Unit 2 Section Ⅲ Grammar and usage-【新课程学案】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册配套课件PPT（译林版）

Section Ⅲ　Grammar and usage (语法项目——复习定语从句) 目 录 NO.1 语法专题突破 NO.2 新知深化学习 课时检测 语法专题突破 NO.1 语境中体悟 Isaac Asimov was an American scientist and writer who wrote around 500 books①that/which included mystery stories, science and history books, and even books about Shakespeare②.But his best－known work was his science fiction stories.Asimov had both an extraordinary imagination that/which gave him the ability to explore future worlds③ and an amazing mind with which he searched for explanations of everything in the present and the past④. Asimov's life began in Russia, where he was born⑤ on 2nd January, 1920.It ended in New York on 6th April, 1992, when he died⑥ as a result of an HIV infection that/which he had got from a blood transfusion nine years earlier⑦. [语法入门] 句①是关系代词who引导的定语从句，修饰指人的先行词an American scientist and writer； 句②是关系代词that/which 引导的定语从句，修饰指物的先行词books； 句③是关系代词that/which 引导的定语从句，修饰指物的先行词an extraordinary imagination； 句④是“介词＋关系代词which”引导的定语从句，修饰指物的先行词an amazing mind; 句⑤是关系副词where引导的定语从句，where在从句中作地点状语； 句⑥是关系副词when引导的定语从句，when在从句中作时间状语； 句⑦是关系代词that/which 引导的定语从句，修饰指物的先行词an HIV infection。 学案中理清 定语从句是由关系代词和关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语，修饰主句的某个成分。定语从句分为限制性和非限制性从句(与主句之间用逗号隔开)两种。定语从句的基本结构为：先行词＋关系代词或关系副词＋从句。关系词有三大作用：指代先行词；引导定语从句；在从句中充当句子成分。 一、关系代词的用法　 1．关系代词的基本用法 关系代词 先行词 句法功能 who 人 作主语、宾语(限制性定语从句中可省略)、表语 whom 人 作宾语(限制性定语从句中可省略) whose (＝of whom/which) 人或物 作定语 that 人或物 作主语、宾语(限制性定语从句中可省略) which 物 作主语、宾语(限制性定语从句中可省略) as 人或物 作主语、宾语 2.只用that而不用which的情况 (1)先行词是不定代词all、 much、 little、 something、 everything、 anything、 nothing、 none等或者先行词被不定代词所修饰时。 Do you have anything that you want to say for yourself？你有什么要为自己说的吗？ (2)先行词被序数词、形容词最高级或the only、 the very (恰恰，正好)、 the last、 all、 no、 few、 little、 any等修饰时。 This is one of the most exciting football games that I have ever seen. 这是我看过的最激动人心的足球比赛之一。 This is the only thing that we can do now. 这是我们现在唯一能做的事情。 (3)先行词既有人又有物时。 The scientist and his achievements that you told me about are admired by us all. 你告诉我的那位科学家和他所取得的成就为我们所有人所钦佩。 (4)当先行词在主句中作表语，而关系代词在从句中也作表语时。 Shanghai is no longer the city that it used to be. 上海不再是过去的那座城市了。 (5)当主句的主语是疑问词who或which时。 Who is the person that is standing at the gate? 站在门口的那个人是谁？ 3．which与as引导非限制性定语从句时的3点区别   which as 位置上 只能放在主句 的后面 位置灵活，可位于句首、句中，也可置于句末 搭配上 无动词的限制 谓语动词通常是表示感觉或心理活动的动词，如see、 hear、 know、 expect、 remember等 意思上 意为“这一点” 表示“正如……，正像……的那样” [对点练]　 (1)单句语法填空 ①(2025·全国Ⅰ卷)An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese, ______ originated in China more than 4,000 years ago. ②(2025·浙江1月高考)Tanya is also looking beyond special－occasion dresses to less formal clothing, ________ she plans to package as capsule wardrobes and offer to travellers, such as those headed to weddings abroad, with a longer－term rental period. which which ③(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route ___________ brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness of gardening in England. ④(2023·全国甲卷)Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, ___ Rachel Carson says　in “A Fable for Tomorrow”． which/that as ⑤(2023·全国乙卷)But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place __________ welcomes the fast－paced development of modern life, with 21st－century architectural wonders standing side by side with historical buildings of the past. ⑥On the 1,100－kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, ______ lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three provinces. which/that who ⑦BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool __________ gives an indication of whether someone is a healthy weight. ⑧Rome can be pricey for travelers, _______ is why many choose to stay in a hostel (旅社)． that/which which (2)完成句子 ⑨First, ________________________________________ — the Forest Park is not far away from the center of the city. 首先，我们决定去参观的地方——森林公园离市中心并不远。 ⑩From this experience I have learnt that questioning can serve as a bridge _________________________________. 从这次的经历中我学到，质疑可以成为帮助我们寻求真理的桥梁。 the place (which/that) we've decided to visit that/which helps us to seek the truth ⑪This is the very book ____________________. 这正是我在找的那本书。 ⑫Those ______________________ could hardly believe what had happened. 那些在洪水中幸存下来的人很难相信所发生的事情。 that I am looking for who survived the floods 二、关系副词的用法　 关系副词 先行词 句法功能 转换为“介词 ＋关系代词” when 表示时间的名词： time、 day、 year等 作时间状语 ＝at/in/on/ during which where 表示场所的名词： park、 place、 　　 country、 house等 作地点状语 ＝in/at/to/ on which why 表示理由或原因 的名词：reason 作原因状语 ＝for which We live in an age when more information is available with great ease than ever before. 我们生活在一个比以前更容易获得更多信息的时代。 Ancient China was a place where states were often at war with each other. 古代中国是各诸侯国之间经常发生战争的地方。 |名|师|点|津| 当先行词为situation、 case、 stage、 point等表示抽象意义的词，且关系词在定语从句中作状语时，关系副词用where。 He has reached the point where a change is needed. 他已经到需要改变的地步了。 [对点练]　(单句语法填空) ①(2025·全国Ⅱ卷)I was born and raised in Cleveland, Ohio in the United States.Yet now, I live in the countryside of Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his family, _________ bamboo and tea bushes (灌木) grow wild in the mountains, chickens are always free－range, and central heating doesn't exist. where ②(2023·全国甲卷)“There was once a town in the heart of America, _______ all life seemed to enjoy peaceful co－existence with its surroundings，” her fable begins, borrowing some familiar words from many age－old fables. ③Southbank, at an eastern bend in the Thames, is the center of British skateboarding, _______ the continuous crashing of skateboards left your head ringing. where where ④My life as a tax－paying employed person began in middle school, _______, for three whole days, I worked in a baking factory. ⑤Some university students carried out a campaign _______ they spent their whole day without cell phones. ⑥Mr Smith owned this oil painting until the early 1990s, _______ he gave it to his grandson. when where when 三、“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句　 构成 句法功能 用法指津 名词(代词)＋ 介词＋关系代词 作主语 可转化为“whose＋名词”结构 数词(形容词最高级) ＋of＋关系代词 作主语 数词还可以被some、 many、 most、 each等不定代词替换 介词(短语)＋ 关系代词 作状语 关系代词只能用which或whom且不能省略，但可与关系副词互换 续表　 介词＋关系代词＋ 名词 作状语 关系代词常用which和whose 介词＋where/when 作状语 有时为了表达清楚，还可以在where/when前加介词from或to Recently, I bought an ancient vase, the price of which was very reasonable. 最近，我买了一个古代花瓶，它的价格很合理。 He has ten cousins, the youngest of whom is very clever.他有十个表兄弟，最小的那个很聪明。 We are looking for the person to whom the book belongs. 我们正在寻找这本书的主人。 Lily might possibly come, in which case I'll ask her. 莉莉可能会来，要是那样的话我就去问她。 There is a big window in my room, from where I can see the railway station. 我的房间有一个大窗户，透过它我可以看到火车站。 [对点练]　(单句语法填空/完成句子) ①Professor Smith, for _______ work matters most, is devoted to his research work. ②Many lessons are now available online, _______ which students can choose for free. ③She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction ___which had taken more than three years. whom from of ④Reading has a lot of advantages, __________________________ ___________________.读书有很多益处，其中之一是它有助于你培养阅读技巧。 ⑤The teachers of our school, ______________________________, have devoted themselves to us. 我们学校里的老师，大多数都是三十多岁，把他们的一切都奉献给了我们。 one of which is that it helps you most of whom are in their thirties develop reading skills Ⅰ.用适当的关系词填空 1．This is the longest train ______ I have ever seen. 2．In the past few years, he has collected a lot of ancient coins, most of ______ date back to the Ming and Qing Dynasties. 3．Data shows that kids and teens ______ do read frequently, compared to infrequent readers, have more books in the home. that which 应用中融通 who 4．In 1963, the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of ________ purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation. 5．Such people ___ were mentioned in his book do not really exist. 6．John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of ________ are family members. whose as whom 7．The reason ______ I won't be available at that time is that my grandfather fell ill suddenly yesterday and I have to stay with him that day. 8．Tom's best memory is of last year, ______ the club gave a dancing party for his birthday. why when Ⅱ.用恰当的关系词完成下面短文 There was a time ①________ I was tired of learning English and disliked speaking English.And this was the reason ② ________ my father forced me to join in a 30－day training in an English club before I went to senior high school.When I first came to the club, ③ ________ I met many strangers, I missed my parents very much.So I packed up my things and wanted to go home. Fortunately, my guide, ④ ________ teacher was a famous professor, communicated with me face to face, from ⑤ ________ I gained some useful instructions. when why where whose which He also introduced me to a good partner, and we got along well with each other.Gradually I adapted to the life there.Every day I would like to talk to other teenagers and set down a series of activities ⑥_______________we did.I should be grateful to my father and the guide, ⑦_____ encouraged me to fall in love with English.Now I feel it interesting to learn English, into ⑧______ I put my entire energy.Every day I read my words and passages aloud.In class I join in English discussions.Before I go to sleep, I recall the passages, through ⑨______ I can memorize a large number of new words. that/which/不填 who which which ⑩_____ our English teacher says, “As long as you have the habit of learning English every day and have perseverance, you will conquer English sooner or later.” As 新知深化学习 NO.2 1．Now, when speaking to Americans, who have a preference for the direct style, I found that I often failed to get straight to the point. 现在，当我与偏爱直接风格的美国人交谈时，我发现我经常无法直奔主题。 ★preference n．偏爱；偏爱的事物 |用|法|感|知| ·As far as I'm concerned, I have a preference for the interesting stories behind it. 就我而言，我更喜欢它背后有趣的故事。 ·(“亲子关系”主题佳句)The teenagers think their parents don't understand them so they prefer to talk to their friends rather than tell their parents their problems. 青少年认为他们的父母不理解自己，所以他们更喜欢和朋友交谈而不是告诉父母自己的问题。 [归纳点拨] (1)have a preference for　　　 偏爱；喜爱 in preference to 优先于 (2)prefer vt.　　　　　　　　 更喜欢 prefer (doing) sth. 更喜欢(做)某事 prefer (sb.) to do sth. 宁愿(某人)做某事 prefer (doing) sth.to (doing) sth. 喜欢(做)……胜过喜欢(做)…… |应|用|融|会| (1)单句语法填空 ①___________ (prefer) will be given to graduates of this university. ②I usually choose Chinese food in preference ____ Western food. ③Having been exposed to abstract art too often, he gradually developed a preference ____ it. Preference to for (2)一句多译 简是一个文静的女孩，她宁愿待在图书馆也不愿去看电影。 ④Jane is a quiet girl, ______________________________________ _______________.(prefer to ...rather than ...) ⑤ Jane is a quiet girl, _____________________________________ ________________.(would rather ...than ...) ⑥Jane is a quiet girl, ______________________________________ _____________.(prefer ...to ...) who prefers to stay in the library rather than go to see a movie who would rather stay in the library than go to see a movie who prefers staying in the library to going to see a movie 2．Those who break taboos are likely to feel upset or embarrassed even if they have no intention of hurting others ... 那些触犯了别人的忌讳的人可能会感到沮丧或尴尬，即使他们无意伤害别人…… ★embarrassed adj. 窘迫的，尴尬的；拮据的 |用|法|感|知| ·(“心理描写”佳句)When it was his turn to deliver his speech, he walked towards the microphone, nervous and embarrassed.当轮到他发表演讲时，他走到了麦克风前，既紧张又窘迫。 ·(“心理描写”佳句)He felt as if the whole world was watching him, and he could not hide his embarrassment.他觉得整个世界都在看着他，他无法掩饰他的窘迫。 [归纳点拨] (1)be embarrassed at/about　 对……感到为难/尴尬 embarrassing adj. 令人困窘的 (2)embarrass vt. 使窘迫，使尴尬；使为难 It embarrasses/embarrassed sb.to do sth. 做某事使某人窘迫 (3)embarrassment n. 困窘，难堪 to one's embarrassment 令某人感到困窘的是 |应|用|融|会| (1)单句语法填空 ①One day, this approach threw me into _______________ (embarrass)． ②The more _____________ (embarrass) or shameful the secret is, the juicier the gossip it makes. ③He was embarrassed _________ being the centre of attention. ④He told a rather rude joke, and everyone present looked ____________ (embarrass)． embarrassment embarrassing at/about embarrassed (2)完成句子 ⑤_________________________the young man again, for I had misunderstood him. 再次见到这个年轻人让我感到尴尬，因为我曾误会过他。 ⑥_________________________, she realized that everyone was staring at her.令她感到非常困窘的是，她意识到大家都在盯着她看。 It embarrassed me to meet Much to her embarrassment ★intention n．意图，计划 |用|法|感|知| ·(2023·浙江1月高考写作)Last weekend, I took part in an event with an intention of learning more about daily biology. 上周末，我参加了一个活动，目的是学习更多关于日常生物学的知识。 ·(“活动介绍”佳句)The campaign is intended to educate the public to protect the environment. 这项活动旨在教育公众保护环境。 ·(“邀请”类佳句)A wide variety of activities which are intended for international students are going to be held in our school. 面向国际学生，我们学校将举办各种丰富多彩的活动。 [归纳点拨] (1)have no intention of doing sth. 没有做某事的打算；无意做某事 with the intention of　　 怀着……的意图 with good intention 好意地；好心 without intention 无意地；非故意地 by intention 故意 (2)intend vi.& vt. 打算；计划；想要 intend to do/doing sth. 打算做某事 had intended to do sth.＝intended to have done sth. 本来打算做某事 intend sb.to do sth. 打算让某人做某事 intend sth.for ... 为……准备某物 |应|用|融|会| (单句语法填空/句型转换) ①Using emojis can add humor and feeling, keeping ___________ (intend) clear. ②The activity is intended ___________ (expose) students to a wide range of English reading materials. intention to expose ③They had intended to go into the country for the day, but were put off by the traffic jams. →They _____________________ into the country for the day, but were put off by the traffic jams. intended to have gone 3．This is because the word that corresponds to “umbrella” in Chinese sounds like another Chinese word which means “to separate”． 这是因为在中文中，与“umbrella (伞)”对应的词的发音和另一个表示“分离”的词(散)的发音很像。 ★correspond vi.类似于；相一致，符合；通信 |用|法|感|知| ·We have too many high－sounding words, and too few actions that correspond to/with them. 我们夸夸其谈的话太多，与之对应的行动却太少。 ·(写作增分句)What we say should be in correspondence with what we do. 我们应该言行一致。 [归纳点拨] (1)correspond with/to ... 与……一致/相符/相类似 correspond with sb. 与某人通信 (2)correspondence n. 通信；一致，符合 in correspondence with ... 与……通信；和……一致 hold/keep up correspondence with (sb.) 与(某人)保持通信联系 |应|用|融|会| (单句语法填空/完成句子) ①The reality does not always correspond _______ one's expectations. ②I want to figure out why his answer to the question is not in ______________ (correspond) with mine. ③ ________________________________________, but I have never met him in the flesh.(correspond) 我已和他通信联系好几年了，但一直未与他本人见过面。 to/with correspondence I have corresponded with him for some years 4．Some behaviour that was not tolerated before might be accepted now. 一些以前不被容忍的行为现在也可能被接受。 ★tolerate vt.容许，允许；忍受，容忍；能经受 |用|法|感|知| ·A true friend is one who overlooks your failures and tolerates your shortcomings. 真正的朋友是宽容你的失败并容忍你的缺点的人。 ·Instead of blaming the child who had broken the vase, she gave him a tolerant smile and let him go. 她没有责怪那个打碎了花瓶的孩子，而是给了他一个宽容的微笑，并让他走了。 归纳点拨 (1)tolerate (doing) sth.　容忍/容许(做)某事 (2)tolerant adj. 容忍的；宽容的 be tolerant of ...对……宽容；容忍…… (3)tolerance n. 容忍 show tolerance towards sb. 　　容忍某人 联想发散 表示“容忍，忍受”的单词或短语还有：bear、 stand、 put up with等。 |应|用|融|会| (单句语法填空/完成句子) ①I couldn't tolerate _________________ (interrupt) when I was editing my book. ②We must learn to be tolerant ____ different cultures especially when we live in a multi－cultural society. being interrupted of ③As a teacher, you need to show tolerance _________ your students' carelessness in study. ④I can't __________________________________________ in public. 我不能容忍在公共场合被嘲笑。 towards tolerate/stand/bear/put up with being laughed at 课时检测 (标 语篇配有教师讲评课件) Ⅰ.阅读理解 What people say is only one aspect of good communication.Good listening skills and body language are also important for us to effectively communicate with others.Effective communication involves more than talking to a person.How things are said, words are chosen and tones are adopted are all aspects of good communication. Body language, a common form of non－verbal communication, can support what a speaker is saying.Studies have shown that of the information that is received from other people, only 10% is from what they say and 40% is from the tone and speed of their voice.The other 50% is obtained from their body language.Reading body language is part of developing social skills. Some professionals, such as lawyers, governmental security officers and doctors on mental problems, learn to read every type of body language of others to help in their jobs.They look for specific signs, while the average person reads some body language subconsciously (下意识地)．Body language can involve one aspect such as the eyes, or the use of different body parts.Where the body is positioned in relation to another person or at a table is another piece in communicating what the person is feeling.Troubles may arise when body language is misunderstood. Good listening skills clear the way to a clear message while bad listening skills create barriers which can confuse or stop the message.Good listeners can use body language by nodding occasionally to show interest and understanding, make eye contact with the speaker, repeat some of the words and feelings, and summarize what they have heard.All these can avoid communication troubles. Poor listeners rarely communicate effectively.Barriers they commonly use may include: interruptions, inappropriate humor, judgments, criticisms, and unrelated questions.People who are attempting to communicate with a person who continually throws out barriers will often stop talking and they even get angry as they feel misunderstood and frustrated.Healthy－minded people are able to communicate with others effectively by avoiding these barriers.They are able to let their partners know what they want regularly and clearly. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了有效的沟通不仅仅是与人交谈，良好的倾听技巧和肢体语言也很重要。 1．What can we learn from the first paragraph? A．Speakers usually pay little attention to what they said and what words and tones they use. B．Good communication means talking to a person effectively with right tones and speed. C．Body language and listening skills are highly involved in successful communication. D．The manner of communication is determined by the listener rather than the speaker. √ 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Good listening skills and body language are also important for us to effectively communicate with others.”可知，肢体语言和倾听技巧是成功沟通的关键。 2．According to the studies, body language________. A．makes up 40% of the information received from communication B．sometimes leads people to misunderstand what others have said C．can remind the listeners of what the speakers are actually expressing D．can only be correctly read by people with excellent social skills √ 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The other 50% is obtained from their body language.”可知，肢体语言可以提醒听者说话人实际想表达的意思。 3．Which of the following reactions of a listener may create difficulties in communication? A．Making a summary of what he has heard. B．Repeating the speaker's words and ideas. C．Showing his feelings to the speaker. D．Bringing in an unrelated topic suddenly. √ 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句可知，不善倾听的人很少能有效地沟通，他们常用的障碍包括：打断、不恰当的幽默、判断、批评和不相干的问题。故D项“突然引入一个无关的话题”可能会造成沟通困难。 4．What's the author's purpose of writing this text? A．To emphasize that communication involves more than talking. B．To introduce different types of non－verbal communication. C．To suggest ways to effectively communicate with others. D．To discuss the different effects of good and poor listening skills. √ 解析：写作意图题。通读全文并结合第一段中的“What people say is only one aspect of good communication.”及“Effective communication involves more than talking to a person.”可知，本文的写作目的是强调交流不仅仅包括言语交流。 Ⅱ.完形填空 I am often asked how I learned to speak Chinese fluently. __5__，as a native English speaker, learning to speak in tones was the__6__part about learning Chinese for me.To__7__the tones, I lived in Shanghai for 6 months.Once I wanted to buy a__8__for my mother.Unluckily, the words for “horse” and “mother” are only differentiated by a__9__tone.When I told the store clerk I wanted to buy a gift for my “horse”，she looked at me like I had lost my__10__.In the end, she__11__what I was trying to say, but it was a bit of a struggle.After that, I learned the__12__between the two tones. After returning to England, I bought a web camera and found myself a language__13__by going to ichinese.com, where I met a native speaker willing to help me learn Chinese.Together, we__14__speaking Chinese for a few hours per week. __15__， I not only mastered my tones but learned to speak more__16__， just like a native speaker. In my__17__， when studying Chinese in an English－speaking environment, my classmates and I often made a__18__of the tones when speaking to one another.In fact, in a Chinese－speaking environment, the __19__interaction is of great importance for fluency, and it separates the amateurs (业余爱好者) from the experts. 语篇解读：：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者学习中文的经历。作者认为学习中文最难的部分是区分声调，为此还发生了一个小误会。 解析：根据上文“I am often asked how I learned to speak Chinese fluently.”以及下文“about learning Chinese for me”可知，作者虽然如今汉语说得很流利了，但是实际上也遇到过困难。 5．A.Hopefully　　　　　　　 B．Actually C．Surprisingly D．Similarly √ 解析：根据下文“part about learning Chinese for me”以及作者去商店买礼物，因为声调不同导致了误解可知，作者认为学习汉语最难的部分是学会说话的声调。 6．A.main B．best C．basic D．hardest √ 解析：根据下文“the tones, I lived in Shanghai for 6 months”可知，作者去上海是为了学习声调。 7．A.learn B．match C．lower D．record √ 解析：根据下文“I wanted to buy a gift for my ‘horse’”可知，作者想要给母亲买礼物。 8．A.horse B．camera C．gift D．dictionary √ 解析：根据上文“‘horse’ and ‘mother’”以及常识可知，这两个词只有一个声调的区别。 9．A.soft B．formal C．single D．pleasant √ 解析：根据上文“I wanted to buy a gift for my ‘horse’”可知，店员听到作者要给“马”买礼物，以为作者疯了。lose one's mind表示“失去理智”。 10．A.mind B．balance C．interest D．confidence √ 解析：根据下文“what I was trying to say, but it was a bit of a struggle”可知，店员最后理解了作者的话。 11．A.agreed with B．worked out C．focused on D．brought up √ 解析：根据上文“‘horse’ and ‘mother’ are only differentiated by a”可知，经过这件事，作者知道了这两种声调的区别。 12．A.clue B．difference C．issue D．importance √ 解析：根据下文“where I met a native speaker willing to help me learn Chinese”可知，作者在网上找到了一个语言伙伴。 13．A.test B．learner C．magazine D．partner √ 解析：根据上文“where I met a native speaker willing to help me learn Chinese”可知，找语言伙伴的目的就是练习中文，此处指他们每周一起练习说几个小时的中文。 14．A.suggested B．considered C．practiced D．avoided √ 解析：上文提到他们每周一起练习说几个小时的中文，结果就是作者的中文说得流利了。 15．A.As a rule B．At times C．As a result D．At first √ 解析：根据下文“just like a native speaker”可知，作者的中文说得流利了，像一个母语人士一样。 16.A.fluently B．openly C．meaningfully D．slowly √ 17．A.heart B．dream C．power D．experience √ 解析：根据下文“when studying Chinese in an English－speaking environment, my classmates and I often made a_______of the tones when speaking to one another”可知，这是作者学习中文以后得出的经验之谈。 18．A.list B．mess C．habit D．collection √ 解析：根据上文“in an English－speaking environment”可知，在一个说英语的环境中学习中文，因为大家的母语都是英语，所以作者和同学在彼此说话时经常弄混声调。 19．A.back－to－back B．eye－to－eye C．knee－to－knee D．face－to－face √ 解析：根据上文“in a Chinese－speaking environment”可知，在说中文的环境中，身边都是说中文的人，因此是面对面的交流，对比上文提到的在说英语的环境中学习中文，身边都是说英语的人。 Ⅲ.语法填空(15分)(★) “The Chinese language__20__ (become) popular among Lebanese students in the past five years，” says Antoine Hokayem, a professor and local director of the Confucius Institute at the University of Saint Joseph (USJ)． “In the past, Lebanese students used to register for the Chinese language as an__21__ (elect) course.Today, we receive students from the USJ and other universities who aim to learn the language to either work in China __22__continue their education in the East Asian countries，” Hokayem said on the occasion of the 15th anniversary of the establishment of the institute. Engineering and telecommunication students are among the people who are most interested in the language as they aim__23__ (continue) their higher education in China.Other students attend the institute's courses with the intention of providing__24__ (assist) for their parents who are engaged __25__trade activities with Chinese partners. “We have small children who learn the language and speak__26__ (fluent) with their Chinese teachers.More than half of our students now come from outside our university.” __27__ (found) in 2006 through a partnership between China's Shenyang Normal University and the USJ, the Confucius Institute at the USJ was selected as one of the__28__ (good) Confucius Institutes in the world for its cultural and social activities.In recent years, the institute has held lectures__29__cover topics including China's economy and cultural values as well as Peking Opera and the Belt and Road Initiative. 语篇解读：：本文是一篇新闻报道。在过去的几年里，黎巴嫩的学生掀起了一股学习中文的热潮。 20．has become　考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处作谓语。根据时间状语“in the past five years”可知，时态用现在完成时；又因主语The Chinese language 为第三人称单数，且与become之间是主动关系，故填has become。 21．elective　考查形容词。空前是不定冠词an，空后是名词，空处应用形容词修饰名词，故填elective“选修的，可选择的”。 22．or　考查连词。此处为either ...or ...结构，意为“或者……或者……”。 23．to continue　考查非谓语动词。aim to do意为“力求达到”，为固定用法，故填to continue。 24．assistance　考查名词。分析句子结构可知，空处应用名词作providing的宾语，故填assistance。 25．in　考查介词。be engaged in意为“从事”，为固定短语，故填in。 26．fluently　考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处应用副词修饰动词speak，故填 fluently。 27．Founded　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处作非谓语，且found与其逻辑主语the Confucius Institute之间是动宾关系，应用过去分词作状语；空处位于句首，首字母应大写，故填Founded。 28．best　考查形容词最高级。根据句意和空前定冠词“the”可知，此处应用形容词最高级修饰名词，故填 best。 29．that/which　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是lectures，且从句中缺少主语，故填that/which。 本课结束 更多精彩内容请登录：www.zghkt.cn $