专题05 完形填空（期中真题汇编，安徽专用）高二英语下学期

专题05 完形填空 主题01 人与社会——社会与文化 Passage 1 （24-25高二下·安徽蚌埠·期中） In 2020,13-year-old Adeola Olagbegi caught a rare illness, and had a successful operation. 1 , Adeola is now out of the hospital. While he was 2 , he found out that he was qualified for a(n) 3 to ask for a dream wish from Make-A-Wish Foundation. While many teens would choose a Disney trip or meet a favourite figure, Adeola 4 chose to feed the homeless. The Make-A-Wish Foundation is famous for brightening the lives of children 5 illnesses by realizing their wishes, a wish always includes having something or going somewhere. However, Adeola’s wish to give came as a 6 to the organization, as Adeola’s 7 wish was the first of its kind in the organization’s 35-year history. “When he so easily offers to help others, you just have to say, that’s a(n) 8 young man,” said Linda, an official of the organization. She was 9 with the teen’s kindness and sense of 10 . Adeola thinks his past experiences 11 with his family in their community are what 12 him to make the giving wish. When deciding what to do with the 13 chance, the one thing that was the most important to him was that his wish had a long-lasting 14 . “My mum always says it’s lucky to be someone 15 , so I just wanted to do something for other people to make it last longer,” Adeola explained. 1．A．Naturally B．Hopefully C．Thankfully D．Frankly 2．A．recovering B．practising C．preparing D．fighting 3．A．interview B．opportunity C．goal D．promise 4．A．anyway B．therefore C．moreover D．instead 5．A．suffering from B．taking on C．looking through D．getting off 6．A．worry B．success C．surprise D．disappointment 7．A．formal B．generous C．exciting D．curious 8．A．kind B．terrible C．capable D．confident 9．A．confused B．affected C．strict D．impressed 10．A．honour B．humour C．responsibility D．relief 11．A．designing B．exploring C．volunteering D．exercising 12．A．permits B．forces C．expects D．inspires 13．A．normal B．unexpected C．strange D．different 14．A．memory B．friendship C．appreciation D．impact 15．A．helpful B．careful C．powerful D．regretful 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D 5．A 6．C 7．B 8．A 9．D 10．C 11．C 12．D 13．B 14．D 15．A 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲的是13岁的Adcola Olagbegi向许愿基金会申请愿望的时候选择了帮助无家可归的人，这让这个组织很惊讶，文中也讲到了Adcola选择这个愿望的原因。 1．考查副词词义辨析。句意：值得庆幸的是，Adcola现在已经出院。A. Naturally自然地；B. Hopefully有希望地；C. Thankfully值得庆幸的是；D. Frankly坦白地。由后文的“Adcola is now out of hospital”可知，Adcola现在已经出院，这是值得庆幸的。故选C。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在康复期间，他发现自己有资格从许愿基金会获得一个梦想愿望的机会。A. recovering康复；B. practicing练习；C. preparing准备；D. fighting战斗。由上文的“had a successful operation”和“Adcola is now out of hospital”可知，他出院后在康复期间，他发现自己有资格向许愿基金会（Make-A-Wish Foundation）许愿。故选A。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在康复期间，他发现自己有资格从许愿基金会获得一个梦想愿望的机会。A. interview面试；B. opportunity机会；C. goal目标；D. promise承诺。由后文的“to ask for a dream wish from Make-A-Wish Foundation”可知，他发现自己有机会向许愿基金会许愿。故选B。 4．考查副词词义辨析。句意：许多青少年会选择去迪士尼行或者见最喜欢的人物，而Adcola却选择了给无家可归的人提供食物。A. anyway无论如何；B. therefore因此；C. moreover此外；D. instead相反。由上文的“many teens would choose a Disney trip or meet a favourite figure”和后文的“chose to feed the homeless”可知，此处将 Adcola与许多青少年进行对比，所以“相反”符合句意。故选D。 5．考查动词短语辨析。句意：许愿基金会以通过实现他们的愿望来点亮患有疾病的儿童的生活而闻名，一个愿望总是包括拥有一些东西或去一些地方。A. suffering from患有；B. taking on呈现；C. looking through浏览；D. getting off下车。由后文的“illnesses”可知，此处表示“生病的孩子”。故选A。 6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，Adcola的愿望让该组织感到意外，因为Adcola的慷慨愿望是该组织35年历史上的第一次。A. worry担心；B. success成功；C. surprise意外之事；D. disappointment失望。由后文的“as Adeola's___7___ wish was the first of its kind in the organization's 35-year history”可知，Adcola的愿望让该组织感到意外。故选C。 7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，Adcola的愿望让该组织感到意外，因为Adcola的慷慨愿望是该组织35年历史上的第一次。A. formal正式的；B. generous慷慨的；C. exciting令人激动的；D. curious好奇的。由第一段的“ Adcola__4__ chose to feed the homeless”可知，他的愿望很慷慨。故选B。 8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“当他如此轻易地提出帮助别人时，你只需要说，这是一个善良的年轻人，”该组织的官员琳达说。A. kind善良的；B. terrible糟糕的；C. capable有能力的；D. confident自信的。由上文的“he so easily offers to help others”可知，他如此轻易地提出帮助别人，他是一个善良的年轻人。故选A。 9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个青少年的善良和责任感给她留下了深刻的印象。A. confused困惑的；B. affected被（外界因素）影响的；C. strict严格的；D. impressed印象深刻的。由后文的“with the teen’s kindness and sense of __10”可知，这个青少年的善良和责任感给Linda留下了深刻的印象。故选D。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个青少年的善良和责任感给她留下了深刻的印象。A. honour荣幸；B. humour幽默；C. responsibility责任；D. relief宽慰。由第4空后的“chose to feed the homeless”可知，这个青少年有责任感。故选C。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Adcola认为他过去和家人一起在社区做志愿者的经历是激励他实现捐赠愿望的原因。A. designing设计；B. exploring探索；C. volunteering自愿做；D. exercising练习。由后文的“with his family in their community”可知，他和家人在社区做志愿者。故选C。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Adcola认为他过去和家人一起在社区做志愿者的经历是激励他实现捐赠愿望的原因。A. permits允许；B. forces强迫；C. expects期待；D. inspires激励。由上文的“his past experiences _11_ with his family in their community”和后文的“to make the giving wish”可知，Adcola认为他过去和家人一起在社区做志愿者的经历是激励他实现捐赠愿望的原因。故选D。 13．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当决定如何处理这个意外的机会时，对他来说最重要的一件事是，他的愿望具有持久的影响。A. normal正常的；B. unexpected出乎意料的；C. strange奇怪的；D. different不同的。根据第一段的“While he was ___2___, he found out that he was qualified for a(n) ___3___ to ask for a dream wish from Make-A-Wish Foundation.”可知，他可以要求一个愿望是一个出乎意料的机会。故选B。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当决定如何处理这个意外的机会时，对他来说最重要的一件事是，他的愿望具有持久的影响。A. memory记忆；B. friendship友谊；C. appreciation感激；D. impact影响。由后文的“do something for other people”可知，为他人做点事情，这是对他人有影响的。故选D。 15．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我妈妈总是说，能成为一个乐于助人的人是一件很幸运的事，所以我只是想为别人做些事情，让这种感觉持续得更久。”Adcola解释说。A. helpful有帮助的；B. careful仔细的；C. powerful强大的；D. regretful后悔的。由后文的“do something for other people”可知，他为他人做点事情，也就是他是对他人有帮助的。故选A。 Passage 2 （24-25高二下·安徽联考·期中） Evan, who only began playing the guitar five months ago, has already fallen in love with the instrument. 1 by rock stars like Jimi Hendrix and Led Zeppelin, Evan found his 2 took root last Christmas when his dad 3 an electric guitar to him. But after getting used to playing that guitar for two months, he wanted an 4 . While testing advanced guitars at a local shop, Evan 5 a stranger, who seemed to take great interest in his playing. “He was 6 listening to me play and said it sounded pretty good. I thought nothing of it because he then walked out,” Evan 7 . 8 , just a brief moment later, that same man returned with a guitar case in his hand. Inside was a Fender Telecaster valued at over $1,500. “And 9 , he stuffed it into my hands, saying ‘it’s yours’,” said Evan. “He also said the paperwork and everything else were in the case as he headed out.” It left Evan and his father, Gary Sterling, 10 . “I was waiting for the, ‘All you have to do is 11 this amount of money,’ but nothing like that happened. When he left, the shop owner said, ‘He 12 it. I’ve seen him do such things before.’ I was just in disbelief,” Gary added. This unexpected 13 touched Evan deeply. Now, Evan has his own 14 — to do the same for another young man one day. What started as a quiet shopping trip turned into a(n) 15 moment for the 16-year-old. 1．A．Accompanied B．Funded C．Recognized D．Inspired 2．A．doubt B．passion C．regret D．pride 3．A．gifted B．lent C．owed D．returned 4．A．agent B．opportunity C．improvement D．invitation 5．A．identified B．encountered C．tricked D．stopped 6．A．attentively B．gratefully C．secretly D．sympathetically 7．A．repeated B．judged C．interrupted D．recalled 8．A．Yet B．Therefore C．Instead D．Besides 9．A．in silence B．for convenience C．by mistake D．without hesitation 10．A．amused B．amazed C．ashamed D．satisfied 11．A．check B．accept C．pay D．save 12．A．appreciated B．deserved C．meant D．made 13．A．comment B．generosity C．discovery D．success 14．A．resolution B．experience C．assessment D．explanation 15．A．record-breaking B．eye-catching C．hair-raising D．life-changing 【答案】 1．D 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．B 6．A 7．D 8．A 9．D 10．B 11．C 12．C 13．B 14．A 15．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了吉他新手埃文受陌生人赠送高价吉他的故事：受摇滚明星启发的埃文在父亲送吉他后爱上演奏，试琴时偶遇陌生人，对方竟慷慨赠送价值 1500 美元的吉他。这一善举让埃文决心未来传递温暖，此次经历也成为他人生的转折点。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：受到吉米·亨德里克斯（Jimi Hendrix）和齐柏林飞艇（Led Zeppelin）等摇滚明星的启发，埃文发现自己的热情在去年圣诞节生根发芽，当时他的父亲送给他一把电吉他。A. Accompanied陪伴；B. Funded资助；C. Recognized识别；D. Inspired激励。根据语境以及下文“by rock stars like Jimi Hendrix and Led Zeppelin”可知，埃文是受到像吉米·亨德里克斯和齐柏林飞艇这样的摇滚明星的激励才爱上吉他的。 故选D项。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：受到吉米·亨德里克斯（Jimi Hendrix）和齐柏林飞艇（Led Zeppelin）等摇滚明星的启发，埃文发现自己的热情在去年圣诞节生根发芽，当时他的父亲送给他一把电吉他。A. doubt怀疑；B. passion热情；C. regret后悔；D. pride自豪。根据上文“has already fallen in love with the instrument”可知，这里说埃文发现他对吉他的热情在去年圣诞节生根发芽。故选B项。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：受到吉米·亨德里克斯（Jimi Hendrix）和齐柏林飞艇（Led Zeppelin）等摇滚明星的启发，埃文发现自己的热情在去年圣诞节生根发芽，当时他的父亲送给他一把电吉他。A. gifted赠送；B. lent借；C. owed欠；D. returned归还。根据上下文内容以及“an electric guitar to him”可知，是他爸爸送给他一把电吉他。故选A项。 4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但在习惯了弹吉他两个月后，他想要改进一下。A. agent代理人；B. opportunity机会；C. improvement改进；D. invitation邀请。根据下文“While testing advanced guitars at a local shop, Evan____5____a stranger”提到测试高级吉他，可知他在习惯弹奏那把吉他两个月后，想要改进，想要一把更好的吉他。故选C项。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在当地一家商店测试高级吉他时，埃文遇到了一个陌生人，他似乎对他的演奏很感兴趣。A. identified识别；B. encountered遇到；C. tricked欺骗；D. stopped停止。根据下文“who seemed to take great interest in his playing”可知，在当地商店测试吉他时，埃文遇到了一个陌生人。故选B项。 6．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他聚精会神地听着我的演奏，说听起来不错。A. attentively专注地；B. gratefully感激地；C. secretly秘密地；D. sympathetically同情地。根据下文“said it sounded pretty good”可知，这个陌生人很专注地听他弹奏。故选A项。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我没多想，因为他后来就走了，埃文回忆道。A. repeated重复；B. judged判断；C. interrupted打断；D. recalled回忆。根据语境以及上文“I thought nothing of it because he then walked out”可知，这里是埃文在回忆当时发生的事情。故选D项。 8．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，就在片刻之后，那个人又回来了，手里拿着一个吉他盒。A. Yet然而；B. Therefore因此；C. Instead相反的是；D. Besides此外。根据上文“he then walked out”以及下文“that same man returned”可知，前面说那个人走出去了，后面说他又拿着吉他盒回来了，是转折关系，“yet”表示“然而”，符合逻辑。故选A项。 9．考查固定短语辨析。句意：埃文说：“他毫不犹豫地把它塞到我手里，说‘这是你的’。”A. in silence沉默地；B. for convenience为了方便；C. by mistake错误地；D. without hesitation毫不犹豫地。根据下文“saying ‘it’s yours’”可知，那个人毫不犹豫地把吉他塞到埃文手里，故选D项。 10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这让埃文和他的父亲加里·斯特林（Gary Sterling）感到惊讶。A. amused有趣的；B. amazed惊讶的；C. ashamed羞愧的；D. satisfied满意的。根据下文“I was just in disbelief”可知，一个陌生人送了一把价值不菲的吉他，这让埃文和他爸爸感到惊讶。故选B项。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我一直在等待，‘你所要做的就是支付这笔钱，’但这样的事情没有发生。A. check检查；B. accept接受；C. pay支付；D. save节省。根据语境以及下文“this amount of money”可知，他们等着那个人说让他们付多少钱。故选C项。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他离开时，店主说：“他是认真的。我以前见过他做这种事”。A. appreciated欣赏，感激；B. deserved值得；C. meant当真，说到做到；D. made制作。根据下文“I’ve seen him do such things before”可知，商店老板说他是认真的，他以前见过这个人做这样的事情，“mean it”表示“认真的，是当真的”。故选C项。 13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种出乎意料的慷慨深深打动了埃文。A. comment评论；B. generosity慷慨；C. discovery发现； D. success成功。根据上下文内容以及下文“touched Evan deeply”可知，陌生人送吉他这种慷慨的行为深深地触动了埃文。故选B项。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，埃文有了自己的决心——有朝一日为另一个年轻人做同样的事情。A. resolution决心；B. experience经历；C. assessment评估；D. explanation解释。根据下文“to do the same for another young man one day”可知，现在埃文有了自己的决心，有一天也要为另一个年轻人做同样的事情。故选A项。 15．考查形容词短语辨析。句意：对这个16岁的孩子来说，原本平静的购物之旅变成了改变人生的时刻。A. record-breaking破纪录的；B. eye-catching引人注目的；C. hair-raising令人毛骨悚然的；D. life-changing改变人生的。根据上文“to do the same for another young man one day”以及下文“moment for the 16-year-old”可知，一次安静的购物之旅变成了改变埃文一生的时刻。故选D项。 Passage 3 （24-25高二下·安徽培优联盟·期中） For most 12-year-olds, any free time after school is spent hanging out with friends, competing in sports, or playing video games. But Alejandro Buxton has another 1 each week: making all-natural candles that he 2 online and at a local mall. The idea was inspired by his mother, Patricia Buxton, who had to 3 many of the scented candles after realizing the chemicals within them were 4 her allergies (过敏反应), causing her frequent headaches. “My mom really loves candles,” he said. “It was hard to see that she was 5 .” So, at just 9 years old, Alejandro started experimenting with making his own, mixing 6 like soy and coconut wax (蜡) with essential oils. He 7 his first model after his favorite dinosaur, “Jurassic Orange” for its color and fragrance. His mother liked it very much, and the scent didn’t cause her head to 8 . Soon after, Alejandro began selling his products on his own 9 . Now, he is operating his 10 in a location as well. He opened a stand in D．C．’s Tysons Corner shopping center, making him the youngest 11 at the mall. Besides 12 fellow kids with his business spirit and talent, Alcjandro is also a (n) 13 role model for giving back and making a difference. He 14 some of his profits to a local charity. He said, “We can 15 the world by helping each other.” 1．A．pursuit B．burden C．assignment D．chore 2．A．consults B．sells C．lights D．shows 3．A．sort out B．burn away C．cut up D．give up 4．A．curing B．spreading C．removing D．worsening 5．A．sad B．desperate C．sleepy D．crazy 6．A．products B．ingredients C．foods D．elements 7．A．named B．prepared C．arranged D．advertised 8．A．shake B．nod C．ache D．bend 9．A．store B．website C．stand D．right 10．A．machine B．project C．business D．factory 11．A．inventor B．customer C．maker D．renter 12．A．inspiring B．providing C．presenting D．combining 13．A．honest B．positive C．wealthy D．generous 14．A．owes B．declares C．donates D．reports 15．A．conquer B．rule C．create D．change 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．D 4．D 5．A 6．B 7．A 8．C 9．B 10．C 11．D 12．A 13．B 14．C 15．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述12岁的Alejandro受母亲过敏启发制作天然蜡烛销售，还将利润捐给慈善机构，展现商业天赋与爱心。 1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但Alejandro Buxton每周还有另一个追求：制作全天然蜡烛，并在网上和当地商场销售。A. pursuit追求；B. burden负担；C. assignment任务；D. chore家务。根据下文“making all natural candles that he ____ online and at a local mall”以及语境可知，制作并销售蜡烛的行为是他主动追求。故选A项。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但Alejandro Buxton每周还有另一个追求：制作全天然蜡烛，并在网上和当地商场销售。A. consults咨询；B. sells销售；C. lights点燃；D. shows展示。根据下文“began selling his products”可知，此处指销售蜡烛，sell是原词复现。故选B项。 3．考查动词短语辨析。句意：这个想法源于他的母亲Patricia Buxton，她意识到蜡烛中的化学物质正在加重她的过敏反应，导致她频繁头痛后，不得不放弃许多香薰蜡烛。A. sort out分类；B. burn away燃烧；C. cut up切碎；D. give up放弃。根据下文“ her allergies (过敏反应), causing her frequent headaches”以及语境可知，因过敏反应严重，母亲不得不放弃使用香薰蜡烛。故选D项。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个想法源于他的母亲Patricia Buxton，她意识到蜡烛中的化学物质正在加重她的过敏反应，导致她频繁头痛后，不得不放弃许多香薰蜡烛。A. curing治愈；B. spreading传播；C. removing移除；D. worsening加重。根据下文“causing her frequent headaches”以及语境可知，这里指化学物质导致过敏反应加重，引发头痛，符合逻辑。故选D项。 5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“看到她难过很难受。”他说。A. sad难过的；B. desperate绝望的；C. sleepy困倦的；D. crazy疯狂的。根据上文“My mom really loves candles”以及语境可知，这里指母亲因不能使用喜爱的蜡烛而难过，符合语境。故选A项。 6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以，年仅9岁的Alejandro开始尝试自己制作（蜡烛），将大豆蜡、椰子蜡等原料与精油混合在一起。A. products产品；B. ingredients成分；C. foods食物；D. elements元素。根据下文“like soy and coconut wax (蜡) with essential oils”以及常识可知，大豆、椰子蜡和精油均为制作蜡烛的成分。故选B项。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他以自己最喜欢的恐龙“侏罗纪之橙”命名了第一个模型，因为它的颜色和香味。A. named命名；B. prepared准备；C. arranged安排；D. advertised宣传。根据下文“his first model after his favorite dinosaur ‘Jurassic Orange’”以及语境可知，这里考查name...after...，表示“以…… 命名”，符合文意。故选A项。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的母亲非常喜欢它，而且这种香味没有让她的头疼痛。A. shake摇晃；B. nod点头；C. ache疼痛；D. bend弯曲。根据上文“causing her frequent headaches”可知，此处指香味不会导致头痛，ache与head构成固定搭配。故选C项。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：不久之后，Alejandro开始在自己的网站上销售他的产品。A. store商店；B. website网站；C. stand摊位；D. right权利。根据上文“he ____ online and at a local mall”可知，这里指在网上销售，即在网站上销售。故选B项。 10.考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，他也在一个地方经营他的生意。A. machine机器；B. project项目；C. business生意；D. factory工厂。根据上文“Alejandro began selling his products”可知，销售产品属于生意，后文“business spirit”也是提示。故选C项。 11.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他在华盛顿特区的泰森角购物中心开了一个摊位，使他成为商场里最年轻的租户。A. inventor发明家；B. customer顾客；C. maker制造者；D. renter租户。根据上文“He opened a stand in D. C.’s Tysons Corner shopping center”以及语境可知，在商场经营摊位需租赁场地，故为租户。故选D项。 122．考查动词词义辨析。句意：除了用他的商业精神和天赋激励其他孩子外，Alejandro也是一个积极的榜样，他懂得回馈社会并做出改变。A. inspiring激励；B. providing提供；C. presenting展示；D. combining结合。根据下文“with his business spirit and talent”以及语境可知，这里指作为年轻创业者，他的行为激励其他孩子，符合语境。故选A项。 133．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：除了用他的商业精神和天赋激励其他孩子外，Alejandro也是一个积极的榜样，他懂得回馈社会并做出改变。A. honest诚实的；B. positive积极的；C. wealthy富有的；D. generous慷慨的。根据下文“giving back and making a difference”可知，回馈社会以及作贡献的行为体现他是积极的榜样。故选B项。 144．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他将部分利润捐赠给当地一家慈善机构。A. owes欠；B. declares宣布；C. donates捐赠；D. reports报告。根据下文“some of his profits to a local charity”以及语境可知，这里考查donate...to...，表示“捐赠给……”，符合“回馈社会”的语境。故选C项。 155．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他说：“我们可以通过互相帮助来改变世界。”A. conquer征服；B. rule统治；C. create创造；D. change改变。根据下文“helping each other”以及语境可知，帮助他人带来积极影响，即改变世界。故选D项。 Passage 4 （25-26高二下·安徽联考·期中） In most teachers’ eyes, Tom was a “troublemaker”. His workbooks were always 1 , and in class, he often passed notes to students sitting at the back. When teachers talked about him, they would show great 2 . Tom was used to that 3 . He tried to cause trouble on purpose because he assumed no one 4 him. However, something 5 when he was in Grade Eight. One morning, Ms. Su, a new teacher, asked everyone to read the text. When it was Tom’s 6 , the classroom became quiet immediately. Some students held back their laughter, 7 to see Tom make a fool of himself — everyone knew Tom could 8 know the 26 English letters. Tom hung his head and would not speak. Ms. Su didn’t 9 him. Instead, she pushed the textbook to him 10 , and said, “I’ll read it once, and you 11 me, okay?” Her voice was quiet and soft, free of teasing (取笑), just full of 12 . After 13 for a long time, Tom finally opened his mouth. He thought it sounded terrible, but to his surprise, Ms. Su nodded with a smile. At that moment, the tough shell was cracked open a little. Tom began to pay attention to his 14 . He would help classmates when they were in trouble and worked hard. Years later, Tom was admitted to his dream university and even became a volunteer to help those in need. He finally 15 that true kindness is like what Ms. Su did: breaking down prejudice (偏见) with gentleness and awakening courage with trust. 1．A．orderly B．unavoidable C．unfinished D．old 2．A．curiosity B．disappointment C．relief D．imbalance 3．A．reputation B．excuse C．award D．schedule 4．A．commented on B．gave up C．looked for D．cared about 5．A．changed B．returned C．failed D．continued 6．A．choice B．turn C．promise D．plan 7．A．regretting B．offering C．waiting D．fearing 8．A．skillfully B．possibly C．surely D．hardly 9．A．rush B．stop C．refuse D．guide 10．A．carelessly B．silently C．impatiently D．nervously 11．A．correct B．score C．help D．follow 12．A．encouragement B．pride C．confidence D．gratitude 13．A．comparing B．hesitating C．researching D．arguing 14．A．goal B．duty C．behavior D．ability 15．A．imagined B．expected C．explained D．understood 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．A 6．B 7．C 8．D 9．A 10．B 11．D 12．A 13．B 14．C 15．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了汤姆从“麻烦制造者”转变为积极向上的学生的过程，以及他最终领悟到真正的善良是用温柔打破偏见，用信任唤醒勇气的道理。 1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的作业本总是没做完，在课堂上，他还经常给坐在后排的同学传纸条。A. orderly有序的；B. unavoidable不可避免的；C. unfinished未完成的；D. old旧的。根据上文“In most teachers’ eyes, Tom was a “troublemaker”.”可知，在大多数老师眼中，汤姆是一个“麻烦制造者”，因此他的作业总是没做完。故选C。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：老师们谈起他时，总会表现出极大的失望。A. curiosity好奇心；B. disappointment失望；C. relief宽慰；D. imbalance不平衡。根据上文“In most teachers’ eyes, Tom was a “troublemaker”.”可知，汤姆是一个“麻烦制造者”，老师们对Tom的行为感到失望。故选B。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：汤姆已经习惯了这个名声。A. reputation名声；B. excuse借口；C. award奖励；D. schedule日程。根据上文“In most teachers’ eyes, Tom was a “troublemaker””以及“When teachers talked about him, they would show great ____.”可知，在大多数老师眼里，汤姆是个“麻烦制造者”，老师们谈论他时，会表现出极大的失望，由此可推测，汤姆习惯了这种负面的名声。故选A。 4．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他故意惹麻烦，因为他觉得没有人关心他。A. commented on评论；B. gave up放弃；C. looked for寻找；D. cared about关心。根据上文“He tried to cause trouble on purpose”以及下文汤姆的转变可知，汤姆认为没有人关心他，所以他故意制造麻烦。故选D。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，八年级的时候，事情发生了变化。A. changed改变；B. returned返回；C. failed失败；D. continued继续。根据下文“Tom began to pay attention to his ____. He would help classmates when they were in trouble and worked hard”可知，汤姆开始注意自己的行为，帮助有困难的同学，努力学习，因此事情发生了变化。故选A。 6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：轮到汤姆时，教室里立刻安静了下来。A. choice选择；B. turn轮流；C. promise承诺；D. plan计划。根据上文“One morning, Ms. Su, a new teacher, asked everyone to read the text.”可知，老师让每个人读课文，此处指轮到汤姆。故选B。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一些学生强忍着笑，等着看他出丑——大家都知道汤姆几乎不认识 26 个英文字母。A. regretting后悔；B. offering提供；C. waiting等待；D. fearing害怕。根据上文“Some students held back their laughter”以及下文“to see Tom make a fool of himself”可知，学生们等着看汤姆出丑。故选C。 8．考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. skillfully熟练地；B. possibly可能地；C. surely确定地；D. hardly几乎不。根据上文“to see Tom make a fool of himself”可知，一些学生等着看汤姆出丑，每个人都知道汤姆几乎不知道26个英文字母。故选D。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：苏老师没有催促他。A. rush催促；B. stop停止；C. refuse拒绝；D. guide引导。根据下文“Instead, she pushed the textbook to him ____”可知，Ms. Su没有催促他，而是默默地把课本推给他。故选A。 10．考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，她默默地把课本推到他面前，说：“我读一遍，你跟着我读，好吗？”A. carelessly粗心地；B. silently默默地；C. impatiently不耐烦地；D. nervously紧张地。根据下文“Her voice was quiet and soft”可知，她默默地把课本推到汤姆面前。故选B。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：相反，她默默地把课本推到他面前，说：“我读一遍，你跟着我读，好吗？”A. correct纠正；B. score评分；C. help帮助；D. follow跟随。根据上文“I’ll read it once”以及下文“Tom finally opened his mouth”可知，Ms. Su让汤姆跟着她读。故选D。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的声音轻柔，没有丝毫取笑，满是鼓励。A. encouragement鼓励；B. pride骄傲；C. confidence信心；D. gratitude感激。根据上文“Her voice was quiet and soft, free of teasing”以及下文“Ms. Su nodded with a smile”可知，Ms. Su的声音安静而柔和，没有取笑，微笑着点头，由此可推测，她的声音充满了鼓励。故选A。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：犹豫了很久之后，汤姆终于张开了嘴。A. comparing比较；B. hesitating犹豫；C. researching研究；D. arguing争论。根据下文“Tom finally opened his mouth.”可知，汤姆犹豫了很久，终于张开了嘴。故选B。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：汤姆开始注意自己的言行举止。A. goal目标；B. duty职责；C. behavior行为；D. ability能力。根据下文“He would help classmates when they were in trouble and worked hard.”可知，Tom开始注意自己的行为，并变得乐于助人、努力学习。故选C。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他终于明白，真正的善良就像苏老师所做的那样：用温柔打破偏见，用信任唤醒勇气。A. imagined想象；B. expected期待；C. explained解释；D. understood理解。根据下文“that true kindness is like what Ms. Su did: breaking down prejudice (偏见) with gentleness and awakening courage with trust.”可知，汤姆终于明白了真正的善良的含义。故选D。 Passage 5 （24-25高二下·安徽滁州·期中） On an ordinary day in 1955, three-year-old Levy suddenly developed a high fever. In panic, her parents 1 her to the hospital. The worst 2 was confirmed when they received the heartbreaking news — their beloved Levy had contracted polio, an incurable disease in that age. Levy 3 great pain in the hospital in the following months. Although she regained the ability to breathe 4 after treatment, she was left paralyzed from the neck down. Life got really hard, but when she reached the age of nine, a spark of 5 emerged. She was 6 to learn that she would have the opportunity to go to school. However, the reality was far from her 7 . She found herself in a separated room, 8 by a group of children in wheelchairs like her. Some of these children also faced 9 disabilities. They were not even permitted to have lunch in the school cafeteria, further 10 them from their peers. Despite these hardships, Levy remained 11 . Aiming to share her journey and 12 others, she established a communication consulting firm in 1982, 13 her unique experiences and insights. Levy also became an outstanding 14 for disability rights, speaking out firmly against the discrimination the disabled faced. All through Levy’s life, disability has never been an 15 to her growth. 1．A．ordered B．rushed C．dragged D．guided 2．A．fear B．depression C．confusion D．shame 3．A．witnessed B．endured C．brought D．released 4．A．slowly B．deeply C．heavily D．independently 5．A．hope B．sympathy C．life D．miracle 6．A．anxious B．calm C．shocked D．excited 7．A．description B．expectation C．preparation D．arrangement 8．A．struck B．exposed C．surrounded D．troubled 9．A．mental B．physical C．temporary D．mild 10．A．protecting B．identifying C．isolating D．discouraging 11．A．constant B．optimistic C．stubborn D．flexible 12．A．promote B．persuade C．inspire D．challenge 13．A．taking advantage of B．making up for C．looking forward to D．putting up with 14．A．companion B．assistant C．advocate D．contestant 15．A．approach B．experience C．achievement D．obstacle 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．B 4．D 5．A 6．D 7．B 8．C 9．B 10．C 11．B 12．C 13．A 14．C 15．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。1955年三岁的Levy患小儿麻痹症致颈部以下瘫痪，求学遭隔离仍乐观，1982年创办公司分享经历激励他人，还为残障权利发声，残疾从未阻碍其成长。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在极度恐慌中，她的父母急忙把她送进了医院。A. ordered命令；B. rushed急忙，把（某人或某物）迅速送往；C. dragged拖拉；D. guided指导。根据后文“her to hospital”可知，因为高热被急忙送往医院了。故选B。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：最令人恐惧的噩梦终于成真了：他们收到了令人悲痛的消息——他们心爱的莱维患上了小儿麻痹症，而在那个时代，这种病是无法治愈的。A. fear恐惧；B. depression沮丧；C. confusion困惑；D. shame羞愧。根据上文“In panic”以及后文提到得了小儿麻痹症，所以是最令人恐惧的噩梦终于成真了。故选A。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的几个月里，莱维在医院里一直承受着巨大的痛苦。A. witnessed目击；B. endured忍耐；C. brought带来；D. released释放。根据后文“great pain”指忍受巨大痛苦。故选B。 4．考查副词词义辨析。句意：尽管经过治疗后她重新获得了自主呼吸的能力，但她的下半身（从颈部以下）却瘫痪了。A. slowly缓慢地；B. deeply深地；C. heavily沉重地；D. independently独立地。根据后文“after treatment”可知，经过治疗她重新获得了自主呼吸的能力。故选D。 5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：生活变得异常艰难，但当她九岁的时候，一丝“希望”的火花终于出现了。A. hope希望；B. sympathy同情；C. life生活；D. miracle奇迹。根据后文“learn that she would have the opportunity to go to school”可知，有机会上学说明出现了希望的火花。故选A。 6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她非常激动地得知自己将有机会去上学。A. anxious焦虑的；B. calm平静的；C. shocked震惊的；D. excited激动的。根据后文“learn that she would have the opportunity to go to school”指有机会去上学，她很激动，故选D。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，实际情况却与她的预期大相径庭。A. description描述；B. expectation期待；C. preparation准备；D. arrangement安排。根据上文“the reality was far from her”指实际情况和期望的不同，故选B。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她发现自己置身于一间隔开的房间里，周围是一群和她一样坐在轮椅上的孩子。A. struck打击；B. exposed接触；C. surrounded围绕；D. troubled麻烦。根据后文“by a group of children in wheelchairs like her”可知，她被一群和她一样坐在轮椅上的孩子包围着。故选C。 9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些孩子中的一些还存在身体上的残疾问题。A. mental心理的；B. physical身体的；C. temporary暂时的；D. mild轻微的。根据上文“by a group of children in wheelchairs like her”可知坐轮椅的孩子中一些还存在身体上的残疾问题。故选B。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们甚至都不被允许在学校的食堂就餐，这进一步使他们与同龄人隔绝开来。A. protecting保护；B. identifying识别；C. isolating使隔离；D. discouraging使沮丧。根据上文“They were not even permitted to have lunch in the school cafeteria”可知，不允许在学校的食堂就餐进一步使他们与同龄人隔绝开来。故选C。 11．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管面临种种困难，莱维仍保持乐观。A. constant持续的；B. optimistic乐观的；C. stubborn固执的；D. flexible灵活的。根据上文“Despite these hardships”中despite表示转折，说明尽管面临种种困难，莱维仍保持乐观。故选B。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了分享自己的经历并激励他人，她在1982年成立了一家沟通咨询公司，充分利用了自己独特的经验和见解。A. promote促进；B. persuade说服；C. inspire鼓舞；D. challenge挑战。根据上文“Aiming to share her journey and”以及后文“speaking out firmly against the discrimination the disabled faced”可知，建立公司是为了分享经历并激励他人。故选C。 13．考查动词短语辨析。句意：为了分享自己的经历并激励他人，她在1982年成立了一家沟通咨询公司，充分利用了自己独特的经验和见解。A. taking advantage of利用；B. making up for弥补；C. looking forward to期待；D. putting up with忍受。由下文“her unique experiences and insights”可知，她成立了一家沟通咨询公司，能利用自己独特的经验和见解来激励他人，故选A。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：莱维还成为了残疾人权利的杰出倡导者，坚决反对残疾人所面临的歧视。A. companion伴侣；B. assistant助手；C. advocate倡导者；D. contestant参赛者。根据后文“for disability rights, speaking out firmly against the discrimination the disabled faced”可知，坚决反对残疾人所面临的歧视说明是残疾人权利的倡导者。故选C。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在莱维的一生中，残疾从未成为她成长的阻碍。A. approach方式；B. experience经历；C. achievement成就；D. obstacle障碍。根据上文“disability has never been an”可知，患有小儿麻痹症的残疾并没有成为她成长的阻碍。故选D。 Passage 6 （24-25高二下·安徽芜湖·期中） One gift I’ll always remember is a simple reminder of the good things in life from my daughter, Hannah. It happened when Hannah was ten years old. She hadn’t been feeling well for several days before things took a(n) 1 turn. She had a high fever and breathed 2 . My wife, Cathy, and I 3 her to the local hospital, where doctors quickly 4 that she was in a dangerous state. As doctors 5 to save her, I held her hand with tears, wondering if she would 6 . After what seemed to be centuries, she started to respond to the treatment. It was fortunate that Hannah recovered 7 . During her stay in the hospital, she 8 to look after herself to reduce our concern. Despite that, Cathy and I were caught in the 9 that our lives were never going to be the same as before. One day, Hannah 10 herself into her mother’s arms, crying, “I’m getting really 11 .” We looked at Cathy anxiously, completely at a loss. Then suddenly, Hannah said with a smile, “Just kidding!”, which broke the ice. We laughed long, which brightened our lives, after a week of 12 about her health. We wanted to make this moment of happiness 13 . Hannah 14 us that whatever difficulties, she was still our sweet and positive girl. That’s a 15 I’ll always treasure. 1．A．new B．alarming C．brief D．wrong 2．A．smoothly B．thoroughly C．heavily D．efficiently 3．A．contacted B．rushed C．deserted D．promoted 4．A．recommended B．described C．proposed D．determined 5．A．hesitate B．struggled C．intended D．competed 6．A．clear up B．get through C．calm down D．pass out 7．A．regularly B．dynamically C．quickly D．permanently 8．A．attempted B．appealed C．ensured D．refused 9．A．resolution B．reason C．fantasy D．recognition 10．A．took B．sent C．threw D．moved 11．A．sick B．energetic C．passive D．normal 12．A．tiredness B．anxiety C．depression D．disappointment 13．A．skip B．appear C．last D．function 14．A．reminded B．warned C．encouraged D．promised 15．A．reward B．memory C．factor D．gift 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．B 4．D 5．B 6．B 7．C 8．A 9．D 10．C 11．A 12．B 13．C 14．A 15．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者女儿汉娜生病住院的经历，期间汉娜的乐观表现给家人带来了快乐，她积极的态度成为作者永远珍视的礼物。 1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在情况出现令人担忧的转变之前，她已经不舒服好几天了。A. new新的；B. alarming令人担忧的；C. brief短暂的；D. wrong错误的。后文提到“She had a high fever and breathed 2 .”和“doctors quickly 4 that she was in a dangerous state”，说明汉娜病情加重，处于危险状态，这是一种令人担忧的情况。故选B项。 2．考查副词词义辨析。句意：她发高烧，呼吸沉重。A. smoothly顺利地；B. thoroughly彻底地；C. heavily沉重地；D. efficiently高效地。结合常识和前文“She had a high fever”可知，人在发高烧时呼吸往往会变得沉重。故选C项。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我和妻子凯西赶紧把她送到当地医院，在那里，医生很快确定她处于危险状态。A. contacted联系；B. rushed匆忙送(某人去某处)；C. deserted遗弃；D. promoted促进。前文“She had a high fever and breathed heavily 2 .”表明汉娜病情加重，结合后文“to the local hospital”可知，作者和妻子赶紧送她去医院。故选B项。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我和妻子凯西赶紧把她送到当地医院，在那里，医生很快确定她处于危险状态。A. recommended推荐；B. described描述；C. proposed提议；D. determined确定。根据后文“she was in a dangerous state”可知，医生基于她的病情进行诊断，并确定她处于危险状态。故选D项。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当医生们奋力抢救她时，我含着泪握着她的手，不知道她是否能挺过去。A. hesitate犹豫；B. struggled努力，奋力；C. intended打算；D. competed竞争。前文提到“she was in a dangerous state”，说明汉娜病情危急，医生需要奋力地进行抢救。故选B项。 6．考查动词短语辨析。句意：当医生们奋力抢救她时，我含着泪握着她的手，不知道她是否能挺过去。A. clear up清理；B. get through度过难关；C. calm down冷静下来；D. pass out昏倒。根据前文可知汉娜病情危险，结合“I held her hand with tears”可推知，在危急关头，作者担心女儿能否度过这次危机。故选B项。 7．考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，汉娜很快康复了。A. regularly有规律地；B. dynamically有活力地；C. quickly快速地；D. permanently永久地。根据前文“It was fortunate”可推知，汉娜很快康复了，所以是一件幸运的事。故选C项。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在住院期间，她试图照顾好自己，以减少我们的担忧。A. attempted试图；B. appealed呼吁；C. ensured确保；D. refused拒绝。后文提到“to reduce our concern”，说明汉娜为了不让家人担心，尝试着自己照顾自己。故选A项。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，我和凯西意识到我们的生活再也不会和以前一样了。A. resolution决心；B. reason原因；C. fantasy幻想；D. recognition认识，认知。前文描述了汉娜生病的危急情况，经历了这样的事情，作者和妻子认识到生活发生了改变。故选D项。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，汉娜扑进妈妈的怀里，哭着说：“我真的病得很厉害。”A. took带走；B. sent发送；C. threw猛冲，用力扔；D. moved移动。根据后文“into her mother’s arms”可知，汉娜扑进妈妈怀里；throw oneself into sb’s arms“投入某人的怀抱”。故选C项。 11．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一天，汉娜扑进妈妈的怀里，哭着说：“我真的病得很厉害。”A. sick生病的；B. energetic精力充沛的；C. passive被动的；D. normal正常的。根据前文“crying”可知，汉娜表现出悲伤，所以她说的是自己病得厉害。故选A项。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在为她的健康焦虑了一周之后，我们开怀大笑，这让我们的生活变得明亮起来。A. tiredness疲倦；B. anxiety焦虑；C. depression沮丧；D. disappointment失望。根据前文“During her stay in the hospital, she 8 to look after herself to reduce our concern.”可知，在医院期间，家人之前一直为她的健康感到担忧和焦虑。故选B项。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们希望这一刻的幸福能够持续下去。A. skip跳过；B. appear出现；C. last持续；D. function起作用。前文提到“We laughed long, which brightened our lives”，说明家人享受到了这一刻的幸福，结合常识，大家都希望这种幸福能持续。故选C项。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：汉娜提醒我们，无论遇到什么困难，她仍然是我们可爱又积极向上的女孩。A. reminded提醒；B. warned警告；C. encouraged鼓励；D. promised承诺。前文汉娜假装生病后又开玩笑，“Just kidding!”体现出她的乐观积极，这提醒了家人她积极的一面。故选A项。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：那是一份我会永远珍惜的礼物。A. reward奖励；B. memory记忆；C. factor因素；D. gift礼物。文章开头提到“One gift I’ll always remember”，这里呼应开头，说明汉娜的积极态度是作者珍视的礼物。故选D项。 主题02 人与自我——生活与学习 Passage 1 （24-25高二下·安徽联考·期中） While undergoing treatment, I returned to work. In the open environment of an office, there is usually little or no 1 , whether conversations are on the phone or in 2 . Everybody seems to know others’ 93 . One day, after a stress-filled phone conversation, I hung up the phone, put my head down on my desk and let out a deep, tearful 3 . My workmate, Joyce, rolled her chair over and 4 asked, “What’s going on?” I poured out everything: sick mom, out-of-control adult child, sick dog, daily treatments and my broken car. “Everything is 5 !” I said. I was so exhausted and hopeless. I felt like all this would never 6 . Joyce gave me a moment to 7 . She then told me about a time when she also had a (n) 8 time with a lot of things going on. I asked her how she had 9 to get through it. She held out an open hand and a (n) 10 fist (拳头), offering me words to live by in the moments of 11 : Inbox empty or inbox full? I got the 12 —The way you see things depends a great deal on where you look at them from. When I feel like life stuff just keeps piling on — whether it’s good, bad or just feels like too much to 13 — I recite those viewpoint-changing words. My inbox is 14 . I don’t know what an empty inbox looks like and I don’t want to know. 1．A．connection B．privacy C．conversation D．purpose 2．A．order B．peace C．person D．detail 3．A．business B．challenge C．interest D．responsibility 4．A．comment B．laugh C．speech D．sigh 5．A．anxiously B．angrily C．doubtfully D．fearlessly 6．A．impossible B．familiar C．awful D．unnecessary 7．A．exist B．matter C．end D．work 8．A．come alive B．run off C．wake up D．calm down 9．A．tough B．important C．different D．limited 10．A．promised B．managed C．happened D．hesitated 11．A．injured B．closed C．thin D．clean 12．A．regret B．pride C．success D．struggle 13．A．praise B．chance C．adventure D．message 14．A．explain B．share C．handle D．measure 15．A．empty B．full C．attractive D．messy 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．A 6．C 7．C 8．D 9．A 10．B 11．B 12．D 13．D 14．C 15．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍作者在工作中遭遇多重困境，同事用独特方式给予其启发的故事。 1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在开放的办公室环境中，无论是电话交谈还是当面交谈，通常几乎没有隐私可言。A. connection联系；B. privacy隐私；C. conversation对话；D. purpose目的。根据上文“In the open environment of an office”可知，办公室环境开放，结合常识可知，在这样的环境中人们的隐私容易暴露，几乎没有“隐私”。故选B项。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在开放的办公室环境中，无论是电话交谈还是当面交谈，通常几乎没有隐私可言。A. order命令；B. peace和平；C. person人；D. detail细节。根据上文的“whether conversations are on the phone or in”可知，此处将电话交谈和当面交谈进行对比，in person表示“当面”。故选C项。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个人似乎都知道别人的事情。A. business事情；B. challenge挑战；C. interest兴趣；D. responsibility责任。根据上文“In the open environment of an office, there is usually little or no ____1____ , whether conversations are on the phone or in ____2____ .”可知，办公室环境开放，没有隐私，所以大家似乎都知道别人的“事情”符合语境。故选A项。 4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一天，在一次充满压力的电话交谈后，我挂了电话，把头埋在桌子上，深深地、泪流满面地叹了口气。A. comment评论；B. laugh笑；C. speech演讲；D. sigh叹气。根据上文的“after a stress-filled phone conversation”以及下文的“I was so exhausted and hopeless”可知，作者压力大，感到疲惫又绝望，所以会“叹气”。故选D项。 5．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我的同事乔伊斯把椅子转过来，焦急地问：“怎么了？”A. anxiously焦急地；B. angrily生气地；C. doubtfully怀疑地；D. fearlessly无畏地。根据上文“One day, after a stress-filled phone conversation, I hung up the phone, put my head down on my desk and let out a deep, tearful ____4____ .”以及同事询问“What’s going on?”可知，同事看到作者状态不好，应是“焦急地”询问发生了什么事。故选A项。 6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“一切都糟透了！”我说。A. impossible不可能的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. awful糟糕的；D. unnecessary不必要的。根据上文“I poured out everything: sick mom, out-of-control adult child, sick dog, daily treatments and my broken car.”可知，生病的妈妈、失控的成年孩子、生病的狗、日常治疗以及坏了的汽车等一系列不好的事情，由此可知，作者觉得一切都很“糟糕”。故选C项。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我觉得这一切永远不会结束。A. exist存在；B. matter重要；C. end结束；D. work工作。根据上文“I poured out everything: sick mom, out-of-control adult child, sick dog, daily treatments and my broken car.”以及“I was so exhausted and hopeless”可知，作者倾诉了一堆糟糕的事情，感到疲惫绝望，由此可推断，作者觉得这些糟糕的事情永远不会“结束”符合语境。故选C项。 8．考查动词短语辨析。句意：乔伊斯给了我一会儿时间冷静下来。A. come alive活跃起来；B. run off逃跑；C. wake up醒来；D. calm down冷静下来。根据上文语境和上文的“I was so exhausted and hopeless. I felt like all this would never ____7____ .”和“gave me a moment”可知，作者情绪激动地倾诉自己的遭遇，感到绝望，所以乔伊斯先给作者时间“冷静下来”符合语境。故选D项。 9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后她给我讲了一次她也经历了一段艰难的时期，很多事情都在发生。A. tough艰难的；B. important重要的；C. different不同的；D. limited有限的。根据下文的“with a lot of things going on”可知，乔伊斯也经历过一段“艰难的”时期。故选A项。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我问她是如何设法度过那段时期的。A. promised承诺；B. managed设法；C. happened发生；D. hesitated犹豫。根据上文“She then told me about a time when she also had a (n) ____9____ time with a lot of things going on.”可知，乔伊斯也经历过艰难时期，结合下文的“to get through it”可知，作者问她是如何“设法”度过那段艰难时期的，manage to do sth. 表示“设法做成某事”。故选B项。 11．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她伸出一只张开的手和一只握紧的拳头，在我挣扎的时候给了我一些生活箴言：收件箱是空的还是满的？A. injured受伤的；B. closed关闭的，握紧的；C. thin瘦的；D. clean干净的。根据上文的“an open hand and”可知，此处与open hand（张开的手）形成对比，应是“握紧的”拳头，符合语境。故选B项。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她伸出一只张开的手和一只握紧的拳头，在我挣扎的时候给了我一些生活箴言：收件箱是空的还是满的？A. regret遗憾；B. pride骄傲；C. success成功；D. struggle挣扎。根据上文““Everything is ____6____!” I said. I was so exhausted and hopeless. I felt like all this would never ____7____ .”可知，作者倾诉自己遭遇的各种糟糕事情，感到绝望，由此可知，此时作者正处于“挣扎”之中。故选D项。 13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我明白了——你看待事物的方式在很大程度上取决于你从哪个角度去看。A. praise赞扬；B. chance机会；C. adventure冒险；D. message信息，启示。根据下文的“The way you see things depends a great deal on where you look at them from”可知，作者明白了乔伊斯通过动作和话语传达的“启示”。故选D项。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我觉得生活中的事情不断堆积——无论是好的、坏的，还是感觉太多难以处理的时候——我就会背诵那些改变观点的话。A. explain解释；B. share分享；C. handle处理；D. measure测量。根据上文的“When I feel like life stuff just keeps piling on”可知，生活中的事情不断堆积，结合下文的“I recite those viewpoint-changing words.”可知，作者就会背诵那些改变观点的话，由此可推断，此处指的是感觉太多难以“处理”的时候，符合语境。故选C项。 15．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的收件箱是满的。A. empty空的；B. full满的；C. attractive有吸引力的；D. messy凌乱的。根据下文“I don’t know what an empty inbox looks like and I don’t want to know”推知，作者自己的收件箱是“满的”符合语境。故选B项。 Passage 2 （24-25高二下·安徽培优联盟·期中） For 20 years, my life was “go, go, go”. As a mother and professor, I often found myself 1 emails from students while helping my children with their homework. I was 2 to arriving at office early, ready to 3 a long to-do list. My days were filled with various tasks. The fast 4 seemed like the only way to get through — until an experience abroad showed me a new 5 to research and life. In 2022, I got a 3-month opportunity to work at a university in Uruguay. I imagined the stay as a(n) 6 period of lab work, data collection, and countless scientific discoveries. However, when I arrived, I was 7 to learn that our work hours were limited to 8 a.m. to 3:30 p.m. We 8 our work with conversations about last evenings, followed later by tasks and a lunch break, which made me impatient. Yet my research progressed 9 . The slower rhythm 10 space for deeper thinking. I was learning the value of working with intention rather than 11 . This experience has 12 my days. I find myself more focused in the lab, and more present with my family. I’ve come to 13 productivity is not measured only by research papers. It is also 14 by rest, the relationships that give meaning to the work and the 15 with family. 1．A．answering B．drafting C．revising D．deleting 2．A．committed B．restricted C．addicted D．used 3．A．make B．update C．tackle D．submit 4．A．deal B．pace C．change D．decision 5．A．key B．approach C．contrast D．link 6．A．intense B．efficient C．fruitful D．stable 7．A．grateful B．relaxed C．surprised D．regretful 8．A．broke down B．wrapped up C．carried on D．kicked off 9．A．eventually B．suddenly C．randomly D．steadily 10．A．assigned B．left C．displayed D．saved 11．A．carelessness B．sadness C．urgency D．anxiety 12．A．reshaped B．replaced C．restored D．recharged 13．A．claim B．remember C．realize D．expect 14．A．supported B．affected C．judged D．ruled 15．A．discussion B．travel C．comfort D．presence 【答案】 1．A 2．D 3．C 4．B 5．B 6．A 7．C 8．D 9．D 10．B 11．C 12．A 13．C 14．C 15．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者曾忙于快节奏生活，经乌拉圭工作经历领悟慢节奏价值，重塑生活与工作态度的故事。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一名母亲和教授，我经常发现自己在帮孩子做作业时回复学生的邮件。A. answering回复；B. drafting起草；C. revising修改；D. deleting删除。根据上文“As a mother and professor”和下文“emails from students”可知，此处指回复学生的邮件，故选A。 2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我习惯了早到办公室，准备处理一长串待办事项。A. committed坚定的；B. restricted受限制的；C. addicted上瘾的；D. used习惯的。根据上文“For 20 years, my life was “go, go, go”. ”可知，作者已经习惯了早早到办公室处理事务，故选D。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我习惯了早到办公室，准备处理一长串待办事项。A. make制作；B. update更新；C. tackle处理；D. submit提交。根据下文“a long to-do list”可知，此处指处理待办事项，故选C。 4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：快节奏似乎是唯一的度过方式——直到一次海外经历让我看到了研究和生活的新方式。A. deal交易；B. pace节奏；C. change变化；D. decision决定。结合前文“For 20 years, my life was “go, go, go”.”可知，此处指快节奏，故选B。 5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：快节奏似乎是唯一的度过方式——直到一次海外经历让我看到了研究和生活的新方式。A. key关键；B. approach方式，方法；C. contrast对比；D. link联系。根据上文“until an experience abroad showed”可知，海外经历让作者发现了不同于快节奏的新方式，故选B。 6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我原以为这段停留会是一段紧张的实验室工作、数据收集和无数科学发现的时期。A. intense紧张的，密集的；B. efficient高效的；C. fruitful富有成效的；D. stable稳定的。结合作者此前快节奏的工作状态和上文“I imagined the stay”可知，她预想海外工作也会是紧张密集的，故选A。 7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，当我到达时，我惊讶地发现我们的工作时间被限制在早上8点到下午3点30分。A. grateful感激的；B. relaxed放松的；C. surprised惊讶的；D. regretful后悔的。作者预想工作会很紧张和下文“to learn that our work hours were limited to 8 a.m. to 3:30 p.m.”可知，作者对工作时间感到惊讶，故选C。 8．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们以谈论前一晚的事情开始工作，之后是任务和午休，这让我很不耐烦。A. broke down崩溃；B. wrapped up结束；C. carried on继续；D. kicked off开始。根据后文“followed later by tasks and a lunch break”可知，此处指工作的开始，故选D。 9．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而我的研究却稳步推进。A. eventually最终；B. suddenly突然；C. randomly随机地；D. steadily稳步地。根据上文“which made me impatient. Yet my research progressed”可知，虽然工作节奏慢，但研究却稳步推进，故选D。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：较慢的节奏留出了深度思考的空间。A. assigned分配；B. left留下，留出；C. displayed展示；D. saved节省。根据上文“The slower rhythm”可知，慢节奏留出时间和空间供深度思考，故选B。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我正在学会有目的工作的价值，而不是匆忙行事。A. carelessness粗心；B. sadness悲伤；C. urgency匆忙，紧迫感；D. anxiety焦虑。根据前文“For 20 years, my life was “go, go, go”.”可知，此处指摒弃匆忙，故选C。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这段经历重塑了我的生活。A. reshaped重塑；B. replaced取代；C. restored恢复；D. recharged充电。根据后文“I find myself more focused in the lab, and more present with my family.”可知，经历重塑了她的生活状态，故选A。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我开始意识到，生产力不仅仅是用研究论文来衡量的。A. claim声称；B. remember记得；C. realize意识到；D. expect期待。根据下文“productivity is not measured only by research papers.”可知，这是作者通过这次海外经历所意识到的，故选C。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它也通过休息、赋予工作意义的人际关系以及陪伴家人来衡量。A. supported支持；B. affected影响；C. judged评判，衡量；D. ruled统治。结合前文“productivity is not measured only by research papers”可知，此处指生产力也通过其他方面衡量，故选C。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它也通过休息、赋予工作意义的人际关系以及陪伴家人来衡量。A. discussion讨论；B. travel旅行；C. comfort安慰；D. presence陪伴。根据前文“more present with my family”可知，此处指陪伴家人，故选D。 Passage 3 （24-25高二下·安徽A10联盟·期中） At 72, writer Francis Chin decided to learn something new. After years in media and journalism, he wanted to stay active and relevant — rather than simply 1 . A former colleague once told him that data scientists were in high demand, and this 2 him to take a course in data science. Although he had 3 later in life before — earning a bachelor’s degree at 44 and a master’s at 51— online learning was a completely 4 experience for him. He also remembered 5 with math in school, and data science involved topics like statistics and logic. Still, he refused to let that 6 him. Whenever he found the lessons hard to follow, he asked questions 7 , something he believed came easier with 8 . Soon, he discovered that data science was not as 9 as it first seemed. Eventually, the subject began to 10 . As he learned more, Francis began to see how data science could be used to solve 11 problems. For one project, he researched how 12 learning might help reduce mistakes in breast cancer screening. Even if he never works as a data scientist, he feels 13 to have gained new skills in an important field. Now, Francis hopes to combine his 14 experience with what he has learned. He plans to write a free book about using tools like ChatGPT and other AI programs. To fellow 15 , he says: keep learning, stay curious, and never believe it is too late to grow. 1．A．return B．travel C．escape D．retire 2．A．allowed B．inspired C．promised D．pushed 3．A．studied B．trained C．worked D．experienced 4．A．fresh B．strange C．simple D．boring 5．A．dealing B．competing C．struggling D．arguing 6．A．guide B．stop C．test D．change 7．A．hesitantly B．nervously C．formally D．confidently 8．A．luck B．support C．age D．pressure 9．A．popular B．frightening C．beneficial D．amusing 10．A．make sense B．keep pace C．catch attention D．lose meaning 11．A．personal B．imaginary C．common D．real 12．A．human B．business C．machine D．language 13．A．curious B．astonished C．proud D．fortunate 14．A．writing B．acting C．teaching D．drawing 15．A．experts B．scientists C．engineers D．seniors 【答案】 1．D 2．B 3．A 4．A 5．C 6．B 7．D 8．C 9．B 10．A 11．D 12．C 13．C 14．A 15．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述的是72岁作家弗朗西斯·陈学习数据科学，坚持终身学习并鼓励同龄人成长的故事。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在媒体和新闻业工作多年后，他想保持活跃和紧跟时代——而不是简单地退休。A. return返回；B. travel旅行；C. escape逃跑；D. retire退休。根据前文“At 72, writer Francis Chin decided to learn something new.”和“After years in media and journalism, he wanted to stay active and relevant”可知，他不想退休养老。故选D项。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位前同事曾告诉他，数据科学家的需求量很大，这激励他去学习数据科学课程。A. allowed允许；B. inspired激励；C. promised承诺；D. pushed推动。根据前文“data scientists were in high demand”可知，这个信息激励他去学习数据科学课程。故选B项。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管他晚年也曾学习过——44岁获得学士学位，51岁获得硕士学位——但在线学习对他来说是一种全新的体验。A. studied学习；B. trained训练；C. worked工作；D. experienced经历。根据后文“earning a bachelor’s degree at 44 and a master’s at 51”可知，他晚年也曾学习。故选A项。 4．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. fresh全新的；B. strange奇怪的；C. simple简单的；D. boring无聊的。根据前文“Although”和“online learning was a completely”可知，在线学习是全新的体验。故选A项。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他还记得自己在学校时数学就很吃力，而数据科学涉及统计学和逻辑学等课题。A. dealing处理；B. competing竞争；C. struggling吃力；D. arguing争论。根据后文“data science involved topics like statistics and logic”可知，他以前数学就学得吃力。故选C项。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，他拒绝让这阻止自己。A. guide指导；B. stop阻止；C. test测试；D. change改变。根据前文“Still, he refused to let that”可知，他不让困难阻止自己。故选B项。 7．考查副词词义辨析。句意：每当他觉得课程难以理解时，他就自信地提问。A. hesitantly犹豫地；B. nervously紧张地；C. formally正式地；D. confidently自信地。根据前文“Still, he refused to let that ______ him.”可知，他会自信地提问。故选D项。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他认为随着年龄增长，提问会变得更容易。A. luck运气；B. support支持；C. age年龄；D. pressure压力。根据前文“At 72”和“later in life”可知，他认为年龄越大越敢问。故选C项。 9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：很快，他发现数据科学并不像最初看起来那么可怕。A. popular受欢迎的；B. frightening可怕的；C. beneficial有益的；D. amusing有趣的。根据前文“Whenever he found the lessons hard to follow, he asked questions ______,”可知，提问学习后，他发现数据科学没那么可怕。故选B项。 10．考查动词短语辨析。句意：最终，这门学科开始变得有意义。A. make sense有意义；B. keep pace跟上节奏；C. catch attention吸引注意力；D. lose meaning失去意义。根据前文“Soon, he discovered that data science was not as ______ as it first seemed.”可知，他开始学懂了，由此可知，此处指的是学科开始有意义。故选A项。 11．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着学得更多，弗朗西斯开始明白数据科学如何用来解决实际问题。A. personal个人的；B. imaginary想象的；C. common普通的；D. real实际的。根据后文“help reduce mistakes in breast cancer screening”可知，此处指的是解决实际问题。故选D项。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一个项目中，他研究了机器学习如何帮助减少乳腺癌筛查中的错误。A. human人类；B. business商业；C. machine机器；D. language语言。根据前文“data science”和“AI programs”可知，此处指的是机器学习。故选C项。 13．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：即使他从未从事过数据科学家的工作，他也为在一个重要领域获得新技能而感到自豪。A. curious好奇的；B. astonished惊讶的；C. proud自豪的；D. fortunate幸运的。根据前文“to have gained new skills in an important field”可知，他为获得一技之长而自豪。故选C项。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，弗朗西斯希望把自己的写作经验和所学知识结合起来。A. writing写作；B. acting表演；C. teaching教学；D. drawing绘画。根据前文“At 72, writer Francis Chin decided to learn something new.”可知，他是作家，有写作经验。故选A项。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他对同龄的老年人说：要不断学习，保持好奇心，永远不要相信成长为时已晚。A. experts专家；B. scientists科学家；C. engineers工程师；D. seniors老年人。根据前文“At 72”和他的年纪可知，是对同龄人说，所以此处指的是老年人。故选D项。 Passage 4 （24-25高二下·安徽马鞍山·期中） I came across an image of a distance runner with a caption (说明文字) that told readers to keep going at all costs. It 1 me of the sunk cost fallacy (谬论), a concept I researched in grad school after realizing I’d been so likely to suffer from it. In high school, I had 2 five universities. Soon I heard from four, and Southern Utah University was going to give me the best 3 . I paid them my $100 commitment fee. Two weeks later, the last school 4 an even better scholarship with full fees. And what did 17-year-old me do? I was still 5 to Southern Utah University due to the 6 $100 commitment fee. It seems obvious to me now that 7 schools, even if it meant admitting I’d “wasted” $100, was a better 8 decision. I’m not the only 9 . People will wear clothes they don’t like because they have paid money for them and stay in unhealthy 10 because they’ve been together for so long. That you’ve sunk time, effort, or money into something doesn’t mean you should 11 more. Our society loves to emphasize 12 to keep trying. But only you know the right path for you. Sometimes 13 is the hardest choice of all after all the hard work. You might 14 a path you’re on is no longer the right one or never was. That’s a(n) 15 realization. 1．A．warned B．convinced C．reminded D．informed 2．A．approved of B．applied to C．taken in D．put off 3．A．reward B．scholarship C．celebration D．property 4．A．offered B．consumed C．expected D．explored 5．A．exposed B．committed C．opposed D．made 6．A．initial B．precise C．minor D．apparent 7．A．attending B．skipping C．switching D．visiting 8．A．financial B．impressive C．physical D．striking 9．A．consumer B．civilian C．victim D．loser 10．A．competitions B．lifestyles C．states D．relationships 11．A．inspect B．invest C．possess D．pursue 12．A．permission B．curiosity C．determination D．expectation 13．A．breaking out B．walking away C．giving in D．passing down 14．A．realize B．doubt C．prove D．regret 15．A．amusing B．innovative C．delicate D．painful 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．B 4．A 5．B 6．A 7．C 8．A 9．C 10．D 11．B 12．C 13．B 14．A 15．D 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过作者本人因100美元定金而放弃更好奖学金的个人经历，以及人们因已投入成本而继续坚持不喜欢的衣服、不健康的关系等普遍现象，引出了对“沉没成本谬论”的讨论。文章最终指出，为已付出的成本继续追加投入并非明智，有时放弃才是最难但正确的选择，即使承认这一现实可能令人痛苦。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它让我想起了沉没成本谬论，这是我在研究生时期研究过的一个概念。A. warned警告；B. convinced使确信；C. reminded提醒，使想起；D. informed通知。根据上文“I came across an image...(我看到一张图片...)”以及后文提到这个概念是他研究生时期研究过的，可知这张图片“提醒”或“使他想起了”这个概念。固定搭配“remind sb. of sth.”意为“使某人想起某事”，符合语境。故选C。 2．考查动词短语辨析。句意：高中时，我申请了五所大学。A. approved of赞成；B. applied to申请；C. taken in吸收，欺骗；D. put off推迟。根据下文“Soon I heard from four”可知，作者“申请了”五所大学，其中收到四所大学的回复。故选B。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：很快我收到了四所大学的回复，南犹他大学将给我提供最好的奖学金。A. reward报酬；B. scholarship奖学金；C. celebration庆祝；D. property财产。根据下文“an even better scholarship with full fees(一个包含全部费用的更好的奖学金)”可知，此处南犹他大学提供的是“奖学金”。故选B。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：两周后，最后一所学校提供了一个包含全部费用的更好的奖学金。A. offered提供；B. consumed消耗；C. expected期望；D. explored探索。学校向学生“提供”奖学金，是固定搭配。且与上文的“give me the best scholarship”中的“give”同义复现。故选A。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：17岁的我做了什么？我仍然因为那100美元的定金而承诺去南犹他大学。A. exposed暴露；B. committed承诺，使承担义务；C. opposed反对；D. made制作。根据上文“I paid them my $100 commitment fee.(我付给了他们100美元的定金。)”可知，作者因已付定金而“承诺”去这所大学。固定搭配be committed to意为“致力于，承诺做某事”。故选B。 6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我仍然因为那最初的100美元定金而承诺去南犹他大学。A. initial最初的；B. precise精确的；C. minor次要的；D. apparent明显的。根据上文“I paid them my $100 commitment fee”可知，这笔100美元的费用是作者最早投入的成本，是“最初的”定金。且后文提到作者后来意识到即使“浪费”了这100美元，换学校也是更好的选择，进一步说明这是初始投入。故选A。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在看来，对我来说很明显，即使意味着承认我“浪费”了100美元，换学校也是一个更好的财务决定。A. attending参加；B. skipping跳过；C. switching转换，切换；D. visiting访问。根据下文“even if it meant admitting I’d “wasted” $100,”以及上文提到作者支付100美元定金承诺去南犹他大学可知，转学意味着浪费这100美元。故选C。 8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在看来，对我来说很明显，即使意味着承认我“浪费”了100美元，换学校也是一个更好的财务决定。A. financial财务的；B. impressive令人印象深刻的；C. physical身体的；D. striking显著的。上文“an even better scholarship with full fees”和“even if it meant admitting I’d “wasted” $100”可知，作者在比较两个选择的经济利益：一个是已付100美元定金，一个是获得全额奖学金的更好机会。因此，这是一个“财务”决定。故选A。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不是唯一的受害者。A. consumer消费者；B. civilian平民；C. victim受害者；D. loser失败者。上文“It seems obvious to me now that ___7___ schools, even if it meant admitting I’d “wasted” $100, was a better ___7___ decision.”讲述了作者自己因沉没成本而做出错误决定的个人经历，下文则列举了其他人（如穿不喜欢的衣服、维持不健康关系）类似的普遍行为。因此，作者说“我不是唯一的受害者”，意指很多人都受困于“沉没成本谬论”。故选C。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：人们会穿自己不喜欢的衣服，因为他们为之花了钱；也会停留在不健康的关系中，因为他们在一起这么久了。A. competitions竞争；B. lifestyles生活方式；C. states状态；D. relationships关系。由下文“because they've been together for so long”可知，这里指的是人际“关系”，符合沉没成本谬论在情感领域的体现。故选D。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：你已经在某件事上投入了时间、精力或金钱，并不意味着你应该投入更多。A. inspect检查；B. invest投资，投入；C. possess拥有；D. pursue追求。此句是全文核心观点句，直接解释“沉没成本谬论”：已付出成本不应成为继续“投入”更多（时间、金钱、精力）的理由。“invest more”与上文的“sunk time, effort, or money into something”形成对应。故选B。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的社会喜欢强调坚持尝试的决心。A. permission允许；B. curiosity好奇；C. determination决心；D. expectation期望。文章开头“I came across an image of a distance runner with a caption ( 说明文字 ) that told readers to keep going at all costs.”提到一张鼓励“不惜一切代价坚持下去”的跑步者图片，正是社会强调“坚持”文化的体现。因此，社会强调的是“坚持尝试的决心”。故选C。 13．考查动词短语辨析。句意：有时，在所有努力之后，离开才是最难的选择。A. breaking out爆发；B. walking away离开，放弃；C. giving in屈服；D. passing down传递。此处与上文“keep trying”社会强调的“坚持”形成对比，提出作者的相反观点：有时“离开”（即停止追加投入、放弃当前路径）才是最艰难但可能正确的选择。这正对应了克服“沉没成本谬论”需要做出的行动。故选B。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：你可能意识到你正在走的道路不再正确或从未正确过。A. realize意识到；B. doubt怀疑；C. prove证明；D. regret后悔。根据下文“a path you’re on is no longer the right one or never was.”可知，当你决定“离开”一条道路时，前提是你“意识到”这条道路不适合你。这里描述的是做出正确判断的认知过程。故选A。 15．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那是一个痛苦的领悟。A. amusing有趣的；B. innovative创新的；C. delicate精致的；D. painful痛苦的。根据全文基调，承认自己过去的投入是“沉没成本”、承认自己走错了路、需要放弃已付出努力的事物，这种“领悟”通常是艰难且“痛苦的”。文章最后一句是对这种普遍感受的总结。故选D。 主题01 人与社会——社会与文化 Passage 1 （24-25高二下·安徽滁州·期中） Kenny Lake School in Copper, Alaska, is small, with about 60 students from kindergarten to high school seniors. It’s even 1 in winter when some parents teach their children at home because of the long drives and 2 roads. Jennifer Hodges is a third, fourth and fifth-grade teacher. She says her three-grade class sits only at desks for 20 minutes a day. They do a lot of 3 learning, such as raising salmon from eggs and then 4 them to lakes. Salmon lay eggs in the fall, when many schools 5 . The fish stay with her students in the classroom for about six months before they are sent to lakes. Many of her students already have experience fishing salmon, which is a traditional 5 in Native Alaskan communities. “Though many of them grow up fishing salmon for food, few have 6 them as pets,” Hodges says. “During the months that the salmon are in the 8 , students like to sit by the tank to observe and 7 when they will hatch from the eggs based on the data they have 8 . To them, it’s not practicing math problems: it’s 9 the future.” Each year in May, she takes her students on the Salmon Field Trip to send the fish to the wild and never 10 them again. “But it’s not 11 . Instead, it’s the highlight of the year,” says Fisher, one of the students. “You get to say 12 to them. The best part is watching them hatch from eggs and 13 .” 1．A．colder B．smaller C．prettier D．faster 2．A．dry B．wide C．icy D．old 3．A．practical B．repeated C．boring D．quick 4．A．throwing B．referring C．kicking D．sending 5．A．start B．fail C．disappear D．end 6．A．gift B．dish C．holiday D．medicine 7．A．bought B．hugged C．raised D．cooked 8．A．lake B．community C．zoo D．classroom 9．A．care about B．figure out C．rely on D．account for 10．A．ignored B．valued C．received D．collected 11．A．predicting B．creating C．delaying D．missing 12．A．see B．love C．teach D．eat 13．A．important B．possible C．sad D．lawful 14．A．goodbye B．hello C．thanks D．sorry 15．A．die B．fly C．sing D．grow 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．A 6．B 7．C 8．D 9．B 10．D 11．A 12．A 13．C 14．A 15．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了位于Alaska州Copper市的Kenny Lake学校很小，从幼儿园到高三的学生只有大约60名，老师会带着学生们进行实践学习，比如养育大鲑鱼并放归，这让孩子们受益良多。 1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：冬天的时候，由于长途驾驶和结冰的道路，一些家长在家里教孩子，这就更小了。A. colder更冷；B. smaller更小；C. prettier更美；D. faster更快。根据后文“in winter when some parents teach their children at home”可知，学校本来学生不多，在冬天一些家长在家里教孩子，学生更少了，学校更小了。故选B项。 2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. dry干的；B. wide宽的；C. icy结冰的；D. old老的。根据前文“in winter”和后文“roads”可知，在冬天，道路结冰。故选C项。 3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们做了很多实践学习，比如从卵中饲养鲑鱼，然后把它们送回湖里。A. practical实际的，实践的；B. repeated反复的；C. boring无聊的；D. quick快的。根据后文“such as raising salmon from eggs and then 4 them to lakes”可知，学生在学校进行了很多实践学习。故选A项。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. throwing投掷；B. referring参考；C. kicking踢；D. sending送。根据后文“them to lakes”和第三段中“The fish stay with her students in the classroom for about six months before they are sent to lakes.”可知，学生饲养鲑鱼，然后把它们送回湖里。故选D项。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：鲑鱼在秋天产卵，那时许多学校开始上课。A. start开始；B. fail失败；C. disappear消失；D. end结束。根据后文“The fish stay with her students in the classroom for about six months before they are sent to lakes.”可知，鲑鱼在秋天产卵，那时许多学校开始上课，这些鱼和她的学生一起在教室里呆大约六个月。故选A项。 6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的许多学生都有钓鲑鱼的经验，这是Alaska土著社区的传统菜肴。A. gift礼物；B. dish菜肴；C. holiday假期；D. medicine药。根据前文“ Many of her students already have experience fishing salmon, which is a traditional”可知，鲑鱼是Alaska土著社区的传统菜肴。故选B项。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Hodges说：“虽然他们中的许多人是捕鲑鱼作为食物长大的，但很少有人把它们当宠物养。”A. bought买；B. hugged拥抱；C. raised饲养；D. cooked烹饪。根据后文“them as pets”可知，很少有人把鲑鱼当宠物养。故选C项。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在鲑鱼在教室里的几个月里，学生们喜欢坐在水箱旁观察，并根据他们收集的数据计算出它们何时会从卵中孵化出来。A. lake湖；B. community社区；C. zoo动物园；D. classroom教室。根据后文“students like to sit by the tank to observe”可知，鲑鱼被养在教室里。故选D项。 9．考查动词短语辨析。句意：同上。A. care about关心；B. figure out计算出；C. rely on依靠；D. account for说明。根据前文“students like to sit by the tank to observe”和后文“when they will hatch from the eggs based on the data”可知，学生们根据数据计算出鲑鱼何时会从卵中孵化出来。故选B项。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. ignored忽略；B. valued重视；C. received收到；D. collected收集。根据前文“when they will hatch from the eggs based on the data they have”可知，学生们根据收集的数据计算出鲑鱼何时会从卵中孵化出来。故选D项。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：对他们来说，这不是做数学题，而是预测未来。A. predicting预测；B. creating创造；C. delaying推迟；D. missing失去。根据前文“students like to sit by the tank to observe and 9 when they will hatch from the eggs based on the data they have 10 ”和后文“the future.”可知，学生们根据收集的数据计算出鲑鱼何时会从卵中孵化出来，这不是做数学题，而是预测未来。故选A项。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：每年5月，她都会带着学生进行鲑鱼实地考察，把这些鱼送到野外，再也见不到它们了。A. see见到；B. love爱；C. teach教；D. eat吃。根据前文“she takes her students on the Salmon Field Trip to send the fish to the wild”可知，Hodges带着学生进行鲑鱼实地考察，把这些鱼送到野外，再也见不到它们了。故选A项。 13．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“但这并不悲伤。相反，它是一年中最精彩的部分，”其中一名学生Fisher说。A. important重要的；B. possible可能的；C. sad伤心的；D. lawful合法的。根据上一段中“Each year in May, she takes her students on the Salmon Field Trip to send the fish to the wild and never 12 them again.”和后文“Instead, it’s the highlight of the year”可知，Fisher说，把鲑鱼送走，再也见不到他们，是一年中最精彩的部分，由此可知，这并不是件伤心的事。故选C项。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：你可以和他们说再见。A. goodbye再见；B. hello打招呼；C. thanks谢谢；D. sorry抱歉。根据上一段中“Each year in May, she takes her students on the Salmon Field Trip to send the fish to the wild and never 12 them again.”可知，鲑鱼被送到野外湖中，学生们跟他们说再见。故选A项。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最好的部分是看着它们从蛋里孵化出来并成长。A. die死；B. fly飞；C. sing唱；D. grow成长。根据第三段中“Salmon lay eggs in the fall, when many schools 5 . The fish stay with her students in the classroom for about six months before they are sent to lakes.”可知，Fisher说，看着鲑鱼从蛋里孵化出来并成长是最好的事。故选D项。 Passage 2 （24-25高二下·六安二中·期中） Reeves was a 7th grader in Michigan. He was honoured as a hero for preventing his school bus from 1 after the bus driver lost consciousness (知觉). On April 26, the bus driver was taking students home from Carter Middle School when she 2 to experience “some faint (昏厥)”. She tried to pull over but didn’t make it to where she planned to park and eventually 18 . The bus began to turn to oncoming traffic. That’s when Dillon Reeves 3 into action. Reeves, who was 4 about five rows back, “got up from his seat, threw his backpack down, ran to the front of the bus, 5 the steering wheel (方向盘) and brought the bus to a stop in the middle of the road...despite the reasonable 6 , ” Warren Consolidated Schools Superintendent Robert D．Livernois said. In a video released by the city government at the news meeting, Reeves is seen taking 7 of the steering wheel and then shouting to the other passengers, “Someone call 911. Now! ” The Warren Police and Fire Departments responded (回应) quickly to the scene to 8 to the driver and the students were loaded onto another bus to be 9 taken home. No injuries to the children on the bus were reported. Warren City Councilman Jonathan Lafferty is calling Reeves a hero. “The City of Warren is very 10 of our 7th Grade Hero Dillon Reeves! This young man reacted quickly when his school bus driver experienced a 11 emergency, bringing the bus to a stop and 12 what could have been a very severe accident. We all admire you for your heroic actions! ” he said. “Dillon, he’s really been a(n) 13 guy this year, ” his mother Ireta said. “To do something like this just 14 my heart and touches me. ” 1．A．crashing B．stopping C．slowing D．speeding 2．A．requested B．began C．struggled D．volunteered 3．A．fell apart B．gave up C．passed out D．came along 4．A．broke B．changed C．competed D．jumped 5．A．faced B．fixed C．tracked D．seated 6．A．set B．stole C．caught D．threw 7．A．curiosity B．fear C．strategy D．impression 8．A．control B．care C．advantage D．place 9．A．prefer B．attract C．attend D．addict 10．A．obviously B．safely C．calmly D．anxiously 11．A．sure B．tired C．proud D．nervous 12．A．awkward B．formal C．natural D．medical 13．A．applying B．recognizing C．avoiding D．challenging 14．A．great B．advanced C．adventurous D．suitable 15．A．frightens B．fills C．annoys D．injures 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．C 4．D 5．D 6．C 7．B 8．A 9．C 10．B 11．C 12．D 13．C 14．A 15．B 【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了初中生Reeves勇救失控校车的英雄事迹。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他因阻止校车在公交车司机失去知觉后撞车而被誉为英雄。A. crashing撞车；B. stopping停止；C. slowing减慢；D. speeding加速。根据下文“the bus driver lost consciousness”可知，司机失去了意识，校车会发生碰撞，所以此处表示Reeves阻止校车在司机失去知觉后发生撞车。故选A。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：4月26日，当校车司机送卡特中学的学生回家时，她开始“有点昏厥”。A. requested要求；B. began开始；C. struggled挣扎；D. volunteered自愿。根据下文“to experience “some faint””指司机开始感到身体不适，有些昏厥。故选B。 3．考查动词短语辨析。句意：她试图把车靠边，但没有到达她打算停车的地方，最后失去知觉。A. fell apart崩溃；B. gave up放弃；C. passed out失去知觉；D. came along出现。根据上文“She tried to pull over but didn’t make it to where she planned to park”可知，司机试图停车但没能到达她计划停车的地方，所以此处表示她最后失去知觉了。故选C。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在这时，Dillon Reeves立即行动起来。A. broke打破；B. changed改变；C. competed竞争；D. jumped跳跃。根据后文“into action”和“This young man reacted quickly”可知，司机失去知觉后，Reeves立即开始行动，为jump into action表示“立即行动”。故选D。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Reeves坐在后排大约五排，“他从座位上站起来，扔下背包，跑到公交车前面，抓住方向盘，把公交车停在路中间，尽管也有合情合理的害怕，”沃伦联合学校的负责人Robert D. Livernois说。A. faced面对；B. fixed修理；C. tracked跟踪；D. seated坐。根据下文“got up from his seat”可知，此处表示Reeves坐在大约五排座位后面。be seated表示“坐着”。故选D。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. set设置；B. stole偷；C. caught抓住；D. threw扔。根据下文“the steering wheel”可知，此处表示Reeves抓住方向盘。catch the steering wheel表示“抓住方向盘”。故选C。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. curiosity好奇心；B. fear恐惧；C. strategy策略；D. impression印象。根据前文“The bus began to turn to oncoming traffic.”可知，校车冲向迎面而来的车辆，让人恐惧。所以此处表示尽管有合情合理的恐惧。故选B。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在市政府新闻发布会上发布的一段视频中，可以看到Reeves控制方向盘，然后对其他乘客大喊：“打911。现在！”A. control控制；B. care关心；C. advantage优势；D. place地方。根据下文“of the steering wheel”可知，此处表示Reeves控制着方向盘。take control of表示“控制”。故选A。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：沃伦警察和消防部门迅速赶到现场照顾司机，学生们被转移到另一辆公交车上安全地送回家。A. prefer更喜欢；B. attract吸引；C. attend照顾；D. addict使上瘾。根据语境和下文“to the driver”可知，此处表示警察和消防部门迅速赶到现场照顾突然生病的司机。attend to表示“照顾”。故选C。 10．考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. obviously明显地；B. safely安全地；C. calmly冷静地；D. anxiously焦虑地。根据下文“taken home”和“No injuries to the children on the bus were reported.”可知，没有报道说车上的孩子受伤，所以此处表示学生们被安全地送回家。故选B。 11．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：沃伦市为我们的七年级英雄Dillon Reeves感到非常骄傲！A. sure确定的；B. tired疲倦的；C. proud自豪的，骄傲的；D. nervous紧张的。根据上文“calling Reeves a hero”可知，Reeves被称为英雄，所以此处表示沃伦市为Reeves感到骄傲。be proud of表示“为……感到骄傲”。故选C。 12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这位年轻人在校车司机遭遇医疗紧急情况时反应迅速，使公交车停下来，避免可能发生的严重事故。A. awkward尴尬的；B. formal正式的；C. natural自然的；D. medical医疗的。根据上文“the bus driver was taking students home from Carter Middle School when she ____ to experience “some faint””可知，此处表示司机遭遇了医疗紧急情况。故选D。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. applying申请；B. recognizing识别；C. avoiding避免；D. challenging挑战。根据下文“what could have been a very severe accident”可知，Reeves采取措施，避免了可能发生的严重事故。故选C。 14．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“Dillon今年真的是个表现很棒的小伙子，”他的母亲Ireta说。A. great很棒的；B. advanced高级的；C. adventurous爱冒险的；D. suitable合适的。根据上文“calling Reeves a hero”可知，Reeves被称为英雄，所以此处表示他今年表现很棒。故选A。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：做这样的事情让我的心充满了感动。A. frightens吓唬；B. fills充满；C. annoys使恼怒；D. injures伤害。根据上文“calling Reeves a hero”及下文“my heart and touches me”可知，Reeves被称为英雄，所以此处表示这样的事情让母亲的心充满了骄傲和感动。故选B。 Passage 3 （24-25高二下·合肥八中·期中） As a little kid, I was fascinated by the inner workings of every device in my family’s home. I would spend hours assembling (装配) radios, 1 and other household appliances, trying to figure out how they worked. Assembly is more like solving a 2 than a step-by-step process. Some 3 adults were amazed at this, but to me, a blind kid 4 the world, it felt perfectly natural. Blindness was a hands-on process. Decades later, when I studied at the University of California, I 5 familiar barriers because the campus lacked accessible lab equipment for the disabled — they didn’t 6 blind kids to study physics. 37 , I found blind tutors who taught me to 7 some of my own accessible equipment. This attempt ultimately paved the way for me to become an 8 inventor and scientist. My personal story sparked my 9 to create more tools to help people like me to navigate the scientific world. With this newfound mission, I started reaching out to others who shared my 41 . Ultimately, we founded a nonprofit organization dedicated to making science accessible to the blind. Today, our nonprofit organization 10 the gap for blind students, and the successful stories of our members 11 a testament to the power of perseverance and adaptability. Just as our society is learning to recognize and 12 racism, sexism, and other biases, we need to become more broadly capable of spotting and eliminating disability discrimination. Only then can we move toward a/an 13 world. 1．A．tables B．toys C．irons D．furniture 2．A．task B．challenge C．question D．puzzle 3．A．disabled B．curious C．sighted D．surprised 4．A．exploring B．connecting C．changing D．creating 5．A．overcame B．encountered C．avoided D．cleared 6．A．bother B．expect C．doubt D．expose 7．A．Naturally B．Gradually C．Fortunately D．Occasionally 8．A．build B．operate C．maintain D．assess 9．A．diligent B．modest C．exceptional D．realistic 10．A．ability B．drive C．target D．taste 11．A．sight B．imagination C．opinion D．vision 12．A．crosses B．bridges C．links D．fills 13．A．work out B．take up C．serve as D．prepare for 14．A．put off B．call out C．fight for D．turn out 15．A．shared B．extensive C．inclusive D．connected 【答案】 1．C 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．B 6．B 7．C 8．A 9．C 10．B 11．D 12．B 13．C 14．B 15．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者作为一名盲人，如何克服困难学习科学并致力于为盲人学生创造无障碍科学教育工具的个人经历和愿景。 1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我会花几个小时组装收音机、熨斗和其他家用电器，试图弄清楚它们的工作原理。A. tables桌子；B. toys玩具；C. irons熨斗；D. furniture家具。根据后文的“other household appliances”可知，这里列举的是家用电器，熨斗属于家用电器之一。故选C。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：组装更像是一个解谜过程，而不是一个按部就班的过程。A. task任务；B. challenge挑战；C. question问题；D. puzzle谜。根据前文的“solving”可知，组装过程需要解决的是像谜一样的问题。故选D。 3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一些视力正常的成年人对此感到惊讶，但对我来说，作为一个探索世界的盲人孩子，这感觉完全自然。A. disabled残疾的；B. curious好奇的；C. sighted视力正常的；D. surprised惊讶的。根据后文的“but to me, a blind kid”可知，这里对比的是视力正常的成年人和盲人孩子。故选C。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一些视力正常的成年人对此感到惊讶，但对我来说，作为一个探索世界的盲人孩子，这感觉完全自然。A. exploring探索；B. connecting连接；C. changing改变；D. creating创造。根据后文的“the world”可知，这里指的是盲人孩子通过组装电器来探索世界。故选A。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：几十年后，当我在加州大学学习时，我遇到了熟悉的障碍，因为校园里缺乏供残疾人使用的实验设备——他们没想到盲人孩子会学习物理。A. overcame克服；B. encountered遇到；C. avoided避免；D. cleared清除。根据后文的“familiar barriers”可知，作者在加州大学学习时遇到了障碍。故选B。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：几十年后，当我在加州大学学习时，我遇到了熟悉的障碍，因为校园里缺乏供残疾人使用的实验设备——他们没想到盲人孩子会学习物理。A. bother打扰；B. expect期待，预料；C. doubt怀疑；D. expose暴露。根据后文的“blind kids to be studying physics”可知，这里指的是学校没有预料到盲人孩子会学习物理。故选B。 7．考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，我找到了盲人导师，他们教我制作一些我自己能使用的设备。A. Naturally自然地；B. Gradually逐渐地；C. Fortunately幸运地；D. Occasionally偶尔地。根据后文的“I found blind tutors who taught me”可知，作者找到了盲人导师，这是一件幸运的事情。故选C。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，我找到了盲人导师，他们教我制作一些我自己能使用的设备。A. build建造，创建；B. operate操作；C. maintain维护；D. assess评估。根据后文的“some of my own accessible equipment”可知，导师教作者制作自己能使用的设备。故选A。 9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这次尝试最终为我成为一位杰出的发明家和科学家铺平了道路。A. diligent勤奋的；B. modest谦虚的；C. exceptional杰出的；D. realistic现实的。根据后文的“inventor and scientist”可知，这次尝试让作者成为了一位杰出的发明家和科学家。故选C。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的个人故事激发了我的动力，去创造更多的工具帮助像我这样的人探索科学世界。A. ability能力；B. drive动力；C. target目标；D. taste味道。根据后文的“to create more tools to help people like me”可知，作者的个人故事激发了他创造工具的动力。故选B。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：有了这个新发现的使命，我开始接触那些和我有着共同愿景的人。A. sight视力；B. imagination想象；C. opinion意见；D. vision愿景。根据后文的“founded a nonprofit organization dedicated to making science accessible to the blind”可知，作者开始接触那些和他有着共同愿景的人，即让科学对盲人来说更加可及。故选D。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：今天，我们的非营利组织为盲人学生弥合了差距，我们成员的成功故事证明了毅力和适应性的力量。A. crosses穿过；B. bridges架起桥梁，弥合，消除；C. links连接；D. fills填充。根据后文的“the gap for blind students”可知，非营利组织为盲人学生弥合了差距。故选B。 13．考查动词短语辨析。句意：今天，我们的非营利组织为盲人学生弥合了差距，我们成员的成功故事证明了毅力和适应性的力量。A. work out解决；B. take up占据；C. serve as充当；D. prepare for准备。根据后文的“a testament to the power of perseverance and adaptability”可知，这里指的是成员的成功故事充当了毅力和适应性力量的证明。故选C。 14．考查动词短语辨析。句意：正如我们的社会正在学习识别并指出种族主义、性别歧视和其他偏见一样，我们需要更广泛地识别并消除残疾歧视。A. put off推迟；B. call out大声说出，指出；C. fight for为……而战；D. turn out结果是。根据后文的“racism, sexism, and other biases”可知，这里指的是社会正在学习识别并指出这些偏见。故选B。 15．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：只有这样，我们才能走向一个包容的世界。A. shared共享的；B. extensive广泛的；C. inclusive包容的；D. connected连接的。根据前文的“we need to become more broadly capable of spotting and eliminating disability discrimination”可知，只有消除残疾歧视，我们才能走向一个包容的世界。故选C。 Passage 4 （24-25高二下·安徽宣城·期中） Rich Fortels got off to a pretty good start at the Greater Middlesex Conference high school swimming championships on Jan, 29 in New Jersey, winning the boys’ 100 freestyle in 46.73 seconds. Then he won the 100 backstroke in 51.30 seconds, setting a 1 . But there was one problem in the second race: Because Fortels’s school, Monroe High, doesn’t have a swimming team, Fortels wore a 2 bearing the name of his club team. Someone pointed out that wearing such a cap 3 the National Federation of State High School Association rule, and thus Fortels was 4 . Then Michael Spark of Metuchen High School, who finished second in the backstroke, was declared the champion. On Monday, however, Spark showed that he was worthy of the 5 : He traveled to Monroe High to 6 the first-place medal to Fortels. “You beat me 7 ,” Spark told Fortels. “You broke the record. You were the 8 winner. You deserve all the 9 . I want you to take this.” Fortels 10 it, politely stating, “I want to thank you, but I cannot accept the medal because it is not recognized.” The rival competitors then shook hands and exchanged cell phone numbers, 11 to stay in touch. They expected that they both can 12 in future games. Conference President Carl Buffalino called Spark’s act of sportsmanship “absolutely 13 ”! “Winning is great, but as educators, one of the core 14 that we are trying to teach our student-athletes is sportsmanship and doing the right thing,” Buffalino said. “Today, Spark is my hero, because he did what’s 15 .” 1．A．record B．standard C．goal D．task 2．A．T-shirt B．coat C．watch D．cap 3．A．reflects B．changes C．breaks D．follows 4．A．disorganized B．disqualified C．unprofessional D．uncooperative 5．A．chance B．attention C．title D．support 6．A．lend B．donate C．show D．present 7．A．secretly B．fairly C．seriously D．accidentally 8．A．famous B．special C．clear D．possible 9．A．recognition B．contribution C．invitation D．permission 10．A．handed B．declined C．returned D．ignored 11．A．promising B．pausing C．attempting D．choosing 12．A．chat B．pass C．score D．shine 13．A．necessary B．powerful C．incredible D．reasonable 14．A．purposes B．traditions C．rules D．values 15．A．right B．real C．fit D．simple 【答案】 1．A 2．D 3．C 4．B 5．C 6．D 7．B 8．C 9．A 10．B 11．A 12．D 13．C 14．D 15．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了游泳选手因违规被取消资格后，对手主动归还奖牌的体育精神故事。 1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后他以51.30秒的成绩赢得了100米仰泳比赛，创造了纪录。A. record纪录；B. standard标准；C. goal目标；D. task任务。根据上文“winning the boys’ 100 freestyle in 46. 73 seconds”以及下文“You broke the record.”可知，他在比赛中表现出色，打破了纪录，set a record为固定搭配，意为“创造纪录”。故选A。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但在第二场比赛中出现了一个问题：因为Fortels所在的学校门罗高中没有游泳队，所以Fortels戴了一顶印有他俱乐部名字的帽子。A. T-shirt T恤；B. coat外套；C. watch手表；D. cap帽子。根据上文“so Fortels wore a”和下文“Someone pointed out that wearing such a cap”可知，此处指Fortels戴了一顶印有他俱乐部名字的帽子。故选D。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有人指出，戴这样的帽子违反了国家高中体育联合会的规定，因此Fortels被取消了比赛资格。A. reflects反映；B. changes改变；C. breaks违反；D. follows遵循。根据下文“Then Michael Spark of Metuchen High School, who finished second in the backstroke, was declared the champion.”和“then Spark showed that he was worthy of the ____ : He traveled to Monroe High to 6 the first-place medal to Fortels.”可知，梅图臣高中的Michael Spark在仰泳比赛中获得第二名，被宣布为冠军。Spark表示他配得上这个头衔：他前往门罗高中，将第一名奖牌颁给了Fortels。所以，Fortels被取消了比赛资格，所以此处指戴这样的帽子违反了国家高中体育联合会的规定。故选C。 4．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. disorganized无组织的；B. disqualified取消资格的；C. unprofessional不专业的；D. uncooperative不合作的。根据下文“Then Michael Spark of Metuchen High School, who finished second in the backstroke, was declared the champion.”和“then Spark showed that he was worthy of the ____ : He traveled to Monroe High to 6 the first-place medal to Fortels.”可知，梅图臣高中的Michael Spark在仰泳比赛中获得第二名，被宣布为冠军。Spark表示他配得上这个头衔：他前往门罗高中，将第一名奖牌颁给了Fortels。所以此处指Fortels被取消了比赛资格。故选B。 5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，周一，Spark表示他配得上这个头衔：他前往门罗高中，将第一名奖牌颁给了Fortels。A. chance机会；B. attention注意；C. title头衔；D. support支持。根据下文“He traveled to Monroe High to ____ the first-place medal to Fortels.”可知，Spark将第一名奖牌给了Fortels，所以此处指Spark表示他配得上这个头衔。故选C。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. lend借出；B. donate捐赠；C. show展示；D. present颁发。根据下文“the first-place medal to Fortels”可知，此处指将第一名奖牌颁给了Fortels。故选D。 7．考查副词词义辨析。句意：“你公平地打败了我，”Spark告诉Fortels。A. secretly秘密地；B. fairly公平地；C. seriously严肃地；D. accidentally意外地。根据下文“You broke the record.”可知，Spark认为Fortels打破了纪录，是公平地打败了他。故选B。 8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你是当之无愧的赢家。A. famous著名的；B. special特别的；C. clear明确的；D. possible可能的。根据上文“You broke the record.”可知，Spark认为Fortels打破了纪录，是当之无愧的赢家。故选C。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：你应该得到所有的认可。A. recognition认可；B. contribution贡献；C. invitation邀请；D. permission允许。根据上文“You were the ____ winner.”可知，Spark认为Fortels是当之无愧的赢家，所以此处指Fortels应该得到所有的认可。故选A。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Fortels拒绝了，礼貌地说：“我想感谢你，但我不能接受奖牌，因为它不被认可。”A. handed递给；B. declined拒绝；C. returned返回；D. ignored忽视。根据下文“I want to thank you, but I cannot accept the medal because it is not recognized.”可知，Fortels拒绝了奖牌。故选B。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，这两位竞争对手握手并交换了手机号码，承诺保持联系。A. promising承诺；B. pausing暂停；C. attempting尝试；D. choosing选择。根据上文“The rival competitors then shook hands and exchanged cell phone numbers”可知，这两位竞争对手握手并交换了手机号码，所以此处指二人承诺保持联系。故选A。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们预计两人都能在未来的比赛中表现出色。A. chat聊天；B. pass通过；C. score得分；D. shine闪耀，表现出色。根据上文“They expected that they both can”以及下文“in future games”可知，他们希望在未来的比赛中都能有出色的表现。故选D。 13．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：会议主席Carl Buffalino称Spark的体育精神行为“绝对令人难以置信”！A. necessary必要的；B. powerful强大的；C. incredible难以置信的；D. reasonable合理的。根据上文“Spark’s act of sportsmanship”结合他把奖牌还给Fortels可知，会议主席Carl Buffalino认为Spark的体育精神行为“绝对令人难以置信”。故选C。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：获胜固然伟大，但作为教育工作者，我们试图向我们的学生运动员传授的核心价值观之一就是体育精神和做正确的事。A. purposes目的；B. traditions传统；C. rules规则；D. values价值观。根据下文“that we are trying to teach our student-athletes is sportsmanship and doing the right thing”可知，体育精神和做正确的事属于核心价值观的范畴，此处指体育精神和做正确的事是核心价值观之一。故选D。 15．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：今天，Spark是我的英雄，因为他做了正确的事。A. right正确的；B. real真实的；C. fit合适的；D. simple简单的。根据上文“that we are trying to teach our student-athletes is sportsmanship and doing the right thing,”Buffalino said. “Today, Spark is my hero, because he did what’s”可知，Spark的行为符合体育精神，是正确的事情。故选A。 Passage 5 （24-25高二下·安徽阜阳·期中） On Saturday, Juliet and Darcy were enjoying the sunshine at Furness Park when they noticed a man fall down on the sidewalk. They hurried to 1 the man. Darcy took a closer 2 . Then she observed his chest not going up and down, which meant he wasn’t 3 . The girls knew they needed to 4 help. While Darcy stayed with the 5 man, Juliet ran to nearby homes and began ringing doorbells, but no one 6 . Juliet continued to run for help. She finally found some men fixing a car and told them the 7 . The repairmen quickly 8 CPR (心肺复苏) on the unconscious (无意识的) man until doctors arrived and used a defibrillator (除颤器) to 9 his heart. Doctors said the man was in critical condition and should be 10 to the hospital. A doctor said, “The two girls took fast action, which is called ‘a chain of survival’, which can save the 11 of a patient in a dangerous situation.” “What they did was quite 12 ,” said another doctor. “They jumped into action to try to save a 13 , and they didn’t give up until that task was 14 .” But doctors didn’t get the girls’ names at that time, so they launched a(n) 15 to the public to find them. Finally, the two girls were found and praised for helping save a man’s life. “We just did what we should,” Darcy said. 1．A．recognize B．greet C．aid D．seize 2．A．walk B．try C．chat D．look 3．A．bleeding B．breathing C．starving D．choking 4．A．forbid B．choose C．quit D．seek 5．A．unconscious B．familiar C．awkward D．ragged 6．A．arrived B．agreed C．answered D．succeeded 7．A．consequence B．emergency C．concept D．incident 8．A．searched for B．put off C．carried out D．broke down 9．A．stop B．break C．protect D．restart 10．A．rushed B．admitted C．persuaded D．guided 11．A．reputation B．future C．life D．family 12．A．disappointing B．amazing C．annoying D．interesting 13．A．repairman B．neighbor. C．stranger D．relative 14．A．performed B．presented C．claimed D．completed 15．A．appeal B．comment C．poster D．award 【答案】 1．C 2．D 3．B 4．D 5．A 6．C 7．B 8．C 9．D 10．A 11．C 12．B 13．C 14．D 15．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Juliet和Darcy在公园救助一名心脏骤停男子的故事，展现了她们的快速反应和坚持精神。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们赶紧去帮助那个男人。A. recognize认出；B. greet问候；C. aid帮助；D. seize抓住。结合语境，再根据下文“Juliet continued to run for help.”可推知，此处指她们赶去帮助倒地的男子。故选C。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Darcy仔细地看了看。A. walk步行；B. try尝试；C. chat聊天；D. look查看。根据上文“Darcy took a closer”和下文“observed his chest”可推知，此处指Darcy仔细查看男子情况。故选D。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后她观察到他的胸部没有上下起伏，这意味着他没有呼吸了。A. bleeding流血；B. breathing呼吸；C. starving挨饿；D. choking窒息。根据上文“his chest not going up and down”可推知，此处指男子没有呼吸。故选B。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：女孩们知道他们需要寻求帮助。A. forbid禁止；B. choose选择；C. quit放弃；D. seek寻求。根据上文“needed to…help”可推知，她们需要“寻求”帮助。故选D。 5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Darcy待在昏迷的男人身边时，Juliet 跑到附近的家里，开始按门铃，但没有人回应。A. unconscious无意识的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. awkward尴尬的；D. ragged衣衫褴褛的。根据上文“his chest not going up and down”可推知，男子处于“无意识”的昏迷状态。故选A。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Darcy待在昏迷的男人身边时，Juliet跑到附近的家里，开始按门铃，但没有人回应。A. arrived到达；B. agreed同意；C. answered应答；D. succeeded成功。根据下文“Juliet continued to run for help.”可推知，无人应答，所以Juliet又去其他地方寻求帮助。故选C。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她终于找到了几个修车工，并告诉他们情况紧急。A. consequence后果；B. emergency紧急情况；C. concept概念；D. incident事件。结合语境，再根据下文“The repairmen quickly”可知，Juliet告知修车工“紧急情况”。故选B。 8．考查动词短语辨析。句意：修车工迅速对昏迷的男子进行了心肺复苏术，直到医生赶到并使用除颤器对他的心脏进行急救。A. searched for寻找；B. put off推迟；C. carried out执行，开展；D. broke down崩溃。根据下文“CPR on the unconscious man”可知，此处指修车工对男子进行心肺复苏。故选C。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：修车工迅速对昏迷的男子进行了心肺复苏术，直到医生赶到并使用除颤器对他的心脏进行急救。A. stop停止；B. break打破；C. protect保护；D. restart重启。根据上文“used a defibrillator to”可推知，此处指医生用除颤器“重启”心脏。故选D。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：医生表示，该男子情况危急，应尽快送往医院。A. rushed匆忙送医；B. admitted承认；C. persuaded劝说；D. guided引导。结合语境，再根据下文“to hospital”可推知，男子需被紧急送医。故选A。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一位医生说：“这两个女孩迅速采取了行动，这被称为‘生命链’，可以在危险的情况下挽救病人的生命。A. reputation声誉；B. future未来；C. life生命；D. family家庭。根据上文“save the”以及下文“of a patient in a dangerous situation”可推知，“生命链”（chain of survival）能挽救患者生命。故选C。 12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“他们所做的事情非常惊人，”另一位医生说。A. disappointing失望的；B. amazing惊人的；C. annoying恼人的；D. interesting有趣的。结合语境，再根据下文“They jumped into action to try to save”可推知，此处指医生赞扬她们的行为很了不起。故选B。 13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们迅速采取行动，试图拯救一个陌生人，直到任务完成，他们才放弃。A. repairman修理工；B. neighbor邻居；C. stranger陌生人；D. relative亲戚。根据文章第一段“Juliet and Darcy were enjoying sunshine at Furness Park when they noticed a man fall down on the sidewalk”可知，她们救助的是一名陌生人。故选C。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们迅速采取行动，试图拯救一个陌生人，直到任务完成，他们才放弃。A. performed执行；B. presented呈现；C. claimed声称；D. completed完成。根据上文“They jumped into action to try to save a stranger, and they didn’t give up until that task”可推知，医生指她们坚持到救人的任务完成。故选D。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但医生当时不知道这两个女孩的名字，所以他们发起公开呼吁寻找她们。A. appeal呼吁；B. comment评论；C. poster海报；D. award奖项。根据上文“doctors didn’t get the girls’ names at that time”以及下文“to the public to find them”可推知，此处指医生呼吁大众寻找她们。故选A。 主题02 人与自然——保护环境 Passage 1 （24-25高二下·芜湖一中·期中） Children’s interaction with nature refreshes their minds and bodies. Despite so many 1 children’s participation in outdoor play has been 2 . The kids are getting pushed towards screens. Former school psychologist Ernesto Rodriguez, 78 these behavioral patterns and believes children should develop a relationship with nature. So through his 3 , he’s attempting to get children to enjoy the beauty of nature. In his 4 as a school psychologist, Rodriguez has seen many classrooms without windows. He dislikes the arrangement, especially after 5 his job to be a park ranger (护林员). Being within nature, he came to realize that looking outside is 6 . So he was determined to 7 nature to the classrooms — he printed the landscapes he’d captured on curtains, and then fixed them on 8 . Rodriguez’s landscapes mostly 9 tree canopies (树冠层) and when children look up at the ceiling, they feel like they’re sitting under a tree. 10 , he includes all the elements science has proven to reduce anxiety, from warm tones to 11 colors. Till now, he has made canopies in ten schools. Student Octavio appreciated the change, “It’s 12 to see the trees in the classroom.” The teacher, Logan Earnest, believes the canopies will increase children’s 13 in the classroom. “I think kids will come in here more frequently,” he said. Meanwhile, Rodriguez advises people not to just experience nature indoors, but to 14 and enjoy it. 1．A．qualities B．contrasts C．benefits D．barriers 2．A．reduced B．inspired C．denied D．allowed 3．A．boosts B．abandons C．urges D．opposes 4．A．efforts B．protests C．spirits D．strengths 5．A．expectation B．motivation C．experience D．passion 6．A．losing B．keeping C．disturbing D．changing 7．A．normal B．important C．convenient D．useless 8．A．bring B．abuse C．submit D．return 9．A．walls B．floors C．ceilings D．blackboards 10．A．avoid B．feature C．shade D．reflect 11．A．Artificially B．Leisurely C．Apparently D．Additionally 12．A．peaceful B．solid C．domestic D．universal 13．A．annoying B．greedy C．amazing D．natural 14．A．patent B．identity C．possession D．interest 15．A．break in B．step out C．carry on D．beat down 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．D 4．A 5．C 6．D 7．B 8．A 9．C 10．B 11．D 12．A 13．C 14．D 15．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Ernesto Rodriguez为让孩子接触自然所做的努力。 1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管有这么多好处，孩子们参与户外玩耍的机会却减少了。A. qualities品质；B. contrasts对比；C. benefits好处；D. barriers障碍。根据前文“Children’s interaction with nature refreshes their minds and bodies.”可知，孩子与自然接触有很多好处。故选C。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管儿童参与户外活动有如此多的好处，但他们的参与度却在减少。A. reduced减少；B. inspired激励；C. denied否认；D. allowed允许。根据后文“The kids are getting pushed towards screens.”可知，孩子们更多被推向屏幕，所以参与户外玩耍的机会减少了。故选A。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：前学校心理学家Ernesto Rodriguez反对这些行为模式，并认为孩子们应该与自然建立关系。A. boosts增强；B. abandons抛弃；C. urges催促；D. opposes反对。根据后文“believes children should develop a relationship with nature”可知，Ernesto Rodriguez认为孩子应与自然建立关系，所以是反对孩子总接触屏幕不接触自然这种行为模式。故选D。 4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，通过他的努力，他试图让孩子们享受大自然的美丽。A. efforts努力；B. protests抗议；C. spirits精神；D. strengths力量。根据后文“he’s attempting to get children to enjoy the beauty of nature”可知，Ernesto Rodriguez正在付出努力以实现让孩子们享受大自然美丽的目标。故选A。 5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在作为一名学校心理学家的经历中，Rodriguez见过许多没有窗户的教室。A. expectation期待；B. motivation动机；C. experience经历；D. passion激情。根据后文“as a school psychologist, Rodriguez has seen many classrooms without windows”可知，这是Rodriguez作为学校心理学家时的一段经历。故选C。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他不喜欢这种安排，尤其是在换了工作成为公园护林员之后。A. losing失去；B. keeping保持；C. disturbing打扰；D. changing改变。根据后文“his job to be a park ranger”可知，Rodriguez换了工作。故选D。 7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：身处大自然中，他意识到向外看很重要。A. normal正常的；B. important重要的；C. convenient方便的；D. useless无用的。根据后文“So he was determined to bring nature to the classrooms”可知，Rodriguez决心把自然带到教室里，说明他认为向外看很重要。故选B。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以他决心把自然带到教室里——他把自己拍摄的风景印在窗帘上，然后固定在天花板上。A. bring带来；B. abuse滥用；C. submit提交；D. return返回。根据后文“nature to the classrooms — he printed the landscapes he’d captured on curtains”可知，Rodriguez把自然带到了教室里。故选A。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以他决心把自然带到教室里——他把自己拍摄的风景印在窗帘上，然后固定在天花板上。A. walls墙；B. floors地板；C. ceilings天花板；D. blackboards黑板。根据后文“when children look up at the ceiling”可知，风景被固定在了天花板上。故选C。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Rodriguez的风景画大多以树冠为特色，当孩子们抬头看天花板时，他们觉得自己坐在树下。 A. avoid避免；B. feature以……为特色；C. shade遮蔽；D. reflect反映。根据后文“tree canopies and when children look up at the ceiling, they feel like they’re sitting under a tree”可知，Rodriguez印在窗帘上的风景大多有树冠层这个特色。故选B。 11．考查副词词义辨析。句意：此外，他还包含了所有被科学证明可以减少焦虑的元素，从温暖的色调到平静的颜色。A. Artificially人为地；B. Leisurely悠闲地；C. Apparently显然地；D. Additionally此外。根据后文“he includes all the elements science has proven to reduce anxiety”可知，除了树冠之外，Rodriguez还包含了其他元素，与前文是递进关系。此处应选“此外”。故选D。 12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：此外，他还包含了所有被科学证明可以减少焦虑的元素，从温暖的色调到平静的颜色。A. peaceful平静的；B. solid坚实的；C. domestic国内的；D. universal普遍的。根据上文“he includes all the elements science has proven to reduce anxiety”可知，包含的是能减少焦虑的元素，如宁静的颜色。故选A。 13．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：学生Octavio很欣赏这一变化，他说：“在教室里看到树真是太棒了。”A. annoying讨厌的；B. greedy贪婪的；C. amazing令人惊叹的；D. natural自然的。根据上文“Student Octavio appreciated the change”可知，学生Octavio很欣赏这一变化，觉得在教室看到树是令人惊奇的。故选C。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：老师Logan Earnest认为这些树冠会增加孩子们在课堂上的兴趣。A. patent专利；B. identity身份；C. possession财产；D. interest兴趣。根据后文“I think kids will come in here more frequently”可知，Logan Earnest认为这些树冠会增加孩子们在课堂上的兴趣。故选D。 15．考查动词短语辨析。句意：与此同时，Rodriguez建议人们不要只是在室内体验自然，而是要走出去享受它。A. break in闯入；B. step out走出去；C. carry on继续；D. beat down击败。根据后文“and enjoy it”可知，Rodriguez建议人们走出去享受自然。故选B。 Passage 2 （24-25高二下·安徽黄山·期中） Natalie and Callie, both 13 years old, started raising monarch butterflies for fun in 2020. But after realizing the monarchs were an endangered species, their 1 soon turned into a serious mission. They learned that the population of monarch butterflies had 2 since the early 1990s, due to habitat 3 and widespread use of chemicals, which made the milkweeds (马利筋草), the monarchs 4 for their main diet, dangerous to eat. So the girls teamed up with a national nonprofit group to plant a native garden 5 for the monarchs. The garden grew organic milkweeds that 6 and kept the butterflies. To help 7 the locals sustain the monarch population, they created an exhibition about the monarchs in the local library. They also wanted to put up an educational sign in town, but it 8 a lot. To cover the expense, they set up a stand at the Farmers Market to sell their 9 milkweeds for people to plant. Although the fundraising days were 10 , they finally succeeded in earning enough money with their hard work and people’s support. The team has won the Silver Award for their 11 of taking care of butterflies, but they are not 102 with their work. “Our next step is to cut down on the use of 12 to guarantee a safe environment for the monarchs,” said Natalie. In the award ceremony, their teacher Brian 13 , “I am so proud of them for their constant 14 .” 1．A．dream B．hobby C．career D．decision 2．A．doubled B．aged C．declined D．exploded 3．A．management B．assessment C．selection D．destruction 4．A．relied on B．kept off C．broke down D．gave away 5．A．partly B．secretly C．rarely D．specially 6．A．attracted B．protected C．monitored D．trapped 7．A．employ B．educate C．force D．limit 8．A．meant B．cost C．changed D．hurt 9．A．dry B．medical C．healthy D．wild 10．A．pleasing B．light C．long D．disappointing 11．A．project B．concept C．schedule D．assignment 12．A．concerned B．connected C．finished D．occupied 13．A．chemicals B．time C．funds D．energy 14．A．quoted B．continued C．replied D．commented 15．A．donations B．support C．patience D．efforts 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．D 6．A 7．B 8．B 9．C 10．C 11．A 12．C 13．A 14．D 15．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了两个13岁的女孩娜塔莉和卡莉从养帝王蝶的爱好到致力于保护帝王蝶的故事，她们的项目最终获奖且受到好评。 1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但在意识到帝王蝶是濒危物种后，她们的爱好很快就变成了一项严肃的任务。A. dream梦想；B. hobby业余爱好；C. career事业；D. decision决定。由上文的“Natalie and Callie, both 13 years old, started raising monarch butterflies for fun in 2020. (娜塔莉和卡莉都是13岁，2020年开始养帝王蝶)”和下文的“turned into a serious mission”可知，娜塔莉和卡莉开始养帝王蝶是一种爱好，但因帝王蝶濒危现状，她们的爱好很快就变成了一项严肃的保护任务。故选B项。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她们了解到，自20世纪90年代初以来，由于栖息地的破坏和化学物质的广泛使用，帝王蝶的数量已经下降，这使得帝王蝶所依赖的主要食物马利筋草吃起来很危险。A. doubled（使）加倍；B. aged变老；C. declined减少、下降；D. exploded爆炸。由上文的“the monarchs were an endangered species (帝王蝶是濒危物种)”和下文的“widespread use of chemicals”“their main diet dangerous to eat”可知，帝王蝶遭受化学物质的伤害，吃的食物有害，已经濒危，数量应该是减少的。故选C项。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她们了解到，自20世纪90年代初以来，由于栖息地的破坏和化学物质的广泛使用，帝王蝶的数量已经下降，这使得帝王蝶所依赖的主要食物马利筋草吃起来很危险。A. management管理；B. assessment评估；C. selection选择；D. destruction摧毁。由上文的“the monarchs were an endangered species (帝王蝶是濒危物种)”，“the population of monarch butterflies had ___2___ since the early 1990s”和下文的“guarantee a safe environment for the monarchs (保证帝王蝶的安全环境)”可知，该空讲述帝王蝶数量减少的原因，根据下文讲要保护帝王蝶栖息地，可得出帝王蝶栖息地遭到破坏是其原因之一。故选D项。 4．考查动词短语辨析。句意：她们了解到，自20世纪90年代初以来，由于栖息地的破坏和化学物质的广泛使用，帝王蝶的数量已经下降，这使得帝王蝶所依赖的主要食物马利筋草吃起来很危险。A. relied on依靠；B. kept off（使）让开；C. broke down出故障；D. gave away捐赠。由本句的“the milkweeds (马利筋草) the monarchs ___4___for their main diet”可知，该空定语从句谓语，修饰先行词the milkweeds (马利筋草)，此处指帝王蝶所依赖的主要食物是马利筋草。故选A项。 5．考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，女孩们与一个全国性的非营利组织合作，专门为帝王蝶种植了一个本土花园。A. partly部分地；B. secretly秘密地；C. rarely很少地；D. specially尤其、专门地。由下文的“The garden grew organic milkweeds (花园里生长着有机的马利筋草)”可知，这个本土花园种植着帝王蝶的主要食物马利筋草，可得出是专门为帝王蝶种植的本土花园。故选D项。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：花园里生长着有机的马利筋草，吸引并留住了蝴蝶。A. attracted吸引；B. protected保护；C. monitored监视；D. trapped使落入险境。由上文的“The garden grew organic milkweeds”可知，这个本土花园种植着帝王蝶的主要食物马利筋草，这会吸引帝王蝶。故选A项。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了帮助教育当地人维持帝王蝶数量，她们在当地图书馆举办了一场关于帝王蝶的展览。A. employ雇佣；B. educate教育；C. force迫使；D. limit限制。由下文的“they created an exhibition about the monarchs in the local library”可知，她们举办关于帝王蝶展览的目的是教育当地人保护帝王蝶，呼应下文的“They also wanted to put up an educational sign in town (她们还想在镇上张贴一个教育标志)”。故选B项。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她们还想在镇上张贴一个教育标志，但花费很大。A. meant意味着；B. cost花费；C. changed改变；D. hurt伤害。呼应下文的“To cover the expense (为了支付费用)”和“the fundraising days (筹款的日子)”讲因花费很大而筹款一事。故选B项。 9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：为了支付费用，她们在农贸市场设立了一个摊位，出售健康的马利筋草供人们种植。A. dry干燥的；B. medical医学的；C. healthy健康的；D. wild野外的。由本句的“sell their ___9___ milkweeds for people to plant”和常识可知，卖给人种的马利筋草应该是健康的。故选C项。 10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然筹款的日子很长，但在她们的努力和人们的支持下，她们终于成功地赚到了足够的钱。A. pleasing令人愉悦的；B. light明亮的；C. long漫长的；D. disappointing令人失望的。由下文的“they finally succeeded in earning enough money with their hard work”可知，她们努力赚到了足够的钱，可得出筹款的日子应该很长。故选C项。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：该团队因其照顾帝王蝶的项目获得了银奖，但她们的工作尚未完成。A. project项目；B. concept概念；C. schedule计划；D. assignment任务。呼应上文的“So the girls teamed up with a national nonprofit group to plant a native garden ___5___ for the monarchs. (因此，女孩们与一个全国性的非营利组织合作，专门为帝王蝶种植了一个本土花园)”讲两个女孩为保护帝王蝶所做的项目。故选A项。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：该团队因其照顾帝王蝶的项目获得了银奖，但她们的工作尚未完成。A. concerned担忧；B. connected连接；C. finished完成；D. occupied占据。由下文的“Our next step is to cut down on the use of___13___ to guarantee a safe environment for the monarchs (我们的下一步是减少___13___的使用，以保证帝王蝶的安全环境)”可知，她们还有保护帝王蝶的下一步计划，说明她们保护帝王蝶的工作尚未完成。故选C项。 13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：娜塔莉说：“我们的下一步是减少化学品的使用，以保证帝王蝶的安全环境。”A. chemicals化学制品；B. time时间；C. funds基金；D. energy精力。由上文的“widespread use of chemicals (化学物质的广泛使用)”和“their main diet dangerous to eat (主要食物吃起来很危险)”可知，因化学物质的广泛使用帝王蝶的生存环境不安全，所以要减少化学品的使用，以保证帝王蝶拥有安全的环境。故选A项。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在颁奖典礼上，她们的老师布莱恩评论道：“我为她们不断的努力感到骄傲。”A. quoted引用；B. continued继续；C. replied依靠；D. commented评论。由下文的“I am so proud of them (我为她们感到骄傲)”可知，这是老师布莱恩评论的话语。故选D项。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在颁奖典礼上，她们的老师布莱恩评论道：“我为她们不断的努力感到骄傲。”A. donations捐赠；B. support支持；C. patience耐心；D. efforts努力。由上文语境可知，二人为了保护帝王蝶不仅给帝王蝶种食物，做保护帝王蝶的宣传活动，还赚钱来实现目标，可得出老师为她们不断的努力感到骄傲。故选D项。 主题03 人与自我——生活与学习 Passage 1 （24-25高二下·安徽淮北·期中） When I was a little boy, I loved drawing. I 1 presented a new picture to my mother a few times a day at least. She would 2 them up on the refrigerator as I’m sure all parents do, but she quickly 3 room. When that happened, she would ask me to 4 which picture we would remove to make room for the 5 one. She would then take the removed picture and 6 me she would put it somewhere safe — a great 7 to tell a little kid so they didn’t suspect their drawing was destined (注定) for the trash can. Decades later, my mother passed away from cancer, and I was 8 for cleaning her home to prepare it to be sold. As I 9 the things in her room, I found a box stuffed full of paper. It contained every one of the 10 I’d created as a kid, separated into folders based on the 11 I was when I drew it. It was located near her bed table and had every indication of being 12 on a regular basis. She really had saved and 13 my terrible drawings all these years. I’m a fully-grown, strong military man who never shows 14 . Yet holding my own six-year-old scribblings (涂鸦) in my hands, I ended up 15 my heart out in my mother’s room. 1．A．finally B．cautiously C．proudly D．casually 2．A．match B．hang C．mix D．hand 3．A．ran out of B．made use of C．took place of D．got rid of 4．A．display B．decorate C．pick D．prepare 5．A．initial B．popular C．expensive D．new 6．A．promise B．persuade C．appreciate D．remind 7．A．speech B．policy C．investment D．lie 8．A．grateful B．responsible C．anxious D．convenient 9．A．gave away B．showed off C．sorted through D．put back 10．A．toys B．pills C．frames D．pictures 11．A．age B．theory C．volume D．principle 12．A．signed B．checked C．restored D．fixed 13．A．complained B．tolerated C．enjoyed D．commented 14．A．progress B．happiness C．decline D．weakness 15．A．crying B．singing C．moving D．burning 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．D 6．A 7．D 8．B 9．C 10．D 11．A 12．B 13．C 14．D 15．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是作者在母亲去世后，发现她珍藏了他儿时所有画作，触动心灵的故事。 1．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我每天至少会骄傲地给妈妈看几次新图片。A. finally最后；B. cautiously谨慎地；C. proudly自豪地；D. casually随意地。根据后文“to my mother a few times a day at least”可知，小时候作者会每天至少几次骄傲地给妈妈展示图画。故选C。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她会像所有父母一样把它们挂在冰箱上，但是她很快就没地方挂了。A. match匹配；B. hang悬挂；C. mix混合；D. hand递送。根据下文“up on the refrigerator”可知，母亲将作者的画作挂在冰箱上。故选B。 3．考查动词短语辨析。句意：同上。A. ran out of用完；B. made use of利用；C. took place of 取代；D. got rid of摆脱。根据后文“which picture we would remove to make room for the pick one”可知，母亲会让作者选择要移除哪张照片来为新的图画腾出空间，由此表明冰箱上很快就没有空间挂画了即母亲很快就没地方挂画了。故选A。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当这种情况发生时，她会让我选择我们要移除哪张图画来为新的腾出空间。A. display展示；B. decorate装饰；C. pick挑选；D. prepare准备。根据后文“which picture we would remove to make room for the ___5___ one.”可知，母亲总是会让作者挑选（选择）要移除哪张图画来腾出地方。故选C。 5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. initial 最初的；B. popular流行的；C. expensive昂贵的；D. new 新的。根据前文“which picture we would remove to make room”可知，母亲总是会让作者挑选（选择）要移除哪张图画来为新画腾出地方。故选D。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，她会拿着被那张被拿走的画，向我保证她会把它放在一个安全的地方——对一个小孩子来说，这是一个很大的谎言，这样他们就不会怀疑他们的画注定要被扔进垃圾桶。A. promise承诺；B. persuade说服；C. appreciate欣赏，感激；D. remind提醒。根据后文“she would put it somewhere safe”可知，母亲向作者保证她会把画放在一个安全的地方。故选A。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. speech演讲；B. policy政策；C. investment投资；D. lie谎言。根据后文“to tell a little kid so they didn’t suspect their drawing was destined (注定) for the trash can.”可知，母亲告知作者将替换下来得画放在一个安全的地方，对一个小孩子来说，这是一个很大的谎言，这样他们就不会怀疑他们的画是要被扔进垃圾桶的。故选D。 8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：几十年后，我的母亲因癌症去世了，我负责打扫她的房子，准备出售。A. grateful 感激的；B. responsible 负责任的；C. anxious焦虑的；D. convenient 方便的。根据后文“for cleaning her home”可知，作者负责打扫母亲的房子。故选B。 9．考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我整理她房间里的东西时，我发现了一个装满纸张的盒子。 A. gave away赠送，泄露；B. showed off 炫耀；C. sorted through分类整理；D. put back放回原处。根据后文“the things in her room”可知，作者整理母亲房间里的东西。故选C。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它包含了我小时候画的每一张画，根据我画的年龄分成了几个文件夹。A. toys玩具；B. pills药片；C. frames框架；D. pictures图画。根据前文第一段中“When I was a little boy, I loved drawing.”以及后文“I’d created as a kid”可知，盒子里装满了作者小时候所画的每一张画。故选D。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. age年龄；B. theory理论；C. volume音量；D. principle原则。根据上文“separated into folders based on”以及后文“I was when I drew it.”可知，盒子里的画是根据作者画的年龄分成了几个文件夹。故选A。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它位于她的床头柜附近，种种迹象表明它经常被查看。A. signed签名；B. checked检查；C. restored恢复；D. fixed修理。根据本句中“indication”以及后文的“on a regular basis”可知，种种迹象表明，母亲总是会把作者小时候所画的画定期地拿出来查看。故选B。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些年来，她真的收藏了并欣赏了我那些糟糕的画作。A. complained抱怨；B. tolerated忍受；C. enjoyed享受；D. commented评论。根据前面的“It was located near her bed table and had every indication of being 12 on a regular basis.”以及后文的“my terrible drawings”可知，作者的母亲收藏了并欣赏了作者的那些糟糕的画作。故选C。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我是个成熟强壮的军人从不示弱。A. progress进步；B. happiness幸福；C. decline减少；D. weakness软弱。根据前文“I’m a fully-grown, strong military man”可知，作者是一个成熟稳重、身强力壮的军人，从不示弱。故选D。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，我手里拿着自己六岁时的涂鸦，最后在母亲的房间里哭得很伤心。A. crying哭泣；B. singing唱歌；C. moving移动，感动；D. burning燃烧。根据前文“I’m a fully-grown, strong military man who never shows ____14____ .”以及“Yet”可知，前后两句构成转折关系，即作者是个成熟强壮的军人从不示弱，但是当手里拿着自己六岁时的画作（母亲所收藏并保留下来的画作）时，作者在母亲的房间里哭得很伤心。故选A。 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题05 完形填空 主题01 人与社会——社会与文化 Passage 1 （24-25高二下·安徽蚌埠·期中） In 2020,13-year-old Adeola Olagbegi caught a rare illness, and had a successful operation. 1 , Adeola is now out of the hospital. While he was 2 , he found out that he was qualified for a(n) 3 to ask for a dream wish from Make-A-Wish Foundation. While many teens would choose a Disney trip or meet a favourite figure, Adeola 4 chose to feed the homeless. The Make-A-Wish Foundation is famous for brightening the lives of children 5 illnesses by realizing their wishes, a wish always includes having something or going somewhere. However, Adeola’s wish to give came as a 6 to the organization, as Adeola’s 7 wish was the first of its kind in the organization’s 35-year history. “When he so easily offers to help others, you just have to say, that’s a(n) 8 young man,” said Linda, an official of the organization. She was 9 with the teen’s kindness and sense of 10 . Adeola thinks his past experiences 11 with his family in their community are what 12 him to make the giving wish. When deciding what to do with the 13 chance, the one thing that was the most important to him was that his wish had a long-lasting 14 . “My mum always says it’s lucky to be someone 15 , so I just wanted to do something for other people to make it last longer,” Adeola explained. 1．A．Naturally B．Hopefully C．Thankfully D．Frankly 2．A．recovering B．practising C．preparing D．fighting 3．A．interview B．opportunity C．goal D．promise 4．A．anyway B．therefore C．moreover D．instead 5．A．suffering from B．taking on C．looking through D．getting off 6．A．worry B．success C．surprise D．disappointment 7．A．formal B．generous C．exciting D．curious 8．A．kind B．terrible C．capable D．confident 9．A．confused B．affected C．strict D．impressed 10．A．honour B．humour C．responsibility D．relief 11．A．designing B．exploring C．volunteering D．exercising 12．A．permits B．forces C．expects D．inspires 13．A．normal B．unexpected C．strange D．different 14．A．memory B．friendship C．appreciation D．impact 15．A．helpful B．careful C．powerful D．regretful Passage 2 （24-25高二下·安徽联考·期中） Evan, who only began playing the guitar five months ago, has already fallen in love with the instrument. 1 by rock stars like Jimi Hendrix and Led Zeppelin, Evan found his 2 took root last Christmas when his dad 3 an electric guitar to him. But after getting used to playing that guitar for two months, he wanted an 4 . While testing advanced guitars at a local shop, Evan 5 a stranger, who seemed to take great interest in his playing. “He was 6 listening to me play and said it sounded pretty good. I thought nothing of it because he then walked out,” Evan 7 . 8 , just a brief moment later, that same man returned with a guitar case in his hand. Inside was a Fender Telecaster valued at over $1,500. “And 9 , he stuffed it into my hands, saying ‘it’s yours’,” said Evan. “He also said the paperwork and everything else were in the case as he headed out.” It left Evan and his father, Gary Sterling, 10 . “I was waiting for the, ‘All you have to do is 11 this amount of money,’ but nothing like that happened. When he left, the shop owner said, ‘He 12 it. I’ve seen him do such things before.’ I was just in disbelief,” Gary added. This unexpected 13 touched Evan deeply. Now, Evan has his own 14 — to do the same for another young man one day. What started as a quiet shopping trip turned into a(n) 15 moment for the 16-year-old. 1．A．Accompanied B．Funded C．Recognized D．Inspired 2．A．doubt B．passion C．regret D．pride 3．A．gifted B．lent C．owed D．returned 4．A．agent B．opportunity C．improvement D．invitation 5．A．identified B．encountered C．tricked D．stopped 6．A．attentively B．gratefully C．secretly D．sympathetically 7．A．repeated B．judged C．interrupted D．recalled 8．A．Yet B．Therefore C．Instead D．Besides 9．A．in silence B．for convenience C．by mistake D．without hesitation 10．A．amused B．amazed C．ashamed D．satisfied 11．A．check B．accept C．pay D．save 12．A．appreciated B．deserved C．meant D．made 13．A．comment B．generosity C．discovery D．success 14．A．resolution B．experience C．assessment D．explanation 15．A．record-breaking B．eye-catching C．hair-raising D．life-changing Passage 3 （24-25高二下·安徽培优联盟·期中） For most 12-year-olds, any free time after school is spent hanging out with friends, competing in sports, or playing video games. But Alejandro Buxton has another 1 each week: making all-natural candles that he 2 online and at a local mall. The idea was inspired by his mother, Patricia Buxton, who had to 3 many of the scented candles after realizing the chemicals within them were 4 her allergies (过敏反应), causing her frequent headaches. “My mom really loves candles,” he said. “It was hard to see that she was 5 .” So, at just 9 years old, Alejandro started experimenting with making his own, mixing 6 like soy and coconut wax (蜡) with essential oils. He 7 his first model after his favorite dinosaur, “Jurassic Orange” for its color and fragrance. His mother liked it very much, and the scent didn’t cause her head to 8 . Soon after, Alejandro began selling his products on his own 9 . Now, he is operating his 10 in a location as well. He opened a stand in D．C．’s Tysons Corner shopping center, making him the youngest 11 at the mall. Besides 12 fellow kids with his business spirit and talent, Alcjandro is also a (n) 13 role model for giving back and making a difference. He 14 some of his profits to a local charity. He said, “We can 15 the world by helping each other.” 1．A．pursuit B．burden C．assignment D．chore 2．A．consults B．sells C．lights D．shows 3．A．sort out B．burn away C．cut up D．give up 4．A．curing B．spreading C．removing D．worsening 5．A．sad B．desperate C．sleepy D．crazy 6．A．products B．ingredients C．foods D．elements 7．A．named B．prepared C．arranged D．advertised 8．A．shake B．nod C．ache D．bend 9．A．store B．website C．stand D．right 10．A．machine B．project C．business D．factory 11．A．inventor B．customer C．maker D．renter 12．A．inspiring B．providing C．presenting D．combining 13．A．honest B．positive C．wealthy D．generous 14．A．owes B．declares C．donates D．reports 15．A．conquer B．rule C．create D．change Passage 4 （25-26高二下·安徽联考·期中） In most teachers’ eyes, Tom was a “troublemaker”. His workbooks were always 1 , and in class, he often passed notes to students sitting at the back. When teachers talked about him, they would show great 2 . Tom was used to that 3 . He tried to cause trouble on purpose because he assumed no one 4 him. However, something 5 when he was in Grade Eight. One morning, Ms. Su, a new teacher, asked everyone to read the text. When it was Tom’s 6 , the classroom became quiet immediately. Some students held back their laughter, 7 to see Tom make a fool of himself — everyone knew Tom could 8 know the 26 English letters. Tom hung his head and would not speak. Ms. Su didn’t 9 him. Instead, she pushed the textbook to him 10 , and said, “I’ll read it once, and you 11 me, okay?” Her voice was quiet and soft, free of teasing (取笑), just full of 12 . After 13 for a long time, Tom finally opened his mouth. He thought it sounded terrible, but to his surprise, Ms. Su nodded with a smile. At that moment, the tough shell was cracked open a little. Tom began to pay attention to his 14 . He would help classmates when they were in trouble and worked hard. Years later, Tom was admitted to his dream university and even became a volunteer to help those in need. He finally 15 that true kindness is like what Ms. Su did: breaking down prejudice (偏见) with gentleness and awakening courage with trust. 1．A．orderly B．unavoidable C．unfinished D．old 2．A．curiosity B．disappointment C．relief D．imbalance 3．A．reputation B．excuse C．award D．schedule 4．A．commented on B．gave up C．looked for D．cared about 5．A．changed B．returned C．failed D．continued 6．A．choice B．turn C．promise D．plan 7．A．regretting B．offering C．waiting D．fearing 8．A．skillfully B．possibly C．surely D．hardly 9．A．rush B．stop C．refuse D．guide 10．A．carelessly B．silently C．impatiently D．nervously 11．A．correct B．score C．help D．follow 12．A．encouragement B．pride C．confidence D．gratitude 13．A．comparing B．hesitating C．researching D．arguing 14．A．goal B．duty C．behavior D．ability 15．A．imagined B．expected C．explained D．understood Passage 5 （24-25高二下·安徽滁州·期中） On an ordinary day in 1955, three-year-old Levy suddenly developed a high fever. In panic, her parents 1 her to the hospital. The worst 2 was confirmed when they received the heartbreaking news — their beloved Levy had contracted polio, an incurable disease in that age. Levy 3 great pain in the hospital in the following months. Although she regained the ability to breathe 4 after treatment, she was left paralyzed from the neck down. Life got really hard, but when she reached the age of nine, a spark of 5 emerged. She was 6 to learn that she would have the opportunity to go to school. However, the reality was far from her 7 . She found herself in a separated room, 8 by a group of children in wheelchairs like her. Some of these children also faced 9 disabilities. They were not even permitted to have lunch in the school cafeteria, further 10 them from their peers. Despite these hardships, Levy remained 11 . Aiming to share her journey and 12 others, she established a communication consulting firm in 1982, 13 her unique experiences and insights. Levy also became an outstanding 14 for disability rights, speaking out firmly against the discrimination the disabled faced. All through Levy’s life, disability has never been an 15 to her growth. 1．A．ordered B．rushed C．dragged D．guided 2．A．fear B．depression C．confusion D．shame 3．A．witnessed B．endured C．brought D．released 4．A．slowly B．deeply C．heavily D．independently 5．A．hope B．sympathy C．life D．miracle 6．A．anxious B．calm C．shocked D．excited 7．A．description B．expectation C．preparation D．arrangement 8．A．struck B．exposed C．surrounded D．troubled 9．A．mental B．physical C．temporary D．mild 10．A．protecting B．identifying C．isolating D．discouraging 11．A．constant B．optimistic C．stubborn D．flexible 12．A．promote B．persuade C．inspire D．challenge 13．A．taking advantage of B．making up for C．looking forward to D．putting up with 14．A．companion B．assistant C．advocate D．contestant 15．A．approach B．experience C．achievement D．obstacle Passage 6 （24-25高二下·安徽芜湖·期中） One gift I’ll always remember is a simple reminder of the good things in life from my daughter, Hannah. It happened when Hannah was ten years old. She hadn’t been feeling well for several days before things took a(n) 1 turn. She had a high fever and breathed 2 . My wife, Cathy, and I 3 her to the local hospital, where doctors quickly 4 that she was in a dangerous state. As doctors 5 to save her, I held her hand with tears, wondering if she would 6 . After what seemed to be centuries, she started to respond to the treatment. It was fortunate that Hannah recovered 7 . During her stay in the hospital, she 8 to look after herself to reduce our concern. Despite that, Cathy and I were caught in the 9 that our lives were never going to be the same as before. One day, Hannah 10 herself into her mother’s arms, crying, “I’m getting really 11 .” We looked at Cathy anxiously, completely at a loss. Then suddenly, Hannah said with a smile, “Just kidding!”, which broke the ice. We laughed long, which brightened our lives, after a week of 12 about her health. We wanted to make this moment of happiness 13 . Hannah 14 us that whatever difficulties, she was still our sweet and positive girl. That’s a 15 I’ll always treasure. 1．A．new B．alarming C．brief D．wrong 2．A．smoothly B．thoroughly C．heavily D．efficiently 3．A．contacted B．rushed C．deserted D．promoted 4．A．recommended B．described C．proposed D．determined 5．A．hesitate B．struggled C．intended D．competed 6．A．clear up B．get through C．calm down D．pass out 7．A．regularly B．dynamically C．quickly D．permanently 8．A．attempted B．appealed C．ensured D．refused 9．A．resolution B．reason C．fantasy D．recognition 10．A．took B．sent C．threw D．moved 11．A．sick B．energetic C．passive D．normal 12．A．tiredness B．anxiety C．depression D．disappointment 13．A．skip B．appear C．last D．function 14．A．reminded B．warned C．encouraged D．promised 15．A．reward B．memory C．factor D．gift 主题02 人与自我——生活与学习 Passage 1 （24-25高二下·安徽联考·期中） While undergoing treatment, I returned to work. In the open environment of an office, there is usually little or no 1 , whether conversations are on the phone or in 2 . Everybody seems to know others’ 93 . One day, after a stress-filled phone conversation, I hung up the phone, put my head down on my desk and let out a deep, tearful 3 . My workmate, Joyce, rolled her chair over and 4 asked, “What’s going on?” I poured out everything: sick mom, out-of-control adult child, sick dog, daily treatments and my broken car. “Everything is 5 !” I said. I was so exhausted and hopeless. I felt like all this would never 6 . Joyce gave me a moment to 7 . She then told me about a time when she also had a (n) 8 time with a lot of things going on. I asked her how she had 9 to get through it. She held out an open hand and a (n) 10 fist (拳头), offering me words to live by in the moments of 11 : Inbox empty or inbox full? I got the 12 —The way you see things depends a great deal on where you look at them from. When I feel like life stuff just keeps piling on — whether it’s good, bad or just feels like too much to 13 — I recite those viewpoint-changing words. My inbox is 14 . I don’t know what an empty inbox looks like and I don’t want to know. 1．A．connection B．privacy C．conversation D．purpose 2．A．order B．peace C．person D．detail 3．A．business B．challenge C．interest D．responsibility 4．A．comment B．laugh C．speech D．sigh 5．A．anxiously B．angrily C．doubtfully D．fearlessly 6．A．impossible B．familiar C．awful D．unnecessary 7．A．exist B．matter C．end D．work 8．A．come alive B．run off C．wake up D．calm down 9．A．tough B．important C．different D．limited 10．A．promised B．managed C．happened D．hesitated 11．A．injured B．closed C．thin D．clean 12．A．regret B．pride C．success D．struggle 13．A．praise B．chance C．adventure D．message 14．A．explain B．share C．handle D．measure 15．A．empty B．full C．attractive D．messy Passage 2 （24-25高二下·安徽培优联盟·期中） For 20 years, my life was “go, go, go”. As a mother and professor, I often found myself 1 emails from students while helping my children with their homework. I was 2 to arriving at office early, ready to 3 a long to-do list. My days were filled with various tasks. The fast 4 seemed like the only way to get through — until an experience abroad showed me a new 5 to research and life. In 2022, I got a 3-month opportunity to work at a university in Uruguay. I imagined the stay as a(n) 6 period of lab work, data collection, and countless scientific discoveries. However, when I arrived, I was 7 to learn that our work hours were limited to 8 a.m. to 3:30 p.m. We 8 our work with conversations about last evenings, followed later by tasks and a lunch break, which made me impatient. Yet my research progressed 9 . The slower rhythm 10 space for deeper thinking. I was learning the value of working with intention rather than 11 . This experience has 12 my days. I find myself more focused in the lab, and more present with my family. I’ve come to 13 productivity is not measured only by research papers. It is also 14 by rest, the relationships that give meaning to the work and the 15 with family. 1．A．answering B．drafting C．revising D．deleting 2．A．committed B．restricted C．addicted D．used 3．A．make B．update C．tackle D．submit 4．A．deal B．pace C．change D．decision 5．A．key B．approach C．contrast D．link 6．A．intense B．efficient C．fruitful D．stable 7．A．grateful B．relaxed C．surprised D．regretful 8．A．broke down B．wrapped up C．carried on D．kicked off 9．A．eventually B．suddenly C．randomly D．steadily 10．A．assigned B．left C．displayed D．saved 11．A．carelessness B．sadness C．urgency D．anxiety 12．A．reshaped B．replaced C．restored D．recharged 13．A．claim B．remember C．realize D．expect 14．A．supported B．affected C．judged D．ruled 15．A．discussion B．travel C．comfort D．presence Passage 3 （24-25高二下·安徽A10联盟·期中） At 72, writer Francis Chin decided to learn something new. After years in media and journalism, he wanted to stay active and relevant — rather than simply 1 . A former colleague once told him that data scientists were in high demand, and this 2 him to take a course in data science. Although he had 3 later in life before — earning a bachelor’s degree at 44 and a master’s at 51— online learning was a completely 4 experience for him. He also remembered 5 with math in school, and data science involved topics like statistics and logic. Still, he refused to let that 6 him. Whenever he found the lessons hard to follow, he asked questions 7 , something he believed came easier with 8 . Soon, he discovered that data science was not as 9 as it first seemed. Eventually, the subject began to 10 . As he learned more, Francis began to see how data science could be used to solve 11 problems. For one project, he researched how 12 learning might help reduce mistakes in breast cancer screening. Even if he never works as a data scientist, he feels 13 to have gained new skills in an important field. Now, Francis hopes to combine his 14 experience with what he has learned. He plans to write a free book about using tools like ChatGPT and other AI programs. To fellow 15 , he says: keep learning, stay curious, and never believe it is too late to grow. 1．A．return B．travel C．escape D．retire 2．A．allowed B．inspired C．promised D．pushed 3．A．studied B．trained C．worked D．experienced 4．A．fresh B．strange C．simple D．boring 5．A．dealing B．competing C．struggling D．arguing 6．A．guide B．stop C．test D．change 7．A．hesitantly B．nervously C．formally D．confidently 8．A．luck B．support C．age D．pressure 9．A．popular B．frightening C．beneficial D．amusing 10．A．make sense B．keep pace C．catch attention D．lose meaning 11．A．personal B．imaginary C．common D．real 12．A．human B．business C．machine D．language 13．A．curious B．astonished C．proud D．fortunate 14．A．writing B．acting C．teaching D．drawing 15．A．experts B．scientists C．engineers D．seniors Passage 4 （24-25高二下·安徽马鞍山·期中） I came across an image of a distance runner with a caption (说明文字) that told readers to keep going at all costs. It 1 me of the sunk cost fallacy (谬论), a concept I researched in grad school after realizing I’d been so likely to suffer from it. In high school, I had 2 five universities. Soon I heard from four, and Southern Utah University was going to give me the best 3 . I paid them my $100 commitment fee. Two weeks later, the last school 4 an even better scholarship with full fees. And what did 17-year-old me do? I was still 5 to Southern Utah University due to the 6 $100 commitment fee. It seems obvious to me now that 7 schools, even if it meant admitting I’d “wasted” $100, was a better 8 decision. I’m not the only 9 . People will wear clothes they don’t like because they have paid money for them and stay in unhealthy 10 because they’ve been together for so long. That you’ve sunk time, effort, or money into something doesn’t mean you should 11 more. Our society loves to emphasize 12 to keep trying. But only you know the right path for you. Sometimes 13 is the hardest choice of all after all the hard work. You might 14 a path you’re on is no longer the right one or never was. That’s a(n) 15 realization. 1．A．warned B．convinced C．reminded D．informed 2．A．approved of B．applied to C．taken in D．put off 3．A．reward B．scholarship C．celebration D．property 4．A．offered B．consumed C．expected D．explored 5．A．exposed B．committed C．opposed D．made 6．A．initial B．precise C．minor D．apparent 7．A．attending B．skipping C．switching D．visiting 8．A．financial B．impressive C．physical D．striking 9．A．consumer B．civilian C．victim D．loser 10．A．competitions B．lifestyles C．states D．relationships 11．A．inspect B．invest C．possess D．pursue 12．A．permission B．curiosity C．determination D．expectation 13．A．breaking out B．walking away C．giving in D．passing down 14．A．realize B．doubt C．prove D．regret 15．A．amusing B．innovative C．delicate D．painful 主题01 人与社会——社会与文化 Passage 1 （24-25高二下·安徽滁州·期中） Kenny Lake School in Copper, Alaska, is small, with about 60 students from kindergarten to high school seniors. It’s even 1 in winter when some parents teach their children at home because of the long drives and 2 roads. Jennifer Hodges is a third, fourth and fifth-grade teacher. She says her three-grade class sits only at desks for 20 minutes a day. They do a lot of 3 learning, such as raising salmon from eggs and then 4 them to lakes. Salmon lay eggs in the fall, when many schools 5 . The fish stay with her students in the classroom for about six months before they are sent to lakes. Many of her students already have experience fishing salmon, which is a traditional 5 in Native Alaskan communities. “Though many of them grow up fishing salmon for food, few have 6 them as pets,” Hodges says. “During the months that the salmon are in the 8 , students like to sit by the tank to observe and 7 when they will hatch from the eggs based on the data they have 8 . To them, it’s not practicing math problems: it’s 9 the future.” Each year in May, she takes her students on the Salmon Field Trip to send the fish to the wild and never 10 them again. “But it’s not 11 . Instead, it’s the highlight of the year,” says Fisher, one of the students. “You get to say 12 to them. The best part is watching them hatch from eggs and 13 .” 1．A．colder B．smaller C．prettier D．faster 2．A．dry B．wide C．icy D．old 3．A．practical B．repeated C．boring D．quick 4．A．throwing B．referring C．kicking D．sending 5．A．start B．fail C．disappear D．end 6．A．gift B．dish C．holiday D．medicine 7．A．bought B．hugged C．raised D．cooked 8．A．lake B．community C．zoo D．classroom 9．A．care about B．figure out C．rely on D．account for 10．A．ignored B．valued C．received D．collected 11．A．predicting B．creating C．delaying D．missing 12．A．see B．love C．teach D．eat 13．A．important B．possible C．sad D．lawful 14．A．goodbye B．hello C．thanks D．sorry 15．A．die B．fly C．sing D．grow Passage 2 （24-25高二下·六安二中·期中） Reeves was a 7th grader in Michigan. He was honoured as a hero for preventing his school bus from 1 after the bus driver lost consciousness (知觉). On April 26, the bus driver was taking students home from Carter Middle School when she 2 to experience “some faint (昏厥)”. She tried to pull over but didn’t make it to where she planned to park and eventually 18 . The bus began to turn to oncoming traffic. That’s when Dillon Reeves 3 into action. Reeves, who was 4 about five rows back, “got up from his seat, threw his backpack down, ran to the front of the bus, 5 the steering wheel (方向盘) and brought the bus to a stop in the middle of the road...despite the reasonable 6 , ” Warren Consolidated Schools Superintendent Robert D．Livernois said. In a video released by the city government at the news meeting, Reeves is seen taking 7 of the steering wheel and then shouting to the other passengers, “Someone call 911. Now! ” The Warren Police and Fire Departments responded (回应) quickly to the scene to 8 to the driver and the students were loaded onto another bus to be 9 taken home. No injuries to the children on the bus were reported. Warren City Councilman Jonathan Lafferty is calling Reeves a hero. “The City of Warren is very 10 of our 7th Grade Hero Dillon Reeves! This young man reacted quickly when his school bus driver experienced a 11 emergency, bringing the bus to a stop and 12 what could have been a very severe accident. We all admire you for your heroic actions! ” he said. “Dillon, he’s really been a(n) 13 guy this year, ” his mother Ireta said. “To do something like this just 14 my heart and touches me. ” 1．A．crashing B．stopping C．slowing D．speeding 2．A．requested B．began C．struggled D．volunteered 3．A．fell apart B．gave up C．passed out D．came along 4．A．broke B．changed C．competed D．jumped 5．A．faced B．fixed C．tracked D．seated 6．A．set B．stole C．caught D．threw 7．A．curiosity B．fear C．strategy D．impression 8．A．control B．care C．advantage D．place 9．A．prefer B．attract C．attend D．addict 10．A．obviously B．safely C．calmly D．anxiously 11．A．sure B．tired C．proud D．nervous 12．A．awkward B．formal C．natural D．medical 13．A．applying B．recognizing C．avoiding D．challenging 14．A．great B．advanced C．adventurous D．suitable 15．A．frightens B．fills C．annoys D．injures Passage 3 （24-25高二下·合肥八中·期中） As a little kid, I was fascinated by the inner workings of every device in my family’s home. I would spend hours assembling (装配) radios, 1 and other household appliances, trying to figure out how they worked. Assembly is more like solving a 2 than a step-by-step process. Some 3 adults were amazed at this, but to me, a blind kid 4 the world, it felt perfectly natural. Blindness was a hands-on process. Decades later, when I studied at the University of California, I 5 familiar barriers because the campus lacked accessible lab equipment for the disabled — they didn’t 6 blind kids to study physics. 37 , I found blind tutors who taught me to 7 some of my own accessible equipment. This attempt ultimately paved the way for me to become an 8 inventor and scientist. My personal story sparked my 9 to create more tools to help people like me to navigate the scientific world. With this newfound mission, I started reaching out to others who shared my 41 . Ultimately, we founded a nonprofit organization dedicated to making science accessible to the blind. Today, our nonprofit organization 10 the gap for blind students, and the successful stories of our members 11 a testament to the power of perseverance and adaptability. Just as our society is learning to recognize and 12 racism, sexism, and other biases, we need to become more broadly capable of spotting and eliminating disability discrimination. Only then can we move toward a/an 13 world. 1．A．tables B．toys C．irons D．furniture 2．A．task B．challenge C．question D．puzzle 3．A．disabled B．curious C．sighted D．surprised 4．A．exploring B．connecting C．changing D．creating 5．A．overcame B．encountered C．avoided D．cleared 6．A．bother B．expect C．doubt D．expose 7．A．Naturally B．Gradually C．Fortunately D．Occasionally 8．A．build B．operate C．maintain D．assess 9．A．diligent B．modest C．exceptional D．realistic 10．A．ability B．drive C．target D．taste 11．A．sight B．imagination C．opinion D．vision 12．A．crosses B．bridges C．links D．fills 13．A．work out B．take up C．serve as D．prepare for 14．A．put off B．call out C．fight for D．turn out 15．A．shared B．extensive C．inclusive D．connected Passage 4 （24-25高二下·安徽宣城·期中） Rich Fortels got off to a pretty good start at the Greater Middlesex Conference high school swimming championships on Jan, 29 in New Jersey, winning the boys’ 100 freestyle in 46.73 seconds. Then he won the 100 backstroke in 51.30 seconds, setting a 1 . But there was one problem in the second race: Because Fortels’s school, Monroe High, doesn’t have a swimming team, Fortels wore a 2 bearing the name of his club team. Someone pointed out that wearing such a cap 3 the National Federation of State High School Association rule, and thus Fortels was 4 . Then Michael Spark of Metuchen High School, who finished second in the backstroke, was declared the champion. On Monday, however, Spark showed that he was worthy of the 5 : He traveled to Monroe High to 6 the first-place medal to Fortels. “You beat me 7 ,” Spark told Fortels. “You broke the record. You were the 8 winner. You deserve all the 9 . I want you to take this.” Fortels 10 it, politely stating, “I want to thank you, but I cannot accept the medal because it is not recognized.” The rival competitors then shook hands and exchanged cell phone numbers, 11 to stay in touch. They expected that they both can 12 in future games. Conference President Carl Buffalino called Spark’s act of sportsmanship “absolutely 13 ”! “Winning is great, but as educators, one of the core 14 that we are trying to teach our student-athletes is sportsmanship and doing the right thing,” Buffalino said. “Today, Spark is my hero, because he did what’s 15 .” 1．A．record B．standard C．goal D．task 2．A．T-shirt B．coat C．watch D．cap 3．A．reflects B．changes C．breaks D．follows 4．A．disorganized B．disqualified C．unprofessional D．uncooperative 5．A．chance B．attention C．title D．support 6．A．lend B．donate C．show D．present 7．A．secretly B．fairly C．seriously D．accidentally 8．A．famous B．special C．clear D．possible 9．A．recognition B．contribution C．invitation D．permission 10．A．handed B．declined C．returned D．ignored 11．A．promising B．pausing C．attempting D．choosing 12．A．chat B．pass C．score D．shine 13．A．necessary B．powerful C．incredible D．reasonable 14．A．purposes B．traditions C．rules D．values 15．A．right B．real C．fit D．simple Passage 5 （24-25高二下·安徽阜阳·期中） On Saturday, Juliet and Darcy were enjoying the sunshine at Furness Park when they noticed a man fall down on the sidewalk. They hurried to 1 the man. Darcy took a closer 2 . Then she observed his chest not going up and down, which meant he wasn’t 3 . The girls knew they needed to 4 help. While Darcy stayed with the 5 man, Juliet ran to nearby homes and began ringing doorbells, but no one 6 . Juliet continued to run for help. She finally found some men fixing a car and told them the 7 . The repairmen quickly 8 CPR (心肺复苏) on the unconscious (无意识的) man until doctors arrived and used a defibrillator (除颤器) to 9 his heart. Doctors said the man was in critical condition and should be 10 to the hospital. A doctor said, “The two girls took fast action, which is called ‘a chain of survival’, which can save the 11 of a patient in a dangerous situation.” “What they did was quite 12 ,” said another doctor. “They jumped into action to try to save a 13 , and they didn’t give up until that task was 14 .” But doctors didn’t get the girls’ names at that time, so they launched a(n) 15 to the public to find them. Finally, the two girls were found and praised for helping save a man’s life. “We just did what we should,” Darcy said. 1．A．recognize B．greet C．aid D．seize 2．A．walk B．try C．chat D．look 3．A．bleeding B．breathing C．starving D．choking 4．A．forbid B．choose C．quit D．seek 5．A．unconscious B．familiar C．awkward D．ragged 6．A．arrived B．agreed C．answered D．succeeded 7．A．consequence B．emergency C．concept D．incident 8．A．searched for B．put off C．carried out D．broke down 9．A．stop B．break C．protect D．restart 10．A．rushed B．admitted C．persuaded D．guided 11．A．reputation B．future C．life D．family 12．A．disappointing B．amazing C．annoying D．interesting 13．A．repairman B．neighbor. C．stranger D．relative 14．A．performed B．presented C．claimed D．completed 15．A．appeal B．comment C．poster D．award 主题02 人与自然——保护环境 Passage 1 （24-25高二下·芜湖一中·期中） Children’s interaction with nature refreshes their minds and bodies. Despite so many 1 children’s participation in outdoor play has been 2 . The kids are getting pushed towards screens. Former school psychologist Ernesto Rodriguez, 78 these behavioral patterns and believes children should develop a relationship with nature. So through his 3 , he’s attempting to get children to enjoy the beauty of nature. In his 4 as a school psychologist, Rodriguez has seen many classrooms without windows. He dislikes the arrangement, especially after 5 his job to be a park ranger (护林员). Being within nature, he came to realize that looking outside is 6 . So he was determined to 7 nature to the classrooms — he printed the landscapes he’d captured on curtains, and then fixed them on 8 . Rodriguez’s landscapes mostly 9 tree canopies (树冠层) and when children look up at the ceiling, they feel like they’re sitting under a tree. 10 , he includes all the elements science has proven to reduce anxiety, from warm tones to 11 colors. Till now, he has made canopies in ten schools. Student Octavio appreciated the change, “It’s 12 to see the trees in the classroom.” The teacher, Logan Earnest, believes the canopies will increase children’s 13 in the classroom. “I think kids will come in here more frequently,” he said. Meanwhile, Rodriguez advises people not to just experience nature indoors, but to 14 and enjoy it. 1．A．qualities B．contrasts C．benefits D．barriers 2．A．reduced B．inspired C．denied D．allowed 3．A．boosts B．abandons C．urges D．opposes 4．A．efforts B．protests C．spirits D．strengths 5．A．expectation B．motivation C．experience D．passion 6．A．losing B．keeping C．disturbing D．changing 7．A．normal B．important C．convenient D．useless 8．A．bring B．abuse C．submit D．return 9．A．walls B．floors C．ceilings D．blackboards 10．A．avoid B．feature C．shade D．reflect 11．A．Artificially B．Leisurely C．Apparently D．Additionally 12．A．peaceful B．solid C．domestic D．universal 13．A．annoying B．greedy C．amazing D．natural 14．A．patent B．identity C．possession D．interest 15．A．break in B．step out C．carry on D．beat down Passage 2 （24-25高二下·安徽黄山·期中） Natalie and Callie, both 13 years old, started raising monarch butterflies for fun in 2020. But after realizing the monarchs were an endangered species, their 1 soon turned into a serious mission. They learned that the population of monarch butterflies had 2 since the early 1990s, due to habitat 3 and widespread use of chemicals, which made the milkweeds (马利筋草), the monarchs 4 for their main diet, dangerous to eat. So the girls teamed up with a national nonprofit group to plant a native garden 5 for the monarchs. The garden grew organic milkweeds that 6 and kept the butterflies. To help 7 the locals sustain the monarch population, they created an exhibition about the monarchs in the local library. They also wanted to put up an educational sign in town, but it 8 a lot. To cover the expense, they set up a stand at the Farmers Market to sell their 9 milkweeds for people to plant. Although the fundraising days were 10 , they finally succeeded in earning enough money with their hard work and people’s support. The team has won the Silver Award for their 11 of taking care of butterflies, but they are not 102 with their work. “Our next step is to cut down on the use of 12 to guarantee a safe environment for the monarchs,” said Natalie. In the award ceremony, their teacher Brian 13 , “I am so proud of them for their constant 14 .” 1．A．dream B．hobby C．career D．decision 2．A．doubled B．aged C．declined D．exploded 3．A．management B．assessment C．selection D．destruction 4．A．relied on B．kept off C．broke down D．gave away 5．A．partly B．secretly C．rarely D．specially 6．A．attracted B．protected C．monitored D．trapped 7．A．employ B．educate C．force D．limit 8．A．meant B．cost C．changed D．hurt 9．A．dry B．medical C．healthy D．wild 10．A．pleasing B．light C．long D．disappointing 11．A．project B．concept C．schedule D．assignment 12．A．concerned B．connected C．finished D．occupied 13．A．chemicals B．time C．funds D．energy 14．A．quoted B．continued C．replied D．commented 15．A．donations B．support C．patience D．efforts 主题03 人与自我——生活与学习 Passage 1 （24-25高二下·安徽淮北·期中） When I was a little boy, I loved drawing. I 1 presented a new picture to my mother a few times a day at least. She would 2 them up on the refrigerator as I’m sure all parents do, but she quickly 3 room. When that happened, she would ask me to 4 which picture we would remove to make room for the 5 one. She would then take the removed picture and 6 me she would put it somewhere safe — a great 7 to tell a little kid so they didn’t suspect their drawing was destined (注定) for the trash can. Decades later, my mother passed away from cancer, and I was 8 for cleaning her home to prepare it to be sold. As I 9 the things in her room, I found a box stuffed full of paper. It contained every one of the 10 I’d created as a kid, separated into folders based on the 11 I was when I drew it. It was located near her bed table and had every indication of being 12 on a regular basis. She really had saved and 13 my terrible drawings all these years. I’m a fully-grown, strong military man who never shows 14 . Yet holding my own six-year-old scribblings (涂鸦) in my hands, I ended up 15 my heart out in my mother’s room. 1．A．finally B．cautiously C．proudly D．casually 2．A．match B．hang C．mix D．hand 3．A．ran out of B．made use of C．took place of D．got rid of 4．A．display B．decorate C．pick D．prepare 5．A．initial B．popular C．expensive D．new 6．A．promise B．persuade C．appreciate D．remind 7．A．speech B．policy C．investment D．lie 8．A．grateful B．responsible C．anxious D．convenient 9．A．gave away B．showed off C．sorted through D．put back 10．A．toys B．pills C．frames D．pictures 11．A．age B．theory C．volume D．principle 12．A．signed B．checked C．restored D．fixed 13．A．complained B．tolerated C．enjoyed D．commented 14．A．progress B．happiness C．decline D．weakness 15．A．crying B．singing C．moving D．burning 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $