UNIT 6 Section Ⅱ Using language-【优学精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册教用课件(外研版)

2026-06-02
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教辅
拾光树文化
进店逛逛

摘要:

该高中英语课件聚焦情态动词用法及“情态动词+have+过去分词”句型,以节日主题美文诵读导入,通过例句解析建立初步认知,再系统讲解语法规则与三维动态语法观,构建从感知到应用的学习支架。 其亮点在于采用“先感悟—会发现—善归纳—运用练”模式,结合语言能力培养与思维品质提升,如can/could用法通过例句感知、归纳功能,再经检测巩固。融入语法与写作、语篇练习,助力学生系统掌握语法并迁移应用,也为教师提供完整教学链条,提升教学效率。

内容正文:

Section Ⅱ Using language 目 录 01 重难语法·要攻克 02 随堂检测·要过关 03 知识要点·须拾遗 04 课时检测·提能力 重难语法·要攻克 目 录 复习:情态动词   Festivals are celebrated all around the world.They have a wide range of origins, such as the seasons of the year, religions and important events.Festivals can① also be held to honour famous people.Some festivals are held to honour the dead or to satisfy the ancestors, who might② return either to help or to do harm.Most ancient festivals would③ celebrate the end of cold weather, planting in spring and harvest in autumn.Most restaurants ought to④ be full of people during these 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册(WY) festivals.For the Japanese festival Obon, people should⑤ go to clean graves and light incense in memory of their ancestors.And if you study festivals carefully, you may⑥ be surprised to find that different cultures actually have a lot in common after all. 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册(WY) ①can表示许可,意为“可以”; ②might表示推测,意为“可能会”; ③would表示过去的习惯性动作,意为“过去常会”; ④ought to是情态动词,意为“应该”; ⑤should表示劝告或建议,意为“应该”; ⑥may表示推测,意为“也许会”。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册(WY) ——运用“形式—意义—使用”相结合的三维动态语 法观 一、情态动词的概念 情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义,表示说话人的情绪、态度或语气 的动词,但不能单独作谓语,只能和其他动词原形构成谓语。 二、情态动词知多少 常用的情态动词有shall, should, will (would), can (could), may (might), must, ought to, dare, need。现代英语语法还将 have to, used to, had better, would rather, be going to, be about to 等列为情态动词。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册(WY) 三、情态动词的位置 情态动词在句中放在谓语动词之前,谓语动词前若有助动词,则在助 动词之前;疑问句中,情态动词则在主语之前。 四、情态动词的特点 1. 情态动词后跟动词原形,无人称和数的变化,但有时态的变化。 2. 否定式:情态动词+not。 3. 个别情态动词的过去式用来表达更加客气、委婉的语气,时态性不 强,可用于过去、现在或将来。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册(WY) 五、常用情态动词的用法 1. can与could的用法 【先感悟】 ①When she was young, she could dance very well. ②Can/Could you help me? ③An experienced teacher can make mistakes. ④It could be weeks before we get a reply. 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册(WY) 【会发现】 以上4个句中的can/could可以表示“ ⁠ ”。 能力,请求,允许,客观或理 论上的可能性,推测  【善归纳】 (1)表示能力(could是过去式)。 (2)表示推测,意为“可能”,一般用于疑问句和否定句(could是 过去式)。 (3)表示请求和许可(could表示更委婉的语气,回答时只能用 can)。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册(WY) (4)用于肯定的陈述句中,表示理论上或习惯上的可能性。 (5)习惯用法cannot ...too ...表示“无论怎样……都不过分, 越……越好”。有时cannot可用can never替代。 【运用练】 选出下列句中can/could的含义 A. 表示能力 B. 表示推测 C. 表示请求和许可 D. 表示理论或习惯上的可能性 ①I believe that he can’t be so rude. ⁠ ②I can speak English fluently while he can’t. ⁠ ③Scotland can be very warm in September. ⁠ B  A  D  目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册(WY) ④—Could you please clean this room? —Yes, I can.  ⁠ C  ①This coat may be Peter’s. ②Since you are here already, you may as well stay here and enjoy yourself. ③May/Might I have a few words with your manager? 2. may与might的用法 【先感悟】 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册(WY) 【会发现】 句①②③中的may/might可以表示“ ”等, may/might as well意为“ ”。 许可,推测,请求  还是……好;倒不如……  【善归纳】 (1)表示允许、许可。might在语气上比may更委婉。以may/might开 头的问句在否定回答中要用mustn’t/can’t。 (2)表示把握不大的推测,意为“可能”,用于肯定句。might语气 更加不肯定,指现在或将来,只有在宾语从句中might do (be)才表 示过去的可能性。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册(WY) 【运用练】 写出下列句中may的用法 ①May you be happy! ⁠ ②I think he may come today. ⁠ ③You may keep the book for two weeks. ⁠ 表示祝愿  表示推测  表示许可  ①They must be hungry after a long walk. ②If you must smoke, please go out. 3. must的用法 【先感悟】 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册(WY) 【会发现】 句①中的must表示“ ”; 句②中的must意为“ ”。 推测  偏偏,非要  【善归纳】 (1)表示义务,意为“必须”,语气比should, ought to强烈,其否 定形式为mustn’t (不准,禁止)。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册(WY) 名师点津 以must开头的一般疑问句的肯定回答中要用must,否定回答中要用 needn’t/don’t have to。 — Must I finish the paper today? —Yes, you must./No, you needn’t/don’t have to. ——今天我必须完成论文吗? ——是的,你必须。/不,你不必。  (2)表示有把握的肯定推测,只能用在肯定句中,意为“一定, 准是”;在否定句、疑问句中要用can’t代替,表示“不可能会”。 (3)表示感情色彩,意为“偏偏,偏要”,常指令人不快的事情。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册(WY) 【运用练】 写出下列句中must的含义 ①You must practice your spoken English if you want to improve.  ⁠ ②Why must you always interrupt me? ⁠ ③She must be tired after such a long walk. ⁠ 必须  偏要;非得;偏偏  一定;准是  4. will与would的用法 【先感悟】 ①Will/Would you go with me? ②He would get up early when he lived in the country. ③He will/would take you home. 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册(WY) 【会发现】 句①中的will/would表示“ ”; 句②中的would表示“ ”; 句③中的will/would表示“ ”。 请求,建议  习惯  意愿和意志  目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册(WY) 【善归纳】 (1)表示意志、意愿和决心。用于各种人称,will指现在,would指 过去。 (2)表示请求、建议。用于第二人称的疑问句,would表示更委婉的 语气。 (3)表示习惯性的动作,意为“总是;习惯于”。will指现在, would指过去。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册(WY) 名师点津 would与used to的用法 两者均表示“过去常常”,但would仅表示过去的习惯性动作(不表 示状态),现在有可能还如此,也可能不再那样;used to既表示过去 的动作也表示过去的状态,不过现在不再做或不再有那种状态了。 He would take a walk near the forest in the evening. 以前,他晚间常在森林附近散步。(现在可能还在那里散步) He used to take a walk near the forest in the evening. 他过去常在晚间到森林附近散步。(而现在已不在那里散步了)  (4)用于否定句,表示“不肯;不乐意”。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册(WY) 【运用练】 完成句子 ①My parents late. 我的父母不会允许我在外面待得很晚。 ②My grandmother before bed. 我祖母过去总是在睡前给我讲迷人的故事。 ③People that the Earth was flat. 过去,人们认为地球是扁平的。 ④Some vegetables in such hot weather. 有些蔬菜在这样炎热的天气下会被烤焦。 won’t allow me to stay out  would always tell me fascinating stories  used to believe  will get burnt  目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册(WY) 5. shall与should的用法 【先感悟】 ①Shall we begin our lesson? ②Tell Jerry that he shall get a gift if he is nice. ③It’s strange that he should be late. 【会发现】 句①中的shall表示“ ”; 句②中的shall表示“ ”; 句③中的should意为“ ”。 征求对方意见  允诺  竟然  目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册(WY) 【善归纳】 (1)shall用于第一、第三人称的疑问句中,表示说话人征求对方的 意见或向对方请示。 (2)shall用于第二、三人称,表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允 诺或威胁。 (3)should表示劝告或建议,意为“应该”,其同义词是ought to; 还可表示可能性或表示惊讶、愤怒、失望等特殊情感。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册(WY) 【运用练】 完成句子 ①You that book tomorrow. 你明天可以拿到那本书。 ②If you can’t come, I you the news. 如果你不来,我就不告诉你这个消息了。 ③If you are looking for the best comedies on tour and brilliant live music, you here. 如果你正在寻找巡回演出中最好的喜剧和精彩的现场音乐,你应该从 这里开始。 shall have  shall not tell  should start  目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册(WY) 6. need和dare的用法 【先感悟】 ①You needn’t go there now. ②You need to be careful. ③Dare he tell the truth to his parents? ④She dares to challenge the authority. 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册(WY) 【会发现】 句①中的need用作 动词; 句②中的need用作 动词; 句③中的dare用作 动词; 句④中的dare用作 动词。 情态  实义  情态  实义  【善归纳】 (1)need既可以作实义动词,也可以作情态动词。作情态动词时, 后跟动词原形,表示“需要,有必要”,无人称和数的变化,多用于 否定句、疑问句或条件句中。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册(WY) 名师点津 由need开头的一般疑问句的肯定回答常用must或have to;否定回答常 用needn’t。 — Need I pay for the repairs now? — Yes, you must/have to./No, you needn’t. ——我现在需要付维修费吗? ——是的,你必须。/不,你不需要。 (2)need作为实义动词,同其他实义动词一样,可用于各种句式, 有时态、人称和数的变化,构成否定句和疑问句时要借助于助动 词do。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册(WY) (3)dare既可以作实义动词,也可以作情态动词。作情态动词时多用 于疑问句、否定句、条件状语从句以及表示怀疑的名词性从句中,表 示“敢……”。 (4)dare作实义动词时,在否定句中不定式符号to也可以省略。 【运用练】 完成句子 ①My room is a mess, but I before I go out tonight.I can do it in the morning. 我的房间很乱,不过今晚在我出去之前,我没必要打扫它。我可以在 (明天)早晨打扫。 needn’t clean it  目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册(WY) ②The door ⁠. 那扇门需要粉刷一下。 ③He doesn’t at night. 他晚上不敢在外面待到很晚。 ④I ⁠. 我不敢向我的老师寻求帮助。 needs painting/to be painted  dare to stay out late  daren’t ask my teacher for help  目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册(WY) 六、“情态动词+have+过去分词”句型 【先感悟】 ①From what you said, she must have told you all about it. ②Mr Smith can’t have gone to Beijing,for I saw him in the library just now. ③You might have read about the news in the papers. ④You should have done more exercise before. ⑤As it turned out to be a small family party, we needn’t have dressed up so formally. 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册(WY) 【会发现】 句①②③中的must/can/might have done均表示对 ⁠发生的事情 的推测; 句④中的should have done表示“ ⁠ ”; 句⑤中的needn’t have done表示“ ”。 过去  过去本应该做某事而(实际上)没 有做  本不必做某事而实际做了  目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册(WY) 【善归纳】 (1)must have done表示对过去发生的事情所作出的合理或很有把握 的推测,意为“想必/准是/一定……”,只用于肯定句中,在否定句 或疑问句中通常被can/can’t have done代替。 (2)can have done一般用于疑问句和否定句中,用于表示对过去所发 生事情的推测。could have done用于肯定句时,表示“可能已经做过 某事”或“本有能力做某事而未做”。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册(WY) (3)should/ought to have done表示“过去本应该做某事而(实际上) 没有做”,含有责备或遗憾的语气;其否定形式表示“某种行为不该 发生却发生了”。 (4)need have done表示“本需要做某事而实际未做”;needn’t have done表示“本不必做某事而实际做了”。 (5)may/might have done表示对过去发生的事情的推测,表示“也许 已经做了某事,可能已经做了某事”,多用在肯定句中,用might时 表示语气更加不肯定。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册(WY) 【运用练】 完成句子 ①I the report without your timely help. 没有你的及时帮助,我是不可能完成报告的。 ②Paul did a great job in the contest. He many times. 保罗在比赛中表现不错。他肯定练了很多遍。 couldn’t have finished  must have practiced  目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册(WY) ③Our team the game, but our main player got injured in the first half of the match. 我们队本应赢得这场比赛,但我们的主力队员在上半场比赛中受 伤了。 ④You ; everything turned out fine. 你当时本不必担心的;结果一切都很好。 should have won  needn’t have worried  目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册(WY) 随堂检测·要过关 目 录 Ⅰ.选词填空 1. As there was no bus,we (had to; could) walk home. 2. In case you (might; should) need any help,please write down my telephone number. 3. My father is so hot-tempered that I dare not (to tell; tell) him the bad news. 4. He (can’t; mustn’t) be in Beijing,because I saw him in the office just now. had to  should  tell  can’t  目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册(WY) 5. If the train is on time, she (should; must) arrive in Shanghai by 7 o’clock. 6. I talked with her for an hour and finally I (could; was able to) persuade her to agree to my plan. 7. There’s plenty of time.You (mustn’t; needn’t) drive so fast. 8. In today’s information age, the loss of data (must; can) cause serious problems for a company. should  was able to  needn’t  can  目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册(WY) 9. It’s strange that she (would; should) do such a silly thing. 10. (Should; Will) you please tell me how to get to the Capital Gymnasium? should  Will  目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册(WY) Ⅱ.语法与写作 1. Your paper again and again. 你的论文需要反复修改。 2. at night? 夜晚她敢单独外出吗? 3. I would appreciate it at your convenience. 如果在你方便的时候能帮我个忙,我将不胜感激。 needs polishing/needs to be polished  Does she dare to go out alone  if you could do me a favour  目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册(WY) 4. I have just realized that I ⁠ ⁠. 我刚刚意识到我必须做点什么来帮助那里的人们。 5. Our words our behavior. 我们的言行必须一致。 have to do something to help the people there  must correspond with  目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册(WY) 知识要点·须拾遗 目 录 ◇sign up for 报名参加 教材原句 Sign up for our space programme now and give your knowledge of aviation and space a boost! 现在就报名参加我们的太空计划吧,让你的航空航天知识得到提升! 【用法】 sign away   签字转让;签字放弃 sign in  (到旅馆或俱乐部)签到,登记 sign out  签名离开 sign off  结束写信;签字认可 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册(WY) 【佳句】 To keep a balance between my work and life, I’m thinking of signing up for a yoga course next week. 为了在工作和生活之间保持平衡,我在考虑下周报名参加一门瑜 伽课。 【练透】 用sign的相关短语填空 ①When you arrive at the conference, remember to at the registration counter first. ②They are willing to their entire worldly possessions. sign in  sign away  目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册(WY) 【写美】 完成句子 ③要参加比赛,你需要在10月15日前完成报名。 (告知信) To participate in the competition, you need to it before 15 October. sign up for  目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册(WY) 课时检测·提能力 目 录 维度一:基础题型练 1. The science department will conduct a (模拟的) earthquake drill next Monday to teach students how to stay safe during an earthquake. 2. I’m sure that my experience in creating (逼真的) sculptures acquired at a young age will make me perfect for this art program. simulated  lifelike  目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册(WY) 3. I can’t (提交) my homework online.The system keeps showing an error message. 4. The flight s is even smoother and more fun to fly than ever. 5. “It’s a !” he let out a cry with excitement when his favourite football star kicked a goal. submit  imulator  wesome  目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册(WY) 维度二:语法与写作 1. I am sorry; I at my daughter.After all, she is only a child. 我感到后悔, 我本不该对我女儿大喊大叫。毕竟她只是个孩子。 2. I , for the weather is fine. 天气这么好,我本没必要带雨伞的。 3. The flowers have died for lack of water. I ⁠ them often. 这些花因为缺水已经枯死了。我本应该经常给它们浇水的。 shouldn’t have shouted  needn’t have taken the umbrella  should have watered  目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册(WY) 4. The ground is completely wet.It heavily last night. 地面全湿了。昨晚必定下过大雨。 5. on such a crowded road on a rainy day? 下雨天,你敢在这么拥挤的道路上开车吗? 6. I would appreciate it at your earliest convenience. 如果您能在方便的时候尽早回复我的信,我将不胜感激。 must have rained  Do you dare to drive a car  if you could reply to my letter  目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册(WY) 7. I have just found that I ⁠ ⁠. 我刚刚发现今天下午我必须参加一个重要的班会。 8. I , because I’m bad at that. 我非常需要有人来帮助我学习英语口语,因为我那方面比较差。 have to attend an important class meeting this afternoon  badly need someone to help me with my oral English  目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册(WY) 维度三:语法与语篇 根据语境,用适当的情态动词填空。   I 1. have worried before I came to the new school, for my classmates here are very friendly to me.Ellen is a fantastic dancer.I wish I danced as well as her.No one 2. be compared with Ellen in dancing.Jack is a great talker.It’s high time that he did something instead of just talking.I got close enough to hear them speaking Chinese, and I said “Ni Hao” just as I 3. do in China.Teachers needn’t  can  might  目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册(WY) recommend parents 4. not allow their children under 12 to ride bicycles to school for safety.Students 5. obey school rules.One of our rules is that every student 6. wear the school uniform while at school.   It is required by the rules that students 7. get grades not lower than 85 in any subject in order to get the scholarship.It is beyond my understanding that many adults 8. be so crazy about Harry Potter series like me. should  must  shall  shall  should  目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册(WY) Ⅰ.阅读理解 A   (2025·陕西咸阳高二下期末) Based on new data from the European Space Agency’s Gaia mission and other space science data sets, astronomers have created an animation to model dust in the Milky Way.The work was presented this week at a national astronomy meeting.   The animation shows the cumulative build-up of dust looking from Earth’s local neighbourhood to about 13,000 light years towards the 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册(WY) galactic (银河的) centre — around 10% of the overall distance across the Milky Way.Close by, dust swirls (旋转) all around but, further out, the concentration of dust along the galactic plane (银道面) becomes clear.Two “windows”, one above and one below the galactic plane, are also revealed.   “Dust clouds are related to the birth and death of stars, so their distribution tells a story of how structures formed in the galaxy and how the galaxy evolves,” said Nick Cox, coordinator of the EXPLORE project which is developing the tools.“The maps are also important for 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册(WY) cosmologists (宇宙学家) in revealing regions where there is no dust, allowing us to have a clear, unobstructed view out of the Milky Way.This helps in studying the Universe beyond, such as to make Deep Field observations with Hubble or the new James Webb Space Telescope.”   “State-of-the-art machine learning and visual analytics have the power to greatly enhance scientific return and discovery for space science missions, but their use is still relatively novel in the field of astronomy,” said Albert Zijlstra, of the University of Manchester and 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册(WY) the EXPLORE project.“With a constant stream of new data, we have an increasing wealth of information to mine — beyond the scope of what humans could process in a lifetime.We need tools like the ones we are developing for EXPLORE to support scientific discovery, such as those helping us to characterize properties within the data, or those picking out the most interesting or unusual features and structures.” 语篇解读:本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了天文学家制作了 一个关于银河系尘埃的动画,来帮助人们了解银河系,并列举了不 同人对此的不同看法。 语篇解读:本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了天文学家制作了 一个关于银河系尘埃的动画,来帮助人们了解银河系,并列举了不 同人对此的不同看法。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册(WY) 1. What can we learn about the animation from the first two paragraphs? (  ) A. It is created to replace the dust in the Milky Way. B. It shows dust in a short span of space. C. It employs space data from an individual data base. D. The animation is already presented. 解析: 细节理解题。根据第一段可知,这个动画已经在天文会议 上进行了展示。 √ 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册(WY) 2. What can we know from Nick Cox’s words?(  ) A. The distribution of dust clouds helps to dig the past of the galaxy. B. Only Hubble and the new James Webb Telescope can help explore the galaxy. C. Cosmologists use maps to find where there is full of precious star dust clouds. D. Dust clouds are closely related to the formation and death of various kinds of galaxies. 解析: 推理判断题。根据第三段可知,Nick Cox的话告诉我们, 尘埃云的分布有助于挖掘星系的过去。 √ 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册(WY) 3. What does Albert think about the EXPLORE project?(  ) A. Useless. B. Arguable. C. Unusual. D. Challenging. 解析: 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的With a constant stream of new ...could process in a lifetime.可知,Albert认为EXPLORE项目有 挑战性。 √ 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册(WY) 4. What can be a suitable title for this text?(  ) A. Open Invitation of the Wide Galaxy B. Thrilling Project for the European Team C. Deep Dive into the Dusty Milky Way D. Immersing Trip to the Grand Solar System 解析: 标题归纳题。通读全文,结合第一段可知,文章主要介绍 了天文学家制作了一个关于银河系尘埃的动画,来帮助人们了解银河 系,并列举了不同人对此的不同看法。因此,C项(深入探索银河系 星际尘埃)最适合作文章标题。 √ 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册(WY) B   (2025·重庆高二下期末) The International Space Station (ISS) was just three small rooms when the first crew moved in.The crew members soon discovered there was hardly any space for them to move around.The air was warm and humid, making them feel sticky (感到热 得难受的).   Twenty years later, the space station is almost as large as a football field and has three modern laboratories.The station has enough solar 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册(WY) power equipment to fill almost four-tenths of a hectare, and enough electrical wiring to stretch 13 kilometers.   The first crew — American Bill Shepherd and Russians Sergei Krikalev and Yuri Gidzenko — left Earth on 31 October 2000.About 48 hours later, they opened the doors to the space station, holding hands in a sign of unity.   The three-man crew spent most of their time trying to get the equipment to work; heat from some of the devices made the living space too warm.Installing (安装) machines and making repairs took hours, 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册(WY) compared to minutes on the ground, Krikalev remembered.“Each day seemed to have its own set of challenges,” Shepherd said.   The space station did not come close to hitting any space objects during their nearly five months up there, Shepherd said, and the station has held up relatively well.Today NASA’s top concern is the growing threat from space junk.This year, the space station has had to avoid objects three times.NASA and its partners say the space station easily has several years of usefulness left.Russia’s Mir Space Station operated for 15 years in the late 1980s and 1990s.America’s 1970s Skylab spent much less time in space. 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册(WY)   Shepherd said that the past 20 years of international experience and cooperation can help with enormous projects, like possibly sending humans to the planet Mars.“If you look at the space station program today, it’s a blueprint on how to do it,” Shepherd said. 语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了国际空间站(ISS) 的发展历程,从最初的狭小不适到如今的规模庞大、设备齐全,并 提到了首个宇航员团队在空间站的工作内容以及NASA目前对空间站 最担忧的问题。 语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了国际空间站(ISS) 的发展历程,从最初的狭小不适到如今的规模庞大、设备齐全,并 提到了首个宇航员团队在空间站的工作内容以及NASA目前对空间站 最担忧的问题。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册(WY) 5. Which of the following can best describe the ISS twenty years ago? (  ) A. Small but highly used. B. Large but impractical. C. Wet and a little cold. D. Crowded and uncomfortable. 解析: 推理判断题。根据第一段可推知,二十年前的国际空间站 是拥挤且不舒服的。 √ 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册(WY) 6. What did the first crew mainly do at the ISS?(  ) A. They operated the devices. B. They cleaned space junk. C. They enlarged the space. D. They repaired the equipment. 解析: 细节理解题。根据第四段首句可知,第一组宇航员在国际 空间站主要操作设备。 √ 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册(WY) 7. What does NASA worry most about the ISS today?(  ) A. There being more equipment failure. B. There being doubts about its usefulness. C. The risk of being struck by other objects. D. The changes of the orbit three times a year. 解析: 细节理解题。根据第五段第二句可知,NASA今天对国际 空间站最担心的是被其他物体撞击的风险。 √ 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册(WY) 8. What can be the best title for the text?(  ) A. The Contribution of the ISS B. The Development of the ISS C. The Problems Troubling the ISS D. The Uncertain Future Awaiting the ISS 解析: 标题归纳题。通读全文可知,文章主要讲述了国际空间站 的发展历程。故B项(国际空间站的发展)为最佳标题。 √ 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册(WY) Ⅱ.完形填空   (2025·高二下湖南邵阳期末) I’m not allowed to touch the moon rocks.This is the lab where the Johnson Space Center   9  the original samples that the Apollo astronauts   10  to the earth decades ago.As I stare at the rocks through glass, Charis, my tour guide, says in a   11  voice: No touching the moon rocks.   Before   12  this clean room, I remove all my jewelry.My guide and I cover our shoes with blue-paper booties and step into full-body jumpsuits.We then   13  gloves and a hair cover.Finally, we spend a 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册(WY) full minute standing in an air shower, under a steady light wind   14  from ceiling to floor to   15  us of any fine dust.   Inside the clean room, the rocks are kept in   16 , pressurized containers.   Only five sample processors in the world get to routinely handle these   17  stones.They preserve and prepare the samples for studies.To pick up an Apollo rock, they must use special tools, following pretty strict   18  about touching samples.All the   19  is to protect the 382 kilograms of rocks lifted from the moon. 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册(WY)   “One big   20  belief is that the Apollo samples aren’t being studied any more and that they only tell us about the moon,” says Charis.“Neither of those is true.”   Keeping priceless samples away from curious   21  allowed scientists to make one of the most surprising lunar   22  of the last 50 years: The moon is wet.Those samples are still offering fresh details about how the   23  — and the entire solar system — formed and developed. 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册(WY) 语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了阿波罗任务带回地 球的月球岩石的保存和研究过程。 语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了阿波罗任务带回地 球的月球岩石的保存和研究过程。 9. A. accumulates B. stores C. tests D. analyzes 解析: 根据下文the original samples可知,此处指储存月球岩 石样品。 √ 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册(WY) 10. A. brought B. sent C. donated D. introduced 解析: 根据下文to the earth decades ago和背景常识可知,阿波罗 宇航员将月球岩石带回地球。 11. A. thoughtful B. sensitive C. eager D. firm 解析: 根据句意及下文No touching the moon rocks可知,这里表示 查理斯用坚定的声音对作者说。 √ √ 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册(WY) 12. A. leaving B. inspecting C. entering D. observing 解析: 根据下文可知,此处指进入洁净室之前的步骤。 13. A. reach for B. deal with C. put on D. inquire about 解析: 根据下文gloves and a hair cover可知,此处指穿上相应的防 护装备。 √ √ 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册(WY) 14. A. blowing B. shooting C. sweeping D. rising 解析: 根据上文under a steady light wind可知,此处指风在吹。 15. A. warn B. assure C. remind D. clear 解析: 根据下文any fine dust可知,这套设备的目的是清除灰尘。 16. A. useful B. secure C. empty D. new 解析: 根据下文pressurized containers以及安全和保存要求可知, 容器需要是安全的。 √ √ √ 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册(WY) 17. A. precious B. strange C. clean D. previous 解析: 根据下文介绍这些阿波罗任务带回地球的月球岩石的稀有 性可知,岩石被称为“珍贵的”。 18. A. schedules B. laws C. rules D. orders 解析: 根据上文they must use special tools并结合句意分析可知, 操作要求需遵循特定规则。 √ √ 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册(WY) 19. A. effort B. sacrifice C. arrangement D. reform 解析: 根据上文可知,此处描述了保护岩石的辛勤工作,因此是 “努力”。 20. A. uncommon B. contradictory C. impractical D. mistaken 解析: 根据下文可知,这种想法是错误的。 21. A. minds B. looks C. fingers D. questions 解析: 根据上文推断,此处指避免好奇的人触碰样品。 √ √ √ 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册(WY) 22. A. attempts B. fortune C. reservation D. discoveries 解析: 根据下文The moon is wet可知,这句话是该样品帮助实现 的新发现。 23. A. sun B. moon C. earth D. universe 解析: 根据上文The moon is wet和下文the entire solar system以及 全文都在描述月球岩石的保存和研究过程可知,此处应指“月球”。 √ √ 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册(WY) Ⅲ.语法填空   (2025·河南平顶山高二下期末) It is the first time that Chinese scientists 24.        (discover) water in materials collected during a Chinese moon mission.The water is in 25.        (extreme) small glass beads (小珠子) that were found in the dirt where many meteorites (流星) have hit the moon.The dirt 26.        (collect) in 2020.The beads differ in size 27.        the width of one hair to several hairs.Since billions even trillions of these beads exist on the moon, there could be large 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册(WY) amounts of water.But mining it would be difficult, the research team said.   The findings are based on 32 glass beads randomly 28.    (choose) from moon dirt collected on China’s Chang’e 5 moon mission.   The study’s findings raise the 29.       (possible) that water could be removed by 30.        (heat) the beads in future robotic missions.Still, more studies would be needed to show whether such water removals are possible 31.        if the water would be safe to drink. 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册(WY)   Earlier studies found water in glass beads formed by volcanic activity on the moon.Those studies used material collected on the moon by American astronauts more than fifty years ago.   The American space agency NASA plans 32.        (put) astronauts back on the moon’s surface by the end of 2025.The astronauts will aim for the south pole 33.        craters (坑) are believed to be filled with frozen water. 语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国科学家在月球 任务中首次发现水,并探讨了这一发现的意义和潜在的应用。 语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国科学家在月球 任务中首次发现水,并探讨了这一发现的意义和潜在的应用。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册(WY) 24. have discovered 考查时态和主谓一致。根据句型It is the first time that sb has/have done sth可知,此处应用现在完成时,主语为复数名词 Chinese scientists,助动词用have。 25. extremely 考查副词。空处修饰形容词small,需用副词extremely 作状语。 26. was collected 考查时态和语态。根据时间状语in 2020可知,此处 应用一般过去时,主语The dirt和collect之间为动宾关系,需用一般过 去时的被动语态,主语为单数名词,be动词用was。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册(WY) 27. from 考查介词。from ...to ...为固定短语,意为“从…… 到……”。 28. chosen 考查非谓语动词。句子已有谓语are based on,空处需填 非谓语动词作后置定语,glass beads和choose之间为被动关系,需填 过去分词形式,chose的过去分词为chosen。 29. possibility 考查名词。根据空前的冠词the和空后that引导的同位 语从句可知,空处需用名词possibility作宾语。 30. heating 考查非谓语动词。by为介词,后面需用动词-ing形式作 宾语。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册(WY) 31. or 考查连词。空前whether such water removals are possible和空后 if the water would be safe to drink为选择关系,需用并列连词or。 32. to put 考查非谓语动词。plan to do sth为固定短语,意为“计划 做某事”。 33. where 考查定语从句。空处引导限制性定语从句,修饰先行词 the south pole,关系词替代先行词,在从句中作地点状语,需用关系 副词where引导。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册(WY) $

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UNIT 6 Section Ⅱ Using language-【优学精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册教用课件(外研版)
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UNIT 6 Section Ⅱ Using language-【优学精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册教用课件(外研版)
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UNIT 6 Section Ⅱ Using language-【优学精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册教用课件(外研版)
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UNIT 6 Section Ⅱ Using language-【优学精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册教用课件(外研版)
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UNIT 6 Section Ⅱ Using language-【优学精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册教用课件(外研版)
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UNIT 6 Section Ⅱ Using language-【优学精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册教用课件(外研版)
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