专题05 阅读理解（七选五）（山东专用）2026年高考英语一模分类汇编

专题05 阅读理解（七选五） 主题01 人与自我 Passage 1 （2026·山东滨州·一模） “Be positive!” has become a popular mindset in recent years. 1 But what happens when we take positivity to an extreme? Could being blindly optimistic lead to disappointment? While looking on the bright side is generally seen as a virtue, new research suggests that “toxic positivity” might actually harm our mental health. Toxic positivity occurs when people deny their real emotions and force themselves to stay optimistic. Gitanjali Trevorrow-Seymour, a professional coach, explains that humans are naturally meant to experience a wide range of emotions, from joy and gratitude to sadness and disappointment. “None of these emotions is meant to be constant,” she says. 2 Like many things in life, mental wellbeing is all about balance. The danger lies in labeling feelings as “good” or “bad.” When we desperately avoid “negative” emotions, we end up suppressing our real feelings. This suppression places extra stress on the body, which can eventually lead to anxiety or even physical illness. 3 If we only show our “happy” selves, our social interactions can become shallow and inauthentic. 4 When a friend is going through hard times, responding with “Try to be positive!” may be well-intentioned, but it often dismisses their feelings. Instead of feeling comforted, they may feel forced to put on a brave face, which is mentally exhausting. True support involves acknowledging their pain rather than attempting to “fix” it immediately. So, should we avoid positive affirmations entirely? Not necessarily. 5 The key is to accept all our emotions — sadness, anger, and grief — instead of treating them as problems to be solved. Only by embracing the full human experience can we truly achieve mental health. A．This issue also affects how we support others. B．Friends can greatly influence our attitudes towards life. C．Even those with a bright outlook can feel grief and gloom. D．They can be useful tools if they feel genuine and grounded. E．What truly remains constant is a positive mindset and inner peace. F．Moreover, forced positivity often robs us of deep connections with others. G．Everyone strives to see the glass as half full and find the rainbow in every situation. Passage 2 （2026·山东菏泽·一模） My daughter had just returned from a school camp where smart phones were banned, and she couldn’t stop talking about how peaceful it felt. “You should try it, Mom,” she said. “Just a month. See what happens.” 6 I bought a basic phone that could only call and text, and put my smart phone in a drawer. The first few days were difficult. I reached for my phone constantly — waiting for coffee, sitting at a red light, standing in line at the grocery store. 7 I felt empty, oddly anxious. What was I supposed to do with these moments? Slowly, I started to figure it out. 8 For example, the way light fell through the windows in my kitchen, the sound of birds outside my office, the faces of strangers on the street. I also had conversations — real ones — with people I would otherwise have ignored while scrolling. The month ended, and I took my smart phone from the drawer. 9 That’s not realistic, and it’s not the point. The point is to use it intentionally rather than habitually. Therefore, I made changes. I turned off all unnecessary alerts. I deleted social media apps from my home screen. Small things, but they add up. 10 I learned that boredom is not an emergency. Those empty moments — waiting, walking, sitting — are not problems to be solved. They are opportunities to be present. They are the spaces where creativity happens, where thoughts form, where we connect with ourselves and the world around us. A．I noticed things I had been missing for years. B．Whether to give it a try or not became a question. C．I didn’t throw it away or promise to give it up forever. D．I missed the happy moments I had experienced before. E．I found only the phone’s tiny screen and limited functions. F．More important than the changes, though, is what I learned. G．I laughed it off at first but decided to go without mine for a month. 主题02 人与社会——教育与社会 Passage 1 （2026·山东临沂·一模） Social media has become an inescapable part of modern life, raising concerns across generations. 1 When we scroll through screens, our brains become hooked on the notifications, whose unpredictable nature makes them more addictive. This addiction taps into a fundamental human need. We are social beings, hard-wired (固有的) to desire recognition. 2 The constant feedback loop (循环) can turn social approval into a measurable, and often anxious, pursuit. Given the profound impact of social media, the question of regulation arises. With substances like alcohol, governments impose age limits due to their proven harm to developing minds. 3 Research indicates that it has a distinct influence on young people’s developing brains — even contributing to reduced grey matter. 4 Overcoming addiction should become a choice rather than forced inaction. If social media is unavoidable, is it not a wiser option to equip young people to navigate its challenges rather than shelter them entirely? As developmental psychology suggests, adolescents thrive when allowed to learn from mistakes in a supportive setting. Merely restricting access may fuel curiosity and leave them ill-prepared for digital life. Instead, we would engage with their voices as well as instruct them. 5 A．Its addictive design is the core issue. B．But a total ban on minors sparks heated debate. C．The same logic should apply to social media regulation. D．If so, we are more likely to attain the outcome we all desire. E．Many teenagers spend over five hours daily on various social platforms. F．Social media satisfies this by quantifying worth through likes and shares. G．However, the regulation of social media cannot be completely equal to that of alcohol. Passage 2 （2026·山东德州·一模） In a time when celebrities, social media influencers, and famous personalities seem like they are just a click away, it’s easy to understand how emotional bonds with public figures have become more personal and complex than ever. 6 The term was coined in 1956 when televisions became widely available, and TV viewers began to develop the sense of false closeness with the characters on the screen. The parasocial relationships are one-sided relationships in which a person develops a strong sense of connection or familiarity with someone they don’t know, most often celebrities or media personalities. 7 They experience a bond that lacks reciprocity (互惠). There is no firm conclusion regarding why people develop parasocial relationships. 8 When so much of our time is spent online or watching TV or movies, we’re naturally likely to recognize the faces we repeatedly see and develop warm feelings for them. Another possible cause is loneliness. Some research suggests that the lonelier an individual feels, the more likely they are to engage in parasocial relationships, seeking a connection in some form, if not in real life. 9 Some researchers have found that highly social individuals who are more likely to form friendships and relationships in real life are also more likely to form parasocial relationships. There is also the belief that parasocial relationships can simply be less demanding and more fun than real-life relationships. 10 Plus the subjects of parasocial relationships are typically talented, beautiful, or funny. Originally believed to be unhealthy due to their one-sided nature, these parasocial relationships are typically harmless and, in fact, quite common. A．Other research contradicts the idea. B．They contribute to real-life relationships. C．These are known as parasocial relationships. D．Parasocial relationships can certainly have benefits. E．But one is that the human brain developed to be social. F．These relationships exist only in the mind of the individual. G．There are no conflicts or maintenance that need to be attended to. 主题03 人与自我——方法与策略 Passage1 （2026·山东烟台·一模） As a freezing cold winter draws near, the winter blues often sets in — a low mood marked by feeling sadder, less energized or less interested in activities than usual. 1 Here is what you can do to get it over. Laughter is the best medicine that stimulates brain activity to relieve depressive symptoms. 2 You can get the greatest gift from them: a hearty laugh. Laughter is highly infectious, so invite friends to join you and share the popcorn. While prolonged screen time isn’t advised, an occasional movie marathon is perfect on cold days. It’s essential to build activities into your day and give yourself a manageable task to complete. Even chores like cleaning the floor will give you a sense of competence and achievement. 3 You can treat yourself to fresh flowers or homemade cup of hot cocoa. These fun or meaningful things are the basis for behavioral activation, a vital means of boosting spirits. 4 If a coworker’s upcoming Bermuda vacation sparks your travel wish, plan a local staycation — even a mini one, for example, a Sunday afternoon ice skating with friends, trying a new nearby restaurant or going to a concert. All this requires neither a big budget nor time off work but still cheers you up. Lack of sunshine disturbs the body’s biological clock, leading to a drop in serotonin (血清素) and vitamin D levels, and therefore, your mood and energy levels. If you have flexibility and the weather allows, try to schedule early-morning walks or lunchtime jogs outside to get more natural light. 5 A．Stop thinking about unpleasant stuff. B．Line up a bunch of comedies to watch. C．Positive habits can promote self-discipline. D．But do balance your hard work with minor joys. E．They’ll brighten your day and recharge your energy. F．If ignored, it’ll worsen into a serious mental disorder. G．People get a mood lift with something to look forward to. Passage 2 （2026·山东济南·一模） Time management is often described as the way you use time to get more done and achieve desired results. 6 It is impossible to manage time. Each day offers everyone the same 24 hours, so what you can truly manage is yourself. 7 By developing productive habits, you automatically direct your focus toward high-impact tasks, ensuring that efforts are not merely spent on doing more, but on doing the right things well. Therefore, shifting from being merely busy to being genuinely productive requires forming a set of essential habits. You may begin by tracking your time for a week to gain an honest, data-driven picture of your current habits. 8 It helps force you to clarify priorities and allocate (分配) specific blocks of time for focused work. Equally critical is protecting your focus. Schedule demanding tasks for your peak productivity hours and defend these blocks using visual signals(e.g. “Do not disturb” signs). to minimize interruptions. However, a common misconception is that multitasking enhances productivity. In reality, what we call multitasking is often rapid task-switching, which divides attention, reduces focus, and ultimately leads to lower-quality results. 9 It’s important to recognize that the primary barriers to effective self-management are rarely a lack of time: Rather, they typically arise from a lack of clear priorities or unexamined habits. Time, much like money, is a valuable and limited resource. It demands wise allocation and investment in what truly matters. Mastering self-management is key to unlocking enhanced productivity and achieving goals. 10 A．However, the phrase is misleading. B．Achieving your goals is never that easy. C．Anyway, good habits are usually formed by force. D．With this insight structure your day by creating a schedule. E．Instead, concentrated effort on one task produces far superior outcomes. F．A huge part of our day, from morning routine to work processes, runs on habits. G．By managing yourself effectively, you ensure your time is invested, not just spent. 主题01 人与自我——方法与策略 Passage 1 （2026·山东东营·一模） To be “literate” implies the ability to decode language on its most basic terms, but literacy also expands to one’s ability to “read and write” the world. 1 Soccer players, for example, learn the game language. Doctors talk medical terms. Literacy in these specific languages allows us to navigate, participate in and contribute to such a world. Famous writers have penned literacy narratives to reveal the journey of language learning. But you don’t have to be famous to tell your own— everyone has their own story to tell about their relationships with reading and writing. 2 Recall a story linked to your personal history of reading and writing. Perhaps you want to write about your favorite book and its impact on you. 3 Whatever it is, make sure to consider why this particular story is the most important to tell. Once you’ve settled on your story, picture the first scene that comes to mind. Take the story of your favorite book: it may start with describing where you were when you first got it. 4 Where did this lead you in your writing and reading journey? Writing literacy narratives can be joyful, but it can also trigger hidden feelings about the complexities of literacy. 5 Writing them down can help us explore these feelings in order to strengthen our relationship with reading and writing. This, in turn, deepens our understanding of ourselves and others. A．Ready to go but stuck for a start? B．Continue from there to explore further. C．At any given moment, we all orbit language worlds. D．Usually, there are powerful lessons and truths found in it. E．What are your strongest memories of reading and writing? F．Maybe you remember your first brush with poetry’s great power. G．Many of us carry scars and wounds from early literacy experiences. Passage 2 （2026·山东枣庄·一模） A mind map is a highly effective way of getting information in and out of your brain. 6 A recent study found that students who use mind mapping see their grades improve by an average of 12%. 7 Mind mapping helps you organize ideas and understand topics more clearly. It not only lets you learn faster, but also stores information in your long-term memory better. By adding colors and pictures to your mind maps, you create visual clues that make it easier to recall details later — like during a test or a class presentation. People have long drawn idea maps on paper. 8 With mind mapping software, you can easily add and connect ideas. Some programs even work with Microsoft Office and Google, so you can turn your map into a Word document or a PowerPoint slide with just a few clicks. Let’s look a bit deeper. Usually, school assignments are written in a straight, top-down order. But this linear style can be tricky if you find it hard to sort information step-by-step. 9 This radial layout feels more natural and free, helping you generate ideas and put your thoughts together more clearly. Educational experts also recommend mind mapping for students with learning difficulties such as dyslexia or autism. It works as a friendly study aid that supports how they think and learn. In short, mind mapping isn’t just a study trick — it’s a visual, flexible way to study smarter and remember more. 10 A．Why not give it a try? B．Why does it work so well? C．You can compare it to a city map. D．All mind maps share common characteristics. E．It is a logical method of “mapping out” your ideas. F．Today digital tools make the process quicker and neater. G．A mind map, however, grows out from a central idea in all directions. 主题02 人与社会——文化与生活 Passage 1 （2026·山东济宁·一模） What’s the first thing you notice when you step into a museum? Is it the long-faded colors of ancient artifacts or the sounds of visitors discussing what they see? 1 Some locations might even offer an eatable treat inspired by an ancient recipe. Museums allow us to indirectly experience the past by tapping into our primary senses — sight, hearing, touch, taste. 2 “Representations of the past are often scentless (无气味的), but smell probably played a huge role in many historical realities,” says Barbara Huber, an archaeologist in Germany. 3 She and her workmates tracked down some molecular (分子的) remains that can let us smell the past. Through trial and error, they created Scent of the Afterlife, a mix of scent that would have accompanied mummification processes in ancient Egypt. “ 4 One of the reasons is that it is incredibly hard to study. The scents and smells in the past were already gone before archaeologists could come and investigate the sites,” says Huber. Luckily, new chemical and biomolecular methods in archaeology have kind of reopened the door to continue to study these things. “These molecules that we detect can tell us a lot about ancient materials. At the same time, when we reconstruct them like we did with Scent of the Afterlife, we can bring a piece of the past to visitors today. 5 ” says Huber. “If you enter a room and can somehow smell how it must have smelled in a mummification room in ancient Egypt, you’re experiencing the history in a different way. History isn’t something we only see.” A．It can also enrich our understanding of smells. B．However, more often than not, smell is missing. C．Smell has long been ignored in studying the past. D．Maybe there’s a copy of a sculpture you can touch. E．And the exhibit in the museum is not just a displayed object. F．This “aha moment” changed her attitude towards the research. G．The obvious absence of scent in the study of history inspired her. Passage 2 （2026·山东青岛·一模） Someone makes a statement, and you know it is not true. Most of us can think of those times when we have smiled and nodded, likely to avoid “making waves”. Sometimes, knowing when to stay quiet is the smart choice. 6 But what about the vast number of times when not speaking your truth influences your emotional health? Sometimes, silence can quickly backfire and damage your relationships. When you keep silent repeatedly, it may feel like you are avoiding conflict. 7 We all know that the “bottle it up and implode or explode later” plan does not work well for any of us. Every unspoken thought becomes a brick in the wall that grows between you and the other person. 8 If you consistently nod along passively, others will notice when your actions don’t agree with your words. They may wonder whether you are holding back or not being sincere. If you hold back to avoid hurting feelings or spare tension, the result may be the opposite. Your view matters. By staying silent, you lose opportunities to express your feelings. 9 But later, if you unearth how you really feel, they may feel betrayed (背叛)that you did not open up about your true feelings earlier on. Continued silence may lead others to assume that you are not interested or that you are emotionally unavailable. While silence sometimes may feel like caution and be wise, too much of it gets in the way of closeness and trust in relationships. 10 A．You’re actually building it up. B．The growing doubt leads to distance. C．Others may trust you because you are honest. D．Trust comes from honesty more than it does from agreement. E．Speaking up creates connection and conveys a sense of caring in others. F．This is especially true when the other person tends to get annoyed easily. G．Others may think your silence is an agreement with what they are saying. Passage 3 （2026·山东临沂·一模） Social media has become an inescapable part of modern life, raising concerns across generations. 11 When we scroll through screens, our brains become hooked on the notifications, whose unpredictable nature makes them more addictive. This addiction taps into a fundamental human need. We are social beings, hard-wired (固有的) to desire recognition. 12 The constant feedback loop (循环) can turn social approval into a measurable, and often anxious, pursuit. Given the profound impact of social media, the question of regulation arises. With substances like alcohol, governments impose age limits due to their proven harm to developing minds. 13 Research indicates that it has a distinct influence on young people’s developing brains — even contributing to reduced grey matter. 14 Overcoming addiction should become a choice rather than forced inaction. If social media is unavoidable, is it not a wiser option to equip young people to navigate its challenges rather than shelter them entirely? As developmental psychology suggests, adolescents thrive when allowed to learn from mistakes in a supportive setting. Merely restricting access may fuel curiosity and leave them ill-prepared for digital life. Instead, we would engage with their voices as well as instruct them. 15 A．Its addictive design is the core issue. B．But a total ban on minors sparks heated debate. C．The same logic should apply to social media regulation. D．If so, we are more likely to attain the outcome we all desire. E．Many teenagers spend over five hours daily on various social platforms. F．Social media satisfies this by quantifying worth through likes and shares. G．However, the regulation of social media cannot be completely equal to that of alcohol. Passage 4 （2026·山东潍坊·一模） From posters to newspaper articles to presidential speeches, inspirational quotes are everywhere. 16 Perhaps some have been wrongly attributed (归因) over time, but others are just fake. There’s an often-shared internet meme (网络梗) that says: “The problem with quotes found on the internet is that they are often not true — Abraham Lincoln.” Of course, Lincoln didn’t say this! This internet meme perfectly illustrates the problem, but misattributed quotes are not a digital-age invention. 17 For example, in 1919, American author Mark Twain who had died in 1910 was quoted as saying: “A lie will fly around the whole world while the truth is getting its boots on.” It’s a nice quote. But Garson O’Toole who investigates the origins of quotes on Quote Investigator believes Mark Twain never said such a thing. The quote is probably based on something the English-Irish writer Jonathan Swift wrote in 1710: “Falsehood flies, and the Truth comes limping after it.” This changed over time, and somehow got attributed to Twain. People like to attribute quotes to famous people because the name gives authority to the statement. That’s why you might see quotes attributed to people like Albert Einstein, Marilyn Monroe or Winston Churchill. 18 The internet has just made these quotes spread faster and farther. 19 But others are used to mean harm, perhaps to give the impression that a hurtful idea has been supported by a respected person — making it feel more acceptable to agree with. So how can we spot these fake quotes? It’s not always easy, say experts, because some have been attributed wrongly by thousands of websites and publications, including reputable ones. As with fake news, doing a bit of research is a good idea if you want to make sure you’re using an accurate quote. 20 A．Some are shared quite harmlessly. B．Therefore, never coin your own quote. C．But there’s just one problem: many are incorrect. D．And Quote Investigator isn’t a bad place to start. E．It was not Lincoln but Mark Twain who said that. F．The history of untrue quotes is far older than the internet. G．They were even having quotes misattributed to them while alive. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题05阅读理解（七选五） 参考答案 主题01 人与自我 Passage 1：1．G 2．C 3．F 4．A 5．D Passage 2：6．G 7．E 8．A 9．C 10．F 主题02 人与社会——教育与社会 Passage 1：1．A 2．F 3．C 4．G 5．D Passage 2：6．C 7．F 8．E 9．A 10．G 主题03 人与自我——方法与策略 Passage1：1．F 2．B 3．D 4．G 5．E Passage2：6．A 7．F 8．D 9．E 10．G 主题01 人与自我——方法与策略 Passage 1：1．C 2．A 3．F 4．B 5．G Passage 2：6．E 7．B 8．F 9．G 10．A 主题02 人与社会——文化与生活 Passage 1：1．D 2．B 3．G 4．C 5．E Passage 2：6．F 7．A 8．D 9．G 10．E Passage 3：11．A 12．F 13．C 14．B 15．D Passage 4：16．C 17．F 18．G 19．A 20．D / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题05 阅读理解（七选五） 主题01 人与自我 Passage 1 （2026·山东滨州·一模） “Be positive!” has become a popular mindset in recent years. 1 But what happens when we take positivity to an extreme? Could being blindly optimistic lead to disappointment? While looking on the bright side is generally seen as a virtue, new research suggests that “toxic positivity” might actually harm our mental health. Toxic positivity occurs when people deny their real emotions and force themselves to stay optimistic. Gitanjali Trevorrow-Seymour, a professional coach, explains that humans are naturally meant to experience a wide range of emotions, from joy and gratitude to sadness and disappointment. “None of these emotions is meant to be constant,” she says. 2 Like many things in life, mental wellbeing is all about balance. The danger lies in labeling feelings as “good” or “bad.” When we desperately avoid “negative” emotions, we end up suppressing our real feelings. This suppression places extra stress on the body, which can eventually lead to anxiety or even physical illness. 3 If we only show our “happy” selves, our social interactions can become shallow and inauthentic. 4 When a friend is going through hard times, responding with “Try to be positive!” may be well-intentioned, but it often dismisses their feelings. Instead of feeling comforted, they may feel forced to put on a brave face, which is mentally exhausting. True support involves acknowledging their pain rather than attempting to “fix” it immediately. So, should we avoid positive affirmations entirely? Not necessarily. 5 The key is to accept all our emotions — sadness, anger, and grief — instead of treating them as problems to be solved. Only by embracing the full human experience can we truly achieve mental health. A．This issue also affects how we support others. B．Friends can greatly influence our attitudes towards life. C．Even those with a bright outlook can feel grief and gloom. D．They can be useful tools if they feel genuine and grounded. E．What truly remains constant is a positive mindset and inner peace. F．Moreover, forced positivity often robs us of deep connections with others. G．Everyone strives to see the glass as half full and find the rainbow in every situation. 【答案】1．G 2．C 3．F 4．A 5．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了“有毒的积极心态”这一概念，指出盲目乐观可能对心理健康有害，强调要接受所有情绪，而非一味追求积极。 1．上文““Be positive!” has become a popular mindset in recent years.(“要积极！”近年来已成为一种流行的心态。)”描述了近年来积极心态的流行；下文“But what happens when we take positivity to an extreme?(但是，当我们把积极心态推向极端时会发生什么呢？)”提出了一个关于积极心态极端化的疑问。由此可知，本空应描述一种普遍的积极心态，且与下文形成转折关系，即虽然积极心态普遍，但极端化可能有问题。选项G“每个人都努力看到杯子是半满的，并在每种情况下都找到彩虹”描述了人们普遍追求积极心态的情景，与上文相符，且为下文提出的问题做了铺垫。故选G。 2．上文“None of these emotions is meant to be constant.(这些情绪中没有一种是恒定不变的。)”指出情绪是不断变化的；下文“Like many things in life, mental wellbeing is all about balance.(就像生活中的许多事情一样，心理健康关乎平衡。)”强调了心理健康的平衡性。由此可知，本空应描述情绪变化或平衡的相关内容，且与上文提到的情绪变化相呼应。选项C“即使是那些有着乐观前景的人也会感到悲伤和忧郁”描述了即使乐观的人也会有负面情绪，与上文提到的情绪变化相符，且为下文强调的平衡性做了铺垫。故选C。 3．上文“This suppression places extra stress on the body, which can eventually lead to anxiety or even physical illness.(这种压抑会给身体带来额外的压力，最终可能导致焦虑甚至身体疾病。)”描述了压抑情绪对身体的不良影响；下文“If we only show our “happy” selves, our social interactions can become shallow and inauthentic.(如果我们只展示自己“快乐”的一面，我们的社交互动就会变得肤浅和不真实。)”描述了强迫积极心态对社交互动的不良影响。由此可知，本空应描述强迫积极心态的其他不良影响，且与上文提到的身体影响和下文提到的社交影响相呼应。选项F“此外，强迫的积极心态往往会剥夺我们与他人之间的深厚联系”描述了强迫积极心态对人际关系的不良影响。故选F。 4．下文“When a friend is going through hard times, responding with “Try to be positive!” may be well-intentioned, but it often dismisses their feelings.(当朋友经历困难时期时，用“试着积极点！”来回应可能是出于好意，但这往往忽视了他们的感受。)”描述了用积极心态回应朋友困难时的不足。由此可知，本空应描述与支持他人或回应他人困难相关的内容，且为下文的具体例子做铺垫。选项A“这个问题也影响我们如何支持他人”提出了一个问题，即如何支持他人，与下文描述的回应朋友困难时的不足相呼应。故选A。 5．上文“So, should we avoid positive affirmations entirely? Not necessarily.(那么，我们应该完全避免积极的肯定吗？不一定。)”提出了一个关于是否应完全避免积极肯定的问题，并给出了否定的回答；下文“The key is to accept all our emotions — sadness, anger, and grief — instead of treating them as problems to be solved.(关键是要接受我们所有的情绪——悲伤、愤怒和悲伤——而不是把它们当作需要解决的问题来对待。)”强调了接受所有情绪的重要性。由此可知，本空应描述积极肯定的作用或条件，且与上下文提到的接受情绪和避免极端化相呼应。选项D“如果它们是真诚和有根据的，它们可以是有用的工具”描述了积极肯定在真诚和有根据的情况下可以是有用的工具。故选D。 Passage 2 （2026·山东菏泽·一模） My daughter had just returned from a school camp where smart phones were banned, and she couldn’t stop talking about how peaceful it felt. “You should try it, Mom,” she said. “Just a month. See what happens.” 6 I bought a basic phone that could only call and text, and put my smart phone in a drawer. The first few days were difficult. I reached for my phone constantly — waiting for coffee, sitting at a red light, standing in line at the grocery store. 7 I felt empty, oddly anxious. What was I supposed to do with these moments? Slowly, I started to figure it out. 8 For example, the way light fell through the windows in my kitchen, the sound of birds outside my office, the faces of strangers on the street. I also had conversations — real ones — with people I would otherwise have ignored while scrolling. The month ended, and I took my smart phone from the drawer. 9 That’s not realistic, and it’s not the point. The point is to use it intentionally rather than habitually. Therefore, I made changes. I turned off all unnecessary alerts. I deleted social media apps from my home screen. Small things, but they add up. 10 I learned that boredom is not an emergency. Those empty moments — waiting, walking, sitting — are not problems to be solved. They are opportunities to be present. They are the spaces where creativity happens, where thoughts form, where we connect with ourselves and the world around us. A．I noticed things I had been missing for years. B．Whether to give it a try or not became a question. C．I didn’t throw it away or promise to give it up forever. D．I missed the happy moments I had experienced before. E．I found only the phone’s tiny screen and limited functions. F．More important than the changes, though, is what I learned. G．I laughed it off at first but decided to go without mine for a month. 【答案】6．G 7．E 8．A 9．C 10．F 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者听从女儿建议，停用智能手机一个月，改用功能机，重新感受生活、学会专注当下的经历与感悟。 6．上文“My daughter had just returned from a school camp where smart phones were banned, and she couldn’t stop talking about how peaceful it felt. ‘You should try it, Mom,’ she said. ‘Just a month. See what happens.’ (我女儿刚从一个禁止使用智能手机的学校夏令营回来，她不停地说那种平静的感觉有多好。‘你应该试试，妈妈，’她说，‘就一个月。看看会发生什么。’)”女儿建议作者停用一个月智能手机。选项G“一开始我一笑置之，但还是决定一个月不用智能手机。”承接上文女儿的提议，交代作者的决定，引出下文的经历。故选G。 7．上文“The first few days were difficult. I reached for my phone constantly — waiting for coffee, sitting at a red light, standing in line at the grocery store. (最初几天很难熬。我总是下意识地去摸手机——等咖啡的时候、等红灯的时候、在杂货店排队的时候。)”写作者刚停用智能机时很不适应。下文“I felt empty, oddly anxious. (我感到空虚，奇怪的焦虑。)”。选项E“我看到的只有手机小小的屏幕和有限的功能。”写出功能机与智能机的落差，呼应下文的空虚焦虑。故选E。 8．上文“Slowly, I started to figure it out. (慢慢地，我开始适应了。)”表明作者逐渐找到状态。下文“For example, the way light fell through the windows in my kitchen, the sound of birds outside my office, the faces of strangers on the street. (例如，阳光照进厨房的样子、办公室外的鸟鸣、街上陌生人的脸庞。)”举例说明作者开始留意身边细节。选项A“我注意到了那些错过多年的小事。”总起下文，与后文举例内容一致。故选A。 9．上文“The month ended, and I took my smart phone from the drawer. (一个月结束了，我把智能手机从抽屉里拿了出来。)”写作者重新拿回智能机。下文“That’s not realistic, and it’s not the point. (那不现实，也不是重点。)”表明作者不会彻底放弃智能手机。选项C“我没有把它扔掉，也没有承诺永远不用。”衔接上下文，符合语境。故选C。 10．下文“I learned that boredom is not an emergency. Those empty moments — waiting, walking, sitting — are not problems to be solved. (我明白了无聊并不是什么紧急情况。那些空白的时刻——等待、行走、静坐——并不是需要解决的问题。)”讲述作者的收获。选项F“不过，比这些改变更重要的是我学到的东西。”引出下文的感悟，总领本段。故选F。 主题02 人与社会——教育与社会 Passage 1 （2026·山东临沂·一模） Social media has become an inescapable part of modern life, raising concerns across generations. 1 When we scroll through screens, our brains become hooked on the notifications, whose unpredictable nature makes them more addictive. This addiction taps into a fundamental human need. We are social beings, hard-wired (固有的) to desire recognition. 2 The constant feedback loop (循环) can turn social approval into a measurable, and often anxious, pursuit. Given the profound impact of social media, the question of regulation arises. With substances like alcohol, governments impose age limits due to their proven harm to developing minds. 3 Research indicates that it has a distinct influence on young people’s developing brains — even contributing to reduced grey matter. 4 Overcoming addiction should become a choice rather than forced inaction. If social media is unavoidable, is it not a wiser option to equip young people to navigate its challenges rather than shelter them entirely? As developmental psychology suggests, adolescents thrive when allowed to learn from mistakes in a supportive setting. Merely restricting access may fuel curiosity and leave them ill-prepared for digital life. Instead, we would engage with their voices as well as instruct them. 5 A．Its addictive design is the core issue. B．But a total ban on minors sparks heated debate. C．The same logic should apply to social media regulation. D．If so, we are more likely to attain the outcome we all desire. E．Many teenagers spend over five hours daily on various social platforms. F．Social media satisfies this by quantifying worth through likes and shares. G．However, the regulation of social media cannot be completely equal to that of alcohol. 【答案】1．A 2．F 3．C 4．G 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要探讨了社交媒体在现代生活中的影响，特别是其成瘾性设计对青少年的潜在危害，以及如何通过合理监管和教育来应对这一问题。 1．由上文“Social media has become an inescapable part of modern life, raising concerns across generations. (社交媒体已经成为现代生活中不可避免的一部分，引起了各代人的担忧)”及下文“When we scroll through screens, our brains become hooked on the notifications, whose unpredictable nature makes them more addictive. (当我们浏览屏幕时，我们的大脑会被通知所吸引，其不可预测的性质使它们更容易上瘾)”可知，上文说明了社交媒体已成为现代生活的一部分，下文引出社交媒体成瘾性的问题，本空应说明社交媒体成瘾性设计是核心问题，A选项“Its addictive design is the core issue. (它的成瘾性设计是核心问题)”能承上启下，符合语境。故选A。 2．由上文“We are social beings, hard-wired (固有的) to desire recognition. (我们是社会性生物，天生渴望被认可)”及下文“The constant feedback loop (循环) can turn social approval into a measurable, and often anxious, pursuit. (不断的反馈循环可以将社会认可转化为可衡量的，而且往往是焦虑的追求)”可知，上文说明了人类天生渴望被认可，下文引出社交媒体通过量化价值来满足这种需求，本空应说明社交媒体如何满足这种需求，F选项“Social media satisfies this by quantifying worth through likes and shares. (社交媒体通过点赞和分享来量化价值，从而满足这一点。)”能承上启下，符合语境。故选F。 3．由上文“With substances like alcohol, governments impose age limits due to their proven harm to developing minds. (对于酒精等物质，政府会设定年龄限制，因为它们已被证明对发育中的大脑有害)”及下文“Research indicates that it has a distinct influence on young people’s developing brains — even contributing to reduced grey matter. (研究表明，它对年轻人发育中的大脑有显著影响，甚至会导致灰质减少)”可知，上文说明了政府对酒精等有害物质设定年龄限制，下文引出社交媒体对青少年大脑的影响，本空应说明同样的逻辑应适用于社交媒体监管，C选项“The same logic should apply to social media regulation. (同样的逻辑应该适用于社交媒体监管)”能承上启下，符合语境。故选C。 4．由上文“With substances like alcohol, governments impose age limits due to their proven harm to developing minds. (对于酒精等物质，政府会设定年龄限制，因为它们已被证明对发育中的大脑有害)”及下文“Overcoming addiction should become a choice rather than forced inaction.(克服上瘾应该成为一种选择，而不是被迫的不作为)”可知，上文介绍政府对酒精强制管制，下文提出不能完全强制管制社交媒体的上瘾，本空应表达两者监管不能完全等同。G 选项 “However, the regulation of social media cannot be completely equal to that of alcohol.(然而，社交媒体的监管不能完全等同于酒精的监管)” 能承上启下，符合语境。故选 G。 5．由上文“As developmental psychology suggests, adolescents thrive when allowed to learn from mistakes in a supportive setting. Merely restricting access may fuel curiosity and leave them ill-prepared for digital life. Instead, we would engage with their voices as well as instruct them. (发展心理学表明，青少年在支持性的环境中从错误中学习时茁壮成长。仅仅限制访问可能会激发好奇心，让他们对数字生活准备不足。相反，我们会倾听他们的声音并指导他们)”可知，上文说明了青少年需要在支持性的环境中从错误中学习，本空应说明这样做的结果，D选项“If so, we are more likely to attain the outcome we all desire. (如果是这样，我们更有可能达到我们想要的结果)”能承接上文，符合语境。故选D。 Passage 2 （2026·山东德州·一模） In a time when celebrities, social media influencers, and famous personalities seem like they are just a click away, it’s easy to understand how emotional bonds with public figures have become more personal and complex than ever. 6 The term was coined in 1956 when televisions became widely available, and TV viewers began to develop the sense of false closeness with the characters on the screen. The parasocial relationships are one-sided relationships in which a person develops a strong sense of connection or familiarity with someone they don’t know, most often celebrities or media personalities. 7 They experience a bond that lacks reciprocity (互惠). There is no firm conclusion regarding why people develop parasocial relationships. 8 When so much of our time is spent online or watching TV or movies, we’re naturally likely to recognize the faces we repeatedly see and develop warm feelings for them. Another possible cause is loneliness. Some research suggests that the lonelier an individual feels, the more likely they are to engage in parasocial relationships, seeking a connection in some form, if not in real life. 9 Some researchers have found that highly social individuals who are more likely to form friendships and relationships in real life are also more likely to form parasocial relationships. There is also the belief that parasocial relationships can simply be less demanding and more fun than real-life relationships. 10 Plus the subjects of parasocial relationships are typically talented, beautiful, or funny. Originally believed to be unhealthy due to their one-sided nature, these parasocial relationships are typically harmless and, in fact, quite common. A．Other research contradicts the idea. B．They contribute to real-life relationships. C．These are known as parasocial relationships. D．Parasocial relationships can certainly have benefits. E．But one is that the human brain developed to be social. F．These relationships exist only in the mind of the individual. G．There are no conflicts or maintenance that need to be attended to. 【答案】6．C 7．F 8．E 9．A 10．G 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了准社会关系的定义、成因及特点。 6．上文“In a time when celebrities, social media influencers, and famous personalities seem like they are just a click away, it’s easy to understand how emotional bonds with public figures have become more personal and complex than ever.(在名人、社交媒体博主和公众人物仿佛触手可及的时代，我们很容易理解，与公众人物之间的情感联结变得比以往任何时候都更加私人化，也更加复杂。)”引出公众人物与普通人之间产生更个人化、更复杂的情感联结这一现象；而下文开始解释该现象的定义和起源。选项C“These are known as parasocial relationships. (这些关系被称为准社会关系。)”起到承上启下的作用，用一个总括性定义引出下文要详细解释的核心概念。故选C。 7．上文“The parasocial relationships are one-sided relationships in which a person develops a strong sense of connection or familiarity with someone they don’t know, most often celebrities or media personalities.(准社会关系是一种单方面的关系，即一个人会与自己不认识的人（通常是名人或媒体人物）产生强烈的联结感或熟悉感。)”给出了准社会关系的定义；而下文“They experience a bond that lacks reciprocity(互惠).(他们所体验到的这种联结，缺乏相互性。)”进一步说明这种联结缺乏互惠性。选项F“These relationships exist only in the mind of the individual. (这种关系只存在于个体的头脑中。)”包括“单方面”“无互惠”的特点，是对定义的补充说明，逻辑连贯。故选F。 8．上文“There is no firm conclusion regarding why people develop parasocial relationships.(关于人们为何会形成准社会关系，目前尚无定论。)”提出人们为何会形成准社会关系尚无定论；而下文“When so much of our time is spent online or watching TV or movies, we’re naturally likely to recognize the faces we repeatedly see and develop warm feelings for them.(当我们将大量时间花在上网、看电视或看电影上时，我们自然会认出那些反复出现的面孔，并对他们产生好感。)”则分析了原因。选项E“But one is that the human brain developed to be social.(其中一个原因是，人类的大脑天生就具有社交属性。)”承接“尚无定论”，引出第一个原因，与下文的具体原因逻辑一致。故选E。 9．上文“Another possible cause is loneliness. Some research suggests that the lonelier an individual feels, the more likely they are to engage in parasocial relationships, seeking a connection in some form, if not in real life. (另一个可能的原因是孤独感。一些研究表明，一个人越感到孤独，就越有可能建立准社会关系，以某种方式寻求联结——即便这种联结并非现实生活中的关系)”提出孤独感可能是原因之一；而下文“Some researchers have found that highly social individuals who are more likely to form friendships and relationships in real life are also more likely to form parasocial relationships. (一些研究人员发现，在现实生活中更擅长社交、更容易建立友谊和人际关系的人，也更容易形成准社会关系。)”转而说明现实中社交能力强、易建立真实友谊的人，也更容易形成准社会关系。选项A“Other research contradicts the idea. (但其他研究与这一观点相悖。)”起到转折作用，引出与“孤独感”相反的研究结论，逻辑衔接紧密。故选A。 10．上文“There is also the belief that parasocial relationships can simply be less demanding and more fun than real-life relationships. (还有一种观点认为，准社会关系往往比现实关系要求更低，也更有趣。)”提出准社会关系比现实关系要求更低、更有趣；而下文“Plus the subjects of parasocial relationships are typically talented, beautiful, or funny. (此外，准社会关系的对象通常都很有才华、颜值出众或风趣幽默。)”补充而且准社会关系的对象通常有才华、颜值高或有趣。选项G“There are no conflicts or maintenance that need to be attended to. (它没有需要处理的冲突，也无需费心维护。)”具体解释“要求更低”，与“更有趣”共同支撑本段核心观点，逻辑一致。故选G。 主题03 人与自我——方法与策略 Passage1 （2026·山东烟台·一模） As a freezing cold winter draws near, the winter blues often sets in — a low mood marked by feeling sadder, less energized or less interested in activities than usual. 1 Here is what you can do to get it over. Laughter is the best medicine that stimulates brain activity to relieve depressive symptoms. 2 You can get the greatest gift from them: a hearty laugh. Laughter is highly infectious, so invite friends to join you and share the popcorn. While prolonged screen time isn’t advised, an occasional movie marathon is perfect on cold days. It’s essential to build activities into your day and give yourself a manageable task to complete. Even chores like cleaning the floor will give you a sense of competence and achievement. 3 You can treat yourself to fresh flowers or homemade cup of hot cocoa. These fun or meaningful things are the basis for behavioral activation, a vital means of boosting spirits. 4 If a coworker’s upcoming Bermuda vacation sparks your travel wish, plan a local staycation — even a mini one, for example, a Sunday afternoon ice skating with friends, trying a new nearby restaurant or going to a concert. All this requires neither a big budget nor time off work but still cheers you up. Lack of sunshine disturbs the body’s biological clock, leading to a drop in serotonin (血清素) and vitamin D levels, and therefore, your mood and energy levels. If you have flexibility and the weather allows, try to schedule early-morning walks or lunchtime jogs outside to get more natural light. 5 A．Stop thinking about unpleasant stuff. B．Line up a bunch of comedies to watch. C．Positive habits can promote self-discipline. D．But do balance your hard work with minor joys. E．They’ll brighten your day and recharge your energy. F．If ignored, it’ll worsen into a serious mental disorder. G．People get a mood lift with something to look forward to. 【答案】1．F 2．B 3．D 4．G 5．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了在寒冷的冬季，人们容易情绪低落，并给出了应对冬季忧郁的几种方法。 1．由上文“As a freezing cold winter draws near, the winter blues often sets in — a low mood marked by feeling sadder, less energized or less interested in activities than usual. (随着寒冷的冬天临近，冬季忧郁症常常会发作——情绪低落，表现为比平时更悲伤、精力更少或对活动更不感兴趣)”及下文“Here is what you can do to get it over. (以下是你能做的来克服它)”可知，上文说明了冬季忧郁症的症状，下文引出应对方法，本空应说明如果不及时处理，冬季忧郁症会恶化。F选项“If ignored, it’ll worsen into a serious mental disorder. (如果忽视它，它会恶化成严重的精神障碍)”能承上启下，符合语境。故选F。 2．由上文“Laughter is the best medicine that stimulates brain activity to relieve depressive symptoms. (笑是刺激大脑活动以缓解抑郁症状的最佳良药)”及下文“You can get the greatest gift from them: a hearty laugh. (你可以从他们那里得到最好的礼物：开怀大笑)”可知，上文说明了笑的好处，下文提到从某处得到开怀大笑，本空应说明一种获得笑声的好方法。B选项“Line up a bunch of comedies to watch. (排一队喜剧片来看)”能承上启下，符合语境。故选B。 3．由上文“Even chores like cleaning the floor will give you a sense of competence and achievement. (即使是像打扫地板这样的家务活也会给你一种能力感和成就感)”及下文“You can treat yourself to fresh flowers or homemade cup of hot cocoa. (你可以用鲜花或自制的热可可来犒劳自己)”可知，上文说明了做家务的好处，下文提到用小乐趣犒劳自己，本空应强调要在努力工作和小乐趣之间找到平衡。D选项“But do balance your hard work with minor joys. (但是一定要在努力工作和小乐趣之间找到平衡)”能承上启下，符合语境。故选D。 4．由下文“If a coworker’s upcoming Bermuda vacation sparks your travel wish, plan a local staycation — even a mini one, for example, a Sunday afternoon ice skating with friends, trying a new nearby restaurant or going to a concert. (如果同事即将去百慕大度假激发了你的旅行愿望，那就计划一次本地度假——哪怕是一次迷你度假，比如和朋友在周日下午滑冰，尝试一家附近的新餐厅或去看一场音乐会)”可知，本段主要说明了有期待的事情会让人心情变好，G选项“People get a mood lift with something to look forward to. (人们因为有期待的事情而心情变好)”能概括本段主旨，符合语境。故选G。 5．由上文“Lack of sunshine disturbs the body’s biological clock, leading to a drop in serotonin (血清素) and vitamin D levels, and therefore, your mood and energy levels. If you have flexibility and the weather allows, try to schedule early-morning walks or lunchtime jogs outside to get more natural light. (缺乏阳光会扰乱身体的生物钟，导致血清素和维生素D水平下降，从而影响你的情绪和能量水平。如果你有灵活性并且天气允许，试着安排早上散步或午餐时间慢跑，以获得更多的自然光)”可知，上文说明了获得自然光的好处，本空应说明或总结自然光的好处。E选项“They’ll brighten your day and recharge your energy. (它们会让你的一天更明亮，让你充满活力)”能承接上文，符合语境。故选E。 Passage 2 （2026·山东济南·一模） Time management is often described as the way you use time to get more done and achieve desired results. 6 It is impossible to manage time. Each day offers everyone the same 24 hours, so what you can truly manage is yourself. 7 By developing productive habits, you automatically direct your focus toward high-impact tasks, ensuring that efforts are not merely spent on doing more, but on doing the right things well. Therefore, shifting from being merely busy to being genuinely productive requires forming a set of essential habits. You may begin by tracking your time for a week to gain an honest, data-driven picture of your current habits. 8 It helps force you to clarify priorities and allocate (分配) specific blocks of time for focused work. Equally critical is protecting your focus. Schedule demanding tasks for your peak productivity hours and defend these blocks using visual signals(e.g. “Do not disturb” signs). to minimize interruptions. However, a common misconception is that multitasking enhances productivity. In reality, what we call multitasking is often rapid task-switching, which divides attention, reduces focus, and ultimately leads to lower-quality results. 9 It’s important to recognize that the primary barriers to effective self-management are rarely a lack of time: Rather, they typically arise from a lack of clear priorities or unexamined habits. Time, much like money, is a valuable and limited resource. It demands wise allocation and investment in what truly matters. Mastering self-management is key to unlocking enhanced productivity and achieving goals. 10 A．However, the phrase is misleading. B．Achieving your goals is never that easy. C．Anyway, good habits are usually formed by force. D．With this insight structure your day by creating a schedule. E．Instead, concentrated effort on one task produces far superior outcomes. F．A huge part of our day, from morning routine to work processes, runs on habits. G．By managing yourself effectively, you ensure your time is invested, not just spent. 【答案】6．A 7．F 8．D 9．E 10．G 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是如何做好时间管理。 6．前文“Time management is often described as the way you use time to get more done and achieve desired results.(时间管理通常被描述为一种利用时间来完成更多事情并达成预期目标的方式。)”描述了时间管理的常见定义，后文“It is impossible to manage time. Each day offers everyone the same 24 hours, so what you can truly manage is yourself.(我们无法真正管理时间。每一天都给每个人提供着相同的 24 小时，所以真正能被我们管理的，其实是我们自己。)”直接否定这种说法，指出真正能管理的是自己，说明常见定义有误导性。A选项“However, the phrase is misleading.(然而，这个表述是具有误导性的。)”说明这个表述有误导性，符合语境，起到承上启下的作用，故选A。 7．后文“By developing productive habits, you automatically direct your focus toward high-impact tasks, ensuring that efforts are not merely spent on doing more, but on doing the right things well. Therefore, shifting from being merely busy to being genuinely productive requires forming a set of essential habits.(通过养成高效的习惯，你自然而然地会将注意力集中在具有高影响力的任务上，确保所付出的努力并非只是多做事，而是把精力用在把事情做好上。因此，从仅仅忙碌的状态转变为真正高效的状态，需要养成一系列必要的习惯。)”强调了养成高效习惯的重要性，F选项“A huge part of our day, from morning routine to work processes, runs on habits.(我们一天中很大一部分时间——从早晨的例行事务到工作的过程——都是依赖习惯来完成的)”引出了养成高效的习惯这一话题，与后文紧密相关，故选F。 8．前文“You may begin by tracking your time for a week to gain an honest, data-driven picture of your current habits.(你可以先花一周的时间来记录自己的时间，以此来真实、客观地了解自己的当前习惯状况。)”提到记录时间，后文“It helps force you to clarify priorities and allocate (分配) specific blocks of time for focused work.(这有助于促使你明确优先事项，并为专注工作分配特定时间段。)”说它有助于明确优先事项和分配时间，D选项“With this insight structure your day by creating a schedule.(基于这一认识，通过制定计划来安排你的每一天。)”承接前文记录时间的行为，并引出后文创建日程表的作用，因此符合语境，故选D。 9．前文“In reality, what we call multitasking is often rapid task-switching, which divides attention, reduces focus, and ultimately leads to lower-quality results.(但实际上，我们所说的多任务处理往往指的是快速的任务切换，这种做法会分散注意力、降低专注力，并最终导致成果质量下降。)”指出多任务处理的弊端，E选项“Instead, concentrated effort on one task produces far superior outcomes.(相反，专注于一项任务所产生的效果要好得多。)”与前文形成对比，进一步强调专注一项任务的好处，因此符合语境，故选E。 10．前文“Mastering self-management is key to unlocking enhanced productivity and achieving goals.(掌握自我管理能力是实现更高工作效率和达成目标的关键。)”强调了自我管理的重要性，G选项“By managing yourself effectively, you ensure your time is invested, not just spent.(通过有效地管理自己，你可以确保时间得到充分利用，而不是白白浪费掉。)”进一步阐述了有效自我管理对时间利用的意义，与前文紧密相连，故选G。 主题01 人与自我——方法与策略 Passage 1 （2026·山东东营·一模） To be “literate” implies the ability to decode language on its most basic terms, but literacy also expands to one’s ability to “read and write” the world. 1 Soccer players, for example, learn the game language. Doctors talk medical terms. Literacy in these specific languages allows us to navigate, participate in and contribute to such a world. Famous writers have penned literacy narratives to reveal the journey of language learning. But you don’t have to be famous to tell your own— everyone has their own story to tell about their relationships with reading and writing. 2 Recall a story linked to your personal history of reading and writing. Perhaps you want to write about your favorite book and its impact on you. 3 Whatever it is, make sure to consider why this particular story is the most important to tell. Once you’ve settled on your story, picture the first scene that comes to mind. Take the story of your favorite book: it may start with describing where you were when you first got it. 4 Where did this lead you in your writing and reading journey? Writing literacy narratives can be joyful, but it can also trigger hidden feelings about the complexities of literacy. 5 Writing them down can help us explore these feelings in order to strengthen our relationship with reading and writing. This, in turn, deepens our understanding of ourselves and others. A．Ready to go but stuck for a start? B．Continue from there to explore further. C．At any given moment, we all orbit language worlds. D．Usually, there are powerful lessons and truths found in it. E．What are your strongest memories of reading and writing? F．Maybe you remember your first brush with poetry’s great power. G．Many of us carry scars and wounds from early literacy experiences. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．F 4．B 5．G 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍素养的内涵，并指导如何书写素养叙事。 1．上文“To be ‘literate’ implies the ability to decode language on its most basic terms, but literacy also expands to one’s ability to ‘read and write’ the world. (所谓‘识字’，意味着具备从最基本层面解读语言的能力，但读写能力也延伸到一个人‘读写’世界的能力)”说明“识字”不仅是解读语言，还能“读写”世界，下文“Soccer players, for example, learn the game language. Doctors talk medical terms. Literacy in these specific languages allows us to navigate, participate in and contribute to such a world. (例如，足球运动员学习运动语言，医生使用医学术语。掌握这些特定领域的语言，能让我们在相应的世界里适应、参与并有所贡献)”举例足球运动员、医生都有各自的专业语言，空处承上启下，C选项“在任何时候，我们都在围绕着语言世界运转”符合语境，既承接上文，又为下文的具体例子做铺垫。故选C。 2．上文“Famous writers have penned literacy narratives to reveal the journey of language learning. But you don’t have to be famous to tell your own — everyone has their own story to tell about their relationships with reading and writing. (著名作家写下了识字叙事，来展现语言学习的历程。但你不必成名也可以讲述自己的故事——每个人都有关于自己与读写关系的故事可讲)”说明每个人都有关于读写的故事可讲，空处应该与讲述故事相关，A选项“准备好了却不知从何开始？”符合语境，以问句形式自然过渡到具体的写作指导。故选A。 3．上文“Recall a story linked to your personal history of reading and writing. Perhaps you want to write about your favorite book and its impact on you. (回忆一个与你个人读写历史相关的故事。也许你想写写你最喜欢的书以及它对你的影响)”给出了一些讲述读写故事的思路，空处承接上文，应是与上文并列的另一个可能的写作主题，F选项“也许你还记得你第一次感受到诗歌的强大力量”是讲述读写故事的一个具体例子，符合语境，提供了另一种写作选择。故选F。 4．上文“Once you’ve settled on your story, picture the first scene that comes to mind. Take the story of your favorite book: it may start with describing where you were when you first got it. (一旦你确定了你的故事，想象一下首先浮现在脑海中的场景。以你最喜欢的书的故事为例：它可能从描述你第一次得到它时所在的地方开始)”说明确定故事后要想象第一个场景，并举例进行说明，下文“Where did this lead you in your writing and reading journey? (这在你的写作和阅读之旅中把你带向了哪里？)”提出问题引导进一步思考，空处承接上文，B选项“从那里继续深入探索”符合语境，承接上文描述第一个场景，引出下文思考场景的意义，符合逻辑。故选B。 5．上文“Writing literacy narratives can be joyful, but it can also trigger hidden feelings about the complexities of literacy. (撰写识字叙事文章可能是令人愉悦的，但也可能触发人们对读写复杂性的隐藏情感)”说明写识字叙事可能会引发关于识字复杂性的隐藏情感，下文“Writing them down can help us explore these feelings in order to strengthen our relationship with reading and writing. This, in turn, deepens our understanding of ourselves and others. (把它们写下来可以帮助我们探索这些情感，从而加强我们与读写的关系。这反过来又加深了我们对自己和他人的理解)”说明写下这些情感的好处，空处承上启下，G选项“我们许多人都带着早年识字学习经历留下的创伤与伤痛”符合语境，具体说明这些情感的来源，同时引出下文写下这些情感的好处。故选G。 Passage 2 （2026·山东枣庄·一模） A mind map is a highly effective way of getting information in and out of your brain. 6 A recent study found that students who use mind mapping see their grades improve by an average of 12%. 7 Mind mapping helps you organize ideas and understand topics more clearly. It not only lets you learn faster, but also stores information in your long-term memory better. By adding colors and pictures to your mind maps, you create visual clues that make it easier to recall details later — like during a test or a class presentation. People have long drawn idea maps on paper. 8 With mind mapping software, you can easily add and connect ideas. Some programs even work with Microsoft Office and Google, so you can turn your map into a Word document or a PowerPoint slide with just a few clicks. Let’s look a bit deeper. Usually, school assignments are written in a straight, top-down order. But this linear style can be tricky if you find it hard to sort information step-by-step. 9 This radial layout feels more natural and free, helping you generate ideas and put your thoughts together more clearly. Educational experts also recommend mind mapping for students with learning difficulties such as dyslexia or autism. It works as a friendly study aid that supports how they think and learn. In short, mind mapping isn’t just a study trick — it’s a visual, flexible way to study smarter and remember more. 10 A．Why not give it a try? B．Why does it work so well? C．You can compare it to a city map. D．All mind maps share common characteristics. E．It is a logical method of “mapping out” your ideas. F．Today digital tools make the process quicker and neater. G．A mind map, however, grows out from a central idea in all directions. 【答案】6．E 7．B 8．F 9．G 10．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍思维导图是高效的信息输入输出方式，阐述其优势、数字化应用、布局特点及适用人群，推荐大家使用。 6．根据上文“A mind map is a highly effective way of getting information in and out of your brain.(思维导图是一种高效的大脑信息输入和输出方式)”以及下文“A recent study found that students who use mind mapping see their grades improve by an average of 12%.(最近一项研究发现，使用思维导图的学生平均成绩提高了12%)”可知，此处应衔接思维导图的高效性与下文的成绩提升数据，对思维导图的作用进行补充说明，E选项“It is a logical method of ‘mapping out’ your ideas.(它是一种梳理想法的逻辑方法)”既呼应上文“高效的信息处理方式”，又为下文的成绩提升结论做铺垫，符合语境。故选E项。 7．根据上文“A recent study found that students who use mind mapping see their grades improve by an average of 12%.(最近一项研究发现，使用思维导图的学生平均成绩提高了12%)”以及下文“Mind mapping helps you organize ideas and understand topics more clearly. It not only lets you learn faster, but also stores information in your long-term memory better.(思维导图帮助你更清晰地组织思路和理解主题。它不仅能让你学得更快，还能更好地将信息存储在长期记忆中)”可知，此处应提出疑问，引出下文对思维导图效果好的原因分析，B选项“Why does it work so well?(为什么它的效果这么好？)”以设问衔接上文的积极效果，自然引出下文的原因阐述，符合语境。故选B项。 8．根据上文“People have long drawn idea maps on paper.(长期以来，人们一直在纸上绘制思维导图)”以及下文“With mind mapping software, you can easily add and connect ideas. Some programs even work with Microsoft Office and Google, so you can turn your map into a Word document or a PowerPoint slide with just a few clicks.(使用思维导图软件，你可以轻松添加和连接想法。有些程序甚至可以与微软办公软件和谷歌软件兼容，因此，你只需点击几下鼠标，就能将思维导图转换成Word文档或PowerPoint幻灯片)”可知，此处应体现从传统纸质绘制到现代数字化工具的转变，F选项“Today digital tools make the process quicker and neater.(如今，数字工具让这个过程更快、更整洁)”衔接上文的传统方式，引出下文的数字化应用，符合语境。故选F项。 9．根据上文“Usually, school assignments are written in a straight, top-down order. But this linear style can be tricky if you find it hard to sort information step-by-step.(通常，学校作业是按照直线式、自上而下的顺序撰写的。但如果你发现很难按步骤整理信息，这种线性风格可能会很棘手)”以及下文“This radial layout feels more natural and free, helping you generate ideas and put your thoughts together more clearly.(这种辐射状布局感觉更自然、更自由，帮助你产生想法并更清晰地整合思路)”可知，此处应对比线性布局与思维导图的布局特点，G选项“A mind map, however, grows out from a central idea in all directions.(然而，思维导图是从一个中心思想向各个方向展开的)”以however形成转折，引出下文的辐射状布局，符合语境。故选G项。 10．根据上文“In short, mind mapping isn’t just a study trick — it’s a visual, flexible way to study smarter and remember more.(总之，思维导图不仅仅是一种学习技巧——它是一种可视化、灵活的方式，能让你更聪明地学习，记住更多东西)”可知，此处应发出倡议，推荐大家使用思维导图，A选项“Why not give it a try?(为什么不试一试呢？)”作为结尾，呼应前文对思维导图优势的总结，发出积极倡议，符合语境。故选A项。 主题02 人与社会——文化与生活 Passage 1 （2026·山东济宁·一模） What’s the first thing you notice when you step into a museum? Is it the long-faded colors of ancient artifacts or the sounds of visitors discussing what they see? 1 Some locations might even offer an eatable treat inspired by an ancient recipe. Museums allow us to indirectly experience the past by tapping into our primary senses — sight, hearing, touch, taste. 2 “Representations of the past are often scentless (无气味的), but smell probably played a huge role in many historical realities,” says Barbara Huber, an archaeologist in Germany. 3 She and her workmates tracked down some molecular (分子的) remains that can let us smell the past. Through trial and error, they created Scent of the Afterlife, a mix of scent that would have accompanied mummification processes in ancient Egypt. “ 4 One of the reasons is that it is incredibly hard to study. The scents and smells in the past were already gone before archaeologists could come and investigate the sites,” says Huber. Luckily, new chemical and biomolecular methods in archaeology have kind of reopened the door to continue to study these things. “These molecules that we detect can tell us a lot about ancient materials. At the same time, when we reconstruct them like we did with Scent of the Afterlife, we can bring a piece of the past to visitors today. 5 ” says Huber. “If you enter a room and can somehow smell how it must have smelled in a mummification room in ancient Egypt, you’re experiencing the history in a different way. History isn’t something we only see.” A．It can also enrich our understanding of smells. B．However, more often than not, smell is missing. C．Smell has long been ignored in studying the past. D．Maybe there’s a copy of a sculpture you can touch. E．And the exhibit in the museum is not just a displayed object. F．This “aha moment” changed her attitude towards the research. G．The obvious absence of scent in the study of history inspired her. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．G 4．C 5．E 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了传统博物馆主要通过视觉、听觉、触觉、味觉让人们感受历史，但嗅觉一直被忽视。德国考古学家Barbara Huber受此启发，利用现代分子技术复原古代气味，让参观者能通过嗅觉更真实、立体地体验历史，使博物馆展览不再只是单纯的展品展示。 1．根据后文“Museums allow us to indirectly experience the past by tapping into our primary senses — sight, hearing, touch, taste.(博物馆让我们通过调动视觉、听觉、触觉、味觉等主要感官间接体验过去。)”可知，该部分应是讲到了博物馆提供的“视觉、听觉、触觉、味觉”等感官体验，而空前内容“Is it the long-faded colors of ancient artifacts or the sounds of visitors discussing what they see?(是那些古老文物早已褪色的色彩，还是游客们讨论所见之物的声音？)”以及空后内容“Some locations might even offer an eatable treat inspired by an ancient recipe.(有些地方甚至会提供一种源自古老食谱的可食用美食。)”涉及了“视觉”，“听觉”和“味觉”，由此推知，设空处应涉及博物馆提供的“触觉”。选项D“Maybe there’s a copy of a sculpture you can touch.(或许这里有一件雕塑作品的复制品，你可以摸一摸。)”讲到了“触觉”，符合语境分析，前后衔接紧密。故选D项。 2．根据前文“Museums allow us to indirectly experience the past by tapping into our primary senses — sight, hearing, touch, taste.(博物馆让我们通过调动视觉、听觉、触觉、味觉等主要感官间接体验过去。)”提出博物馆提供了“视觉、听觉、触觉、味觉”感官体验，缺少“嗅觉（气味）”，由此推知，设空句应提及“嗅觉（气味）”，选项B“However, more often than not, smell is missing.(然而，通常情况下，气味是缺失的。)”提出了“气味缺失”，符合逻辑，且与前文构成转折，同时呼应后文“Representations of the past are often scentless…(对过去的再现往往是没有气味的……)”。故选B项。 3．根据前文“Representations of the past are often scentless (无气味的), but smell probably played a huge role in many historical realities(对过去的再现往往是没有气味的，但气味很可能在许多历史现实中扮演了重要角色)”可知，Barbara Huber提出“历史呈现中缺少气味，但气味很重要”，后文“She and her workmates tracked down some molecular (分子的) remains that can let us smell the past.(她和她的同事们找到了一些分子残留物，这些残留物能够让我们闻到过去的气息。)”说Huber和同事开始研究气味、还原气味。由此推知，设空处在两句之间应是承前启后的衔接句，即，“Huber做气味研究的动机”。选项G“The obvious absence of scent in the study of history inspired her.(在历史研究中那种明显缺失的“气味”给了她（研究）灵感。)”在句意上符合分析，可衔接前后内容，且“inspired(启发)”对应后文她开展的研究。故选G项。 4．后文“One of the reasons is that it is incredibly hard to study.(其中一个原因在于，研究工作极其困难。)”解释“原因之一是研究气味非常难”，由此推知，空处需要提出结果，与后文构成“因果关系”，选项C“Smell has long been ignored in studying the past.(气味在历史研究中长期被忽略)”讲述了结果，符合因果逻辑。故选C项。 5．前文“At the same time, when we reconstruct them like we did with Scent of the Afterlife, we can bring a piece of the past to visitors today.(与此同时，当我们像复原“来世之香”那样复原这些气味时，我们就能为今天的参观者带回一段历史。)”提及“还原气味能把过去带给游客”，由此推知，设空句紧跟其后，应继续讲述其深层意义。选项E“And the exhibit in the museum is not just a displayed object.(而博物馆里的展品并不仅仅是一件陈列出来的物品。)”在句意上可表达出“博物馆展品具有了深层含义”，用“And”与前文构成递进关系，且呼应后文“…you’re experiencing the history in a different way. History isn’t something we only see.(……你正在以一种不同的方式去体验历史。历史并非只是我们能够亲眼目睹的事物。)”。故选E项。 Passage 2 （2026·山东青岛·一模） Someone makes a statement, and you know it is not true. Most of us can think of those times when we have smiled and nodded, likely to avoid “making waves”. Sometimes, knowing when to stay quiet is the smart choice. 6 But what about the vast number of times when not speaking your truth influences your emotional health? Sometimes, silence can quickly backfire and damage your relationships. When you keep silent repeatedly, it may feel like you are avoiding conflict. 7 We all know that the “bottle it up and implode or explode later” plan does not work well for any of us. Every unspoken thought becomes a brick in the wall that grows between you and the other person. 8 If you consistently nod along passively, others will notice when your actions don’t agree with your words. They may wonder whether you are holding back or not being sincere. If you hold back to avoid hurting feelings or spare tension, the result may be the opposite. Your view matters. By staying silent, you lose opportunities to express your feelings. 9 But later, if you unearth how you really feel, they may feel betrayed (背叛)that you did not open up about your true feelings earlier on. Continued silence may lead others to assume that you are not interested or that you are emotionally unavailable. While silence sometimes may feel like caution and be wise, too much of it gets in the way of closeness and trust in relationships. 10 A．You’re actually building it up. B．The growing doubt leads to distance. C．Others may trust you because you are honest. D．Trust comes from honesty more than it does from agreement. E．Speaking up creates connection and conveys a sense of caring in others. F．This is especially true when the other person tends to get annoyed easily. G．Others may think your silence is an agreement with what they are saying. 【答案】6．F 7．A 8．D 9．G 10．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍沉默有时是明智选择，但过多沉默会影响情绪健康和人际关系，并分析其负面影响。 6．根据上文“Sometimes, knowing when to stay quiet is the smart choice.(有时候，知道什么时候保持沉默是明智的选择)”以及下文“But what about the vast number of times when not speaking your truth influences your emotional health?(但是，在很多情况下，不说出真相会影响你的情绪健康，这又该怎么办呢？)”可知，此处应衔接“沉默是明智选择”，同时为下文的转折做铺垫，F选项“This is especially true when the other person tends to get annoyed easily.(当对方容易生气时，这一点尤其正确)”中的this指代上文“沉默是明智选择”，补充了沉默明智的具体场景，与下文转折形成对比，符合语境。故选F项。 7．根据上文“When you keep silent repeatedly, it may feel like you are avoiding conflict.(当你反复保持沉默时，你可能会觉得自己在避免冲突)”以及下文“We all know that the “bottle it up and implode or explode later” plan does not work well for any of us.(我们都知道，“把情绪憋在心里，要么自己崩溃要么后来爆发”的做法对我们任何人都没有好处)”可知，此处应否定“沉默能避免冲突”的想法，指出沉默的实际影响，A选项“You’re actually building it up.(实际上你是在积累冲突)”中的it指代上文的conflict，与下文“憋情绪会崩溃或爆发”相呼应，符合语境。故选A项。 8．根据下文“If you consistently nod along passively, others will notice when your actions don’t agree with your words. They may wonder whether you are holding back or not being sincere.(如果你一直被动地点头同意，当你的行动与你的话不一致时，别人会注意到。他们可能会怀疑你是否在隐瞒什么，或者是否不真诚)”可知，信任不是来自盲目的附和，D选项“Trust comes from honesty more than it does from agreement.(信任源于真诚，而非一味附和)”能总领下文，符合语境。故选D项。 9．根据上文“By staying silent, you lose opportunities to express your feelings.(保持沉默，你就失去了表达自己感受的机会)”以及下文“But later, if you unearth how you really feel, they may feel betrayed (背叛)that you did not open up about your true feelings earlier on.(但后来，如果你说出自己真实的感受，他们可能会因为你没有早点说出真实感受而感到被背叛)”可知，此处应体现沉默时他人的误解，G选项“Others may think your silence is an agreement with what they are saying.(别人可能会认为你的沉默是同意他们所说的话)”既呼应上文“沉默不表达感受”，又为下文“后来说出真实感受被认为背叛”做铺垫，符合语境。故选G项。 10．根据上文“While silence sometimes may feel like caution and be wise, too much of it gets in the way of closeness and trust in relationships.(虽然沉默有时可能显得谨慎且明智，但过多的沉默会阻碍人际关系中的亲密感和信任)”可知，此处应承接上文，给出正确做法，E选项“Speaking up creates connection and conveys a sense of caring in others.(主动表达能建立联系，并向他人传递关心)”与上文“过多沉默阻碍亲密和信任”形成对比，给出解决办法，符合语境。故选E项。 Passage 3 （2026·山东临沂·一模） Social media has become an inescapable part of modern life, raising concerns across generations. 11 When we scroll through screens, our brains become hooked on the notifications, whose unpredictable nature makes them more addictive. This addiction taps into a fundamental human need. We are social beings, hard-wired (固有的) to desire recognition. 12 The constant feedback loop (循环) can turn social approval into a measurable, and often anxious, pursuit. Given the profound impact of social media, the question of regulation arises. With substances like alcohol, governments impose age limits due to their proven harm to developing minds. 13 Research indicates that it has a distinct influence on young people’s developing brains — even contributing to reduced grey matter. 14 Overcoming addiction should become a choice rather than forced inaction. If social media is unavoidable, is it not a wiser option to equip young people to navigate its challenges rather than shelter them entirely? As developmental psychology suggests, adolescents thrive when allowed to learn from mistakes in a supportive setting. Merely restricting access may fuel curiosity and leave them ill-prepared for digital life. Instead, we would engage with their voices as well as instruct them. 15 A．Its addictive design is the core issue. B．But a total ban on minors sparks heated debate. C．The same logic should apply to social media regulation. D．If so, we are more likely to attain the outcome we all desire. E．Many teenagers spend over five hours daily on various social platforms. F．Social media satisfies this by quantifying worth through likes and shares. G．However, the regulation of social media cannot be completely equal to that of alcohol. 【答案】11．A 12．F 13．C 14．B 15．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了社交媒体成瘾成问题，监管引争议，不应简单禁止，而应倾听指导青少年，助其应对挑战，更好适应数字生活。 11．根据前文“Social media has become an inescapable part of modern life, raising concerns across generations.(社交媒体已经成为现代生活中不可避免的一部分，引发了各代人的担忧)”以及后文“When we scroll through screens, our brains become hooked on the notifications, whose unpredictable nature makes them more addictive.(当我们浏览屏幕时，我们的大脑会对通知上瘾，而通知的不可预测性使它们更容易上瘾)”可知，本空应该与社交媒体的上瘾性有关，选项A“其令人上瘾的设计是核心问题”符合语境，承上启下。故选A。 12．根据前文“We are social beings, hard-wired (固有的) to desire recognition.(我们是社会性动物，天生渴望被认可)”以及后文“The constant feedback loop (循环) can turn social approval into a measurable, and often anxious, pursuit.(不断的反馈循环可以将社会认可转化为一种可衡量的、且常常令人焦虑的追求)”可知，本空应该与社交媒体如何满足人类渴望被认可的需求有关，选项F“社交媒体通过点赞和分享来量化价值，满足了这一需求”符合语境，承上启下。故选F。 13．根据前文“With substances like alcohol, governments impose age limits due to their proven harm to developing minds.(对于酒精等物质，政府会设定年龄限制，因为它们已被证明对发育中的大脑有害)”以及后文“Research indicates that it has a distinct influence on young people’s developing brains — even contributing to reduced grey matter.(研究表明，它对年轻人的大脑发育有显著影响，甚至会导致灰质减少)”可知，本空应该与社交媒体对年轻人的大脑发育的影响有关，选项C“同样的逻辑也应适用于社交媒体监管”符合语境，承上启下，引出下文对社交媒体监管的讨论。故选C。 14．根据后文“Overcoming addiction should become a choice rather than forced inaction. If social media is unavoidable, is it not a wiser option to equip young people to navigate its challenges rather than shelter them entirely.(克服成瘾应该成为一种选择，而不是被迫不作为。如果社交媒体是不可避免的，那么让年轻人准备好应对其挑战，而不是完全保护他们，这不是一个更明智的选择吗)”可知，本空应该与对社交媒体监管的看法有关，选项B“但是全面禁止未成年人使用社交媒体引发了激烈的争论”符合语境，引出下文对全面禁止未成年人使用社交媒体的讨论。故选B。 15．根据前文“As developmental psychology suggests, adolescents thrive when allowed to learn from mistakes in a supportive setting. Merely restricting access may fuel curiosity and leave them ill-prepared for digital life. Instead, we would engage with their voices as well as instruct them.(发展心理学表明，当青少年被允许在支持性的环境中从错误中学习时，他们会茁壮成长。仅仅限制访问可能会激发他们的好奇心，并让他们对数字生活准备不足。相反，我们应该倾听他们的声音，并指导他们)”可知，本空应该与倾听青少年的声音并指导他们的结果有关，选项D“如果是这样，我们更有可能达到我们所有人都希望的结果”符合语境，承接上文。故选D。 Passage 4 （2026·山东潍坊·一模） From posters to newspaper articles to presidential speeches, inspirational quotes are everywhere. 16 Perhaps some have been wrongly attributed (归因) over time, but others are just fake. There’s an often-shared internet meme (网络梗) that says: “The problem with quotes found on the internet is that they are often not true — Abraham Lincoln.” Of course, Lincoln didn’t say this! This internet meme perfectly illustrates the problem, but misattributed quotes are not a digital-age invention. 17 For example, in 1919, American author Mark Twain who had died in 1910 was quoted as saying: “A lie will fly around the whole world while the truth is getting its boots on.” It’s a nice quote. But Garson O’Toole who investigates the origins of quotes on Quote Investigator believes Mark Twain never said such a thing. The quote is probably based on something the English-Irish writer Jonathan Swift wrote in 1710: “Falsehood flies, and the Truth comes limping after it.” This changed over time, and somehow got attributed to Twain. People like to attribute quotes to famous people because the name gives authority to the statement. That’s why you might see quotes attributed to people like Albert Einstein, Marilyn Monroe or Winston Churchill. 18 The internet has just made these quotes spread faster and farther. 19 But others are used to mean harm, perhaps to give the impression that a hurtful idea has been supported by a respected person — making it feel more acceptable to agree with. So how can we spot these fake quotes? It’s not always easy, say experts, because some have been attributed wrongly by thousands of websites and publications, including reputable ones. As with fake news, doing a bit of research is a good idea if you want to make sure you’re using an accurate quote. 20 A．Some are shared quite harmlessly. B．Therefore, never coin your own quote. C．But there’s just one problem: many are incorrect. D．And Quote Investigator isn’t a bad place to start. E．It was not Lincoln but Mark Twain who said that. F．The history of untrue quotes is far older than the internet. G．They were even having quotes misattributed to them while alive. 【答案】16．C 17．F 18．G 19．A 20．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章聚焦网络和生活中随处可见的励志名言存在错误引用、张冠李戴甚至完全伪造的现象，介绍了虚假名言古已有之、被安在名人身上的原因、互联网带来的传播影响，并给出了辨别真伪的方法，为人们识别和正确使用名言提供了清晰指引。 16．根据上文“From posters to newspaper articles to presidential speeches, inspirational quotes are everywhere.(从海报、报刊文章到总统演讲，励志名言随处可见)”以及下文“Perhaps some have been wrongly attributed over time, but others are just fake.(也许有些是长期被错误归属，有些则完全是伪造的)”可知，空格处需要转折，指出名言存在问题。C选项“But there’s just one problem: many are incorrect.(但有一个问题：很多都是不正确的)”承上启下，引出后文关于虚假名言的话题，符合语境。故选C项。 17．根据上文“misattributed quotes are not a digital-age invention.(错误归属的名言并非数字时代的产物)”以及下文“For example, in 1919, American author Mark Twain who had died in 1910 was quoted as saying: “A lie will fly around the whole world while the truth is getting its boots on.”(比如，1919 年有人援引已于1910年去世的美国作家马克・吐温的话说：“真理还在穿鞋，谎言已走遍天下。”)”可知，空格处需要说明这种现象历史更久。F选项“The history of untrue quotes is far older than the internet.(虚假名言的历史比互联网久远得多)”承接上文，与后文例子逻辑一致，符合语境。故选F项。 18．根据上文“That’s why you might see quotes attributed to people like Albert Einstein, Marilyn Monroe or Winston Churchill.(这就是为什么你会看到很多名言被归到爱因斯坦、玛丽莲·梦露、丘吉尔等人身上)”可知，空格处需要继续说明这些名人被乱安名言的情况。G选项“They were even having quotes misattributed to them while alive.(他们甚至在世时就有名言被错误安在自己身上)”进一步补充说明，符合语境。故选G项。 19．根据下文“But others are used to mean harm, perhaps to give the impression that a hurtful idea has been supported by a respected person—making it feel more acceptable to agree with.(但另一些（引言/引用）却被用来制造伤害：或许是为了营造一种假象，让某个伤人的观点看起来像是得到了某位受人尊敬者的支持，从而让人觉得更容易接受、愿意认同)”可知，空格处需要与后文形成对比，说明有些虚假名言是无害的。A选项“Some are shared quite harmlessly.(有些被传播时并无恶意)”与后文构成“有些……另一些……”的并列结构，符合语境。故选A项。 20．根据上文“As with fake news, doing a bit of research is a good idea if you want to make sure you’re using an accurate quote.(和假新闻一样，如果你想确保用的名言准确，做点研究是个好主意)”可知，空格处需要给出具体可参考的渠道。D选项“And Quote Investigator isn’t a bad place to start.(而Quote Investigator就是个不错的起点)”承接上文，给出具体建议，符合语境。故选D项。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $