UNIT 9 Section Ⅴ LESSON 3 THE SECRETS OF YOUR MEMORY-【优学精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第三册教用课件（北师大版）

该高中英语课件围绕“记忆的秘密”展开，涵盖童年记忆、照相记忆、遗忘曲线及年龄与记忆关系等核心知识。通过Pre-reading问题引发思考，While-reading的主旨、细节、结构题搭建理解支架，Post-reading的长难句分析和讨论深化认知，形成从感知到应用的学习脉络。 其亮点在于融合语言能力、思维品质与学习能力培养，通过语法解析（如定语从句、表语从句）和词汇“练透”“写美”练习提升语言运用，结合遗忘曲线、案例分析（如Daniel Tammet记圆周率）培养逻辑思维，“spaced review”等技巧指导科学学习。学生能巩固知识并掌握方法，教师可借检测题精准评估教学效果。

Section Ⅴ LESSON 3　THE SECRETS OF YOUR MEMORY 目 录 01 篇章助解·释疑难 02 文本透析·剖语篇 03 核心知识·巧突破 04 课时检测·提能力 篇章助解·释疑难 目 录 　　Memory expert Jemima Gryaznov answers some of the most common ①questions about memory. 　　1 Why can I remember events in my childhood② but not what happened last week？ 　　[1]We remember things that have strong connections in our mind， especially emotional③connections.Childhood memories are often very emotional.[2]This is because when we experience things for the first time， we often have strong feelings of fear or excitement④.Also， 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） interesting or funny stories from our childhood are often told again and again⑤.As a result⑥， we remember them much better， as retelling events helps fix⑦ experiences in our memories.What can we learn from all this？ When remembering something new， try to connect it to our emotions.It is important to connect it with what we already know.[3]Also， we can try to retell what we have learnt to a few others. 　　[1]句中that引导定语从句，修饰先行词things。 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） 　　[2]This is because ...意为“这是因为……”， because引导表语 从句；for the first time意为“首次；第一次”，在句中作状语，引导 时间状语从句。 　　[3]句中what引导宾语从句。 ①common adj.共同的；普通的；一般的；通常的 ②childhood n.童年，儿童时代 ③emotional adj.情感上的；情绪上的 emotion n.情感；情绪 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） ④excitement n.兴奋，激动 excite v.使兴奋 excited adj.兴奋的；激动的 exciting adj.令人兴奋的；使人激动的 ⑤again and again 再三地，反复地 ⑥as a result 作为结果 ⑦fix v.（使）固定；确定（价格、日期等）；维修；安排 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） 　　2 Do some people really have a photographic⑧ memory？ 　　[4]A person with a photographic memory could remember every detail of a picture， a book or an event many years later， but no one has proved that there are people who really have photographic memories.Yet， there are some people who do have amazing⑨ memories.For example， Daniel Tammet can remember the first 22，514 digits⑩of pi（π） and Stephen Wiltshire can draw a detailed picture of a city from memory after flying over it in a helicopter⑪.They are both good at remembering particular things for a limited⑫time.As most of us 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） do not have amazing memories like them， when memorising detailed learning materials， we simply need to focus on the important ideas and be curious about what we learn.[5]Asking questions about what we learn also helps with memorisation.[6]Another effective technique⑬ to remember things is to group similar ideas or information together so that they can be easily connected to things that are already known. 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） 　　[4]句中that引导宾语从句；who引导定语从句，修饰先行词 people。 　　[5]句中动词-ing短语Asking questions作主语，其中what引导宾 语从句。 　　[6]句中to group similar ideas or information together 为动词不定 式作表语；本句中含有so that引导的目的状语从句，意为“以至 于”；句中的第二个that引导定语从句，修饰先行词things。 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） ⑧photographic adj.详细准确的；照片的；摄影的 ⑨amazing adj.令人惊异的 ⑩digit n.（0～9的任何一个）数字 ⑪ helicopter n.直升机 ⑫ limited adj.有限的 ⑬ effective technique 有效的方法 effective adj.有效的，起作用的；实际的 technique n.技巧，手法 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） 　　3 Why do I forget the new words that I learnt yesterday？ 　　Don’t worry.This is natural for many people.[7]In 1885， Hermann Ebbinghaus published⑭a book called Memory and presented a famous forgetting curve⑮.According to⑯him， the sharpest⑰ loss of memory occurs⑱during the very early period after learning.This means timely⑲ review during this period， with a few revisits to what is learnt， can significantly⑳ help us to remember the information.Therefore， one of the golden rules㉑to increase how much we remember is to review the material periodically㉒， especially during the first day after 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） learning.[8]This “spaced review” soon after learning helps build stronger memories and it is more effective than waiting to review everything before exams. 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） 　　Definitely not.Our memory reaches its full power at the age of 25.At that point， we can remember up to 200 pieces of information in a second.After this age， however， the brain starts to get smaller.By the age of 40，we lose 10，000 brain cells㉓every day.[9]By middle age， our memory is significantly worse than when we were young.So take it easy㉔.You are at a good age in terms of your memory.Make good use of it！ 　　4 I’m 16， but I sometimes forget things.Is my memory getting worse？ 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） 　　[7]句中called Memory为动词-ed短语作定语，修饰名词a book。 　　[8]句中more effective than为形容词的比较级。 　　[9]句中when引导时间状语从句，意为“当……的时候”。 ⑭ publish vt.& vi.出版；发表；刊登 ⑮ curve n.曲线，弧线 ⑯ according to 根据，按照 ⑰ sharp adj.急剧的，猛烈的；尖的，锋利的 ⑱ occur vi.发生；出现；存在 it occur to sb ...某人突然想到…… 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） ⑲ timely adj.适时的，及时的 ⑳ significantly adv.显著地；相当数量地 significant adj.重大的；有意义的 significance n.意义；重要性 ㉑the golden rule黄金法则 ㉒periodically adv.定期地 ㉓ cell n.细胞 ㉔ take it easy放轻松 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） 参考译文 　　记忆专家杰迈玛·格里耶兹诺夫回答了一些关于记忆的最常见的 问题。 　　1. 为什么我记得童年时期的一些事却不记得上周发生的事情？ 　　我们会记住与头脑中有较强关联的事情，特别是情感联系。童年 记忆往往非常感性。这是因为当我们第一次经历事物时，常常会产生 强烈的恐惧感或兴奋感。除此之外，我们童年时代有趣或好笑的故事 总是讲了又讲。重复事件能加强我们对事件的印象，因此我们能更好 地记住这些经历。我们从中可以得到什么启发呢？当记忆新内容时， 试着把它和我们的情感建立联系。把它与我们已知的联系起来是很重 要的。同时，还可以试着把新学的内容讲述给另外的人。 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） 　　2. 真的有人有照相记忆能力吗？ 　　拥有照相记忆能力的人多年后仍然可以记住某一张图片、 某本书 或某个事件的每一个细节，但没有人能证明真有哪个人有照相记忆能 力。然而，的确有些人记忆力惊人。例如，丹尼尔·塔梅可以记住圆 周率的前22，514位数，而斯蒂芬·威尔夏可以坐直升机俯瞰一个城 市，而后凭记忆画出这个城市的详细图片。他们都善于在有限的时间 内记住特定的事物。大多数人并不具有像他们那样惊人的记忆力，因 此我们在尝试记学习内容的细节时，只需要把注意力放到重要方面， 并对所学内容保持好奇。对所学内容提出问题也能帮助记忆。另外一 种有效的记忆方法是给相似的内容或信息分类，这样这些内容就更容 易与已有知识建立联系。 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） 　　3. 为什么我会忘记昨天学的新词？ 　　别担心。这对许多人来说是很正常的。1885 年，赫尔曼·艾宾浩 斯出版了一本名为《关于记忆》的书，并提出了著名的遗忘曲线。根 据他的说法，最显著的遗忘出现在学习之后的最初阶段。这意味着在 这一阶段及时复习，多次回顾所学内容，可以极大 地帮助我们记住这些内容。因此，提升我们记忆效 果的一个黄金法则就是经常复习， 特别是在学完之 后的第一天。这种学习后立即进行“定时复习”有 助于提升记忆，而且比等到考试前再复习全部内容 有效的多。 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） 　　4. 我16岁，但有时会忘记事情。我的记忆力是在变差吗？ 　　当然不是。我们的记忆在25岁时达到顶峰。此时，我们可以在一 秒钟内记住多达200条信息。然而，此后大脑就开始变小。到了40 岁，我们每天会损失10，000个脑细胞。到了中年，我们的记忆力会 明显比年轻的时候差。所以放轻松，不要紧张。你正处在记忆力上佳 的年龄，要充分利用这一点！ 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） 文本透析·剖语篇 目 录 Step One：Pre-reading Does age play a role in the human’s brain ability to store and recall information？Is there any special food that helps memory？ Answers may vary. Answers may vary. 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） Step Two：While-reading 　　 Ⅰ.Read for the main idea Read the passage quickly and choose the best answer. 　What’s the main idea of the text？（　　） A. The kinds of memory. B. The secrets of memory. C. Some questions about memory. D. The ways to improve memory. √ 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） Ⅱ.Read for details Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers. 1. When remembering something new， try to connect it to  　　　　. （　　） A. our knowledge B. our experience C. our emotions D. our thoughts √ 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） 2. Who can remember the first 22，514 digits of pi（π）？（　　） A. Stephen Wiltshire. B. Daniel Tammet. C. Jemima Gryaznov. D. Hermann Ebbinghaus. √ 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） 3. When does the sharpest loss of memory occur？（　　） A. During the very early period after learning. B. During the first three days after learning. C. During the first week after learning. D. During the first hour after learning. 4. How many brain cells do we lose by the age of 40？（　　） A. 1，000. B. 100，000. C. 1000，000. D. 10，000. √ √ 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） Ⅲ.Read for the structure 　Read the passage again and fill in the blanks. 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） Step Three：Post-reading Ⅰ.长难句分析 1. A person with a photographic memory could remember every detail of a picture， a book or an event many years later， but no one has proved that there are people who really have photographic memories. 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） 句式分析： 自主翻译： 　拥有照相记忆能力的人多年后仍然可以记住某一张图 片、 某本书或某个事件的每一个细节，但没有人能证明真有哪个人有 照相记忆能力。　 拥有照相记忆能力的人多年后仍然可以记住某一张图 片、 某本书或某个事件的每一个细节，但没有人能证明真有哪个人有 照相记忆能力。　 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） 2. Another effective technique to remember things is to group similar ideas or information together so that they can be easily connected to things that are already known. 句式分析： 自主翻译： 　另外一种有效的记忆方法是给相似的内容或信息分类， 这样这些内容就更容易与已有知识建立联系。　 另外一种有效的记忆方法是给相似的内容或信息分类， 这样这些内容就更容易与已有知识建立联系。　 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） Ⅱ.讨论 1. Why are childhood memories often very emotional？ Because when we experience things for the first time，we often have strong feelings of fear or excitement. 2. Are there any answers given by Jemima Gryaznov that are not convincing to you？ What are your doubts？ The answers he gave were so convincing that I didn’t have any questions. Because when we experience things for the first time，we often have strong feelings of fear or excitement. The answers he gave were so convincing that I didn’t have any questions. 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） 核心知识·巧突破 目 录 核心词汇集释 1. arrangement n.计划；安排 教材原句　facts and arrangements 事实和安排 （1）make arrangements for ... 为……做安排 （2）arrange vi.　　　　　安排；筹备 vt.　　整理，布置 arrange to do sth　　安排做某事 arrange for sb/sth to do sth　　安排某人/某物做某事 【用法】 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） 【佳句】　If you are interested， please sign up at the office before 5： 00 pm next Thursday so that we will make necessary arrangements.　 （告知信） 如果你感兴趣，请在下周四下午5点前到办公室报名，以便我们做些 必要的安排。 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①For his birthday， Tom’s parents made a surprise  　arrangement　 （arrange） to take him to the zoo. ②The staff will be happy to help arrange  　for　 you to swim， sail， or water-ski. arrangement　 for　 【写美】　完成句子 ③（2024·新课标Ⅰ卷） 　We arranged to meet　 at the same taxi stop where we first met.　（动作描写） 我们约定在我们第一次见面的同一个出租车站见面。 We arranged to meet　 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） 2. excitement n.兴奋，激动 教材原句　This is because when we experience things for the first time， we often have strong feelings of fear or excitement.这是因为当我们第一 次经历事物时，常常会产生强烈的恐惧感或兴奋感。 【用法】 （1）to one’s excitement　　　令某人兴奋的是 in excitement＝excitedly　　兴奋地 （2）excite vt.　　使激动，使兴奋 excited adj.　　兴奋的，激动的 exciting adj.　　令人兴奋的 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） 【佳句】　She told Mr Jackson in excitement that she read in the newspaper of a doctor who could operate on his eyes.　（动作描写） 她兴奋地告诉杰克逊先生，她在报纸上看到一位能给他的眼睛做手术 的医生。 【助记】　The children were excited about the exciting games. They screamed with excitement. 孩子们对激动人心的游戏感到兴奋。他们兴奋得尖叫起来。 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①The children were filled with  　excitement　 （excite） at the thought of visiting Disneyland. ② 　To　 her excitement， she received a job offer from her dream company. ③The young kids are very  　excited　 to see the  　exciting　 movie Monkey King.（excite） ④When the  　exciting　 news came that an art festival would be held the coming week， all students felt  　excited　. And the  　excitement　 lasted a whole day.（excite） excitement　 To　 excited　 exciting　 exciting　 excited　 excitement　 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） 【写美】　完成句子 ⑤The children were jumping up and down  　in excitement　 when they saw the presents. 孩子们看到礼物时兴奋地跳上跳下。 in excitement　 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） 3. as a result 作为结果 教材原句　As a result， we remember them much better， as retelling events helps fix experiences in our memories.重复事件能加强我们对事 件的印象，因此我们能更好地记住这些经历。 【用法】 （1）as a result　　　作为结果（常位于句首，且常用逗号与句子的 其他成分隔开） as a result of 　　由于……（后接原因） （2）result in　　导致，造成，结果是 result from　　起因于，因……而造成 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） 【佳句】　The growers destroyed this forest.As a result， many species are quickly dying out.　（演讲稿） 种植者毁坏了这里的森林。结果，很多物种正在迅速灭绝。 【练透】　选用上面短语填空 ①His stomachache  　resulted from　 his eating too much. ②When you do something with faith， it will  　result in　 success. ③ 　As a result of　 his illness， he was late for class. resulted from　 result in　 As a result of　 【写美】　 句型转换 ④ 　His eating too much resulted in his stomachache.　（用result in改写 句①） His eating too much resulted in his stomachache.　 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） 4. take it easy 放轻松 教材原句　So take it easy.所以放轻松，不要紧张。 【用法】 take one’s chance　　　碰运气 take one’s time　　慢慢来，不着急 take sb wrong　　误解（曲解）某人的意思 take things easy　　 放松，休息，别过分劳累 take sth seriously　　认真对待某事 take ...for granted　　 认为……理所当然 take ...into account/consideration　　把……考虑在内 take ...by surprise　　使……大吃一惊 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） 【佳句】　Whenever I feel bad， Dad will tell me to take it easy， saying that everything will be all right.　（动作描写） 每当我心情不好的时候，爸爸就会叫我放轻松，说一切都会好的。 You should take the weather into account/consideration before planning the outdoor event. 在计划户外活动之前，你应该考虑天气情况。 【点津】　take it easy常用于建议某人减轻压力或者放松心情，通常 用于朋友之间或者亲密关系中，也可以用于工作场合或者其他需要缓 解紧张气氛的场合。 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①Just take  　it　 easy， maybe spend some time with old friends. ②Professor Smith’s lecture on body language was so important that all of the students took it  　seriously　 （serious）. ③We should be grateful to our parents’ love instead of taking  　it　 for granted. it　 seriously　 it　 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） 【写美】　完成句子 ④My doctor told me to  　take it/things easy　 for a while. 医生让我放松一段时间。 ⑤—I think we sometimes  　take for granted　 the fact that we have food， water， and a place to live in. —You’re right. There are so many people who aren’t as lucky as we are. ——我觉得我们有时理所当然地认为我们有食物、水和居住的地方。 ——你说得对。有那么多人没有我们那么幸运。 take it/things easy　 take for granted　 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） 重点句型解构 1. 句型公式：This is because ...这是因为…… 教材原句　This is because when we experience things for the first time， we often have strong feelings of fear or excitement.这是因为当我们第一 次经历事物时，常常会产生强烈的恐惧感或兴奋感。 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） （1）This/That/It is because ...意为“这/那是因为……”，because 引导表语从句。 （2）This/That is why ...意为“这/那就是为什么……”，why引导 表语从句，表示结果。 （3）The reason why ...is/was that ...意为“……的原因是……”， why引导定语从句并在从句中作状语；that引导表语从句，表示原因。 【用法】 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） 【佳句】　Tom was absent from class.That was because he was locked in his flat. 汤姆没来上课，那是因为他被锁在了公寓里。 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） 【写美】　 一句多译 他想另找份工作，这是因为他再也无法忍受这里的压力了。 → 　The reason why　 he wants to find another job  　is that　 he can’t put up with the pressure here any more. →He wants to find another job；  　this is because　 he can’t put up with the pressure here any more. →He can’t put up with the pressure here any more. 　That’s why he wants to find another job. The reason why　 is that　 this is because　 That’s why 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） 2. 句型公式：状语从句的省略 教材原句　When remembering something new， try to connect it to our emotions. 当记忆新内容时，试着把它和我们的情感建立联系。 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） （1）状语从句省略的条件： ①when， while， though， even if， unless， if， as if等引导的状语 从句中的主语与主句主语一致或从句主语为it时； ②状语从句谓语中含有be动词时。 （2）状语从句省略的形式： 省略从句中的主语和be动词。 【用法】 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） 【佳句】　（2023·新课标Ⅰ卷）Knowing I got the first place in the writing contest， I felt as if on the top of the world.　（心理描写） 得知自己在写作比赛中获得了第一名，我觉得自己好像站在世界 之巅。 【点津】　省略句中的谓语动词如果和主语之间构成逻辑上的主谓关 系，则用动词-ing形式；若构成动宾关系，则用动词-ed形式；若谓语 动词表示尚未发生的动作，则用动词不定式形式。 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） 【写美】　完成句子/句型转换 ①He looked around，  　as if to search for　 something important. 他环顾四周，好像在寻找什么重要的东西。 ② 　When told you are interested in　 Tang poems， I am very delighted. 当被告知你对唐诗感兴趣时，我非常高兴。 ③You must be more careful while you’re doing the experiment. →You must be more careful  　while doing the experiment　. ④If it is possible， try to go to bed and get up at the same time every day. → 　If possible　， try to go to bed and get up at the same time every day. as if to search for　 When told you are interested in　 while doing the experiment　 If possible　 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） 课时检测·提能力 目 录 维度一：品句填词 1. The driver lost control on a  　curve　 （弯曲） and the vehicle hit a tree. 2. Her telephone number differs from mine by one  　digit　 （数字）. 3. Her  　technique　 （技术） has improved a lot over the past season. 4. The tiger opened its mouth and exposed big and  　sharp　 （锋利的） teeth. curve　 digit　 technique　 sharp　 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） 5. Stem cell　 research is supported by many doctors. 6. Women’s magazines just don’t publish　 articles on the harmful effects of smoking. ell　 ublish　 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） 维度二：词形转换 1. He was remembering a story heard in  　childhood　 （child）. 2. Their experiences contrast  　sharply　 （sharp） with those of other children. 3. I’ll make  　arrangements　 （arrange） for you to be met at the airport. 4. Mothers are often the ones who provide  　emotional　 （emotion） support for the family. childhood　 sharply　 arrangements　 emotional　 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） 5. I could feel the  　excitement　 （excite） in the air as the concert was about to begin. 6. They produced a  　photographic　 （photography） record of the event. 7. His  　timely　 （time） advice prevented me from making a costly mistake. 8. A couple of other points about  　memorisation　 （memory） are also very important for language learning. excitement　 photographic　 timely　 memorisation　 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） 维度三：固定搭配和句式 1. When you lose a job opportunity，  　it/that is because　 （那是因 为） it wasn’t the right job for you. 2. I can’t stand people complaining around me  　when working　 （当 工作时）. 3. She could barely sleep  　in excitement　 （激动） the night before her first day at a new job. 4.  　Take it easy　 （放轻松） on your first day of work； you’ll get familiar with it soon. 5. She exercised regularly and maintained a balanced diet， and  　as a result　 （结果）， her health improved significantly. it/that is because　 when working　 in excitement　 Take it easy　 as a result　 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） 维度四：课文语法填空 　　We remember things that have strong connections in our mind， especially 1. 　emotional　 （emotion） connections.Childhood memories are often very emotional.So it is important to connect something new with what we already know.Also，we can try to retell what we have learnt to a few others. emotional　 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） 　　A person with a photographic memory could remember every detail of 2. 　a　 picture，a book or an event many 3. 　years　 （year） later， but no one has proved that there are people 4. 　who　 really have photographic memories.So we simply need to focus on the important ideas and be curious about what we learn when 5. 　memorising　 （memorise） detailed learning materials. a　 years　 who　 memorising　 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） 　　This is natural for many people.The sharpest loss of memory 6. 　occurs　 （occur） during the very early period after learning. Therefore， one of the golden rules to increase how much we remember 7. 　is　 （be） to review the material 8. 　periodically　 （periodical），especially during the first day after learning. 　　Our memory reaches its full power 9. 　at　 the age of 25.After this age，however，the brain starts to get smaller.By middle age，our memory is significantly 10. 　worse　 （bad） than when we were young. occurs　 is　 periodically　 at　 worse　 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） Ⅰ.阅读理解 A 　　（2025·重庆八中检测）Deep down， everyone wants to be understood.The study of children aged 3 to 12 years old was led by Seyda Özcaliskan， a psychological scientist at Georgia State University， whose research tries to understand how language affects the way people construct and express ideas， which can be seen in gestures. 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） 　　As one kind of non-verbal communication， gestures may indicate how someone is feeling and could perhaps reveal insights into children’s cognitive abilities as they develop， so Özcaliskan thinks. 　　In this latest study， 100 children were asked first to describe an action with words and hand movements， and then to describe the same action without speaking using only their hands.Half the children were native English speakers， and the other 50 kids spoke Turkish as their first language.English and Turkish make for a good comparison because they differ in terms of how speakers of each language describe events. 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） 　　“If you’re speaking Turkish and want to describe someone running into a house， you have to chunk it up.You say， ‘he’s running and then he enters the house，’” explains Özcaliskan.“But if it’s in English， they’ll just say ‘he ran into the house，’ all in one compact sentence.” “We wanted to find out whether gesture does or does not follow these linguistic （语言的） differences and how early children learn these patterns，” she adds. 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） 　　When children spoke and gestured at the same time， Turkish- speaking children ordered their gestures the same as they would a sentence， and English-speaking children pressed theirs into one movement.However， when describing the same scenes without speaking， the language-specific differences in gestures had seemingly evaporated （蒸发）， which echoes Özcaliskan earlier work with adults and further proves that language can influence non-verbal representations of events. 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） 　　Özcaliskan and colleagues suggest their findings， although tentative （尝试性的）， hint at the possibility that we all share some fundamental non-verbal communication system that gets overridden once we start learning language.Of course， this research interpreted abstract gestures from a few hundred subjects — hardly enough data to support such a big claim， but certainly an inviting idea to explore. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章通过对比不同语言背景儿童的 手势表达，探索了语言如何影响非言语沟通及认知发展。 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章通过对比不同语言背景儿童的 手势表达，探索了语言如何影响非言语沟通及认知发展。 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） 1. Why did the study employ children of different native languages？ （　　） A. To test linguistic influences on non-verbal expression. B. To uncover the universal meaning of a specific gesture. C. To recognize how speakers of each language describe events. D. To prove the same gesture has different meanings in distinct cultures. 解析：　细节理解题。根据第一段第二句和第三段最后一句可 知，选择不同母语的孩子的目的是测试这些语言差异是否会影响 非言语表达。 √ 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） 2. What does the phrase “chunk it up” in paragraph 4 mean？（　　） A. Cut it out. B. Join it up. C. Break it down. D. Pair it off. 解析：　词义猜测题。根据画线短语所在句及下句可知，土耳其语 描述某人跑进一所房子时，会将句子分解成“他在跑”，然后“他进 入了房子”两个部分进行表述。由此推断，画线短语意为“分解”。 √ 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） 3. What does Özcaliskan think of their findings？（　　） A. Conclusive. B. Worthwhile. C. Pioneering. D. Groundless. 解析：　推理判断题。根据尾段尾句可知，这项研究尽管不足以支 持如此重大的论断，但确实是一个值得探索的有趣想法。由此推断， Özcaliskan认为这项研究是值得的。 √ 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） 4. Which of the following sentences best summarize the new findings？ （　　） A. Gestures influence human linguistic development. B. Non-verbal communication conveys more than words. C. A shared non-verbal communication system might exist. D. Cultural settings decide the way people construct their ideas. √ 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） 解析：　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段最后一句以及尾段首句可 知，研究发现当孩子们不说话仅用手势描述同一场景时，语言特有的 手势差异似乎消失了。C项（可能存在一种共享的非言语交流系统） 总结了新的研究发现。 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） B 　　（2025·山东名校联盟期中）In a 2012 study， Boaz Keysar， a professor at the University of Chicago in the US， led an experiment on the relationship between foreign languages and people’s way of thinking. 　　In the experiment， people were asked to make a choice： Just take one pound or take a 50-percent chance of winning 2.50 pounds.When given this choice in their native language， most people took the safe option of only getting one pound.But they were more willing to make the riskier choice when asked in a foreign language， leading to more profits overall， according to The Guardian.As Keysar put it， “People just hate the chance of losing， but they hate it less in a foreign language.” 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） 　　In another study published this year， Keysar and his team did an experiment in which participants were given a series of related words like “dream”， “snooze”， “bed” and “rest”.Later， when asked which words they remembered hearing， people were more likely to mistakenly remember “sleep”， which was not on the list， in their native language.But it was much less likely to happen if they did the test in a foreign language.As Keysar explained， people have more careful thinking when using a foreign language， leading to more accurate memories. 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） 　　The foreign language effect may even influence our personality.Silvia Purpuri at the University of Trento， Italy， looked at people’s willingness to face uncertainty and enter unfamiliar situations.Being tolerant （宽容的） of uncertainty allows people to have more creative ideas and be more open to new things.It turns out that people naturally score more highly on this trait （特点） when they can speak or use a foreign language because speaking a foreign language requires taking risks. 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） 　　The evidence is clear： By learning a foreign language， you’re not just learning a language — you’re gaining a new state of mind. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，外语对于人们思维方式 有影响。 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，外语对于人们思维方式 有影响。 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） 5. What does the first experiment suggest？（　　） A. People like expressing in a foreign language. B. People are afraid of losing in face of money. C. People make quick choices in their native language. D. People prefer riskier decisions in a foreign language. 解析：　推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句可推知，人们在外语环 境下更愿意冒险。 √ 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） 6. Which of the following best explains “accurate” underlined in paragraph 3？（　　） A. Colorful. B. Simple. C. Usual. D. Exact. 解析：　词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句的前半句可知，人们在使 用外语时思考会更加仔细，因此也就会有更加准确的记忆。画线词意 为“准确的”。 √ 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） 7. Willingness to face uncertainty makes people 　　　.（　　） A. cool-headed B. open-minded C. light-hearted D. easy-going 解析：　推理判断题。根据第四段第三句可推知，乐意接受不确定 性会使人们有更多创造性的想法，也更愿意接受新事物，也就是使人 思维开放。 √ 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） 8. What is the main idea of this text？（　　） A. Learning foreign languages helps a lot. B. People should learn to face uncertainty. C. Foreign languages influence how people think. D. Personality has an effect on language learning. 解析：　主旨大意题。根据文章内容，尤其是第一段可知，本文研 究了外语对人们思维方式的影响。 √ 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） Ⅱ.完形填空 　　（2025·成都实验外国语学校检测）I sat alone in the laboratory， staring at the blank wall.“It doesn’t work no matter what I do！” I thought with  　9　.I had spent the past 10 months  　10　 my experiment by slightly adjusting my experimental method in various ways.But the results still remained  　11　.With a progress report deadline approaching  　12　 about my academic path arose. 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） 　　New to the research area， I  　13　 the complex research content.Besides， moving from India to Germany and personal  　14　， such as language barriers and cultural adjustments，  　15　 my stress. 　　A breakthrough finally came when a friend  　16　 a totally different method.Skeptical yet hopeful， I gave it a try， and surprisingly， the suggestion worked.Energized by this  　17　， I reflected on my journey.I realized instead of blindly pursuing all original experiments， I should  　18　 understanding why I failed. 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） 　　Presenting my results at a large scientific conference， I expected little from a poster on failed experiments.Yet， it received considerable  　19　.Many researchers came up to me to discuss it， sharing their own failures.My poster won an award at the conference， which  　20　 me to explore the problem in more detail.Eventually， I got it published. 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） 　　The journey reshaped my approach to research and toughened me as a scientist.I developed  　21　 thinking strategies and mastered experimental techniques.I hadn’t known before those failures.Now， when teaching students， I  　22　 the troubleshooting （故障排除） method and teach them that there is a  　23　 to be learned in negative results. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在实验不断失 败后是如何调整心态，并最终获得成功的故事。 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在实验不断失 败后是如何调整心态，并最终获得成功的故事。 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） 9. A. depression B. amazement C. hesitation D. astonishment 解析：　根据上文可知，实验不顺利，作者很沮丧。 10. A. sharing B. comparing C. creating D. repeating 解析：　根据空后的adjusting my experimental method in various ways 可知，作者一直重复实验。 √ √ 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） 11. A. dramatic B. original C. disappointing D. fundamental 解析：　根据句首表示转折的But，以及实验失败可知，结果仍然令 人失望。 12. A. confidence B. imagination C. tiredness D. doubt 解析：　根据空后的about my academic path arose以及上文作者花费 了10个月重复实验还是失败可知，作者开始对学术道路产生怀疑。 √ √ 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） 13. A. set aside B. struggled with C. figured out D. took over 解析：　根据空后的the complex research content以及下句中的such as language barriers and cultural adjustments可知，作者在研究领域被复杂 的研究内容所困扰，下文补充说明了其他挑战。 14. A. challenges B. growth C. development D. relationships 解析：　空后的such as language barriers and cultural adjustments指面 临的个人挑战。 √ √ 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） 15. A. increased B. relieved C. controlled D. swept 解析：　根据空前的such as language barriers and cultural adjustments 可知，个人挑战增加了作者的压力。 16. A. employed B. preferred C. presented D. suspected 解析：　根据空后的a totally different method可知，朋友提出不同的 方法。 √ √ 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） 17. A. passion B. success C. curiosity D. sincerity 解析：　根据上句可知，建议让作者取得了成功。 18. A. get over B. put off C. focus on D. dream of 解析：　根据空后的understanding why I failed可知，作者领悟到应 该专注于理解自己失败的原因。 √ √ 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） 19. A. gratitude B. apology C. inquiry D. attention 解析：　根据下句可知，得到了很多关注。 20. A. instructed B. convinced C. appointed D. encouraged 解析：　根据空后的me to explore the problem in more detail可知，海 报获奖鼓励作者更详细地探讨问题。 √ √ 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） 21. A. sensible B. critical C. independent D. quick 解析：　本段末句中的to be learned in negative results提到从消极结 果中吸取教训可知，是发展了批判性思维策略。 22. A. ignore B. assess C. stress D. improve 解析：　根据空后的the troubleshooting （故障排除） method可知， 作者强调排除故障的方法。 √ √ 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） 23. A. lesson B. rule C. manner D. routine 解析：根据本段首句可知，作者教学生从消极的结果中吸取教训。 √ 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） Ⅲ.语法填空 　　（2025·吉林市一中检测）Pinyin is 24. 　　　　　　 effective Romanization system used to learn Mandarin （普通话）.It describes the sounds of Mandarin using the Western （Roman） alphabet （字母表） commonly， Pinyin is used for 25. 　　　　　　 （teach） school children to read.And it is also 26. 　　　　　　 （wide） used in teaching Westerners who wish to learn Mandarin. 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） 　　Pinyin was developed in the 1950s and is now the official Romanization system of China， Singapore， and the American Library Association.Library standards make it 27. 　　　 （easy） to find Chinese language materials than before.A worldwide standard also helps the exchange of information between organizations in various 28. 　　　　 （country）. 　　Learning Pinyin is important.Pinyin provides a comfortable base 29. 　　　　　　 anyone trying to learn Mandarin： it looks familiar.It offers a way 30. 　　　　　　 （read） Chinese without using Chinese characters — a major 31. 　　　　　　 （difficult） for foreigners who want to learn Mandarin. 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） 　　Pinyin is not perfect.It uses many letter combinations 32. 　　　　　　 are unknown in English and other Western languages.Anyone who has not studied Pinyin is likely to mispronounce the spellings.Although there are some disadvantages of Pinyin， 33. 　　　　　　 is best to have a single system of Romanization for the Mandarin language. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了汉语拼音。 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了汉语拼音。 24. an　考查冠词。system为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且effective的 发音以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） 25. teaching　考查非谓语动词。介词for后接动词-ing形式teaching， 作宾语。 26. widely　考查副词。空处修饰动词is used，应用副词widely作 状语。 27. easier　考查形容词比较级。空处应用形容词作宾语补语，结合下 文的than before可知，应用形容词比较级easier。 28. countries　考查名词复数。空处应用名词作宾语，结合various可 知，应用名词复数形式countries。 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） 29. to/for　考查介词。provide sth to/for sb为固定搭配，意为“提供某 物给某人”。 30. to read　考查非谓语动词。空处修饰名词way应用动词不定式作后 置定语。 31. difficulty　考查名词。不定冠词a修饰单数可数名词，空处应用名 词difficulty。 32. that/which　考查关系代词。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词many letter combinations，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用that或 which。 33. it　考查代词。此处为It is＋adj.＋to do ...固定句型，it为形式主 语，动词不定式是真正的主语。 目 录 英语·必修第三册（BSD） $