UNIT 5 Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas(教用Word)-【优学精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第三册（外研版）

本高中英语讲义围绕“攀登珠穆朗玛峰的风险与意义”展开，以Pre-reading背景引入（8000米“死亡区”成因）、While-reading架构分析（文章脉络）、细节理解（选择题）、难句解析（句式与翻译），到Post-reading思维拓展（是否攀登珠峰及原因）和语法填空为学习支架，构建完整阅读学习脉络。 该资料亮点在于融合语言能力与思维品质培养，通过核心词汇集释（如“crowd”“figure out”）、重点句型解构（动词-ing作结果状语）提升语言理解与表达，Post-reading开放性问题（如“是否攀登珠峰”）引导学生分析与价值判断。多样化练习（词块默写、语法填空、阅读理解）辅助课中教学与课后查漏补缺，助力学生巩固知识与提升综合素养。

Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas Pre-reading Why is Qomolangma called death zone above 8，000 meters？ 　Because above this height people can only get 30％ as much oxygen as what they get at sea level.And people can only stand this height for a few days.　 While-reading 第一步：析架构理清脉络 第二步：知细节明察秋毫 1.What does the author try to tell us in paragraph 1？（　　） A.The great difficulty in climbing Qomolangma. B.Two different kinds of Qomolangma climbers. C.People’s strong desire to climb Qomolangma. D.The great risks of climbing Qomolangma. 2.What happened to George Mallory eventually？（　　） A.He succeeded in reaching the top of Qomolangma. B.He lost his life on the mountain. C.He became world-famous because he succeeded. D.He survived with the help of Alan Arnette. 3.What would a person of “Type T” probably do？（　　） A.He is interested in making money. B.He will not go for the mountain climbing. C.He enjoys the excitement of mountain climbing. D.He will be a success in his life journey. 4.According to research， why are some people keen on mountain climbing？（　　） A.Because they love to stay in the places with low air pressure. B.Because they want to follow other people. C.Because they focus on different reasons to succeed in life. D.Because they have the “Type T” personalities or focus on the great benefits of Mountain climbing. 答案：1－4　CBCD 第三步：析难句表达升级 1.Last year， hundreds of people spent good money on an experience that they knew would include crowds， discomfort and danger. 句式分析：that引导　定语　从句，修饰先行词experience， they knew是　插入语　。 自主翻译：　明知道会是一次拥挤、不舒适而又危险的体验，去年仍有数百人愿意为此花费大价钱。　 2.For these people， climbing Qomolangma is an experience like no other， making some feel weak and others， powerful. 句式分析：climbing Qomolangma为动词-ing短语作　主语　；making some feel weak and others， powerful为动词-ing短语作　结果状语　。 自主翻译：　对于这些人来说，攀登珠穆朗玛峰是一项独一无二的体验，它让一些人感受到脆弱的同时也让另一些人感受到强大。　 3.It forces you to look deep inside yourself and figure out if you really have the physical， as well as mental， toughness to push when you want to stop. 句式分析：to look deep inside yourself and figure out ...为动词不定式短语作宾语you的　补足语　；if引导　宾语　从句；when引导　时间状语　从句。 自主翻译：　它会强迫你去深入地审视自己，去思考自己的身体和心灵是否足够坚强，能在你想放弃的时候推动你继续向前。　 Post-reading 第一步：拓思维品质提升 If you were given the chance， would you climb Qomolangma？ Why or why not？ 　Yes. I would.I think it’s a good chance to exercise my will and challenge myself.Meanwhile we can get a lot of sheer joy from doing it.Maybe that is what life means and what life is for./No. I wouldn’t.Because climbing Qomolangma takes not only a healthy body but also a strong will to resist the extreme cold and low air pressure， which is very dangerous.Maybe I will lose my life.　 第二步：课文语法填空 　　Last year， hundreds of people spent a lot of money on climbing Qomolangma， even though they knew they would be challenged with different risks.For some people， climbing makes them feel 1.　powerful　 （power）. 　　George Mallory believed that we eat and make money 2.　to enjoy　 （enjoy） life.Sadly， this climber lost his life in 1924 when he 3.　was climbing　 （climb） Qomolangma.4.　It　 is still not known if he succeeded in reaching the top before it took his life.Alan Arnette， 5.　who　 climbed Qomolangma in 2011， held the idea that climbing brought 6.　into　 focus what was important to you in your life.He believed that there were a thousand reasons to turn around and only one to keep going.He added， “You have to focus on 7.　the　 one reason that’s most important and unique to you.It depends on the physical and mental 8.　toughness　 （tough） to push when you want to give up.” 　　With the majority of attempts 9.　resulting　 （result） either in total success or failure， is there a scientific reason？Recent studies indicate that risk-taking may be part of human nature.Besides， people enjoy climbing because they expect to benefit from the result. 　　Therefore， it’s 10.　totally　 （total） up to you whether you will take the risk of climbing Qomolangma. CLIMBING QOMOLANGMA： WORTH THE RISKS？ 　　Last year， hundreds of people spent good money on①an experience [1]that they knew would include crowds②， discomfort③and danger.Many [2]would become sick， due to④the extreme cold and low air pressure， and a few would even lose their lives⑤.Yet， despite⑥ all this， by the end of⑦ the trip many were already planning to return.For these people，[3]climbing Qomolangma is an experience like no other， [4]making some feel weak and [5]others， powerful. 　　[1]that引导定语从句，在从句中作主语。 　　[2]would do ...表示过去将来时；become sick意为“生病”， become是系动词，形容词sick作表语。 　　[3]climbing Qomolangma是动词-ing短语作主语。 　　[4]making some feel weak ...是动词-ing短语作定语，修饰前面的experience； make sb do sth意为“让某人做某事”。 　　[5]others， powerful是省略成分，原句应该为making others powerful。 　　British mountain climber George Mallory wrote of⑧ climbing Qomolangma，“[6]What we get from this adventure is just sheer⑨ joy ... We do not live [7]to eat and make money.We eat and make money⑩ to be able to enjoy⑪ life.That is [8]what life means and what life is for.” Sadly， Mallory would die on the mountain in 1924， [9]although his body would not be found until many years later.[10]It is still not known if he succeeded in reaching⑫ the top of Qomolangma before it took his life⑬. 　　[6]What引导主语从句，并在从句中作get的宾语。 　　[7]to eat and make money是并列状语，make前面省略了to。 　　[8]what life means and what life is for中两个what都引导表语从句。 　　[9]although引导让步状语从句，通常不和and、 but、 so连用。 　　[10]该句中It是形式主语，if引导的从句是真正的主语。 　　In 2011，words similar to⑭ [11]those of Mallory were spoken by American mountain climber Alan Arnette， [12]who climbed Qomolangma in that year and was going to climb other high mountains around the world⑮.“It brings into focus⑯ [13]what’s important to you.” He added， “There are a thousand reasons to turn around⑰ and only one to keep going.You really have to focus on⑱ the one reason [14]that’s most important and unique to you.It forces you to look deep inside yourself and figure out⑲ if you really have the physical， as well as⑳ mental， toughness to push when you want to stop.” 　　[11]those是代词，指代前面提到的words。 　　[12]who引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面的Alan Arnette，补充说明这个人的情况。 　　[13]what引导宾语从句，并在从句中作主语。 　　[14]that引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，且不可省略。 　　[15]With the majority of attempts㉑ to climb Qomolangma resulting either in total success or㉒ failure㉓， is there also a scientific㉔ reason behind this risk-taking？Recent studies indicate that risk-taking may be part of human nature， with some of us more likely to㉕ take risks㉖ than others.Psychologist㉗ Frank Farley has spent years studying people who jump out of planes and drive fast cars， as well as those who climb Qomolangma.He refers to the personalities of these people as㉘ “Type T”， with the “T” standing for㉙ “thrill㉚”. 　　Speaking to the LA Times about the “Type T” personalities， Farley said， “They’ll say， ‘I’m not taking risks， I’m an expert ...’They don’t want to die and they don’t expect to die.” 　　Research also [16]suggests that our desire to seek risks can be connected to㉛ how much we expect to benefit from㉜ the result. 　　With this in mind， are the benefits of climbing Qomolangma worth the risks？ It’s totally up to㉝ you. 　　[15]with复合结构，即“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”，宾语是the majority of attempts to climb Qomolangma，宾语补足语是resulting either in total success or failure。 　　[16]suggest在此处意为“表明”， that引导宾语从句。 ①spend money on 在……上花钱 ②crowd n.人群 ③discomfort n.不舒服；不安 ④due to 由于 ⑤lose one’s life 失去某人的生命 ⑥despite prep.尽管，不管 ⑦by the end of到……的结尾 ⑧write of 写到；文章中提及 ⑨sheer adj.纯粹的，十足的 ⑩make money 赚钱 ⑪be able to do sth 有能力做某事 ⑫succeed in doing sth 成功做某事 ⑬take one’s life 夺走某人的生命 ⑭（be） similar to与……相似 ⑮around the world全世界 ⑯bring ... into focus 使……成为焦点 ⑰turn around 转身 ⑱focus on 集中精力于 ⑲figure out 弄明白，搞清楚 ⑳as well as 和 ㉑attempt n.努力，尝试 ㉒either ...or ... 要么……要么…… ㉓failure n.失败 ㉔scientific adj.科学上的，与科学有关的 ㉕（be） more likely to 更有可能去…… be likely to do sth 有可能做某事 ㉖take risks冒险 ㉗psychologist n.心理学家 ㉘refer to ... as ... 把……称为…… ㉙stand for 代表 ㉚thrill n.惊险，刺激 ㉛be connected to 与……相关 ㉜benefit from 从……中获益 ㉝be up to由……决定 参考译文 攀登珠穆朗玛峰：值得冒险吗？ 　　明知道会是一次拥挤、不舒适而又危险的体验，去年仍有数百人愿意为此花费大价钱。由于极端严寒与低气压，很多人会生病，甚至有少数人会丢掉性命。尽管如此，在旅程的结尾，已经有很多人在计划着重返这里。对于这些人来说，攀登珠穆朗玛峰是一项独一无二的体验，它让一些人感受到脆弱的同时也让另一些人感受到强大。 　　英国登山家乔治·马洛里曾这样记述攀登珠峰的体验：“我们从这项冒险活动中获得的是纯粹的快乐……我们活着不是为了吃饭和挣钱。我们吃饭和挣钱是为了能够享受生活。这才是生活的意义和目标。”可惜的是，1924年马洛里在登山过程中身亡，而他的遗体多年后才被找到。至今人们也不知道他生前是否成功登顶了珠峰。 　　2011年，美国登山家艾伦·阿内特也说过与马洛里类似的话。那一年他登上了珠峰，之后又准备去攀登世界各地其他的高山。“登山让你聚焦于对你而言重要的事，”他补充道，“纵使有一千个理由让你回头，但总有一个让你继续前行。你必须专注于那一个对你来说最重要也最独特的理由。它会强迫你去深入地审视自己，去思考自己的身体和心灵是否足够坚强，能在你想放弃的时候推动你继续向前。” 　　攀登珠峰的大多数尝试要么大获全胜，要么彻底失败，这一冒险行为的背后是否也有科学解释呢？近日有研究指出，冒险可能是人类天性中的一部分，而有些人比其他人更愿意去冒险。心理学家弗兰克·法利曾花费数年时间研究那些高空跳伞、飙车以及攀登珠峰的人。他把这些人的人格特征称作“T型人格”，“T”代表“刺激”。 　　在对《洛杉矶时报》描述“T型人格”时，法利说道：“他们会说‘我并不是在冒险，我是这方面的专家……’。他们并不想死，也不认为自己会死。” 　　研究还表明，我们对于冒险的渴望与我们期待从中获得多少好处有关。 　　了解这些之后，你认为攀登珠峰带来的好处值得人们去冒险吗？答案完全取决于你自己。 Ⅰ.词块默写 1.　open up the sea route　　　　开辟海上航线 2.　extreme cold　　　极端严寒 3.　an experience like no other　　　一项独一无二的体验 4.　sheer joy　　　纯粹的快乐 5.　take a risk/risks　　　冒险 6.　in search of a westward route　　　寻找一条向西的路线 7.　sea level　　　海平面 8.　air pressure　　　气压 9.　write of climbing Qomolangma　　　记述攀登珠穆朗玛峰的（体验） 10.　look inside yourself　　　观察自己的内心 Ⅱ.课文原句默写 1.　It is still not known if he succeeded in reaching the top of Qomolangma　 before it took his life. 至今人们也不知道他生前是否成功登顶了珠峰。 2.You really have to focus on the one reason 　that’s most important and unique to you　. 你必须专注于那一个对你来说最重要也最独特的理由。 3.Research also suggests 　that our desire to seek risks can be connected to how much we expect to benefit from the result　. 研究还表明，我们对于冒险的渴望与我们期待从中获得多少好处有关。 核心词汇集释 1.crowd n.人群 vt.挤满，塞满；涌上心头 教材原句　①Last year， hundreds of people spent good money on an experience that they knew would include crowds， discomfort and danger. 明知道会是一次拥挤、不舒适而又危险的体验，去年仍有数百人愿意为此花费大价钱。 ②（人教选必三） We are now crowded together under one of our boats on the rocky shore of this miserable place. 现在，在这个悲惨之地的岩石海岸，我们挤在一艘小船下。 【用法】 （1）a crowd of　　　　　　一群…… crowds of　　大量的，成群的 （2）crowd into　　挤入；涌入 crowd in on sb　　涌上某人的心头；涌入某人的脑海 be crowded with　　挤满了 【佳句】　The happy memories of getting along with my best friend crowded in on me/into my mind.（友谊） 我与我的挚友相处的快乐回忆涌入了我的脑海。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①Seeing these pictures， Tom felt that the memories of childhood crowded 　into　 his mind. 【写美】　完成句子 ②挤满观众的大厅让我变得更加紧张。我的心扑通扑通地好像要跳出来了。 　The hall crowded with audience　 made me even more uneasy.My heart was pounding hard， as if it were about to pop. 2.bring ...into focus 使……成为焦点 教材原句　It brings into focus what’s important to you.登山让你聚焦于对你而言重要的事。 【用法】 （1）focus on/upon　　 集中（注意力、精力等）于 focus/fix one’s attention on/upon sth 　　把注意力集中到某事/某物上 （2）the focus of attention　关注的焦点 （3）keep/stay focused 保持专注/集中注意力 【佳句】　The accidents that happened recently have brought teenagers’ mental health into focus. 最近发生的事故使青少年的心理健康成为人们关注的焦点。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①She tried to focus 　on　 her breathing during the yoga class to calm her mind. ②（2024·1月浙江卷）Instead， she focused on 　reaching　 （reach） the shadow cast on the track by an oak tree up ahead. 【写美】　句式升级 ③He focused his energy on working， so he spared no time to travel. →　Focusing his energy on working　， he spared no time to travel.（动词-ing短语作状语） 3.turn around 转身；（使企业、经济等）好转 教材原句　There are a thousand reasons to turn around and only one to keep going. 纵使有一千个理由让你回头，但总有一个让你继续前行。 【用法】 turn ...into ... 　 　把……变成…… turn up 　　开大，调大；出现 turn down　　关小，调小；拒绝 turn on/off　　打开/关掉 turn over　　翻转；移交；仔细考虑 turn out　　制造，生产；结果是 It turns out that ... 结果是……；证明是…… 【佳句】　She turned over the problem in her head all night but still couldn’t find a solution. 她整夜都在仔细考虑这个问题，但仍然没有找到解决办法。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①（2024·新课标Ⅰ卷）Gunter parked the taxi behind the bus， turned 　around　， and looked at me with a big smile on his face. ②They are planning to turn the empty land behind the school 　into　 a small garden. 【写美】　完成句子 ③事实证明，帮助别人实现他们的梦想让我更快乐。 　It turns out that　 helping others realise their dreams makes me happier.（主旨升华） 4.figure out 理解；弄明白；计算出 教材原句　①It forces you to look deep inside yourself and figure out if you really have the physical， as well as mental， toughness to push when you want to stop.它会强迫你去深入地审视自己，去思考自己的身体和心灵是否足够坚强，能在你想放弃的时候推动你继续向前。 ②（译林选必二）We have to figure out how to keep the technology from running wild. 我们必须弄清楚如何防止技术失控。 【用法】 （1）figure on　　　　　期待；指望，依赖 figure sth in　　将某事物包括在内/计算在内 figure that ...　　认为……，认定…… （2）keep one’s figure　　保持（优美的）身材 have a good figure　　有一个好身材 two sets of figures　　两组数字 historical figure　　历史人物 a three-sided figure　　三边图形 【佳句】　I suggest you make a study plan to figure out how to manage your time effectively. （建议信） 我建议你制定一个学习计划，弄清楚如何有效地管理时间。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①（2024·全国甲卷）That’s why this issue （期） of Writer’s Digest aims to help you figure 　out　 how to write the best ending for whatever kind of writing you’re doing. ②There is still half an hour left.You can figure 　on　 him showing up in the party on time. 【写美】　完成句子 ③只有通过均衡饮食和定期锻炼，你才能既保持身材又保持健康。 Only by means of balanced diets and regular exercise 　can you keep your figure　 as well as stay healthy. 5.attempt n.努力，尝试 v.努力，尝试，试图 教材原句　①With the majority of attempts to climb Qomolangma resulting either in total success or failure， is there also a scientific reason behind this risk-taking？ 攀登珠峰的大多数尝试要么大获全胜，要么彻底失败，这一冒险行为的背后是否也有科学解释呢？ ②（人教选必三）To change bad habits is never easy， even with many attempts. 改变坏习惯绝非易事，即使尝试过很多次。 【用法】 （1）make an attempt to do/at doing sth　　　　尝试做某事 at one’s/the first attempt　　（某人）第一次尝试 in an/one’s attempt to do sth　　为了做某事 （2）attempt to do sth　　企图做某事，尝试做某事 （3）attempted adj.　　未遂的 【佳句】　In an attempt to ease the tension， I suggest that we break off the conversation for lunch. （场景描写） 为了缓和紧张的气氛，我建议我们停止谈话去吃午饭。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①As long as you attempt 　to take　 （take） regular practice towards your goal， your’re heading in the right direction. ②If you fail 　at　 the first attempt， there is no need to be upset about it. 【写美】　一句多译 ③听说将要举办中国画展，我想申请成为这次活动的志愿者。 →Hearing a Chinese painting exhibition will be hosted， I 　attempt to apply to be a volunteer　 for the event.（attempt v.） →Hearing a Chinese painting exhibition is due to be hosted， I 　make an attempt to apply to be a volunteer　 for the event.（attempt n.） 重点句型解构 ◇句型公式：动词-ing短语作结果状语 教材原句　①Christopher Columbus （1451－1506） was an Italian explorer who completed journeys between Spain and the Americas， thus marking the beginning of European exploration of the Americas. 克里斯托弗·哥伦布（1451—1506）是一位意大利探险家，他完成了西班牙和美洲之间的旅程，从而标志着欧洲人开始探索美洲。 ②（人教必修三）He crashed into the stone， spilling the milk everywhere. 他撞到了石头上，把牛奶洒得到处都是。 【用法】 （1）动词-ing短语作结果状语，相当于一个并列谓语，描述谓语动词发生后所产生的一种自然而然的结果，有时其前可加thus表示强调。 （2）动词不定式短语作结果状语表示出乎意料的结果，其前常加only表示强调。 【佳句】　This meaningful activity not only helps us relax ourselves but also makes us get close to nature， leaving us to experience the joy of labour. 这个有意义的活动不仅帮助我们放松自我，而且让我们亲近大自然，让我们体验劳动的快乐。 【写美】　微写作/句式升级 ①我匆忙赶到机场， 结果发现飞机已经起飞了。 I hurried to the airport 　only to find　 the plane had taken off. ②上课之前，你最好准备充分并且对唐朝历史有一个简单的了解，这会让你上起课来更容易。 You’d better make full preparations before class and have a brief understanding of the history of the Tang Dynasty， 　making it easy for you to go through the class　. （建议信） ③He studied so hard day and night that he passed the exam with flying colors. →He studied hard day and night， 　passing the exam with flying colors　.（动词-ing短语作状语） Ⅰ.单词拼写 1.After overcoming her 　initial　 （最初的） shyness， Maria became very enthusiastic and friendly. 2.The country shares a 　border　 （边界） with several neighbouring states. 3.The universities have expanded， 　thus　 （从而） giving more people the opportunity of receiving higher education. 4.Many people are afraid to leave their comfort zone　 because they are afraid of the unknown. 5.Oxygen　 is a gas that is present in air and water and is necessary for people， animals and plants to live. Ⅱ.完成句子 1.The debate on social media 　brought the issue into focus　 （使这个问题成为焦点）. 2.What you really need to do is 　to figure out the reason why you failed the exam　 （去弄清楚你考试失败的原因）， and take appropriate measures to solve the problems. 3.He comes home late every evening， 　making his wife very angry　 （这使他的妻子很生气）. 维度一：品句填词 1.The 　initial　 （最初的） plan was to build a small library， but it eventually grew into a cultural center for the whole community. 2.The peaceful 　border　 （国界） between the two countries has promoted trade and cultural exchanges for decades. 3.The latest scientific research has 　confirmed　 （证实） that regular exercise can significantly improve memory. 4.It was 　sheer　 （纯粹的） luck that we found the missing documents just before the important meeting. 5.These special economic 　zones　 （地区） have attracted many foreign investors with their favorable policies. 6.Mountain climbers need to carry extra oxygen　 supplies when ascending peaks above 8，000 meters. 7.The experiment was carefully designed and thus　 produced very reliable results that supported our hypothesis. 8.Large crowds　 gathered in the square to celebrate the traditional festival with music and dance performances. 维度二：词形转换 1.She was 　thrilled　 （thrill） to learn that she had won the competition. 2.The restaurant was very 　crowded　 （crowd）， so we had to wait for a table. 3.The 　failure　 （fail） of the company was a direct result of bad management. 4.After weeks of waiting， I finally received the 　confirmation　 （confirm） of my university acceptance. 维度三：固定搭配和句式 1.Do you know what the five colours of the Olympic rings 　stand for　 （代表）？ 2.The moment he 　turned around　 （转身）， I recognised that he was the man who had helped me before. 3.Humans have been exploring the universe for many years and we still can’t 　figure out　 （弄清楚） how it came into existence. 4.The couple spent 　good money　 （一大笔钱） decorating their new house in the hope that it would be comfortable to live in. 5.Research has shown that having a preference for junk food can 　result in　 （导致） obesity. 6.Some people think that high school students 　benefit from　 （受益于） physical activity， while others believe that it is a waste of time. 7.They 　attempted to climb the mountain　 （试图爬山） but had to turn back due to bad weather. 8.The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment， 　allowing more patients to be treated　 （使更多的病人能够得到治疗）. 维度四：一词多义/熟词生义 快速阅读下列句子并选出句中加黑词汇对应的意思 1.sheer A.adj.纯粹的，完全的　　　 B.adj.陡峭的 C.v.使急转向 ①The driver had to sheer the car to avoid hitting the deer. 　　C　 ②The movie was a sheer waste of time. 　　A　 ③The mountain had a sheer cliff that was difficult to climb. 　　B　 快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的词汇及词义 2.They carved their initials on the desk. 　n.首字母　 3.The cause of the crash was given as engine failure. 　n.故障　 4.（2023·全国甲卷） ... when we experience something outside of our comfort zone， we get impatient about the circumstances. 　n.区域　 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A 　　（2025·湖南岳阳高一下期中）The idea of climbing Qomolangma disgusted me.The mountain came to represent the opposite of everything that I loved and respected about climbing.What had once been the final mountain climbing goal became the focus of a commercial guiding industry.Over the years， the crowds at Base Camp grew， leaving behind tons of trash.Whenever I was asked whether I’d climb Qomolangma， my answer was always the same： not interested. 　　That was probably where my personal Qomolangma story would have ended， were it not for an old friend and his obsession （迷恋） with one of the greatest mysteries.In 1999， Thom Pollard began to explore and found the remains of George Mallory， the celebrated British climber who disappeared while he was attempting to be the first to climb Qomolangma.But Mallory’s partner， Sandy Irvine， and the camera he had likely carried， were not found.The mountain climbing world has been wondering whether they might have reached the top in 1924. 　　Pollard’s story moved me.I began to pack for the climb and expected that our advanced equipment would make it manageable， perhaps easy.I was wrong.On the highest point on the planet， I was more tired than I’d ever been in any climbing.Along the way， I continuously tipped my hat， not just to Mallory and Irvine but to anyone who has the drive to push himself or herself up this route.My search was in vain， but I began to reconsider Qomolangma. 　　I witnessed many climbers， who were much more than just self-centered tourists.We shared route information， weather forecasts， and family photos — all united around a common goal. 　　I went to Qomolangma to seek Irvine.But in the end， I found something more difficult to get： the spirit that Irvine and Mallory shared.It was hiding in plain sight， right where it has always been： inside the brave souls who risk so much to follow in storied adventurers’ footsteps up Qomolangma. 语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了在朋友Thom Pollard的激励下，作者开始攀登珠穆朗玛峰，但他发现这要比他想象中难。在攀登的过程中，作者感悟到了更重要的东西，并对那些冒着巨大风险追随传奇探险家的脚步而攀登珠穆朗玛峰的勇士表达了钦佩之情。 1.What is the main reason why the author hated climbing Qomolangma？（　　） A.He changed his climbing goal. B.Qomolangma was seriously polluted by trash. C.Qomolangma became an industry to make money. D.The mountain was too crowded with climbers. 解析：C　细节理解题。根据第一段第三句可知，曾经的最终登山目标成了商业向导行业的焦点。由此可知，作者讨厌攀登珠穆朗玛峰是因为它变成了一个赚钱的行业。 2.Why did the author climb Qomolangma later？（　　） A.Because he desired to challenge himself. B.Because he got motivated by Thom Pollard. C.Because his old friend persuaded him to climb again. D.Because he wanted to follow the footsteps of Mallory and Irvine. 解析：B　细节理解题。根据第三段首句可知，Pollard的故事打动了作者。由此可知，作者后来攀登珠穆朗玛峰是受到了Thom Pollard的激励。 3.What does the underlined phrase “tipped my hat” in paragraph 3 mean？（　　） A.Expressed my gratitude. B.Proved my determination. C.Relieved the tiredness. D.Showed my respect. 解析：D　词义猜测题。根据第三段中的I began to pack for the climb ... ever been in any climbing.可知，作者本来以为先进的登山设备可以使攀登珠穆朗玛峰变得容易，但是事实证明，作者错了。在地球的最高点，作者感觉攀登珠穆朗玛峰比以往任何一次攀登都要累。再根据画线词后的句子可知，此处表示在攀登的过程中，作者一直在向Mallory、Irvine和所有有动力推动自己走上这条路的人致敬。画线短语tipped my hat的意思是“表示尊敬”，和showed my respect意思相近。 4.What is the last paragraph mainly about？（　　） A.Admiration for the climbers. B.Concern about the risk. C.Confidence in the journey. D.Hope for Qomolangma’s future. 解析：A　段落大意题。根据最后一段可知，Irvine和Mallory所分享的这种精神隐藏在显而易见的地方，就在它一直存在的地方：在那些冒着巨大风险追随传奇探险家的脚步而攀登珠穆朗玛峰的勇敢灵魂里。由此可推断，作者在最后对那些冒着巨大风险追随传奇探险家的脚步而攀登珠穆朗玛峰的勇士表达了钦佩之情。 B 　　（2025·湖北黄石高一下期末）It was 24 February 2017， and my husband， David， and I were both at work.It was a day like any other.Our 15-year-old son， Justin， his sister and his friend Mike were playing with a ball in our backyard.Completely a common day！ 　　What happened next was exactly a storm.Justin suddenly suffered cardiac arrest （心脏停搏） caused by a hit to the chest， and his heart just stopped.No pulse， no heartbeat.There are only about 10 to 20 cases a year.And it was almost always deadly until recently， when CPR （心肺复苏） has worked in up to one-third of cases. 　　Thankfully， the other children acted immediately instead of freezing in fear.Mike called 911 while my daughter called my husband.That second call proved vitally important， as my husband was able to get in touch with a neighbor who ran over and started CPR.And later， the doctors arrived and quickly shocked Justin’s heartbeat rhythm （节奏） back to normal. 　　Since then， I’ve found myself changed as a parent.There is more worry now.This unexpected incident has made me realise that anything can happen to my children.So， we’re doing what we can to be prepared.Earlier this year， Justin took part in a community education event with our fire department teaching Hands-Only CPR to the public.At least 100 participants showed up， and Justin shared his story to show why CPR is so important.At a local university where I work as a nurse lecturer， I’ve volunteered to join the CPR and AED first aid training for incoming freshmen. 　　David and I feel very fortunate to still have our son with us.If the kids hadn’t known to call 911， he wouldn’t be here.If our neighbor hadn’t known CPR， Justin wouldn’t be here.I think everyone should take the time to learn CPR.You could save a life — maybe the life of someone you love.Cardiac arrest often comes without warning.Everything will be normal right up until the point it isn’t.You have to know what to do. 语篇解读：本文为一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的儿子在一次心脏突发骤停事故中被邻居实施急救，最后醒了过来，作者和儿子意识到急救知识的重要性，帮助其他人培训急救技能的故事。 5.Why does the author say the incident was a storm？（　　） A.Her son played dangerous sports. B.Her son had a close encounter with death. C.Her children made a real mess when playing. D.Her neighbor complained of the children’s noise. 解析：B　细节理解题。根据第二段前三句可知，作者说这场事故是一次风暴是由于她的儿子与死神擦肩而过。 6.How did the author feel about the other children’s responses？（　　） A.Curious.　 B.Grateful. C.Surprised.　 D.Puzzled. 解析：B　推理判断题。根据第三段内容可推知，在这次事故中孩子们的及时反应让作者的儿子最后醒了过来，作者对此是心存感激的。 7.What did the author and Justin do after the incident？（　　） A.They worked as medical workers. B.They shared their stories on speaking tours. C.They trained others in first aid skills. D.They introduced first aid courses to schools. 解析：C　细节理解题。根据第四段可知，作者和他儿子在这次事故后帮助其他人培训急救技能。 8.What does the last paragraph mainly highlight？（　　） A.The theory behind CPR. B.The ways of ensuring child safety. C.The causes of cardiac arrest. D.The importance of learning first aid. 解析：D　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的If the kids hadn’t known to ... the life of someone you love.可推知，最后一段强调了学习急救知识的重要性。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五 　　（2025·山西大同高一下期末） Camping with Kids： A Guide for Family-Friendly Outdoor Fun 　　Heading out to the wilderness with the little ones is a big deal， especially if it’s for the first time.Your kids’ first camping trip is an adventure， but it can be difficult to manage.With careful planning， you can create memories that will last a lifetime， and your kids will be asking when the next trip will be. 　　9.　（　　）　 Before you head out to the campground， talk about camping at home.Tell them what to expect， and read camping stories.There are some great books about camping to teach your kids about what they’ll be experiencing. 　　Invite the kids in packing.10.　（　　）　 Talk about each item you’re packing and why they’ll need it， so they understand what each item is for.Remember to ask if there’s anything special they would like to bring along and listen to their opinions. 　　Ask them what they want to eat and do.Kids are little humans with likes， interests， and expectations.Planning your trip around your kids’ interests will work to create a smoother trip.Help them understand there may be limitations.11.　（　　）　 　　Make camping educational.Even if your little ones aren’t home-schooled， camping is the perfect educational opportunity.Here are some examples of ways you can make camping educational： 　　·12.　（　　）　 　　·Take nature hikes around the area and teach your kids about the different wild animals and the sounds they make. 　　·Pay attention to historical sites and interactive visitor centers at nearby parks. 　　13.　（　　）　 With the above tips， your family will set out for the adventure of a lifetime and will talk about it for years to come. A.Introduce your kids to camping. B.Plan accordingly， and then plan again. C.Bring books to read while camping with kids. D.For example， they’re not going to be living on ice cream. E.It is important to make them take part in the packing process. F.That’s why parents should get everything prepared for their kids. G.Camping with kids doesn’t have to be stressful with proper planning. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了与孩子一起露营的指南，旨在为家庭提供友好的户外娱乐建议。 9.A　空处是本段主旨句，根据下文可知，本段主要讲的是露营出发前要给孩子讲一讲关于露营的事情。A项（向你的孩子介绍露营）能够概括本段内容，符合语境。 10.E　根据本段主旨句Invite the kids in packing.可知，空处应与收拾行李有关。E项（让他们参与打包过程是很重要的）符合语境。 11.D　上文说明要让孩子知道露营时可能有一些限制，空处应该是对限制作进一步说明。D项（例如，他们不能光吃冰淇淋过活）承接上文，符合语境。 12.C　根据上文可知，本空应是让露营变得有教育意义的例子。C项（带着书和孩子们一起去露营）承接上文，符合语境。 13.G　下文是对整篇文章的总结，说明了以上建议很有意义，空处也应该是总结性的句子。G项（只要计划得当，和孩子们一起露营就不会有压力）引出下文，符合语境。 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $