Unit 3 Section Ⅱ “Reading”的新知学习环节-【新课程学案】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第三册配套课件PPT（译林版）

该高中英语课件围绕航海主题，系统整合词汇（阅读、活用、构词）、句式（with复合结构）及语篇（郑和与哥伦布事迹）知识，通过课前词汇默写衔接阅读单词，再经核心词汇突破、活用单词及拓展构词构建词汇学习支架，结合重点句式解构的句法训练与仿写，帮助学生形成系统语言知识体系。 其亮点在于融合语言能力、思维品质与学习能力培养，通过“词汇—句式—语篇”三级训练提升语言理解与表达能力，对比航海事迹培养分析比较思维，多样化训练（语法填空、微写作）助力学习能力发展。例如主题微写作引导介绍历史人物，增强文化意识与家国情怀，学生能提升综合语言运用能力，教师可高效实施分层教学。

Section Ⅱ“Reading” 的新知学习环节 目 录 NO.1 课前词汇默写 NO.2 核心词汇突破 NO.3 重点句式解构 课时检测 NO.4 随堂融通训练 课前词汇默写 NO.1 一、阅读单词——知其义 1．A fleet of over 200 ships　 有200余艘船的_____ 2．take compass readings 记录______刻度 3．keep logs of their voyages 记录他们航程的_________ 4．a direct sea route 一条直接的_____ 5．a house on the shores of the lake 湖_______的房子 6．in a subsequent report 　　　 在________报道中 7．the captain of the aircraft carrier 航空母舰的_______ 舰队 随后的 舰长 罗盘 航海日志 航线 岸边 3．________ the records of these voyage 不考虑这些航海活动的记载 4．___________ the need for reform 承认改革的必要性 voyage acknowledge voyage load load dismiss 5．______ on the highest standards 　 坚持最高标准 6．________ from Spain 从西班牙出发 8．get into a ______ 陷入惊慌状态 9．_________ of all the challenges 不顾所有的挑战 insist depart leak leak panic regardless 三、活用单词——悉其变 navigate navigation strength strengthen harmonious harmony proof prove influential influence financial finance shortage short astonish astonishing astonished 四、拓展构词——明其规(依据规律串记单词) strengthen：“－en”动词后缀　 ①threat→threaten　　　　 　 威胁 ②fright→frighten 吓唬 ③height→heighten 提高 ④length→lengthen 加长 五、高级词块——通其用 1．________　　　　　　 启航 2．_________ 机群；一队…… 3．_________ 在船(火车、飞机)上 4．_________ 长度 5．____________ 代表(或代替)；为帮助；为了 6．______________ 装载着；满载 7．_________ 至于，直到，远到；就……而言 set sail a fleet of on board in length on behalf of be loaded with as far as 8．____________________________ 对……有深远的影响 9．________ 踏上；踏足 10．_______ 传递；继续；去世 11．_____________ 使……暴露于……； 使……接触…… 12．__________________ 作为……而被铭记 13．_____________________　　 做出重大发现 have a far－reaching impact on set foot pass on expose ...to ... be remembered as make great discoveries 14．_________________　　 坚持做某事 15．__________ 寻找 16．_______________ ……的短缺 17．_______________ 使……处于危险中 18．_________ 惊慌地；惊恐地 19．_____________ 不管，不顾 insist on doing sth. search for a shortage of ... put ...in danger in panic regardless of 20．_____________ 在远处 21．____________ 有助于；捐献；带来； 促成；投稿 22．_________ 使成为可能； 考虑到，把……计算在内 in the distance contribute to allow for 核心词汇突破 NO.2 1．Between 1405 and 1433, on behalf of the Ming Dynasty, Zheng He made a total of seven voyages. 1405至1433年间，郑和代表明朝总共进行了七次航行。 ★on behalf of sb./on one's behalf代表(或代替)某人；为帮助某人；为了某人 |用|法|感|知| ·Please allow me to send the best regards and genuine greetings on behalf of our school. 请允许我代表我们学校送上最美好的祝愿和真诚的问候。 ·I recommend to you Chinese knots, which stand for good luck and best wishes. 我向你推荐中国结，它们代表好运和最真挚的祝福。 [归纳点拨] in behalf of sb.＝in one's behalf　　 为帮助某人 stand for/represent 代表 |应|用|融|会| (完成句子) ①We collected money ______________ the homeless. 我们为帮助无家可归者而募捐。 ②____________________________, I'd like to extend my sincere gratitude for your help. 我代表全家对你们的帮助表示真诚的感谢。 On behalf of my whole family in/on behalf of ③In this passage, stars in the night sky _____________________ ______ that gives them the confidence to move on and rebuild their homes and lives. 在这篇文章中，夜空中的星星代表着希望，让他们有信心继续前行，重建家园和生活的希望。 stand for/represent the hope 2．His ships were loaded with china, silk, tea and other treasures as gifts for foreign rulers ... 他的船满载瓷器、丝绸、茶叶和其他奇珍异宝作为馈赠异邦君王的礼品…… ★load vt.& vi.装上，装入n.负载；承载量；大量 |用|法|感|知| ·Before leaving for travel, they loaded all the luggage into the car. 出发旅游之前，他们把所有的行李都装上了车。 ·(“心理描写”佳句)Knowing that they had arrived safely took a load off my mind. 得知他们平安到达后，我如释重负。 [归纳点拨] (1)load up　　　　　　　　 装好东西，装载货物 load ...with ... 用……装载…… be loaded with ... 装载着；充满着 load ...into/onto ... 把……装到……上去 load off one's mind 去除某人的精神负担 (2)a load of＝loads of 大量，许多 take a load off one's mind 打消某人的顾虑 |应|用|融|会| (1)完成句子 ①Hardly had we arrived at the farm when we saw _____________ __________ hanging from the branches. 我们一到农场，就看见橘子树上果实累累。 ②When we feel stressful, she always tries to help to ____________ ___________. 当我们感到有压力时，她总是设法帮着减轻我们的负担。 a load of/loads of oranges take a load off our minds ③Please give children more love instead of higher expectations； otherwise they will ___________________________. 请给孩子们更多的爱，而不是过高的期望；否则他们将承受巨大的压力。 (2)替换加蓝词汇 ④Be prepared for lots of rejections before you get a job. ________ be loaded with great pressure loads of 3．Zheng He's accomplishments are now widely acknowledged, and he is remembered as one of China's most influential explorers. 郑和的成就在今天获得广泛认可，他也作为中国最具影响力的探险家之一被世人铭记。 ★acknowledge vt.承认(权威、地位)；承认(属实)；(公开)感谢 |用|法|感|知| ·(“活动介绍”佳句)It is widely acknowledged that the cross－country race is an opportunity to strengthen our will. 大家公认这次越野赛跑是一个增强我们意志的机会。 ·(“感谢”类佳句)I acknowledge my English teacher, without whom I couldn't have made such great progress in English. 我感谢我的英语老师，没有他，我不可能在英语上取得这么大的进步。 [归纳点拨] acknowledge (doing) sth.　 承认(做)某事 acknowledge that ... 承认…… acknowledge sb./sth.to be/as ... 承认某人/某物是…… It is universally/widely acknowledged that ... ……是大家所公认的 |应|用|融|会| (单句语法填空/句式升级) ①Tom acknowledged _____________ (defeat) in the competition, which made us quite depressed. ②He is widely acknowledged as/to be one of the best medical scientists in China. →____________________________ he is one of the best medical scientists in China.(it作形式主语) being defeated It is widely acknowledged that 4．Columbus insisted on searching for a direct sea route to the East Indies by sailing across the Atlantic Ocean. 哥伦布决心横渡大西洋，开辟一条直通东印度群岛的航线。 ★insist vi.& vt.坚决要求，坚持；坚持说 |用|法|感|知| ·You should respect the views of others, and at the same time insist on what you think is right. 你应该尊重别人的观点，同时坚持你认为正确的事。 ·(“求助”类佳句)It upsets me a lot that my parents insisted that I should make full use of every minute to prepare for the college entrance examination. 让我无比烦恼的是，我父母坚决要求我充分利用每一分钟来为高考做准备。 归纳点拨 insist on/upon (doing) sth.　坚持(做)某事 insist that 名师点津 insist on后跟从句时，应先加it再接that从句。 |应|用|融|会| (单句语法填空/完成句子) ①He insisted on ___ that we should accept these gifts. ②He insisted that he was innocent and ___________________ _______. 他坚持说他是无辜的，他没有在考试中作弊。 it he didn't cheat in the exam ③The little boy _________________________ in spite of his mother's anger. 这个小男孩无视妈妈的怒火坚持要买那个玩具。 ④The expert ___________________________________________ for children. 这位专家坚决要求父母应该为孩子们留有足够的空间。 insisted on buying that toy insisted that parents (should) leave enough space 5．The men on board were in panic. 船上的人都陷入了恐慌。 ★panic n．惊恐，恐慌 vi.& vt.(使)惊慌，(使)惊慌失措 |用|法|感|知| ·(“动作描写”佳句)Mac rushed into the car, slammed the door and trembled all over in panic. 麦克冲进车里，砰的一声关上车门，浑身发抖，惊慌失措。 ·(“动作描写”佳句)A sudden earthquake panicked many people into running around. 突如其来的地震使得许多人惊慌失措地四处乱跑。 归纳点拨 (1)panic sb. into doing sth. 使某人(因惊慌)仓促行动 panic over/about/at ... 因……而恐慌 (2)in (a) panic 惊恐地；惊慌地 get into a panic 陷入惊(恐)慌 throw sb.into a panic 使某人陷入恐慌 名师点津 panic的过去式和过去分词都是panicked，现在分词是panicking。 |应|用|融|会| (单句语法填空/完成句子) ①Don't panic ____________ your exams — I know you — I'm sure you'll do just fine. ②They ran away ___ such a panic that they dropped their bags and shoes. ③The girl ______________ when she thought she'd forgotten her admission card for exam. 当女孩想到自己忘了带准考证时，她陷入了恐慌。 over/about/at in got into a panic 6．The records show that the visitors were astonished by how rich and technologically advanced the Ming Dynasty was. 记录表明，来访者对明朝如此富有和技术上如此先进感到很震惊。 ★astonish vt.使十分惊讶，使吃惊 |用|法|感|知| ·(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)What astonished me was that I took the first place in the writing contest, and that I was the only winner whose native language wasn't English. ＝To my astonishment, I took the first place in the writing contest, and I was the only winner whose native language wasn't English. 令我惊讶的是，我在写作比赛中获得了第一名，而且我是唯一一个母语不是英语的获胜者。 ·(“动作描写”佳句)She looked at the box for a long time, and then her eyes opened wide in astonishment. 她看了盒子很长时间，然后惊讶地睁大了眼睛。 [归纳点拨] (1)It astonishes sb.that ...　 令某人惊讶的是…… (2)astonishing adj. 令人感到惊讶的 astonished adj. 感到惊讶的 be astonished at/by sth. 因/对某事感到惊讶 be astonished to do sth. 对做某事感到惊讶 (3)astonishment n. 惊诧；震惊 to one's astonishment 令某人惊讶的是 in astonishment 吃惊地 |应|用|融|会| (单句语法填空/完成句子) ①I find it quite ____________ (astonish) that none of you like the play. ②I was just astonished ______ the question in my own mind. ③He was astonished ______ (see) how his hometown had changed in the past 10 years. astonishing at/by to see ④We ___________________________________ Mark has made in this semester. 马克这学期进步这么快，我们都很惊讶。 ⑤___________________, they published the poem and sent me two dollars. 出乎意料的是，他们刊登了这首诗并给我寄来了两美元。 are astonished at/by the rapid progress To my astonishment 语言建构与运用|话题词汇 (教材P33－B2内容的归纳拓展) 本文的两个语篇描述了郑和与哥伦布的航海事迹，文中用到了许多与航海有关的话题词汇，如explorer、ship、sail、 sea、on board、coast、overseas等。熟练掌握话题词汇不但能提高阅读速度，有助于快速把握主旨大意，而且能助力写作，丰富语言表达。下面是几组使用频率较高的话题词汇： (一)与“环境”有关的话题词汇 ①environment－friendly　　　 ②low－carbon ③reserve ④atmosphere ⑤shortage ⑥rubbish ⑦conservation ⑧alternative ⑨substitute ⑩emission ⑪symbol ⑫recycle ⑬protection ⑭endangered ⑮biodiversity ⑯deforestation ⑰wildlife ⑱climate change ⑲creature ⑳global warming resource greenhouse effect energy ecological balance (二)与“教育”有关的话题词汇 ①scholarship　　　　　　　 ②revise/review ③schedule ④presentation ⑤academy ⑥routine ⑦discipline ⑧major ⑨compete ⑩instruct ⑪assess ⑫register (三)与“科技”有关的话题词汇 ①acquire　　　　　　 　 　 ②explore ③solve ④predict ⑤experiment ⑥conclude ⑦imaginative ⑧procedure ⑨cautious ⑩conduct ⑪measure ⑫research 重点句式解构 NO.3 A fleet of over 200 ships navigated the blue seas, with almost 28,000 people on board, which was a splendid scene. 其船队有船200余艘，载着近两万八千人，在碧海上乘风破浪，场面极其壮观。 本句中with almost 28,000 people on board是with复合结构。with复合结构在句中常作状语，表示方式或伴随情况，有时也可作定语。 with复合结构的常见形式有： with＋宾语＋ 注意：在“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构中，不定式表示将来的动作；现在分词说明这一动作和前面的宾语之间是主谓关系，且指这一动作正在进行；过去分词说明这一动作与前面的宾语之间是动宾关系，且指这一动作已完成。 “两层级”学通用活句式 (1)通过“句法训练”弄明句式结构(单句语法填空) ①With so much homework _______ (do), I won't go out to play with you. ②With all the work ___________ (complete), they hurried home for lunch. to do completed (2)通过“句式仿写”做到熟练运用 ③一个缺了两颗门牙的小男孩跑进了屋子。 A little boy _______________________________ ran into the house. ④洗衣服时不要让水一直流着，那是在浪费水！ Don't wash your clothes ____________________.It is a waste of water! ⑤随着越来越多的森林被破坏，一些动植物正面临着灭绝的危险。 __________________________________, some animals and plants are facing the danger of dying out. with two of his front teeth missing with the water running With more and more forests damaged 随堂融通训练 NO.4 课文缩写七选五 课文缩写语法填空 根据课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Zheng He, one of China's greatest ①__________ (explore), set sail from Taicang on his first voyage in 1405.According to some records, the largest ships were over 140 metres in length, ②______________ (demonstrate) the advanced technology and special skills used in explorers demonstrating constructing ships.Between 1405 and 1433, he made a total of seven voyages.The fleet paid ③_________ (friend) visits to more than 30 countries and regions.His seven voyages had a far－reaching impact ④____ China and its neighbours, developing and strengthening ⑤___________ (harmony) relations between China and other countries and regions. friendly on harmonious Columbus, ⑥_____ was born in a port city of Italy, loved sailing.On 3 August 1492, he began his journey with three ships, which was full ⑦____ challenges.Columbus overcame these challenges and on 12 October, they spotted land in the distance.Columbus called the natives ⑧______ (live) on the islands Indians.The major ⑨____________ (contribute) of the great explorer is that he “discovered” the New World.His voyages marked the beginning of the Age of Exploration, a period which witnessed many important ⑩___________ (geography) findings. who of living contribution geographical 课时检测 第Ⅰ卷　语言基础训练 (一)单词拼写(7分) (1)You should try not to _______ (惊慌失措) in an emergency. (2)It will _________ (使吃惊) you to hear how much I paid for this book. (3)Just ________ (不予考虑) those thoughts from your mind — they're crazy and not worth thinking about. panic astonish dismiss (4)We all _____________ (承认) that trees are vital for the environment and the survival of our planet. (5)In order to arrive home early, he took an indirect ______ (路线) back home. (6)Flight 43 will _______ (离开) from Denver at 11：45 a．m. and arrive in Honolulu at 4：12 p．m. (7)Developments on this issue will be dealt with in a ____________ (随后的) report. acknowledge route depart subsequent (二)单句语法填空(20分) (8)He was ___________ (astonish) to learn that he had won the competition. (9)She plays an __________ (influence) role in the field of education, as we all know. (10)Those national parks obtained _________ (finance) support from tourist companies last year. astonished influential financial (11)The company's main problem is the _________ (short) of skilled workers. (12)Training is worthless unless there is _______ (prove) that it works. (13)Their ____________ (harmony) relationship resulted partly from their similar goals. (14)It will draw you closer together, and it will __________(strong) the bond of your relationships. shortage proof harmonious strengthen (15)Pack ice around Iceland was becoming a threat to __________ (navigate)． (16)A pipe broke, ________ (leak) water all over the house. (17)The three men seemed to have finished ________ (load) the truck. navigation leaking loading (三)选词填空(20分) (18)I am doing a project _____________ my school about global warming. (19)We'll start off in time ____________ the fact that it is raining. (20)Its speedy Wi－Fi connectivity __________ quick real－time video feeds and photo warnings as well. regardless of，a shortage of，on behalf of，allow for，be loaded with，contribute to，set sail，in length，in panic，pass on on behalf of regardless of allows for (21)We shall ________ in the early morning light. (22)He ___________ much of his fortune to his daughter. (23)The classroom was 25 feet _________ and 20 feet in width. (24)I think I can do some work that will ___________ international cooperation and understanding. (25)Office workers fled _________ as the fire broke out. (26)He _______________ honours and awards as the greenest businessman. (27)Some companies are suffering from _____________ fund. set sail passed on in length contribute to in panic was loaded with a shortage of (四)完成句子(8分) (28)The Mid－Autumn Festival is a festival to celebrate family reunion, ____________________ across the whole country.(with复合结构) 中秋节是一个庆祝家人团圆的节日，庆祝活动遍及全国。 (29)__________________________ reducing plastic usage in daily life significantly contributes to environmental protection.(acknowledge) 人们普遍认为，减少日常生活中的塑料使用对环境保护有显著贡献。 with celebrations held It's widely acknowledged that (30)________________________________________, Mandarin learning also calls for lots of practice.(as) 学习普通话也需要大量的练习，语言学习往往如此。 (31)You are sure to achieve your dreams __________________ and try your best.(insist) 如果你坚持并尽自己最大的努力，你一定会实现你的梦想。 As is always the case with language learning if you insist on them 第Ⅱ卷　语篇综合训练 (标 语篇配有教师讲评课件) (一)阅读理解 Confucius, a famous teacher, was a politician and philosopher who lived in “Spring and Autumn Period”．During his lifetime, he planted the seeds for China's transformation by teaching thousands of people.Today, he is thought to be one of the world's greatest teachers. Confucius grew up in a poor family.As he grew up, Confucius worked to help his mother earn money.When he wasn't working, he would read.His favorite thing to do was to learn.His mother saw this and did her best to help him learn.One day, rich families noticed how smart he was and offered him jobs counting their money and keeping track of their crops. Confucius did this until he was 30 years old, but he always wanted to do more.He didn't like the way rulers treated their __________.He wanted to find a way to help people who were less fortunate than he was.Later, he founded the philosophy “Confucianism”．Confucianism states that by educating yourself, loving your family, and respecting tradition you could become a better person.Confucius believed a person could achieve these things by practicing self－discipline.For the rest of his life, Confucius traveled and taught the people of China about subjects self－discipline and the importance of education.He even opened China's first school to teach both the poor and the wealthy as equals.Although he became very famous among China's lower classes, the rulers of China never accepted his teachings.Eventually, his philosophy of self－discipline helped China unite under one ruler and finally find peace.Today, Confucius is celebrated all over the world for his philosophy of education, equality, and peace over war, money, and injustice. 语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要介绍了春秋时期的政治家和哲学家孔子，以及他的个人经历和孔子的儒家思想。 1．What does the underlined word “subjects” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Themes.　　　　　　　 B．Courses. C．People. D．Tests. √ 解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“He wanted to find a way to help people who were less fortunate than he was.”可知，他想找到一种方法来帮助那些没有他幸运的人。再根据画线词所在句子中，ruler指的是“统治者”，可猜测subjects的意思是“人民”。 2．According to the author, why did Confucius open China's first school? A．To teach both the poor and the rich. B．To become famous among China's lower classes. C．To be accepted by the rulers of China. D．To be celebrated all over the world. √ 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“He even opened China's first school to teach both the poor and the wealthy as equals.”可知，孔子开办中国第一所学校是为了既教穷人也教富人。 3．What can we know about Confucius from the passage? A．He was once a farmer guiding people farming. B．He was born in a politician family. C．He once acted as a math teacher. D．He devoted himself to social change. √ 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知，孔子致力于社会变革。 4．What is the author's attitude towards Confucianism? A．Doubtful. B．Supportive. C．Disappointed. D．Uncertain. √ 解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段最后两句可推知，作者对儒家思想的态度是支持的。 (二)完形填空( ) Maryland fourth grader Molly Sampson didn't ask for typical new year's gifts this year. 5 ， the little scientist requested cold－water waders (高筒靴) so that she could hunt for fossils. Molly 6 with her father and sister to their favorite spot on Calvert Beach on the early morning.Molly's father, Bruce Sampson, has always been into fossil 7 ， and his daughters share his 8 . Molly has got an impressive collection of more than 40 9 over the years.These fossils range from modern－day shark teeth to far 10 items, like megalodon (巨齿鲨) teeth.Molly herself has found megalodon 11 before, but on this day, she found one of the largest ones ever 12 .She was standing in knee－deep water when she first saw the tooth. “I saw something 13 ， and it looked like a shark tooth，” she 14 .“We were about knee deep in the water.” Molly reached for the tooth, but it was so big that she 15 to take it out of the water.She felt “amazed” when she finally pulled it above the 16 and saw its size. Now Molly is more 17 than ever to pursue a career in paleontology (古生物学) someday.Her mother says she hopes other girls will see Molly's story and become 18 to get outdoors and study science, too.“We really want other kids to get excited about being outside，” said Alicia.This amazing find is a nicer 19 for this little young scientist's new year. 解析：根据上文“Maryland fourth grader Molly Sampson didn't ask for typical new year's gifts this year.”以及语境可知，莫莉没有要平常的新年礼物，相反要了一双高筒靴。 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了小女孩莫莉受父亲的影响，喜欢上寻找化石，并决定以后从事古生物学职业。 5．A.Therefore B．Instead C．Besides D．However √ 解析：根据下文“to their favorite spot on Calvert Beach”可知，他们出发去了喜欢的地方。 6．A.broke up B．kept up C．set out D．found out √ 解析：根据上文“she could hunt for fossils”可知，此处是指莫莉的父亲热衷于寻找化石。 7．A.stealing B．crying C．escaping D．hunting √ 解析：根据上文“has always been into fossil _________ ”可知，Bruce Sampson热衷于寻找化石，而孩子们和他一样具有热情，也喜欢上了寻找化石。 8．A.doubt B．regret C．passion D．happiness √ 解析：根据上文“an impressive collection of”可知，此处是指收藏的物品。下文的“items”也是提示。 9．A.items B．books C．weeks D．places √ 解析：呼应上文“modern－day”，此处是指更古老的化石。 10．A.younger B．cleaner C．older D．uglier √ 解析：根据下文“She was standing in knee－deep water when she first saw the tooth.”可知，此处是指巨齿鲨牙齿化石。 11．A.nose B．teeth C．hair D．ear √ 解析：呼应上文“Molly herself has found”，此处是指曾发现过的最大的巨齿鲨牙齿化石之一。 12．A.discovered B．created C．hoped D．lost √ 解析：根据下文“but it was so big”可知，巨齿鲨的牙齿化石很大。 13．A.big B．light C．heavy D．small √ 解析：结合语境可知，这是莫莉在回忆发现巨齿鲨牙齿化石的场景。 14．A.screamed B．worried C．recalled D．jumped √ 解析：根据上文“it was so big”可知，牙齿化石很大，莫莉要努力才能把它拿出水面。 15．A.ran B．smiled C．hurried D．struggled √ 解析：根据上文“We were about knee deep in the water.”和下文“saw its size”可知，牙齿化石被拖出了水面。 16．A.earth B．water C．house D．car √ 解析：结合上文讲述莫莉发现了一个巨大的鲨鱼牙齿化石可推知，她此时比任何时候都兴奋有一天能从事古生物学方面的职业。 17．A.shy B．excited C．humorous D．afraid √ 解析：结合语境和“to get outdoors and study science”可知，此处指莫莉的妈妈希望莫莉的故事能启发其他孩子学习科学。 18．A.frightened B．forced C．surprised D．inspired √ 解析：根据第一段中“Maryland fourth grader Molly Sampson didn't ask for typical new year's gifts this year.”可知，这次发现对于小女孩来说是最好的新年礼物。 19．A.news B．promise C．wish D．gift √ (三)语法填空(15分) The Xia Dynasty is China's first dynasty and, like the Great Flood, 20 (occur) in the Yellow River basin, is thought to be a tale by some westerners.Different sources date the beginning of the Xia Dynasty to 21 (rough) 2205－1989 BCE.With the new flood data, archaeologists (考古学家) now believe the Xia Dynasty did exist and might begin later 22 once thought. Archaeologists discovered a heavy flood which agreed 23 the change from a Neolithic culture to a Bronze Age culture.Researchers calculated that perhaps Yu, the Great became emperor around 1914 BCE, who is said 24 (be) the hero redirecting the floodwaters and returning the Yellow River to its course, and if so, grateful survivors likely gathered around Emperor Yu. 25 is the case now, massive disasters can unite an entire nation under a strong leader with vision. Archaeological advances in technology 26 (connect) with scientific surveys give the ancient story of the Great Flood of China 27 (reliable)．Thus, we now can guess that out of the ruins left by one of the 28 (great) floods of all time, a new greater, more advanced civilization may 29 (found)． 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。一些西方人认为夏朝和大洪水一样只是传说，但是新的证据让考古学家相信夏朝是真实存在的。 20．occurring　考查非谓语动词。本句的主干是“The Xia Dynasty is China's first dynasty and is thought to be a tale”。因此空处应是非谓语动词作定语修饰the Great Flood, occur“发生”是不及物动词，故用现在分词occurring。 21．roughly　考查副词。此处作状语修饰时间，应用副词roughly “大约”。 22．than　考查连词。根据句意和空前的“later”可知，空处缺引导比较状语从句的连词，故填than。 23．with　考查介词。agree with ...意为“与……一致，与……相符”，为固定搭配。故填with。 24．to be　考查非谓语动词。sb.is said to do/be ...意为“据说某人做某事/是……”，为固定用法，故填to be。 25．As　考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句，关系词表示“正如”，指代整个主句内容，且空处位于句首，首字母应大写。故用As引导。注意：只有as能引导位于句首的定语从句。 26．connected　考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，句中已有谓语动词give，故此处要用非谓语动词作后置定语修饰technology，且connect与 technology之间是动宾关系，故填过去分词connected。 27．reliability　考查名词。空处作give的直接宾语，应用名词形式。故填reliability。 28．greatest　考查形容词最高级。根据空前的“one of the”和空后的比较范围“of all time”可知，此处应用最高级，故填greatest。 29．have been founded　考查动词的时态和语态。结合空前的情态动词和语境可知，此处是情态动词表推测，且推测的是过去可能发生了的动作，应用may have done的形式；found与civilization之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。故填have been founded。 (四)主题微写作(15分) 请你仿照第一篇课文写一篇短文，介绍一位中国的历史人物。内容包括： 1．人物简介及事迹； 2．意义或启示。 The Historical Figure in China ________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ 参考范文： The Historical Figure in China Among the Chinese historical figures that are widely acknowledged, Fan Zhongyan is the most influential in my opinion.Here are the reasons. Known as a Chinese writer and politician in the Song Dynasty, Fan Zhongyan was highly appreciated because he made great contributions to society.He spared no effort to carry out a series of reforms to make his country prosperous.Besides, he proposed the establishment of a national school system, which had a far－reaching influence on the Chinese educational system. What impresses me most is his famous philosophy of life： “Be the first to worry about the troubles across the land, the last to enjoy universal happiness.” Fan Zhongyan is such a role model that he always encourages me to be a man of noble character. 本课结束 更多精彩内容请登录：www.zghkt.cn $