Unit 3 Festivals across cultures 单元语法精讲巧练 -六年级英语下册单元整体优化精准练（新教材沪教版五四制）

Unit 3 Festivals across cultures单元语法讲与练 单元语法精讲 一般过去时 1. 基本概念 一般过去时表示：① 过去某个特定时间发生的动作或存在的状态；② 过去经常性、习惯性的动作；常与 yesterday, last…, …ago, just now, in 过去年份，once upon a time 等时间状语连用。 2. 核心结构（be 动词 / 实义动词） （1）含 be 动词（was /were） 句型 结构 例句 肯定句 主语 + was/were + 表语 I was at the temple fair yesterday. 否定句 主语 + wasn’t/weren’t + 表语 He wasn’t at home last night. 一般疑问句 Was/Were + 主语 + 表语？ —Were you happy? —Yes, I was./No, I wasn’t. 特殊疑问句 疑问词 + was/were + 主语？ Where were you last Spring Festival? （2）含实义动词（did 型） 句型 结构 例句 肯定句 主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他 We celebrated the festival together. 否定句 主语 + didn’t + 动词原形 I didn’t watch the show. 一般疑问句 Did + 主语 + 动词原形？ —Did you eat mooncakes? —Yes, I did./No, I didn’t. 特殊疑问句 疑问词 + did + 主语 + 动词原形？ What did you do last night? 3. 动词过去式变化规则 （1）规则变化 ① 一般直接 + ed：work → worked，visit → visited ② 以不发音 e 结尾 + d：live → lived，dance → danced ③ 辅音 + y 结尾，变 y 为 i + ed：study → studied，carry → carried ④ 重读闭音节（辅 + 元 + 辅），双写尾字母 + ed：stop → stopped，plan → planned （2）不规则变化（单元必背） eat → ate　　go → went　　see → saw　　have → had　　get → got give → gave　make → made　take → took　say → said　tell → toldbuy → bought　think → thought　sit → sat　stand → stood　find → found 4. used to do /would do（拓展考点） · used to do sth：过去常常做某事（现在不做了）例句：I used to get up late. · would do sth：过去常常（只表动作，不表状态） · be used to doing：习惯于做某事 · be used to do：被用来做某事 附：不规则动词表 A-A-A型 1. cost- cost- cost 花费 cut- cut- cut 切 put- put- put 放 hurt- hurt- hurt 伤；疼 2. hit- hit- hit 打 let- let- let 让 set- set- set 设置 shut- shut- shut 关 3. spread- spread- spread 传播 read [riːd]- read [red]- read [red] 阅读 A-A-B型 4. beat-beat-beaten 打败 A-B-A型 5. become- became- become 变成 come- came- come 来 run- ran- run 跑 A-B-B型 6. build- built- built 建造 sit- sat- sat 坐 7. bring- brought- brought 带来 buy- bought- bought 买 think- thought- thought 想 8. fight- fought- fought 战斗 find- found- found 发现 9. teach- taught- taught 教 catch- caught- caught 抓住 10. feed- fed- fed 喂 bleed- bled- bled 流血 11. feel- felt- felt 感觉 meet- met- met 遇见 12. sweep- swept- swept 扫 keep- kept- kept 保持 sleep- slept- slept 睡 13. leave- left- left 离开 lead- led- led 领导；引导 14. win- won- won 赢 shine- shone- shone 照耀 15. get- got- got 得到 shoot- shot- shot 射 lose- lost- lost 丢失；输 16. sell- sold- sold 卖 tell- told- told 告诉 17. hang- hung- hung悬挂 hold- held- held 拿着 18. have- had- had 有 make- made- made 制作 19. lend- lent- lent 借出 spend- spent- spent 度过 send- sent- sent 发送 20. stand- stood- stood 站 understand- understood- understood 理解 21. stick- stuck- stuck 粘贴 dig- dug- dug 挖 22. pay- paid- paid 支付 lay- laid- laid 放置 23. say [seɪ]- said[sed]- said[sed] 说 mean [miːn] - meant [ment] - meant [ment] 意思是 24. deal[dil]- dealt[delt]- dealt [delt] 处理 hear [hɪə]- heard [hɜːd] - heard [hɜːd] 听到 25. smell- smelled/smelt- smelled/ smelt 闻 spell-spelt/ spelled- spelt/ spelled 拼写 26. light- lit/lighted- lit/lighted 点亮 speed- sped/ speeded- sped/ speeded 加速 27. learn- learnt/ learned- learnt/learned 学习 dream- dreamt/dreamed- dreamt/dreamed 做梦 28. burn- burned/ burnt – burned/burnt 燃烧 A-B-C型 29. be(am,is,are)- was, were- been 是 do- did- done 做 go- went- gone 去 30. begin-began-begun 开始 drink-drank-drunk 喝 31. swim- swam- swum 游 ring- rang- rung 铃响 sing- sang- sung 唱 32. wake- woke- woken 醒来 awake- awoke-awoken (使)醒来 33. speak- spoke- spoken讲 break-broke-broken 打破 34. steal- stole- stolen 偷 freeze- froze-frozen 冰冻 35. choose- chose- chosen 选择 forget- forgot- forgotten 忘记 36. bear-bore-born 忍受 wear- wore- worn 穿 37. lie- lay- lain 躺 fly- flew- flown 飞 draw- drew- drawn 画 38. blow- blew-blown 吹 grow- grew- grown 生长；长大 throw- threw- thrown 扔 39. drive- drove- driven 驾驶 rise- rose- risen 升起 write- wrote- written 写 40. ride- rode- ridden 骑 hide- hid- hidden 躲藏 41. eat- ate- eaten 吃 fall- fell- fallen 落下；跌倒 42. give- gave- given 给 know- knew- known 知道 43. take- took- taken 拿 mistake- mistook- mistaken 弄错 44. see- saw- seen 看见 show- showed- shown 展示 【单元语法核心要点总结】 要点 具体内容 单元例句 定义 表示过去发生的动作、存在的状态或过去的习惯 She celebrated the Mid-Autumn Festival with her friends last year.（她去年和朋友一起过了中秋节） 基本构成 肯定句：主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他否定句：主语 + did not（didn’t） + 动词原形 + 其他一般疑问句：Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？ - He watched fireworks on New Year’s Eve.（肯定）- They didn’t go to the lantern show.（否定）- Did you eat zongzi last Dragon Boat Festival?（疑问） 规则动词过去式变化 1. 一般动词 + ed（walk→walked）2. 以e结尾 + d（live→lived）3. 重读闭音节双写尾字母 + ed（stop→stopped）4. 辅音+y结尾变y为i + ed（cry→cried） 单元高频规则动词：celebrate→celebrated、decorate→decorated、watch→watched 常见不规则动词 需特殊记忆，单元高频：eat→ate、go→went、see→saw、get→got、give→gave、have→had I ate tangyuan and watched the lantern show last Lantern Festival.（我去年元宵节吃了汤圆、看了灯笼展） ①一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。 如 yesterday，the day before yesterday，last week，in 2015，three days ago，the other day，just now，at the moment，this morning，once upon a time，long long ago。 —What did you do yesterday? 昨天你做了什么？ —I went swimming. 我去游泳了。 ②表示过去经常性或习惯性发生的动作。 When I was at middle school, I often went to school by bike. 我读中学时经常骑自行车去学校。 ①实义动词 肯定句：主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他. I went to the cinema yesterday. 我昨天看了电影。 否定句：主语 + didn’t + 动词原形 + 其他。 I didn’t go to the cinema yesterday. 我昨天没看电影。 一般疑问句及其回答：Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他? 肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + did. 否定回答：No, 主语 + didn’t / did not. —Did you go to the cinema yesterday? 你昨天去看电影了吗？ —Yes, I did./No, I didn’t. 是的，我去了。/ 不，我没去。 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其他？ —Where did you go yesterday? 你昨天去哪儿了？ —I went to the cinema yesterday. 我昨天去看电影了。 ② be 动词 肯定句：主语 + was/were + 其他. I was at home yesterday. 我昨天在家。 否定句：主语 + wasn’t/weren’t + 其他. I wasn’t at home yesterday. 我昨天没在家。 一般疑问句及其回答：Were/Was + 主语 + 其他? —Were you at home yesterday? 你昨天在家吗？ —Yes, I was. / No, I wasn’t. 是的，我在家。/ 不，我不在家。 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + were/was + 主语 + 其他? —Where were you yesterday? 你昨天在哪？ —I was at home yesterday. 我昨天在家。 （1）表示在过去某个时间所发生的动作或所处的状态。常与yesterday, last week, in 1989, just now, a moment ago, the other day等连用。 He was here just now. 他刚才还在这里。 What did you do yesterday? 你昨天做了什么事? （2）在过去一段时间内的经常性或习惯性动作。 We often played together when we were children. 我们小时候常在一起玩。 注意：表示过去经常发生的动作还可用used to和would。 He used to smoke a lot, but he doesn’t now. 他过去经常抽烟，但现在不抽了。 Whenever we were in trouble, he would help us. 每当我们遇到困难，他都会帮助我们。 （3）表示主语过去的特征或性格。 At that time she was very good at English. 那时她英语学得很好。 （4）用在状语从句中表示过去将来。 He said he would wait until they came back. （5）一般过去时有时可以表示现在，多与 want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等连用，使语气更委婉。 I wondered if you could help me. 不知你能不能帮我一下。 有时用一般过去时也是时态一致的需要。 I didn’t know you were here. 我不知道你在这里。 注意： （1）表示一系列的动作，尽管有先后，都用一般过去时，最后两个动词之间用and连结。 He opened the door, rushed out and then disappeared. 他打开门，冲了出去，然后就消失了。 （2）注意在语境中理解＂我刚才/原来还不……＂。 —Your phone number again? I didn’t quite catch it. 请再说一次你的电话号码，好吗？我刚才没听清楚。 —It’s 2566666. 是2566666。 语法巩固训练 Part 1 【基础训练】 （一）单项选择题（共 20 题） 1. —Where ______ you last Mid-Autumn Festival? —I ______ at my grandparents’ home. A. was; was　B. were; was　C. are; am　D. was; were 2. They ______ a wonderful dragon boat race last Sunday. A. watch　B. watches　C. watched　D. will watch 3. My mother ______ mooncakes for us yesterday evening. A. make　B. makes　C. made　D. making 4. —Did you ______ the lantern show last night? —Yes, I ______. A. see; did　B. saw; did　C. see; do　D. saw; do 5. He ______ to the cinema last week because he was busy. A. didn’t go　B. don’t go　C. doesn’t go　D. didn’t went 6. There ______ a big party in our school last Children’s Day. A. is　B. are　C. was　D. were 7. She ______ very happy when she got many gifts. A. is　B. are　C. was　D. were 8．Janet _______ a new skirt for her daughter as a birthday gift two days ago. A．buys B．buy C．bought D．will buy 9. We ______ to the countryside to pick apples three days ago. A. go　B. goes　C. went　D. are going 10. My father ______ TV after dinner yesterday, but now he walks. A. watched　B. watches　C. watch　D. watching 11. —Were you at home yesterday afternoon? —No, I ______. I ______ to the library. A. wasn’t; went　B. weren’t; went　C. wasn’t; go　D. weren’t; go 12. They ______ any dumplings at the restaurant last night. A. don’t eat　B. didn’t ate　C. didn’t eat　D. aren’t eat 13. I ______ born in 2012, and my sister ______ born in 2015. A. was; was　B. were; was　C. was; were　D. were; were 14. —How ______ your last National Day holiday? —It was great! A. is　B. are　C. was　D. were 15. She used to ______ up early, but now she gets up late. A. get　B. gets　C. got　D. getting 16. The students ______ many photos in the park last Friday. A. take　B. takes　C. took　D. are taking 17. —Did your sister enjoy the concert last night? —Yes, she ______. A. do　B. does　C. did　D. was 18. He ______ his homework at school yesterday, so he went home early. A. finish　B. finishes　C. finished　D. finishing 19. My grandparents ______ in the countryside many years ago. A. live　B. lives　C. lived　D. living 20. We ______ any fireworks last Spring Festival because of the weather. A. didn’t watch　B. didn’t watched　C. don’t watch　D. aren’t watch （二）完成句子（共 20 题） 1. 我去年春节和家人一起吃了年夜饭。 I ______ a big dinner with my family last Spring Festival. 2. 他们昨天没有去看龙舟比赛。 They ______ ______ the dragon boat race yesterday. 3. 你上周六去看望你的祖父母了吗？ ______ you ______ your grandparents last Saturday? 4. 去年中秋节她吃了月饼并赏了月。 She ______ mooncakes and ______ the full moon last Mid-Autumn Festival. 5. 我小时候常常晚起。 I ______ ______ ______ up late when I was young. 6. 昨天晚上电影院里有很多人。 There ______ many people in the cinema last night. 7. 他上周末做什么了？ ______ ______ he ______ last weekend? 8. 我们三年前参观了那个有趣的博物馆。 We ______ that interesting museum three years ago. 9. 她昨天不在家，她在学校。 She ______ at home yesterday. She ______ at school. 10. 我刚才把书落在教室里了。 I ______ my book in the classroom just now. 11. 去年暑假他们去北京旅行了。 They ______ ______ a trip to Beijing last summer holiday. 12. 我妈妈昨天没有给我买巧克力。 My mother ______ ______ me chocolate yesterday. 13. 你们昨天在公园玩得开心吗？ ______ you ______ a good time in the park yesterday? 14. 他过去常常在晚饭后看电视。 He ______ ______ ______ TV after dinner. 15. 上周一我们举行了一次班级聚会。 We ______ a class party last Monday. 16. 今天早上我起床晚了，所以我没吃早饭。 I ______ up late this morning, so I ______ ______ breakfast. 17. 昨天谁和你一起去购物了？ ______ ______ shopping with you yesterday? 18. 我们上个月种了很多树。 We ______ many trees last month. 19. 她五岁时会游泳吗？ ______ she swim when she ______ five years old? 20. 昨晚我读了一本关于节日的有趣的书。 I ______ an interesting book about festivals last night. （三）句子翻译（共 10 题） 1. 去年端午节我吃了粽子，还看了龙舟赛。 2. 昨天晚上你在哪里？我在家里。 3. 他们上周没有打扫教室。 4. 你上周末做什么了？我拜访了我的亲戚。 5. 我过去常常和朋友们一起去购物中心。 6. 三年前他是一名小学生。 7. 昨天她给我讲了一个关于节日的有趣故事。 8. 你们昨天在学校吃午饭了吗？ 9. 我妈妈昨天下午为春节做了很多好吃的食物。 10. 他刚才没有看到墙上的标志。 Part 2 【提升训练】 一、用所给动词的适当形式填空 1. Jim _____(break) a pen the day before yesterday. 2. Father often ____ (tell) us his stories on summer evenings when he was alive. 3. A few years ago, there ________(be) only old houses. 4. Where ________they ________(has) sports last year? 5. My mother and I ______(speak) at the meeting yesterday. 6. How many apples _______you _________(buy) yesterday. 7. ______(be) they all here yesterday? ------No, they _____. 8. Paul went upstairs（上楼） and ____(knock) at the door. 9. I tried to catch the ball, but I _____(miss错过) it. 10. My sister ____(not do) her homework yesterday. 11. ___Mr. Beckman ___(draw) a picture last month ? ------No, he ___ 12. Jim often ____(go) to school at seven ,but he __(go) to school at seven ten this morning. 13. Kate ______(play) ping-pong every week. 14. My uncle in London _____ (send) a birthday present to me yesterday. 15. ---When ____ (be) you born? ---I ___ born in 2012. 二、短文填空 Last Sunday, my parents ______(be) not at home, so I _____(look) after my 5-year-old sister at home. In the morning, I______(tell) her many funny and interesting stories. Then we ___(sing) and ____(play) the guitar together. I also ____(teach) her some simple English words and she ____(learn) well. At noon, I ____(cook)noodles with tomatoes and eggs. She __(say) the noodles were so delicious that she _____(eat) them all. In the afternoon, we ____ (have)a good time playing games. It ______(be) very relaxing. All in all, I_____(feel) a little tired, but I was happy to spend a nice day with my sister. 三、完成句子 1．I, the, morning, to, in, up, used, late, get (连词成句) . 2．The ruler of Chu agreed to send an army. (改为否定句) The ruler of Chu to send an army. 3．main, the, character, after, fell in love with, watching, movie, I, the (连词成句) . 4．We cleaned the pigsty in the afternoon. (改为否定句) We the pigsty in the afternoon. 5．My friend sent me some beautiful flowers for my birthday.(对划线部分提问) your friend you for your birthday? 6．new leader, he, became, to, as soon as, he, the, river, gave, the, the, cross, order (连词成句) 7．One day, Zhao couldn’t win against Qin’s army and asked for help from Chu. (保持句意基本不变) One day, Zhao couldn’t win against Qin’s army and Chu for help. 8．Lisa liked swimming better than running.（保持句意不变） Lisa swimming running. 9．soy sauce, I, to, added, the beef, a little. (连词成句) 10．He grew the world’s first hybrid rice plants in 1973.（改为否定句） He the world’s first hybrid rice plants in 1973. 第 1 页 共 1 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 Festivals across cultures单元语法讲与练 单元语法精讲 一般过去时 1. 基本概念 一般过去时表示：① 过去某个特定时间发生的动作或存在的状态；② 过去经常性、习惯性的动作；常与 yesterday, last…, …ago, just now, in 过去年份，once upon a time 等时间状语连用。 2. 核心结构（be 动词 / 实义动词） （1）含 be 动词（was /were） 句型 结构 例句 肯定句 主语 + was/were + 表语 I was at the temple fair yesterday. 否定句 主语 + wasn’t/weren’t + 表语 He wasn’t at home last night. 一般疑问句 Was/Were + 主语 + 表语？ —Were you happy? —Yes, I was./No, I wasn’t. 特殊疑问句 疑问词 + was/were + 主语？ Where were you last Spring Festival? （2）含实义动词（did 型） 句型 结构 例句 肯定句 主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他 We celebrated the festival together. 否定句 主语 + didn’t + 动词原形 I didn’t watch the show. 一般疑问句 Did + 主语 + 动词原形？ —Did you eat mooncakes? —Yes, I did./No, I didn’t. 特殊疑问句 疑问词 + did + 主语 + 动词原形？ What did you do last night? 3. 动词过去式变化规则 （1）规则变化 ① 一般直接 + ed：work → worked，visit → visited ② 以不发音 e 结尾 + d：live → lived，dance → danced ③ 辅音 + y 结尾，变 y 为 i + ed：study → studied，carry → carried ④ 重读闭音节（辅 + 元 + 辅），双写尾字母 + ed：stop → stopped，plan → planned （2）不规则变化（单元必背） eat → ate　　go → went　　see → saw　　have → had　　get → got give → gave　make → made　take → took　say → said　tell → toldbuy → bought　think → thought　sit → sat　stand → stood　find → found 4. used to do /would do（拓展考点） · used to do sth：过去常常做某事（现在不做了）例句：I used to get up late. · would do sth：过去常常（只表动作，不表状态） · be used to doing：习惯于做某事 · be used to do：被用来做某事 附：不规则动词表 A-A-A型 1. cost- cost- cost 花费 cut- cut- cut 切 put- put- put 放 hurt- hurt- hurt 伤；疼 2. hit- hit- hit 打 let- let- let 让 set- set- set 设置 shut- shut- shut 关 3. spread- spread- spread 传播 read [riːd]- read [red]- read [red] 阅读 A-A-B型 4. beat-beat-beaten 打败 A-B-A型 5. become- became- become 变成 come- came- come 来 run- ran- run 跑 A-B-B型 6. build- built- built 建造 sit- sat- sat 坐 7. bring- brought- brought 带来 buy- bought- bought 买 think- thought- thought 想 8. fight- fought- fought 战斗 find- found- found 发现 9. teach- taught- taught 教 catch- caught- caught 抓住 10. feed- fed- fed 喂 bleed- bled- bled 流血 11. feel- felt- felt 感觉 meet- met- met 遇见 12. sweep- swept- swept 扫 keep- kept- kept 保持 sleep- slept- slept 睡 13. leave- left- left 离开 lead- led- led 领导；引导 14. win- won- won 赢 shine- shone- shone 照耀 15. get- got- got 得到 shoot- shot- shot 射 lose- lost- lost 丢失；输 16. sell- sold- sold 卖 tell- told- told 告诉 17. hang- hung- hung悬挂 hold- held- held 拿着 18. have- had- had 有 make- made- made 制作 19. lend- lent- lent 借出 spend- spent- spent 度过 send- sent- sent 发送 20. stand- stood- stood 站 understand- understood- understood 理解 21. stick- stuck- stuck 粘贴 dig- dug- dug 挖 22. pay- paid- paid 支付 lay- laid- laid 放置 23. say [seɪ]- said[sed]- said[sed] 说 mean [miːn] - meant [ment] - meant [ment] 意思是 24. deal[dil]- dealt[delt]- dealt [delt] 处理 hear [hɪə]- heard [hɜːd] - heard [hɜːd] 听到 25. smell- smelled/smelt- smelled/ smelt 闻 spell-spelt/ spelled- spelt/ spelled 拼写 26. light- lit/lighted- lit/lighted 点亮 speed- sped/ speeded- sped/ speeded 加速 27. learn- learnt/ learned- learnt/learned 学习 dream- dreamt/dreamed- dreamt/dreamed 做梦 28. burn- burned/ burnt – burned/burnt 燃烧 A-B-C型 29. be(am,is,are)- was, were- been 是 do- did- done 做 go- went- gone 去 30. begin-began-begun 开始 drink-drank-drunk 喝 31. swim- swam- swum 游 ring- rang- rung 铃响 sing- sang- sung 唱 32. wake- woke- woken 醒来 awake- awoke-awoken (使)醒来 33. speak- spoke- spoken讲 break-broke-broken 打破 34. steal- stole- stolen 偷 freeze- froze-frozen 冰冻 35. choose- chose- chosen 选择 forget- forgot- forgotten 忘记 36. bear-bore-born 忍受 wear- wore- worn 穿 37. lie- lay- lain 躺 fly- flew- flown 飞 draw- drew- drawn 画 38. blow- blew-blown 吹 grow- grew- grown 生长；长大 throw- threw- thrown 扔 39. drive- drove- driven 驾驶 rise- rose- risen 升起 write- wrote- written 写 40. ride- rode- ridden 骑 hide- hid- hidden 躲藏 41. eat- ate- eaten 吃 fall- fell- fallen 落下；跌倒 42. give- gave- given 给 know- knew- known 知道 43. take- took- taken 拿 mistake- mistook- mistaken 弄错 44. see- saw- seen 看见 show- showed- shown 展示 【单元语法核心要点总结】 要点 具体内容 单元例句 定义 表示过去发生的动作、存在的状态或过去的习惯 She celebrated the Mid-Autumn Festival with her friends last year.（她去年和朋友一起过了中秋节） 基本构成 肯定句：主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他否定句：主语 + did not（didn’t） + 动词原形 + 其他一般疑问句：Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？ - He watched fireworks on New Year’s Eve.（肯定）- They didn’t go to the lantern show.（否定）- Did you eat zongzi last Dragon Boat Festival?（疑问） 规则动词过去式变化 1. 一般动词 + ed（walk→walked）2. 以e结尾 + d（live→lived）3. 重读闭音节双写尾字母 + ed（stop→stopped）4. 辅音+y结尾变y为i + ed（cry→cried） 单元高频规则动词：celebrate→celebrated、decorate→decorated、watch→watched 常见不规则动词 需特殊记忆，单元高频：eat→ate、go→went、see→saw、get→got、give→gave、have→had I ate tangyuan and watched the lantern show last Lantern Festival.（我去年元宵节吃了汤圆、看了灯笼展） 1. 一般过去时的定义 ①一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。 如 yesterday，the day before yesterday，last week，in 2015，three days ago，the other day，just now，at the moment，this morning，once upon a time，long long ago。 —What did you do yesterday? 昨天你做了什么？ —I went swimming. 我去游泳了。 ②表示过去经常性或习惯性发生的动作。 When I was at middle school, I often went to school by bike. 我读中学时经常骑自行车去学校。 2. 一般过去时的基本结构 ①实义动词 肯定句：主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他. I went to the cinema yesterday. 我昨天看了电影。 否定句：主语 + didn’t + 动词原形 + 其他。 I didn’t go to the cinema yesterday. 我昨天没看电影。 一般疑问句及其回答：Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他? 肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + did. 否定回答：No, 主语 + didn’t / did not. —Did you go to the cinema yesterday? 你昨天去看电影了吗？ —Yes, I did./No, I didn’t. 是的，我去了。/ 不，我没去。 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其他？ —Where did you go yesterday? 你昨天去哪儿了？ —I went to the cinema yesterday. 我昨天去看电影了。 ② be 动词 肯定句：主语 + was/were + 其他. I was at home yesterday. 我昨天在家。 否定句：主语 + wasn’t/weren’t + 其他. I wasn’t at home yesterday. 我昨天没在家。 一般疑问句及其回答：Were/Was + 主语 + 其他? —Were you at home yesterday? 你昨天在家吗？ —Yes, I was. / No, I wasn’t. 是的，我在家。/ 不，我不在家。 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + were/was + 主语 + 其他? —Where were you yesterday? 你昨天在哪？ —I was at home yesterday. 我昨天在家。 3. 一般过去时的用法 （1）表示在过去某个时间所发生的动作或所处的状态。常与yesterday, last week, in 1989, just now, a moment ago, the other day等连用。 He was here just now. 他刚才还在这里。 What did you do yesterday? 你昨天做了什么事? （2）在过去一段时间内的经常性或习惯性动作。 We often played together when we were children. 我们小时候常在一起玩。 注意：表示过去经常发生的动作还可用used to和would。 He used to smoke a lot, but he doesn’t now. 他过去经常抽烟，但现在不抽了。 Whenever we were in trouble, he would help us. 每当我们遇到困难，他都会帮助我们。 （3）表示主语过去的特征或性格。 At that time she was very good at English. 那时她英语学得很好。 （4）用在状语从句中表示过去将来。 He said he would wait until they came back. （5）一般过去时有时可以表示现在，多与 want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等连用，使语气更委婉。 I wondered if you could help me. 不知你能不能帮我一下。 有时用一般过去时也是时态一致的需要。 I didn’t know you were here. 我不知道你在这里。 注意： （1）表示一系列的动作，尽管有先后，都用一般过去时，最后两个动词之间用and连结。 He opened the door, rushed out and then disappeared. 他打开门，冲了出去，然后就消失了。 （2）注意在语境中理解＂我刚才/原来还不……＂。 —Your phone number again? I didn’t quite catch it. 请再说一次你的电话号码，好吗？我刚才没听清楚。 —It’s 2566666. 是2566666。 语法巩固训练 Part 1 【基础训练】 （一）单项选择题（共 20 题） 1. —Where ______ you last Mid-Autumn Festival? —I ______ at my grandparents’ home. A. was; was　B. were; was　C. are; am　D. was; were 【答案】B **【详解】** 第一空主语是 you，过去式用 were；第二空主语是 I，用 was。 2. They ______ a wonderful dragon boat race last Sunday. A. watch　B. watches　C. watched　D. will watch 【答案】C **【详解】**last Sunday 是过去时间，动词用过去式 watched。 3. My mother ______ mooncakes for us yesterday evening. A. make　B. makes　C. made　D. making 【答案】C **【详解】**yesterday evening 提示一般过去时，make 过去式为 made。 4. —Did you ______ the lantern show last night? —Yes, I ______. A. see; did　B. saw; did　C. see; do　D. saw; do 【答案】A **【详解】** 助动词 Did 后接动词原形 see；肯定回答用 Yes, I did。 5. He ______ to the cinema last week because he was busy. A. didn’t go　B. don’t go　C. doesn’t go　D. didn’t went 【答案】A **【详解】**last week 用一般过去时，否定式 didn’t + 动词原形 go。 6. There ______ a big party in our school last Children’s Day. A. is　B. are　C. was　D. were 【答案】C **【详解】**last Children’s Day 为过去时间，a big party 是单数，用 was。 7. She ______ very happy when she got many gifts. A. is　B. are　C. was　D. were 【答案】C **【详解】**got 提示过去时，主语 she 用 was。 8．Janet _______ a new skirt for her daughter as a birthday gift two days ago. A．buys B．buy C．bought D．will buy 【答案】C 【详解】句意：珍妮特两天前给女儿买了一条新裙子作为生日礼物。. 考查动词时态。buys 买，一般性现在时单三形式；buy 买，原形；bought 买，过去式；will buy 买，一般将来时结构。根据语境“two days ago”可知，是一般过去时，所以用过去式。故 选 C。 9. We ______ to the countryside to pick apples three days ago. A. go　B. goes　C. went　D. are going 【答案】C **【详解】**three days ago 是过去时间，go 过去式为 went。 10. My father ______ TV after dinner yesterday, but now he walks. A. watched　B. watches　C. watch　D. watching 【答案】A **【详解】**yesterday 提示过去时，用 watched。 11. —Were you at home yesterday afternoon? —No, I ______. I ______ to the library. A. wasn’t; went　B. weren’t; went　C. wasn’t; go　D. weren’t; go 【答案】A **【详解】**I 对应 wasn’t；“去图书馆” 是过去动作，用 went。 12. They ______ any dumplings at the restaurant last night. A. don’t eat　B. didn’t ate　C. didn’t eat　D. aren’t eat 【答案】C **【详解】**last night 用 didn’t + 动词原形 eat。 13. I ______ born in 2012, and my sister ______ born in 2015. A. was; was　B. were; was　C. was; were　D. were; were 【答案】A **【详解】**be born 用一般过去时，I /sister 均用 was。 14. —How ______ your last National Day holiday? —It was great! A. is　B. are　C. was　D. were 【答案】C **【详解】**last holiday 为单数，用 was。 15. She used to ______ up early, but now she gets up late. A. get　B. gets　C. got　D. getting 【答案】A **【详解】**used to 后接动词原形 get。 16. The students ______ many photos in the park last Friday. A. take　B. takes　C. took　D. are taking 【答案】C **【详解】**last Friday 用过去式 took。 17. —Did your sister enjoy the concert last night? —Yes, she ______. A. do　B. does　C. did　D. was 【答案】C **【详解】**Did 开头的一般疑问句，肯定回答用 did。 18. He ______ his homework at school yesterday, so he went home early. A. finish　B. finishes　C. finished　D. finishing 【答案】C **【详解】**yesterday 提示过去时，用 finished。 19. My grandparents ______ in the countryside many years ago. A. live　B. lives　C. lived　D. living 【答案】C **【详解】**many years ago 用过去式 lived。 20. We ______ any fireworks last Spring Festival because of the weather. A. didn’t watch　B. didn’t watched　C. don’t watch　D. aren’t watch 【答案】A **【详解】**last Spring Festival 用 didn’t + 动词原形 watch。 （二）完成句子（共 20 题） 1. 我去年春节和家人一起吃了年夜饭。 I ______ a big dinner with my family last Spring Festival. 【答案】had/ate **【详解】**last Spring Festival 用一般过去时。 2. 他们昨天没有去看龙舟比赛。 They ______ ______ the dragon boat race yesterday. 【答案】didn’t watch **【详解】** 过去时否定：didn’t + 动词原形。 3. 你上周六去看望你的祖父母了吗？ ______ you ______ your grandparents last Saturday? 【答案】Did; visit **【详解】**Did 开头，后接动词原形 visit。 4. 去年中秋节她吃了月饼并赏了月。 She ______ mooncakes and ______ the full moon last Mid-Autumn Festival. 【答案】ate; watched **【详解】** 两个动作都用过去式。 5. 我小时候常常晚起。 I ______ ______ ______ up late when I was young. 【答案】used to get **【详解】**used to do sth 过去常常。 6. 昨天晚上电影院里有很多人。 There ______ many people in the cinema last night. 【答案】were **【详解】**many people 复数，用 were。 7. 他上周末做什么了？ ______ ______ he ______ last weekend? 【答案】What did; do **【详解】** 特殊疑问句：疑问词 + did + 主语 + 动原。 8. 我们三年前参观了那个有趣的博物馆。 We ______ that interesting museum three years ago. 【答案】visited **【详解】**three years ago 用过去式。 9. 她昨天不在家，她在学校。 She ______ at home yesterday. She ______ at school. 【答案】wasn’t; was **【详解】**is 的过去式否定 wasn’t；肯定 was。 10. 我刚才把书落在教室里了。 I ______ my book in the classroom just now. 【答案】left **【详解】**just now 用过去式 left。 11. 去年暑假他们去北京旅行了。 They ______ ______ a trip to Beijing last summer holiday. 【答案】went on **【详解】**go on a trip 去旅行，过去式 went。 12. 我妈妈昨天没有给我买巧克力。 My mother ______ ______ me chocolate yesterday. 【答案】didn’t buy **【详解】** 过去时否定 didn’t + 动词原形。 13. 你们昨天在公园玩得开心吗？ ______ you ______ a good time in the park yesterday? 【答案】Did; have **【详解】**have a good time 玩得开心，Did 提问。 14. 他过去常常在晚饭后看电视。 He ______ ______ ______ TV after dinner. 【答案】used to watch **【详解】**used to do 过去常常。 15. 上周一我们举行了一次班级聚会。 We ______ a class party last Monday. 【答案】had/held **【详解】**have/hold a party 举办聚会，用过去式。 16. 今天早上我起床晚了，所以我没吃早饭。 I ______ up late this morning, so I ______ ______ breakfast. 【答案】got; didn’t eat/had **【详解】**get up 过去式 got；后半句否定用 didn’t eat。 17. 昨天谁和你一起去购物了？ ______ ______ shopping with you yesterday? 【答案】Who went **【详解】**who 作主语，直接用过去式 went。 18. 我们上个月种了很多树。 We ______ many trees last month. 【答案】planted **【详解】**last month 用过去式 planted。 19. 她五岁时会游泳吗？ ______ she swim when she ______ five years old? 【答案】Could; was **【详解】**can 过去式 could；be 动词用 was。 20. 昨晚我读了一本关于节日的有趣的书。 I ______ an interesting book about festivals last night. 【答案】read **【详解】**read 过去式还是 read。 （三）句子翻译（共 10 题） 1. 去年端午节我吃了粽子，还看了龙舟赛。 【答案】I ate zongzi and watched dragon boat races last Dragon Boat Festival. **【详解】** 两个过去动作并列，都用过去式。 2. 昨天晚上你在哪里？我在家里。 【答案】Where were you last night? I was at home. **【详解】**be 动词过去式：were /was。 3. 他们上周没有打扫教室。 【答案】They didn’t clean the classroom last week. **【详解】** 过去时否定：didn’t + 动词原形。 4. 你上周末做什么了？我拜访了我的亲戚。 【答案】What did you do last weekend? I visited my relatives. **【详解】** 特殊疑问句 + 一般过去时回答。 5. 我过去常常和朋友们一起去购物中心。 【答案】I used to go to the shopping mall with my friends. **【详解】**used to do 结构。 6. 三年前他是一名小学生。 【答案】He was a primary school student three years ago. **【详解】**three years ago 用 was。 7. 昨天她给我讲了一个关于节日的有趣故事。 【答案】She told me an interesting story about festivals yesterday. **【详解】**tell 过去式 told。 8. 你们昨天在学校吃午饭了吗？ 【答案】Did you have lunch at school yesterday? **【详解】**Did 开头一般疑问句。 9. 我妈妈昨天下午为春节做了很多好吃的食物。 【答案】My mother cooked much delicious food for the Spring Festival yesterday afternoon. **【详解】**cook 过去式 cooked。 10. 他刚才没有看到墙上的标志。 【答案】He didn’t see the sign on the wall just now. **【详解】**just now 用一般过去时否定。 Part 2 【提升训练】 一、用所给动词的适当形式填空 1. Jim ___broke__(break) a pen the day before yesterday. 2. Father often ___told_ (tell) us his stories on summer evenings when he was alive. 3. A few years ago, there ____were____(be) only old houses. 4. Where _____did___they _____have___(has) sports last year? 5. My mother and I ___spoke___(speak) at the meeting yesterday. 6. How many apples ____did___you ______buy___(buy) yesterday. 7. ____Were__(be) they all here yesterday? ------No, they ___weren’t__. 8. Paul went upstairs（上楼） and __knocked__(knock) at the door. 9. I tried to catch the ball, but I __missed___(miss错过) it. 10. My sister __didn’t do__(not do) her homework yesterday. 11. __Did_Mr. Beckman __draw_(draw) a picture last month ? ------No, he __didn’t_ 12. Jim often __goes__(go) to school at seven ,but he _went_(go) to school at seven ten this morning. 13. Kate ___plays___(play) ping-pong every week. 14. My uncle in London ___sent__ (send) a birthday present to me yesterday. 15. ---When __were__ (be) you born? ---I __was_ born in 2012. 二、短文填空 Last Sunday, my parents ___were___(be) not at home, so I __looked___(look) after my 5-year-old sister at home. In the morning, I___told___(tell) her many funny and interesting stories. Then we _sang__(sing) and __played__(play) the guitar together. I also __taught__(teach) her some simple English words and she __learnt__(learn) well. At noon, I __cooked__(cook)noodles with tomatoes and eggs. She _said__(say) the noodles were so delicious that she ___ate___(eat) them all. In the afternoon, we __had__ (have)a good time playing games. It __was____(be) very relaxing. All in all, I___felt__(feel) a little tired, but I was happy to spend a nice day with my sister. 三、完成句子 1．I, the, morning, to, in, up, used, late, get (连词成句) . 【答案】I used to get up late in the morning. 【详解】根据所给单词及标点符号可知，此句为肯定句，时态为一般过去时。I“我”，作主语；used to do sth.“过去常常做某事”，固定搭配；get up“起床”，作谓语；late“晚”，作状语，修饰动词短语get up；in the morning“在早上”，作时间状语。故填I used to get up late in the morning“我过去早上常常起得很晚”。 2．The ruler of Chu agreed to send an army. (改为否定句) The ruler of Chu to send an army. 【答案】 didn’t agree 【详解】句意：楚国的统治者同意派遣一支军队。句子为一般过去时，谓语动词agreed是实义动词，改为否定句需要借助助动词did，后加not (缩写为didn’t)，动词agreed改为原形agree。故填didn’t；agree。 3．main, the, character, after, fell in love with, watching, movie, I, the (连词成句) . 【答案】I fell in love with the main character after watching the movie. 【详解】根据所给标点和单词可知，本句是一般过去时的陈述句。句子结构为主语（I）+ 谓语（fell in love with）+ 宾语（the main character）+ 时间状语（after watching the movie）；“fall in love with”是固定短语，意为“爱上”，fall的过去式是fell，“after”后接动名词形式watching，作时间状语置于句末。故填I fell in love with the main character after watching the movie“看完这部电影后，我爱上了主角”。 4．We cleaned the pigsty in the afternoon. (改为否定句) We the pigsty in the afternoon. 【答案】 didn’t clean 【详解】句意：我们下午打扫了猪圈。句子为一般过去时，谓语动词cleaned是实义动词，改为否定句需要借助助动词didn’t，动词cleaned改为原形clean。故填didn’t；clean。 5．My friend sent me some beautiful flowers for my birthday.(对划线部分提问) your friend you for your birthday? 【答案】 What did send 【详解】句意：我的朋友送了我一些漂亮的花作为生日礼物。下划线部分“some beautiful flowers”是“send”的宾语（事物），对事物提问用特殊疑问词“what”；原句是一般过去时，需借助助动词“did”，后接动词原形“send”，整合为“What did your friend send you for your birthday?”故填What；did；send。 6．new leader, he, became, to, as soon as, he, the, river, gave, the, the, cross, order (连词成句) 【答案】As soon as he became the new leader, he gave the order to cross the river. 【详解】根据所给单词可知，本句为复合句。“As soon as”意为“一……就……”，引导时间状语从句；“he became the new leader”为从句部分，意为“他成为新的领导者”；“he”为主句主语；“gave the order”为主句谓语和宾语；“to cross the river”为动词不定式短语作定语，修饰“the order”。故填As soon as he became the new leader, he gave the order to cross the river. “他一成为新的领导者，就下达了渡河的命令”。 7．One day, Zhao couldn’t win against Qin’s army and asked for help from Chu. (保持句意基本不变) One day, Zhao couldn’t win against Qin’s army and Chu for help. 【答案】 turned to 【详解】句意：一天，赵国无法战胜秦国的军队，向楚国求助。结合原句“ask for help from sb.”及空格数可知，原句时态为一般过去时，“向……求助”的英文表达也可以是“turn to sb. for help”，且时态不变，则此处也应用turn的过去式作谓语。故填turned；to。 8．Lisa liked swimming better than running.（保持句意不变） Lisa swimming running. 【答案】 preferred to 【详解】句意：丽莎喜欢游泳胜过跑步。“like A better than B”表示“喜欢A胜过B”，其同义短语是“prefer A to B”，表示“更喜欢A而不是B”；根据“liked”可知，原句是一般过去时，因此“prefer”需用过去式“preferred”。故填preferred；to。 9．soy sauce, I, to, added, the beef, a little. (连词成句) 【答案】I added a little soy sauce to the beef. 【详解】分析所给词和标点符号可知，本句是主谓宾结构的肯定句。主语是I“我”，谓语是added“加了”，宾语是a little soy sauce“一点酱油”，介词短语to the beef“往牛肉里”作补语。故填I added a little soy sauce to the beef.“我往牛肉里加了一点酱油。” 10．He grew the world’s first hybrid rice plants in 1973.（改为否定句） He the world’s first hybrid rice plants in 1973. 【答案】 didn’t grow 【详解】句意：1973 年，他培育出了世界上第一批杂交水稻。“grew”是动词过去式，否定形式借助于助动词didn’t，后接动词原形grow，故填didn’t；grow。 第 1 页 共 1 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $