秘籍07 七选五（抢分秘籍）（北京专用） 2026年高考英语终极冲刺讲练测

专题07 七选五 目录 一、七选五应试秘籍................................................................. .................................................... .....................01 二、七选五误区点拨............................................................ ................ ........................... .............. ..................01 三、抢分通关.............................................................................................................................. .........................05 四、语篇押题................................................................... ...................................................................... .............07 秘籍：解答七选五，突破口是首先找逻辑关系和词汇复现 具体步骤如下： 第一步：先看选项，圈出三类关键词 (1) 逻辑词：however, but, so, therefore, first, second, because, additionally等 (2) 代词：it, they, this, that, these, those 等 (3) 名词 / 动词：和文章主题相关的核心词 第二步：看空格前后句，判断逻辑 (1) 看前句：确定话题是什么 (2) 看后句：找指代、转折、因果、并列 (3) 确定空格应填：总结、转折、原因、举例、递进 第三步：匹配 “词汇复现” 选项与前后句出现相同词、近义词、同话题词，基本就是答案。 第四步：代入通读，验证通顺 确保上下文连贯、逻辑合理、无突兀感。 易错点1：只翻译意思，不找线索，凭感觉选，忽略逻辑词、代词、复现词，最容易错。 秘籍：一般选项一定会有相关的逻辑词、代词、复现词或者结构。 (2025•北京卷) What is adulthood? Societies all over the world view the concept of an adult as self-supporting and self-directed, because it identifies a point in the life cycle. As Alice Black points out, today’s parents’ fear of letting kids do more housework has added to their inability to feel competent and, thus, confident in themselves. Psychologist Robert Turner wrote about this in his book, The Life Cycle, mentioning a stage when kids learn self-direction and mastery. 35 A．It’s also our job to support adults who need help repairing incomplete life cycles. B．They talk about someone’s inability to support themselves through work. C．It’s being able to show understanding when communicating with others. D．In other words, you’re playing the game of life — life isn’t playing you. E．They teach emotional awareness and management as well as identity. F．You feel like an 18-year old, especially when playing 80s music. G．When this stage is denied it creates a sense of insecurity. 易错分析： 容易选B 讲 “无法工作养活自己”，本段没提工作，话题跑偏。选 B上文讲 a stage（这个阶段），G 里 this stage 完美呼应。 变式：(2024•北京卷) If you want to develop maximum credibility (可信性), is it better to be a hedgehog (刺猬) or a fox? According to Isaiah Berlin, the hedgehog knows one thing very well, and the fox knows a lot of things. Is there a clear advantage of one style over the other? Hedgehog thinkers tend to answer yes. 35 And they are usually very credible in doing so. According to Jim Hart, the “hedgehog concept” is one of the factors that lead companies to greatness. They focus on one thing and do it really well. A．In other words, there are clear advantages for each. B．They are more likely to remember people’s mistakes. C．Hence, they have the advantage of clarity and confidence. D．But there can be a downside to concentration on one big thing. E．However, hedgehogs remain open to others’ reactions and inputs. F．When something is contradictory to their view, they don’t treat it as exceptional. G．They come down squarely on one side or the other and fully support their position. 易错分析： 易错：C，指代是复数代词，容易干扰选项。但C 是结果（优势），这里需要先写做法，G 更顺。 易错点2：只看空格前句或者后句，上下文断裂。 秘籍：瞻前顾后，逻辑清晰，不只看前句。 (2024•北京卷) The advantage that foxes have is that they are more likely to seek out new information from a broader range of sources, and are comfortable with uncertainty and new information. 38 They try to include it in their viewpoint rather than to exclude it from their thinking. They also have a clearer estimation of what they know and don’t know. A．In other words, there are clear advantages for each. B．They are more likely to remember people’s mistakes. C．Hence, they have the advantage of clarity and confidence. D．But there can be a downside to concentration on one big thing. E．However, hedgehogs remain open to others’ reactions and inputs. F．When something is contradictory to their view, they don’t treat it as exceptional. G．They come down squarely on one side or the other and fully support their position. 易错分析： 易错：E，看到open容易对上原文的include, 但是E 主语是刺猬，本段讲狐狸，主体错。 变式：(2023•北京卷) Emerging research suggests that courses in lower-ranked universities, on average, scored higher on teaching than courses in higher-ranked universities. ____37____ The absence of teaching excellence from the rankings is surprising given the link between high-quality teaching and student success. Quality teaching is one of the most important predictors of a wide range of college outcomes. A. Higher education has achieved its true potential. B. Therefore, it’s not highly valued in hiring or promotion. C. Quality teaching has been an important reputation-building factor. D. However, the rankings ignore a critical factor: the quality of teaching. E. Efforts to improve teaching at the university level have recently emerged. F. They’re even more surprised at how teaching is undervalued by universities. G. In fact, universities often shift emphasis from teaching to other ranking factors. 易错分析： 易错：C. Quality teaching has been an important reputation-building factor. “优质教学是建立声誉的关键”,其中包含关键词quality teaching, 但是C选项和本段 “教学被忽视” 相反。而同时注重山下问可知：上文：排名低的大学教学评分反而更高，下文：排名里没有教学质量，推出逻辑：学校为了排名，不重视教学。 易错点3：纠结干扰项，看着意思相关，有时甚至有关键词对应，但逻辑不通顺。 秘籍：排除只有关键词重复或者只有翻译稍微通顺的选项，找到前后句的关系。 (2023•北京卷) It’s a joyful and stressful time of year in the United States for students and their families as they make decisions about where to attend college. Families often turn to rankings systems to help make a decision. ____35____ When I talk to families as a scholar of higher education, they’re often surprised that teaching excellence is not counted in rankings. A. Higher education has achieved its true potential. B. Therefore, it’s not highly valued in hiring or promotion. C. Quality teaching has been an important reputation-building factor. D. However, the rankings ignore a critical factor: the quality of teaching. E. Efforts to improve teaching at the university level have recently emerged. F. They’re even more surprised at how teaching is undervalued by universities. G. In fact, universities often shift emphasis from teaching to other ranking factors. 易错分析： 容易错选：G In fact, universities often shift emphasis from teaching to other ranking factors. 因为其中也有ranking这个关键词，但是它是指 “学校把重心从教学转向排名因素”，但根据下文可知第 35 空需要衔接排名和教学的关系，D 更直接。 变式：(2022•北京卷) It is important for everyone to devote some time to health and fitness. ____38____ For instance, we must exercise daily regardless of our age and working style. There are different levels of exercises for different age groups and we must do them according to our own health and age. A. Fitness levels decide the quality of life. B. Health and fitness are interrelated to each other. C. It also helps in keeping us calm and relaxes our mind. D. For instance, we may have a tendency to catch a cold easily. E. If we keep our body fit, we can enjoy life in a better manner. F. There are some activities which everyone should do in our life. G. This makes our body suffer and we will catch other diseases. 易错分析：易错选项：B。干扰原因：有关键词Health and fitness。但是如果选这个选项，和上文联系比较多，和下文和整段主旨无关，逻辑不顺。 【押题新高考题型一】个人成长类 【新动向】（2026 北京市东城区 期末）We use our imagination in many ways. Novelists rely on it to dream up plots, characters and scenes. Artists use it to produce new works. ____35____ For adults, however, one of the most common uses of imagination is counterfactual thinking. Do you often find yourself lost in deep thoughts about what could have been? Imagining alternatives, different outcomes and reflecting on your choices? If so, then you’ve engaged in the cognitive process called counterfactual thinking, a psychological exercise that enables us to imagine “what if” situations and explore how different choices or circumstances might lead to different results. ____36____ Following it, we can see how things would have been if something else had been changed. Counterfactual thinking can be a powerful tool for behavior regulation. For example, Sam applied for a job but wasn’t given an opportunity. In this case, he thought “If I had prepared more thoroughly, could I have impressed the interviewer enough for him to hire me?” Sam might understand some of the factors that contributed to his job application outcome and do better next time. ____37____ By imagining alternative scenarios (场景) and reflecting on our actions, we can identify mistakes, learn from them, and adjust our behavior for the future. ____38____ When taken to extremes, counterfactual thinking can lead to endless regret. We’ve all been there—lying awake at night, replaying embarrassing moments or missed opportunities, torturing ourselves with “what ifs”. This kind of excessive counterfactual thinking can be a typical feature of overthinking, and it can have serious negative impacts on our mental health and well-being. ____39____ This way, we can use it constructively without falling into an unproductive thought cycle. A. It is like rewriting history mentally. B. Considering the “what if” question clearly offers benefits. C. Yet letting your imagination run wild isn’t always productive. D. Children entertain themselves by creating fantastical worlds in their minds. E. However, it can sometimes lead us to get lost in our counterfactual thinking. F. The process of thinking will make us think about problems and improve creativity. G. We should find a balance between learning from the past and accepting what cannot be undone. 【押题新高考题型二】社会认知类 【新动向】（2026 北京市西城区 期末）Everyone wants to live in a good neighborhood. And for a good reason: External conditions matter to our health and well-being. ____35____ If the human mind is likened to a society, then the mindset — those beliefs, processes, cognitive (认知的) resources and habits that are readily accessible and familiar — represents the internal neighborhood. Just as the external environment affects health, so does the internal environment. Research shows that crime in your neighborhood can impact health, even if you’re not directly impacted by the violence. ____36____ A chaotic or violent mindset may also have similar effects to those of a low-quality external neighborhood. ____37____ Just knowing that there is a nice park, a good restaurant, or a friendly neighbor in my neighborhood adds to my quality of life, even if I don’t use these resources that often. The same goes for the mental neighborhood. For example, merely recognizing my creative impulse as an important aspect of my internal makeup — acknowledging and valuing it — will improve my sense of well-being even when I am not actively involved in creative activity. Community exercises much of its effect through physical and behavioral engagement: You go places and do things.____38____ If you spend time at the local coffee house, you’re engaged in your community. If you spend time regularly practicing, say, an attitude of gratitude — an awareness of the good, fortunate things in your life — then your mental neighborhood includes a gratitude component. Finding, moving into, and nurturing our connections to a high-quality neighborhood takes much effort, yet the health-related payoff is high. The same goes for the mental neighborhood. ____39____ Then you can bring these mind elements to the forefront of your consciousness through mental engagement and practice. A. At the same time, internal conditions matter too. B. Neighborhoods affect health through multiple paths of influence. C. Possible effects include increases in blood pressure and anxiety. D. Both structural and social aspects of a neighborhood can affect your well-being. E. Likewise, the mental neighborhood is built on cognitive and emotional engagement. F. Try to identify your healthy cognitive processes, core values, and constructive beliefs. G. Moreover, a high-quality neighborhood affects your health even if you don’t use its offerings. 【押题新高考题型三】实用建议类 【新动向】（2026 北京市石景山区 期末）Many students have started to use AI-powered chatbots as study helpers. They ask the tool to explain grammar points, generate example sentences or even solve math problems. Some simply copy and paste the answers into their homework without even reading them carefully. ____35____ So learning how to use AI wisely has become a new study skill. ____36____ When you see it as a thinking partner, you are more likely to stay active in the learning process instead of becoming lazy. ____37____ Vague (含糊的) requests like “teach me chemistry” or “explain this whole unit” are hard for any tool to answer well. Start by telling the tool which subject you’re working on and what kind of help you want, such as explanation, practice or revision. That way, the AI knows what to focus on and can give more helpful replies. Next, do not believe every answer you see on the screen. ____38____ When you receive an answer, compare it with your textbook, class notes or reliable websites, and mark the parts you are unsure about. When you do this regularly, you gradually train yourself to judge information instead of copying it blindly. AI can also support active practice, not just passive explanation. ____39____ Choose one and you can ask it to be your debate opponent, an examiner for a speaking test or a “picky” editor for your writing. In this way, you turn a quiet screen into an interactive learning partner. A. The first step is to be clear about what you need. B. Some students even share their personal data with AI tools. C. Many tools can respond in real time and adjust to your level. D. Instead of letting it write full essays for you, treat it as a learning partner. E. Because of this habit, their own thinking skills become weaker over time. F. Just like a human instructor, AI can make mistakes or misunderstand the question. G. Used in this way, AI multiplies the learning value of every minute you spend online. 语篇押题1 【新动向】（2026 北京市朝阳区 期末）For most of us, frisson, an intense emotional pleasure accompanied by tears and goosebumps(鸡皮疙瘩), is something that happens unexpectedly and rarely. But what if there was a way you could experience this feeling more? The answer may lie in the art of ”slow looking“. Slow looking is the act of observing an artwork for an extended period of time. That could be an uninterrupted five minutes, an hour, or even an entire day. ____35____ However, slow looking extends beyond a gallery setting. It’s similar to meditation (冥想), but it’s not limited to keeping us focused on the breath and closed eyes. ____36____ In many ways, it is the art of simply noticing, without distractions, and without giving in to the urge to make it a “productive” activity. So how to try slow looking? It might take some time to get used to. ____37____. Whether it’s observing a work of art, gardening, staring out the window during your next train journey, birdwatching, or pausing during a woodland walk to observe the plant life around you, there are countless ways to slow look every day. ____38____ When we slow down, the “rest and digest” mode of our nervous system rises up. This relaxation of mind creates space for new thoughts and feelings to surface. This is when we might start to notice small things in our environment. ____39____ We simply notice. We become the witness, causing a small yet profound shift that supports reduced anxiety, and improved overall well-being. A. Slow looking offers valuable mental benefits. B. But it’s something we could start adding to our daily life. C. Certain kinds of art may be better suited for slow looking than others. D. Experts recommend going to an art exhibition when there are fewer people. E. It is based on the idea that to understand an artwork, you need to spend time with it. F. Instead, it takes us out into the sensory world in which light shifts and wind whispers. G. For example, leaves dancing in the wind and the wing beats of a bird passing overhead reveal themselves. 语篇押题2 【新考向】（2026·北京市丰台区·期末）We now know a good amount about the mechanisms of dreaming. However, we have little insight into its function. Some argue that we don’t need to understand what dreams are for. ____35____ Recently, this idea has been challenged by a new idea, which seeks to apply the lessons of “deep learning” — a type of machine processing that uses artificial neural networks to learn from data — to the study of dreaming. From a deep learning perspective, learning is about fine-tuning a huge, layered network of connections based on a limited set of example data. The hope is that the performance generalises beyond the training data set to new unseen data sets. ____36____ Networks can get so fine-tuned to the specifics of the data set they are trained on that they fail to generalize to new ones. This is called overfitting, and it is a ubiquitous problem in deep learning. ____37____ Animals’ days are statistically pretty self-similar. Their “training set” is limited and biased. Yet an animal needs to generalize from the limited things it has seen and done to survive. This is the “overfitted brain hypothesis” (OBH): that animals are constantly in danger of fitting themselves too well to their daily lives and tasks. ____38____ Dreams are “noise injections (注入)” that serve the purpose of counteracting the overfitting associated with learning. ____39____ According to the OBH, dreams are exactly this: self-generated corrupted inputs. And the act of dreaming has the effect of improving generalization and performance in waking life. The OBH hypothesis is — as yet — untested but is one of the few that takes dreams seriously, rather than as an unexplained by-product of other processes. A. Perhaps they are just a by-product of sleep. B. This fine-tuning process is highly efficient and specialized. C. Dreams could be a way to beat back the tide of daily overfitting. D. This is good reason to think the brain faces an identical challenge. E. Thus, the brain strengthens the most important memories from the day. F. But it doesn’t always work because training data sets are often naturally biased. G. You can’t inject randomization on an awake brain but you can do it when it is offline. 语篇押题3 【新语境】（2026 北京市海淀区 期末）We are faced with increasing pressure to make sensible decisions about every aspect of our lives — from choosing the healthiest breakfast option to finding a school or university to attend. Make the correct choice and you can give yourself a pat on the back. ____35____ Psychologists have found that people’s approaches to decision-making tend to fit into one of two categories. You are either a maximiser — a person who strives to make a choice that will give them the maximum benefit later on — or a satisfier, whose choices are determined by more modest criteria and nothing more. Given that maximisers task themselves with making the most informed, intelligent decisions, we might expect that the outcome of their approach would be superior. This assumption, however, has been contradicted by numerous studies. Studies have found that maximisers are often less effective in a decision-making environment. They tend to exhaust all options in search of the perfect choice.____36____ Setting unachievable goals may itself get in the way of making good decisions. ____37____ The abundance of alternatives can overwhelm even the most diligent decision-makers. In The Paradox of Choice, U.S. psychologist Barry Schwartz looked at the proliferation (激增) of choices that are available to us in our everyday lives. He found that an increased range of options does not necessarily lead to higher satisfaction with the outcome of a decision.____38____ Maximisers tend to experience a sense of “buyer’s regret” following a decision, doubting whether it was correct, and imagining how life would have been had they chosen a different path.____39____ While a maximising approach might seem an optimal approach to decision-making, our energy may be better spent satisficing and appreciating what we have, rather than what we might have had. A. Make a bad decision and you can be left with feelings of regret. B. We are often overwhelmed by the abundance of choices we face. C. A satisficer is usually much more efficient and mentally less burdened. D. This problem is especially pronounced in a world where options seem endless. E. By contrast, a satisficer accepts his choice as good enough, even if it’s not the best. F. In other words, maximisers struggle to stop searching despite a good enough option. G. If anything, choice may in fact limit our ability to enjoy and appreciate what we have. 2 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题07 七选五 目录 一、七选五应试秘籍................................................................. .................................................... .....................01 二、七选五误区点拨............................................................ ................ ........................... .............. ..................01 三、抢分通关.............................................................................................................................. .........................06 四、语篇押题................................................................... ...................................................................... .............11 秘籍：解答七选五，突破口是首先找逻辑关系和词汇复现 具体步骤如下： 第一步：先看选项，圈出三类关键词 (1) 逻辑词：however, but, so, therefore, first, second, because, additionally等 (2) 代词：it, they, this, that, these, those 等 (3) 名词 / 动词：和文章主题相关的核心词 第二步：看空格前后句，判断逻辑 (1) 看前句：确定话题是什么 (2) 看后句：找指代、转折、因果、并列 (3) 确定空格应填：总结、转折、原因、举例、递进 第三步：匹配 “词汇复现” 选项与前后句出现相同词、近义词、同话题词，基本就是答案。 第四步：代入通读，验证通顺 确保上下文连贯、逻辑合理、无突兀感。 易错点1：只翻译意思，不找线索，凭感觉选，忽略逻辑词、代词、复现词，最容易错。 秘籍：一般选项一定会有相关的逻辑词、代词、复现词或者结构。 (2025•北京卷) What is adulthood? Societies all over the world view the concept of an adult as self-supporting and self-directed, because it identifies a point in the life cycle. As Alice Black points out, today’s parents’ fear of letting kids do more housework has added to their inability to feel competent and, thus, confident in themselves. Psychologist Robert Turner wrote about this in his book, The Life Cycle, mentioning a stage when kids learn self-direction and mastery. 35 A．It’s also our job to support adults who need help repairing incomplete life cycles. B．They talk about someone’s inability to support themselves through work. C．It’s being able to show understanding when communicating with others. D．In other words, you’re playing the game of life — life isn’t playing you. E．They teach emotional awareness and management as well as identity. F．You feel like an 18-year old, especially when playing 80s music. G．When this stage is denied it creates a sense of insecurity. 【答案】G 【解析】由上文“As Alice Black points out, today’s parents’ fear of letting kids do more housework has added to their inability to feel competent and, thus, confident in themselves. Psychologist Robert Turner wrote about this in his book, The Life Cycle, mentioning a stage when kids learn self-direction and mastery. (正如Alice Black所指出的，如今父母害怕让孩子做更多家务，这加剧了孩子们无法感受到自身的能力，进而也导致他们对自己缺乏自信。心理学家Robert Turner在他的著作《生命周期》中提到了这一点，他提到了孩子们学习自我指导和掌握技能的阶段。)”可知，本空应强调这个阶段的重要性或缺失这个阶段会带来什么影响。G选项“When this stage is denied it creates a sense of insecurity. (当这个阶段被剥夺时，就会产生一种不安全感。)”符合题意，承接上文，说明了这个阶段被剥夺的后果。故选G。 易错分析： 容易选B 讲 “无法工作养活自己”，本段没提工作，话题跑偏。选 B上文讲 a stage（这个阶段），G 里 this stage 完美呼应。 变式：(2024•北京卷) If you want to develop maximum credibility (可信性), is it better to be a hedgehog (刺猬) or a fox? According to Isaiah Berlin, the hedgehog knows one thing very well, and the fox knows a lot of things. Is there a clear advantage of one style over the other? Hedgehog thinkers tend to answer yes. 35 And they are usually very credible in doing so. According to Jim Hart, the “hedgehog concept” is one of the factors that lead companies to greatness. They focus on one thing and do it really well. A．In other words, there are clear advantages for each. B．They are more likely to remember people’s mistakes. C．Hence, they have the advantage of clarity and confidence. D．But there can be a downside to concentration on one big thing. E．However, hedgehogs remain open to others’ reactions and inputs. F．When something is contradictory to their view, they don’t treat it as exceptional. G．They come down squarely on one side or the other and fully support their position. 【答案】G 【解析】根据上文“Hedgehog thinkers tend to answer yes.(拥有“刺猬”型思维方式的人倾向于给出肯定的答案)” 可知，拥有“刺猬”型思维方式的人倾向于给出肯定的答案，G项中They 指代上文中的Hedgehog，G项“他们明确地站在一边或另一边，并全力支持自己的立场”说明拥有“刺猬”型思维方式的人往往有明确的立场，承接上文，符合语境。故选G。 易错分析： 易错：C，指代是复数代词，容易干扰选项。但C 是结果（优势），这里需要先写做法，G 更顺。 易错点2：只看空格前句或者后句，上下文断裂。 秘籍：瞻前顾后，逻辑清晰，不只看前句。 (2024•北京卷) The advantage that foxes have is that they are more likely to seek out new information from a broader range of sources, and are comfortable with uncertainty and new information. 38 They try to include it in their viewpoint rather than to exclude it from their thinking. They also have a clearer estimation of what they know and don’t know. A．In other words, there are clear advantages for each. B．They are more likely to remember people’s mistakes. C．Hence, they have the advantage of clarity and confidence. D．But there can be a downside to concentration on one big thing. E．However, hedgehogs remain open to others’ reactions and inputs. F．When something is contradictory to their view, they don’t treat it as exceptional. G．They come down squarely on one side or the other and fully support their position. 【答案】F 【解析】根据上文“The advantage that foxes have is that they are more likely to seek out new information from a broader range of sources, and are comfortable with uncertainty and new information. (“狐狸”型思维方式的人的优势在于，他们更有可能从更广泛的来源中寻找新信息，并且对不确定性和新信息感到舒适)”和下文“They try to include it in their viewpoint rather than to exclude it from their thinking. (他们试图将其纳入自己的观点，而不是将其排除在自己的思维之外)”可知，此处介绍拥有“狐狸”型思维方式的人处理事情的方式。F项“当某件事与他们的观点相矛盾时，他们不会把它当作例外”承上启下，符合语境。故选F。 易错分析： 易错：E，看到open容易对上原文的include, 但是E 主语是刺猬，本段讲狐狸，主体错。 变式：(2023•北京卷) Emerging research suggests that courses in lower-ranked universities, on average, scored higher on teaching than courses in higher-ranked universities. ____37____ The absence of teaching excellence from the rankings is surprising given the link between high-quality teaching and student success. Quality teaching is one of the most important predictors of a wide range of college outcomes. A. Higher education has achieved its true potential. B. Therefore, it’s not highly valued in hiring or promotion. C. Quality teaching has been an important reputation-building factor. D. However, the rankings ignore a critical factor: the quality of teaching. E. Efforts to improve teaching at the university level have recently emerged. F. They’re even more surprised at how teaching is undervalued by universities. G. In fact, universities often shift emphasis from teaching to other ranking factors. 【答案】 G 【解析】空前内容“Emerging research suggests that courses in lower-ranked universities, on average, scored higher on teaching than courses in higher-ranked universities.(最新的研究表明，排名较低的大学的课程在教学方面的平均得分高于排名较高的大学的课程。)”以及空后内容“The absence of teaching excellence from the rankings is surprising given the link between high-quality teaching and student success. Quality teaching is one of the most important predictors of a wide range of college outcomes.(考虑到高质量教学与学生成功之间的联系，排名中没有优秀教学令人惊讶。优质教学是衡量大学成绩的最重要因素之一。)”讲述的都是大学排名中没有考虑到教学。选项G“In fact, universities often shift emphasis from teaching to other ranking factors.(事实上，大学经常把重点从教学转移到其他排名因素上。)”与上下文内容相一致，故选G。 易错分析： 易错：C. Quality teaching has been an important reputation-building factor. “优质教学是建立声誉的关键”,其中包含关键词quality teaching, 但是C选项和本段 “教学被忽视” 相反。而同时注重山下问可知：上文：排名低的大学教学评分反而更高，下文：排名里没有教学质量，推出逻辑：学校为了排名，不重视教学。 易错点3：纠结干扰项，看着意思相关，有时甚至有关键词对应，但逻辑不通顺。 秘籍：排除只有关键词重复或者只有翻译稍微通顺的选项，找到前后句的关系。 (2023•北京卷) It’s a joyful and stressful time of year in the United States for students and their families as they make decisions about where to attend college. Families often turn to rankings systems to help make a decision. ____35____ When I talk to families as a scholar of higher education, they’re often surprised that teaching excellence is not counted in rankings. A. Higher education has achieved its true potential. B. Therefore, it’s not highly valued in hiring or promotion. C. Quality teaching has been an important reputation-building factor. D. However, the rankings ignore a critical factor: the quality of teaching. E. Efforts to improve teaching at the university level have recently emerged. F. They’re even more surprised at how teaching is undervalued by universities. G. In fact, universities often shift emphasis from teaching to other ranking factors. 【答案】D 【解析】上文讲到：Families often turn to rankings systems…（家庭常看排名），下文：teaching excellence is not counted in rankings（排名不看优秀教学）而根据下文内容也可以推断，排名中存在的问题是教学质量被忽略。故选D。 易错分析： 容易错选：G In fact, universities often shift emphasis from teaching to other ranking factors. 因为其中也有ranking这个关键词，但是它是指 “学校把重心从教学转向排名因素”，但根据下文可知第 35 空需要衔接排名和教学的关系，D 更直接。 变式：(2022•北京卷) It is important for everyone to devote some time to health and fitness. ____38____ For instance, we must exercise daily regardless of our age and working style. There are different levels of exercises for different age groups and we must do them according to our own health and age. A. Fitness levels decide the quality of life. B. Health and fitness are interrelated to each other. C. It also helps in keeping us calm and relaxes our mind. D. For instance, we may have a tendency to catch a cold easily. E. If we keep our body fit, we can enjoy life in a better manner. F. There are some activities which everyone should do in our life. G. This makes our body suffer and we will catch other diseases. 【答案】 F 【解析】根据空前“It is important for everyone to devote some time to health and fitness.(对每个人来说，花些时间在健康和健身方面是很重要的。)”可知我们应该花时间去健身，根据空后“For instance, we must exercise daily regardless of our age and working style.(例如，我们必须每天锻炼，不管我们的年龄和工作方式。)”可知我们应该每天坚持锻炼，空处承上启下，所以空处应该讲的是我们应该通过哪些活动来进行锻炼，F项“There are some activities which everyone should do in our life.(在我们的生活中有一些活动是每个人都应该做的。)”承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文语境。故选F项。 易错分析：易错选项：B。干扰原因：有关键词Health and fitness。但是如果选这个选项，和上文联系比较多，和下文和整段主旨无关，逻辑不顺。 【押题新高考题型一】个人成长类 【新动向】（2026 北京市东城区 期末）We use our imagination in many ways. Novelists rely on it to dream up plots, characters and scenes. Artists use it to produce new works. ____35____ For adults, however, one of the most common uses of imagination is counterfactual thinking. Do you often find yourself lost in deep thoughts about what could have been? Imagining alternatives, different outcomes and reflecting on your choices? If so, then you’ve engaged in the cognitive process called counterfactual thinking, a psychological exercise that enables us to imagine “what if” situations and explore how different choices or circumstances might lead to different results. ____36____ Following it, we can see how things would have been if something else had been changed. Counterfactual thinking can be a powerful tool for behavior regulation. For example, Sam applied for a job but wasn’t given an opportunity. In this case, he thought “If I had prepared more thoroughly, could I have impressed the interviewer enough for him to hire me?” Sam might understand some of the factors that contributed to his job application outcome and do better next time. ____37____ By imagining alternative scenarios (场景) and reflecting on our actions, we can identify mistakes, learn from them, and adjust our behavior for the future. ____38____ When taken to extremes, counterfactual thinking can lead to endless regret. We’ve all been there—lying awake at night, replaying embarrassing moments or missed opportunities, torturing ourselves with “what ifs”. This kind of excessive counterfactual thinking can be a typical feature of overthinking, and it can have serious negative impacts on our mental health and well-being. ____39____ This way, we can use it constructively without falling into an unproductive thought cycle. A. It is like rewriting history mentally. B. Considering the “what if” question clearly offers benefits. C. Yet letting your imagination run wild isn’t always productive. D. Children entertain themselves by creating fantastical worlds in their minds. E. However, it can sometimes lead us to get lost in our counterfactual thinking. F. The process of thinking will make us think about problems and improve creativity. G. We should find a balance between learning from the past and accepting what cannot be undone. 【答案】35. D 36. A 37. B 38. C 39. G 【解析】本文是说明文。主要解释“反事实思维”这一心理现象。 35. 根据前文“We use our imagination in many ways. Novelists rely on it to dream up plots, characters and scenes. Artists use it to produce new works.(我们在很多方面运用我们的想象力。小说家依靠它来构思情节、人物和场景。艺术家们用它来创作新作品)”可知，此处作者在举例人们在哪些方面运用我们的想象力，所以D项“Children entertain themselves by creating fantastical worlds in their minds.(孩子们通过在脑海中创造幻想世界来娱乐自己)”符合此处主题，为孩子们如何运用想象力，并和后文“For adults, however, one of the most common uses of imagination is counterfactual thinking.(然而，对于成年人来说，想象力最常见的用途之一是反事实思维)”形成对比。故选D项。 36. 根据前文“Do you often find yourself lost in deep thoughts about what could have been? Imagining alternatives, different outcomes and reflecting on your choices? If so, then you’ve engaged in the cognitive process called counterfactual thinking, a psychological exercise that enables us to imagine “what if” situations and explore how different choices or circumstances might lead to different results.(你是否常常会沉浸在关于“原本可能如何”的深沉思绪中？想象着不同的选择、各异的结果，反复思量自己曾做过的决定？如果是这样，那么你其实已经体验过一种被称为“反事实思维”的认知过程。这是一种心理活动，让我们得以构想“假如当时……”的情境，并推敲不同的选择或境遇会如何引向不同的结局)”可知，A项“It is like rewriting history mentally.(这就像是在精神上改写历史)”是对前文的简单总结，符合文意。故选A项。 37. 根据前文“Counterfactual thinking can be a powerful tool for behavior regulation. For example, Sam applied for a job but wasn’t given an opportunity. In this case, he thought “If I had prepared more thoroughly, could I have impressed the interviewer enough for him to hire me?” Sam might understand some of the factors that contributed to his job application outcome and do better next time.(反事实思维可以成为行为调节的有力工具。例如，山姆申请了一份工作，但没有得到机会。在这种情况下，他想：“如果我准备得更充分，我能给面试官留下深刻的印象，让他雇用我吗？”山姆可能会明白一些影响他求职结果的因素，下次会做得更好)”可知，本段在讲述反事实思维带来的好处，所以B项“Considering the “what if” question clearly offers benefits.(考虑“如果”的问题显然会带来好处)”符合本段主题，而后文“By imagining alternative scenarios and reflecting on our actions, we can identify mistakes, learn from them, and adjust our behavior for the future.(通过想象不同的场景并反思我们的行为，我们可以识别错误，从中吸取教训，并为未来调整我们的行为)”是对B项的解释。故选B项。 38. 设空位于段首，应是本段中心句，根据后文“When taken to extremes, counterfactual thinking can lead to endless regret. We’ve all been there—lying awake at night, replaying embarrassing moments or missed opportunities, torturing ourselves with “what ifs”. This kind of excessive counterfactual thinking can be a typical feature of overthinking, and it can have serious negative impacts on our mental health and well-being.(当走向极端时，反事实思维会导致无尽的遗憾。我们都有过这样的经历——晚上睡不着觉，回想那些尴尬的时刻或错失的机会，用“如果……会怎样”折磨自己。这种过度的反事实思维可能是过度思考的典型特征，它会对我们的心理健康和福祉产生严重的负面影响)”可知，本段主要讲述反事实思维的坏处，所以C项“Yet letting your imagination run wild isn’t always productive.(然而，让你的想象力自由发挥并不总是有成效的)”和前文构成转折，引出坏处主题，符合文意。故选C项。 39. 前文提到反事实思维的坏处，再根据后文“This way, we can use it constructively without falling into an unproductive thought cycle.(这样，我们就可以建设性地使用它，而不会陷入低效的思维循环)”可知，空处应是提出一个解决方法，所以G项“We should find a balance between learning from the past and accepting what cannot be undone.(我们应该在吸取过去的教训和接受无法挽回的事实之间找到平衡)”符合，提出对前文坏处的解决方案。故选G项。 【押题新高考题型二】社会认知类 【新动向】（2026 北京市西城区 期末）Everyone wants to live in a good neighborhood. And for a good reason: External conditions matter to our health and well-being. ____35____ If the human mind is likened to a society, then the mindset — those beliefs, processes, cognitive (认知的) resources and habits that are readily accessible and familiar — represents the internal neighborhood. Just as the external environment affects health, so does the internal environment. Research shows that crime in your neighborhood can impact health, even if you’re not directly impacted by the violence. ____36____ A chaotic or violent mindset may also have similar effects to those of a low-quality external neighborhood. ____37____ Just knowing that there is a nice park, a good restaurant, or a friendly neighbor in my neighborhood adds to my quality of life, even if I don’t use these resources that often. The same goes for the mental neighborhood. For example, merely recognizing my creative impulse as an important aspect of my internal makeup — acknowledging and valuing it — will improve my sense of well-being even when I am not actively involved in creative activity. Community exercises much of its effect through physical and behavioral engagement: You go places and do things.____38____ If you spend time at the local coffee house, you’re engaged in your community. If you spend time regularly practicing, say, an attitude of gratitude — an awareness of the good, fortunate things in your life — then your mental neighborhood includes a gratitude component. Finding, moving into, and nurturing our connections to a high-quality neighborhood takes much effort, yet the health-related payoff is high. The same goes for the mental neighborhood. ____39____ Then you can bring these mind elements to the forefront of your consciousness through mental engagement and practice. A. At the same time, internal conditions matter too. B. Neighborhoods affect health through multiple paths of influence. C. Possible effects include increases in blood pressure and anxiety. D. Both structural and social aspects of a neighborhood can affect your well-being. E. Likewise, the mental neighborhood is built on cognitive and emotional engagement. F. Try to identify your healthy cognitive processes, core values, and constructive beliefs. G. Moreover, a high-quality neighborhood affects your health even if you don’t use its offerings. 【答案】35. A 36. C 37. G 38. E 39. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了将心态比作人的内部社区，类比外部社区对健康的影响，指出内部心理环境同样关乎身心健康，并阐释其作用方式及打造优质心理社区的方法。 【35题详解】 上文“Everyone wants to live in a good neighborhood. And for a good reason: External conditions matter to our health and well-being. (每个人都想居住在一个优质的社区，这是有充分理由的：外部环境会影响我们的身心健康。)”仅提及外部环境对健康和幸福感的重要性；而下文“If the human mind is likened to a society, then the mindset — those beliefs, processes, cognitive（认知的）resources and habits that are readily accessible and familiar—represents the internal neighborhood.(倘若将人的心智比作一个社会，那么心态——那些信手拈来、早已熟悉的信念、思维过程、认知资源和行为习惯——就相当于我们的内部社区。)”将思维比作社会、心态定义为内部社区。选项A“At the same time, internal conditions matter too. (同时，内部条件也很重要。)”实现从“外部”到“内部”的逻辑过渡，衔接上下文。故选A。 【36题详解】 上文“Research shows that crime in your neighborhood can impact health, even if you’re not directly impacted by the violence. (研究表明，你所在社区发生的犯罪行为会对人们的健康产生影响，即便你本人并未直接受到暴力行为的侵害。)”指出社区犯罪会影响健康；选项C“Possible effects include increases in blood pressure and anxiety.(可能产生的影响包括血压升高和焦虑情绪加剧。)”具体说明该影响的表现（血压升高、焦虑加剧），承接前文的“impact health”，逻辑一致。故选C。 【37题详解】 空处为段首句，为本段主要内容。根据下文内容“Just knowing that there is a nice park, a good restaurant, or a friendly neighbor in my neighborhood adds to my quality of life, even if I don’t use these resources that often. The same goes for the mental neighborhood. For example, merely recognizing my creative impulse as an important aspect of my internal makeup—acknowledging and valuing it—will improve my sense of well-being even when I am not actively involved in creative activity.(哪怕只是知道自己的社区里有一座漂亮的公园、一家不错的餐厅，或是一位友善的邻居，我的生活质量也会因此提升，即便我并不常使用这些资源。心理社区亦是如此。比如，即便我并未积极开展创作活动，只要将自身的创作冲动视作内在特质的重要部分，认可并珍视它，我的幸福感便会有所提升。)”可知，下文以社区的公园、餐厅为例，说明即便不常使用社区资源，知晓其存在也能提升生活质量，又类比指出心理社区也有此特点。选项G“Moreover, a high-quality neighborhood affects your health even if you don’t use its offerings.(此外，即便你不曾享用优质社区的各类配套资源，它依然会对你的健康产生积极影响。)”是该观点的总起，精准概括后文核心内容。故选G。 【38题详解】 上文“Community exercises much of its effect through physical and behavioral engagement: You go places and do things. (社区对人的影响，很大程度上是通过身体参与和行为践行来实现的：你走进各个地方，参与各类事务。)”说明现实社区的影响通过身体和行为参与实现。选项E“Likewise, the mental neighborhood is built on cognitive and emotional engagement.(心理社区的构建亦是如此，它建立在认知投入与情感融入的基础之上。)”以“likewise”类比，指出心理社区建立在认知和情感参与之上，衔接前文的参与形式，逻辑连贯。故选E。 【39题详解】 下文“Then you can bring these mind elements to the forefront of your consciousness through mental engagement and practice. (而后通过心理层面的投入与刻意练习，让这些思维要素成为你意识的核心。)”提到通过心理参与和练习让这些思维要素成为意识核心。选项F“Try to identify your healthy cognitive processes, core values, and constructive beliefs. (你不妨先找到自身那些健康的认知过程、核心价值观与积极的信念。)”提出先找到健康的认知过程、核心价值观等思维要素，符合逻辑。故选F。 【押题新高考题型三】实用建议类 【新动向】（2026 北京市石景山区 期末）Many students have started to use AI-powered chatbots as study helpers. They ask the tool to explain grammar points, generate example sentences or even solve math problems. Some simply copy and paste the answers into their homework without even reading them carefully. ____35____ So learning how to use AI wisely has become a new study skill. ____36____ When you see it as a thinking partner, you are more likely to stay active in the learning process instead of becoming lazy. ____37____ Vague (含糊的) requests like “teach me chemistry” or “explain this whole unit” are hard for any tool to answer well. Start by telling the tool which subject you’re working on and what kind of help you want, such as explanation, practice or revision. That way, the AI knows what to focus on and can give more helpful replies. Next, do not believe every answer you see on the screen. ____38____ When you receive an answer, compare it with your textbook, class notes or reliable websites, and mark the parts you are unsure about. When you do this regularly, you gradually train yourself to judge information instead of copying it blindly. AI can also support active practice, not just passive explanation. ____39____ Choose one and you can ask it to be your debate opponent, an examiner for a speaking test or a “picky” editor for your writing. In this way, you turn a quiet screen into an interactive learning partner. A. The first step is to be clear about what you need. B. Some students even share their personal data with AI tools. C. Many tools can respond in real time and adjust to your level. D. Instead of letting it write full essays for you, treat it as a learning partner. E. Because of this habit, their own thinking skills become weaker over time. F. Just like a human instructor, AI can make mistakes or misunderstand the question. G. Used in this way, AI multiplies the learning value of every minute you spend online. 【答案】35. E 36. D 37. A 38. F 39. C 【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章指出学生使用AI辅助学习时存在依赖弊端，强调应将其视为学习伙伴。建议明确需求、核实信息，并利用其进行主动练习，从而提升学习效果。 35. 根据上文“Some simply copy and paste the answers into their homework without even reading them carefully.(有些人只是将答案直接复制粘贴到作业中，甚至都不仔细阅读这些答案)”可知，前文提到“有些人只是将答案直接复制粘贴到作业中，甚至都不仔细阅读这些答案”，即这是一种不良习惯。E 选项“由于这种习惯，他们自身的思维能力会随着时间的推移而逐渐减弱”承接上文，说明了这种行为带来的后果（思维能力变弱），并自然引出下文关于“需要明智使用AI”的观点。故选E。 36. 根据后文“When you see it as a thinking partner, you are more likely to stay active in the learning process instead of becoming lazy.(当你将其视为一个能进行思考的伙伴时，你就更有可能在学习过程中保持积极主动，而不会变得懒散)”可知，下文提到“当你把它视为一个思考伙伴”。D选项“不要让它替你撰写完整的文章，而应将其视为一个学习伙伴”中出现了关键词“learning partner”，与下文形成呼应，提出了正确的使用态度。故选D。 37. 根据后文“Vague requests like “teach me chemistry” or “explain this whole unit” are hard for any tool to answer well.(含糊不清的请求，比如“教我化学”或者“解释整个单元的内容”，对于任何工具来说都很难给出恰当的回答)”可知，下文提到“含糊的请求…… 很难让工具回答好”。这说明本段的主题是关于如何提出清晰的指令。A 选项“第一步是要明确自己真正需要的是什么”概括了本段的核心建议。故选A。 38. 根据上文“Next, do not believe every answer you see on the screen.(接下来，不要轻信屏幕上出现的每一个答案)”可知，前文提到不要相信你在屏幕上看到的每一个答案。F选项“就像人类教师一样，人工智能也可能犯错或者误解问题”解释了原因——AI 也会犯错或误解问题，就像人类导师一样。这为下文建议的“核对答案”提供了依据。故选F。 39. 根据上文“AI can also support active practice, not just passive explanation.(人工智能还能够支持主动练习，而不仅仅是被动的讲解)”以及后文“Choose one and you can ask it to be your debate opponent, an examiner for a speaking test or a “picky” editor for your writing. In this way, you turn a quiet screen into an interactive learning partner.(选择一个角色，然后它就能成为你的辩论对手、口语测试的考官或者你写作的挑剔编辑。这样一来，原本安静的屏幕就变成了一个互动式的学习伙伴)”可知，前文提到AI 也可以支持主动练习，后文列举了辩论对手、考官、编辑等角色。C 选项“许多工具能够实时响应并根据你的水平进行调整”提到了AI工具的特性“实时响应并适应你的水平”，正是这些特性使得AI能够扮演这些互动角色。故选C。 语篇押题1 【新动向】（2026 北京市朝阳区 期末）For most of us, frisson, an intense emotional pleasure accompanied by tears and goosebumps(鸡皮疙瘩), is something that happens unexpectedly and rarely. But what if there was a way you could experience this feeling more? The answer may lie in the art of ”slow looking“. Slow looking is the act of observing an artwork for an extended period of time. That could be an uninterrupted five minutes, an hour, or even an entire day. ____35____ However, slow looking extends beyond a gallery setting. It’s similar to meditation (冥想), but it’s not limited to keeping us focused on the breath and closed eyes. ____36____ In many ways, it is the art of simply noticing, without distractions, and without giving in to the urge to make it a “productive” activity. So how to try slow looking? It might take some time to get used to. ____37____. Whether it’s observing a work of art, gardening, staring out the window during your next train journey, birdwatching, or pausing during a woodland walk to observe the plant life around you, there are countless ways to slow look every day. ____38____ When we slow down, the “rest and digest” mode of our nervous system rises up. This relaxation of mind creates space for new thoughts and feelings to surface. This is when we might start to notice small things in our environment. ____39____ We simply notice. We become the witness, causing a small yet profound shift that supports reduced anxiety, and improved overall well-being. A. Slow looking offers valuable mental benefits. B. But it’s something we could start adding to our daily life. C. Certain kinds of art may be better suited for slow looking than others. D. Experts recommend going to an art exhibition when there are fewer people. E. It is based on the idea that to understand an artwork, you need to spend time with it. F. Instead, it takes us out into the sensory world in which light shifts and wind whispers. G. For example, leaves dancing in the wind and the wing beats of a bird passing overhead reveal themselves. 【答案】35. E 36. F 37. B 38. A 39. G 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，围绕“慢观”这一方法可以让人更频繁地体验到强烈愉悦感展开，介绍了慢观的定义、适用场景、实践方法以及能带来的精神层面的益处。 35. 根据上文 “Slow looking is the act of observing an artwork for an extended period of time. That could be an uninterrupted five minutes, an hour, or even an entire day.(慢观是指对一件艺术品进行长时间的观察，时长可以是不间断的五分钟、一小时甚至一整天)” 可知，此空需要进一步阐释慢观的核心理念。E选项 “It is based on the idea that to understand an artwork, you need to spend time with it.(它基于这样一种理念：要理解一件艺术品，你需要花时间去品读它)” 中的“It”指代前文的“Slow looking”，承接慢观的定义，点明其背后的逻辑，符合语境。故选E项。 36. 根据上文 “However, slow looking extends beyond a gallery setting. It’s similar to meditation, but it’s not limited to keeping us focused on the breath and closed eyes.(然而，慢观的应用场景不止于画廊。它与冥想相似，但又不局限于专注呼吸和闭目静坐)” 可知，此空需要说明慢观与冥想的不同之处，引出慢观的特点。F选项 “Instead, it takes us out into the sensory world in which light shifts and wind whispers.(相反，它带我们走进感官的世界，去感受光影变幻、微风轻吟)” 中的“Instead”形成转折，承接前文“不局限于冥想的形式”，同时点明慢观是融入外界感官体验的方式，符合语境。故选F项。 37. 根据上文 “So how to try slow looking? It might take some time to get used to.(那么如何尝试慢观呢？这可能需要一些时间来适应)” 以及下文 “Whether it’s observing a work of art, gardening, staring out the window during your next train journey... there are countless ways to slow look every day.(无论是观赏艺术品、打理园艺，还是在下次火车旅途中凝望窗外……每天都有无数种慢观的方式)” 可知，此空需要起到过渡作用，表明慢观虽需适应，但可以融入日常生活。B选项 “But it’s something we could start adding to our daily life.(但这是一件我们可以开始融入日常生活的事) 中的“But”承接前文的“需要适应”，同时引出下文日常中的慢观方式，符合语境。故选B项。 38. 分析语篇可知，此处应为该段小标题，需概括下文内容。下文 “When we slow down, the “rest and digest” mode of our nervous system rises up. This relaxation of mind creates space for new thoughts and feelings to surface... supports reduced anxiety, and improved overall well-being.(当我们放慢节奏时，神经系统的“休息和消化”模式会被激活。这种精神上的放松为新的想法和感受的浮现创造了空间……有助于减轻焦虑，提升整体健康水平)” 可知，围绕慢观带来的精神益处展开。A选项 “Slow looking offers valuable mental benefits.(慢观能带来宝贵的精神益处)” 精准概括了本段核心内容，适合作小标题。故选A项。 39. 根据上文 “This is when we might start to notice small things in our environment.(就在这时，我们可能会开始留意到环境中的细微事物)” 可知，此空需要列举环境中可以被留意到的具体细微事物。G选项 “For example, leaves dancing in the wind and the wing beats of a bird passing overhead reveal themselves.(例如，风中摇曳的树叶、头顶掠过的鸟儿振翅的声响，都会慢慢清晰地呈现在感知中)” 是对前文“small things”的举例说明，符合语境。故选G项。 语篇押题2 【新考向】（2026·北京市丰台区·期末）We now know a good amount about the mechanisms of dreaming. However, we have little insight into its function. Some argue that we don’t need to understand what dreams are for. ____35____ Recently, this idea has been challenged by a new idea, which seeks to apply the lessons of “deep learning” — a type of machine processing that uses artificial neural networks to learn from data — to the study of dreaming. From a deep learning perspective, learning is about fine-tuning a huge, layered network of connections based on a limited set of example data. The hope is that the performance generalises beyond the training data set to new unseen data sets. ____36____ Networks can get so fine-tuned to the specifics of the data set they are trained on that they fail to generalize to new ones. This is called overfitting, and it is a ubiquitous problem in deep learning. ____37____ Animals’ days are statistically pretty self-similar. Their “training set” is limited and biased. Yet an animal needs to generalize from the limited things it has seen and done to survive. This is the “overfitted brain hypothesis” (OBH): that animals are constantly in danger of fitting themselves too well to their daily lives and tasks. ____38____ Dreams are “noise injections (注入)” that serve the purpose of counteracting the overfitting associated with learning. ____39____ According to the OBH, dreams are exactly this: self-generated corrupted inputs. And the act of dreaming has the effect of improving generalization and performance in waking life. The OBH hypothesis is — as yet — untested but is one of the few that takes dreams seriously, rather than as an unexplained by-product of other processes. A. Perhaps they are just a by-product of sleep. B. This fine-tuning process is highly efficient and specialized. C. Dreams could be a way to beat back the tide of daily overfitting. D. This is good reason to think the brain faces an identical challenge. E. Thus, the brain strengthens the most important memories from the day. F. But it doesn’t always work because training data sets are often naturally biased. G. You can’t inject randomization on an awake brain but you can do it when it is offline. 【答案】35. A 36. F 37. D 38. C 39. G 【解析】这是一篇说明文。本文结合深度学习中的过拟合问题，提出大脑过拟合假说，指出动物大脑易过度适应日常，而梦作为“噪声注入”，可抵消学习中的过拟合，提升清醒时的行为表现与适应能力。 35. 由上文“Some argue that we don’t need to understand what dreams are for.(一些人认为我们无需弄明白梦的作用。)”可知，空格处需承接该观点，给出梦可能的属性。A项“Perhaps they are just a by-product of sleep.(也许梦只是睡眠的一种副产品。)”符合语境，“they”指代前文的“dreams”，对“无需探究梦的作用”的观点进行补充说明，逻辑连贯。故选A项。 36. 由上文“The hope is that the performance generalises beyond the training data set to new unseen data sets.(我们希望模型的表现能够推广到训练数据集之外的新未知数据集。)”和下文“Networks can get so fine-tuned to the specifics of the data set they are trained on that they fail to generalize to new ones.(网络可能会过于适配训练数据集的细节，以至于无法推广到新数据集。)”可知，空格处需转折说明模型推广不总是能成功的原因。F项“But it doesn’t always work because training data sets are often naturally biased.(但这并非总能实现，因为训练数据集往往天生存在偏差。)”符合语境，“it”指代前文的“generalises beyond the training data set”，通过“but”转折引出下文的“过拟合”问题，承上启下。故选F项。 37. 由上文“This is called overfitting, and it is a ubiquitous problem in deep learning.(这被称为过拟合，是深度学习中普遍存在的问题。)”和下文“Animals’ days are statistically pretty self-similar. Their “training set” is limited and biased.(从统计学角度看，动物的日常活动高度相似，它们的“训练集”既有限又存在偏差。)”可知，空格处需搭建深度学习过拟合问题与动物生存的关联。D项“This is good reason to think the brain faces an identical challenge.(这是我们有理由认为大脑也面临着同样挑战的依据。)”符合语境，“This”指代前文的“过拟合问题”，“identical challenge”对应下文动物的“训练集”局限，逻辑清晰。故选D项。 38. 由上文“This is the “overfitted brain hypothesis” (OBH): that animals are constantly in danger of fitting themselves too well to their daily lives and tasks.(这就是“大脑过拟合假说”：动物总是面临过度适应日常生活和任务的风险。)”和下文“Dreams are “noise injections (注入)” that serve the purpose of counteracting the overfitting associated with learning.(梦是一种“噪声注入”，旨在抵消与学习相关的过拟合现象。)”可知，空格处需点明梦在应对大脑过拟合中的作用。C项“Dreams could be a way to beat back the tide of daily overfitting.(梦或许是抵御日常过拟合趋势的一种方式。)”符合语境，该句承接“大脑过拟合假说”，引出下文梦的“噪声注入”功能，逻辑连贯。故选C项。 39. 由上文“Dreams are “noise injections (注入)” that serve the purpose of counteracting the overfitting associated with learning.(梦是一种“噪声注入”，旨在抵消与学习相关的过拟合现象。)”和下文“According to the OBH, dreams are exactly this: self-generated corrupted inputs.(根据大脑过拟合假说，梦正是如此：自行生成的干扰性输入。)”可知，空格处需解释梦能够实现“噪声注入”的原因。G项“You can’t inject randomization on an awake brain but you can do it when it is offline.(你无法向清醒状态的大脑注入随机性，但可以在大脑处于休眠状态时实现。)”符合语境，“when it is offline”对应睡眠状态，“inject randomization”呼应前文的“噪声注入”，衔接自然。故选G项。 语篇押题3 【新语境】（2026 北京市海淀区 期末）We are faced with increasing pressure to make sensible decisions about every aspect of our lives — from choosing the healthiest breakfast option to finding a school or university to attend. Make the correct choice and you can give yourself a pat on the back. ____35____ Psychologists have found that people’s approaches to decision-making tend to fit into one of two categories. You are either a maximiser — a person who strives to make a choice that will give them the maximum benefit later on — or a satisfier, whose choices are determined by more modest criteria and nothing more. Given that maximisers task themselves with making the most informed, intelligent decisions, we might expect that the outcome of their approach would be superior. This assumption, however, has been contradicted by numerous studies. Studies have found that maximisers are often less effective in a decision-making environment. They tend to exhaust all options in search of the perfect choice.____36____ Setting unachievable goals may itself get in the way of making good decisions. ____37____ The abundance of alternatives can overwhelm even the most diligent decision-makers. In The Paradox of Choice, U.S. psychologist Barry Schwartz looked at the proliferation (激增) of choices that are available to us in our everyday lives. He found that an increased range of options does not necessarily lead to higher satisfaction with the outcome of a decision.____38____ Maximisers tend to experience a sense of “buyer’s regret” following a decision, doubting whether it was correct, and imagining how life would have been had they chosen a different path.____39____ While a maximising approach might seem an optimal approach to decision-making, our energy may be better spent satisficing and appreciating what we have, rather than what we might have had. A. Make a bad decision and you can be left with feelings of regret. B. We are often overwhelmed by the abundance of choices we face. C. A satisficer is usually much more efficient and mentally less burdened. D. This problem is especially pronounced in a world where options seem endless. E. By contrast, a satisficer accepts his choice as good enough, even if it’s not the best. F. In other words, maximisers struggle to stop searching despite a good enough option. G. If anything, choice may in fact limit our ability to enjoy and appreciate what we have. 【答案】35. A 36. F 37. D 38. G 39. E 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍做决定的两种类型，最大化者和满足者，指出前者易因追求完美陷入困境，后者更易获得满足。 35. 根据前文“Make the correct choice and you can give yourself a pat on the back. (做出正确的选择，你可以为自己感到自豪。)”可知，前文讲述了做出正确选择的结果，此空应承接上文讲述做出错误选择的相反结果，A选项“Make a bad decision and you can be left with feelings of regret. (做出糟糕的决定，你会留下后悔的感觉。)”与前文句式一致，形成正反对比，符合语境。故选A项。 36. 根据前文“They tend to exhaust all options in search of the perfect choice. (他们倾向于穷尽所有选择以寻找完美的答案。)”以及后文“Setting unachievable goals may itself get in the way of making good decisions. (设定无法实现的目标本身可能会阻碍做出正确的决定。)”可知，前文说明最大化者追求完美、穷尽选择的特点，此空应进一步解释这一特点，F选项“In other words, maximisers struggle to stop searching despite a good enough option. (换句话说，即使有足够好的选择，最大化者也难以停止寻找。)”是对前文内容的同义转述，且与后文的不良影响相衔接，符合语境。故选F项。 37. 根据前文“Setting unachievable goals may itself get in the way of making good decisions. (设定无法实现的目标本身可能会阻碍做出正确的决定。)”以及后文“The abundance of alternatives can overwhelm even the most diligent decision-makers. (大量的选择甚至会让最勤奋的决策者感到不知所措。)”可知，前文讲述了最大化者因追求完美出现的决策问题，此空应承接上文说明该问题的凸显场景，D选项“This problem is especially pronounced in a world where options seem endless. (这个问题在一个选择似乎无穷无尽的世界里尤为突出。)”中的This problem指代前文最大化者的决策问题，且衔接后文的大量选择相关内容，符合语境。故选D项。 38. 根据前文“He found that an increased range of options does not necessarily lead to higher satisfaction with the outcome of a decision. (他发现，选择范围的扩大并不一定能让人对决策结果更满意。)”可知，前文说明更多选择未必带来更高满意度，此空应承接上文进一步说明选择过多的负面影响，G选项“If anything, choice may in fact limit our ability to enjoy and appreciate what we have. (事实上，选择反而可能限制我们享受和珍惜所拥有事物的能力。)”是对前文研究发现的进一步阐释，符合语境。故选G项。 39. 根据前文“Maximisers tend to experience a sense of “buyer’s regret” following a decision, doubting whether it was correct, and imagining how life would have been had they chosen a different path. (最大化者在做出决定后往往会产生“买家懊悔”的感觉，怀疑决定是否正确，想象如果选择不同的道路生活会是怎样。)”可知，前文讲述了最大化者做决定后的心理状态，此空应通过对比讲述满足者的相反状态，E选项“By contrast, a satisficer accepts his choice as good enough, even if it’s not the best. (相比之下，满足者会接受自己的选择，认为它足够好，即使它不是最好的。)”中的By contrast体现对比关系，且与前文最大化者的心理形成鲜明对照，符合语境。故选E项。 2 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $