专题01 阅读理解记叙文（大题专练）（北京专用）2026年高考英语终极冲刺讲练测

专题01 阅读理解记叙文 目录 析典例·建模型 6 （2025·北京卷·高考真题·B篇） 6 研考点·通技法 6 破类题·提能力 7 （2026·东城期末） 7 析典例·建模型 8 （2025·北京卷·高考真题·B篇） 8 研考点·通技法 9 破类题·提能力 9 （2025年·海淀·一模） 9 刷模拟 10 （2025年·西城·一模） 10 （2025年·东城·一模） 11 （2025年·朝阳·一模） 13 （2026年·昌平·期末） 14 刷真题 16 2025年北京卷B篇 16 2024年北京卷B篇 17 2023年北京卷B篇 18 2022年北京卷B篇 20 2021年北京卷B篇 21 内容导航 【命题解码·定方向】命题趋势+3年高考真题热点角度拆解 【解题建模·通技法】析典例，建模型，技法贯通破类题/变式 【实战刷题·冲高分】精选高考大题+名校模拟题，强化实战能力，得高分 命题·趋势·定位 一、选材特点 北京卷阅读B篇的选材具有高度的统一性、针对性和导向性，是高考英语“立德树人”命题导向与语言能力考查的结合体，核心特征如下： 1. 文体固定：第一人称亲历式记叙文 五年真题均为第一人称视角的个人经历叙事，作者以自身真实（或拟真实）的成长、实践、尝试经历为写作素材，无说明文、议论文、夹叙夹议文等其他文体，叙事口吻亲切，情节贴近青少年生活。 2. 主题聚焦：青少年成长与正向价值引领 选材主题均围绕青少年个人成长展开，涵盖重新定义成功、突破自我心理障碍、正确面对挫折与拒绝、克服焦虑并抓住机会、摒弃刻板印象参与公益等方向，传递积极向上的人生态度，贴合高考“立德树人”核心要求，无偏题、冷题。 3. 难度适中：考纲内词汇+常规句式，无超纲障碍 语篇词汇均在高考英语考纲范围内，少量派生词、合成词可通过构词法推断；句式以简单句和并列复合句为主，长难句占比低且多为定语从句、状语从句等基础复合句，阅读障碍主要集中在语篇逻辑理解，而非语言知识本身。 4. 篇幅稳定：短篇叙事，情节完整且无冗余 语篇篇幅控制在300-400词左右，属于短篇记叙文，情节脉络清晰，无多余的背景铺垫和细节描写，每段内容均为叙事主线服务，符合高考阅读B篇的考查篇幅要求。 真题主题示例： - 2025：高三学生挣脱内卷，重新定义属于自己的成功； - 2024：作者突破绘画考试失败的心理阴影，重拾创作自信； - 2023：作者面对科研项目申请被拒，意外获得新方向并收获成长； - 2022：Alice克服完美主义焦虑，投身自然保护并实现自我突破； - 2021：作者摒弃对志愿项目的刻板第一印象，参与并体会公益的意义。 二、语篇结构 北京卷阅读B篇的语篇结构高度规整，遵循记叙文经典的“起承转合”逻辑，且形成了固定的叙事脉络，情节推进有迹可循，核心特征如下： 1. 核心脉络：起因→经过→结果→感悟（四段式经典叙事） 五年真题均围绕这一固定脉络展开，每段对应叙事的一个核心环节，无情节颠倒、插叙等复杂叙事手法，逻辑清晰： - 起：开篇交代作者的初始状态，包括遇到的问题、持有的态度、产生的困惑或最初的选择（如2025年开篇写高三学生担心大学对自己的评价，陷入对“成功”的迷茫；2021年开篇写作者最初不看好OIC志愿项目，将其列为最后选择）； - 承：叙述作者的具体行动或经历的转折，是情节推进的核心（如2024年作者30岁结识画家朋友，却因心理障碍不敢触碰油画；2022年作者参加环保主义者的讲座，受到启发并主动交流）； - 转：经历关键事件后，作者的行为、态度发生转变，是叙事的高潮（如2023年作者被拒后意外收到教授邀请，进入实验室参与新的科研项目；2025年作者参加第二次面试，凭借积累获得领导职位）； - 合：结尾段进行主题升华，作者直接表达从经历中获得的人生感悟、道理或收获，是语篇的核心主旨所在（五年真题的主旨句均位于结尾段，为命题的关键依据）。 2. 结尾点睛：直接感悟句为核心主旨标识 语篇结尾均有作者的直接感悟表达，且常伴随明显的信号词（如learn, realize, find, ultimately, in the end等），该句子是对整个叙事的总结，也是解答压轴题27题的核心依据，无需考生过度推断。 3. 段落衔接：逻辑词串联，情节过渡自然 语篇中使用大量基础逻辑连接词（如however, nevertheless, accordingly, then, finally等），串联起不同的叙事环节，清晰体现“转折、因果、顺承”等逻辑关系，帮助读者快速梳理情节脉络。 三、命题热点 北京卷阅读B篇的命题围绕语篇叙事脉络和作者核心信息展开，题型、考查能力点高度固定，形成了明确的命题热点，且24-27题的考查分工清晰，各题对应叙事的不同环节，核心特征如下： 1. 题型固定：以细节理解题和推理判断题为主，无主旨大意题（单独设题）、词义猜测题 五年真题均未出现词义猜测题、数字计算题等题型，核心考查细节理解和推理判断两大题型，其中24-26题以细节理解+浅层推理为主，27题以深层推理（主旨感悟）为主，是整个B篇的压轴题。 2. 考查能力点聚焦：四大核心能力为命题重点 命题紧扣高考英语阅读能力要求，聚焦四大核心能力，无偏门能力考查： - 信息定位能力：考查考生快速在语篇中找到与题干对应的细节信息的能力； - 情感/态度推断能力：考查考生根据文本细节推断作者在某一阶段的心理、情感或态度； - 行为原因/选择推断能力：考查考生分析作者某一行为的原因、做出某一选择的依据； - 语篇主旨感悟提炼能力：考查考生从整体叙事中提炼作者传递的普遍人生启示和正向价值观。 3. 题目分工清晰：24-27题对应叙事的“起承转合”脉络 五年真题的题目设置与语篇的叙事脉络高度匹配，形成固定的考查分工，可快速定位解题区间： - 24题：多考查“起”的环节，聚焦作者的初始情感、核心困惑、问题成因或最初的态度/感受； - 25题：多考查“承”的环节，聚焦作者某一行为的原因、态度转变的契机或做出的具体选择； - 26题：多考查“转”的环节，聚焦作者经历的关键事件的特征、对某一事件的评价或具体行动的结果； - 27题：多考查“合”的环节，聚焦作者的整体感悟，要求提炼语篇传递的普遍人生道理。 4. 选项设置：干扰项特征明显，无绝对化表述 正确选项均为对文本信息的同义转述，无原词照搬的简单选项；干扰项多为“无中生有、片面理解、反向立意、偷换概念”四类，且选项中无only, never, all等绝对化表述，降低考生的误判概率。 四、常见的设问形式 北京卷阅读B篇的设问形式高度固定，24-26题各题的设问句式形成明确的规律，27题的设问句式五年未变，考生可通过题干快速判断考查方向和解题区间，具体常见设问形式如下（均为真题原句/同类变式）： （一）24题：聚焦初始状态/情感/成因，3类核心设问 1. 情感/态度类（最高频，五年均考） - How did the author feel about...? - What was the author’s major concern? 2. 原因类 - What was the main cause for...? 3. 初始认知类 - How did the author feel about joining...in the beginning? （二）25题：聚焦行为原因/选择/转变，3类核心设问 1. 原因类（最高频） - The author chose...because of...? - What mainly helped the author change...? 2. 行为选择类 - After talking with..., the author decided to...? 3. 行动依据类 - Why did the author...? （三）26题：聚焦关键事件评价/特征，2类核心设问 1. 描述/评价类（最高频） - Which would best describe...? - According to the author, the project/thing was...? 2. 行为结果类 - The author’s...group would help...to...? （四）27题：聚焦整体感悟，固定两类设问（五年未变） 1. What can we learn from this passage?（2022-2025年均用此句式） 2. What can we conclude from this passage?（2021年用此句式） 两类设问本质一致，均要求考生提炼语篇传递的普遍人生启示，而非对单一细节的判断，是对语篇整体理解的考查。 热点·角度·拆解 2023-2025高考考点细目（阅读理解说明文） 卷别 词数 主题 话题 命题形式 2025・北京卷 B 篇 320 人与自我 青少年成长与自我认知，正确应对学业压力，重新定义 “成功” 细节理解题、推理判断题、主旨感悟题 2024・北京卷 B 篇 354 人与自我 突破心理障碍，重拾创作热情，接纳自我局限 细节理解题、推理判断题、主旨感悟题 2023・北京卷 B 篇 386 人与自我 正视挫折与拒绝，理性看待成长挫折，积极寻求新方向 细节理解题、推理判断题、主旨感悟题 热点角度01 细节理解题 析典例·建模型 （2025·北京卷·高考真题·B篇） Completing many courses no longer brings out the feeling of success because more than four AP classes per year is a norm set by top universities. Determined to follow my instincts (本能) on what I felt success means, I only chose two classes that I knew I would enjoy. The feeling of success was no longer attached to what grade I received but to the pure joy of learning. 25. The author chose fewer AP classes because of _______. A. her own understanding of success B. her desire for academic challenges C. her strong urge to follow the crowd D. her dream of entering a top university 【解题建模】 第一步，确定定位词“chose fewer AP classes”（paragraph 3）； 第二步，找到答题句“Determined to follow my instincts (本能) on what I felt success means, I only chose two classes that I knew I would enjoy”； 第三步，比较各选项，最终选出正确答案为A。 研考点·通技法 细节理解题考查考生识别和理解具体信息的能力。不论哪类细节题，我们在弄清题目所问之后，均可通过以下三步解题： 第一步 确定定位词 在题干中确定一两个定位词 第二步 找到答题句 用定位词到原文中去找到含有定位词或其同义词所在的句子。认真研读该句或前后句子。 第三步 比较各选项 将四个选项与找到的答题句进行比较，选出与原文表述一致的正确选项。 破类题·提能力 （2026·东城期末） The Sinkut fire lookout is a two-storey building built on the top of Sinkut Mountain. The top floor of the lookout features a 360-degree view with windows on all sides, where Vanderlinde, 72, surveys the familiar landscape, not for beautiful views, but for fires. As a kid, Vanderlinde wanted to be a forest ranger (护林员). At 19 years old, Vanderlinde was offered his first summer job in forestry at a fire lookout and realised his childhood dream. Years later, Vanderlinde's retirement led him back to where it all started: working at a fire lookout. The Sinkut lookout was built in 1927. British Columbia used to have 300 active lookouts across the province. Because of technological advancements, active fire lookouts are disappearing. The Sinkut lookout's location makes it the only regularly staffed lookout in British Columbia. And Vanderlinde becomes one of the last local regular fire watchers. Vanderlinde's life on the lookout during fire season typically runs 14 days at a time. During that fire-watching fortnight, Vanderlinde will leave his home in downtown, and work and live at the lookout. From 8 a. m. to 8 p. m., Vanderlinde scans as far as 80 to 90 kilometres across forests and lakes in each direction. The weather doesn't care much for these hours, and the job can extend around the clock. Vanderlinde doesn't mind though. "I just like being outdoors." "One night several years ago, all of a sudden, I smelt the ozone (臭氧)," recalls Vanderlinde. Knowing lightning produces ozone, he quickly looked around and saw a flash from the corner of his eye as the lower part of Sinkut Mountain was struck by lightning during a storm. In no time, he worked out the exact location of the fire and relayed that information to the wildfire service. Last season marked Vanderlinde's eighth season working at the Sinkut lookout into his retirement. "There is nobody else out there doing the job. It gets not lonely, but lonely in the fact that there is nobody to relate to," he says. On the second-floor work desk, next to an old-school radio, sits a Bluetooth speaker, which sings Vanderlinde's favourite folk song: Day after day Alone on a hill The man with the foolish grin is keeping perfectly still. 24. What makes the Sinkut fire lookout special? A. It has the most advanced fire-detecting facilities. B. It is the oldest fire lookout in British Columbia. C. It is the only lookout with regular workers. D. It is the biggest lookout in Sinkut. 25. Why did Vanderlinde work at a fire lookout after retirement? A. Because he needed a summer job. B. Because he aimed to pass down his skills. C. Because he was good at working outdoors. D. Because he wanted to follow his early dream. 热点角度02 推理判断题 析典例·建模型 浅层推理判断累 （2025·北京卷·高考真题·B篇） Throughout our Junior year, my classmates and I have been worried about what colleges will see when they look at our whole life story reduced to a single 200-word essay. Will the golden word “success” form in their minds when they review our achievements? Or will they see the big word “fail” in red? The shadow of this mysterious (神秘的) institution steals away what success means to us. 24. Throughout the Junior year, what was the author’s major concern? A. Pressure from choosing AP classes. B. Performance in group interviews. C. Competition with seniors. D. Recognition by colleges. 【解题建模】 第一步，确定定位词“Throughout the Junior year”“major concern”（paragraph 1） 第二步，找到答题句“my classmates and I have been worried about what colleges will see when they look at our whole life story reduced to a single 200-word essay”； 第三步，比较各选项，最终选出正确答案为D。 深层推理（主旨感悟） 研考点·通技法 推理判断题考查考生根据文本信息进行合理推断、挖掘作者隐含情感、态度或深层意图的能力。不论哪类推理判断题（如情感态度类、行为原因类、主旨感悟类等），我们在弄清题目所问之后，均可通过以下三步解题： 第一步 确定定位词 确定定位词在题干中确定 1-2 个核心定位词（优先选专有名词、限定词、核心名词 / 动词） 第二步 找到答题句 用定位词回原文定位，不仅要找到含定位词 / 同义词的句子，还要研读其前后语境，捕捉作者的隐含逻辑、情感倾向或行为动机。 第三步 比较各选项 将四个选项与答题句及语境进行比对，排除 “无中生有、片面推理、反向立意、过度推断” 类干扰项，选出与原文深层含义最契合的选项。 破类题·提能力 （2025年·海淀·一模） I had wanted to be a cellist for as long as I could remember. At fifteen, I won a scholarship to a specialist music school. I got up at 5 a.m. to play scales, practised at lunchtime and returned to my cello (大提琴) after lessons. One evening, while practicing a demanding piece, I pushed myself too far. I felt a burning pain between my wrist and elbow. When it hadn’t got better after a day or two, I started to panic. Days became weeks. I still could not write or play. Weeks turned into months. Opportunities for concerts, recitals, and competitions came and went. When I wasn’t sitting with my instrument, I was punishing myself for my own stupidity. My technique had probably not been secure enough for the demands I was placing on it. But now it was too late. Over two years, I gradually recovered some arm function. I was able to play some early music such as Handel and Bach, on a baroque cello, as the movements are gentler and lighter. However, the possibility of my arm letting me down has never left me. The turning point came, unexpectedly, during a photoshoot for an up-to-date picture. The photographer suggested I get my cello and see what images of playing might look like. I hesitated — I didn’t see myself as a cellist any more. But then I fetched it and sat playing snatches of Bach. In that moment, the lens pointing at my instrument and me, I began to understand something I had only half sensed until then. Away from my cello, my shadow was missing. Without it I felt incomplete. But with my instrument I was protected and entirely happy in my own skin. During that photoshoot I realised I needed to find out what the cello, and its absence, had meant to other cellists, to understand what it meant to me. So I planned a journey across Europe. I encountered cellos destroyed by war and shipwreck, and even a cello tat had been turned into a beehive. I even played with a resourceful cellist, who, having lost the use of his right thumb, ties his bow onto his hand with a bicycle inner tube. Over the course of my travels, I learned I was not alone. Besides, my experience might help others. I am also beginning to look for ways to return to the repertoire (曲目) I loved. Supported by a community of musicians in similar situations, I now celebrate every concert as a step towards healing. 26. What can we learn from the passage? A. Fortune favors the bold. B. Constant dripping wears the stone. C. Good things come to those who wait. D. When given lemons, make lemonade. （建议用时：45分钟） 刷模拟 A （2025年·西城·一模） Uday Bhatia’s enthusiasm for technology began in childhood. His interest was awakened when he received a drone (无人机) in the fourth grade, stimulating a curiosity about how machines work. By 14, he had taught himself computer science and created his first video game on Roblox. However, Uday’s passion wasn’t limited to coding and gadgets — he was deeply aware of societal issues. During the pandemic, he developed FindOurTutor, an e-tutoring platform to help students continue learning remotely. At 16, Uday, as part of a mentorship program, visited Bichpuri village in Uttar Pradesh and discovered a critical problem: the villagers faced six-to-eight-hour-long power outages. “When I learned that children were using flashlights and kerosene lamps to study, I wanted to find a solution,” he recalls. His research revealed that while most villages in India had been electrified, unreliable power supply remained a continuing issue in many rural areas, with some states like Rajasthan and Uttarakhand enduring power cuts lasting 10 to 12 hours a day. Determined to help, Uday spent the next six months learning from instructional videos and gathering second-hand components. He worked in his terrace (屋顶) workshop, experimenting with different designs until he developed the Smart OutageGuard (OG), a low-cost backup lightbulb (灯泡) with a lithium-ion battery. The bulb, priced at Rs 250, about half the cost of other options, features dynamic-lumen technology and pulse-width modulation, which allows users to adjust the brightness. This feature extends the bulb’s illumination capacity to up to 10 hours, depending on the brightness level. Since its launch in May 2022, Smart OG bulbs have reached 10,000 homes across eight states. Uday also founded Uday Electric, a for-profit venture that collaborates with distributors, NGOs, retailers, and CSR programs to provide affordable lighting to semi-electrified rural areas. For non-electrified regions, he developed the Glow Grid, a solar-powered lamp, launched this month. Uday’s innovations have earned him several awards, including the 2023 Diana Legacy Award. His long-term goal is to provide low-cost energy to every home, and he’s just getting started. 24. Uday Bhatia’s experience in Bichpuri village influenced him to ________. A. develop an interest in computer science B. create a low-cost, backup-based lightbulb C. launch an e-tutoring platform for students D. study power supply systems in other villages 25. What do we know about Uday’s inventions? A. They make energy easier to access. B. They bring innovation to global markets. C. They focus on sustainable energy solutions. D. They provide affordable lighting for rural areas. 26. Which of the following best describes Uday Bhatia? A. Innovative and commercial. B. Determined and socially aware. C. Creative and environmentally conscious. D. Technologically skilled and competitive. B （2025年·东城·一模） I was in a tiny plane with skydivers in their 70s and 80s, and I was distracted. The reporter in me was trying to remember everything: the preflight rituals (仪式); the jokes; the way the jumpers checked their instruments. The rest of me was focused on the fact that in a few minutes, I would jump out of a plane flying 12,500 feet above the ground. I was reporting on West Ways, a group of skydivers in their late 50s to early 90s. The group was started in 1987 by Ms. West and her husband, and members have jumped together about once a month ever since. This Sunday, they were celebrating their holiday party, which included a gift exchange and a 28-point formation in free fall. As we reached altitude, Mr. West went over the jump formation once more before leading the group in a cheer for my jump. It was time. One by one they jumped. In the air, they grabbed hold of one another, forming the shape of a snowflake. Then it was my turn. Mr. Diaz edged me forward. I took a deep breath. And on the count of three, we leaped into free fall. I had never been so aware of my senses: I felt the cold air against my face and the wind pushing back my arms and legs. After a few seconds, I was able to look around. After a few minutes, we landed. The members of West Ways cheered and clapped me on the back as I tried to catch my breath. Over the next six hours, I interviewed them as they did two more jumps. (I stayed firmly on the ground.) I heard tales about first kisses in free fall and parachuting (跳伞) into weddings. What struck me wasn’t the extraordinary physical accomplishment, but how a long-standing, active community offers a way for those in it to age gracefully. I don’t know whether I’ll skydive again. But I hope that when I’m 80, I can regularly experience a suspension of time with people I’ve known for decades, before we parachute back down to earth. 24. What do we know about West Ways? A. They make jumping a routine. B. They are well trained professionals. C. They set an age limit to new members. D. They are famous for their diving patterns. 25. Why did the author join West Ways that day? A. To celebrate a holiday. B. To try a sport. C. To care for the elderly. D. To cover a story. 26. What impressed the author most about West Ways? A Their optimistic attitude. B. Their lifelong bond. C. Their physical achievements. D. Their remarkable skills. C （2025年·朝阳·一模） Luther Gerlach’s images enrich the permanent collections of the J. Paul Getty Museum in Los Angeles and the National Portrait Gallery in London, among other institutions. While studying his work, one cannot help but revisit the journey he undertook in pursuit of art. Gerlach has dyslexia, a condition that makes it difficult for him to read and spell, and in middle school, it began to affect his studies. At the University of Minnesota, where Gerlach studied biology, his struggle with writing reached a tipping point. Gerlach left the university and entered art school. “Art has never been something that slowed me down, in contrast to the written word,” Gerlach says. After graduating from art school, Gerlach took what he learned and traveled across the United States selling his prints at art fairs. It was the late 1980s, and Gerlach traveled roughly 90,000 miles a year, taking photos along the way. He was making $100,000 a year doing what he loved. But the emergence of digital photography changed everything. Photographers began to use Photoshop to create the hand-brushed quality of Gerlach’s photographs and told customers they were using the same process Gerlach was using. “I would hear them talking — complete lies,” he says. Rather than dive into digital, Gerlach moved into a photographic process that was quite unusual: the wet collodion (火棉胶) process, invented in 1851. The process involves coating a plate of glass or metal with collodion, followed by using a silver nitrate (硝酸银) bath to make the plate sensitive to light. The plate is then placed in a light-tight film holder, with the photo made almost immediately while the plate is still wet. It wasn’t easy when he first started, but Gerlach has always considered “constant problem solving” to be part of the creative process. It made Gerlach feel “present as an artist”. “I saw the final product right there in front of me. The same leaves on the tree that I’m standing in front of are on the image,” Gerlach explains. “The process allowed me to feel more like a photographer instead of a machine that printed prints to sell so I could make money. And when the final product works, nothing else compares to it.” 24. Luther Gerlach’s dyslexia ________. A. forced him to change his major B. drove him to go into business C. made him drop out of middle school D. affected his artistic performance 25. As digital photography emerged, Luther Gerlach ________. A. adopted a unique photographic technique B set off for new places to take photographs C. praised photographers for using Photoshop D. improved the hand-brushed quality of his photos 26. Why did Luther Gerlach prefer the wet collodion process? A. It was cheap and reliable. B. It was easy and efficient. C. It gave him artistic satisfaction. D. It helped him sell prints for profit. 27. What can we learn from this passage? A. Necessity inspires invention. B. Everything comes to those who wait. C Hope for the best; prepare for the worst. D. Dare to be different in a world of copycats. D （2026年·昌平·期末） My neighbor Mr. Taylor kept a large and white horse named Jasper. He had never panicked, never bitten, never kicked. There was a steady calmness in him that naturally inspired trust. The first time my daughter, Lila, saw Jasper, she stopped mid-step, pointed her tiny finger, and whispered, “Horsey.” Mr. Taylor waved us over. Jasper lowered his great head and Lila pressed her cheek against his nose and giggled (咯咯地笑). From that day forward, Lila wanted to see Jasper every chance she got. Their bond grew deeper. That’s why the knock on my door one evening surprised me so much. It was Mr. Taylor. His face carried a tightness I’d never seen before. “I think,” he began carefully, “that you should take Lila to see a doctor. I know this will sound strange, but Jasper’s been behaving differently around her. He sniffs (嗅) at her constantly. Jasper is a therapy-trained horse. He’s been trained to sense things...changes in people’s health, emotions, sometimes even illnesses.” He paused. “I’ve seen him do this before, with people who were later diagnosed (诊断) with serious conditions.” I stared at him. Part of me wanted to laugh it off. Horses didn’t diagnose illnesses — doctors did. Maybe Mr. Taylor was overreacting. I thanked him and closed the door. For the next two days, a persistent voice reminded me of Jasper’s strange behavior. Finally, I took Lila to the doctor. The appointment began routinely, but then came extra tests. When the doctor came back, his expression told everything before he spoke. “I’m sorry,” he said gently. “The tests show signs of cancer.” The months that followed were the hardest of our lives. And through it all, there was Jasper. He seemed to know just how to behave. He’d lower his great head so she could stroke him without much effort. He stood guard while Lila rested in the straw. It was as if he carried some of her burden for her. There were moments when I truly believed she fought harder because Jasper was waiting for her. He gave her comfort that no doctor, no parent, could provide. After months of treatment, the doctors finally gave us the news we had been desperate to hear: She was getting better. Lila was weak, but she was winning. And I knew that without Jasper — and without Mr. Taylor’s warning — we might never have caught it early enough. 24. Why did Mr. Taylor visit the author one night? A. To check on Lila’s health condition. B. To voice his concerns about Lila’s health. C. To discuss whether to keep Lila off Jasper. D. To ask for help with Jasper’s strange behavior. 25. How did the author initially react to Mr. Taylor’s warning? A. She did not care. B. She argued with him. C. She asked him for proof. D. She relied on his judgment. 26. How did Jasper support Lila during her treatment? A. He acted funny to ease her pain. B. He stood guard to keep visitors away. C. He signaled her change to her mother. D. He offered unusual emotional comfort. 27. What can we learn from the passage? A. Wisdom begins where prejudice ends. B. Loyalty often grows in the soil of trust. C. Wonders can arrive in unexpected forms. D. Courage grows when faced with hardships. 刷真题 A 2025年北京卷B篇 Throughout our Junior year, my classmates and I have been worried about what colleges will see when they look at our whole life story reduced to a single 200-word essay. Will the golden word “success” form in their minds when they review our achievements? Or will they see the big word “fail” in red? The shadow of this mysterious (神秘的) institution steals away what success means to us. My first step of redefining success began with course registrations. It is a well-known fact, especially in my school, that Junior year is the time of packing many AP classes into the schedule. When asked why they chose so many AP classes, my friends responded: “I don’t know.” They themselves don’t know why they are following the crowd and longing for the pressures of academic difficulty. Therefore, they do not feel the satisfaction of being academically challenged. Completing many courses no longer brings out the feeling of success because more than four AP classes per year is a norm set by top universities. Determined to follow my instincts (本能) on what I felt success means, I only chose two classes that I knew I would enjoy. The feeling of success was no longer attached to what grade I received but to the pure joy of learning. Even my failures are attached to a feeling of success; after I take a step back and look at the big picture, I see them as a launching pad (平台) for my next big achievement. In the ninth grade, I went in for my first group interview for a leadership position as a shy girl. Not standing a chance against competitive applicants, I came out of the interview with an upset look. Nevertheless, this interview wasn’t a wasted opportunity. I talked to one of the senior applicants who answered questions in a way that reflected the faith she had in herself. This year, with an open mind and new knowledge in mind, I walked into another group interview while telling myself I was that cool senior. I managed to secure a leadership position. Ultimately, success came little by little. 24. Throughout the Junior year, what was the author’s major concern? A. Pressure from choosing AP classes. B. Performance in group interviews. C. Competition with seniors. D. Recognition by colleges. 25. The author chose fewer AP classes because of _______. A. her own understanding of success B. her desire for academic challenges C. her strong urge to follow the crowd D. her dream of entering a top university 26. Which would best describe the author’s first group interview? A. Dignifying. B. Rewarding. C. Engaging. D. Relaxing. 27. What can we learn from this passage? A. Everyone is the maker of their own success. B. Success favours those with a golden heart. C. Success knocks at your door only once. D. A college holds the key to success. B 2024年北京卷B篇 When I was a little girl, I liked drawing, freely and joyously making marks on the walls at home. In primary school, I learned to write using chalks. Writing seemed to be another form of drawing. I shaped individual letters into repeating lines, which were abstract forms, delightful but meaningless patterns. In secondary school, art was my favourite subject. Since I loved it so much I thought I was good at it. For the art O-level exam I had to present an oil painting. I found it difficult, but still hoped to pass. I failed, with a low grade. I’d been over-confident. Now I’d been declared talentless. But other channels of creativity stayed open: I went on writing poems and stories. Still, I went to exhibitions often. I continued my habitual drawing, which I now characterised as childish doodling (乱画). In my 30s, I made painter friends and learned new ways of looking at art. However, I couldn’t let myself have a go at actually doing it. Though these new friends were abstract painters using oil paints, or were printmakers or sculptors, I took oil painting as the taboo (禁忌) high form I wasn’t allowed to practice. One night, in my early 40s, I dreamed that a big woman in red approached me, handed me a bag of paints, and told me to start painting. The dream felt so authoritative that it shook me. It was a form of energy, giving me back something I’d lost. Accordingly, I started by experimenting with water colours. Finally, I bought some oil paints. Although I have enjoyed breaking my decades-long taboo about working with oil paints, I have discovered I now prefer chalks and ink. I let my line drawings turn into cartoons I send to friends. It all feels free and easy. Un-anxious. This time around, I can accept my limitations but keep going. Becoming a successful painter calls for being resolute. I realised I was always afraid of wanting too much. That dream reminded me that those fears and desires could encourage me to take risks and make experiments. 24. How did the author feel about the result of the art exam? A. Scared. B. Worried. C. Discouraged. D. Wronged. 25. In her 30s, the author _________. A. avoided oil painting practice B. sought for a painting career C. fancied abstract painting D. exhibited child paintings 26. Which word would best describe the author’s dream? A. Confusing. B. Empowering. C. Disturbing. D. Entertaining. 27. What can we learn from this passage? A. Actions speak louder than words. B. Hard work is the mother of success. C. Dreams are the reflections of realities. D. Creative activities involve being confident. C 2023年北京卷B篇 Sitting in the garden for my friend’s birthday. I felt a buzz (振动) in my pocket. My heart raced when I saw the email sender’s name. The email started off: “Dear Mr Green, thank you for your interest” and “the review process took longer than expected.” It ended with “We are sorry to inform you…” and my vision blurred (模糊). The position—measuring soil quality in the Sahara Desert as part of an undergraduate research programme — had felt like the answer I had spent years looking for. I had put so much time and emotional energy into applying, and I thought the rejection meant the end of the road for my science career. So I was shocked when, not long after the email, Professor Mary Devon, who was running the programme, invited me to observe the work being done in her lab. I jumped at the chance, and a few weeks later I was equally shocked—and overjoyed—when she invited me to talk with her about potential projects I could pursue in her lab. What she proposed didn’t seem as exciting as the original project I had applied to, but I was going to give it my all. I found myself working with a robotics professor on techniques for collecting data from the desert remotely. That project, which I could complete from my sofa instead of in the burning heat of the desert, not only survived the lockdown but worked where traditional methods didn’t. In the end, I had a new scientific interest to pursue. When I applied to graduate school, I found three programmes promising to allow me to follow my desired research direction. And I applied with the same anxious excitement as before. When I was rejected from one that had seemed like a perfect fit, it was undoubtedly difficult. But this time I had the perspective (视角) to keep it from sending me into panic. It helped that in the end I was accepted into one of the other programmes I was also excited about. Rather than setting plans in stone, I’ve learned that sometimes I need to take the opportunities that are offered, even if they don’t sound perfect at the time, and make the most of them. 24. How did the author feel upon seeing the email sender’s name? A. Anxious. B. Angry. C. Surprised. D. Settled. 25. After talking with Professor Devon, the author decided to ________. A. criticise the review process B. stay longer in the Sahara Desert C. apply to the original project again D. put his heart and soul into the lab work 26. According to the author, the project with the robotics professor was ________. A. demanding B. inspiring C. misleading D. amusing 27. What can we learn from this passage? A. An invitation is a reputation. B. An innovation is a resolution. C. A rejection can be a redirection. D. A reflection can be a restriction. D 2022年北京卷B篇 My name is Alice. Early last year, I was troubled by an anxiety that crippled ( 削弱 ) my ability to do anything. I felt like a storm cloud hung over me. For almost a year I struggled on, constantly staring at this wall that faced me. My perfectionist tendencies were the main root of this: I wanted to be perfect at whatever I did, which obviously in life is not possible, but it consumed me. One day, I attended a presentation by wildlife conservationist Grant Brown at my high school. His presentation not only awed and inspired me, but also helped emerge an inner desire to make a difference in the world. I joined a pre-presentation dinner with him and that smaller setting allowed me to slowly build up my courage to speak one-on-one with him—an idea that had seemed completely impossible. This first contact was where my story began. A month later, Brown invited me to attend the World Youth Wildlife Conference. Looking back, I now see that this would be the first in a series of timely opportunities that my old self would have let pass, but that this new and more confident Alice enthusiastically seized. Shortly after I received his invitation, applications to join the Youth for Nature and the Youth for Planet groups were sent around through my high school. I decided to commit to completing the applications, and soon I was a part of a growing global team of young people working to protect nature. Each of these new steps continued to grow my confidence. I am writing this just six months since my journey began and I’ve realised that my biggest obstacle ( 障碍 ) this whole time was myself. It was that voice in the back of my head telling me that one phrase that has stopped so many people from reaching their potential: I can’t. They say good things come to those who wait; I say: grab every opportunity with everything you have and be impatient. After all, nature does not require our patience, but our action. 24. What was the main cause for Alice’s anxiety? A. Her inability to act her age. B. Her habit of consumption. C. Her desire to be perfect. D. Her lack of inspiration. 25. How did Grant Brown’s presentation influence Alice? A. She decided to do something for nature. B. She tasted the sweetness of friendship. C. She learned about the harm of desire. D. She built up her courage to speak up. 26. The activities Alice joined in helped her to become more ________. A. intelligent B. confident C. innovative D. critical 27. What can we learn from this passage? A. Practice makes perfect. B. Patience is a cure of anxiety. C. Action is worry’s worst enemy. D. Everything comes to those who wait. E 2021年北京卷B篇 I remember the day during our first week of class when we were informed about our semester（学期） project of volunteering at a non-profit organization．When the teacher introduced us to the different organizations that needed our help，my last choice was Operation Iraqi Children （OIC）．My first impression of the organization was that it was not going to make enough of a difference with the plans I had in mind． Then，an OIC representative gave us some details，which somewhat interested me．After doing some research， I believed that we could really do something for those kids．When I went online to the OIC website，I saw pictures of the Iraqi children．Their faces were so powerful in sending a message of their despair（绝望） and need that I joined this project without hesitation．We decided to collect as many school supplies as possible，and make them into kits——one kit，one child． The most rewarding day for our group was project day，when all the efforts we put into collecting the items finally came together．When I saw the various supplies we had collected，it hit me that every kit we were to build that day would eventually be in the hands of an Iraqi child．Over the past four months，I had never imagined how I would feel once our project was completed．While making the kits，I realized that I had lost sight of the true meaning behind it．I had only focused on the fact that it was another school project and one I wanted to get a good grade on．When the kits were completed，and ready to be sent overseas，the warm feeling I had was one I would never forget． In the beginning，I dared myself to make a difference in the life of another person．Now that our project is over，I realize that I have affected not only one life，but ten．With our efforts，ten young boys and girls will now be able to further their education． 24. How did the author feel about joining the OIC project in the beginning？ A. It would affect his/her initial plans． B. It would involve traveling overseas． C. It would not bring him/her a good grade． D. It would not live up to his/her expectations． 25. What mainly helped the author change his/her attitude toward the project？ A. Images of Iraqi children． B. Research by his/her classmates． C. A teacher's introduction． D. A representative's comments． 26. The author's OIC project group would help ten Iraqi children to________． A. become OIC volunteers B. further their education C. study in foreign countries D. influence other children 27. What can we conclude from this passage？ A. One's potential cannot always be underrated． B. First impression cannot always be trusted． C. Actions speak louder than words． D. He who hesitates is lost． 1 4 / 20 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题01 阅读理解记叙文 目录 命题·趋势·定位 3 热点·角度·拆解 6 析典例·建模型 7 （2025·北京卷·高考真题·B篇） 7 研考点·通技法 7 破类题·提能力 7 （2026·东城期末） 8 析典例·建模型 9 （2025·北京卷·高考真题·B篇） 10 研考点·通技法 10 破类题·提能力 10 （2025年·海淀·一模） 11 刷模拟 12 （2025年·西城·一模） 12 （2025年·东城·一模） 14 （2025年·朝阳·一模） 16 （2026年·昌平·期末） 18 刷真题 21 2025年北京卷B篇 21 2024年北京卷B篇 22 2023年北京卷B篇 24 2022年北京卷B篇 26 2021年北京卷B篇 27 内容导航 【命题解码·定方向】命题趋势+3年高考真题热点角度拆解 【解题建模·通技法】析典例，建模型，技法贯通破类题/变式 【实战刷题·冲高分】精选高考大题+名校模拟题，强化实战能力，得高分 命题·趋势·定位 一、选材特点 北京卷阅读B篇的选材具有高度的统一性、针对性和导向性，是高考英语“立德树人”命题导向与语言能力考查的结合体，核心特征如下： 1. 文体固定：第一人称亲历式记叙文 五年真题均为第一人称视角的个人经历叙事，作者以自身真实（或拟真实）的成长、实践、尝试经历为写作素材，无说明文、议论文、夹叙夹议文等其他文体，叙事口吻亲切，情节贴近青少年生活。 2. 主题聚焦：青少年成长与正向价值引领 选材主题均围绕青少年个人成长展开，涵盖重新定义成功、突破自我心理障碍、正确面对挫折与拒绝、克服焦虑并抓住机会、摒弃刻板印象参与公益等方向，传递积极向上的人生态度，贴合高考“立德树人”核心要求，无偏题、冷题。 3. 难度适中：考纲内词汇+常规句式，无超纲障碍 语篇词汇均在高考英语考纲范围内，少量派生词、合成词可通过构词法推断；句式以简单句和并列复合句为主，长难句占比低且多为定语从句、状语从句等基础复合句，阅读障碍主要集中在语篇逻辑理解，而非语言知识本身。 4. 篇幅稳定：短篇叙事，情节完整且无冗余 语篇篇幅控制在300-400词左右，属于短篇记叙文，情节脉络清晰，无多余的背景铺垫和细节描写，每段内容均为叙事主线服务，符合高考阅读B篇的考查篇幅要求。 真题主题示例： - 2025：高三学生挣脱内卷，重新定义属于自己的成功； - 2024：作者突破绘画考试失败的心理阴影，重拾创作自信； - 2023：作者面对科研项目申请被拒，意外获得新方向并收获成长； - 2022：Alice克服完美主义焦虑，投身自然保护并实现自我突破； - 2021：作者摒弃对志愿项目的刻板第一印象，参与并体会公益的意义。 二、语篇结构 北京卷阅读B篇的语篇结构高度规整，遵循记叙文经典的“起承转合”逻辑，且形成了固定的叙事脉络，情节推进有迹可循，核心特征如下： 1. 核心脉络：起因→经过→结果→感悟（四段式经典叙事） 五年真题均围绕这一固定脉络展开，每段对应叙事的一个核心环节，无情节颠倒、插叙等复杂叙事手法，逻辑清晰： - 起：开篇交代作者的初始状态，包括遇到的问题、持有的态度、产生的困惑或最初的选择（如2025年开篇写高三学生担心大学对自己的评价，陷入对“成功”的迷茫；2021年开篇写作者最初不看好OIC志愿项目，将其列为最后选择）； - 承：叙述作者的具体行动或经历的转折，是情节推进的核心（如2024年作者30岁结识画家朋友，却因心理障碍不敢触碰油画；2022年作者参加环保主义者的讲座，受到启发并主动交流）； - 转：经历关键事件后，作者的行为、态度发生转变，是叙事的高潮（如2023年作者被拒后意外收到教授邀请，进入实验室参与新的科研项目；2025年作者参加第二次面试，凭借积累获得领导职位）； - 合：结尾段进行主题升华，作者直接表达从经历中获得的人生感悟、道理或收获，是语篇的核心主旨所在（五年真题的主旨句均位于结尾段，为命题的关键依据）。 2. 结尾点睛：直接感悟句为核心主旨标识 语篇结尾均有作者的直接感悟表达，且常伴随明显的信号词（如learn, realize, find, ultimately, in the end等），该句子是对整个叙事的总结，也是解答压轴题27题的核心依据，无需考生过度推断。 3. 段落衔接：逻辑词串联，情节过渡自然 语篇中使用大量基础逻辑连接词（如however, nevertheless, accordingly, then, finally等），串联起不同的叙事环节，清晰体现“转折、因果、顺承”等逻辑关系，帮助读者快速梳理情节脉络。 三、命题热点 北京卷阅读B篇的命题围绕语篇叙事脉络和作者核心信息展开，题型、考查能力点高度固定，形成了明确的命题热点，且24-27题的考查分工清晰，各题对应叙事的不同环节，核心特征如下： 1. 题型固定：以细节理解题和推理判断题为主，无主旨大意题（单独设题）、词义猜测题 五年真题均未出现词义猜测题、数字计算题等题型，核心考查细节理解和推理判断两大题型，其中24-26题以细节理解+浅层推理为主，27题以深层推理（主旨感悟）为主，是整个B篇的压轴题。 2. 考查能力点聚焦：四大核心能力为命题重点 命题紧扣高考英语阅读能力要求，聚焦四大核心能力，无偏门能力考查： - 信息定位能力：考查考生快速在语篇中找到与题干对应的细节信息的能力； - 情感/态度推断能力：考查考生根据文本细节推断作者在某一阶段的心理、情感或态度； - 行为原因/选择推断能力：考查考生分析作者某一行为的原因、做出某一选择的依据； - 语篇主旨感悟提炼能力：考查考生从整体叙事中提炼作者传递的普遍人生启示和正向价值观。 3. 题目分工清晰：24-27题对应叙事的“起承转合”脉络 五年真题的题目设置与语篇的叙事脉络高度匹配，形成固定的考查分工，可快速定位解题区间： - 24题：多考查“起”的环节，聚焦作者的初始情感、核心困惑、问题成因或最初的态度/感受； - 25题：多考查“承”的环节，聚焦作者某一行为的原因、态度转变的契机或做出的具体选择； - 26题：多考查“转”的环节，聚焦作者经历的关键事件的特征、对某一事件的评价或具体行动的结果； - 27题：多考查“合”的环节，聚焦作者的整体感悟，要求提炼语篇传递的普遍人生道理。 4. 选项设置：干扰项特征明显，无绝对化表述 正确选项均为对文本信息的同义转述，无原词照搬的简单选项；干扰项多为“无中生有、片面理解、反向立意、偷换概念”四类，且选项中无only, never, all等绝对化表述，降低考生的误判概率。 四、常见的设问形式 北京卷阅读B篇的设问形式高度固定，24-26题各题的设问句式形成明确的规律，27题的设问句式五年未变，考生可通过题干快速判断考查方向和解题区间，具体常见设问形式如下（均为真题原句/同类变式）： （一）24题：聚焦初始状态/情感/成因，3类核心设问 1. 情感/态度类（最高频，五年均考） - How did the author feel about...? - What was the author’s major concern? 2. 原因类 - What was the main cause for...? 3. 初始认知类 - How did the author feel about joining...in the beginning? （二）25题：聚焦行为原因/选择/转变，3类核心设问 1. 原因类（最高频） - The author chose...because of...? - What mainly helped the author change...? 2. 行为选择类 - After talking with..., the author decided to...? 3. 行动依据类 - Why did the author...? （三）26题：聚焦关键事件评价/特征，2类核心设问 1. 描述/评价类（最高频） - Which would best describe...? - According to the author, the project/thing was...? 2. 行为结果类 - The author’s...group would help...to...? （四）27题：聚焦整体感悟，固定两类设问（五年未变） 1. What can we learn from this passage?（2022-2025年均用此句式） 2. What can we conclude from this passage?（2021年用此句式） 两类设问本质一致，均要求考生提炼语篇传递的普遍人生启示，而非对单一细节的判断，是对语篇整体理解的考查。 热点·角度·拆解 2023-2025高考考点细目（阅读理解说明文） 卷别 词数 主题 话题 命题形式 2025・北京卷 B 篇 320 人与自我 青少年成长与自我认知，正确应对学业压力，重新定义 “成功” 细节理解题、推理判断题、主旨感悟题 2024・北京卷 B 篇 354 人与自我 突破心理障碍，重拾创作热情，接纳自我局限 细节理解题、推理判断题、主旨感悟题 2023・北京卷 B 篇 386 人与自我 正视挫折与拒绝，理性看待成长挫折，积极寻求新方向 细节理解题、推理判断题、主旨感悟题 热点角度01 细节理解题 析典例·建模型 （2025·北京卷·高考真题·B篇） Completing many courses no longer brings out the feeling of success because more than four AP classes per year is a norm set by top universities. Determined to follow my instincts (本能) on what I felt success means, I only chose two classes that I knew I would enjoy. The feeling of success was no longer attached to what grade I received but to the pure joy of learning. 25. The author chose fewer AP classes because of _______. A. her own understanding of success B. her desire for academic challenges C. her strong urge to follow the crowd D. her dream of entering a top university 【解题建模】 第一步，确定定位词“chose fewer AP classes”（paragraph 3）； 第二步，找到答题句“Determined to follow my instincts (本能) on what I felt success means, I only chose two classes that I knew I would enjoy”； 第三步，比较各选项，最终选出正确答案为A。 研考点·通技法 细节理解题考查考生识别和理解具体信息的能力。不论哪类细节题，我们在弄清题目所问之后，均可通过以下三步解题： 第一步 确定定位词 在题干中确定一两个定位词 第二步 找到答题句 用定位词到原文中去找到含有定位词或其同义词所在的句子。认真研读该句或前后句子。 第三步 比较各选项 将四个选项与找到的答题句进行比较，选出与原文表述一致的正确选项。 破类题·提能力 （2026·东城期末） The Sinkut fire lookout is a two-storey building built on the top of Sinkut Mountain. The top floor of the lookout features a 360-degree view with windows on all sides, where Vanderlinde, 72, surveys the familiar landscape, not for beautiful views, but for fires. As a kid, Vanderlinde wanted to be a forest ranger (护林员). At 19 years old, Vanderlinde was offered his first summer job in forestry at a fire lookout and realised his childhood dream. Years later, Vanderlinde's retirement led him back to where it all started: working at a fire lookout. The Sinkut lookout was built in 1927. British Columbia used to have 300 active lookouts across the province. Because of technological advancements, active fire lookouts are disappearing. The Sinkut lookout's location makes it the only regularly staffed lookout in British Columbia. And Vanderlinde becomes one of the last local regular fire watchers. Vanderlinde's life on the lookout during fire season typically runs 14 days at a time. During that fire-watching fortnight, Vanderlinde will leave his home in downtown, and work and live at the lookout. From 8 a. m. to 8 p. m., Vanderlinde scans as far as 80 to 90 kilometres across forests and lakes in each direction. The weather doesn't care much for these hours, and the job can extend around the clock. Vanderlinde doesn't mind though. "I just like being outdoors." "One night several years ago, all of a sudden, I smelt the ozone (臭氧)," recalls Vanderlinde. Knowing lightning produces ozone, he quickly looked around and saw a flash from the corner of his eye as the lower part of Sinkut Mountain was struck by lightning during a storm. In no time, he worked out the exact location of the fire and relayed that information to the wildfire service. Last season marked Vanderlinde's eighth season working at the Sinkut lookout into his retirement. "There is nobody else out there doing the job. It gets not lonely, but lonely in the fact that there is nobody to relate to," he says. On the second-floor work desk, next to an old-school radio, sits a Bluetooth speaker, which sings Vanderlinde's favourite folk song: Day after day Alone on a hill The man with the foolish grin is keeping perfectly still. 24. What makes the Sinkut fire lookout special? A. It has the most advanced fire-detecting facilities. B. It is the oldest fire lookout in British Columbia. C. It is the only lookout with regular workers. D. It is the biggest lookout in Sinkut. 25. Why did Vanderlinde work at a fire lookout after retirement? A. Because he needed a summer job. B. Because he aimed to pass down his skills. C. Because he was good at working outdoors. D. Because he wanted to follow his early dream. 【答案】24. C 25. D 24. 答案：C 题型：细节理解题 解析：根据原文第三段“The Sinkut lookout's location makes it the only regularly staffed lookout in British Columbia.”可知，Sinkut火情瞭望站的特殊性在于它是不列颠哥伦比亚省唯一有固定工作人员的瞭望站。A选项“拥有最先进的火情探测设备”文中未提及，原文仅说科技发展让瞭望站减少；B选项“是不列颠哥伦比亚省最古老的火情瞭望站”，原文仅提及其建于1927年，未说明是最古老的；D选项“是Sinkut最大的瞭望站”，文中无相关尺寸、规模的描述，故选C。 25. 答案：D 题型：细节理解题 解析：根据原文第二段“As a kid, Vanderlinde wanted to be a forest ranger... At 19 years old... realised his childhood dream. Years later, Vanderlinde's retirement led him back to where it all started: working at a fire lookout.”可知，Vanderlinde儿时的梦想是成为护林员，19岁实现了在火情瞭望站工作的梦想，退休后重返这里，是为了追寻自己最初的梦想。A选项“需要一份暑期工作”，暑期工作是他19岁时的经历，并非退休后的原因；B选项“旨在传授自己的技能”，文中未提及他有传授技能的想法；C选项“擅长户外工作”，是他的工作特点，而非退休后从事该工作的原因，故选D。 热点角度02 推理判断题 析典例·建模型 浅层推理判断累 （2025·北京卷·高考真题·B篇） Throughout our Junior year, my classmates and I have been worried about what colleges will see when they look at our whole life story reduced to a single 200-word essay. Will the golden word “success” form in their minds when they review our achievements? Or will they see the big word “fail” in red? The shadow of this mysterious (神秘的) institution steals away what success means to us. 24. Throughout the Junior year, what was the author’s major concern? A. Pressure from choosing AP classes. B. Performance in group interviews. C. Competition with seniors. D. Recognition by colleges. 【解题建模】 第一步，确定定位词“Throughout the Junior year”“major concern”（paragraph 1） 第二步，找到答题句“my classmates and I have been worried about what colleges will see when they look at our whole life story reduced to a single 200-word essay”； 第三步，比较各选项，最终选出正确答案为D。 深层推理（主旨感悟） 研考点·通技法 推理判断题考查考生根据文本信息进行合理推断、挖掘作者隐含情感、态度或深层意图的能力。不论哪类推理判断题（如情感态度类、行为原因类、主旨感悟类等），我们在弄清题目所问之后，均可通过以下三步解题： 第一步 确定定位词 确定定位词在题干中确定 1-2 个核心定位词（优先选专有名词、限定词、核心名词 / 动词） 第二步 找到答题句 用定位词回原文定位，不仅要找到含定位词 / 同义词的句子，还要研读其前后语境，捕捉作者的隐含逻辑、情感倾向或行为动机。 第三步 比较各选项 将四个选项与答题句及语境进行比对，排除 “无中生有、片面推理、反向立意、过度推断” 类干扰项，选出与原文深层含义最契合的选项。 破类题·提能力 （2025年·海淀·一模） I had wanted to be a cellist for as long as I could remember. At fifteen, I won a scholarship to a specialist music school. I got up at 5 a.m. to play scales, practised at lunchtime and returned to my cello (大提琴) after lessons. One evening, while practicing a demanding piece, I pushed myself too far. I felt a burning pain between my wrist and elbow. When it hadn’t got better after a day or two, I started to panic. Days became weeks. I still could not write or play. Weeks turned into months. Opportunities for concerts, recitals, and competitions came and went. When I wasn’t sitting with my instrument, I was punishing myself for my own stupidity. My technique had probably not been secure enough for the demands I was placing on it. But now it was too late. Over two years, I gradually recovered some arm function. I was able to play some early music such as Handel and Bach, on a baroque cello, as the movements are gentler and lighter. However, the possibility of my arm letting me down has never left me. The turning point came, unexpectedly, during a photoshoot for an up-to-date picture. The photographer suggested I get my cello and see what images of playing might look like. I hesitated — I didn’t see myself as a cellist any more. But then I fetched it and sat playing snatches of Bach. In that moment, the lens pointing at my instrument and me, I began to understand something I had only half sensed until then. Away from my cello, my shadow was missing. Without it I felt incomplete. But with my instrument I was protected and entirely happy in my own skin. During that photoshoot I realised I needed to find out what the cello, and its absence, had meant to other cellists, to understand what it meant to me. So I planned a journey across Europe. I encountered cellos destroyed by war and shipwreck, and even a cello tat had been turned into a beehive. I even played with a resourceful cellist, who, having lost the use of his right thumb, ties his bow onto his hand with a bicycle inner tube. Over the course of my travels, I learned I was not alone. Besides, my experience might help others. I am also beginning to look for ways to return to the repertoire (曲目) I loved. Supported by a community of musicians in similar situations, I now celebrate every concert as a step towards healing. 26. What can we learn from the passage? A. Fortune favors the bold. B. Constant dripping wears the stone. C. Good things come to those who wait. D. When given lemons, make lemonade. 【答案】 26. D 【26题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文及最后一段“Over the course of my travels, I learned I was not alone. Besides, my experience might help others. I am also beginning to look for ways to return to the repertoire (曲目) I loved. Supported by a community of musicians in similar situations, I now celebrate every concert as a step towards healing.(在我的旅行过程中，我了解到我并不孤单。此外，我的经历可能会帮助其他人。我也开始寻找回到我热爱的曲目的方法。在一群处境相似的音乐家的支持下，我现在把每一场音乐会都视为迈向康复的一步)”可知，作者的经历告诉我们“当生活给你柠檬时，你要做柠檬汁”，即面对困境时要积极应对，寻找出路。故选D。 （建议用时：45分钟） 刷模拟 A （2025年·西城·一模） Uday Bhatia’s enthusiasm for technology began in childhood. His interest was awakened when he received a drone (无人机) in the fourth grade, stimulating a curiosity about how machines work. By 14, he had taught himself computer science and created his first video game on Roblox. However, Uday’s passion wasn’t limited to coding and gadgets — he was deeply aware of societal issues. During the pandemic, he developed FindOurTutor, an e-tutoring platform to help students continue learning remotely. At 16, Uday, as part of a mentorship program, visited Bichpuri village in Uttar Pradesh and discovered a critical problem: the villagers faced six-to-eight-hour-long power outages. “When I learned that children were using flashlights and kerosene lamps to study, I wanted to find a solution,” he recalls. His research revealed that while most villages in India had been electrified, unreliable power supply remained a continuing issue in many rural areas, with some states like Rajasthan and Uttarakhand enduring power cuts lasting 10 to 12 hours a day. Determined to help, Uday spent the next six months learning from instructional videos and gathering second-hand components. He worked in his terrace (屋顶) workshop, experimenting with different designs until he developed the Smart OutageGuard (OG), a low-cost backup lightbulb (灯泡) with a lithium-ion battery. The bulb, priced at Rs 250, about half the cost of other options, features dynamic-lumen technology and pulse-width modulation, which allows users to adjust the brightness. This feature extends the bulb’s illumination capacity to up to 10 hours, depending on the brightness level. Since its launch in May 2022, Smart OG bulbs have reached 10,000 homes across eight states. Uday also founded Uday Electric, a for-profit venture that collaborates with distributors, NGOs, retailers, and CSR programs to provide affordable lighting to semi-electrified rural areas. For non-electrified regions, he developed the Glow Grid, a solar-powered lamp, launched this month. Uday’s innovations have earned him several awards, including the 2023 Diana Legacy Award. His long-term goal is to provide low-cost energy to every home, and he’s just getting started. 24. Uday Bhatia’s experience in Bichpuri village influenced him to ________. A. develop an interest in computer science B. create a low-cost, backup-based lightbulb C. launch an e-tutoring platform for students D. study power supply systems in other villages 25. What do we know about Uday’s inventions? A. They make energy easier to access. B. They bring innovation to global markets. C. They focus on sustainable energy solutions. D. They provide affordable lighting for rural areas. 26. Which of the following best describes Uday Bhatia? A. Innovative and commercial. B. Determined and socially aware. C. Creative and environmentally conscious. D. Technologically skilled and competitive. 【答案】24. B 25. D 26. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了乌代·巴蒂亚开发了低成本的锂离子电池备用灯泡，为农村地区提供负担得起的照明。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“He worked in his terrace (屋顶) workshop, experimenting with different designs until he developed the Smart OutageGuard (OG), a low-cost backup lightbulb (灯泡) with a lithium-ion battery. (他在自己的露台工作室里工作，尝试不同的设计，直到他开发出了一种低成本的锂离子电池备用灯泡Smart OutageGuard。)”可知，乌代·巴蒂亚在比奇普里村的经历影响了他创造出一种低成本的备用灯泡。故选B。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Uday also founded Uday Electric, a for-profit venture that collaborates with distributors, NGOs, retailers, and CSR programs to provide affordable lighting to semi-electrified rural areas. (乌代还成立了Uday Electric，这是一家营利性企业，与分销商、非政府组织、零售商和企业社会责任项目合作，为半电气化的农村地区提供负担得起的照明。)”可知，乌代的发明为农村地区提供负担得起的照明。故选D。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“Determined to help, Uday spent the next six months learning from instructional videos and gathering second-hand components. (决心提供帮助，乌代在接下来的六个月里从教学视频中学习，并收集二手部件。)”以及倒数第二段“Uday also founded Uday Electric, a for-profit venture that collaborates with distributors, NGOs, retailers, and CSR programs to provide affordable lighting to semi-electrified rural areas. (乌代还成立了Uday Electric，这是一家营利性企业，与分销商、非政府组织、零售商和企业社会责任项目合作，为半电气化的农村地区提供负担得起的照明。)”可知，乌代·巴蒂亚有决心和社会意识。故选B。 B （2025年·东城·一模） I was in a tiny plane with skydivers in their 70s and 80s, and I was distracted. The reporter in me was trying to remember everything: the preflight rituals (仪式); the jokes; the way the jumpers checked their instruments. The rest of me was focused on the fact that in a few minutes, I would jump out of a plane flying 12,500 feet above the ground. I was reporting on West Ways, a group of skydivers in their late 50s to early 90s. The group was started in 1987 by Ms. West and her husband, and members have jumped together about once a month ever since. This Sunday, they were celebrating their holiday party, which included a gift exchange and a 28-point formation in free fall. As we reached altitude, Mr. West went over the jump formation once more before leading the group in a cheer for my jump. It was time. One by one they jumped. In the air, they grabbed hold of one another, forming the shape of a snowflake. Then it was my turn. Mr. Diaz edged me forward. I took a deep breath. And on the count of three, we leaped into free fall. I had never been so aware of my senses: I felt the cold air against my face and the wind pushing back my arms and legs. After a few seconds, I was able to look around. After a few minutes, we landed. The members of West Ways cheered and clapped me on the back as I tried to catch my breath. Over the next six hours, I interviewed them as they did two more jumps. (I stayed firmly on the ground.) I heard tales about first kisses in free fall and parachuting (跳伞) into weddings. What struck me wasn’t the extraordinary physical accomplishment, but how a long-standing, active community offers a way for those in it to age gracefully. I don’t know whether I’ll skydive again. But I hope that when I’m 80, I can regularly experience a suspension of time with people I’ve known for decades, before we parachute back down to earth. 24. What do we know about West Ways? A. They make jumping a routine. B. They are well trained professionals. C. They set an age limit to new members. D. They are famous for their diving patterns. 25. Why did the author join West Ways that day? A. To celebrate a holiday. B. To try a sport. C. To care for the elderly. D. To cover a story. 26. What impressed the author most about West Ways? A Their optimistic attitude. B. Their lifelong bond. C. Their physical achievements. D. Their remarkable skills. 【答案】24. A 25. D 26. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者参与跳伞并采访老年跳伞团体的经历，并感悟其成员间深厚情谊的故事。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“The group was started in 1987 by Ms. West and her husband, and members have jumped together about once a month ever since. (这个团体是1987年由韦斯特女士和她的丈夫创立的，从那以后，成员们大约每月一起跳伞一次。)” 可知，West Ways把跳伞作为了一种常规活动。故选A。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“The reporter in me was trying to remember everything (我作为记者的那部分自我努力记住一切)”以及第三段“I was reporting on West Ways, a group of skydivers in their late 50s to early 90s. (我正在报道West Ways，一个由 50 多岁到 90 岁出头的跳伞者组成的团体。)”以及后文对跳伞活动的详细描述可知，作者那天加入West Ways是为了报道一个故事。故选D。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“What struck me wasn’t the extraordinary physical accomplishment, but how a long-standing, active community offers a way for those in it to age gracefully. (让我印象深刻的不是他们非凡的身体成就，而是一个长期活跃的社区如何为其中的成员提供一种优雅老去的方式。)”以及最后一段中“But I hope that when I’m 80, I can regularly experience a suspension of time with people I’ve known for decades, before we parachute back down to earth. (但我希望当我 80 岁的时候，我能经常和我认识了几十年的人一起体验时间的暂停，然后我们再跳伞回到地面。)”可知，作者最印象深刻的是West Ways成员之间那种终生的联系和情谊。故选B。 C （2025年·朝阳·一模） Luther Gerlach’s images enrich the permanent collections of the J. Paul Getty Museum in Los Angeles and the National Portrait Gallery in London, among other institutions. While studying his work, one cannot help but revisit the journey he undertook in pursuit of art. Gerlach has dyslexia, a condition that makes it difficult for him to read and spell, and in middle school, it began to affect his studies. At the University of Minnesota, where Gerlach studied biology, his struggle with writing reached a tipping point. Gerlach left the university and entered art school. “Art has never been something that slowed me down, in contrast to the written word,” Gerlach says. After graduating from art school, Gerlach took what he learned and traveled across the United States selling his prints at art fairs. It was the late 1980s, and Gerlach traveled roughly 90,000 miles a year, taking photos along the way. He was making $100,000 a year doing what he loved. But the emergence of digital photography changed everything. Photographers began to use Photoshop to create the hand-brushed quality of Gerlach’s photographs and told customers they were using the same process Gerlach was using. “I would hear them talking — complete lies,” he says. Rather than dive into digital, Gerlach moved into a photographic process that was quite unusual: the wet collodion (火棉胶) process, invented in 1851. The process involves coating a plate of glass or metal with collodion, followed by using a silver nitrate (硝酸银) bath to make the plate sensitive to light. The plate is then placed in a light-tight film holder, with the photo made almost immediately while the plate is still wet. It wasn’t easy when he first started, but Gerlach has always considered “constant problem solving” to be part of the creative process. It made Gerlach feel “present as an artist”. “I saw the final product right there in front of me. The same leaves on the tree that I’m standing in front of are on the image,” Gerlach explains. “The process allowed me to feel more like a photographer instead of a machine that printed prints to sell so I could make money. And when the final product works, nothing else compares to it.” 24. Luther Gerlach’s dyslexia ________. A. forced him to change his major B. drove him to go into business C. made him drop out of middle school D. affected his artistic performance 25. As digital photography emerged, Luther Gerlach ________. A. adopted a unique photographic technique B set off for new places to take photographs C. praised photographers for using Photoshop D. improved the hand-brushed quality of his photos 26. Why did Luther Gerlach prefer the wet collodion process? A. It was cheap and reliable. B. It was easy and efficient. C. It gave him artistic satisfaction. D. It helped him sell prints for profit. 27. What can we learn from this passage? A. Necessity inspires invention. B. Everything comes to those who wait. C Hope for the best; prepare for the worst. D. Dare to be different in a world of copycats. 【答案】24. A 25. A 26. C 27. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了患有阅读障碍症的Luther Gerlach追求艺术生涯的历程。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“At the University of Minnesota, where Gerlach studied biology, his struggle with writing reached a tipping point. Gerlach left the university and entered art school.(在Gerlach学习生物学的明尼苏达大学，他在写作上的困难达到了一个临界点。Gerlach离开大学，进入了艺术学院)”可知，阅读障碍症迫使Gerlach放弃了生物专业，改学艺术专业。故选A。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Rather than dive into digital, Gerlach moved into a photographic process that was quite unusual: the wet collodion (火棉胶) process, invented in 1851.(Gerlach没有深入研究数码技术，而是转向了一种相当不同寻常的摄影方法：1851年发明的湿胶法)”可知，当数码摄影出现时，Gerlach没有跟风研究它， 而是采用了一种独特的摄影技术。故选A。 【26题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“It wasn’t easy when he first started, but Gerlach has always considered “constant problem solving” to be part of the creative process. It made Gerlach feel “present as an artist”.(刚开始的时候并不容易，但Gerlach一直认为“不断解决问题”是创作过程的一部分，这让Gerlach感到“作为一名艺术家的存在”)”和“The process allowed me to feel more like a photographer instead of a machine that printed prints to sell so I could make money. And when the final product works, nothing else compares to it.(这个过程让我觉得自己更像是一个摄影师，而不是一台打印印刷品出售的机器，这样我就可以赚钱。当最终产品成功时，没有什么能与之相比)”可知，Gerlach更喜欢这种湿胶法的过程，是因为这个创作过程让他感受到自己是一名艺术家，最终的作品也是无与伦比的，从而能够获得艺术上的满足感。故选C。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“Rather than dive into digital, Gerlach moved into a photographic process that was quite unusual: the wet collodion (火棉胶) process, invented in 1851.(Gerlach没有深入研究数码技术，而是转向了一种相当不同寻常的摄影方法：1851年发明的湿胶法)”和最后一段“The process allowed me to feel more like a photographer instead of a machine that printed prints to sell so I could make money. And when the final product works, nothing else compares to it.(这个过程让我觉得自己更像是一个摄影师，而不是一台打印印刷品出售的机器，这样我就可以赚钱。当最终作品成功时，没有什么能与之相比)”及全文内容可知，在数码摄影技术兴起的时候，Gerlach并不盲目跟随潮流、模仿他人，而是敢于探索不同的方法，并不断学习和研究，最终创造出无与伦比的作品，可见在一个充斥着模仿者的世界里，他敢于与众不同。故选D。 D （2026年·昌平·期末） My neighbor Mr. Taylor kept a large and white horse named Jasper. He had never panicked, never bitten, never kicked. There was a steady calmness in him that naturally inspired trust. The first time my daughter, Lila, saw Jasper, she stopped mid-step, pointed her tiny finger, and whispered, “Horsey.” Mr. Taylor waved us over. Jasper lowered his great head and Lila pressed her cheek against his nose and giggled (咯咯地笑). From that day forward, Lila wanted to see Jasper every chance she got. Their bond grew deeper. That’s why the knock on my door one evening surprised me so much. It was Mr. Taylor. His face carried a tightness I’d never seen before. “I think,” he began carefully, “that you should take Lila to see a doctor. I know this will sound strange, but Jasper’s been behaving differently around her. He sniffs (嗅) at her constantly. Jasper is a therapy-trained horse. He’s been trained to sense things...changes in people’s health, emotions, sometimes even illnesses.” He paused. “I’ve seen him do this before, with people who were later diagnosed (诊断) with serious conditions.” I stared at him. Part of me wanted to laugh it off. Horses didn’t diagnose illnesses — doctors did. Maybe Mr. Taylor was overreacting. I thanked him and closed the door. For the next two days, a persistent voice reminded me of Jasper’s strange behavior. Finally, I took Lila to the doctor. The appointment began routinely, but then came extra tests. When the doctor came back, his expression told everything before he spoke. “I’m sorry,” he said gently. “The tests show signs of cancer.” The months that followed were the hardest of our lives. And through it all, there was Jasper. He seemed to know just how to behave. He’d lower his great head so she could stroke him without much effort. He stood guard while Lila rested in the straw. It was as if he carried some of her burden for her. There were moments when I truly believed she fought harder because Jasper was waiting for her. He gave her comfort that no doctor, no parent, could provide. After months of treatment, the doctors finally gave us the news we had been desperate to hear: She was getting better. Lila was weak, but she was winning. And I knew that without Jasper — and without Mr. Taylor’s warning — we might never have caught it early enough. 24. Why did Mr. Taylor visit the author one night? A. To check on Lila’s health condition. B. To voice his concerns about Lila’s health. C. To discuss whether to keep Lila off Jasper. D. To ask for help with Jasper’s strange behavior. 25. How did the author initially react to Mr. Taylor’s warning? A. She did not care. B. She argued with him. C. She asked him for proof. D. She relied on his judgment. 26. How did Jasper support Lila during her treatment? A. He acted funny to ease her pain. B. He stood guard to keep visitors away. C. He signaled her change to her mother. D. He offered unusual emotional comfort. 27. What can we learn from the passage? A. Wisdom begins where prejudice ends. B. Loyalty often grows in the soil of trust. C. Wonders can arrive in unexpected forms. D. Courage grows when faced with hardships. 答案 24.B 25. A 26. D 27. C 解析 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一匹名为Jasper的治疗马通过异常行为提示女孩Lila可能患病，促使她及时就医并确诊癌症，在治疗期间，Jasper以独特的情感支持陪伴Lila，帮助她渡过难关，最终康复的故事。 24. B 细节理解题。根据第三段“‘I think,’ he began carefully, ‘that you should take Lila to see a doctor... Jasper’s been behaving differently around her... He’s been trained to sense things... changes in people’s health... illnesses’”可知，Taylor先生拜访作者是为了表达对Lila健康状况的担忧，建议带她去看医生。A选项“检查Lila的健康状况”错误，Taylor先生是提出建议而非直接检查；C选项“讨论是否让Lila远离Jasper”、D选项“请求帮助解决Jasper的异常行为”均与文意不符，故选B。 25. A 细节理解题。根据第四段“I stared at him. Part of me wanted to laugh it off. Horses didn’t diagnose illnesses — doctors did. Maybe Mr. Taylor was overreacting. I thanked him and closed the door”可知，作者最初对Taylor先生的警告并不在意，认为他反应过度。B选项“与他争论”、C选项“要求他提供证据”文中均未提及；D选项“依赖他的判断”与“laugh it off”相悖，故选A。 26. D 细节理解题。根据第五段“He’d lower his great head so she could stroke him without much effort. He stood guard while Lila rested in the straw. It was as if he carried some of her burden for her”和第六段“He gave her comfort that no doctor, no parent, could provide”可知，Jasper通过体贴的陪伴和独特的安抚方式，为Lila提供了非同寻常的情感安慰。A选项“表现得滑稽以缓解她的痛苦”文中未提及；B选项“站岗阻止访客”错误，文中“stood guard”是陪伴守护而非阻止他人；C选项“向母亲暗示她的变化”是Jasper在确诊前的行为，并非治疗期间的支持，故选D。 27. C 推理判断题。通读全文，治疗马Jasper以人们意想不到的方式（通过异常行为提示疾病）帮助Lila及时确诊并康复，体现了“奇迹可能以意想不到的形式出现”的道理。A选项“偏见终结之处便是智慧开始之时”、B选项“忠诚常植根于信任的土壤”、D选项“直面困境方能增长勇气”均未体现文章核心——意外形式带来的积极影响，故选C。 刷真题 A 2025年北京卷B篇 Throughout our Junior year, my classmates and I have been worried about what colleges will see when they look at our whole life story reduced to a single 200-word essay. Will the golden word “success” form in their minds when they review our achievements? Or will they see the big word “fail” in red? The shadow of this mysterious (神秘的) institution steals away what success means to us. My first step of redefining success began with course registrations. It is a well-known fact, especially in my school, that Junior year is the time of packing many AP classes into the schedule. When asked why they chose so many AP classes, my friends responded: “I don’t know.” They themselves don’t know why they are following the crowd and longing for the pressures of academic difficulty. Therefore, they do not feel the satisfaction of being academically challenged. Completing many courses no longer brings out the feeling of success because more than four AP classes per year is a norm set by top universities. Determined to follow my instincts (本能) on what I felt success means, I only chose two classes that I knew I would enjoy. The feeling of success was no longer attached to what grade I received but to the pure joy of learning. Even my failures are attached to a feeling of success; after I take a step back and look at the big picture, I see them as a launching pad (平台) for my next big achievement. In the ninth grade, I went in for my first group interview for a leadership position as a shy girl. Not standing a chance against competitive applicants, I came out of the interview with an upset look. Nevertheless, this interview wasn’t a wasted opportunity. I talked to one of the senior applicants who answered questions in a way that reflected the faith she had in herself. This year, with an open mind and new knowledge in mind, I walked into another group interview while telling myself I was that cool senior. I managed to secure a leadership position. Ultimately, success came little by little. 24. Throughout the Junior year, what was the author’s major concern? A. Pressure from choosing AP classes. B. Performance in group interviews. C. Competition with seniors. D. Recognition by colleges. 25. The author chose fewer AP classes because of _______. A. her own understanding of success B. her desire for academic challenges C. her strong urge to follow the crowd D. her dream of entering a top university 26. Which would best describe the author’s first group interview? A. Dignifying. B. Rewarding. C. Engaging. D. Relaxing. 27. What can we learn from this passage? A. Everyone is the maker of their own success. B. Success favours those with a golden heart. C. Success knocks at your door only once. D. A college holds the key to success. 答案与解析 答案：24. D 25. A 26. B 27. A 解析： 24题：根据第一段“worried about what colleges will see when they look at our whole life story reduced to a single 200-word essay”可知，作者主要担心大学对自己的认可，选D。 25题：根据第三段“Determined to follow my instincts on what I felt success means, I only chose two classes that I knew I would enjoy”可知，作者是基于自己对成功的理解选了更少的AP课，选A。 26题：根据第四段“this interview wasn’t a wasted opportunity. I talked to one of the senior applicants who answered questions in a way that reflected the faith she had in herself”可知，第一次面试让作者有所收获，选B。 27题：通读全文，作者通过自我认知、坚持自我最终获得成功，说明每个人都是自己成功的创造者，选A。 B 2024年北京卷B篇 When I was a little girl, I liked drawing, freely and joyously making marks on the walls at home. In primary school, I learned to write using chalks. Writing seemed to be another form of drawing. I shaped individual letters into repeating lines, which were abstract forms, delightful but meaningless patterns. In secondary school, art was my favourite subject. Since I loved it so much I thought I was good at it. For the art O-level exam I had to present an oil painting. I found it difficult, but still hoped to pass. I failed, with a low grade. I’d been over-confident. Now I’d been declared talentless. But other channels of creativity stayed open: I went on writing poems and stories. Still, I went to exhibitions often. I continued my habitual drawing, which I now characterised as childish doodling (乱画). In my 30s, I made painter friends and learned new ways of looking at art. However, I couldn’t let myself have a go at actually doing it. Though these new friends were abstract painters using oil paints, or were printmakers or sculptors, I took oil painting as the taboo (禁忌) high form I wasn’t allowed to practice. One night, in my early 40s, I dreamed that a big woman in red approached me, handed me a bag of paints, and told me to start painting. The dream felt so authoritative that it shook me. It was a form of energy, giving me back something I’d lost. Accordingly, I started by experimenting with water colours. Finally, I bought some oil paints. Although I have enjoyed breaking my decades-long taboo about working with oil paints, I have discovered I now prefer chalks and ink. I let my line drawings turn into cartoons I send to friends. It all feels free and easy. Un-anxious. This time around, I can accept my limitations but keep going. Becoming a successful painter calls for being resolute. I realised I was always afraid of wanting too much. That dream reminded me that those fears and desires could encourage me to take risks and make experiments. 24. How did the author feel about the result of the art exam? A. Scared. B. Worried. C. Discouraged. D. Wronged. 25. In her 30s, the author _________. A. avoided oil painting practice B. sought for a painting career C. fancied abstract painting D. exhibited child paintings 26. Which word would best describe the author’s dream? A. Confusing. B. Empowering. C. Disturbing. D. Entertaining. 27. What can we learn from this passage? A. Actions speak louder than words. B. Hard work is the mother of success. C. Dreams are the reflections of realities. D. Creative activities involve being confident. 答案与解析 答案：24. C 25. A 26. B 27. D 解析： 24题：根据第二段“I failed, with a low grade. I’d been over-confident. Now I’d been declared talentless”可知，美术考试失利让作者感到气馁，选C。 25题：根据第三段“I took oil painting as the taboo high form I wasn’t allowed to practice”可知，作者30多岁时回避练习油画，选A。 26题：根据第四段“It was a form of energy, giving me back something I’d lost”可知，这个梦赋予了作者力量，选B。 27题：全文讲述作者重拾绘画的信心，说明创作活动需要自信，选D。 C 2023年北京卷B篇 Sitting in the garden for my friend’s birthday. I felt a buzz (振动) in my pocket. My heart raced when I saw the email sender’s name. The email started off: “Dear Mr Green, thank you for your interest” and “the review process took longer than expected.” It ended with “We are sorry to inform you…” and my vision blurred (模糊). The position—measuring soil quality in the Sahara Desert as part of an undergraduate research programme — had felt like the answer I had spent years looking for. I had put so much time and emotional energy into applying, and I thought the rejection meant the end of the road for my science career. So I was shocked when, not long after the email, Professor Mary Devon, who was running the programme, invited me to observe the work being done in her lab. I jumped at the chance, and a few weeks later I was equally shocked—and overjoyed—when she invited me to talk with her about potential projects I could pursue in her lab. What she proposed didn’t seem as exciting as the original project I had applied to, but I was going to give it my all. I found myself working with a robotics professor on techniques for collecting data from the desert remotely. That project, which I could complete from my sofa instead of in the burning heat of the desert, not only survived the lockdown but worked where traditional methods didn’t. In the end, I had a new scientific interest to pursue. When I applied to graduate school, I found three programmes promising to allow me to follow my desired research direction. And I applied with the same anxious excitement as before. When I was rejected from one that had seemed like a perfect fit, it was undoubtedly difficult. But this time I had the perspective (视角) to keep it from sending me into panic. It helped that in the end I was accepted into one of the other programmes I was also excited about. Rather than setting plans in stone, I’ve learned that sometimes I need to take the opportunities that are offered, even if they don’t sound perfect at the time, and make the most of them. 24. How did the author feel upon seeing the email sender’s name? A. Anxious. B. Angry. C. Surprised. D. Settled. 25. After talking with Professor Devon, the author decided to ________. A. criticise the review process B. stay longer in the Sahara Desert C. apply to the original project again D. put his heart and soul into the lab work 26. According to the author, the project with the robotics professor was ________. A. demanding B. inspiring C. misleading D. amusing 27. What can we learn from this passage? A. An invitation is a reputation. B. An innovation is a resolution. C. A rejection can be a redirection. D. A reflection can be a restriction. 答案与解析 答案：24. A 25. D 26. B 27. C 解析： 24题：根据第一段“My heart raced when I saw the email sender’s name”可知，作者看到邮件发件人时感到焦虑，选A。 25题：根据第三段“What she proposed didn’t seem as exciting as the original project I had applied to, but I was going to give it my all”可知，作者决定全身心投入实验室工作，选D。 26题：根据第四段“I had a new scientific interest to pursue”可知，这个项目让作者有了新的科研兴趣，是鼓舞人心的，选B。 27题：作者两次被拒后都迎来了新的机会，说明拒绝可能是人生的重新定位，选C。 D 2022年北京卷B篇 My name is Alice. Early last year, I was troubled by an anxiety that crippled ( 削弱 ) my ability to do anything. I felt like a storm cloud hung over me. For almost a year I struggled on, constantly staring at this wall that faced me. My perfectionist tendencies were the main root of this: I wanted to be perfect at whatever I did, which obviously in life is not possible, but it consumed me. One day, I attended a presentation by wildlife conservationist Grant Brown at my high school. His presentation not only awed and inspired me, but also helped emerge an inner desire to make a difference in the world. I joined a pre-presentation dinner with him and that smaller setting allowed me to slowly build up my courage to speak one-on-one with him—an idea that had seemed completely impossible. This first contact was where my story began. A month later, Brown invited me to attend the World Youth Wildlife Conference. Looking back, I now see that this would be the first in a series of timely opportunities that my old self would have let pass, but that this new and more confident Alice enthusiastically seized. Shortly after I received his invitation, applications to join the Youth for Nature and the Youth for Planet groups were sent around through my high school. I decided to commit to completing the applications, and soon I was a part of a growing global team of young people working to protect nature. Each of these new steps continued to grow my confidence. I am writing this just six months since my journey began and I’ve realised that my biggest obstacle ( 障碍 ) this whole time was myself. It was that voice in the back of my head telling me that one phrase that has stopped so many people from reaching their potential: I can’t. They say good things come to those who wait; I say: grab every opportunity with everything you have and be impatient. After all, nature does not require our patience, but our action. 24. What was the main cause for Alice’s anxiety? A. Her inability to act her age. B. Her habit of consumption. C. Her desire to be perfect. D. Her lack of inspiration. 25. How did Grant Brown’s presentation influence Alice? A. She decided to do something for nature. B. She tasted the sweetness of friendship. C. She learned about the harm of desire. D. She built up her courage to speak up. 26. The activities Alice joined in helped her to become more ________. A. intelligent B. confident C. innovative D. critical 27. What can we learn from this passage? A. Practice makes perfect. B. Patience is a cure of anxiety. C. Action is worry’s worst enemy. D. Everything comes to those who wait. 答案与解析 答案：24. C 25. A 26. B 27. C 解析： 24题：根据第一段“My perfectionist tendencies were the main root of this: I wanted to be perfect at whatever I did”可知，完美主义的渴望是Alice焦虑的主因，选C。 25题：根据第二段“helped emerge an inner desire to make a difference in the world”及第三段“protect nature”可知，演讲让Alice决定为自然做些事，选A。 26题：根据第三段“Each of these new steps continued to grow my confidence”可知，这些活动让Alice更自信，选B。 27题：根据最后一段“nature does not require our patience, but our action”可知，行动是对抗焦虑的最好方式，选C。 E 2021年北京卷B篇 I remember the day during our first week of class when we were informed about our semester（学期） project of volunteering at a non-profit organization．When the teacher introduced us to the different organizations that needed our help，my last choice was Operation Iraqi Children （OIC）．My first impression of the organization was that it was not going to make enough of a difference with the plans I had in mind． Then，an OIC representative gave us some details，which somewhat interested me．After doing some research， I believed that we could really do something for those kids．When I went online to the OIC website，I saw pictures of the Iraqi children．Their faces were so powerful in sending a message of their despair（绝望） and need that I joined this project without hesitation．We decided to collect as many school supplies as possible，and make them into kits——one kit，one child． The most rewarding day for our group was project day，when all the efforts we put into collecting the items finally came together．When I saw the various supplies we had collected，it hit me that every kit we were to build that day would eventually be in the hands of an Iraqi child．Over the past four months，I had never imagined how I would feel once our project was completed．While making the kits，I realized that I had lost sight of the true meaning behind it．I had only focused on the fact that it was another school project and one I wanted to get a good grade on．When the kits were completed，and ready to be sent overseas，the warm feeling I had was one I would never forget． In the beginning，I dared myself to make a difference in the life of another person．Now that our project is over，I realize that I have affected not only one life，but ten．With our efforts，ten young boys and girls will now be able to further their education． 24. How did the author feel about joining the OIC project in the beginning？ A. It would affect his/her initial plans． B. It would involve traveling overseas． C. It would not bring him/her a good grade． D. It would not live up to his/her expectations． 25. What mainly helped the author change his/her attitude toward the project？ A. Images of Iraqi children． B. Research by his/her classmates． C. A teacher's introduction． D. A representative's comments． 26. The author's OIC project group would help ten Iraqi children to________． A. become OIC volunteers B. further their education C. study in foreign countries D. influence other children 27. What can we conclude from this passage？ A. One's potential cannot always be underrated． B. First impression cannot always be trusted． C. Actions speak louder than words． D. He who hesitates is lost． 答案与解析 答案：24. D 25. A 26. B 27. B 解析： 24题：根据第一段“My first impression of the organization was that it was not going to make enough of a difference with the plans I had in mind”可知，作者最初认为OIC项目达不到自己的期望，选D。 25题：根据第二段“I saw pictures of the Iraqi children... I joined this project without hesitation”可知，伊拉克孩子的照片改变了作者的态度，选A。 26题：根据最后一段“ten young boys and girls will now be able to further their education”可知，项目帮助十个伊拉克孩子继续学业，选B。 27题：作者最初对OIC的第一印象很差，最后却收获满满，说明第一印象不总是可信的，选B。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题01 阅读理解记叙文 （建议用时：45分钟） 刷模拟 A 【答案】24. B 25. D 26. B B 【答案】24. A 25. D 26. B C 【答案】24. A 25. A 26. C 27. D D 【答案】24.B 25. A 26. D 27. C 刷真题 A 【答案】24. D 25. A 26. B 27. A B 【答案】24. C 25. A 26. B 27. D C 【答案】24. A 25. D 26. B 27. C D 【答案】24. C 25. A 26. B 27. C E 【答案】24. D 25. A 26. B 27. B 1 4 / 20 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $