Unit 4 Reflection 大单元整体训练四 -【勤径学升】2025-2026学年八年级下册英语同步练测教师用书（外研版·新教材）

本初中英语讲义聚焦词汇辨析（sorry与excuse me）、动词用法（afford, mention, against, graduate）、词性转换（luck及其形式）及综合题型（阅读、完形、语法填空等），构建从基础词汇到语用能力的学习支架，助力学生系统掌握语言知识。 该资料以情境化任务与人文主题为特色，如“爱心密码”公交故事、张伟少校救人等阅读材料渗透文化意识，多样化练习（如afford合并句子）提升语言能力，任务型活动（luck形式填空）培养思维品质。课中辅助互动教学，课后助力学生巩固知识、查漏补缺。

Reflection [答案　P15] 辨析sorry与excuse me　 根据句意用Sorry或Excuse me填空。 1．You accidentally cut in line at the ticket counter. You should say, “Sorry．” 2．You want to get by someone who is standing in the doorway. You say, “Excuse me, may I pass？” 3．You realise you made a wrong turn while following your friend's directions. You say to them, “Sorry, I think I missed the street.” 4．You sneeze loudly in a quiet library. You immediately say, “Sorry．” afford的用法　 1．As a student, I can't afford to eat out every day(无法承担每天外出就餐). Cooking at home saves me a lot. 2．If you save money regularly, you will be able to afford a new car(将能够买一辆新车)next year. 3．The concert tickets are very expensive. I won't buy them.(用afford合并为一句) I can't afford the concert tickets, so I won't buy them. 4．She wants to take a year­long break. But she has financial pressures.(用afford合并为一句) She can't afford to take a year­long break because of her financial pressures. 5．这家公司承受不起失去这么多优秀员工的后果。(汉译英) This company can't afford to lose so many excellent employees. mention的用法　 1．她在会议上没有提及任何关于新项目的事情。 She didn't mention anything about the new project at the meeting. 2．请向老师提及你明天要请假。 Please mention to the teacher that you will ask for leave tomorrow. 3．他昨天提到自己看过这部电影三次。 He mentioned seeing the movie three times yesterday. 4．你能在作文里提及保护环境的重要性吗？ Can you mention the importance of protecting the environment in your composition? 5．她从未向任何人提过自己的梦想。 She has never mentioned her dream to anyone. against的用法　 写出against在下面的句子中的汉语释义。 1．He leaned against the wall to rest.倚着；靠着 2．We are all against this plan.反对 3．Paintings look best against a simple white wall. 以……为背景 4．The last part of the course was hard because I was running against the wind. 逆……的方向 5．The police have to arm themselves against attack. 抗…… graduate的用法　 1．他去年从北京大学毕业了。 He graduated from Peking University last year. 2．这些毕业生正在找工作。 These graduates are looking for jobs. 3．从高中毕业后，她将出国留学。 After graduating from high school, she will go to study abroad. 4．他梦想成为一名研究生。 He dreams of becoming a graduate student． 5．这个课程帮助学生为大学毕业做好准备。 This course helps students prepare for graduation from college. 根据短文内容用luck及其适当形式填空。 Yesterday was a special day for me. In the morning, I was 1.lucky enough to find a four­leaf clover in the garden. I thought it brought me good 2.luck. 3．Luckily, in the afternoon, I won first prize in the school drawing competition. I was really happy! 一、阅读理解。 A[人文关怀] (池州期末)A simple honk(汽车喇叭声)from the bus is one part of a secret code between the driver and students living in a far­away village in Wanzhou District, Chongqing. Seeing a schoolbag hanging from the door of an old house along the road, the bus driver drives toward the roadside and makes a honk to answer the “code”. Then a boy called Zhu Ming runs outside, takes the schoolbag, and gets on the bus. The boy's parents work far from home, leaving him in the care of his grandmother. The boy is in the ninth grade this year. He comes home every Friday and goes back to school in the city every Sunday. To make the journey easier, he and the driver, Cheng Lin, have developed a special “code”. When the boy's schoolbag is hanging outside the house, it “tells” Mr Cheng, “Today, it's time to go back to school. I need to catch the bus.” The parents of the boy are deeply touched when they know this. They show their thanks to Mr Cheng and feel happy that there is someone taking care of their son while they are away. Mr Cheng has been driving for many years. There are many left­behind children on this bus line. Realising the importance of his role in their lives, he has paid more attention on Fridays and Sundays. The driver's kindness to the boy touches the hearts of many people. One wrote online, “He is a good driver. The schoolbag is their code, packed with love inside.” (A)1.What does the bus driver do while seeing a schoolbag hanging from the door? A．He makes a honk. B．He runs out. C．He takes the schoolbag. D．He gets on the bus. (B)2.Who does Zhu Ming live with probably? A．His parents. B．His grandmother. C．The driver. D．His teachers. (D)3.Why do the boy's parents show their thanks to Mr Cheng? A．Because Mr Cheng has their code. B．Because they work far from home. C．Because Mr Cheng drives the bus in their hometown. D．Because Mr Cheng cares about their son when they are away. (A)4.What is the best title for this passage? A．A love code B．An honest driver C．A poor left­behind child D．A heavy schoolbag B 阅读短文，从下面所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有一个多余的选项。 (沈阳期中)Volunteer work is always a kind of activity that shows deep love. I still remember an unforgettable volunteer experience. 1．E I got up early and went to the main street in my city. I thought it would be easy, but when I finished this job, my hands and legs were very tired. After that, the cleaner took me to clean the bins. “Just clean the bins. 2.B ” I thought. However, when I opened the lid(盖子), a very bad smell came out. I couldn't help covering my nose with my hands. All kinds of things were mixed together, and it smelled very bad. It took me lots of effort to pick them up and got my clothes dirty. I put on gloves and picked up the rubbish. The dirty water from the rubbish bag dropped onto the ground. 3.A But I knew what I was doing was just a small part of the cleaners' daily work. Finally, the work was done. To my surprise, I got the cleaners' praise. I thought they were the greatest people. 4.C A．It made me a bit sick. B．Maybe it will be easy. C．Every job should be respected. D．It is our duty to sorting(分类)rubbish. E．Last month, I spent a day as a cleaner. 二、完形填空。 (重庆期末)Chase was 4 years old when he first noticed some homeless people. He asked why they didn't have a place to stay. “They had a hard time and became homeless，” explained John, his father. After hearing this, Chase wanted to 1 them. John decided to spend his weekends 2 Chase doing something. The father and son made a hundred drinks by 3 . And they 4 the drinks to homeless people. Then they came up with another idea. Chase wanted to know people better, 5 they decided to take some homeless people to lunch. Once or twice a week, the father and son had a meal with their 6 friends in a restaurant and started a talk. They would ask them where they were from, 7 their hobbies were, things like that. And some people would share the 8 of how they became homeless. More than 150 lunches later, John and his son now run a charity. It 9 people to build friendship with the homeless and offer them help. “A lot of people walk right past homeless people and 10 see them. I know now that they're people just like us. They want to be a part of the world, ” said Chase, now 10. “When you have lunch with them or just sit and talk with them, it means something.” (A)1.A．help B．hit C．change D．control (B)2.A．in B．with C．for D．on (C)3.A．himself B．herself C．themselves D．yourselves (C)4.A．gave up B．put away C．handed out D．cleaned up (A)5.A．so B．although C．before D．if (D)6.A．young B．old C．good D．new (A)7.A．what B．when C．where D．why (D)8.A．food B．drink C．hobby D．story (C)9.A．forces B．sends C．encourages D．introduces (D)10.A．once B．just C．often D．hardly 三、语法填空。 [张伟少校英勇救人](达州期末)On 6 June, 2025, Army Major(陆军少校)Zhang Wei was 1.taking(take)a walk with his mother by Nanhu Lake in Shangqiu, Henan. 2.Suddenly(sudden), they heard loud cries for help. A couple had 3.fallen(fall)into the water during an argument, and three young men who jumped in to rescue(拯救)them were now trapped, too. All five people were in danger in the deep, cold water. 4．Without thinking twice, Major Zhang jumped into the lake, and quickly swam to save them. One by one, he brought four people 5.safely(safe)back to the bank. But he was 6.so tired that his arms felt weak, and he could hardly breathe. His mother 7.cried(cry)out, “Stop now, or you'll lose your life.” But Major Zhang made a heartbreaking choice. He knelt down(跪下), kowtowed(磕头)to his mother, and said, “Mum, I'm a service man(现役军人). Please let me 8.save(save)one more.” Then, he jumped into the lake again. With his last strength, he pushed the final person to safety before 9.losing(lose)consciousness (失去意识). Taken quickly to the hospital, he even whispered, “Save people…” Thankfully, Army Major Zhang Wei recovered. The rescued people tearfully thanked him, “He gave us 10.a second life.” However, he simply said, “I just did my duty.” His courage reminds us that heroes walk among us. 四、阅读与表达。 (锦州期中)As we all know, the International Volunteer Day is 5th December every year. It started on 17th December 1985. It's a day to honour volunteers all over the world. Our country now has 450，000 volunteers. They provided more than 4.5 billion hours of volunteer work. Someone says that for students, this kind of work isn't meaningful and wastes time. But I think that we can get much from it. First of all, volunteering is a good way to open our eyes. We may do something we never do and meet different kinds of people. We can talk with them and get their good ideas. Secondly, volunteers, especially students can learn much from practice. As students, we are interested in books and learn some knowledge from it. After we become volunteers, we will have the chance to put our knowledge into practice. What's more, volunteering is good for our future job. That is to say, when we take part in other jobs for free, we can get some experience and know how to solve some problems we never met before. In a word, volunteering is a form of practice and experience. We shouldn't say no to it. 1．When did the International Volunteer Day begin? It started on 17th December 1985. 2．How long did the volunteers in China provide for volunteer work? They provided more than 4.5 billion hours of volunteer work. 3．How many benefits does the writer get? Three. 4．Do you want to be a volunteer? Why or why not? Write 30 words or more. Yes, I want to be a volunteer. Because volunteering can not only help others but also let me learn a lot. I can communicate with different people and gain useful experience. It's really a meaningful thing.(开放性试题，答案不唯一) Before Lei Feng Day(5th March), over 3，000 students from Liaodong University joined in volunteer work at communities, schools and public places. Medical students worked at Dongyao community. They checked blood pressure and gave health advice. A junior student said, “Many old people didn't know how to use smartphones to make doctor's appointments, so we taught them step by step.” Students who volunteered in primary schools played games with kids and shared stories about Lei Feng. When a child asked why Lei Feng gave his food to others, Wang Tianbo, a student majoring in education, explained, “Lei Feng had a kind heart. He wanted everyone to be happy.” Volunteers in the library sorted books and cleaned the shelves. “Learning from Lei Feng should not be just a tradition for today or March— ，” said Zhou Yuyang, a second­year college student. On 4th March, about 40 international students from over 20 countries, met in a classroom to watch a film about this famous Chinese role model. Sudi, a student from Kenya, was deeply moved by Lei Feng's act of helping an old woman. He understood that Lei Feng's spirit was shown in ordinary things. “No matter where we're from, we can make the world a warmer place through our actions.” Sudi also thought about Lei Feng comparing himself to a “screw(螺丝钉)”. He said, “A small screw seems common, but it's important for a machine to work well. I want to bring this spirit back to Kenya and practise it. It's very useful for our social development.” (C)1.Where did student volunteers clean the book shelves? A．In a classroom. B．At Dongyao community. C．In the library. D．In the primary school. (B)2.Which sentence can be put in the ？ A．it should be learned by everyone B．it should be part of our daily lives C．it's a short­term activity at school D．it's our duty to do volunteer work (B)3.What may Sudi probably agree? A．Lei Feng's spirit will not be useful in Kenya. B．Common people can play an important role. C．Ordinary things don't show Lei Feng's spirit. D．It was strange to describe oneself as a screw. (D)4.Why does the writer write this passage? A．To show why and how Lei Feng helped other people. B．To ask people to do volunteer work on Lei Feng Day. C．To compare different opinions about Lei Feng's spirit. D．To call on people to learn from Lei Feng in daily lives. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $