期中复习之选词填空进阶练15篇（紧贴新教材单元话题，Units 1-3）-2025-2026学年八年级英语下学期月考期中期末挑战满分冲刺卷（新教材沪教版五四制）

2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 期中复习之选词填空进阶练15篇 （紧贴新教材单元话题，Units 1-3） 说明：此专题分三个难度层次，基础入门训练<进阶拓展训练< 能力综合实践，老师根据学生实际情况进行针对性难度训练。 基础入门训练5篇   A．distances    B．without    C．safety    D．excuses    E.appearance The cashless times (无现金时代) Spending a day 1 cash or bank cards is perfectly normal in China. With the 2 of the QR code, online or offline payments are connected deeply. Mobile payment platforms WeChat Pay and Alipay have developed the cashless society in China. People use mobile payment, whether to pay utility bills (水电费), travel short or long 3 , make appointments at hospital or go shopping. We enjoy the convenience of a cashless society,but we should care about the 4 and privacy of payment. A．skin     B．invention     C．method     D．discovery     E.afford When you hold a book in your hands, please stop and think. It is the result of thousands of years of human 1 . First came the invention of writing. With it, people didn’t have to remember everything in their heads. They could communicate with people they never saw and share their knowledge with others. Later, the Greeks invented books with lots of pages to replace scrolls (卷轴). For more than a thousand years, the pages of books were made from animal 2 . That changed in the thirteenth century. The Chinese invented the 3 of making paper. After that, Johannes Gutenberg invented the printing press. Before that, books in Europe were copied by hand, so they were very expensive. The invention of the printing press made it possible for more people to 4 books. But human invention does not stop. Every year, more stories are bought as e-books and read on a screen. A．problems    B．for example    C． what    D．possible     E. such as Money is something we use every day, but do you know how it started? Long long ago, people didn’t use money. They traded things they had for 1 they needed. For example, a farmer might exchange wheat for clothes, and a hunter could swap meat for tools. This way of trading is called barter. However, barter had many 2 . It was not easy to find someone who wanted what you had and had what you needed. So people began to use certain things as “money”. In different places, people used different items, 3 shells, stones, and even animal bones. Later, metal coins were invented. They were easy to carry and could be divided into small parts, which made trading much easier. As time went by, paper money appeared. Compared with metal coins, paper money is lighter and more convenient to carry. Today, we still use paper money and coins, but we also have digital money, like the money in our bank accounts or mobile payment apps. Money is very important in our society. It helps us buy food, clothes, and other daily necessities. It also makes business and trade 4 between different countries. But we should remember that money is just a tool to help us live a better life, not the most important thing in the world. Complete the following passage with the words or phrase in the box. Each can be used only once. There is one extra. (将下列单词或词组填入空格。每个单词或词组限填一次，其中有一项为多余选项) A．useful     B．changed     C．exploration    D．daily life     E.economy Throughout history, inventions and discoveries have greatly 1 our world. They help us understand nature and make our lives easier while opening up new possibilities for human progress. Scientists work hard every day to create new things through careful research and experimentation. They conduct experiments and make detailed observations to solve problems and improve existing technologies. Some of their 2 inventions, like smartphones and the Internet, have become a big part of our 3 , transforming how we communicate, work, and entertain ourselves. These innovations continue to evolve, bringing more convenience and efficiency to people everywhere. Looking ahead, the development of clean energy solutions shows how inventions can also address environmental challenges for a sustainable future. The spirit of 4 and creativity continues to drive humanity forward in remarkable ways. Complete the following passage with the words in the box. Each can be used only once. (将下列单词填入空格。每个单词限填一次。) A．create      B．popular      C． museums       D．important       E. quickly Art plays a very 1 role in our lives. It helps us express feelings and share stories. Artists use different forms like painting, music and dance to create beautiful works. Some of these works become very 2 and are enjoyed by people all over the world. Visiting art galleries and 3 is a good way to learn about different cultures. We can see how artists use colours and shapes to show their ideas. Through their works, we can also understand more about history and society. Today, many young people are trying new ways to make art. They use digital tools and share their works online 4 . This allows more people to see and enjoy art in their daily lives. 进阶拓展训练5篇 A．canteens   B．along   C．outside   D．development   E.services The nighttime economy (夜市经济) China’s nighttime economy has made people enjoy their night hours 1 the home. It is often in cities between 6 p.m. and 6 a.m. Positive measures are good for the 2 of nighttime economy. Shanghai has added more parking places, taxi waiting areas and late-night bus 3 . Beijing extended the running time of its subway Line 1 and Line 2 on Fridays and Saturdays, requiring the last train to depart after 12 a.m. Late-night 4 will be developed and the 24-hour stores and the movie theaters will be extended to promote the nighttime economy. 从方框中选择合适的词，并用其适当形式填空，每词限用一次，有一项多余。 ancient, medical, life-saving, turn...into, volunteer, serious When a lot of people suffered from a 1 illness, Tu Youyou was chosen to find a cure. She read a lot of 2 Chinese medical books and found a plant called qinghao. Her team tried hard to 3 the plant’s active part 4 medicine. Finally, they succeeded and created a 5 drug named qinghaosu. Tu even 6 to test the drug on herself to make sure it was safe. This discovery changed the course of medicine and saved millions of lives. 将下列单词填入空格，每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次。（其中有一项多余） A．produced     B．completely     C．payment     D．period     E.value Money has played an important role in every civilisation. It has taken various forms and has changed many times over the centuries. The first form of 1 was the exchange of goods. People usually exchanged animal skins and meat, fruit and vegetables, cloth and precious stones. In ancient Egypt they used metal bars which were cut into smaller parts if necessary. In the seventh century BCE, the first coins appeared. They were usually made of silver or gold and their 2 depended on the amount of metal in each coin. With time, coins became very popular and many countries 3 their own system of money. Today, people pay for things in different ways: they pay in cash, by check or by credit card. The last one, it seems, is the most convenient form of payment. Many people believe that one day money in the form of coins, banknotes, checks and cards will 4 disappear and that all buying and selling will be done through the Internet. A．carried  B．difficult  C． easier  D．valuable  E. digital Money has a long history. In the past, people didn’t use coins or paper money. Instead, they traded goods directly. For example, a farmer might exchange his rice for a fisherman’s fish. However, this way of trading was often 1 because it was hard to decide how much rice was equal to one fish. Later, people started to use shells and metals as money. These things were small and durable. This made buying and selling things much 2 . Today, we mostly use coins, paper money, and bank cards. Now, with smartphones, 3 money is becoming more and more popular. People can pay by simply scanning a code. It is important for us to learn how to manage money wisely. We should understand that money is a tool to help us live, but it is not the only 4 thing in our lives. Things like health, knowledge, and friendship are also priceless. 选择最恰当的选项填入空格，每个选项只能使用一次。 A．success      B．inventors       C．invention       D．experiments       E.achievements Thomas Edison is one of history’s most famous 1 . Born in the US in 1847, he was curious and loved asking questions as a child. Though he attended school briefly, he kept learning by reading widely and doing 2 in his free time. Edison created over 1,000 inventions in his life, including the practical incandescent (白炽的) light bulb, phonograph (留声机) and motion picture camera. The light bulb greatly changed people’s lives—before it, people relied on candles or oil lamps. Edison’s bulb was safe, bright and easy to use, enabling people to work and study at night. Edison feared no failure.He once said, “Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration.” He tested over 1,600 materials for the light bulb before 3 . His hard work and perseverance inspired many. He died in 1931, but his inventions still affect our lives, showing that curiosity and diligence lead to great 4 . 能力综合实践5篇 Complete the following passage with the words in the box.Each can only be used once. ( 将下列单词填入空格，每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次) A．attractive      B．tried      C．surprising      D．expensive      E.areas There are many things in our everyday lives that have been invented accidentally. Some of these special accidents are quite 1 .       For example,at first jeans were made for workers.They were very strong and didn’t wear out easily.Later on,people who worked in different 2 found jeans could be used for a long time and they were fashionable and 3 . Thus, jeans became popular all over the world. The invention of the ballpoint pen was a surprise, too. Ladislas Biro, a Hungarian, found that pens weren’t clear enough. He 4 dry ink and a steel ball. Amazingly, this kind of pen could write clearly. F.mixture     G.hold     H.result     I.colourful      J.reason When you see 5 fireworks, you probably don’t think about a Chinese cook who, in old times, invented them. He put a few things together, which were common in the kitchen. The 6 burnt and formed beautiful light. Even the ice cream cones were the 7 of an accident. Ice cream cones were invented at the 1904 World’s Fair in St Louis, US. On a hot day, an ice cream vendor (小贩), had used up all of his cups to 8 ice cream. Another vendor shared some of his waffle-like pastry (网格状糕点) with him as cups. This new way to eat ice cream became a big hit. 将下列单词填入空格，每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次 A．attended     B．agreed     C．artist     D．refused     E.spent Mary Cassatt is considered one of America’s most famous female artists. She was born in Pennsylvania in 1844. When she was a child, Mary and her family 1 five years travelling and living in Europe. Mary saw the great art museums, and she wanted to become a(n) 2 .          When she was seventeen, she said that she wanted to go to Paris to study art. At that time, people thought that only men could become painters. It was not considered proper work for a woman. Her father 3 to let her study art. Finally he said she could study it if she went to a school near their home. She 4 the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts. A．great     B．painting     C．hated    D．masters     E.preferred In 1866, she again said that she had to go abroad to learn more about 5 . Her father agreed to let her go. At 22, she sailed for Paris. She lived in France, but she went to other countries in Europe. She spent a lot of time in museums. She worked hard to improve her work. She studied the famous paintings of the old 6 , and she copied and sketched for hours. She found, though, that she 7 the new ideas used by a group of artists living in Paris. They called themselves impressionists. Like them, Mary Cassatt tried to show real people and the real world. Because these ideas were new, it took some years before people recognised her as the 8 artist that she was. 选择最恰当的选项填入空格，每个选项只能使用一次。 A．on   B．in   C． countries   D．understand   E. photographers Sebastião Salgado is one of the world’s most respected 1 , famous for his powerful black-and-white images that tell stories of humanity and our planet. Unlike many photographers, Salgado spent years 2 each project to truly understand his subjects. For example, he spent nearly a decade creating his Workers series, documenting manual labourers in China, Cuba, Bangladesh, and many other 3 before their traditional ways of life disappeared. He does not just take pictures; he lives with the people, capturing their lives with deep respect. His famous Genesis project, which took eight years, is a beautiful love letter to the untouched parts of our Earth, featuring wild landscapes and remote tribes. Originally an economist from Brazil, Salgado brings a unique perspective to photography. His work is more than art; it’s a call to remember human strength, protect our environment, and 4 each other better. 阅读下面短文，从方框内的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 A．black ink B．more than C． gave up D．scared of  E. got into Chinese ink painting is a beautiful art. It uses simple brushstrokes to show deep artistic ideas. Some people are 1 trying this art because it looks difficult. But with practice, anyone can learn its basic (基础的) skills. When painting, the artists can create beautiful mountains, rivers, and flowers using just 2 . Through their hard work, they make artworks that look like silent (无声的) poems. Many artists first 3 ink painting when they were young. Once they started learning, they had to practise a lot to get over the challenge of using the brush correctly. However, some of them never   4 even when things got difficult. In this way, a simple brush and ink become 5 just tools. They become a bridge, connecting the artist’s heart to the silent poetry of nature. A．when    B．picked up    C． really    D．fresh    E. took off Picasso, the great Spanish painter, was born in 1881 and died in 1973. Before he passed away, he still 1 his brushes to start a new picture. He was still looking for new ideas and new ways to paint pictures like a young man. That’s why we call him the “youngest” painter. Young people welcome 2 ideas. They are always trying new things and new ways of doing things. Most painters discover a style of their own and stick to that, especially 3 people like their pictures. As the artist grows older, his picture may change, but not very much. But Picasso was like a man who had not 4 found his own style of painting. He was still trying to find the perfect expression for his own ideas. A．truly    B．memory    C． warned    D．mind    E. complained Picasso painted what he saw with his 5 as well as with his eyes. Gertrude Stein, a famous American writer who knew him, said that he painted from 6 , not as he saw it with his eyes. Picasso painted a picture of her in 1906. People 7 that the painting of Miss Stein didn’t look like her. But thirty years later Gertrude Stein said that Picasso’s painting of her was the only picture she knew that showed her as she 8 was. 2 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 1 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 期中复习之选词填空进阶练15篇 （紧贴新教材单元话题，Units 1-3） 说明：此专题分三个难度层次，基础入门训练<进阶拓展训练< 能力综合实践，老师根据学生实际情况进行针对性难度训练。 基础入门训练5篇   A．distances    B．without    C．safety    D．excuses    E.appearance The cashless times (无现金时代) Spending a day 1 cash or bank cards is perfectly normal in China. With the 2 of the QR code, online or offline payments are connected deeply. Mobile payment platforms WeChat Pay and Alipay have developed the cashless society in China. People use mobile payment, whether to pay utility bills (水电费), travel short or long 3 , make appointments at hospital or go shopping. We enjoy the convenience of a cashless society,but we should care about the 4 and privacy of payment. 【答案】1．B 2．E 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国无现金时代的现状。 1．句意：在中国，一天不带现金或银行卡是完全正常的。根据“Spending a day...cash or bank cards”以及备选词汇可知，此处表示一天不带现金或银行卡，“without”表示“没有”，作伴随状语，符合语境。故选B。 2．句意：随着二维码的出现，在线或离线支付紧密相连。根据“With the...of the QR code”以及备选词汇可知，此处表示随着二维码的出现，“appearance”表示“出现”，符合语境。故选E。 3．句意：人们使用移动支付，无论是支付水电费、短途或长途旅行、预约医院还是购物。根据“travel short or long...”以及备选词汇可知，此处表示短途或长途旅行，travel short or long distances表示“短途或长途旅行”，符合语境。故选A。 4．句意：我们享受无现金社会的便利，但我们应该关心支付的安全和隐私。根据“but we should care about the...and privacy of payment”以及备选词汇可知，此处表示我们应该关心支付的安全和隐私，“safety”表示“安全”，符合语境。故选C。 A．skin     B．invention     C．method     D．discovery     E.afford When you hold a book in your hands, please stop and think. It is the result of thousands of years of human 1 . First came the invention of writing. With it, people didn’t have to remember everything in their heads. They could communicate with people they never saw and share their knowledge with others. Later, the Greeks invented books with lots of pages to replace scrolls (卷轴). For more than a thousand years, the pages of books were made from animal 2 . That changed in the thirteenth century. The Chinese invented the 3 of making paper. After that, Johannes Gutenberg invented the printing press. Before that, books in Europe were copied by hand, so they were very expensive. The invention of the printing press made it possible for more people to 4 books. But human invention does not stop. Every year, more stories are bought as e-books and read on a screen. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了书籍的发展历史，从文字的发明、卷轴到纸质书籍，再到印刷术的出现，以及电子书的兴起，展现了人类发明如何推动知识传播和阅读方式的变化。 1．句意：它是人类数千年发明的结果。根据“First came the invention of writing.”可知，下文提到了文字的发明、书籍的出现等，因此这里指的是人类的“发明”。方框中invention意为“发明”，符合语境。故填B。 2．句意：在一千多年的时间里，书籍的书页是由动物皮制成的。根据“the pages of books were made from animal...”可知，这里指古代书页的制作材料是动物皮，方框中skin意为“皮；皮肤”，符合语境，animal skin表示“动物皮”。故填A。 3．句意：中国人发明了造纸的方法。根据“The Chinese invented the... of making paper”可知，这里指发明了造纸的方法，方框中method意为“方法”，符合语境，the method of making paper表示“造纸的方法”。故填C。 4．句意：印刷机的发明使更多的人能够买得起书成为可能。根据“Before that, books in Europe were copied by hand, so they were very expensive.”可知，之前的书很贵，印刷术发明后书变得更便宜，因此更多的人可以“买得起”。方框中afford意为“买得起；承担得起”，符合语境。 故填E。 A．problems    B．for example    C． what    D．possible     E. such as Money is something we use every day, but do you know how it started? Long long ago, people didn’t use money. They traded things they had for 1 they needed. For example, a farmer might exchange wheat for clothes, and a hunter could swap meat for tools. This way of trading is called barter. However, barter had many 2 . It was not easy to find someone who wanted what you had and had what you needed. So people began to use certain things as “money”. In different places, people used different items, 3 shells, stones, and even animal bones. Later, metal coins were invented. They were easy to carry and could be divided into small parts, which made trading much easier. As time went by, paper money appeared. Compared with metal coins, paper money is lighter and more convenient to carry. Today, we still use paper money and coins, but we also have digital money, like the money in our bank accounts or mobile payment apps. Money is very important in our society. It helps us buy food, clothes, and other daily necessities. It also makes business and trade 4 between different countries. But we should remember that money is just a tool to help us live a better life, not the most important thing in the world. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．E 4．D 【导语】本文介绍了货币的起源与发展历程。 1．句意：他们用自己拥有的物品交换他们所需要的东西。此处需要一个连接代词引导宾语从句，且在从句中作宾语。“what”可以引导宾语从句并充当从句中的宾语，意为“……的东西”，符合语法和句意。 2．句意：然而，物物交换有很多问题。此处需要一个名词作宾语，“problems”意为“问题”，与“had many”搭配表示“有很多问题”，符合后文描述的不便之处。 3．句意：在不同的地方，人们使用不同的物品，例如贝壳、石头甚至动物骨头。此处需要一个短语引出举例。“such as”意为“例如”，用于列举同类事物中的几个例子，符合语境。“for example”也表示“例如”，但“for example”通常用于举例说明一个完整句子，后面常跟逗号。 4．句意：它也使商业和贸易在不同国家之间成为可能。此处需要一个形容词作宾语补足语，修饰“business and trade”。“possible”意为“可能的”，与“make”搭配构成“make sth. possible”结构，表示“使某事成为可能”，符合句意。 Complete the following passage with the words or phrase in the box. Each can be used only once. There is one extra. (将下列单词或词组填入空格。每个单词或词组限填一次，其中有一项为多余选项) A．useful     B．changed     C．exploration    D．daily life     E.economy Throughout history, inventions and discoveries have greatly 1 our world. They help us understand nature and make our lives easier while opening up new possibilities for human progress. Scientists work hard every day to create new things through careful research and experimentation. They conduct experiments and make detailed observations to solve problems and improve existing technologies. Some of their 2 inventions, like smartphones and the Internet, have become a big part of our 3 , transforming how we communicate, work, and entertain ourselves. These innovations continue to evolve, bringing more convenience and efficiency to people everywhere. Looking ahead, the development of clean energy solutions shows how inventions can also address environmental challenges for a sustainable future. The spirit of 4 and creativity continues to drive humanity forward in remarkable ways. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了现代发明极大地改变了世界。 1．句意：纵观历史，发明和发现极大地改变了我们的世界。根据“our world”和备选词可知，发明和发现改变了世界，changed“改变”。 2．句意：他们的一些有用的发明，如智能手机和互联网，已经成为我们日常生活的重要组成部分，改变了我们沟通、工作和娱乐的方式。根据“like smartphones and the Internet”和备选词可知，智能手机和互联网这些都是有用的发明，useful“有用的”。 3．句意：他们的一些有用的发明，如智能手机和互联网，已经成为我们日常生活的重要组成部分，改变了我们沟通、工作和娱乐的方式。根据“transforming how we communicate, work, and entertain ourselves”和备选词可知，一些有用的发明已经成为我们日常生活的重要组成部分，daily life“日常生活”。 4．句意：探索和创造的精神继续以非凡的方式推动人类前进。根据“The spirit of ________ and creativity”和备选词可知，指的是探索和创造的精神，exploration“探索”。 Complete the following passage with the words in the box. Each can be used only once. (将下列单词填入空格。每个单词限填一次。) A．create      B．popular      C． museums       D．important       E. quickly Art plays a very 1 role in our lives. It helps us express feelings and share stories. Artists use different forms like painting, music and dance to create beautiful works. Some of these works become very 2 and are enjoyed by people all over the world. Visiting art galleries and 3 is a good way to learn about different cultures. We can see how artists use colours and shapes to show their ideas. Through their works, we can also understand more about history and society. Today, many young people are trying new ways to make art. They use digital tools and share their works online 4 . This allows more people to see and enjoy art in their daily lives. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．E 【导语】本文介绍了艺术在我们生活中的重要作用，包括艺术家的创作形式、经典艺术作品的影响力、参观艺术场馆的意义，以及当代年轻人利用数字工具快速分享艺术作品的新方式。 1．句意：艺术在我们的生活中起着非常重要的作用。空处修饰名词role，需填入形容词，play an important role in“在……中起重要作用”，固定搭配。选项B虽是形容词，但无法构成该固定搭配，不符合语义。 2．句意：其中一些作品变得非常受欢迎，受到了全世界人民的喜爱。空处位于系动词become之后，需填入形容词作表语，结合“are enjoyed by people”的语境，popular“受欢迎的”符合语义。选项D为形容词，但不符合“受大众喜爱”的逻辑，故排除。 3．句意：参观艺术画廊和博物馆是了解不同文化的一种好方法。空处与“art galleries”构成并列宾语，需填入表示场所的名词，museums“博物馆”是与艺术画廊同类的文化场所，符合语境。选项A、B、D、E均非表场所的名词，故排除。 4．句意：他们使用数字工具，并在网上快速分享自己的作品。空处修饰动词share，需填入副词，quickly“快速地”能准确描述数字时代网上分享作品的特点。选项A、B、C、D均不能修饰动词，故排除。 进阶拓展训练5篇 A．canteens   B．along   C．outside   D．development   E.services The nighttime economy (夜市经济) China’s nighttime economy has made people enjoy their night hours 1 the home. It is often in cities between 6 p.m. and 6 a.m. Positive measures are good for the 2 of nighttime economy. Shanghai has added more parking places, taxi waiting areas and late-night bus 3 . Beijing extended the running time of its subway Line 1 and Line 2 on Fridays and Saturdays, requiring the last train to depart after 12 a.m. Late-night 4 will be developed and the 24-hour stores and the movie theaters will be extended to promote the nighttime economy. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．E 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了中国夜市经济的发展及其相关措施。 1．句意：中国的夜市经济让人们在户外享受夜晚时光。根据“China’s nighttime economy has made people enjoy their night hours...the home.”及后文内容和备选词汇可知，夜市经济是在户外的。outside“在外面”符合语境。故选C。 2．句意：积极的措施有利于夜市经济的发展。根据“Positive measures are good for the...of nighttime economy.”和备选词汇可知，the后加名词，此处指“夜市经济的发展”，development“发展”符合语境。故选D。 3．句意：上海增加了更多停车位、出租车等候区和深夜公交服务。根据“Shanghai has added more parking places, taxi waiting areas and late-night bus...”和备选词汇可知，为了夜市经济增加公交服务。services“服务”符合语境。故选E。 4．深夜食堂将被开发，4小时商店和电影院将延长营业时间以促进夜市经济。根据“Late-night...will be developed and the 4-hour stores and the movie theaters will be extended to promote the nighttime economy.”和备选词汇可知，此处是与“the 4-hour stores”和“the movie theaters”并列的场所，canteens“食堂”符合语境。故选A。 从方框中选择合适的词，并用其适当形式填空，每词限用一次，有一项多余。 ancient, medical, life-saving, turn...into, volunteer, serious When a lot of people suffered from a 1 illness, Tu Youyou was chosen to find a cure. She read a lot of 2 Chinese medical books and found a plant called qinghao. Her team tried hard to 3 the plant’s active part 4 medicine. Finally, they succeeded and created a 5 drug named qinghaosu. Tu even 6 to test the drug on herself to make sure it was safe. This discovery changed the course of medicine and saved millions of lives. 【答案】1．serious 2．ancient 3．turn 4．into 5．life-saving 6．volunteered 【导语】本文讲述了屠呦呦团队研发青蒿素的过程，体现了科研人员的奉献精神。 1．句意：当很多人患上一种严重的疾病时，屠呦呦被选中去寻找治疗方法。根据“illness”为名词可知，需用形容词修饰，“serious”意为“严重的”，符合语境。故填serious。 2．句意：她阅读了大量中国古代医学典籍，发现了一种名为青蒿的植物。根据“Chinese medical books”可知，需用形容词修饰，“ancient”意为“古代的”，符合语境。故填ancient。 3．句意：她的团队努力将植物的活性成分转化为药物。结合备选词汇，“turn…into…”是固定搭配，意为“把……转化为……”，“try to do sth.”后接动词原形。故填turn。 4．句意：她的团队努力将植物的活性成分转化为药物。结合备选词汇，根据“turn…into…”是固定搭配，意为“把……转化为……”。故填into。 5．句意：最终，他们成功研发出了一种名为青蒿素的救命药物。根据“drug”为名词可知，需用形容词修饰，“life-saving”意为“救命的”，符合语境。故填life-saving。 6．句意：屠呦呦甚至自愿亲自测试这种药物，以确保其安全性。结合备选词汇，根据“volunteer to do sth.”是固定搭配，意为 “自愿做某事”可知，全文为一般过去时，用volunteer的过去式volunteered。故填volunteered。 将下列单词填入空格，每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次。（其中有一项多余） A．produced     B．completely     C．payment     D．period     E.value Money has played an important role in every civilisation. It has taken various forms and has changed many times over the centuries. The first form of 1 was the exchange of goods. People usually exchanged animal skins and meat, fruit and vegetables, cloth and precious stones. In ancient Egypt they used metal bars which were cut into smaller parts if necessary. In the seventh century BCE, the first coins appeared. They were usually made of silver or gold and their 2 depended on the amount of metal in each coin. With time, coins became very popular and many countries 3 their own system of money. Today, people pay for things in different ways: they pay in cash, by check or by credit card. The last one, it seems, is the most convenient form of payment. Many people believe that one day money in the form of coins, banknotes, checks and cards will 4 disappear and that all buying and selling will be done through the Internet. 【答案】1．C 2．E 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文主要介绍货币的各种形式，首先是交换，后来是金属，现在是现金或信用卡，最后作者说现金会完全消失，交易会在互联网上完成。 1．句意：第一种支付形式是货物交换。根据“The first form of...was the exchange of goods.”及备选词可知，这里指支付形式，payment意为“支付”，故选C。 2．句意：它们通常由银或金制成，其价值取决于每枚硬币中金属的含量。根据“They were usually made of silver or gold”和“...depended on the amount of metal in each coin”及备选词可知，这里指价值取决于每枚硬币中金属的含量，value意为“价值”，故选E。 3．句意：随着时间的推移，硬币变得非常流行，许多国家都产生了自己的货币体系。根据“many countries...their own system of money”及备选词可知，这里指产生了自己的货币体系，produced意为“产生”，故选A。 4．句意：许多人相信，有一天，硬币、钞票、支票和卡片等形式的货币将完全消失，所有的买卖都将通过互联网完成。分析句子可知，此处需要填入副词来修饰动词disappear，又由后面的句子“that all buying and selling will be done through the Internet”及备选词可知，这里指完全地消失，completely意为“完全地”，故选B。 A．carried  B．difficult  C． easier  D．valuable  E. digital Money has a long history. In the past, people didn’t use coins or paper money. Instead, they traded goods directly. For example, a farmer might exchange his rice for a fisherman’s fish. However, this way of trading was often 1 because it was hard to decide how much rice was equal to one fish. Later, people started to use shells and metals as money. These things were small and durable. This made buying and selling things much 2 . Today, we mostly use coins, paper money, and bank cards. Now, with smartphones, 3 money is becoming more and more popular. People can pay by simply scanning a code. It is important for us to learn how to manage money wisely. We should understand that money is a tool to help us live, but it is not the only 4 thing in our lives. Things like health, knowledge, and friendship are also priceless. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．E 4．D 【导语】本文介绍了货币的发展历史，从物物交换到现代数字货币，并强调了正确看待金钱的重要性。 1．句意：然而，这种交易方式通常很困难，因为很难决定多少大米等于一条鱼。“was often ____”表示“通常很困难”，“was”后需用形容词作表语。选项B“difficult”为形容词，意为“困难的”。 2．句意：这使得买卖东西变得容易得多。“made buying and selling things much ____”表示“使买卖东西变得容易得多”，“make+宾语+形容词”表示“使……处于某种状态”，“much”常用于修饰比较级，选项C“easier”为形容词比较级，意为“更容易的”。 3．句意：现在，随着智能手机的出现，数字货币变得越来越受欢迎。“____ money”表示“数字货币”，需用形容词修饰名词“money”。选项E“digital”为形容词，意为“数字的”。 4．句意：我们应该明白，金钱是帮助我们生活的工具，但它并不是我们生命中唯一有价值的东西。“the only ____ thing”表示“唯一有价值的东西”，需用形容词修饰名词“thing”。选项D“valuable”为形容词，意为“有价值的”。 选择最恰当的选项填入空格，每个选项只能使用一次。 A．success      B．inventors       C．invention       D．experiments       E.achievements Thomas Edison is one of history’s most famous 1 . Born in the US in 1847, he was curious and loved asking questions as a child. Though he attended school briefly, he kept learning by reading widely and doing 2 in his free time. Edison created over 1,000 inventions in his life, including the practical incandescent (白炽的) light bulb, phonograph (留声机) and motion picture camera. The light bulb greatly changed people’s lives—before it, people relied on candles or oil lamps. Edison’s bulb was safe, bright and easy to use, enabling people to work and study at night. Edison feared no failure.He once said, “Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration.” He tested over 1,600 materials for the light bulb before 3 . His hard work and perseverance inspired many. He died in 1931, but his inventions still affect our lives, showing that curiosity and diligence lead to great 4 . 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．E 【导语】本文主要介绍了著名发明家Thomas Edison，他一生自学钻研、发明超千项，极大改变了人类生活。他不惧失败、勤奋坚持，用实际行动证明了好奇心与努力能造就伟大成就。 1．句意：Thomas Edison是历史上最著名的发明家之一。根据Thomas Edison及所给单词可知，Thomas Edison是著名的发明家之一，inventors“发明家”，one of +形容词最高级+名词复数，表示“最……之一”。故选B。 2．句意：虽然他上学时间很短，但他通过广泛阅读和在空闲时间做实验来继续学习。根据doing及所给单词可知，是做实验，experiments“实验”，复数表泛指。故选D。 3．句意：在成功之前，他测试了1600多种灯泡材料。根据“He tested over 1,600 materials for the light bulb before...”可知，是在成功之前测试了多种材料，success“成功”，before后面加名词。故选A。 4．句意：他于1931年去世，但他的发明仍然影响着我们的生活，表明好奇心和勤奋会带来巨大的成就。根据“showing that curiosity and diligence lead to great ...”及所给单词可知，好奇心和勤奋会带来成就，achievements“成就”，复数形式表泛指。故选E。 能力综合实践5篇 Complete the following passage with the words in the box.Each can only be used once. ( 将下列单词填入空格，每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次) A．attractive      B．tried      C．surprising      D．expensive      E.areas There are many things in our everyday lives that have been invented accidentally. Some of these special accidents are quite 1 .       For example,at first jeans were made for workers.They were very strong and didn’t wear out easily.Later on,people who worked in different 2 found jeans could be used for a long time and they were fashionable and 3 . Thus, jeans became popular all over the world. The invention of the ballpoint pen was a surprise, too. Ladislas Biro, a Hungarian, found that pens weren’t clear enough. He 4 dry ink and a steel ball. Amazingly, this kind of pen could write clearly. F.mixture     G.hold     H.result     I.colourful      J.reason When you see 5 fireworks, you probably don’t think about a Chinese cook who, in old times, invented them. He put a few things together, which were common in the kitchen. The 6 burnt and formed beautiful light. Even the ice cream cones were the 7 of an accident. Ice cream cones were invented at the 1904 World’s Fair in St Louis, US. On a hot day, an ice cream vendor (小贩), had used up all of his cups to 8 ice cream. Another vendor shared some of his waffle-like pastry (网格状糕点) with him as cups. This new way to eat ice cream became a big hit. 【答案】1．C 2．E 3．A 4．B 5．I 6．F 7．H 8．G 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了日常生活中许多物品（如牛仔裤、圆珠笔、烟花、蛋卷冰淇淋）都是偶然发明的，介绍了它们的发明背景和过程。 1．句意：这些特别的意外发明中，有一些相当令人惊讶。根据“Some of these special accidents are quite ...”可知，此处需要形容词作表语，描述这些意外发明的特点。结合下文“发明圆珠笔也是一个惊喜”的例子，能看出这些发明是出人意料的。方框中surprising意为“令人惊讶的”，符合语境。故填C。 2．句意：后来，在不同领域工作的人们发现牛仔裤可以穿很长时间，而且它们既时尚又有吸引力。根据“people who worked in different ...”可知，different后需要接复数名词，表示不同的工作领域。方框中areas意为“领域；地区”，是复数形式，符合语境。故填E。 3．句意：后来，在不同领域工作的人们发现牛仔裤可以穿很长时间，而且它们既时尚又有吸引力。根据“they were fashionable and ...”可知，and连接两个并列的形容词，描述牛仔裤的优点。方框中attractive意为“有吸引力的”，与fashionable并列，符合语境。故填A。 4．句意：他尝试了干墨水和一个钢珠。令人惊讶的是，这种笔可以清晰地书写。根据“Ladislas Biro, a Hungarian, found that pens weren't clear enough. He ... dry ink and a steel ball.”可知，此处需要动词作谓语，描述他为了改进笔所做的尝试。句子时态为一般过去时，方框中tried是try的过去式，意为“尝试”，符合语境。故填B。 5．句意：当你看到五颜六色的烟花时，你可能不会想到一位古代的中国厨师发明了它们。根据“When you see ... fireworks, you probably don't think about a Chinese cook who, in old times, invented them.”可知，此处需要形容词修饰名词fireworks，描述烟花的特点。方框中colourful意为“五颜六色的”，符合语境。故填I。 6．句意：这种混合物燃烧并形成了美丽的光。根据“He put a few things together, which were common in the kitchen. The ... burnt and formed beautiful light.”可知，此处需要名词指代厨师在厨房混合的几种东西。方框中mixture意为“混合物”，符合语境。故填F。 7．句意：甚至蛋卷冰淇淋也是一次意外的结果。根据“Even the ice cream cones were the ... of an accident.”可知，此处需要名词表示蛋卷冰淇淋是意外事件的产物。方框中result意为“结果”，符合语境。故填H。 8．句意：在一个炎热的日子里，一个冰淇淋小贩用光了所有用来装冰淇淋的杯子。根据“Another vendor shared some of his waffle-like pastry with him as cups. This new way to eat ice cream became a big hit.”可知，杯子的用途是盛放冰淇淋。方框中hold意为“容纳；拿着”，与to构成不定式，作后置定语修饰cups，符合语境。故填G。 将下列单词填入空格，每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次 A．attended     B．agreed     C．artist     D．refused     E.spent Mary Cassatt is considered one of America’s most famous female artists. She was born in Pennsylvania in 1844. When she was a child, Mary and her family 1 five years travelling and living in Europe. Mary saw the great art museums, and she wanted to become a(n) 2 .          When she was seventeen, she said that she wanted to go to Paris to study art. At that time, people thought that only men could become painters. It was not considered proper work for a woman. Her father 3 to let her study art. Finally he said she could study it if she went to a school near their home. She 4 the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts. A．great     B．painting     C．hated    D．masters     E.preferred In 1866, she again said that she had to go abroad to learn more about 5 . Her father agreed to let her go. At 22, she sailed for Paris. She lived in France, but she went to other countries in Europe. She spent a lot of time in museums. She worked hard to improve her work. She studied the famous paintings of the old 6 , and she copied and sketched for hours. She found, though, that she 7 the new ideas used by a group of artists living in Paris. They called themselves impressionists. Like them, Mary Cassatt tried to show real people and the real world. Because these ideas were new, it took some years before people recognised her as the 8 artist that she was. 【答案】1．E 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．B 6．D 7．E 8．A 【导语】本文介绍了美国著名女艺术家玛丽·卡萨特（Mary Cassatt）的生平及艺术追求。 1．句意：当她还是个孩子的时候，玛丽和她的家人花了五年时间在欧洲旅行和生活。根据“five years travelling and living in Europe”可知，此处是说花了五年时间在欧洲旅行和生活，备选词spent“花费”符合语境，spend time doing sth.“花费时间做某事”。故选E。 2．句意：玛丽看到了伟大的艺术博物馆，她想成为一名艺术家。根据“Mary saw the great art museums”可知，此处是说她想成为一名艺术家，备选词artist“艺术家”符合语境，a后接名词单数。故选C。 3．句意：她父亲拒绝让她学习艺术。根据“Finally he said she could study it if she went to a school near their home.”可知，此处是说她父亲拒绝让她学习艺术，备选词refused“拒绝”符合语境，根据“At that time”可知，句子是一般过去时，动词用过去式。故选D。 4．句意：她就读于宾夕法尼亚美术学院。根据“the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts”可知，此处是说她就读于宾夕法尼亚美术学院，备选词attended“参加，就读”符合语境，根据“Finally he said she could study it if she went to a school near their home.”可知，句子是一般过去时，动词用过去式。故选A。 5．句意：在1866年，她再次表示必须出国学习更多绘画知识。根据“she again said that she had to go abroad to learn more about”可知，此处是说必须出国学习更多绘画知识，备选词painting“绘画”符合语境。故选B。 6．句意：她研究了古代大师的著名画作，并花了数小时临摹和素描。根据“She studied the famous paintings of the old”可知，此处是说她研究了古代大师的著名画作，备选词masters“大师”符合语境，根据“the old”可知，此处用名词复数。故选D。 7．句意：不过，她发现自己更喜欢生活在巴黎的一群艺术家所使用的新思想。根据“the new ideas used by a group of artists living in Paris”可知，此处是说她发现自己更喜欢生活在巴黎的一群艺术家所使用的新思想，备选词preferred“更喜欢”符合语境，根据“found”可知，句子是一般过去时，动词用过去式。故选E。 8．句意：由于这些想法是新的，人们花了好几年时间才承认她是一位伟大的艺术家。根据“artist that she was”可知，此处是说承认她是一位伟大的艺术家，备选词great“伟大的”符合语境，修饰名词artist。故选A。 选择最恰当的选项填入空格，每个选项只能使用一次。 A．on   B．in   C． countries   D．understand   E. photographers Sebastião Salgado is one of the world’s most respected 1 , famous for his powerful black-and-white images that tell stories of humanity and our planet. Unlike many photographers, Salgado spent years 2 each project to truly understand his subjects. For example, he spent nearly a decade creating his Workers series, documenting manual labourers in China, Cuba, Bangladesh, and many other 3 before their traditional ways of life disappeared. He does not just take pictures; he lives with the people, capturing their lives with deep respect. His famous Genesis project, which took eight years, is a beautiful love letter to the untouched parts of our Earth, featuring wild landscapes and remote tribes. Originally an economist from Brazil, Salgado brings a unique perspective to photography. His work is more than art; it’s a call to remember human strength, protect our environment, and 4 each other better. 【答案】1．E 2．A 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了世界著名摄影师Sebastião Salgado，他以震撼人心的黑白影像闻名。他愿意花费数年时间深入每个拍摄项目，其作品不仅是艺术，更呼吁人们铭记人类力量、保护环境并更好地理解彼此。 1．句意：Sebastião Salgado是世界上最受尊敬的摄影师之一，他以那些讲述人类与地球故事的震撼人心的黑白影像而闻名。此处需要一个可数名词复数。因为固定结构“one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”意为“最……的……之一”，且根据后文“famous for his powerful black-and-white images”以及第二段开头的“Unlike many photographers”可知，他的职业是摄影师。photographers意为“摄影师”。 2．句意：与许多摄影师不同，Salgado在每个项目上都花费数年时间，以求真正理解他的拍摄对象。此处需要一个介词。因为前文为“spent years”，后接名词短语“each project”，固定搭配“spend time on sth.”意为“在某事上花费时间”，所以选择on。 3．句意：例如，他花了将近十年的时间创作《工人》系列，记录了中国、古巴、孟加拉国以及许多其他国家的体力劳动者在他们传统生活方式消失前的生活。此处需要一个名词复数。因为前文列举了“China, Cuba, Bangladesh”，这些都是具体的国家名称，且空前有“many other”修饰，说明后面也要填入同类事物，所以选择countries。countries意为“国家”。 4．句意：他的作品不仅仅是艺术；它呼吁人们铭记人类的力量，保护我们的环境，并更好地理解彼此。此处需要一个动词原形。因为连词“and”将其与前文的“remember”和“protect”连接，构成并列的不定式短语作后置定语，且结合后文宾语“each other better”，表达增进相互理解之意，所以选择understand。understand意为“理解”。 阅读下面短文，从方框内的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 A．black ink B．more than C． gave up D．scared of  E. got into Chinese ink painting is a beautiful art. It uses simple brushstrokes to show deep artistic ideas. Some people are 1 trying this art because it looks difficult. But with practice, anyone can learn its basic (基础的) skills. When painting, the artists can create beautiful mountains, rivers, and flowers using just 2 . Through their hard work, they make artworks that look like silent (无声的) poems. Many artists first 3 ink painting when they were young. Once they started learning, they had to practise a lot to get over the challenge of using the brush correctly. However, some of them never   4 even when things got difficult. In this way, a simple brush and ink become 5 just tools. They become a bridge, connecting the artist’s heart to the silent poetry of nature. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．E 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国水墨画这门艺术。 1．句意：一些人害怕尝试这种艺术因为它看起来难。根据“it looks difficult”及备选词汇可知，有些人因为觉得中国水墨画看起来难，所以害怕尝试。be scared of doing sth.表示“害怕做某事”。故选D。 2．句意：绘画时，艺术家们仅用黑色的墨水就能创作出美丽的山川、河流和花朵。根据常识，中国水墨画主要是用黑色的墨水来创作的。black ink表示“黑色的墨水”。故选A。 3．句意：许多艺术家年轻时就开始接触水墨画。根据“when they were young”以及“Once they started learning”可知，很多艺术家在年轻时就开始接触水墨画。get into表示“开始从事、接触”。故选E。 4．句意：然而、即使事情变得困难，他们中的一些人也从未放弃。根据“even when things got difficult”及备选词汇可知，即使事情变得困难，有些人也从不放弃。give up表示“放弃”。故选C。 5．句意：一支简单的毛笔和墨水就不仅仅是工具了。根据“They become a bridge, connecting the artist’s heart to the silent poetry of nature.”及备选词汇可知，一支简单的毛笔和墨水不仅仅是工具，它们成为了连接艺术家心灵和自然无声诗意的桥梁。more than表示“不仅仅是”。故选B。 A．when    B．picked up    C． really    D．fresh    E. took off Picasso, the great Spanish painter, was born in 1881 and died in 1973. Before he passed away, he still 1 his brushes to start a new picture. He was still looking for new ideas and new ways to paint pictures like a young man. That’s why we call him the “youngest” painter. Young people welcome 2 ideas. They are always trying new things and new ways of doing things. Most painters discover a style of their own and stick to that, especially 3 people like their pictures. As the artist grows older, his picture may change, but not very much. But Picasso was like a man who had not 4 found his own style of painting. He was still trying to find the perfect expression for his own ideas. A．truly    B．memory    C． warned    D．mind    E. complained Picasso painted what he saw with his 5 as well as with his eyes. Gertrude Stein, a famous American writer who knew him, said that he painted from 6 , not as he saw it with his eyes. Picasso painted a picture of her in 1906. People 7 that the painting of Miss Stein didn’t look like her. But thirty years later Gertrude Stein said that Picasso’s painting of her was the only picture she knew that showed her as she 8 was. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．C 5．D 6．B 7．E 8．A 【导语】本文介绍了毕加索作为伟大画家的独特之处，包括他不断探索新风格、凭记忆作画及其作品对人物本质的深刻展现。 1．句意：在去世前，他仍拿起画笔开始创作新画。根据“Before he passed away, he still...his brushes to start a new picture.”可知，本空缺少谓语，本句表示“拿起”画笔作画，选词picked up“拿起，捡起”。故选B。 2．句意：年轻人欢迎新思想。根据“They are always trying new things and new ways of doing things.”可知，年轻人总是尝试新事物，即他们欢迎新思想，本空缺少形容词作定语，选词fresh“新鲜的”。故选D。 3．句意：多数画家找到自己的风格后会坚持，尤其是当人们喜欢他们的画时。根据“Most painters discover a style of their own and stick to that, especially...people like their pictures.”可知，本空缺少连接词，选词when“当……时”，引导时间状语从句。故选A。 4．句意：但毕加索就像一个还没真正找到自己绘画风格的人。根据“Picasso was like a man who had not...found his own style”可知，本空缺少副词修饰动词，选词really“真正地”。故选C。 5．句意：毕加索用头脑和眼睛描绘他所看到的东西。根据“Picasso painted what he saw with his...as well as with his eyes.”可知，本空缺少名词，本句表示用“头脑”和眼睛作画，选词mind“头脑”。故选D。 6．句意：认识他的美国著名作家格特鲁德·斯泰因说，他是凭记忆作画，而非用眼睛所见。根据“he painted from..., not as he saw it with his eyes”可知，本空缺少名词，本句表示凭“记忆”作画，而非用眼睛所见，选词memory“记忆”。故选B。 7．句意：人们抱怨斯泰因小姐的画像不像她本人。根据“Picasso painted a picture of her in 1906. People...that the painting of Miss Stein didn’t look like her.”可知，本空缺少谓语动词，画像不像本人，人们对画家的态度应该是“抱怨”，选词complained“抱怨”。故选E。 8．句意：但三十年后，格特鲁德·斯泰因说毕加索为她画的画是她所知道的唯一一幅展现她真实模样的画。根据“showed her as she...was”可知，本空缺少副词修饰be动词，选词truly“真实地”。故选A。 2 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 1 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $