Unit 6 Disaster and hope（单元测试·基础卷）英语外研版必修第三册

2025-2026学年高一必修第三册英语单元测试 Unit 6 · 基础卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：100分钟，满分：120分） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（略）第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A The weather was bad during the latter days of the voyage. A northwest wind was blowing all the time. The Rangoon sailed slowly. The captain thought that she would reach Hong Kong twenty hours behind time. Phileas Fogg stared at the rough sea with his habitual calm. He never changed his expression for an instant, though a delay (延迟的时间) of twenty hours, by making him too late for the Yokohama boat—Carnatic. But this man showed neither impatience nor anger, it seemed as if the storm was a part of his programme. Fix, a detective who had been searching for a bank robber (抢劫犯), viewed the state of things differently. The storm greatly pleased him. Each delay filled him with hope that Fogg had to spend some days in Hong Kong. The weather helped him. Though he felt seasick, his spirit was full of great happiness. Passepartout, Mr. Fogg's servant, was angry beyond expression about the bad weather. Everything had gone so well till now! Did bad things come? Passepartout was very worried about his master's bet. He wanted to know exactly how long the storm was going to last. The sailors advised him to refer to the barometer(晴雨表). He shook it, but with no effect. It seemed to have no desire to rise. On the 4th the sea became calm. Passepartout cheered up! The sails were spread, and the Rangoon sailed at her full speed. The time lost could not, however, be gained again. Carnatic would, of course, be missed. At six o'clock on the morning of the 6th, the pilot went on board and guided the Rangoon through the channels to the port of Hong Kong. Passepartout still wanted to ask him if Carnatic had left for Yokohama; but he dared not. Mr. Fogg, however, did not hesitate to approach the pilot. “Do you know when a ship will leave for Yokohama?” “At high tide tomorrow morning,” answered the pilot. “What is the ship's name?” “The ‘Carnatic’.” “Ought she not to have gone yesterday?” “Yes, sir, but one of her boilers(锅炉)needs repairing.” Mr. Fogg looked calm as usual, but Passepartout held the pilot's hand firmly, “Pilot, you are the best!” 21.Fix was greatly satisfied with the storm because________. A. the experience in the storm made him pleased mentally B. the delay provided him with more days to look into Fogg C. it wasn't likely that the bank robber got in touch with Fogg D. he was used to looking at things from different points of view 22.According to Paragraph 4, a barometer ______. A. fails to work in a storm B. rises with a sudden shake C. makes a storm last longer D. shows a change in the weather 23.Why could Phileas Fogg and his servant catch Carnatic finally? A. There was something wrong with a boiler of Carnatic. B. The pilot had arranged for Carnatic to wait for them. C. They took the storm and the delay into consideration. D. The weather turned fine and they arrived in advance. B Many years ago, there lived a poor fisherman. His only companion was his dog. They might be seen walking on the white sandy beach. The dog was always beside his master as the fisherman made his little boat ready to sail. When the man pulled out to sea each morning, the dog would run up on the high ridge(山岭). There he would sit and watch all day. The dog never moved until late afternoon when he saw the little boat return. Then he would race back to the shore to greet his master. As the years went by, the fisherman grew older. So did the faithful dog. The fisherman still went out to sea. The dog still watched for his return, sitting on the high ridge. One early morning in September, the fisherman was getting his little boat ready. All at once the dog began to bark. He circled around the fisherman and tugged at his trousers. The fisherman could not remember when he had seen his dog act so strangely. He patted the dog’s back, thinking the dog wanted to play. But nothing made any difference. Then the man climbed into the boat and sailed away. The dog went to his watching place, still barking. There were other fishing boats out that morning. Suddenly the soft wind changed. It began to blow wildly. The fisherman’s boat was seized by the wind and whirled around(随风旋转). The sky darkened. Rain began to fall. “It’s a hurricane!” said the fisherman. The man thought of his dog at once. Had the dog left the ridge and run home? Or was he still sitting there? The fisherman tried to drive his boat and turn it toward the shore. Suddenly a great wave swept over his head and tossed the boat away(卷走). The next morning, the hurricane was over. The families of the other fishermen ran to the shore. They watched for the return of the boats. They waited and waited, but no one returned. Then the people went slowly back to their homes and started a new life. As they rebuilt their village, no one gave a thought to the fisherman’s dog. Several months later, a group of villagers was out gathering sea grapes(海葡萄). They noticed what appeared to be the figure of a dog sitting high on the ridge. “Look” said one. “Isn’t that the old fisherman’s dog?” “How could it be, after all this time?” said another. When the man reached the spot, he found only a rock—shaped like a dog. But as soon as the people looked up again, they saw the stone dog. He just sat there on top of the ridge, waiting, waiting. . . 24. Why did the dog run up to the high ridge when the fisherman pulled out to sea every morning? A. Because he didn’t want to go home alone. B. Because he didn’t like walking on the white sandy beach. C. Because he waited for his master on the high ridge. D. Because he wanted to exercise on the high ridge. 25. The fourth paragraph mainly tells us ______.   A. the reason why the dog acted so strangely B. the situation that the fisherman was getting ready C. the relationship between the fisherman and the dog D. the reason that the fisherman didn’t want to play with the dog 26. What does the underlined word “figure” in paragraph 8 mean? A. gift　　　B. shape　　　C. price　　　D. number 27. What is the best title of the passage? A. The Stone Dog B. The Terrible Hurricane C. The Stony Ridge D. The Little Stone C Writing is simple, but it moves the brain in a strong way. When we send a quick text or keep a small diary, we let feelings out and then step back to look at them. This move — from too much feeling to clear thought — is a basic form of resilience (心理韧性). Resilience is often called a skill we can grow with hard work. Psychologists say it is the steps we take to face trouble, while news stories cheer people who win against pain by never giving up. The wellness trade also tells us that always trying to be better will give us this power. Yet these loud ideas may miss the quiet help we get from simple acts like writing. Studies show that writing helps us deal with hard moments. In the 1980s, doctor James Pennebaker gave the world expressive writing, a way that asks people to write about upset events. When we put pain into words, we drop some of the weight inside and build a small safe place. Writing lets the brain treat sad memories. This power comes from how the brain does its job. Writing asks us to bring back memories, line up thoughts, and turn them into clear words. These steps light up parts that hold memory, make choices, and move the hand. Because of this, writing helps short-term memories lock in place, so they feel steady (稳定的) and easy to find later. This joining lets us look at the past in a new way and calm our feelings. Brain imaging studies also show that writing down feelings quiets the amygdala (杏仁核), the spot that fires up fear, and wakes the prefrontal cortex (大脑皮层), the spot that plans and solves. Even a small job like writing a to-do list can bring back focus by using these same brain parts. Writing also helps us find sense in life. It is not just a tool to talk to others; it is a way to think that builds who we are. While loud tales often paint resilience as rare and great, daily writing acts — from a warm message to a sticky note — prove that we build the resilience in quiet, common steps of fitting in and moving on. 28. What can be inferred from paragraph 2? A. A common meaning of resilience. B. The limit of popular views on resilience. C. How writing helps us grow. D. The media’s praise for determined individuals. 29. How does expressive writing help people? A. By removing painful memories completely. B. By encouraging people to avoid difficulties. C. By furthering constant self-improvement. D. By making stressful events easier to handle. 30. What is the function of writing in terms of brain processes? A. It prevents the amygdala from being activated. B. It changes short memories into steady ones. C. It values emotional feelings over logical thinking. D. It separates decision-making from movement control. 31. What does the author stress about resilience in the last paragraph? A. It can be developed in common daily practices. B. It is mainly built through personal stories. C. It depends on professional methods. D. It is a quality for overcoming difficulties. D A new study by developmental scientists at Northwestern University and Harvard University offers the first proof that babies as young as 15 months can identify an object they have learned about from listening to language — even if the object remains hidden. The researchers studied 134 babies, 67 at 12 months and 67 at 15 months in a three-part task. The babies played on the floor while often listening to parents talk about grapes in a conversation about more familiar fruits like apples and bananas. A week later, the researchers presented babies with words they understand, paired with an image of the object, such as apples and bananas, to which it referred. Then, babies heard a new word while the image of a novel object grapes was hidden from their view. Finally, two novel objects grapes and knives appeared and babies were asked, “Where are the grapes?” 15-month-olds, but not 12-month-olds, looked longer at the novel fruit grapes than the novel object knives. Although they had never seen any object paired with that novel word, 15-month-olds could use contextual information to correctly connect new words with unseen objects. “The study shows that even babies who are just beginning to say their first words learn from the language they hear, even if the objects or events being discussed are not present,” senior author Sandra Waxman said. The study provides new information for the developmental origins of the human ability to learn about things that are not perceived (感知). It also begins to address how, and how early, the human mind can create ideas of objects and events never experienced directly. This new work stresses the power of language in babies’ daily lives. The results of the study show that by 15 months, babies naturally use the linguistic (语言的) context in which a new word appears to build a point of its meaning that will support later learning. “When babies hear new words like grapes in a conversation when there are no grapes around, parents don’t waste the opportunity to home in on its meaning,” Waxman said. “We now know this is beneficial to babies’ language learning.” 32. What does the new study focus on? A. What language 15-month-olds can learn. B. How babies practice their learned words. C. Why babies prefer listening to language about objects. D. Whether conversational context helps babies recognize objects. 33. How was the study carried out? A. By measuring babies’ brain waves. B. By comparing babies’ reactions. C. By monitoring babies’ pronunciation. D. By interviewing babies’ parents. 34. What is Waxman’s attitude toward the study results? A. Debatable. B. Doubtful. C. Positive. D. Uncaring. 35. What is the last paragraph mainly about? A. Practical value of the findings. B. Methods of on-site testing. C. Future direction for the study. D. Disadvantages of the study. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 On 10 April 1912, an amazing, imposing new ocean liner steamed out of Southampton Harbour. 　36　 She was the largest ship in the world at that time, and the most luxurious. Her passengers included some of the wealthiest people in the world. Everyone agreed this beautiful new ship was the best liner in existence—in fact, she was said to be unsinkable.   The ship’s crew had absolute confidence in her. When, four days later, Captain Edward Smith gave his radio-men the order to transmit the international distress signal, SOS, they thought he was joking. He wasn’t. At 2: 20 a. m. on 15 April 1912, the Titanic sank beneath the freezing waters of the Atlantic. 　37　  It is still one of the biggest peacetime maritime tragedies in history. On 14 April 2012, a passenger ship stopped in the North Atlantic. 　38　 It was cold and dark. 1, 300 passengers stood on deck as a memorial service held for the people who died there. After hymns and prayers, two wreaths of flowers were thrown into the freezing water.   The story of the Titanic has touched and fascinated people for over a century. Mistakes were made that added up to disaster. 　39　 There are records of generosity and courage that saved lives when so many others were lost. Millionaire Benjamin Guggenheim was offered one of the few places in a lifeboat, but said it should be given to a woman or a child, and chose instead to dress for dinner. Someone overheard him saying “We’ve dressed up in our best and are prepared to go down like gentlemen!”　40　 The pure drama of the scene means that the legend of the Titanic will never be forgotten.   A. For example, the Titanic’s radio room received no fewer than seven ice warnings on the night of the tragedy. B. It was twenty to midnight, the exact time that the Titanic hit the iceberg 100 years before. C. Survivors recalled that the lights stayed on and the orchestra was playing until the moment the huge ship sank into the black water. D. They arrived two hours later, but only 53 people were rescued from the water. E. It was her first voyage and her destination was New York City—across the Atlantic Ocean. F. On that night, over 1, 500 people lost their lives. G. The order to abandon ship was given and hundreds of people plunged into the icy water. 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分） 第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 It all started when we were at school on a Monday. It was after lunch time and we had just finished this week’s maths exam and Stephen, Vivian, Krystal and I were correcting our 　41　 again. We were just getting ready to do English when everything started 　42　. Things were flying everywhere. It was an EARTHQUAKE!   Stephen, Vivian, Krystal and I all 　43　 for cover while everyone else stood there, too 　44　 to move. Even the 　45　 boys in the class didn’t move! It shook like jelly and it was the scariest earthquake ever! A bookshelf fell on the 　46　 of the girls. The heater fell on the boys. It was a disaster! So far, Stephen, Vivian, Krystal and I were the only people 　47　. We were all as scared as if we had seen a 　48　.   The earthquake went for a couple more 　49　 and then we ran into the corridor and checked if anyone was alive. Everyone but us was dead. We went outside and all the 　50　 were wrecked. All except one.   We ran into the house and it was as 　51　 as ice. The disgusting cobwebs(蜘蛛网)touched our skin. It was a nightmare! The house was old and rotten and it 　52　 like really bad body smell. We ran 　53　 and we heard someone shouting. We 　54　 the door. There was a girl in the room. We guessed she was about eight years old. “Help me”, she shouted in a frightened voice, I was just about to help her when I heard my alarm clock ringing. It was just a 　55　!   41. A. answers　 B. composition C. paper D. English 42. A. burning B. flying C. shaking D. completing 43. A. walked B. wandered C. stood D. escaped 44. A. scared B. pleased C. surprised D. interested 45. A. youngest　 B. bravest　 C. tallest　 D. saddest 46. A. top B. bottom C. left D. right 47. A. dead B. alive C. awake D. sleeping 48. A. movie B. play C. stranger D. ghost 49. A. nights B. minutes C. days D. weeks 50. A. schools B. rooms C. houses D. corridors 51. A. cold B. hot C. warm D. cool 52. A. looked B. felt C. smelt D. tasted 53. A. downstairs B. outside C. inside D. upstairs 54. A. opened B. closed C. broke D. locked 55. A. story B. fact C. earthquake D. dream 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Once, three men got 　56　(lose) in the forest. They decided they would stay in the forest until they found　57　(they) way. The next morning, one man went to find some food. Soon, the other two men were 　58　(astonish) to find him back with a deer and asked how he got the deer. The man replied, “I found tracks, and I followed the tracks, and I got a deer.” They both were　59　(slight) confused because he had no weapons. A few days 　60　(late), the second guy went in search 　61　 food and soon came back with a deer too. The other two asked how he managed 　62　(get) the deer. His reply was 　63　 same as the first man's. Then it was the turn of the third guy to search for food. Many hours passed, but the third man 　64　(hold) nothing in his hands came back, with blood on his face. The other two asked him 　65　 had happened. He looked at them and replied, “I found tracks, and I followed the tracks, and I got hit by a train.”  第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 应用文写作（满分15分） 假设你是李华，你们学校的英语网站正面向全校学生征集有关安全指南的英文稿件。请你给该网站投稿，介绍交通事故方面的急救常识。 内容包括： 1．首先保持镇静； 2．检查伤者呼吸情况，呼吸困难要实施人工呼吸； 3．如伤者有出血情况要用布按压止血，然后等候救护车及警察的帮助。 注意：1.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 2．词数80左右。 第二节 读后续写（满分25分） 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。 A tornado(龙卷风) hit a small town nearby, leaving many families completely destroyed. Afterward all the local newspapers carried many human interest stories featuring some of the families who suffered the most difficult period to appeal to people’s attention and assistance. One Sunday, a particular picture especially touched me. A young woman stood in front of a simple mobile home, a depressed expression on her face. A young boy, seven or eight years old, stood at her side, eyes downcast. Hiding behind her skirt was a tiny girl who stared into the camera, wide eyes with confusion and fear. The article that went with the picture gave the clothing size of each family member. With growing interest, I noticed that sizes of the family closely matched ours. This would be a good opportunity to teach my seven-year-old twins, Brad and Brett, and three-year-old Meghan to help those less fortunate than themselves. “We have so much. And these poor people now have nothing,” I said. “We’ll share what we have with them.” I brought three large boxes down from the room upstairs and placed them on the living room floor. Meghan watched seriously, as the boys and I filled one of the boxes with canned goods and foods. While I sorted through our clothes, I encouraged the boys to go through their toys and donate some of their less favorite things. The boys were pleased to join. Brad rose and went to his room fast. He came back bringing his action figures that he played with not so frequently. Brett also jumped up and ran to fetch some of his Matchbox cars and airplane models. Meghan watched quietly as the boys piled up abandoned toys. The boys placed the objects they had chosen to donate into one of the boxes while I filled the third box with clothes. Meghan walked up with Lucy, her worn, faded, best-loved rag doll hugged tightly to her chest. “I’ll help you find something for the little girl, too，” I said to the little Meghan. Paragraph 1： “Mommy, I will give Lucy to them，” Meghan turned to me. Paragraph 2： Recognizing what little Meghan’s gesture meant, I removed my old jacket from the box of clothes. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司8 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年高一必修第三册英语单元测试 Unit 6·基础卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：120分钟，满分：150分） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（略） 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A The weather was bad during the latter days of the voyage. A northwest wind was blowing all the time. The Rangoon sailed slowly. The captain thought that she would reach Hong Kong twenty hours behind time. Phileas Fogg stared at the rough sea with his habitual calm. He never changed his expression for an instant, though a delay (延迟的时间) of twenty hours, by making him too late for the Yokohama boat—Carnatic. But this man showed neither impatience nor anger, it seemed as if the storm was a part of his programme. Fix, a detective who had been searching for a bank robber (抢劫犯), viewed the state of things differently. The storm greatly pleased him. Each delay filled him with hope that Fogg had to spend some days in Hong Kong. The weather helped him. Though he felt seasick, his spirit was full of great happiness. Passepartout, Mr. Fogg's servant, was angry beyond expression about the bad weather. Everything had gone so well till now! Did bad things come? Passepartout was very worried about his master's bet. He wanted to know exactly how long the storm was going to last. The sailors advised him to refer to the barometer(晴雨表). He shook it, but with no effect. It seemed to have no desire to rise. On the 4th the sea became calm. Passepartout cheered up! The sails were spread, and the Rangoon sailed at her full speed. The time lost could not, however, be gained again. Carnatic would, of course, be missed. At six o'clock on the morning of the 6th, the pilot went on board and guided the Rangoon through the channels to the port of Hong Kong. Passepartout still wanted to ask him if Carnatic had left for Yokohama; but he dared not. Mr. Fogg, however, did not hesitate to approach the pilot. “Do you know when a ship will leave for Yokohama?” “At high tide tomorrow morning,” answered the pilot. “What is the ship's name?” “The ‘Carnatic’.” “Ought she not to have gone yesterday?” “Yes, sir, but one of her boilers(锅炉)needs repairing.” Mr. Fogg looked calm as usual, but Passepartout held the pilot's hand firmly, “Pilot, you are the best!” 21.Fix was greatly satisfied with the storm because________. A. the experience in the storm made him pleased mentally B. the delay provided him with more days to look into Fogg C. it wasn't likely that the bank robber got in touch with Fogg D. he was used to looking at things from different points of view 22.According to Paragraph 4, a barometer ______. A. fails to work in a storm B. rises with a sudden shake C. makes a storm last longer D. shows a change in the weather 23.Why could Phileas Fogg and his servant catch Carnatic finally? A. There was something wrong with a boiler of Carnatic. B. The pilot had arranged for Carnatic to wait for them. C. They took the storm and the delay into consideration. D. The weather turned fine and they arrived in advance. 【答案及解析】 这是一篇小说节选片段,节选于《八十天环游地球》。文章描述了由于天气不好,轮船Rangoon前进缓慢。船上不同的人有不同的心情。Phileas Fogg很镇定,他的仆人Passepartout却很心烦意乱。侦探Fix想到天气原因会让Phileas Fogg在香港多待几天,有助于他破案而暗自开心。第四天天气好了,轮船Rangoon全速前进,于第六天清晨抵达香港。Fogg毫不犹豫地去询问领港员去横滨的船次。 21.B　细节理解题。由第三段中的Each delay filled him with hope that Fogg had to spend some days in Hong Kong. The weather helped him.可知,每一次延迟都让Fix感到有希望让Fogg在香港多待几天。天气帮助了他。也就是说延迟能提供给他更多的时间来调查Fogg。故选B。 22.D　推理判断题。由第四段中的He wanted to know exactly how long the storm was going to last.可知,由于Fogg的仆人想确切地知道暴风雨还将持续多久,所以海员让他去看晴雨表。由此可以推知晴雨表可以显示天气的变化。故选D。 23.A　细节理解题。由文中的对话“Ought she not to have gone yesterday?”和“Yes, sir, but one of her boilers(锅炉)needs repairing.”可知,Carnatic本来是昨天要去横滨的,但是一个锅炉坏了,需要修,所以推迟到了明天。故选A。 B Many years ago, there lived a poor fisherman. His only companion was his dog. They might be seen walking on the white sandy beach. The dog was always beside his master as the fisherman made his little boat ready to sail. When the man pulled out to sea each morning, the dog would run up on the high ridge(山岭). There he would sit and watch all day. The dog never moved until late afternoon when he saw the little boat return. Then he would race back to the shore to greet his master. As the years went by, the fisherman grew older. So did the faithful dog. The fisherman still went out to sea. The dog still watched for his return, sitting on the high ridge. One early morning in September, the fisherman was getting his little boat ready. All at once the dog began to bark. He circled around the fisherman and tugged at his trousers. The fisherman could not remember when he had seen his dog act so strangely. He patted the dog’s back, thinking the dog wanted to play. But nothing made any difference. Then the man climbed into the boat and sailed away. The dog went to his watching place, still barking. There were other fishing boats out that morning. Suddenly the soft wind changed. It began to blow wildly. The fisherman’s boat was seized by the wind and whirled around(随风旋转). The sky darkened. Rain began to fall. “It’s a hurricane!” said the fisherman. The man thought of his dog at once. Had the dog left the ridge and run home? Or was he still sitting there? The fisherman tried to drive his boat and turn it toward the shore. Suddenly a great wave swept over his head and tossed the boat away(卷走). The next morning, the hurricane was over. The families of the other fishermen ran to the shore. They watched for the return of the boats. They waited and waited, but no one returned. Then the people went slowly back to their homes and started a new life. As they rebuilt their village, no one gave a thought to the fisherman’s dog. Several months later, a group of villagers was out gathering sea grapes(海葡萄). They noticed what appeared to be the figure of a dog sitting high on the ridge. “Look” said one. “Isn’t that the old fisherman’s dog?” “How could it be, after all this time?” said another. When the man reached the spot, he found only a rock—shaped like a dog. But as soon as the people looked up again, they saw the stone dog. He just sat there on top of the ridge, waiting, waiting. . . 24. Why did the dog run up to the high ridge when the fisherman pulled out to sea every morning? A. Because he didn’t want to go home alone. B. Because he didn’t like walking on the white sandy beach. C. Because he waited for his master on the high ridge. D. Because he wanted to exercise on the high ridge. 25. The fourth paragraph mainly tells us ______.   A. the reason why the dog acted so strangely B. the situation that the fisherman was getting ready C. the relationship between the fisherman and the dog D. the reason that the fisherman didn’t want to play with the dog 26. What does the underlined word “figure” in paragraph 8 mean? A. gift　　　B. shape　　　C. price　　　D. number 27. What is the best title of the passage? A. The Stone Dog B. The Terrible Hurricane C. The Stony Ridge D. The Little Stone 【答案及解析】 本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲了一个渔夫和他的狗相依为命。每次渔夫出海捕鱼, 狗都会跑到高高的山脊上等待它的主人。有一次, 渔夫出海遇到飓风, 再没有回来。而他的狗化为了一块石头, 永远坐在山脊上, 等待着它的主人。 24.选C。推理判断题。答案定位在第二段最后两句The dog never moved until late afternoon when he saw the little boat return. Then he would race back to the shore to greet his master. 由此推断出, 每天早上渔夫出海的时候, 狗会跑到高高的山脊上, 是因为它在高高的山脊上等着它的主人。 25.选B。推理判断题。根据第四段All at once the dog began to bark. . . . when he had seen his dog act so strangely可知, 第四段主要讲了渔夫准备出海时的情形, 主要提及了狗的一些异常表现。 26.选B。词义猜测题。答案定位在最后一段第一句When the man reached the spot, he found only a rock—shaped like a dog结合画线句子They noticed what appeared to be the figure of a dog sitting high on the ridge. 可知, 他们注意到好像有一只狗的身形坐在高高的山脊上。“figure”的意思是形状。 27.选A。主旨大意题。本文主要讲了一个渔夫和他的狗相依为命。每次渔夫出海捕鱼, 狗都会跑到高高的山脊上等待它的主人。有一次, 渔夫出海遇到飓风, 再没有回来。而他的狗化为了一块石头, 永远坐在山脊上, 等待着它的主人。所以这篇文章最好的题目是《石狗》。 C Writing is simple, but it moves the brain in a strong way. When we send a quick text or keep a small diary, we let feelings out and then step back to look at them. This move — from too much feeling to clear thought — is a basic form of resilience (心理韧性). Resilience is often called a skill we can grow with hard work. Psychologists say it is the steps we take to face trouble, while news stories cheer people who win against pain by never giving up. The wellness trade also tells us that always trying to be better will give us this power. Yet these loud ideas may miss the quiet help we get from simple acts like writing. Studies show that writing helps us deal with hard moments. In the 1980s, doctor James Pennebaker gave the world expressive writing, a way that asks people to write about upset events. When we put pain into words, we drop some of the weight inside and build a small safe place. Writing lets the brain treat sad memories. This power comes from how the brain does its job. Writing asks us to bring back memories, line up thoughts, and turn them into clear words. These steps light up parts that hold memory, make choices, and move the hand. Because of this, writing helps short-term memories lock in place, so they feel steady (稳定的) and easy to find later. This joining lets us look at the past in a new way and calm our feelings. Brain imaging studies also show that writing down feelings quiets the amygdala (杏仁核), the spot that fires up fear, and wakes the prefrontal cortex (大脑皮层), the spot that plans and solves. Even a small job like writing a to-do list can bring back focus by using these same brain parts. Writing also helps us find sense in life. It is not just a tool to talk to others; it is a way to think that builds who we are. While loud tales often paint resilience as rare and great, daily writing acts — from a warm message to a sticky note — prove that we build the resilience in quiet, common steps of fitting in and moving on. 28. What can be inferred from paragraph 2? A. A common meaning of resilience. B. The limit of popular views on resilience. C. How writing helps us grow. D. The media’s praise for determined individuals. 29. How does expressive writing help people? A. By removing painful memories completely. B. By encouraging people to avoid difficulties. C. By furthering constant self-improvement. D. By making stressful events easier to handle. 30. What is the function of writing in terms of brain processes? A. It prevents the amygdala from being activated. B. It changes short memories into steady ones. C. It values emotional feelings over logical thinking. D. It separates decision-making from movement control. 31. What does the author stress about resilience in the last paragraph? A. It can be developed in common daily practices. B. It is mainly built through personal stories. C. It depends on professional methods. D. It is a quality for overcoming difficulties. 【答案与解析】 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了写作看似简单，却能有效锻炼心理韧性，通过梳理情绪、激活大脑相关区域，帮助人们应对困境、平复心情，并且心理韧性可以通过日常写作这类简单行为逐步培养。 28. 选 B。推理判断题。答案定位在第二段最后一句 Yet these loud ideas may miss the quiet help we get from simple acts like writing. 由此推断出，本段指出了当下流行观点对心理韧性的解读存在局限性，忽略了写作这类简单行为带来的潜在帮助。 29. 选 D。细节理解题。答案定位在第三段 Studies show that writing helps us deal with hard moments. 以及 When we put pain into words, we drop some of the weight inside and build a small safe place. 由此可知，表达性写作能减轻内心压力，让令人压力大的事情更容易应对。 30. 选 B。细节理解题。答案定位在第四段 writing helps short-term memories lock in place, so they feel steady and easy to find later. 由此可知，写作能将短期记忆转化为稳定、易调取的记忆。 31. 选 A。细节理解题。答案定位在最后一段最后一句 daily writing acts — from a warm message to a sticky note — prove that we build the resilience in quiet, common steps of fitting in and moving on. 由此可知，作者强调心理韧性可以通过日常普通行为培养。 D A new study by developmental scientists at Northwestern University and Harvard University offers the first proof that babies as young as 15 months can identify an object they have learned about from listening to language — even if the object remains hidden. The researchers studied 134 babies, 67 at 12 months and 67 at 15 months in a three-part task. The babies played on the floor while often listening to parents talk about grapes in a conversation about more familiar fruits like apples and bananas. A week later, the researchers presented babies with words they understand, paired with an image of the object, such as apples and bananas, to which it referred. Then, babies heard a new word while the image of a novel object grapes was hidden from their view. Finally, two novel objects grapes and knives appeared and babies were asked, “Where are the grapes?” 15-month-olds, but not 12-month-olds, looked longer at the novel fruit grapes than the novel object knives. Although they had never seen any object paired with that novel word, 15-month-olds could use contextual information to correctly connect new words with unseen objects. “The study shows that even babies who are just beginning to say their first words learn from the language they hear, even if the objects or events being discussed are not present,” senior author Sandra Waxman said. The study provides new information for the developmental origins of the human ability to learn about things that are not perceived (感知). It also begins to address how, and how early, the human mind can create ideas of objects and events never experienced directly. This new work stresses the power of language in babies’ daily lives. The results of the study show that by 15 months, babies naturally use the linguistic (语言的) context in which a new word appears to build a point of its meaning that will support later learning. “When babies hear new words like grapes in a conversation when there are no grapes around, parents don’t waste the opportunity to home in on its meaning,” Waxman said. “We now know this is beneficial to babies’ language learning.” 32. What does the new study focus on? A. What language 15-month-olds can learn. B. How babies practice their learned words. C. Why babies prefer listening to language about objects. D. Whether conversational context helps babies recognize objects. 33. How was the study carried out? A. By measuring babies’ brain waves. B. By comparing babies’ reactions. C. By monitoring babies’ pronunciation. D. By interviewing babies’ parents. 34. What is Waxman’s attitude toward the study results? A. Debatable. B. Doubtful. C. Positive. D. Uncaring. 35. What is the last paragraph mainly about? A. Practical value of the findings. B. Methods of on-site testing. C. Future direction for the study. D. Disadvantages of the study. 【答案与解析】 这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了美国西北大学和哈佛大学的发展科学家开展的一项新研究，证实了15个月大的婴儿能借助语言语境识别未见过的隐藏物体，而12个月大的婴儿尚不具备该能力，同时阐述了该研究在婴儿语言学习和认知发展方面的研究价值与现实意义。 32. 选D细节理解题。根据第一段“A new study by developmental scientists at Northwestern University and Harvard University offers the first proof that babies as young as 15 months can identify an object they have learned about from listening to language — even if the object remains hidden.(美国西北大学和哈佛大学的发展科学家开展的一项新研究首次证实，仅15个月大的婴儿就能识别出他们通过听语言了解到的物体——即使该物体仍处于隐藏状态。)” 以及第三段“Although they had never seen any object paired with that novel word, 15-month-olds could use contextual information to correctly connect new words with unseen objects.(尽管他们从未见过与这个新词配对的物体，但15个月大的婴儿能利用语境信息将新词与未见过的物体正确关联起来。)”可知，该研究的核心是探究对话语境是否能帮助婴儿识别物体。故选D。 33. 选B细节理解题。根据第二段“The researchers studied 134 babies, 67 at 12 months and 67 at 15 months in a three-part task.(研究人员以一项包含三个环节的实验，对134名婴儿展开了研究，其中67名为12月龄婴儿，另外67名为15月龄婴儿。)”及关于研究过程的描述以及第三段“15-month-olds, but not 12-month-olds, looked longer at the novel fruit grapes than the novel object knives.(15个月大的婴儿会比12个月大的婴儿更久地注视新奇水果葡萄，而非新奇物品小刀。)”可知，研究人员是通过对比12个月和15个月大的婴儿面对相关物品时的反应来开展研究的。故选B。 34. 选C 推理判断题。根据最后一段““When babies hear new words like grapes in a conversation when there are no grapes around, parents don’t waste the opportunity to home in on its meaning,” Waxman said. “We now know this is beneficial to babies’ language learning.”(韦克斯曼说：“当婴儿在周围没有葡萄的对话中听到葡萄这类新词时，父母抓住这个机会讲解词义并非徒劳。我们现在知道，这对婴儿的语言学习是有益的。”)”可知，韦克斯曼认为研究结果证实了相关做法对婴儿语言学习有积极作用，其对研究结果持积极态度。故选C。 35. 选A 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“This new work stresses the power of language in babies’ daily lives. The results of the study show that by 15 months, babies naturally use the linguistic context in which a new word appears to build a point of its meaning that will support later learning.(这项新研究强调了语言在婴儿日常生活中的作用。研究结果表明，到15个月大时，婴儿会自然利用新词出现的语言语境来构建其词义认知，这为后续的学习奠定基础。) ”以及韦克斯曼的观点可知，该段主要阐述了这项研究发现的实际应用价值。故选A。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 On 10 April 1912, an amazing, imposing new ocean liner steamed out of Southampton Harbour. 　36　 She was the largest ship in the world at that time, and the most luxurious. Her passengers included some of the wealthiest people in the world. Everyone agreed this beautiful new ship was the best liner in existence—in fact, she was said to be unsinkable.   The ship’s crew had absolute confidence in her. When, four days later, Captain Edward Smith gave his radio-men the order to transmit the international distress signal, SOS, they thought he was joking. He wasn’t. At 2: 20 a. m. on 15 April 1912, the Titanic sank beneath the freezing waters of the Atlantic. 　37　  It is still one of the biggest peacetime maritime tragedies in history. On 14 April 2012, a passenger ship stopped in the North Atlantic. 　38　 It was cold and dark. 1, 300 passengers stood on deck as a memorial service held for the people who died there. After hymns and prayers, two wreaths of flowers were thrown into the freezing water.   The story of the Titanic has touched and fascinated people for over a century. Mistakes were made that added up to disaster. 　39　 There are records of generosity and courage that saved lives when so many others were lost. Millionaire Benjamin Guggenheim was offered one of the few places in a lifeboat, but said it should be given to a woman or a child, and chose instead to dress for dinner. Someone overheard him saying “We’ve dressed up in our best and are prepared to go down like gentlemen!”　40　 The pure drama of the scene means that the legend of the Titanic will never be forgotten.   A. For example, the Titanic’s radio room received no fewer than seven ice warnings on the night of the tragedy. B. It was twenty to midnight, the exact time that the Titanic hit the iceberg 100 years before. C. Survivors recalled that the lights stayed on and the orchestra was playing until the moment the huge ship sank into the black water. D. They arrived two hours later, but only 53 people were rescued from the water. E. It was her first voyage and her destination was New York City—across the Atlantic Ocean. F. On that night, over 1, 500 people lost their lives. G. The order to abandon ship was given and hundreds of people plunged into the icy water. 【答案与解析】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了泰坦尼克号的航行以及沉没。 36.选E。上文On 10 April 1912, an amazing, imposing new ocean liner steamed out of Southampton Harbour. 说1912年4月10日, 一艘壮观的新远洋班轮驶出南安普敦港, 下文She was the largest ship in the world at that time, and the most luxurious. 说她是当时世界上最大的船, 也是最豪华的。该空承上启下, E选项“这是她的第一次航行, 她的目的地是纽约, 横跨了整个大西洋”切题, 故选E。 37选F。上文He wasn’t. At 2: 20 a. m. on 15 April 1912, the Titanic sank beneath the freezing waters of the Atlantic. 说泰坦尼克号沉没, 该空承接上文, F选项“那天晚上, 1500多人丧生。”切题, 故选F。 38.选B。下文It was cold and dark. 1, 300 passengers stood on deck as a memorial service held for the people who died there. 说天气又冷又黑。1300名乘客站在甲板上为遇难者举行追悼会。该空引出下文, B选项“现在是午夜, 也就是100年前泰坦尼克号撞上冰山的时间。”切题, 故选B。 39.选A。上文Mistakes were made that added up to disaster. 说犯的错误加起来就是灾难。该空引出下文, A选项“例如, 泰坦尼克号的无线电室在悲剧发生当晚收到了不少于7次的冰警报。”切题, 故选A。 40.选C。上文Someone overheard him saying “We’ve dressed up in our best and are prepared to go down like gentlemen! ”说有人无意中听到他说: “我们已经穿上了最好的衣服, 准备像绅士一样下沉! ”该空承接上文, C选项“幸存者回忆说, 灯还亮着, 乐队还在演奏, 直到巨轮沉入黑色的水中。”切题, 故选C。 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分） 第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 It all started when we were at school on a Monday. It was after lunch time and we had just finished this week’s maths exam and Stephen, Vivian, Krystal and I were correcting our 　41　 again. We were just getting ready to do English when everything started 　42　. Things were flying everywhere. It was an EARTHQUAKE!   Stephen, Vivian, Krystal and I all 　43　 for cover while everyone else stood there, too 　44　 to move. Even the 　45　 boys in the class didn’t move! It shook like jelly and it was the scariest earthquake ever! A bookshelf fell on the 　46　 of the girls. The heater fell on the boys. It was a disaster! So far, Stephen, Vivian, Krystal and I were the only people 　47　. We were all as scared as if we had seen a 　48　.   The earthquake went for a couple more 　49　 and then we ran into the corridor and checked if anyone was alive. Everyone but us was dead. We went outside and all the 　50　 were wrecked. All except one.   We ran into the house and it was as 　51　 as ice. The disgusting cobwebs(蜘蛛网)touched our skin. It was a nightmare! The house was old and rotten and it 　52　 like really bad body smell. We ran 　53　 and we heard someone shouting. We 　54　 the door. There was a girl in the room. We guessed she was about eight years old. “Help me”, she shouted in a frightened voice, I was just about to help her when I heard my alarm clock ringing. It was just a 　55　!   41. A. answers　 B. composition C. paper D. English 42. A. burning B. flying C. shaking D. completing 43. A. walked B. wandered C. stood D. escaped 44. A. scared B. pleased C. surprised D. interested 45. A. youngest　 B. bravest　 C. tallest　 D. saddest 46. A. top B. bottom C. left D. right 47. A. dead B. alive C. awake D. sleeping 48. A. movie B. play C. stranger D. ghost 49. A. nights B. minutes C. days D. weeks 50. A. schools B. rooms C. houses D. corridors 51. A. cold B. hot C. warm D. cool 52. A. looked B. felt C. smelt D. tasted 53. A. downstairs B. outside C. inside D. upstairs 54. A. opened B. closed C. broke D. locked 55. A. story B. fact C. earthquake D. dream 【答案与解析】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己的一个可怕的梦, 梦见他们在教室里时发生了大地震, 损伤惨重。 41【解析】选A。句意: Stephen, Vivian, Krystal和我正在又一次修改我们的答案。前半句话讲述刚刚结束了这周的数学考试, 所以我们应该是在修改答案。answer答案; composition作文; paper论文; English英语。故选A。 42【解析】选C。句意: 当一切开始摇晃的时候, 我们正准备做英语。此空格与第二段中的“It shook like jelly(像果冻一样摇晃)”呼应。burn燃烧; fly飞; shake摇晃; complete完成。故选C。 43【解析】选D。句意: Stephen, Vivian, Krystal 和我都逃去找掩蔽物, 而其他人都站在那里, 太害怕了以至于不敢动。在很害怕的情况下, 我们按常理推断, 应该是逃跑。walk走; wander漫游; stand站立; escape逃跑。故选D。 44【解析】选A。空格与下文中的“the scariest”呼应。scared害怕的; pleased高兴的; surprised惊奇的; interested有趣的。故选A。 45【解析】选B。句意: 即使班级里最勇敢的男孩也不敢动。由于有even(甚至), 我们知道是在强调大家害怕, 所以用最勇敢的男孩举例强调有多怕。youngest最小的; bravest最勇敢的; tallest最高的; saddest最悲伤的。故选B。 46【解析】选A。句意: 一个书架掉在了女孩子们的上方。由下文可知, 这些人都死了, 所以应该是掉到女孩们的上方。top顶部; bottom下方; left左边; right右边。故选A。 47【解析】选B。句意: Stephen, Vivian, Krystal 和我是仅存的活着的人。此空格与下文中的“if anyone was alive”呼应。dead死的; alive活着的; awake醒着的; sleeping睡着的。故选B。 48【解析】选D。句意: 我们都很害怕就好像看见了鬼一样。由于是害怕, 这四个选项中只有看见鬼才会很害怕。movie电影; play比赛, 剧本; stranger陌生人; ghost鬼。故选D。 49【解析】选B。句意: 地震发生了两分多钟。根据常识, 我们知道地震一般几分钟结束。night晚上; minute分钟; day天; week周。故选B。 50【解析】选C。句意: 我们出去, 除了一个, 其他所有的房子都毁坏了。此空格与下段首句中的house呼应。school学校; room房间; house房子; corridor走廊。故选C。 51【解析】选A。句意: 我们跑进这间房子, 里边像冰一样冷。由于ice是冷的。cold冷; hot热; warm暖和; cool凉爽。故选A。 52【解析】选C。句意: 这个房子很久而且腐烂了, 闻起来像糟糕的体臭味。由后边的“bad body smell”可知, 这里描述的是味道。 look看起来像……; feel感觉是……; smell闻起来……; taste尝起来……。故选C。 53【解析】选D。句意: 我们跑到楼上去, 听到了有人呼喊。由于作者和朋友四个人一起在搜查有没有人活着, 所以他们检查完这个小房子后就上楼去看看。downstairs楼下; outside外边; inside里边; upstairs楼上。故选D。 54【解析】选A。句意: 我们打开门。作者他们要打开门看看房间里有谁。open打开; close闭上; break打破; lock锁上。故选A。 55【解析】选D。句意: 我正要帮她, 闹铃响了。这仅仅是一场梦。根据闹铃响了, 可知作者刚做了个梦。story故事; fact事实; earthquake地震; dream梦。故选D。 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Once, three men got 　56　(lose) in the forest. They decided they would stay in the forest until they found　57　(they) way. The next morning, one man went to find some food. Soon, the other two men were 　58　(astonish) to find him back with a deer and asked how he got the deer. The man replied, “I found tracks, and I followed the tracks, and I got a deer.” They both were　59　(slight) confused because he had no weapons. A few days 　60　(late), the second guy went in search 　61　 food and soon came back with a deer too. The other two asked how he managed 　62　(get) the deer. His reply was 　63　 same as the first man's. Then it was the turn of the third guy to search for food. Many hours passed, but the third man 　64　(hold) nothing in his hands came back, with blood on his face. The other two asked him 　65　 had happened. He looked at them and replied, “I found tracks, and I followed the tracks, and I got hit by a train.”  【答案与解析】 本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了三个男人在森林里迷了路,在找到路之前各自出去寻找食物的经历。 56.lost　考查固定搭配。get lost 迷路。句意:曾经有三个男人在森林里迷路了。故填lost。 57.their　考查形容词性物主代词。该空后面的way是名词,设空处作定语。故填形容词性物主代词their。 58.astonished　考查形容词。此处需用形容词来修饰two men。故填astonished。 59.slightly　考查副词。此处应用副词作状语。故填slightly。 60.later　考查副词。a few days later几天之后。故填later。 61.of　考查介词。in search of意为“寻找”。故填of。 62.to get　考查固定搭配。manage to do sth.设法做成某事。故填to get。 63.the　考查固定搭配。the same as...和……一样。故填the。 64.holding　考查非谓语动词。hold与其逻辑主语the third man是主动关系,故填holding。 65.what　考查宾语从句。设空处引导宾语从句,并在从句中作主语,故填what。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 应用文写作（满分15分） 假设你是李华，你们学校的英语网站正面向全校学生征集有关安全指南的英文稿件。请你给该网站投稿，介绍交通事故方面的急救常识。 内容包括： 1．首先保持镇静； 2．检查伤者呼吸情况，呼吸困难要实施人工呼吸； 3．如伤者有出血情况要用布按压止血，然后等候救护车及警察的帮助。 注意：1.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 2．词数80左右。 【参考范文】 First Aid for Accidents If you happen to witness an accident, what should you do to save other people’s lives? It is knowing how to respond properly that can make a big difference. Here are some rules that you can follow. Firstly, you must stay calm and call the police and an ambulance. Speak to the person to find out as much as you can about his injuries. Next, pay attention to the person’s breathing, especially if he is having trouble getting his breath. If necessary, use the mouth­to­mouth technique to give immediate assistance. Besides, if the injured person is bleeding, press a clean towel or cloth onto his wound. Finally, stay with the injured person and comfort him until the arrival of the police and ambulance. 第二节 读后续写（满分25分） 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。 A tornado(龙卷风) hit a small town nearby, leaving many families completely destroyed. Afterward all the local newspapers carried many human interest stories featuring some of the families who suffered the most difficult period to appeal to people’s attention and assistance. One Sunday, a particular picture especially touched me. A young woman stood in front of a simple mobile home, a depressed expression on her face. A young boy, seven or eight years old, stood at her side, eyes downcast. Hiding behind her skirt was a tiny girl who stared into the camera, wide eyes with confusion and fear. The article that went with the picture gave the clothing size of each family member. With growing interest, I noticed that sizes of the family closely matched ours. This would be a good opportunity to teach my seven-year-old twins, Brad and Brett, and three-year-old Meghan to help those less fortunate than themselves. “We have so much. And these poor people now have nothing,” I said. “We’ll share what we have with them.” I brought three large boxes down from the room upstairs and placed them on the living room floor. Meghan watched seriously, as the boys and I filled one of the boxes with canned goods and foods. While I sorted through our clothes, I encouraged the boys to go through their toys and donate some of their less favorite things. The boys were pleased to join. Brad rose and went to his room fast. He came back bringing his action figures that he played with not so frequently. Brett also jumped up and ran to fetch some of his Matchbox cars and airplane models. Meghan watched quietly as the boys piled up abandoned toys. The boys placed the objects they had chosen to donate into one of the boxes while I filled the third box with clothes. Meghan walked up with Lucy, her worn, faded, best-loved rag doll hugged tightly to her chest. “I’ll help you find something for the little girl, too，” I said to the little Meghan. Paragraph 1： “Mommy, I will give Lucy to them，” Meghan turned to me. Paragraph 2： Recognizing what little Meghan’s gesture meant, I removed my old jacket from the box of clothes. 【参考范文】 Paragraph 1 “Mommy, I will give Lucy to them,” Meghan turned to me. I was greatly shocked, for Lucy was her most cherished rag doll, worn and faded but always hugged tightly. Without any hesitation, she carefully placed Lucy into the donation box. Unlike her brothers who gave away less-loved toys, my three-year-old daughter offered her dearest thing, showing the purest and most selfless kindness. Paragraph 2 Recognizing what little Meghan’s gesture meant, I removed my old jacket from the box of clothes. I took out my new, comfortable jacket instead, hoping to match my daughter’s sincerity. Seeing this, the twins learned a lesson and quickly fetched more of their favorite toys. We filled the boxes with true love, understanding that real giving is offering what we value most. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司9 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年高一必修第三册英语单元测试 Unit 6·基础卷（参考答案） 第一部分 听力（略） 第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 21-23:BDA 24-27：CBBA 28-31：BDBA 32-35：DBCA 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) EFBAC 第三部分 语言知识运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第1节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 41-45：ACDAB 46-50：ABDBC 51-55：ACDAD 第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 56.lost　 57.their　 58.astonished　 59.slightly　 60.later　 61.of　 62.to get　 63.the　 64.holding　 65.what　 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 【参考范文】 First Aid for Accidents If you happen to witness an accident, what should you do to save other people’s lives? It is knowing how to respond properly that can make a big difference. Here are some rules that you can follow. Firstly, you must stay calm and call the police and an ambulance. Speak to the person to find out as much as you can about his injuries. Next, pay attention to the person’s breathing, especially if he is having trouble getting his breath. If necessary, use the mouth­to­mouth technique to give immediate assistance. Besides, if the injured person is bleeding, press a clean towel or cloth onto his wound. Finally, stay with the injured person and comfort him until the arrival of the police and ambulance. 第二节 （满分25分） 【参考范文】 Paragraph 1 “Mommy, I will give Lucy to them,” Meghan turned to me. I was greatly shocked, for Lucy was her most cherished rag doll, worn and faded but always hugged tightly. Without any hesitation, she carefully placed Lucy into the donation box. Unlike her brothers who gave away less-loved toys, my three-year-old daughter offered her dearest thing, showing the purest and most selfless kindness. Paragraph 2 Recognizing what little Meghan’s gesture meant, I removed my old jacket from the box of clothes. I took out my new, comfortable jacket instead, hoping to match my daughter’s sincerity. Seeing this, the twins learned a lesson and quickly fetched more of their favorite toys. We filled the boxes with true love, understanding that real giving is offering what we value most. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… 此卷只装订不密封 ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… … 学校：______________姓名：_____________班级：_______________考号：______________________ 2025-2026学年高一必修第三册英语单元测试 Unit 6 · 基础卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：100分钟，满分：120分） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（略）第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A The weather was bad during the latter days of the voyage. A northwest wind was blowing all the time. The Rangoon sailed slowly. The captain thought that she would reach Hong Kong twenty hours behind time. Phileas Fogg stared at the rough sea with his habitual calm. He never changed his expression for an instant, though a delay (延迟的时间) of twenty hours, by making him too late for the Yokohama boat—Carnatic. But this man showed neither impatience nor anger, it seemed as if the storm was a part of his programme. Fix, a detective who had been searching for a bank robber (抢劫犯), viewed the state of things differently. The storm greatly pleased him. Each delay filled him with hope that Fogg had to spend some days in Hong Kong. The weather helped him. Though he felt seasick, his spirit was full of great happiness. Passepartout, Mr. Fogg's servant, was angry beyond expression about the bad weather. Everything had gone so well till now! Did bad things come? Passepartout was very worried about his master's bet. He wanted to know exactly how long the storm was going to last. The sailors advised him to refer to the barometer(晴雨表). He shook it, but with no effect. It seemed to have no desire to rise. On the 4th the sea became calm. Passepartout cheered up! The sails were spread, and the Rangoon sailed at her full speed. The time lost could not, however, be gained again. Carnatic would, of course, be missed. At six o'clock on the morning of the 6th, the pilot went on board and guided the Rangoon through the channels to the port of Hong Kong. Passepartout still wanted to ask him if Carnatic had left for Yokohama; but he dared not. Mr. Fogg, however, did not hesitate to approach the pilot. “Do you know when a ship will leave for Yokohama?” “At high tide tomorrow morning,” answered the pilot. “What is the ship's name?” “The ‘Carnatic’.” “Ought she not to have gone yesterday?” “Yes, sir, but one of her boilers(锅炉)needs repairing.” Mr. Fogg looked calm as usual, but Passepartout held the pilot's hand firmly, “Pilot, you are the best!” 21.Fix was greatly satisfied with the storm because________. A. the experience in the storm made him pleased mentally B. the delay provided him with more days to look into Fogg C. it wasn't likely that the bank robber got in touch with Fogg D. he was used to looking at things from different points of view 22.According to Paragraph 4, a barometer ______. A. fails to work in a storm B. rises with a sudden shake C. makes a storm last longer D. shows a change in the weather 23.Why could Phileas Fogg and his servant catch Carnatic finally? A. There was something wrong with a boiler of Carnatic. B. The pilot had arranged for Carnatic to wait for them. C. They took the storm and the delay into consideration. D. The weather turned fine and they arrived in advance. B Many years ago, there lived a poor fisherman. His only companion was his dog. They might be seen walking on the white sandy beach. The dog was always beside his master as the fisherman made his little boat ready to sail. When the man pulled out to sea each morning, the dog would run up on the high ridge(山岭). There he would sit and watch all day. The dog never moved until late afternoon when he saw the little boat return. Then he would race back to the shore to greet his master. As the years went by, the fisherman grew older. So did the faithful dog. The fisherman still went out to sea. The dog still watched for his return, sitting on the high ridge. One early morning in September, the fisherman was getting his little boat ready. All at once the dog began to bark. He circled around the fisherman and tugged at his trousers. The fisherman could not remember when he had seen his dog act so strangely. He patted the dog’s back, thinking the dog wanted to play. But nothing made any difference. Then the man climbed into the boat and sailed away. The dog went to his watching place, still barking. There were other fishing boats out that morning. Suddenly the soft wind changed. It began to blow wildly. The fisherman’s boat was seized by the wind and whirled around(随风旋转). The sky darkened. Rain began to fall. “It’s a hurricane!” said the fisherman. The man thought of his dog at once. Had the dog left the ridge and run home? Or was he still sitting there? The fisherman tried to drive his boat and turn it toward the shore. Suddenly a great wave swept over his head and tossed the boat away(卷走). The next morning, the hurricane was over. The families of the other fishermen ran to the shore. They watched for the return of the boats. They waited and waited, but no one returned. Then the people went slowly back to their homes and started a new life. As they rebuilt their village, no one gave a thought to the fisherman’s dog. Several months later, a group of villagers was out gathering sea grapes(海葡萄). They noticed what appeared to be the figure of a dog sitting high on the ridge. “Look” said one. “Isn’t that the old fisherman’s dog?” “How could it be, after all this time?” said another. When the man reached the spot, he found only a rock—shaped like a dog. But as soon as the people looked up again, they saw the stone dog. He just sat there on top of the ridge, waiting, waiting. . . 24. Why did the dog run up to the high ridge when the fisherman pulled out to sea every morning? A. Because he didn’t want to go home alone. B. Because he didn’t like walking on the white sandy beach. C. Because he waited for his master on the high ridge. D. Because he wanted to exercise on the high ridge. 25. The fourth paragraph mainly tells us ______.   A. the reason why the dog acted so strangely B. the situation that the fisherman was getting ready C. the relationship between the fisherman and the dog D. the reason that the fisherman didn’t want to play with the dog 26. What does the underlined word “figure” in paragraph 8 mean? A. gift　　　B. shape　　　C. price　　　D. number 27. What is the best title of the passage? A. The Stone Dog B. The Terrible Hurricane C. The Stony Ridge D. The Little Stone C Writing is simple, but it moves the brain in a strong way. When we send a quick text or keep a small diary, we let feelings out and then step back to look at them. This move — from too much feeling to clear thought — is a basic form of resilience (心理韧性). Resilience is often called a skill we can grow with hard work. Psychologists say it is the steps we take to face trouble, while news stories cheer people who win against pain by never giving up. The wellness trade also tells us that always trying to be better will give us this power. Yet these loud ideas may miss the quiet help we get from simple acts like writing. Studies show that writing helps us deal with hard moments. In the 1980s, doctor James Pennebaker gave the world expressive writing, a way that asks people to write about upset events. When we put pain into words, we drop some of the weight inside and build a small safe place. Writing lets the brain treat sad memories. This power comes from how the brain does its job. Writing asks us to bring back memories, line up thoughts, and turn them into clear words. These steps light up parts that hold memory, make choices, and move the hand. Because of this, writing helps short-term memories lock in place, so they feel steady (稳定的) and easy to find later. This joining lets us look at the past in a new way and calm our feelings. Brain imaging studies also show that writing down feelings quiets the amygdala (杏仁核), the spot that fires up fear, and wakes the prefrontal cortex (大脑皮层), the spot that plans and solves. Even a small job like writing a to-do list can bring back focus by using these same brain parts. Writing also helps us find sense in life. It is not just a tool to talk to others; it is a way to think that builds who we are. While loud tales often paint resilience as rare and great, daily writing acts — from a warm message to a sticky note — prove that we build the resilience in quiet, common steps of fitting in and moving on. 28. What can be inferred from paragraph 2? A. A common meaning of resilience. B. The limit of popular views on resilience. C. How writing helps us grow. D. The media’s praise for determined individuals. 29. How does expressive writing help people? A. By removing painful memories completely. B. By encouraging people to avoid difficulties. C. By furthering constant self-improvement. D. By making stressful events easier to handle. 30. What is the function of writing in terms of brain processes? A. It prevents the amygdala from being activated. B. It changes short memories into steady ones. C. It values emotional feelings over logical thinking. D. It separates decision-making from movement control. 31. What does the author stress about resilience in the last paragraph? A. It can be developed in common daily practices. B. It is mainly built through personal stories. C. It depends on professional methods. D. It is a quality for overcoming difficulties. D A new study by developmental scientists at Northwestern University and Harvard University offers the first proof that babies as young as 15 months can identify an object they have learned about from listening to language — even if the object remains hidden. The researchers studied 134 babies, 67 at 12 months and 67 at 15 months in a three-part task. The babies played on the floor while often listening to parents talk about grapes in a conversation about more familiar fruits like apples and bananas. A week later, the researchers presented babies with words they understand, paired with an image of the object, such as apples and bananas, to which it referred. Then, babies heard a new word while the image of a novel object grapes was hidden from their view. Finally, two novel objects grapes and knives appeared and babies were asked, “Where are the grapes?” 15-month-olds, but not 12-month-olds, looked longer at the novel fruit grapes than the novel object knives. Although they had never seen any object paired with that novel word, 15-month-olds could use contextual information to correctly connect new words with unseen objects. “The study shows that even babies who are just beginning to say their first words learn from the language they hear, even if the objects or events being discussed are not present,” senior author Sandra Waxman said. The study provides new information for the developmental origins of the human ability to learn about things that are not perceived (感知). It also begins to address how, and how early, the human mind can create ideas of objects and events never experienced directly. This new work stresses the power of language in babies’ daily lives. The results of the study show that by 15 months, babies naturally use the linguistic (语言的) context in which a new word appears to build a point of its meaning that will support later learning. “When babies hear new words like grapes in a conversation when there are no grapes around, parents don’t waste the opportunity to home in on its meaning,” Waxman said. “We now know this is beneficial to babies’ language learning.” 32. What does the new study focus on? A. What language 15-month-olds can learn. B. How babies practice their learned words. C. Why babies prefer listening to language about objects. D. Whether conversational context helps babies recognize objects. 33. How was the study carried out? A. By measuring babies’ brain waves. B. By comparing babies’ reactions. C. By monitoring babies’ pronunciation. D. By interviewing babies’ parents. 34. What is Waxman’s attitude toward the study results? A. Debatable. B. Doubtful. C. Positive. D. Uncaring. 35. What is the last paragraph mainly about? A. Practical value of the findings. B. Methods of on-site testing. C. Future direction for the study. D. Disadvantages of the study. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 On 10 April 1912, an amazing, imposing new ocean liner steamed out of Southampton Harbour. 　36　 She was the largest ship in the world at that time, and the most luxurious. Her passengers included some of the wealthiest people in the world. Everyone agreed this beautiful new ship was the best liner in existence—in fact, she was said to be unsinkable.   The ship’s crew had absolute confidence in her. When, four days later, Captain Edward Smith gave his radio-men the order to transmit the international distress signal, SOS, they thought he was joking. He wasn’t. At 2: 20 a. m. on 15 April 1912, the Titanic sank beneath the freezing waters of the Atlantic. 　37　  It is still one of the biggest peacetime maritime tragedies in history. On 14 April 2012, a passenger ship stopped in the North Atlantic. 　38　 It was cold and dark. 1, 300 passengers stood on deck as a memorial service held for the people who died there. After hymns and prayers, two wreaths of flowers were thrown into the freezing water.   The story of the Titanic has touched and fascinated people for over a century. Mistakes were made that added up to disaster. 　39　 There are records of generosity and courage that saved lives when so many others were lost. Millionaire Benjamin Guggenheim was offered one of the few places in a lifeboat, but said it should be given to a woman or a child, and chose instead to dress for dinner. Someone overheard him saying “We’ve dressed up in our best and are prepared to go down like gentlemen!”　40　 The pure drama of the scene means that the legend of the Titanic will never be forgotten.   A. For example, the Titanic’s radio room received no fewer than seven ice warnings on the night of the tragedy. B. It was twenty to midnight, the exact time that the Titanic hit the iceberg 100 years before. C. Survivors recalled that the lights stayed on and the orchestra was playing until the moment the huge ship sank into the black water. D. They arrived two hours later, but only 53 people were rescued from the water. E. It was her first voyage and her destination was New York City—across the Atlantic Ocean. F. On that night, over 1, 500 people lost their lives. G. The order to abandon ship was given and hundreds of people plunged into the icy water. 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分） 第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 It all started when we were at school on a Monday. It was after lunch time and we had just finished this week’s maths exam and Stephen, Vivian, Krystal and I were correcting our 　41　 again. We were just getting ready to do English when everything started 　42　. Things were flying everywhere. It was an EARTHQUAKE!   Stephen, Vivian, Krystal and I all 　43　 for cover while everyone else stood there, too 　44　 to move. Even the 　45　 boys in the class didn’t move! It shook like jelly and it was the scariest earthquake ever! A bookshelf fell on the 　46　 of the girls. The heater fell on the boys. It was a disaster! So far, Stephen, Vivian, Krystal and I were the only people 　47　. We were all as scared as if we had seen a 　48　.   The earthquake went for a couple more 　49　 and then we ran into the corridor and checked if anyone was alive. Everyone but us was dead. We went outside and all the 　50　 were wrecked. All except one.   We ran into the house and it was as 　51　 as ice. The disgusting cobwebs(蜘蛛网)touched our skin. It was a nightmare! The house was old and rotten and it 　52　 like really bad body smell. We ran 　53　 and we heard someone shouting. We 　54　 the door. There was a girl in the room. We guessed she was about eight years old. “Help me”, she shouted in a frightened voice, I was just about to help her when I heard my alarm clock ringing. It was just a 　55　!   41. A. answers　 B. composition C. paper D. English 42. A. burning B. flying C. shaking D. completing 43. A. walked B. wandered C. stood D. escaped 44. A. scared B. pleased C. surprised D. interested 45. A. youngest　 B. bravest　 C. tallest　 D. saddest 46. A. top B. bottom C. left D. right 47. A. dead B. alive C. awake D. sleeping 48. A. movie B. play C. stranger D. ghost 49. A. nights B. minutes C. days D. weeks 50. A. schools B. rooms C. houses D. corridors 51. A. cold B. hot C. warm D. cool 52. A. looked B. felt C. smelt D. tasted 53. A. downstairs B. outside C. inside D. upstairs 54. A. opened B. closed C. broke D. locked 55. A. story B. fact C. earthquake D. dream 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Once, three men got 　56　(lose) in the forest. They decided they would stay in the forest until they found　57　(they) way. The next morning, one man went to find some food. Soon, the other two men were 　58　(astonish) to find him back with a deer and asked how he got the deer. The man replied, “I found tracks, and I followed the tracks, and I got a deer.” They both were　59　(slight) confused because he had no weapons. A few days 　60　(late), the second guy went in search 　61　 food and soon came back with a deer too. The other two asked how he managed 　62　(get) the deer. His reply was 　63　 same as the first man's. Then it was the turn of the third guy to search for food. Many hours passed, but the third man 　64　(hold) nothing in his hands came back, with blood on his face. The other two asked him 　65　 had happened. He looked at them and replied, “I found tracks, and I followed the tracks, and I got hit by a train.”  第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 应用文写作（满分15分） 假设你是李华，你们学校的英语网站正面向全校学生征集有关安全指南的英文稿件。请你给该网站投稿，介绍交通事故方面的急救常识。 内容包括： 1．首先保持镇静； 2．检查伤者呼吸情况，呼吸困难要实施人工呼吸； 3．如伤者有出血情况要用布按压止血，然后等候救护车及警察的帮助。 注意：1.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 2．词数80左右。 第二节 读后续写（满分25分） 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。 A tornado(龙卷风) hit a small town nearby, leaving many families completely destroyed. Afterward all the local newspapers carried many human interest stories featuring some of the families who suffered the most difficult period to appeal to people’s attention and assistance. One Sunday, a particular picture especially touched me. A young woman stood in front of a simple mobile home, a depressed expression on her face. A young boy, seven or eight years old, stood at her side, eyes downcast. Hiding behind her skirt was a tiny girl who stared into the camera, wide eyes with confusion and fear. The article that went with the picture gave the clothing size of each family member. With growing interest, I noticed that sizes of the family closely matched ours. This would be a good opportunity to teach my seven-year-old twins, Brad and Brett, and three-year-old Meghan to help those less fortunate than themselves. “We have so much. And these poor people now have nothing,” I said. “We’ll share what we have with them.” I brought three large boxes down from the room upstairs and placed them on the living room floor. Meghan watched seriously, as the boys and I filled one of the boxes with canned goods and foods. While I sorted through our clothes, I encouraged the boys to go through their toys and donate some of their less favorite things. The boys were pleased to join. Brad rose and went to his room fast. He came back bringing his action figures that he played with not so frequently. Brett also jumped up and ran to fetch some of his Matchbox cars and airplane models. Meghan watched quietly as the boys piled up abandoned toys. The boys placed the objects they had chosen to donate into one of the boxes while I filled the third box with clothes. Meghan walked up with Lucy, her worn, faded, best-loved rag doll hugged tightly to her chest. “I’ll help you find something for the little girl, too，” I said to the little Meghan. Paragraph 1： “Mommy, I will give Lucy to them，” Meghan turned to me. Paragraph 2： Recognizing what little Meghan’s gesture meant, I removed my old jacket from the box of clothes. 试题 第3页（共8页） 试题 第4页（共8页） 试题 第1页（共8页） 试题 第2页（共8页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $