UNIT 4 Section Ⅱ Using language-【优学精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册教用课件（外研版）

该高中英语课件聚焦定语从句，通过“美文诵读”引入实例，标注关系词引导观察，再“语法初识”总结定义、分类及基本用法，形成从感知到归纳的学习支架，衔接复习与新知。 其亮点在于采用“形式—意义—使用”三维动态语法观，通过“先感悟-会发现-善归纳-运用练”培养思维品质，结合专项训练和语篇填空提升语言能力，分维度检测助力学习能力发展。实例如“介词+关系代词”归纳及合并句子练习，帮助学生系统掌握语法，教师可高效实施分层教学。

Section Ⅱ　Using language 目 录 01 重难语法·要攻克 02 随堂检测·要过关 03 知识要点·须拾遗 04 课时检测·提能力 重难语法·要攻克 目 录 复习：定语从句 　　Good Deal is a local movement in some countries whose① aim is to help farmers and workers in less developed areas receive a better deal for their produce. Good Deal products may be a little more expensive than regular ones， but up to 1/3 of the sale price will be given back to the producers. The movement has proven popular among young people who② want to help producers get the payment that/which③ they deserve. The 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） reason why④ they are willing to spend a little more on Good Deal products is that they believe their purchasing of these products will help improve people’s welfare. However， some people， who⑤ are less optimistic， argue that it discriminates against producers who are not part of the movement. 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 1. 加蓝处均引导定语从句；定语从句是修饰名词或代词的句子，其引 导词可分为关系代词和关系副词； 2. 关系代词在从句中可充当定语（如加蓝处①）、主语（如加蓝处② 和⑤）、宾语（如加蓝处③）、表语等；关系副词在从句中作状语， （如加蓝处④）； 3. 关系副词有时候可替换成“介词＋关系代词”结构，如加蓝处④中 的why可替换成for which； 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 4. 定语从句一般紧跟在其所修饰的名词或代词（即先行词）之后；用 逗号隔开的定语从句是非限制性定语从句（如加蓝处⑤），一般不用 that引导。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） ——运用“形式—意义—使用”相结合的三维动态语法观 一、引导定语从句的关系词 【先感悟】 ①Is he the boy who/that lives next door？ ②He lives in a big house whose window faces the sea. ③I borrowed a book which/that was written by Mark Twain from the library last week. ④I often thought of my childhood when I lived on a farm. 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） ⑤（教材典句） This is a place where roses grow wild. ⑥There are several reasons why we can’t do that. ⑦I think you’ve got to the point where a change is needed， otherwise you’ll fail. 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 【会发现】 ①关系代词 修饰的先行词为 ，在从句中作 ⁠ ⁠； ②关系代词 修饰的先行词为 ，在从句中作 ⁠ ，house与window之间是所属关系； ③关系代词 修饰的先行词为 ，在从句中 作 ⁠； ④关系副词 修饰的先行词为 ，在从句中作 ⁠ ⁠； who/that　 boy　 主 语　 whose　 house　 定 语　 which/that　 a book　 主语　 when　 childhood　 时 间状语　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） ⑤关系副词 修饰的先行词为 ，在从句中作 ⁠ ⁠； ⑥关系副词 修饰的先行词为 ，在从句中作 ⁠ ⁠； ⑦关系副词 修饰的先行词为 ，为抽象地点名词， 在从句中作 ⁠。 where　 place　 地点 状语　 why　 reasons　 原因 状语　 where　 point　 地点状语　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 【善归纳】 1. 关系词的基本用法 关系词 所修饰的先行词 在从句中所作的成分 关系 代词 who 人 主语、宾语 whom 人 宾语 which 物或事 主语、宾语 that 人或物 主语、宾语、表语 whose 人或物 定语 as 人、物或事 主语、宾语 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 关系词 所修饰的先行词 在从句中所作的成分 关系 副词 when 时间名词 时间状语 where 地点名词 地点状语 why 原因名词 原因状语 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 名师点津 situation， case， point， stage等抽象地点名词后可接where引导的定 语从句。 2. 关系词的选用 根据定语从句中所缺少的成分（主语、宾语、定语、状语）：关系词 在从句中作主语、定语、宾语时，应用关系代词；关系词在从句中作 状语时，应用关系副词。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 【运用练】　用适当的关系词填空 ①The girl car broke down is waiting for help. ②Instead of making many excuses you can’t reach your goal， just hold on to your dream. ③The film brought the time back to me I was taken good care of in the countryside by my grandparents. ④There is even a story about how he helped a little girl ⁠ knocked on his door and asked for help with her homework. ⑤We’ve reached a point we must make a decision. whose　 why　 when　 who/that　 where　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 二、“介词＋关系代词”的选用 【先感悟】 ①The witness to whom the policemen referred was killed last night. ②I’ll never forget the day on which I joined the army. ③This is the pencil with which I draw pictures. ④（人教选必三）Previously， water quality in the Li River had suffered greatly from an increasing volume of tourists， many of whom frequently threw garbage into the river. 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 【会发现】 ①蓝体部分的介词与定语从句中的谓语动词 搭配，refer to意 为“提到”； ②蓝体部分的介词与先行词 搭配，on the day意为“在那 天”； ③蓝体部分的介词由 决定，draw pictures with the pencil意为 “用铅笔作画”； ④本句为“代词＋of＋whom”引导的定语从句，该结构在从句中 作 ⁠。 refer　 the day　 句意　 主语　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 【善归纳】 1. “介词＋关系代词”结构中介词的确定方法。 （1）根据从句中的谓语动词或主要的形容词的某种习惯搭配确定 介词。 （2）根据与先行词搭配的具体意义确定介词。 （3）根据句子所要表达的意思确定介词。 2. “介词＋关系代词”结构中的关系代词通常用which或whom，不用 that。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 【运用练】 （1）用适当的介词填空 ①It is our hope that in coming decades， advances in science will offer new perspectives （视角） which to study how people manage their lives. ②He paid the boy ten dollars to wash the windows， most which hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year. ③Please tell me the reason which you should have a holiday. ④Robert spent four years in college， which he learned law and medicine. from　 of　 for　 during　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） （2）合并句子 ⑤I’m very grateful to Mr Zhang. I couldn’t have been admitted to a key university without his encouragement. →I’m very grateful to Mr Zhang， encouragement I couldn’t have been admitted to a key university. ⑥I made friends with Susan and Alice in that school. Susan and Alice were interested in astronomy. →I made friends with Susan and Alice in that school， ⁠ were interested in astronomy. without whose　 both of whom　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 三、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 【先感悟】 ①The Great Wall is one of the buildings that Chinese people are proud of. ②Yesterday I met Mary， who looked very tired. ③As we all know， smoking is harmful to health. ④（教材典句）The biggest challenge at the initial phase was to persuade people to work for me， which was totally outside my experience. 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 【会发现】 ①关系代词that引导 定语从句； ②关系代词who引导 定语从句； ③关系代词as引导 定语从句； ④关系代词which引导 定语从句。 限制性　 非限制性　 非限制性　 非限制性　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 【善归纳】 1. 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别 区别 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句 功能不同 和先行词的关系密切，去掉影 响整个句子意思的表达 和先行词关系不密切，起 补充说明的作用，去掉不 影响整个句子意思的表达 形式不同 不用逗号隔开 一般用逗号隔开 关系词 不同 所有关系词都可引导，且在一 定情况下可省略 一般不可以用that或why引 导，关系词不可省略 先行词不 同 先行词只能是名词或代词 先行词既可以是名词或代 词，也可以是短语或句子 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 2. as/which引导的非限制性定语从句的区别 as 引导非限制性 定语从句时， 修饰整个主句 的内容 位置较灵活，可置于 所修饰的主句前、主 句中或主句后 一般译为“正如， 正像” which 修饰主句或主 句的一部分 定语从句只置于所修 饰的主句之后 一般译为“这一 点，这件事” 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 【运用练】　用适当的关系词填空 ①Yet， the form of the fable still has values today， Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow”. ②They often run at high speeds， may put their lives in danger. ③Nowadays teenagers like to go to fast food restaurants， ⁠ eating doesn’t take much time. ④Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play， ， of course， made others annoyed. ⑤Peter， you met in London， is now back in Paris. as　 which　 where　 which　 whom　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 随堂检测·要过关 目 录 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1. We’ll never forget the day the People’s Republic of China was founded. 2. With each person I met， I felt a growing sense of pride as part of this extraordinary team， devotion to the cause shone from their eyes. when　 whose　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 3. However， none of the 20，000 spectators made their way to the year’s final game had to pay for their tickets， and they were welcome to enjoy the game in creative ways. 4. This was not an easy task.The reason this was difficult was that the team had limited resources. 5. Self-driving is an area China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line. 6. Each chapter concludes with a collection of practices， are designed to help you act on the big ideas of the chapter. who/that　 why　 where　 which　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 7. Norman Stienwand， farms in that area， has been addressing public meetings on this issue for years. 8. Our school organized a campus chorus contest on Wednesday afternoon， theme is Love Our Motherland. 9. is often the case with old people， my grandfather is fond of talking about good old days. 10. He wrote many children’s books， nearly half of were published in the 1990s. who　 whose　 As　 which　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） Ⅱ.语法与写作 1. They talked in such simple English ⁠. 他们用孩子们能听懂的简单的英语交谈。 2. We live in an age with greater ease than ever before. 我们生活在一个比以往任何时候都更容易获得更多信息的时代。 3. The scientist and his achievements are admired by us all. 我们都很钦佩你对我们提及的那位科学家以及他所取得的成就。 as children could understand　 when more information is available　 that you told us　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 4. Besides， there will be a lot of useful and interesting activities， ⁠ ⁠. 另外，还有许多有用的和有趣的活动，从这些活动中，你可以更好地 了解中国文化。 5. Later she was taken to a hospital， ⁠ in one of her knees. 后来，她被送往医院，在那里，她得知她的一只膝盖受了重伤。 from which you can have a better understanding of Chinese culture　 where she learned that she had serious injuries　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 知识要点·须拾遗 目 录 1. superior adj.质量上乘的，优质的；高级的n.上级；高手 【教材原句】　superior， smooth blend， with mild flavour 品质上 乘，混合均匀，味道温和 【用法】 （1）superior in　　　在……方面优越 superior to　　比……优越；比……好 （2）superiority n.　　优越（性），优等；傲慢 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 【佳句】　Our school library has a collection of superior reference books for students. 我们学校图书馆有为学生准备的一批优质参考书籍。 His strength is superior to mine. 他的体力比我强。 【点津】　superior前不能用more，也不能与than连用。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①Our school’s science club is superior conducting innovative experiments， which attracts many students. ②The （superior） of renewable energy lies in its environmental friendliness and sustainability. in　 superiority　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 【写美】　完成句子 ③健康的生活方式，包括定期锻炼和均衡饮食，比仅仅依靠药物来保 持健康要好。　（建议信） A healthy lifestyle， with regular exercise and a balanced diet， ⁠ relying only on medicine for good health. is superior to　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 2. go into debt陷入债务之中，负债 【教材原句】　Avoid luxuries so that you don’t go into debt. 避免奢 侈，以免欠债。 【用法】 be in debt　欠债 get/run into debt　　负债，陷入债务之中 be/get out of debt　　不欠债 pay off one’s debts　　偿清债务 put sb in debt　　使某人负债 be in one’s debt/in debt to sb　　欠某人的情，对某人感激不尽 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 【佳句】　If you can get yourself out of debt and change your money habits， you can have a great financial future. 如果你能让自己摆脱债务，并改变你的金钱习惯，未来你就能拥有很 好的财务状况。 【练透】　用debt的相关短语填空 ①Young people should avoid buying expensive things blindly to prevent ⁠ ⁠. being in debt/going into debt/ getting into debt/running into debt　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 【写美】　完成句子 ②你在我困难的时候帮助了我，我会永远感激你。　（感谢信） I’ll always for helping me when I was in trouble. ③我现在负债累累，但希望拿到工资后就能把债务还清。 I at the moment， but hope to ⁠ when I get paid. be in your debt/in debt to you　 am heavily in debt　 be/get out of debt　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 课时检测·提能力 目 录 维度一：基础题型练 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） Ⅰ.单词拼写 1. This artist combines （传统的） painting techniques with modern digital art to create unique works. 2. You should stop （干涉） with my decisions. I’m old enough to make choices for myself. 3. The government has introduced new （财政的） policies to stimulate economic growth. 4. To his anger， his son was fined for e the speed limit. 5. Sometimes our opinions are s ， so we’d better think twice before we make a decision. conventional　 interfering　 financial　 xceeding　 ubjective　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） Ⅱ.用方框内短语的适当形式填空 go into debt， up to， interfere with， on one’s own， make ends meet， such as 1. We should encourage children to solve problems ⁠ instead of always helping them. 2. Some people because of uncontrolled online shopping and credit card use. 3. They can hardly ， though they’ve been trying to cut down on their expenses. on their own　 go into debt　 make ends meet　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 4. Different countries have their own traditional festivals， ⁠ the Spring Festival in China and Christmas in the West. 5. Loud noise from the construction site students’ study in nearby schools. 6. According to a recent survey， children spend 25 hours a week watching TV. such as　 interferes with　 up to　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 维度二：语法与写作 1. They met problems， tragedies， challenges， and mysterious behavior ⁠. 他们遇到了种种问题、悲剧、挑战和怪异行径，他们被迫理解其中的 含义。 which/that they were forced to make sense of　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 2. Compendium of Materia Medica is a collection of Chinese herbs with millions of characters. 《本草纲目》是一本中国中草药总集，其中包含了2，000多种中草 药，数百万字。 3. You should make friends with a person ⁠ ⁠. 你应该与容易相处的人交朋友。 which/that includes over 2，000 Chinese herbs　 who is easy to get along with　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 4. It is the people that matter in reducing traffic accidents. 在减少交通事故上，是遵守交通规则的人们起重要作用。 5. Our school will hold an English speech contest ⁠ ⁠. 我们学校将举办一场以“美食与文化”为主题的英语演讲比赛。 6. In terms of experience， she definitely has the advantage over the other people ⁠. 就经验而言，她绝对比我们面试过的其他人有优势。 who obey the traffic rules　 whose theme is “Food and Culture”　 that/whom we have interviewed　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 7. It is a time ⁠ ⁠. 这是一个我们用手机而不是信件交流的时代。 8. The reason was that his smartphone was out of order. 我联系不上他的原因是他的智能手机出故障了。 9. Students should involve themselves in community activities ⁠. 学生应该参与社区活动，从中获得成长的经验。 when we communicate through cellphones instead of letters　 why I couldn’t reach him　 where/from which they can get experience for growth　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 维度三：语法与语篇 根据语境，用适当的关系词填空 　　Mary，1. drawings were shown at the exhibition last month， is a model student 2. is often praised for her good work at school.3. we all know， Mary is famous for her painting of horses.As soon as we got into the exhibition hall， our eyes were caught by a very large picture 4. was hung on the wall in front of us.The horse 5. was drawn in the picture was whose　 who/that　 As　 which/that　 which/that　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） exactly like a real horse.The man 6. was riding on it looked like a living man.It was the best picture 7. I had ever seen，and I should say Mary is the best young painter 8. I have ever heard of.Her friend 9. was visiting the exhibition told me the reason 10. Mary painted well was that it had taken Mary thousands of hours to learn and practise drawing. who/that　 that　 that　 who/that　 why　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） Ⅰ.阅读理解 A 　　（2025·河北沧州高二下期末） In 2022， the Food and Drug Administration （FDA） announced it would let some hearing aids be sold over-the-counter for the first time， a move that will make the devices much more widely available and， in all likelihood， significantly cheaper. 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 　　It’s a move that has been increasingly important， as hearing loss is expected to rise sharply in the coming ten years. The World Health Organization warns that by 2030， nearly 630 million people worldwide will suffer from hearing loss. By 2050， that could jump to 900 million. 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 　　The act comes with some limitations. Devices for severe （重度的） hearing loss and those intended for use on children under the age of 18 will still require a prescription （处方）. But for the millions who suffer from mild to moderate （轻度到中度的） hearing loss， picking up a hearing aid could be about as easy as picking up a pair of reading glasses at the drugstore. 　　They won’t be quite that cheap， of course， but they will likely cost less than today’s hearing aids. The FDA estimated the price of those devices could be cut in half once the rule takes effect. 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 　　“I seriously believe that we will see a significant reduction in prices for consumers with mild to moderate hearing loss，” said Blake Cadwell， founder and CEO of Soundly， a site that allows people to compare and buy hearing aids online. “Expect simple products like the Bose B1 hearing aid to go on sale for $899 and more expensive devices to sell for $1，500. In the long term， we may see even lower prices.” 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 　　“Hearing loss is an important public health issue that affects the ability of millions of Americans to effectively communicate in their daily lives，” said FDA Commissioner Robert M. Califf， MD. “Establishing this new rule will allow people with mild to moderate hearing loss to have convenient access to safe， effective， and affordable hearing aids from their neighborhood store or online.” 语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了美国食品和药物 管理局宣布，将首次允许一些助听器在非处方销售，此举将使助听 器更广泛地获得，而且很可能大大便宜。 语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了美国食品和药物 管理局宣布，将首次允许一些助听器在非处方销售，此举将使助听 器更广泛地获得，而且很可能大大便宜。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 1. How does the author support his idea in paragraph 2？（　　） A. By providing data. B. By giving examples. C. By stating arguments. D. By making comparisons. 解析： 推理判断题。根据第二段可知，由于听力损失预计在未来 十年将急剧上升，进而在文中列举了相关的数据。由此可知，本段是 通过列举数据来支持他的观点的。 √ 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 2. What can be inferred about the new rule？（　　） A. It limits online sales of hearing aids. B. It requires no prescription for all types of devices. C. It primarily aims to discourage people from using hearing aids. D. It directly benefits people over 18 with mild to moderate hearing loss. 解析： 　推理判断题。根据第三段可知，听力严重受损的以及18岁 以下儿童使用助听器仍需处方，而轻度以及中度听力受损的人买助听 器将会变得很容易。由此可推知，这一新规直接使18岁以上轻度到中 度听力损失的人受益。 √ 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 3. What is Blake Cadwell’s attitude toward the future price reduction of hearing aids？（　　） A. Reserved. B. Confident. C. Uncertain. D. Concerned. 解析： 　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段首句可知，Blake Cadwell相 信对于轻度到中度听力损失的消费者来说，将看到价格大幅下降。由 此可推知，Blake Cadwell对未来助听器降价的态度是有信心的。 √ 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 4. Which can be the most suitable title for the text？（　　） A. Consumer Enthusiasm： The Rising Demand for Hearing Aids B. Over-the-Counter Hearing Aids： Critics’ Warning of the Risks C. Accessibility Concerns： The True Cost of FDA’s Hearing Aid Changes D. Affordable Over-the-Counter Hearing Aids： FDA’s Game-Changing Move √ 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 解析： 　标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其第一段可知，本文主要介绍 的是关于助听器使用的新规将帮助更多听力受损患者可以买得起助听 器。D项（可负担的非处方助听器：FDA改变游戏规则的举措）可以 概括全文的主题，适合作文章最佳标题。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） B 　　（2025·黑龙江高二下期末） If you’ve noticed you’re getting less while your bill almost stays the same， it’s not just you. “Shrinkflation” — reducing a product’s size or quantity while keeping its price stable — is showing up in shops around the world. 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 　　As the global economy struggles with inflation （通货膨胀）， rising material and human costs， consumers are bearing the increasing production prices. “Consumers are more likely to notice how their purchases are affecting their wallets than the amount of product lost when sizes decrease，” says Mark Stiving， the chief pricing educator at Impact Pricing. As a result， companies use shrinkflation to make consumers “less painful”. 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 　　Yet even as shrinkflation comes with inflation， the problem doesn’t end after inflation does. Once the new sizes are on the shelf， they are likely to stay that way. “Shoppers don’t have a choice but to adapt themselves to the changes，” adds Stiving. There are rare exceptions， but companies generally take the opportunity to get more profits. 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 　　For many companies， shrinkflation seems to be unavoidable. In food industry， for example， where customers are highly sensitive to price， lifting prices might make customers jump ship to another brand. But facing the continuous inflation， the companies have to do something to maintain their profits. Introducing small reduction in the size of their goods should enable them to improve profits while keeping their prices competitive. But once noticing the change， customers might feel fooled， leading to a loss of trust and confidence. 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 　　Some grocers are using stickers to remind shoppers of shrinkflation， but still， it’s a tough hit to the bottom line — especially because the price of products generally doesn’t fall as inflation does. Consumers may need to examine both price and size sensibly as they shop， and make sure they don’t fall into the trap of that super size on the shelf. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍一种经济学现象：缩 水式通货膨胀，及其原因和影响。 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍一种经济学现象：缩 水式通货膨胀，及其原因和影响。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 5. Where is the text most probably taken from？（　　） A. A review of financial events. B. An essay on economic phenomena. C. A brochure about an economical life. D. A guideline to a financial course. 解析： 　推理判断题。根据全文内容，结合第一段第二句可知，文 章主要讲述一种经济学现象：缩水式通货膨胀，及其原因和影响。由 此推知，文章最有可能来源于一篇关于经济现象的论文。 √ 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 6. Why does shrinkflation make consumers “less painful” according to Stiving？（　　） A. Shrinkflation reduces human costs. B. Shrinkflation raises purchasing power. C. Consumers become more aware of size. D. Consumers experience little increase in cost. 解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段第二、三句可知，相对于产品量 的减少，消费者更关注购买商品对钱包的影响，即产品价格的变化。 Shrinkflation主要是减量不加价，故消费者不会觉得特别受影响。 √ 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 7. What is paragraph 3 mainly about？（　　） A. The concerns of shoppers. B. The interests of companies. C. The impact of shrinkflation. D. The phenomenon of inflation. 解析： 　段落大意题。根据第三段可知，shrinkflation 随着通货膨胀 而来，但不会在通货膨胀结束而停止，减下去的量不会加回来；价格 也不会降低。所以这一段在讲shrinkflation带来的影响。 √ 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 8. What should consumers do according to the last paragraph？（　　） A. Draw a bottom line. B. Put warning stickers. C. Choose smaller packs. D. Make a conscious decision. 解析： 　细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，消费者要在购 物时应该仔细检查价格和量的变化，从而确保不会掉入陷阱。 √ 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） Ⅱ.完形填空 　　（2025·浙江杭州高二下期末） By the time I went into the Priory Clinic to be treated for shopping addiction， I had crazily built up a debt of $28，000. From quite a young age， I had to have “nice” things because they made me feel  　9　. At the age of sixteen I started a part- time job as a waitress and I loved 　10　 my own money to buy whatever I fancied. 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 　　When I left school at eighteen， I opened several bank  　11　 and collected numerous store and credit cards. I often  　12　 buying things on my shopping trips that I didn’t even want or ever use， just because of the “high” I got from making the purchases. My  　13　 caused a lot of severe problems at home but my parents didn’t understand what was going on， and I refused to talk about it — I felt too guilty and  　14　 and usually kept all my possessions out of sight. In the end I left home but I just couldn’t  　15　 — I was spending my money on useless things and didn’t have enough to  　16　 the expense and bills for my daily life. I had to move back in with my parents and I tried to  　17　 my spending. But I still couldn’t  　18　 the habit. 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 　　Eventually， I got professional help when I lost my  　19　 because I was out of the office shopping all day long. Counseling helped me to discover what  　20　 me a shopping addict， and to set myself weekly  　21　 to change my behavior. I am now successfully rebuilding my life and I’m slowly repaying my  　22　. I am finally aware of who I am and I  　23　 like myself now. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者从年轻时就购物 成瘾，导致入不敷出，欠下很多债务，最终接受专业帮助戒掉购物 瘾的故事。 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者从年轻时就购物 成瘾，导致入不敷出，欠下很多债务，最终接受专业帮助戒掉购物 瘾的故事。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 9. A. important B. good C. ambitious D. confident 解析： 　根据语境可知，美好的东西应是让作者感觉很好。 √ 10. A. spending B. enjoying C. costing D. earning √ 解析： 　根据上文可知，此处指做兼职挣钱。 11. A. accounts B. cards C. numbers D. codes 解析： 　根据下文可知，此处指银行账户。 √ 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 12. A. kept up B. showed up C. ended up D. gave up 解析： 　根据上文可知，作者从购物中能获得“快感”，所以经常 结果是买了一些自己甚至不想要或从来没用过的东西。 13. A. interest B. fault C. trip D. addiction 解析： 根据文章首句可知，作者购物成瘾。 √ √ 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 14. A. unpleasant B. angry C. annoyed D. ashamed 解析： 　空处和guilty并列，结合语境可知，作者购物成瘾引起很多 麻烦，应是感到内疚和羞愧。 15. A. do my best B. live a life C. make ends meet D. deal with money 解析： 　根据下文可知，作者无法维持收支平衡，只得搬回家和父 母一起住。 √ √ 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 16. A. cover B. take C. do D. use 解析： 　根据上下文可知，作者把钱花在没用的东西上，没有足够 的钱来支付日常生活的费用和账单。 √ 17. A. stop B. change C. save D. control √ 解析： 　根据语境和空后my spending可知，作者试着控制花销。 18. A. acquire B. kick C. forget D. refuse √ 解析： 　根据下文提到作者接受专业的帮助可知，作者自己无法改 掉购物成瘾的坏习惯。kick the habit意为 “戒除恶习”。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 19. A. heart B. money C. job D. dream 解析： 　根据下文可知，作者整天不在办公室，应是会失业。 √ 20. A. led B. caused C. aroused D. made 解析： 　结合空后me a shopping addict可知，此处指“是什么让 我成为购物成瘾者”，是“make＋宾语＋宾补”结构，其他动词 无此用法。 √ 21. A. goal B. plan C. schedule D. time 解析： 　上文提到找到自己购物上瘾的原因，结合下文可知，此处 指设定每周目标来改变自己的行为，现在成功地重建了生活。 √ 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 22. A. purchases B. losses C. expenses D. debts 解析： 　根据第一段中I had crazily built up a debt of $28，000可知， 作者欠了很多债，此处指慢慢还债。 23. A. exactly B. actually C. madly D. naturally 解析： 结合语境以及下文可知，作者改掉了坏习惯，实际上喜欢 现在的自己。 √ √ 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） Ⅲ.语法填空 　　（2025·江西鹰潭高二下期末） China is promoting the commercial 24. 　　　　　　 （apply） of intelligent connected vehicles. Up to now， the country 25. 　　　　　　 （establish） 7 pilot areas for the Internet of Vehicles， 16 pilot cities for the coordinated development of smart city infrastructure and intelligent connected vehicles， and 17 national level intelligent connected vehicle test and demonstration bases. Bloomberg made a prediction in April 26. 　　　　　　 Elon Musk would like to test its 27. 　　　　　　 （full） automated driving technology in China， because the country’s artificial intelligence- powered autonomous-vehicle market is “showing great prospects”. 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 　　According to a report 28. 　　　　　　 （release） by the China Institute of Information and Communication Technology during the WIC period， accelerating the large-scale commercial use of self-driving 29. 　　　　　　 （be） of great importance soon in leading the development of the automotive industry and establishing new national competitive advantages. 30. 　　　　　　， there are still many challenges to overcome for autonomous driving. The report urged to provide safety guarantees for self-driving and integrate it 31. 　　　　　　 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） the transportation system； it added that the use of unmanned driving should be expanded and a commercial closed-loop for research and development， testing， and operation should be established. In addition， 32. 　　　　　　 advocates certain policies and regulations should be made to ensure legal protection for autonomous driving and establish 33. 　　　　　　 positive and inclusive social environment to accelerate the commercial operation of autonomous driving services. 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国推动智能网联 汽车的商业化应用及相关挑战。 24. application　考查名词。本空作is promoting的宾语，应用名词 application“应用”。 25. has established　考查时态。根据时间状语Up to now可知，本句时 态用现在完成时，主语the country为第三人称单数，助动词用has。 26. that　考查同位语从句。本空引导同位语从句，对prediction内容 进行说明，从句不缺少成分，句意完整，用连接词that引导。 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国推动智能网联 汽车的商业化应用及相关挑战。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 27. fully　考查副词。本空修饰形容词automated，用副词fully“完全 地”，作状语。 28. released　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，release在句中应 用非谓语动词形式，且release与逻辑主语report之间构成被动关系，应 用过去分词作后置定语。 29. will be　考查时态。根据时间状语soon可知，此处应用一般将来 时，谓语用will be。 30. However　考查副词。前后句之间为转折关系，且此处修饰句 子，应用副词however“然而”，位于句首，首字母大写。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） 31. into　考查介词。integrate ...into ...表示“把……融入……”， 为固定短语。 32. it　考查代词。指代上文的report，需用代词it，作主语。 33. a　考查冠词。此处泛指一种积极包容的社会环境，且positive的 发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。 目 录 英语·选择性必修第四册（WY） $