UNIT 1 Section Ⅱ Grammar and usage(学用Word)-【优学精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第三册(译林版)

2026-03-29
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学段 高中
学科 英语
教材版本 高中英语译林版必修第三册
年级 高一
章节 Grammar and usage
类型 教案-讲义
知识点 -
使用场景 同步教学-新授课
学年 2026-2027
地区(省份) 全国
地区(市) -
地区(区县) -
文件格式 ZIP
文件大小 337 KB
发布时间 2026-03-29
更新时间 2026-03-29
作者 拾光树文化
品牌系列 优学精讲·高中同步
审核时间 2026-03-29
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Section Ⅱ Grammar and usage 省 略 阅读下列句子并思考加黑部分的用法。 1.Jack:Hi, Henry! Did you watch the documentary about environmental protection on TV yesterday? Henry:No, I didn’t (watch the documentary about environmental protection on TV yesterday). 2.You can watch it online if you want to (watch it). 3.You’d better not take medicine unless your doctor told you to (take medicine). 4.I felt worried when (I was) watching the documentary. 5.Some call for the application of modern technology, and others (call for) a change of lifestyle. 6.(Have you) Got any ideas? 7.(It/That) Sounds great! 【我的发现】 (1)由句   可以看出,在简短对话中,答句常保留主语和助动词,省略其后的      以及上句中出现过的其他内容。 (2)由句    可以看出,动词不定式作宾语或宾语补足语时,在后句的动词不定式结构中,常省略与前句重复的     后面的内容。 (3)由句   可以看出,若从句的主语与主句的主语相同,且从句谓语中有be动词时,常省略从句的     和      。本句是    从句的省略。 (4)由句   可以看出,在并列句结构中,常省略与前面相同的主语、    或其他成分。 (5)由句    可以看出,在非正式场合,如果语境清晰,常省略    或“主语+谓语的一部分”。   在英语中,为了使语言简洁或避免重复,在一些句子中常常省去一个或某几个成分,这种语法现象称为省略。 一、词法上的省略 (一)动词不定式的省略 1.当动词不定式在某些形容词 afraid, anxious, eager, glad, happy, ready, willing等后作状语时,to后的内容常省略。 You can’t force him to answer the question if he’s not ready to (answer the question). 如果他不愿意回答这个问题,你不能强迫他。 2.当动词不定式在某些使役动词(make, let, have等)和感官动词(see, watch, notice, observe, hear等)后作宾语补足语时须省略to,但若这些动词用于被动语态,则to不能省略。 While watching television, we heard the doorbell ring just now. =While watching television, the doorbell was heard to ring just now. 刚才在看电视时,我们听到门铃响了。 3.当动词不定式在某些动词后作宾语时,to后的内容常可省略。常见的动词有agree, afford, expect, forget, hope, manage, pretend, refuse, remember, want, wish等。 He asked me to help him lock the door, but I forgot to (lock the door). 他让我帮他锁门,但是我忘了。 4.并列的动词不定式可以省略后面的不定式符号to。但若两个不定式之间表示对比关系时,则不能省略to。 I’d like to stay with you, help you and learn from you. 我愿意留在你身边,帮助你并向你学习。 He believes it important to study rather than to make friends.(比较) 他认为重要的是学习而不是交朋友。 5.作介词but, except (除了), besides的宾语,且前面有实义动词do的任何形式时,后面的动词不定式常省略 to。 All he could do was nothing but wait and see. 他所能做的就是静观其变。 6.当动词不定式在be going to, be able to, have to, ought to, used to等后作复合谓语时,动词不定式可省略,但要保留动词不定式符号 to。 They didn’t visit their parents as much as they ought to (visit their parents). 他们应该多看望父母,但他们没有。 (二)使用so, not等的替代性省略 1.在think, believe, expect, suppose和it appears/seems之后,表示同意前面说过的话时,可以用so代替单词(形容词、副词)、词组或句子;表示对前面说过的话加以否定时,可以用not或not ...so。 —Can you finish your work today? —I think so./I don’t think so./I think not. ——你今天能完成工作吗? ——我觉得可以。/我觉得完不成。 2.if not可视为一个否定的条件状语从句省略;if so的意思是“如果是那样的话”。 Get up early tomorrow.If not (If you don’t get up early), you will miss the first bus. 明天要早起,如果不早起,你就赶不上头班公共汽车了。 He may not be at home.If so (If he is not at home then), leave him a note. 他可能不在家。如果他不在家的话,给他留个便条。 【即时演练1】 完成句子 ①The children were made                                                                     . 孩子们被迫每天练三小时钢琴。 ②The old man                       and watch people passing by. 老人无事可做,只能坐在长椅上看着人们来来往往。 ③Some people suggested that she reconsider the matter, but                        . 有人建议她重新考虑这件事,但她拒绝了。 ④You may have finished your homework.       , you can go out to play football. 你可能已经完成了作业。如果是那样的话,你可以出去踢足球了。 二、句法上的省略 (一)简单句中的省略 1.在非正式场合,如果语境清晰,常省略主语或主语和谓语的一部分。 (It) Sounds like a good idea. 听起来是个好主意。 (Have you) Heard anything about Bob lately? 最近(你)听说过鲍勃的事情吗? 2.在简短对话中,答语常保留主语和助动词,省略其后主要动词以及上句出现过的其他内容。 —Are you ready? —Yes, I am (ready). ——你准备好了吗? ——是的,我准备好了。 I borrowed from Peter but I paid (Peter) the money soon. 我向彼得借了钱,但我很快就还(彼得)钱了。(省略了宾语Peter) 【即时演练2】 补全下列省略句 ①Want a hand? →       want a hand? ②Anything else to say? →            anything else to say? ③What clever boys! →What clever boys                        ! ④Some students like math; others science. →Some students like math; others           science. ⑤She sings more beautifully than last year. →She sings more beautifully than         last year. ⑥Let’s clean the rooms.I’ll sweep and you’ll mop. →Let’s clean the rooms.I’ll sweep         and you’ll mop        . (二)并列句中的省略 在由and或but连接的并列句中,常省略一些重复的词或词组。 1.如果主语不同,而谓语动词中的一部分相同,则省略谓语动词中相同的部分。 Sarah must have been reading a novel and Tom (must have been) watching TV. 莎拉一定在看小说,而汤姆一定在看电视。 2.主语相同,谓语动词也相同,则可以省略后面的主语和谓语。 His suggestions made John happy, but (his suggestions made) Mary angry. 他的建议使约翰高兴,但使玛丽生气。 3.主语相同,而谓语动词不同,则可省略主语。 Mr Brown stopped drinking coffee for a few days, but (he) quickly went back to his old habit. 布朗先生有几天不喝咖啡了,但很快又重拾旧习。 4.在并列复合句中,如果that从句从属于第二个并列句且它的谓语动词和宾语等其他成分与第一个并列句相同时,这个that 从句通常可以省略这些相同的部分。 Emily will attend the meeting, but I’m sure David won’t (attend the meeting). 艾米丽会参加会议,但我肯定大卫不会参加会议。 【即时演练3】 完成句子 ①My room is on the fifth floor, and                                                                     . 我的房间在五楼,她的在八楼。 ②Lucy passed the English exam and Lily             . 露西通过了英语考试,莉莉通过了数学考试。 ③Mike said that he would come to school to see me,                    . 迈克说他会来学校看我,但他没来。 ④She has a talent for dancing                                                                     . 她有跳舞的天赋,但她妹妹没有。 (三)复合句中的省略 1.状语从句中的省略 (1)在when, while, if, as if, though, although, as, until, once, unless, whenever等引导的状语从句中,当状语从句的主语和主句的主语相同,且从句谓语中含有be动词的某种形式,或从句的主语为it时,则从句中的主语和be动词常被省略。 While (you are) cycling, don’t forget the traffic lights. 骑车时,不要忘记看红绿灯。 When (the grapes are) ripe, the grapes will be delicious. 等(葡萄)熟了,葡萄会很好吃的。 If (it is) possible, I wish to go there next summer. 如果可能的话,我希望明年夏天去那儿。 (2)在than, as等引导的比较状语从句中常省略某些成分。 He runs as fast as Bob (runs). 他和鲍勃跑得一样快。 The film is more interesting than (it was) expected. 这部电影比预想的有趣。 名师点津 若省略句中的谓语动词和主语之间构成主动关系,则使用动词-ing形式;若构成被动关系,则使用动词-ed形式;若谓语动词表示的动作尚未发生,则使用动词不定式。 When (it is) heated, ice can turn into water. 加热的时候冰可以变成水。 2.定语从句中的省略 在限制性定语从句中,作宾语用的关系代词who, whom, which, that可以省略(但whom, which紧跟在介词后时不能省略); 修饰way的关系词that/in which可以省略。 Where is the book (which/that) I bought this morning? 今天上午我买的那本书在哪里? He’s the man (whom/who/that) you can safely depend on. 他是你能放心信赖的人。 The way (that/in which) he speaks to us is really annoying. 他对我们讲话的方式真是让人讨厌。 The exact year (which/that) Angela and her family spent together in China was 2020. 安吉拉和她的家人一起在中国度过的具体时间是2020年。 3.宾语从句中的省略 在宾语从句中连接词that一般可以省略;但如果及物动词接两个或两个以上that引导的宾语从句,那么只有第一个that可以省略。 I truly believe (that) beauty comes from within. 我真的相信美丽来自内心。 He said (that) the text was very important and that we should learn it by heart. 他说这篇课文很重要,我们应该牢记在心。 【即时演练4】 把下列句子改为省略句 ①If it is possible, we will finish the task ahead of time. →        , we will finish the task ahead of time. ②The summers in Beijing are not as cool as they are in Harbin. →The summers in Beijing are not             . ③The water boils when it is heated. →The water boils                        . ④When it is necessary, you can ask for help. →           , you can ask for help. ⑤This is the book which you are eager to read. →This is the book                        . ⑥Even if he was invited, he didn’t want to go. →        , he didn’t want to go. ⑦We believe that if we put our heart into it, we will succeed sooner or later. →We believe                                                                     . 1.come up with 想出,想到 教材原句 All of them come up with creative ideas on how to solve these problems. 他们所有人都想出了关于如何解决这些问题的创造性的想法。 【用法】 come about   发生;产生 come across (偶然)遇见;发现;被理解 come up 被提出;出现;发芽 come out 出来;长出;出版,发行;结果是 come to 共计;达到 when it comes to (doing) ... 当谈到(做)……时 【佳句】 I’m sure he’ll come up with an excuse for being late. 我确信他会为迟到想出一个借口。 【点津】 come up的主语是物,表示“(计划、建议、方案等)被提出”,为不及物动词短语,不能用于被动语态;而come up with的主语是人或团体组织,表示“(某人)提出”,为及物动词短语。 【练透】 用come的相关短语填空 ①The students were asked to        ways to protect the environment. ②As soon as the project         at the meeting, it attracted many people’s attention. ③To her surprise, she         an old friend in the strange city yesterday. ④It is said that the magazine        once a month. ⑤How did it         ?Tell me about it in detail. 【写美】 完成句子 ⑥                   , I know nothing. 当谈到修电脑时,我一无所知。 2.call for (公开)要求;需要 教材原句 Some call for the application of modern technology, and others a change of lifestyle. 一些人要求运用现代科学技术,而另一些人则要求改变生活方式。 【用法】 call at    拜访(某个地点);(火车等)停靠 call off 取消;停止进行 call on/upon 拜访(某人);号召;要求(某人讲 话等);正式邀请 call in 请来;收回 call up 给……打电话;使回忆起,使想起 call back 回电话;收回 【佳句】 The problem is that studying those species calls for a lot of patience. 问题是,研究那些物种需要有很大的耐心。 I’ll call at the library on my way home to borrow some books. 我回家路上会去图书馆一趟,借几本书。 【练透】 用call的相关短语填空 ①The public are         an end to air pollution. ②This picture         memories of my taking part in that half-marathon. ③They had to         the football match because of the heavy rain. ④The famous actor was          to attend the charity event. ⑤Twenty volunteers were         to set up shelters for the survivors. 【写美】 完成句子 ⑥The present situation               . 目前的形势需要立即采取行动。 3.application n.应用,运用;申请 【用法】 (1)apply vt.& vi.     应用;申请;涂;有关 apply (to ...) for ... (向……)申请…… apply to 适用于;与……有关 apply oneself to ... 专心于…… apply ...to ... 把……运用到……;把……涂到…… (2)applicant n. 申请人 【佳句】 The applicants must hand in their applications first if they want to apply for the job.申请人如果想申请这份工作,就必须先上交他们的申请书。 (人教必修二)Since the 1970s many new applications have been found for me. 从20世纪70年代起,我又被开发出了很多新的用途。 【练透】 单句语法填空 ①It was reported that they had got 300     (apply) for the scholarship. ②After a short holiday, he applied     (he) to his work again. ③To make our research useful, we need to apply our findings       practical problems. 【写美】 完成句子 ④I wish                           advertised in the Daily News on 30 June. 我想应聘6月30日《每日新闻》上刊登的当地导游的职位。 提示:完成课后作业 UNIT 1 Section Ⅱ 9 / 9 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $ Section Ⅱ Grammar and usage 【重难语法·要攻克】 我的发现 (1)1 主要动词 (2)2、3 to (3)4 主语 be动词 状语 (4)5 谓语  (5)6、7 主语 即时演练1 ①to practice the piano for three hours every day ②had nothing to do but sit on the bench ③she refused to ④If so 即时演练2 ①You ②Is there ③they are ④like ⑤she sang ⑥the rooms; the rooms 即时演练3 ①hers (is) on the eighth (floor) ②(passed) the math exam ③but he didn’t (come to school to see me) ④but her sister doesn’t (have a talent for dancing) 即时演练4 ①If possible ②as cool as in Harbin ③when heated ④When necessary ⑤you are eager to read ⑥Even if invited ⑦if we put our heart into it, we will succeed sooner or later 【核心知识·巧突破】 1.①come up with ②came up ③came across ④comes out ⑤come about ⑥When it comes to repairing a computer 2.①calling for ②called up ③call off ④called on ⑤called in ⑥calls for immediate action 3.①applications ②himself ③to ④to apply for the position of a local tour guide 9 / 9 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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UNIT 1 Section Ⅱ Grammar and usage(学用Word)-【优学精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第三册(译林版)
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UNIT 1 Section Ⅱ Grammar and usage(学用Word)-【优学精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第三册(译林版)
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UNIT 1 Section Ⅱ Grammar and usage(学用Word)-【优学精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第三册(译林版)
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