选择性必修第四册 UNIT 11 CONFLICT AND COMPROMISE（教师用书word）-【步步高】2025年高考英语大一轮复习讲义（北师大版）

Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意 1．compromise n．折中，妥协 2．tank n．(储存液体或气体的)箱，罐 3．drummer n．鼓手 4．drum vi.击鼓，打鼓 n．鼓 5．property n．房产；所有物；财产 6．chorus n．齐声；副歌；合唱团 7．remote adj.偏僻的，偏远的 8．tailor n．(男装)裁缝 9．literally adv.确实地 10．balcony n．阳台 11．unsuspecting adj.无提防之心的，无疑心的 12．bomb n．炸弹 13．general n．将军，上将 14．trench n．战壕，堑壕 15．frontier n．国界，边境 16．murder n．谋杀，凶杀；谋杀罪 17．border n．国界，边界；边境地区 18．civilian n．平民，老百姓 19．machine gun机关枪 20．identification n．身份证明(文件) 21．ward n．病房 22．surgeon n．外科医生 23．tobacco n．烟叶，烟草 24．cigarette n．香烟 25．alcohol n．含酒精饮品；酒 26．obesity n．肥胖(症) 27．tax n．税，税款 28．sacred adj.神圣的 Ⅱ.重点单词——记形 1．detect vt.发现，察觉(尤指不易觉察到的事物) 2．somewhat adv.有点，有几分 3．monitor vt.监督；监视；监测，检测n.显示器，监视器 4．self­control n．自制力；自我控制 5．plug vt.把……塞住，堵塞；填塞 6．pack vi.& vt.打包n.包，包裹 7．vote n．投票(指行为)；票数 8．cease vt.& vi.停止，终止，结束 9．bitter adj.愤愤不平的；带来痛苦的，令人难过的；苦的 10．anyhow adv.(非正式)尽管如此；至少 11．edge n．边缘，外围 12．arrest vt.逮捕，拘捕；抑制；阻止 13．keen adj.着迷的，有强烈兴趣的 14．bother vt.& vi.(使)担心，(使)生气，(使)苦恼 15．recall vi.& vt.回想，回忆起 16．firmly adv.坚定地，坚决地 17．soldier n．士兵，军人 18．flee vi.& vt.逃离，逃走 19．weep vi.& vt.哭泣，流(泪) 20．panic n．惊恐，惶恐，惊慌 21．pray vi.& vt.祈求；祈祷 22．pile n．一大堆 23．display vt.展示，陈列 24．temporary adj.暂时的，临时的；短期的 25．midnight n．子夜，午夜 26．dozen num.一打 27．ceremony n．仪式，典礼 28.incident n．(尤指不平常的、重要的或暴力的)事件 29．ban vt.禁止，取缔 n．禁令，禁止 30．false adj.不正确的，错的；假的，不真实的 31．permanent adj.永久的，长久的 32．carpet n．地毯 33．ankle n．脚踝 34．request n．& vt.请求，要求 Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变 1．negotiate vi.& vt.谈判，协商→negotiation n．谈判；协商 2．inquire vi.& vt.询问，打听→inquiry n．询问；打听 3．resolve vt.解决(问题、困难)；决定→resolution n．决定；解决→resolutely adv.坚决地；坚定地 4．annoying adj.讨厌的，令人气恼的→annoyed adj.烦恼的，生气的→annoy vt.使生气，惹恼 5．inconvenience n．不便，麻烦→convenience n．方便，便利→inconvenient adj.不方便的→convenient adj.方便的 6．ashamed adj.内疚的，惭愧的；羞耻的→shame n．羞耻，惭愧→shameful adj.可耻的；丢脸的 7．maturity n．成熟→mature adj.成熟的→immature adj.不成熟的 8．assign vt.分配，分派，指派(任务)→assignment n．任务 9．complaint n．投诉→complain v．抱怨；投诉 10．warning n．警告，警示；告诫→warn v．警告 11．departure n．离开，起程→depart v．离开，出发 12．prejudiced adj.有偏见的，有成见的，歧视的→prejudice n．偏见 vt.使怀有偏见；损害 13．pleasant adj.礼貌而友善的，和蔼可亲的→pleased adj.高兴的；满意的→please v．使高兴→pleasure n．高兴，愉快；乐趣，乐事 14．violence n．暴力行为，暴力→violent adj.暴力的；猛烈的→violently adv.激烈地，剧烈地；凶猛地，暴力地 15．tolerate vt.忍受；忍耐；容忍；宽容→tolerance n．容忍；宽容；忍耐力→tolerant adj.宽容的；容忍的 16．withdraw vi.& vt.(使)退出(活动、组织等)；提，取；撤回→withdrawal n．撤回；收回；退出 17．representative n．代表，代理人→represent vt.代表；象征 18．greet vt.问候，迎接，招呼→greeting n．问候；招呼 19．mud n．泥，烂泥→muddy adj.多泥的，泥泞的 20．distribute vt.分发，分配，分送→distribution n．分配；分布 21．appreciation n．感激→appreciate vt.感激；欣赏；领会→appreciative adj.感激的；欣赏的 22．fried adj.油炸的，油煎的→fry vt.& vi.油炸；油煎n.炸薯条 23．harm vt.伤害 n．损害，危害→harmful adj.有害的→harmless adj.无害的 24．desirable adj.理想的，值得拥有的；值得做的→desire n．渴望；欲望vt.渴望；期望 25．invest vi.& vt.投资→investment n．投资 26．conclude vt.作出结论，推断出→conclusion n．结论；推论 27．beneficial adj.有利的，有帮助的，有用的→benefit n．利益；好处 v．使获益；受益于 28．recovery n．康复，痊愈→recover v．恢复；痊愈 29．loose adj.松的；宽大的→loosely adv.松散地；宽松地→loosen v．放松；(使)变松；松开(手等) 30．greed n．贪欲，贪婪→greedy adj.贪婪的 1．(be on) a/the slippery slope走向极坏的境地 2．imposing/Im'pəʊzIŋ/adj.壮观的，宏伟的，气势雄伟的 3．manufacture/ˌmænjʊ'fæktʃə/n.生产，制造 4．destructive/dI'strʌktIv/adj.毁灭性的，造成破坏的 5．livelihood/'laIvlihʊd/n.生计 6．migration/maI'ɡreIʃən/n.迁徙；移居 7．literacy/'lItərəsi/n.读写能力，识字 8．conscious/'kɒnʃəs/adj.关注的，有意识的；清醒的 9．appliance/ə'plaIəns/n.家用电器；家用器具 10．compact/kəm'pækt/adj.紧密的；小巧便携的 11．obsolete/'ɒbsəliːt/adj.废弃的，淘汰的 12．petroleum/pə'trəʊliəm/n.石油产品 Ⅳ.背核心短语 1．be driven mad被逼疯了 2．be exposed to暴露于 3．from then on从那时起 4．take action釆取行动 5．come to a resolution作出决定 6．a chorus of complaints齐声抱怨 7．go back to normal恢复正常 8．be prejudiced against对……有偏见 9．act of violence 暴行 10．in a flash立刻，一瞬间 11．be adapted from改编自 12．be fed up (to the neck) with(极度)厌倦 13．set the ball rolling使某种活动开始 14．present sb with sth授予/赠予某人某物 15．take sb in one’s arms 把某人拥在怀里 Ⅴ.悟经典句式 1．Being single，Ma Ming often held parties at night，but the biggest problem was his tendency to drum late at night.(“being＋adj.”作状语) 马明是个单身汉，经常在晚上开派对，但最大的问题是他常常打鼓到深夜。 2．She added that it wasn’t only the water falling onto their balcony from Smith watering his plants that bothered them，but also the way he cleaned his fish tanks.(not only...but also...不但……而且……) 她还说，困扰他们的不仅是史密斯给植物浇水时洒到阳台上的水，还有他清理鱼缸的方式。 3．We’d be sitting there happily reading our newspapers，when suddenly so much water would come from above that we’d be as wet as if we had showered with our clothes on！(as if 引导虚拟语气) 我们本来高兴地坐在阳台看报纸，突然间很多水从天而降，把我们都给浇湿了，就像穿着衣服洗了个澡一样！ 4．He and his family were eating breakfast when the American soldiers entered the village and ordered all civilians out of their homes.(be doing...when...正在做……突然……) 他和家人正在吃早餐，这时美军士兵进村了，命令所有村民从家里出来。 5．By the look of them，their trenches were in as bad a state as our own.(as＋adj.＋a/an＋n.＋as 像……一样……) 从样子上可以看出，他们的战壕和我们的一样糟糕。 6．The general was coming to give him the award because he happened to be number 20,000 to come through this hospital.(happen to do sth碰巧做某事) 将军是来给他颁奖的，因为他正好是进入这家医院的第两万个病人。 默写练习(一) Ⅰ.阅读单词(每小题1分，共7分) 1．compromise n．折中，妥协 2．property n．房产；所有物；财产 3．remote adj.偏僻的，偏远的 4．tailor n．(男装)裁缝 5．literally adv.确实地 6．balcony n．阳台 7．general n．将军，上将 Ⅱ.重点单词(每小题2分，共18分) 1．edge n．边缘，外围 2．detect vt.发现，察觉(尤指不易觉察到的事物) 3．monitor vt.监督；监视；监测，检测n.显示器，监视器 4．pack vi.& vt.打包n.包，包裹 5．vote n．投票(指行为)；票数 6．cease vt.& vi.停止，终止，结束 7．bitter adj.愤愤不平的；带来痛苦的，令人难过的；苦的 8．arrest vt.逮捕，拘捕；抑制；阻止 9．bother vt.& vi.(使)担心，(使)生气，(使)苦恼 Ⅲ.拓展单词(每小题2分，共14分) 1．negotiate vi.& vt.谈判，协商→negotiation n．谈判；协商 2．inquire vi.& vt.询问，打听→inquiry n．询问；打听 3．resolve vt.解决(问题、困难)；决定→resolution n．决定；解决→resolutely adv.坚决地；坚定地 4．maturity n．成熟→mature adj.成熟的→immature adj.不成熟的 5．prejudiced adj.有偏见的，有成见的，歧视的→prejudice n．偏见 vt.使怀有偏见；损害 6.withdraw vi.& vt.(使)退出(活动、组织等)；提，取；撤回→withdrawal n．撤回；收回；退出 7．violence n．暴力行为，暴力→violent adj.暴力的；猛烈的→violently adv.激烈地；暴力地 Ⅳ.拔高词汇(每小题1分，共5分) 1．imposing adj.壮观的，宏伟的，气势雄伟的 2．livelihood n．生计 3．appliance n．家用电器；家用器具 4．obsolete adj.废弃的，淘汰的 5．petroleum n．石油产品 Ⅴ.核心短语(每小题2分，共10分) 1．be driven mad 被逼疯了 2．be exposed to 暴露于 3．from then on 从那时起 4．come to a resolution作出决定 5．a chorus of complaints 齐声抱怨 Ⅰ.词形变化填空(每小题2分，共16分) 1．I admire you for your tolerance，because you are tolerant of things that can’t be tolerated. (tolerate) 2．Sorry again for the inconvenience caused by my carelessness.Can I know when it is convenient for you to get your parcel？(convenience) 3．It was a shame that he was caught cheating again and he was ashamed of his shameful behaviour.(shame) 4．Since the professor assigned the task to us，we have been occupied with the assignment.(assign) 5．Talking with him is a pleasure，because his character is pleasant.Everyone is pleased to work with him.(please) 6．His hobby of smoking in the office caused a chorus of complaints，and his wife also complained to him about it.(complain) 7．The traffic policeman had warned him of speeding several times，but he ignored all the warnings.(warn) 8．The departure time of our flight is at 6：00 am，so we have to depart for the airport before 4：00 in the morning.(depart) Ⅱ.选词填空(每小题3分，共15分) 1．After thinking twice，he finally came to a resolution and went to a big city to make a fortune. 2．Our teachers ban us from being prejudiced against the disabled.After all，everyone is born equal. 3．I sincerely hope that everything can go back to normal soon and I can live a normal life. 4．Honestly speaking，being exposed to different information made me at a loss. 5．He needs more time to see how things develop before he takes action. Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题5分，共15分) 1．他上学迟到了，受到了老师的惩罚。(“being＋adj.”作状语) Being late for school，he was punished by the teacher. 2．他不但被老师严厉指责，而且还得打扫教室。(not only...but also...) He not only was blamed severely by the teacher，but also had to clean the classroom. 3．他觉得自己好像是世界上最不幸的人。(as if 引导虚拟语气) He felt as if he were the most unlucky person in the world. 默写练习(二) Ⅰ.阅读单词(每小题1分，共7分) 1．murder n．谋杀，凶杀；谋杀罪 2．border n．国界，边界；边境地区 3．identification n．身份证明(文件) 4．surgeon n．外科医生 5．cigarette n．香烟 6．alcohol n．含酒精饮品；酒 7．obesity n．肥胖(症) Ⅱ.重点单词(每小题2分，共20分) 1．flee vi.& vt.逃离，逃走 2．weep vi.& vt.哭泣，流(泪) 3．panic n．惊恐，惶恐，惊慌 4．pray vi.& vt.祈求；祈祷 5．temporary adj.暂时的，临时的；短期的 6．ceremony n．仪式，典礼 7．incident n．(尤指不平常的、重要的或暴力的)事件 8．ban vt.禁止，取缔 n．禁令，禁止 9．permanent adj.永久的，长久的 10．request n．& vt.请求，要求 Ⅲ.拓展单词(每小题2分，共12分) 1．greet vt.问候，迎接，招呼→greeting n．问候；招呼 2．mud n．泥，烂泥→muddy adj.多泥的，泥泞的 3．fried adj.油炸的，油煎的→fry vt.& vi.油炸；油煎n.炸薯条 4．invest vi.& vt.投资→investment n．投资 5．loose adj.松的；宽大的→loosely adv.松散地；宽松地→loosen v．放松；(使)变松；松开(手等) 6．greed n．贪欲，贪婪→greedy adj.贪婪的 Ⅳ.拔高词汇(每小题1分，共5分) 1．manufacture n．生产，制造 2．destructive adj.毁灭性的，造成破坏的 3．literacy n．读写能力，识字 4．compact adj.紧密的；小巧便携的 5．conscious adj.关注的，有意识的；清醒的 Ⅴ.核心短语(每小题2分，共10分) 1．act of violence 暴行 2．in a flash立刻，一瞬间 3．be fed up (to the neck) with(极度)厌倦 4．set the ball rolling使某种活动开始 5．present sb with sth授予/赠予某人某物 Ⅰ.词形变化填空(每小题2分，共16分) 1．After much tireless work，we all had a strong desire for a desirable result.(desire) 2．I，along with three other representatives，went to the airport to meet foreign students，representing our school.(represent) 3．I am really appreciative of your timely help and I am writing to express my heartfelt appreciation.(appreciate) 4．Though he insisted that the product was harmless，there was enough evidence that proved it was harmful to the environment.(harm) 5．He concluded his speech with a cluster of powerful sentences，from which we drew a conclusion that he was a skilled speaker.(conclude) 6．Listening to others’ advice is beneficial to you，that is，you will benefit from adopting others’ advice.(benefit) 7．The injured man is recovering quickly and doctors believe that he will make a complete recovery soon.(recover) 8．The rescuers distributed the supplies to the people affected by the flood evenly，but some people were not satisfied with the distribution.(distribute) Ⅱ.选词填空(每小题3分，共15分) 1．He was fed up with the same old dish，so he decided to eat out today. 2．Seeing me crying，my father took me in his arms to comfort and encourage me. 3．As a matter of fact，the creative process can go by in a flash or it can take years. 4．The film which is adapted from a famous novel appeals to the audience at home and abroad. 5．Our English teacher was presented with a bunch of flowers yesterday，which made him grin from ear to ear. Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题5分，共15分) 1．我奶奶在广场上高兴地跳舞，这时一个年轻的女人打断了她。(be doing...when...) My grandma was dancing happily in the square when a young woman interrupted her. 2．她询问如何做一个像我奶奶一样快乐的人。(as＋adj.＋a/an＋n.＋as) She asked how to be as happy a person as my grandma. 3．就在那时，我奶奶碰巧犯了一个滑稽的错误，突然大笑起来。(happen to do sth) Just then，my grandma happened to make a funny mistake and burst into laughter. Maria，wife of Ken，requested that the government should issue 1.a ban on alcohol because alcohol had harmed not only Ken but also her and her families.Ken was an alcoholic.The tough guy，who was once a brave soldier fighting bravely 2.to defend(defend) the country，would drink dozens of beers a day.Then he would behave as if he were firing a machine gun，after 3.which he would pray and abuse violence.Maria once got a 4.broken(break) ankle because of this.He might drum on the balcony at midnight or destroy others’ properties，which caused a chorus of 5.complaints(complain)．The neighbors couldn’t tolerate him any longer and gave him a warning,6.hoping(hope) that he could cease doing so.Ken was literally a pleasant person during his temporary sobriety(清醒) and he was ashamed 7.of his behaviour.He negotiated with a few representatives and 8.reached(reach) a compromise.If he did such things again，he would move to a remote village.However，when he stopped drinking，he was bitter about everything he could recall about the war.He became annoyed 9.easily(easy) and wept for no reason，considering himself a murderer who should be arrested.He had never made a full 10.recovery(recover) from the war.After knowing the reason，the community committee wanted to resolve Ken’s problem permanently. 提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇 tolerate vt.容忍；允许；忍受(tolerant adj.忍受的，容忍的；宽容的 tolerance n．容忍；忍耐力) •tolerate (sb) doing...容忍(某人)做…… •be tolerant of/towards对……容忍/宽容 (1)One of the reasons why there are so many conflicts between people is the lack of tolerance (tolerate)． (2)(应用文写作之建议信)我坚信你对你的新室友宽容是很明智的。 I firmly believe that it is wise of you to tolerate/be tolerant of/towards your new roommates. (3)我不能容忍和凯特在同一间办公室工作，她总是对周围的人抱有偏见。 I can’t tolerate working with Kate in the same office，who is constantly prejudiced against those around her. panic n．惊慌；恐慌vi.& vt.(panicked，panicked)(使)惊慌/恐慌 •in panic惊慌失措地 get into a panic陷入恐慌 •panic sb into doing sth使某人惊慌地做某事 (1)(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)简陷入了恐慌，她的心脏跳动得如此剧烈，以至于她感觉快要窒息了。 Jane got into a panic，her heart beating so violently that she felt nearly suffocated. (2)(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)野狼的吼叫吓得我尖叫起来，我不知道如何缓解这无法抵挡的恐慌。 The roar of the wild wolf panicked me into screaming，and I wasn’t aware of how to ease the overwhelming panic. (3)当看到那头凶猛的熊拍打我们的栅栏时，我惊慌失措地尖叫。(2020·浙江7月，读后续写) Seeing the fierce bear hitting our fence，I screamed in panic. distribute vt.分发；分配(distribution n．分配；分发；分布状态) •distribute...to/among...把……分发给…… •the distribution of...……的分布 (1)At present，the world has about 6,800 languages.The distribution(distribute) of these languages is hugely uneven. (2)Tents and clothes have been distributed to/among the earthquake victims. (3)随着高考的临近，我们必须设法以最佳方式分配有限的时间。 With the college entrance examination approaching，we must try to distribute our limited time in the best way. ban vt.禁止；取缔n.禁令；禁止 •ban doing sth禁止做某事 ban sb from (doing) sth禁止某人(做)某事 •a ban on...对……的禁令 (1)When the two countries were at war，civilians were banned from crossing the border. (2)The general banned coming(come) out of the trenches without permission. (3)(应用文写作之告知信)虽然政府颁布了一条针对塑料袋的禁令，但人们仍在大量使用塑料袋。 While the government has issued a ban on plastic bags，people are still using large quantities of them. conclude v．断定，推断出；得出结论；使结束，终止(conclusion n．结论) •conclude(...) from...从……中得出/推断出(……) conclude...with...以……结束…… to conclude总而言之，最后 •draw/come to/arrive at/reach a conclusion得出结论 bring...to conclusion结束…… in conclusion最后，总之 (1)The general concluded his inspiring speech with a famous saying，“Where there is a will，there is a way.” →The general brought his inspiring speech to conclusion with a famous saying，“Where there is a will，there is a way.” (2)总之，你的切实可行的建议一定可以使我们的关于中国传统文化的主题班会吸引更多的外国人。(2021·全国甲，书面表达) To conclude/In conclusion，your practical suggestions are bound to make our theme class meeting about traditional Chinese cultures appeal to more foreigners. (3)(读后续写之亲情升华句)我从自己的经历中得出结论：“家庭是人生暴风雨中的救生衣。” I concluded from my own experience/I arrived at a conclusion from my own experience，“Family is a life jacket in the stormy sea of life.” recovery n．恢复；复苏；康复(recover vi.& vt.痊愈；恢复；重新获得；复苏) •make a recovery from从……中恢复 •recover from从……中恢复 recover oneself镇定下来；清醒过来 (1)过了似乎很长一段时间，他最终才从惊恐中恢复，镇定下来。 After what seemed like a century，he finally recovered from panic and recovered himself. (2)(应用文写作之安慰信)我真诚地希望你很快从疾病中完全康复。 I sincerely hope that you will make a complete recovery/completely recover from the disease soon. request vt.& n．要求；请求 •request sb to do sth请求某人做某事 request that...(should) do sth要求…… It is requested that...(should) do sth.要求…… •at one’s request(＝at the request of sb)应某人的要求 (1)The tailor was requested to recall(recall) all the details of the incident by the policeman. →The policeman requested that the tailor (should) recall all the details of the incident. (2)(应用文写作之通知)据要求，任何想申请该课程的人应在网上注册个人信息。 It is requested that anyone who wants to apply for the course (should) register personal information online. (3)在我的要求下，大卫最终参加了越野赛跑，我脸上露出了如释重负的微笑。 (2022·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写) David finally participated in the cross­country run at the request of me/at my request and a smile of relief spread across my face. happen to do sth　The general was coming to give him the award because he happened to be number 20,000 to come through this hospital. 将军是来给他颁奖的，因为他正好是进入这家医院的第两万个病人。 sth happens/happened to sb某事发生在某人身上 sb happens/happened to＋ It happens/happened that...碰巧…… (1)It happened that the plant downtown needed eight kids for temporary help during our spring break，for which I had no plans beyond listening to my favorite records.(2021·新课标Ⅰ) (2)I happened to have withdrawn(withdraw) some money from the ATM so that I could lend 200 dollars to you. (3)信不信由你，几个月前我第一次碰巧读《青年报》时，我有一种想一口气读完它的冲动。 (2021·新课标Ⅰ，应用文写作) Believe it or not，the first time I happened to read the newspaper Youth a couple of months ago，I felt an urge to finish reading it in one breath. (4)(应用文写作之安慰信)得知你前几天出了车祸，我写信表示关心，并祝你早日康复。 Knowing that a car accident happened to you the other day，I am writing to show my concern and wish you an early recovery. 提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇 Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍 1．monitor (1)In each group，the biggest or oldest pupil is made a monitor. C (2)And in contrast to our increasingly networked lives where the information we consume is monitored and tracked，a printed book still offers the chance of a wholly private，“off­line” activity.(2023·新课标Ⅱ) A (3)He was watching a game of tennis on a television monitor. B 2．arrest (1)The drug is used to arrest the spread of the disease. B (2)I arrest you in the name of the law. A (3)News of his arrest caused a sensation. D (4)An unusual noise arrested his attention. C 3．remote (1)Cattle tend to be kept in remote places and their value has risen，making them appealing targets.(2021·新课标Ⅱ) A (2)There is still a remote chance that they will find her alive. E (3)This government depends on the wishes of a few who are remote from the people. D (4)I never get up to turn on the television；I use the remote control. C (5)He is one of my remote cousins and we have been in touch with each other since we parted. B 4．bitter (1)She is very bitter about losing her job. E (2)I’ve learnt from bitter experience not to trust what he says. A (3)Outside，a bitter east wind was accompanied by flurries of snow. C (4)Traditional Chinese medicine usually tastes bitter and is hard to swallow. D (5)With no one to resolve their dispute，the two sides are locked into a bitter conflict. B 5．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思 (1)Dogs have a keen sense of smell.敏锐的 (2)The cars had to be recalled due to an engine fault.召回 (3)Four paintings stolen from the gallery have been recovered.找回 (4)When she opened the door，she was greeted by a scene of utter confusion.映入……的眼帘 (5)She edged a little closer to me and at last we snuggled together to keep warm.渐渐移动 Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识 1．The parcel was opened and a strange furry animal was released from it，making the girl scream in panic. 2．When the toys were distributed to/among the orphans，they clasped the presents firmly. 3．The writer sighed heavily and frowned because he couldn’t tolerate being interrupted(interrupt) when writing. 4．The salary they offered was especially desirable(desire)，appealing to people of all ages. 5．As a consequence of the treatment，he made a complete recovery(recover) at last. 6．The case was investigated again at the request of the supreme court. 7．I happened to be having(have) lunch in the school canteen when the conflict occurred suddenly. 8．The boy apologized for his rudeness and was ashamed of his behaviour. 9．Many excellent works are on display in the gallery of our school. 10．I sincerely apologize to you for any inconvenience(convenient) caused by the unexpected change. 假设你是李华，前几天你因故跟你的好友Tracy发生了矛盾，你现在意识到了自己的错误，用英语写信向她道歉，内容包括： 1.写信目的； 2.自己的感受和对友谊的观点； 3.希望被原谅。 完成句子 1．我为前几天和你吵架而深感羞愧，现在带着极大的内疚感写信向你道歉。(“being＋adj.”作状语) ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 2．昨天晚上，我偶然翻阅了我的相册，里面的照片让我想起了我们一起度过的快乐时光。(happen to do；“介词＋which”引导定语从句) ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 3．看着这些照片，我不仅意识到了自己犯的错误，而且意识到我们的友谊是多么珍贵。(not only...but also...的倒装结构) ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 4．众所周知，没有朋友的人就像没有阳光的树一样。(as if) ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 5．因此，我真诚地希望你能接受我的道歉，并祝愿我们的友谊像以前一样亲密和牢固。(as...as...) ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 组句成篇 把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。 ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 参考范文 Dear Tracy， Being deeply ashamed for quarreling with you the other day，I am now writing to make an apology to you with a great sense of guilt. Last night I happened to go through my album，in which the pictures reminded me of the happy time we spent together.Seeing these pictures，not only was I aware of the mistake I’ve made，but also I realized how precious our friendship is.It is well recognized that people living without friends seem as if trees living without sunshine. So I sincerely hope that you can accept my apology and wish our friendship as close and firm as before.Looking forward to your early reply. Yours， Li Hua 教材语料整合 亮词 [情感描写]　annoyed；ashamed；prejudiced；bitter；keen；unsuspecting；bother；firmly；panic；appreciation；greed [动作描写]　negotiate；resolve；detect；plug；drum；vote；arrest；tolerate；recall；withdraw；flee；weep；pray；greet；ban；conclude；request 美句 1.Ma Ming felt that they were prejudiced against him.He’s bitter over the fact that people thought of his music as “noise”．(情感描写) 2.While McKay is usually a peaceful and pleasant person，he had been driven to this act of violence by literally getting wet just once too often.(人物描写) 3.We’d be as wet as if we had showered with our clothes on！(比喻) 4.He was up there in a flash.(夸张) 5.The calm ended and panic set in.The people began weeping and praying.(动作描写) 6.They greeted each other and shook hands.(动作描写) 7.One of their men，speaking in English，said that he had worked in England for some years and that he was fed up to the neck with this war and would be glad when it was over.(情感描写) 拓展语料积累　动作细节描写：哭 单词 cry哭泣　sob呜咽，啜泣　weep小声哭或无声流泪　choke哽咽　wail号啕大哭，恸哭　misty泪眼模糊的　watery眼泪汪汪的　tearful含泪的 词块 have a lump in one’s throat 哽咽　be wet with tears/be in tears 泪流满面　be close to tears/be on the verge of tears 快哭了　be filled with tears/tears well up in one’s eyes热泪盈眶　be brimming/blurred with tears泪眼模糊　tears cloud one’s eyes 泪水模糊了某人的眼睛　hold/fight back tears抑制住泪水 burst into tears/burst out crying 放声大哭　cry bitter/lonely tears流下痛苦/孤独的泪水　cry one’s eyes/heart out 痛哭流涕　be in floods of tears泪如雨下　tears roll/run/stream/pour down one’s cheeks泪水滑落脸颊 句型 She hugged her child tightly，her eyes flooded with/full of tears of gratitude.(独立主格)她紧紧地抱着她的孩子，眼里充满了感激的泪水。 I sobbed bitterly，tasting the salt from the tears that streamed down my face.(现在分词短语作状语)我痛苦地抽泣着，品尝着从我脸上流下的泪水中的咸味。 Her bottom lip quivered and big tears rolled down her cheeks.她的下唇颤抖着，大颗大颗的眼泪顺着脸颊滚落下来。 He wailed，tears pouring down his face uncontrollably.(独立主格)他号啕大哭，眼泪不受控制地顺着脸庞流下来。 All the children held out their arms and cheered，with tears of excitement welling up in their eyes.(with复合结构)所有的孩子都伸出双臂欢呼起来，激动的泪水夺眶而出。 He stood silently outside her room，with tears rolling/running/streaming/pouring down his cheeks.(with复合结构)他默默地站在她的房间外面，眼泪从脸颊上滚落下来。 语料运用　主题：矛盾与冲突 Jane complained that she could never ①tolerate her husband’s being stubborn and monitoring her all the time any longer.After the fierce quarrel，②with her eyes flooded with tears of anger(with复合结构)，Jane glared at her husband，saying “I’ll find a better spot for us to camp” and walked away.An hour later，she looked around and looked into the distance，only to find that she was lost in the terrifying forest，③which threw her in panic and on the verge of tears(定语从句)．She ④managed to hold back her tears and stood there in terror，thinking about how to cope with the dilemma.With no solution，she was in the depths of despair，sitting beside a tree，⑤sobbing bitterly uncontrollably(现在分词短语作状语)．Fortunately，her husband finally found her despite many difficulties.The moment Jane caught sight of her husband，she threw herself into his arms，⑥tears rolling down her cheeks(独立主格)．⑦He helped her wipe away her tears and looked her straight in the eye，promising，“Never will I quarrel with you again.” 简抱怨说，她再也无法容忍丈夫的固执和一直监督她了。在那场激烈的争吵之后，简的眼里充满了愤怒的泪水，她瞪着丈夫说“我会给我们找一个更好的地方露营的”，然后走开了。一个小时后，她环顾四周，望向远方，却发现自己在这可怕的森林中迷路了，这让她惊慌失措，几乎要哭了。她强忍着泪水，惊恐地站在那里，思考着如何应对这种困境。在没有任何解决办法的情况下，她陷入了绝望的深渊，坐在一棵树旁，不由得痛苦地抽泣起来。幸运的是，尽管遇到很多困难，她的丈夫还是找到了她。简一看见丈夫，就扑到他的怀里，眼泪顺着脸颊往下流。他帮她擦去眼泪，直视着她的眼睛保证道：“我再也不会和你吵架了。” 高考题型组合练(1) Ⅰ.阅读理解 A(★) (2022·全国甲，D) Sometime in the early 1960s，a significant thing happened in Sydney，Australia.The city discovered its harbor.Then，one after another，Sydney discovered lots of things that were just sort of there—broad parks，superb beaches，and a culturally diverse population.But it is the harbor that makes the city. Andrew Reynolds，a cheerful fellow in his early 30s，pilots Sydney ferryboats for a living.I spent the whole morning shuttling back and forth across the harbor.After our third run Andrew shut down the engine，and we went our separate ways—he for a lunch break，I to explore the city. “I’ll miss these old boats，” he said as we parted. “How do you mean？” I asked. “Oh，they’re replacing them with catamarans.Catamarans are faster，but they’re not so elegant，and they’re not fun to pilot.But that’s progress，I guess.” Everywhere in Sydney these days，change and progress are the watchwords(口号)，and traditions are increasingly rare.Shirley Fitzgerald，the city’s official historian，told me that in its rush to modernity in the 1970s，Sydney swept aside much of its past，including many of its finest buildings.“Sydney is confused about itself，” she said.“We can’t seem to make up our minds whether we want a modern city or a traditional one.It’s a conflict that we aren’t getting any better at resolving(解决)．” On the other hand，being young and old at the same time has its attractions.I considered this when I met a thoughtful young businessman named Anthony.“Many people say that we lack culture in this country，” he told me.“What people forget is that the Italians，when they came to Australia，brought 2,000 years of their culture，the Greeks some 3,000 years，and the Chinese more still.We’ve got a foundation built on ancient cultures but with a drive and dynamism of a young country.It’s a pretty hard combination to beat.” He is right，but I can’t help wishing they would keep those old ferries. 语篇解读　本文是夹叙夹议文。文章通过作者和悉尼人士的交流介绍了悉尼在发展中面临的问题。 1．What is the first paragraph mainly about? A．Sydney’s striking architecture. B．The cultural diversity of Sydney. C．The key to Sydney’s development. D．Sydney’s tourist attractions in the 1960s. 答案　C 解析　段落大意题。根据第一段中的“Sometime in the early...discovered its harbor.”以及“But it is the harbor that makes the city.”可知，本段主要介绍了悉尼发展的关键是港口。 2．What can we learn about Andrew Reynolds? A．He goes to work by boat. B．He looks forward to a new life. C．He pilots catamarans well. D．He is attached to the old ferries. 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Andrew Reynolds，a cheerful fellow in his early 30s，pilots Sydney ferryboats for a living.”，第三段中的“I’ll miss these old boats”以及第五段中的“Catamarans are faster，but they’re not so elegant，and they’re not fun to pilot.”可推知，渡轮领航员Andrew Reynolds非常喜欢老式渡船。 3．What does Shirley Fitzgerald think of Sydney? A．It is losing its traditions. B．It should speed up its progress. C．It should expand its population. D．It is becoming more international. 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中的“...traditions are increasingly rare...Sydney swept aside much of its past，including many of its finest buildings.”可推知，Shirley Fitzgerald认为悉尼匆忙奔向现代化，正在失去它的传统。 4．Which statement will the author probably agree with? A．A city can be young and old at the same time. B．A city built on ancient cultures is more dynamic. C．Modernity is usually achieved at the cost of elegance. D．Compromise should be made between the local and the foreign. 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“On the other hand，being young and old at the same time has its attractions.”以及最后一段中的“He is right”可推知，作者赞同Anthony的观点，认为一座城市可以同时既年轻又古老。 B(★) Public health data signals a genuine crisis in adolescent mental health: rising rates of anxiety，depression，and hopelessness.But as we worry about tweens and teens who are struggling，we can’t ignore another mounting effect—the burdens that are shouldered by their friends and peers in an “always on” world. We have studied teens and tech for over a decade.Their networks are ever-expanding，in no small part because there’s a sense that being nice means accepting fellow requests from acquaintances and friends-of-friends.And it’s not just staying connected—it’s keeping up with what others post，too. Social media platforms thus make it technically possible to maintain more relationships than we are historically actually wired to track and manage.The result is an overwhelming wave of social information.It’s especially intense for adolescents whose developmental sensitivities drive them to care deeply about what their peers are doing and thinking. Significant stress comes with trying to be a “good friend” in the age of social media.Friendship requires both public and behind-the-scenes support.Even before a social media post is made public，close friends can be pulled into photo selection，editing，and final examination.Besides，they need to respond in the right way and in the right amount of time，which differs from one relationship to another.Replying too quickly can be seen as over-eager，especially when the friendship is new or not close.But when it’s a close friend，too long a lag(延迟) can be hurtful. The qualities that are key to building or breaking friendships are actually the same as they’ve always been: mutual(相互的) sharing of joys and sorrows，a give and take of acceptance and support，and an ability to weather and resolve conflicts.But technologies have transformed how friendships play out.Social media increases the burdens that come along with being a good friend.Too often，these dynamics hit teens hard in ways that are lost on adults.And that is what should be changed with the help of parents，schools and other parts of society. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是社交媒体是如何让青少年的友谊关系变得更有压力的。 5．What makes teenagers’ networks continue to expand? A．The pressure to be nice. B．The requests of their parents. C．The need to meet more people. D．The burden of living independently. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段的“Their networks are ever-expanding，in no small part because there’s a sense that being nice means accepting fellow requests from acquaintances and friends-of-friends.”可知，让青少年的社交网络不断扩大的是对待他人友善的压力。故选A。 6．What does the author think of being a good friend in the age of social media? A．Exciting. B．Challenging. C．Money-saving. D．Risk-taking. 答案　B 解析　观点态度题。根据倒数第二段的“Besides，they need to respond in the right way and in the right amount of time，which differs from one relationship to another.”可知，在社交媒体时代做一个好朋友是具有挑战性的。故选B。 7．What should be changed according to the last paragraph? A．The qualities of being a teen friend. B．The conflicts between schools and parents. C．The relations between parents and their teens. D．The influences of social media on teen friendship. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Social media increases the burdens that come along with being a good friend.Too often，these dynamics hit teens hard in ways that are lost on adults.And that is what should be changed with the help of parents，schools and other parts of society.”可知，应该改变的是社交媒体对青少年友谊的影响。故选D。 8．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A．Why More Teens Are Addicted to Social Media B．How Teens Nowadays Gain Long-standing Friendships C．How Social Media Has Made Teen Friendships More Stressful D．What Makes Teens Become More Sensitive to Their Peers’ Needs 答案　C 解析　标题归纳题。根据第一段的“But as we worry about tweens and teens who are struggling，we can’t ignore another mounting effect—the burdens that are shouldered by their friends and peers in an ‘always on’ world.”可知，本文主要讲的是社交媒体是如何让青少年的友谊关系变得更有压力的。故选C。 C A handshake appears to be a common gesture with ancient roots.Historical references such as the 9th-century BCE site of Shalmaneser Ⅲ and the 8th-century BCE mention in the Iliad indicate the act of holding hands in a greeting or as a sign of loyalty.Even centuries later，Shakespeare referenced handshakes as a symbolic act of brotherhood.The origins of shaking hands may be obscured(模糊的) by time. Historians who have studied ancient etiquette(礼仪) books note that the modern handshake did not appear until the middle of the 19th century，when it was considered a slightly inappropriate gesture that could only be used between friends.But what if Shakespeare had written about handshaking hundreds of years earlier? The handshake has traditionally been used as a gesture of making deals，peace，or settling conflicts.In ancient times，it was mentioned in treaties and agreements between kings.In literature，such as in the Iliad and Shakespeare’s works，characters shook hands to establish a friendship or resolve conflicts.However，differing interpretations of the handshake can lead to misunderstandings or disagreements. The modern handshake as a form of greeting is harder to trace.As a Dutch sociologist Herman Roodenburg—the chief authority for the history of handshaking—wrote in a chapter of an anthology called A Cultural History of Gesture，“More than in any other field，that of the study of gesture is one in which the historian has to make the most of only a few clues.” A 16th-century German translation of Rabelais’s Gargantua and Pantagruel mentioned handshakes，in addition to embracing，as a form of greeting.This early reference suggests the evolving inclusion of handshakes in greeting rituals. James Cleland’s criticism of bowing may have stemmed from a desire to return to a traditional form of greeting in Europe.Handshaking，which had survived in some remote areas，became more popular as hierarchical greetings like bowing fell out of favor.As social equality increased，handshaking became a common practice among equals. 9．Why does the author mention Shakespeare in the first two paragraphs? A．To prove that the history of handshaking is hard to find. B．To illustrate that handshaking is a very old custom. C．To show readers that handshaking is common in fiction. D．To explain the value of handshaking in communication. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。第一段开头指出握手是有着古老根基的常见姿势，下文列举莎士比亚的作品中以握手作为兄弟之情象征的描写结合第二段最后一句，可以推断出作者在前两段提到莎士比亚就是为了证明握手是一种很古老的习俗。故选B。 10．What can we learn about handshaking from the passage? A．The origin of handshaking as a form of greeting is easy to trace. B．Citizens usually shake hands to show friendliness in Holland. C．It was used only between friends and to reach an agreement. D．It is a common practice between people of different social positions. 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段第一句可知，以前握手这个习俗只能在朋友之间使用。根据第三段第一句可知，握手曾经用来达成协议。故选C。 11．Which of the following is similar in meaning to “anthology” in paragraph 4? A．The science of mental ability. B．A collection of selected literary passages. C．A daily written record of experiences. D．All the living things of a particular region. 答案　B 解析　词义猜测题。根据画线词后面的内容可知，《手势的文化史》中的一个章节指出在手势研究领域，历史学家只能依靠一些线索进行研究。由此推断，这本书应是一本精选文学篇目的合集，故选B。 12．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A．The Evolution and Significance of Handshakes in Human Culture B．The Science Behind Handshakes：A Psychological Analysis C．Handshakes vs Fist Bumps：The Battle of Greetings D．The Evolution of Hand Gestures：From Handshakes to High-Fives 答案　A 解析　标题归纳题。由第一段第一句“A handshake appears to be a common gesture with ancient roots.”以及最后一段最后一句“As social equality increased，handshaking became a common practice among equals.”可知，本文主要是研究握手这一礼仪习俗从古至今的演变及其意义和价值。故选A。 Ⅱ.七选五(★) Of all relationships，the parent-child relationship is perhaps the purest.__1__ These tips will help you improve your relationship with your parents. Give them your time.No matter how busy you are with your life，try to make some time for your parents.__2__ If you’re living away from them，call them and visit them regularly.For all you know，your one could make their day. __3__ If you are living with your parents，help them with housework.Do your part or even more.If you are not living together，check on them and help them out by offering to buy groceries，pay bills，etc. Put yourself in their shoes.Whenever your parents say something that contradicts(与……矛盾) your opinion，try not to simply agree with them.__4__ And try to recognize that they have reason for their views.If possible，take time to explain your point patiently. Try not to raise your voice at them.These will be times when you disagree with your parents.It is okay to try to help them understand your point of view.However，raising your voice is never a great idea，as it will leave your parents feeling hurt. Be open with them.As children，we tend to share every detail of our lives with our parents，but as we grow up，we filter out certain things from them.Try to be as honest as possible and let them take part in the most important aspects of your life.__5__ A．Call them every day. B．Lend a hand with household chores. C．If the gap is too big，you will become a stranger. D．Accept the generation gap between you and them. E．Parents often feel lonely once kids go away to college. F．Let them know you want them to be a part of your life. G．It is also the one that goes through several transformations，good or bad. 1．答案　G 解析　根据上下文可知，亲子关系有可能会变得不好，G项“It is also the one that goes through several transformations，good or bad.”作为承上启下的关键语句，符合语境。故选G。 2．答案　E 解析　下文提到如果你住在远离父母的地方，给他们打电话并定期拜访他们，可推理出，上文说的是这种做法的原因，与E项“Parents often feel lonely once kids go away to college.”表达的含义一致。故选E。 3．答案　B 解析　根据下文“If you are living with your parents，help them with housework.”可知此处说的是要帮助父母做家务，与B项“Lend a hand with household chores.”表达的含义一致。故选B。 4．答案　D 解析　上文提到当与父母的观点相矛盾时，尽量不要简单地附和他们，以及下文讲到试着承认他们的观点是有道理的，由此可知，空白处说的是面对与父母的观点不一致的时候的正确做法，与D项“Accept the generation gap between you and them.”表达的含义一致。故选D。 5．答案　F 解析　根据上文“尽量诚实，让他们参与你生活中最重要的方面。”可推理出，此处说的是要让父母参与你的生活，并让他们感到他们很重要，与F项“Let them know you want them to be a part of your life.”表达的含义一致。故选F。 高考题型组合练(2) Ⅰ.阅读理解 A(★) “I was sleeping on the street for nine days.If it weren’t for Crisis，I might have died，” said Eddie，who was a chef for years，working in luxurious hotels in London.He lost his job and his health declined.He spent all his savings on rent and was forced to leave his home when they ran out. He stayed with a friend，but it was crowded，and his friend eventually asked him to leave.Eddie found out about Crisis by chance and was referred to a Crisis at Christmas hotel. Eddie was given a Crisis coach，who supported him in finding somewhere to live and he was given a phone，which he used to look for work.Eddie is settled in his new home.His health condition is much better and he is looking forward to the future. Right now thousands of people at the sharp end of poverty are being pushed into homelessness.People are being left with no options than to go without basics like food，heating or keeping a roof over their heads. Please donate today to end someone’s homelessness and support to leave homelessness behind for good. ·￡10 monthly could provide a warm welcome and help someone take their first steps out of homelessness. ·￡32 monthly could help fund one-to-one specialist coaching in housing，benefits，well-being and work. ·￡64 monthly could help fund one of our support workers to assist someone trapped in temporary accommodation in looking for affordable and settled housing. ·￡100 monthly could buy a household starter kit，filled with essentials someone might not be able to afford，to help them settle into their new home. Please search “Crisis at Christmas” to make your donation.Here is how： 0800 999 2060 Room 006，Freepost，Crisis at Christmas Scan the QR code with your phone camera to donate 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了对慈善组织Crisis at Christmas作捐赠的方式和不同金额可实现的帮助意义。 1．What is Crisis at Christmas? A．A hotel. B．A health center. C．An employment agency. D．A charity organization. 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据第一段中“‘I was sleeping on the street for nine days.If it weren’t for Crisis，I might have died，’ said Eddie”、第二段中“Eddie found out...a Crisis at Christmas hotel.”、第三段中“Eddie was given a Crisis coach，who supported him in finding somewhere to live...”以及文章最后提到“Please search ‘Crisis at Christmas’ to make your donation”可推知，Crisis at Christmas是一个帮助无家可归的人的慈善机构。故选D。 2．What difference can you make to a beneficiary with a donation of ￡32 monthly? A．Helping rent a luxurious house. B．Helping throw a welcome party. C．Helping buy household necessities. D．Helping get personalized guidance. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据题干关键词“￡32 monthly”定位至文中的“￡32 monthly could help fund one-to-one specialist coaching in housing...”。one-to-one specialist coaching与D项中的“personalized guidance”语义一致，意为“个性化指导”，故选D。 3．How many ways are there to make a donation? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据题干关键词“make a donation”定位至最后一段，其中提到可以通过打电话、寄信、扫描二维码共三种方式来实现捐赠，故选C。 B(★) The best ideas are often so smart，so simple and so clearly needed；it’s strange to discover they don’t already exist.So it is with Farm My School，a program that’s turning underused land at secondary schools into commercially achievable，regenerative market gardens farmed by and for local communities. Co-founded by permaculturist(永续农业专家) Ben Shaw and regenerative educator James McLennan，Farm My School connects local people and organizations through volunteering that helps establish a school’s market garden.Students learn about community networks，healthy eating，ecological responsibility，waste reduction and climate relief while helping with food production.Schools integrate all these into their courses while producing vegetable boxes every week that feed local families，supply the school’s food needs and ultimately pay the farmer’s salary. Farm My School has gained the extraordinary enthusiasm of the locals，who answered an online shout-out to buy tickets to the program’s launch event at Bell Secondary School last October.Called Build A Farm in a Day Festival，the event featured workshops by Ben and James to share the skills required to build what they say is the world’s largest no-dig garden.“We charged for the experience and 600 guys turned up！They didn’t even need free drinks to get excited.We were gardening till midnight.It was amazing.We’ve got true community buy-in，” says James. Volunteers have since begun beneficial planting throughout the school.Next steps include further discussions with local communities，employing a farmer，and bringing in a teacher to develop courses.“We’ve seen this huge push towards seeing schools as regenerative spaces，not just for planting but for kids to be more connected to the outside world，and really seeing the school in a whole new light，” James says.“For us，the big excitement is that by allowing a professional farmer to take the responsibility of growing food，it’s not only on the school to look after that farm anymore，which eventually makes it much more sustainable，” adds Ben. 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了“我的学校农场”项目将中学未充分利用的土地转化为商业上可实现的可再生市场菜园，由当地社区耕种并为当地社区服务。 4．Why was Farm My School founded? A．To raise the income of the local people. B．To advocate a commercial farming plan. C．To provide free food for local communities. D．To turn underused campus land into market gardens. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中“So it is with Farm My School，a program that’s turning underused land at secondary schools into commercially achievable，regenerative market gardens farmed by and for local communities.”可知，建立“我的学校农场”项目是为了把未充分利用的校园土地变成市场菜园。故选D。 5．How do schools involve students into the program? A．By developing program-based courses. B．By organizing voluntary work in communities. C．By offering them part-time jobs in the market gardens. D．By encouraging them to produce daily vegetable boxes. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中“Schools integrate all these into their courses while producing vegetable boxes every week that feed local families，supply the school’s food needs and ultimately pay the farmer’s salary.”可知，学校通过开发基于项目的课程让学生参与到项目中来。故选A。 6．What does the underlined word “buy-in” mean in paragraph 3? A．Competition. B．Investment. C．Support. D．Protection. 答案　C 解析　词义猜测题。画线词前文“We charged for the experience and 600 guys turned up！They didn’t even need free drinks to get excited.We were gardening till midnight.It was amazing.”说明大家很支持这个项目，从而推知画线词“buy-in”应为“支持，认可”的意思。故选C。 7．What is the highlight of the program according to Ben? A．It brings in money to support the school. B．The school farm will be able to last long. C．The local people will take care of the farm. D．Students connect more with the outside world. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段中“‘For us，the big excitement is that by allowing a professional farmer to take the responsibility of growing food，it’s not only on the school to look after that farm anymore，which eventually makes it much more sustainable，’ adds Ben.”可知，该项目的亮点是学校农场将能够持续很长时间。故选B。 Ⅱ.完形填空 Head to Flint，Michigan，on a Wednesday night，and you’ll see a blinding display of lights near the river. The tradition __1__ on a whim in 2010 with Daniel Riddick，a doctor in Hurley Children’s Hospital in Providence，Rhode Island.His patient，a teenager，had been in the hospital long-term.During his stay，Daniel had __2__ the kid so deeply that he decided that on the boy’s __3__ night there，he would do something __4__ for the final parting. As he left，Daniel told the boy to __5__ the corner near the bus stop from his window.Daniel __6__ to that spot，turned around，and flickered(闪烁) his bike light up toward the hospital.To his surprise，the teen flickered his own room lights to __7__.“From a quarter mile away it was very __8__ where the kid was，” says Daniel.“I figured if it __9__ once I could do it again.” And so he did. Daniel made it a __10__ to flicker his bike lights to kids as he left for the night as a __11__ way to say goodbye.The nightly tradition became such a __12__ that customers started joining in with flashlights and cellphones too. The tradition has __13__ inspired those beyond Michigan and Daniel hopes it __14__ even more.“It could happen anywhere if someone is willing to give it a try with one __15__，” he says. 语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个医生用闪烁自行车灯的方法和一个住院的孩子告别，孩子也闪烁病房的灯作为回应。这是一个有趣也很暖心的关于爱的故事。 1．A.developed B．survived C．continued D．started 答案　D 解析　根据下文“The nightly tradition...even more.”可知，后来有很多人加入，而空处所在句是在讲这个传统是怎么开始的——最初是医生的一个突发奇想，想让一个住院的小男孩开心。故选D。 2．A.negotiated with B．bonded with C．agreed with D．accommodated with 答案　B 解析　他决定为小男孩在医院的最后一晚做些事情，后面他花费心思让小男孩开心，由此可知，他和住院的小男孩感情很深。故选B。 3．A.last B．usual C．scary D．challenging 答案　A 解析　根据后面的“the final parting”可知，这是小男孩在这家医院的最后一晚。故选A。 4．A.essential B．accurate C．special D．tolerant 答案　C 解析　他和小男孩有深厚的感情，所以在离别时刻他要做一件特殊的事情。故选C。 5．A.witness B．appreciate C．watch D．explore 答案　C 解析　医生要去街角用自行车灯和他告别，应该是小男孩在窗户那里观察，看能不能看到他。故选C。 6．A.slid B．biked C．drove D．paced 答案　B 解析　根据后面的“flickered(闪烁) his bike light up toward the hospital”可知，医生是骑着自行车去的，向医院方向闪烁自行车灯。故选B。 7．A.signal B．warn C．check D．respond 答案　D 解析　医生朝医院方向闪烁车灯，小男孩看到后，也闪烁自己房间的灯，这是在作出回应，意在告诉医生看到了他闪烁车灯。故选D。 8．A.evident B．important C．probable D．surprising 答案　A 解析　医生看到了孩子用自己房间的灯光作出的回应，就可以清楚地明显地知道了孩子的位置。故选A。 9．A.worked B．changed C．happened D．mattered 答案　A 解析　医生认为，这种和孩子告别的方法起到了作用，是一种很好玩的做法，他想坚持下去，以后也要和别的住院的孩子使用这种方式表示再见。故选A。 10．A.duty B．assignment C．practice D．commitment 答案　C 解析　上一段末句“...I could do it again.”表示，医生认为这种方法很有趣，今后还会这样做，practice意为“习惯做法”，与下文的“tradition”意思相近，符合语境。故选C。 11．A.casual B．trendy C．strange D．fun 答案　D 解析　医生朝医院的方向闪烁自行车灯，小男孩闪烁自己房间的灯对他作出回应，这是很有趣的告别方式。故选D。 12．A.phenomenon B．miracle C．hit D．celebration 答案　C 解析　医生的这一做法激励了很多人，在人群中引发了轰动，很受欢迎，很多人知道了这件事情并加入闪烁灯光的行动中来。故选C。 13．A.only B．even C．nearly D．ever 答案　B 解析　这样一个传统甚至让密歇根以外的人们也争相效仿，程度副词even加深语气，表示递进，符合语境。故选B。 14．A.improves B．spreads C．extends D．accelerates 答案　B 解析　这种做法从“Flint，Michigan”到“beyond Michigan”，这就是一种善意的传播。故选B。 15．A.light B．message C．hope D．sign 答案　A 解析　一开始医生“flickered(闪烁) his bike light up toward the hospital”，后来“customers started joining in with flashlights and cellphones too”，这种做法很简单，就是用一个灯(light) 就可以给生病住院的孩子送去快乐和安慰。故选A。 Ⅲ.语法填空 The Chief Executive Officer of Beijing Aiqi Technology Yang Zhang has revived the Chinese cultural practice of using the mortise and tenon(榫卯) technique for construction which is on the edge of extinction. He used the ancient mortise and tenon technique 1.____________(construct) the Turret of Palace Museum at a 1：81 miniscale.The choice of “Turret of Palace Museum” as the theme for the mini building block project 2.____________(base) on several factors. 3．____________(locate) in the Palace Museum of Beijing，this architectural treasure boasts the most delicate design and elegant shape among Chinese royal buildings.It was historically responsible 4.____________ protecting the palace.The complex layout of the turret posed 5.____________ unprecedented(史无前例的) technical challenge for Zhang and his team of designers and developers.Unlike conventional building block 6.____________(toy)，Zhang aimed to create a model made 7.____________(entire) of authentic mortise and tenon components.The entire process of design took nearly five years，with hundreds of design iterations and continuous adjustments. The mortise and tenon technique,8.____________ is the primary construction method used in ancient Chinese architecture and represents the core of 9.____________(tradition) Chinese woodworking，is gaining increasing 10.________(recognize) among the public. 语篇解读　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了北京爱其科技首席执行官张洋复兴了中国文化中濒临消失的榫卯建筑技术。 1．答案　to construct 解析　考查非谓语动词。use...to do...是固定搭配，意为“用……做……”，其中不定式作目的状语。故填to construct。 2．答案　was based 解析　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，base...on...(以……为基础)是句中谓语动词，与主语The choice之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；此句描述过去发生的事情，应使用一般过去时态；主语The choice为单数。故填was based。 3．答案　Located 解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，句中已有谓语动词boasts，此处应用非谓语动词，locate与其逻辑主语this architectural treasure之间是被动关系，应用过去分词；位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Located。 4．答案　for 解析　考查介词。be responsible for...是固定短语，意为“对……负责”。故填for。 5．答案　an 解析　考查冠词。可数名词challenge在句中表示“一个挑战”，为泛指；unprecedented发音以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。 6．答案　toys 解析　考查名词的复数。可数名词toy在句中作介词Unlike的宾语，此处泛指“积木玩具”，用复数形式。故填toys。 7．答案　entirely 解析　考查副词。此处修饰动词made，应用副词作状语。故填entirely。 8．答案　which 解析　考查定语从句。分析句子可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为The mortise and tenon technique，指物，在定语从句中作主语，应使用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。 9．答案　traditional 解析　考查形容词。修饰名词Chinese woodworking，应用形容词作定语。故填traditional。 10．答案　recognition 解析　考查名词。空处作gaining的宾语，应用名词recognition，意为“认可”，是不可数名词。故填recognition。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $