 形式，“using”符合要求。“use”是原形，“used”是过去式或过去分词形式，均不符合此处介词后接动词 -ing 形式的规则。 10．句意：如果每个人在日常选择中都做出这些小小的改变，时尚行业在未来将变得更加可持续和环保。 根据“in the future”可知，句子时态是一般将来时，“will become”是一般将来时的结构，符合语境。“becomes”是一般现在时第三人称单数形式，“become”是原形，均不符合“将来”的时间背景。 Complete the passage with the given words in their proper forms. (用所给单词的适当形式完成短文，使其内容通顺。) Weekend Style vs. School Days For most students in Shanghai, Monday to Friday means wearing a school uniform. It is simple and practical, but some students feel it is boring. They believe that clothes should show their personality. Therefore, the weekend becomes a time for 1 (fashionable) shows on the streets. On Saturdays, the parks are full of young people. You can see many teenagers wearing 2 (flower) dresses or cool T-shirts. Boys often prefer 3 (bag) jeans that allow them to move easily. Since they are young and 4 (energy), they like clothes that are comfortable for sports and running. A good pair of 5 (train) is a must-have item for them. Girls might spend more time on their 6 (outfit). Some like to add small 7 (decorate) such as ribbons or pins, to their bags. They want to be different from others. However, comfort is still important. When they go to the library or a café, they prefer a 8 (relax) style. Of course, looking good does not mean spending a lot of money. Most students cannot afford expensive luxury brands. They are good at finding nice clothes at 9 (reason) prices. 10 (interest), some students even modify old clothes to make them look new and unique. 【答案】 1．fashion 2．flowery 3．baggy 4．energetic 5．trainers 6．outfits 7．decorations 8．relaxed 9．reasonable 10．Interestingly 【导语】本文对比了上海学生周一至周五穿校服与周末自由穿搭的不同风格，展现了他们在统一规则下追求个性与舒适的青春活力。 1．句意：因此，周末成了街头时装秀的时间。形容词fashionable意为“时尚的”，此处用名词fashion作定语修饰shows，“时装秀”英文为fashion shows，是固定表达。 2．句意：你可以看到许多青少年穿着碎花连衣裙或酷炫的T恤。修饰名词dresses需用形容词作定语，flower的形容词形式为flowery，表示“带有花卉图案的”。 3．句意：男孩们通常更喜欢宽松的牛仔裤，这样可以让他们活动自如。修饰名词jeans需用形容词作定语，bag的形容词形式为baggy，意为“宽松的”。 4．句意：因为他们年轻有活力，所以喜欢适合运动和跑步的舒适衣服。与young并列作表语，需用形容词，energy的形容词形式为energetic，表示“有活力的”。 5．句意：一双好的运动鞋是他们的必备品。“a pair of + 名词”结构中，名词常用复数；train“训练”，为动词，名词是trainer“运动鞋”，此处用复数形式trainers。 6．句意：女孩们可能会花更多时间在她们的着装搭配上。形容词性物主代词their后需接名词形式，outfit为可数名词，此处用复数泛指各类着装。 7．句意：有些人喜欢在包上添加一些小装饰，比如丝带或别针。形容词small后需接名词形式，decorate的名词为decoration，此处用复数表示多个装饰品。 8．句意：当她们去图书馆或咖啡馆时，更喜欢休闲的风格。此空在此处作定语修饰名词，因为前文强调了“comfort”，所以后文对应的风格应该是让人感觉很自在、不拘谨的，因此使用 relaxed，a relaxed style意为“休闲风格”或“宽松舒适的款式”。 9．句意：她们擅长以合理的价格找到漂亮的衣服。修饰名词prices需用形容词，reason的形容词形式为reasonable，意为“合理的”。 10．句意：有趣的是，有些学生甚至修改旧衣服，让它们看起来新颖独特。此处需用副词修饰整个句子，interest的副词形式为interestingly，意为“有趣的是”；句首单词首字母要大写。 ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $