Unit 2 Section Ⅲ Using language-【新课程学案】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册配套课件PPT（外研版）

Using language Section Ⅲ 语法专题突破 听力发掘训练 新知深化学习 课时跟踪检测 Contents 目录 01 02 03 04 2 01 语法专题突破 语法项目——复习被动语态 语境中体悟 The major construction work on the world's longest cross-sea bridge was completed① on Oct.24th, 2018, which connects Zhuhai in Guangdong Province with Hong Kong and Macao.So far, more than 400,000 tonnes of steel have been used② for the 6.7km undersea tunnel and 22.9km bridge.It was reported that the travel time from Hong Kong to both Zhuhai and Macao would be cut③ greatly.History has been made in many aspects by the project. It was the first time that an immersed tube tunnel had been built④ in open waters in China.Besides, it is predicted that the bridge can be operated⑤ for 120 years.Because of the progress of “Made in China”， more construction is being realized⑥ or will be realized⑦ in the near future.The “China technology” and “China standard” set by the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge will even influence the world market. [语法入门] ①中was completed为一般过去时的被动语态； ②中have been used为现在完成时的被动语态； ③中would be cut为过去将来时的被动语态； ④中had been built为过去完成时的被动语态； ⑤中can be operated为含有情态动词的被动语态； ⑥中is being realized为现在进行时的被动语态； ⑦中will be realized为一般将来时的被动语态。 学案中理清 一、被动语态的基本构成形式　 被动语态的基本结构：“be＋及物动词的过去分词”。 被动语态的谓语动词有各种时态变化，以动词 take 为例，其常见时态的被动形式如下表所示： 一般现在时 am/is/are taken 一般过去时 was/were taken 现在进行时 am/is/are being taken 过去进行时 was/were being taken 现在完成时 have/has been taken 过去完成时 had been taken 一般将来时 will/shall be taken 过去将来时 would/should be taken [对点练]　(用所给词的适当形式填空) ①(2025·全国Ⅱ卷)For two weeks in March, Greenwich Village's Blue Hill restaurant _____________(rename) wastED, and served items like fried skate cartilage, a juice pulp burger, and a dumpster diver's vegetable salad. ②(2025·浙江1月高考)Any restrictions established by the lending library _______________(indicate) on the label. was renamed will be indicated ③(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, inspired by The Peony Pavilion, _________(build) at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes' walk from Shakespeare's birthplace. ④(2024·1月九省联考卷)Fountain pens ___________(use) in schools long ago and have been regaining popularity lately because they are refillable. ⑤(2023·浙江1月高考)Citizens of higher social classes ______________(permit) to live closer to the center of the circles. was built were used were permitted ⑥It ___________(build) originally to protect the city in the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复)． ⑦My washing machine _______________(repair) this week, so I have to wash my clothes by hand. ⑧Volunteering during teenage years _______________(link) to some major positive effects such as improved grades and increased self-confidence. was built is being repaired has been linked 二、被动语态的特殊结构形式　 1．谓语部分含有情态动词的被动语态 情态动词(may, might, can, could, will, would, should, ought to, must, need)＋be＋过去分词。 Nowadays, solar energy can be used to produce electricity in many countries. 现在太阳能在许多国家可以用于发电。 A real sense of achievement and happiness may be felt. 可能感觉到一种真正的成就感和幸福感。 [对点练] (1)用所给词的适当形式填空 ①(2024·浙江1月高考)However, though it's nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes __________ (offer) in smaller packs. ②(2024·全国甲卷)What should __________(do) with such a beautiful place? ③(2023·全国甲卷)Carson proves that a simple literary form that has been passed down through the ages can still ____________(employ) today to draw attention to important truths. be offered be done be employed ④(2022·全国乙卷)The more regularly they can _____________ (inspect), the more railway safety, reliability and on-time performance _______________(improve)． ⑤The artist was sure he would ___________(choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor's chief minister, the old man laughed. be inspected will be improved be chosen (2)句型转换 ⑥Teachers can use it in the classroom. →It _________________________by teachers. ⑦You needn't do it now. →It _______________ (by you) now. can be used in the classroom needn't be done 2．使役动词和感官动词的被动语态 (1)在使役动词have, make以及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等后面的不定式作宾语补足语时， 在主动结构中不定式 to 要省略， 但变为被动结构时，要加上to。 get, leave, cause 等使役动词的宾语补足语是带 to 的不定式，变为被动语态时该不定式不变。 My father made me stay up late to finish my homework.(表示 主动) I was made to stay up late to finish my homework by my father.(表示被动) [对点练]　(句型转换) ①I didn't notice her enter the office. →She ____________________the office. ②Someone saw a stranger walk into the building. →A stranger______________________________. ③She left her estate to her daughter. →Her estate_______________________. wasn't noticed to enter was seen to walk into the building was left to her daughter (2)有些动词可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构时，可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语，另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面，通常变为主语的是间接宾语。 His mother gave him a present for his birthday. → He was given a present by his mother for his birthday. 他妈妈送给他一份生日礼物。 3．动词短语的被动语态 动词短语是一个整体，不可丢掉它后面搭配的介词或副词。 It is said that a new railway station will be set up in my hometown. 据说在我的家乡将建造一座新火车站。 The baby is being taken care of by his grandmother. 这个婴儿正由他的祖母照顾。 Such a strange story has never been heard of. 这样奇怪的事情还从没有听说过。 [对点练]　(句型转换) ①My sister gave me a big cake. → ____________________by my sister. ②We should make good use of every chance. →Every chance should_____________________. I was given a big cake be made good use of 三、使用被动语态应注意的几个问题　 1．主动形式表示被动意义 (1)当feel, look, smell, taste, sound 等系动词后面接形容词/名词构成系表结构时；当cut, read, sell, wear, write, wash, cook, shut, dry, drink 等表示某种属性且带有修饰语时；当动词表示“开始、结束、运动”等意义时。 The fish smells good.这鱼闻起来很香。 The book written by that famous writer sells very well.那位著名作家写的书很畅销。 Cotton feels soft. 棉花摸起来很柔软。 These cups clean easily. 这些杯子容易洗。 The museum doesn't open on Monday. 这个博物馆星期一不开放。 [名师点津]　经常使用主动语态的短语：come out, come into being, go off, run out, give out, give in。 (2)want, require, need后面用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义，或用不定式的被动形式。 These flowers require watering/to be watered. 这些花需要浇水。 (3)“be＋adj.＋to do”中，不定式的逻辑宾语是句子的主语，用主动形式表示被动含义。 He isn't easy to get along with. 他不容易相处。 [对点练]　(翻译句子) ①我的房子需要修理了。 ____________________________________ ②老年人需要细心照料。 ___________________________________________________ ③这个问题容易回答。 ______________________________ ④这个包背起来很重。 ____________________________ My house needs repairing/to be repaired. The old require looking after/to be looked after carefully. This question is easy to answer. The bag is very heavy to carry. 2．含被动语态的固定句型 “It is＋过去分词＋that 从句”这一句型的常见形式有： It is believed that ...　　　 人们相信…… It is said that ... 据说…… It is hoped that ... 人们希望…… It is thought that ... 人们认为…… It is reported that ... 据报道…… It is (well) known that ... 众所周知…… It is supposed/considered that ... 人们认为…… It is agreed that ... 人们一致同意…… It is judged that ... 据判断…… It is proved that ... 事实证明…… It is estimated that ... 据估计…… It is believed that he has been working hard. 大家相信他一直努力工作。 It is reported that the Chang'e-5 probe has successfully completed China's first extraterrestrial sample return mission. 据报道，“嫦娥五号”探测器圆满完成我国首次外星球采样返回任务。 [名师点津]　以上句式大多数可转换为Sb./Sth.is said/believed/thought/reported/...to ...句型。 It is said that the news tops the list of conversation topics on the Internet. →The news is said to top the list of conversation topics on the Internet. 据说这条新闻成为互联网最热门的话题。 [对点练]　(句型转换) ①People say you are a real hero. →You _____________a real hero. →_____________ you are a real hero. ②People thought Edison had invented the first light. →Edison ___________________________the first light. →_____________________________________ the first light. are said to be It is said that was thought to have invented It was thought that Edison had invented 应用中融通 Ⅰ.把下列句子改为被动语态 1．The demanding boss often makes his employees work overtime. →_____________________________________________________ _________________ 2．The teacher is keeping the pupils at school for a revision. →______________________________________________________ The employees are often made to work overtime by their demanding boss. The pupils are being kept by the teacher at school for a revision. 3．We know that he is the best dentist in the town. →_____________________________________________________ ______________________________ 4．You must finish the article before Friday. →_____________________________________________ 5．They will not paint the house again next year. →_______________________________________________ It is known that he is the best dentist in the town./He is known to be the best dentist in the town. The article must be finished by you before Friday. The house won't be painted again by them next year. Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空 In recent years many TV shows have become extremely popular among the Chinese audience.Both commercial success and public attention ①_________________ (receive)．Their popularity ②______ (base) on simple facts.First, they care about social concerns.Second, they explore a perfect balance between the international forms and Chinese expressions.Despite apparent highlights, much room ③______ (leave) for improvement.Commercial interests often outweigh educational purposes. have been received is based is left In addition, young people ④_________________ (mislead)．Such shows should shoulder more responsibility instead of merely entertaining the public.As ⑤_____________ (expect), these programs should be positive in their forms as well as functions.Meanwhile, the values of our society should also ⑥______________ (safeguard)． have been misled is expected be safeguarded 02 听力发掘训练 教材听力“再利用” 一、由听力厚积语料库 1．________　　　　　　 放弃 2．_______ 坚持 3．____________ 与某人见面；追上，赶上 4．change one's mind _______________ 5．get used to _________ 6．live one's life to the full _____________ give up stick to catch up with 改变某人的想法 习惯于 充实地生活 二、教材录音材料的发掘训练 1．How old is Janet? A．18.　　　　　B．28.　　　　　C．81. 2．What happened to Janet around 1955? A．Her mother fell ill. B．She started her own business. C．She didn't pass the College Entrance Examination. √ √ 3．Who advised Janet to go back to school? A．Her father. B．Her husband. C．Her daughter. 4．How did Janet feel at first when she went back to university after all these years? A．Very excited. B．A little nervous. C．Quite confident. √ √ 5．What will Janet do next? A．To go on a tour. B．To take care of her family. C．To start a master's degree. √ 三、依据教材听力完成句子 1．If you want to lose weight, you need to___________________, and you need to start exercising. 2．Never ____________________what you can do today. 3．As people usually say, “________________________in one basket”． 4．But then five years ago my daughter Candy suggested I ________________and I jumped at the chance. 5．You'll find that studying again ___________________________ ___________to you. stop eating junk food put off until tomorrow Don't put all of your eggs go back to school opens up a new world of opportunity 四、听说交际训练 根据本课关于人生智慧的表达，再结合汉语提示完成下面对话。 A：I started volunteering at a community center back in high school. At first, ①______________________________ (我只是想打发我的空闲时间)． B：That sounds meaningful. Did you keep doing it? A：After that I helped kids with their homework every weekend. But then five years ago, ②____________________________ (因为考试，我不得不停了下来)． B：Did you miss it? I just wanted to kill my free time I had to stop because of exams A：I felt empty at first. So last year I went back.Those kids' smiles taught me ③___________________________________________ _______ (幸福不在于你得到什么，而在于你付出什么)． B：I want to try, too. ④____________ (有什么建议吗)? A：I suggest that you start small — even an hour a week matters. ⑤_____________________________________________ (要记得人生中最好的课都来自行动), not just watching. happiness isn't about what you get, but what you give Any advice Remember，the best lessons in life come from doing 听力素材“多积累” 与“人生智慧”有关的表达 1．stay positive　　　　　保持乐观 2．embrace change 欣然接受变化 3．lend a helping hand 伸出援手 4．in trouble 处于困境中 5．make use of 利用 6．help each other 互帮互助 7．turn to sb.for help 向某人求助 8．cooperate with others 与他人合作 9．All that you do, do with your might; things done by halves are never done right. 凡事都要尽力而为，不可半途而废，否则将一事无成。 10．What my dad did shows me that being wealthy is not just about money. 我父亲所做的事让我明白，富有不仅仅是钱的问题。 11．Sometimes, a small act of kindness may be powerful enough to make a huge difference. 有时，一个小小的善行可能足以带来巨大的改变。 03 新知深化学习 1．The focus of the sentence is on the recipient of the action, not on the subject of the sentence. 句子的中心是动作的承受者，而不是句子的主语。 ★focus n．焦点，中心；焦距v.(使)聚焦；集中(注意力、精力等)于 |用|法|感|知| •It shows a common phenomenon nowadays that children are the focus of families, shouldering the hope of their parents.这表明当今社会的一个普遍现象：孩子是家庭的中心，承载着父母的希望。 •(主旨升华句)The key to success is to focus on your goals, no matter how challenging the path may become.成功的关键在于，无论道路是多么具有挑战性，都要专注于你的目标。 [归纳点拨] (1)the focus of ...　 ……的焦点/中心 bring ...into focus 使……成为焦点/调准焦距 (2)focus on 集中(注意力、精力等)于…… focus ...on ... 把……对准/集中于…… |应|用|融|会| (1)单句语法填空 ①If the camera is not brought ______focus, the photo will be blurred (模糊不清)． ②(2025·全国Ⅰ卷)The team focused only _____three common types — polystyrene, polyethylene and polypropylene — and they didn't study other chemicals previously found in water such as vinyl chloride. into on (2)句式升级(用with复合结构升级) ③Because he focused his attention on his homework, he forgot all about what I had told him. →______________________________________, he forgot all about what I had told him. ④Because so many people focused their eyes on him, he felt very nervous. →___________________________________________, he felt very nervous. With his attention focused on his homework With so many people focusing their eyes on him [联想发散]　表示“集中注意力于……”的短语还有：fix/concentrate one's attention on, concentrate on, pay attention to, be absorbed in等。 2．The subject goes with lengthy expressions that are better put at the end. 主语带有冗长的短语，短语最好放在末尾。 ★go with与……一起存在；与……相配；伴随 |用|法|感|知| •(2025·全国Ⅱ卷写作)A good article on Canadian sports goes with the educational purpose of our English newspaper. 一篇关于加拿大体育运动的好文章与我们英文报的教育目的相伴相生。 •Everything began to go against us. 一切都开始变得对我们不利起来。 •We would rather go on with the experiment than give it up. 我们宁愿把这个实验进行下去，而不愿放弃它。 [归纳点拨] go after 追求，追逐，谋求 go against 不利于，违反，反对 go ahead 开始做；前进；进行 go by (时间)过去 go in for 参加；从事；爱好 go on with 继续做 go over 仔细检查，复习 go without 没有……也行 |应|用|融|会| (完成句子) ①Let's _________________________________________before the exam.让我们在考试之前把我们这学期学过的所有课程复习一下吧。 ②She was scared to___________________________. 她不敢违背父亲的意愿。 ③I've decided to ___________________________no matter what it takes.我决定谋求北京的那份工作，无论要付出什么代价。 ④________________, my memory seems to get worse. 随着时间的流逝，我的记忆力似乎越来越差。 go over all the lessons we have learnt this term go against her father's wishes go after that job in Beijing As time goes by 04 课时跟踪检测 Ⅰ.阅读理解 In today's motivational literature, failure is often viewed as something to be celebrated.Inspirational speakers are fond of quoting the words of the novelist Samuel Beckett — “Fail again.Fail better.” It seems that disappointments are an essential stepping stone to success, a turning point in our life story that will ultimately end in victory. However, psychological research finds most of us struggle to handle failure constructively.In other words, we fail to “fail forward”．We find ways to devalue the task at which we failed, and become less motivated to persevere and reach our goals.This phenomenon is known as the “sour-grape effect”， which was discovered by Professor Hallgeir Sjastad. Sjastad explains that “sour-grape effect” is a self-protective mechanism.“Most of us picture ourselves as competent people, so when external feedback suggests otherwise, it poses a serious threat to that self-image，” he says.“The easiest way out is to deny or explain away the external signal, so we can reduce the inconsistency and preserve a positive sense of self.We do this even without noticing.” If you have one bad interview for your dream job, you might convince yourself that you don't really want it at all, and stop applying for similar positions.The same goes if you fail to impress at a sports trial, or if a publisher rejects the first submission of your manuscript (手稿)．“We tend to explain away our shortcomings and convince ourselves our ‘Plan C’ is actually our ‘Plan A’，” Sjastad says. It doesn't mean we should persevere in pursuing goals all the time.It can be healthy to change ambitions if the process is no longer making us happy.But the “sour-grape effect” may lead us to come to this decision prematurely, rather than hanging on a little and seeing whether we might learn and improve. Failures are unavoidable.By learning to face the disappointment instead of devaluing its importance and pretending nothing happened, you may find it easier to achieve your goals. 语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了正确的失败观——相比于仅仅把失败当作一种幸运，更重要的是要有建设性地“失败”，勇敢面对失望，并从中总结经验。 1．Why does the author mention the speech of inspirational speakers in paragraph 1? A．To offer an example to handle failure. B．To describe a shallow understanding of failure. C．To introduce a common attitude towards failure. D．To emphasize the importance of experiencing failure. √ 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段前两句，尤其是段首的“However”可知，第一段提出了一个看似励志实则肤浅的观点，由此引出下文作者自己的见解：仅仅把失败当作成功的基石是肤浅的，而要有建设性地“失败”，并从中学习经验。 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段可知，“酸葡萄效应”是一种自我保护机制，会否认外界对我们的负面反馈。 √ 2．What can we learn from paragraph 3 about the “sour-grape effect”？ A．It protects us from false feedback. B．It pictures us as competitive people. C．It poses a severe threat to self-image. D．It denies negative feedback to ourselves. 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“rather than hanging on a little and seeing whether we might learn and improve”可推知，prematurely与“hanging on a little”相反，应是表示“提前地，过早地”。 √ 3．What does the underlined word “prematurely” in paragraph 5 mean? A．Unhappily.　　　　　B．Mistakenly. C．Hurriedly. D．Carelessly. 解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，作者通过全文的讨论，呼吁大家树立正确的失败观，警惕“酸葡萄效应”，当自我形象因失败而被打破时，不要逃避，不要贬低失败的价值，而是要勇敢地面对，并从中学习和提升。 √ 4．Which statement would the author most probably agree with? A．Don't escape when our self-image is broken. B．Don't quit when goals no longer make you happy. C．Never hesitate to replace “Plan A” with “Plan C”． D．Never forget to maintain a positive sense of self. Ⅱ.完形填空 I experienced a day when I was extraordinarily 5 .I'm never a picture of grace, but on this particular day, I seemed to be 6 everything.It's an old house, and the floor is 7 in some places, so my fall was the floor's fault.But when I fell again on my way out to the car, and yet again in my own home, I began to grow 8 .Had I let myself get so stressed out that I had 9 become sick? Having been raised by parents who worked in the mental-health field, I tended to look for spiritual and emotional reasons before I headed to the local 10 .I had the calming practice that 11 yoga poses with breathing exercises.I went to 12 more comfortable clothes for the exercise, and as I removed my shoes, I was 13 ！ I wasn't having a stroke at all.I had completely worn out my favorite pair of sandals.The soles (鞋底) of both shoes were split in two! I had 14 all the possibilities to figure out what was causing my clumsiness.It never occurred to me to check my soles. So often when we start to feel 15 ， we look for ways to make things better.But just as it never occurred to me to check the soles of my shoes, so our own souls are the very 16 thing we think of to check.Take a moment to remember the last time you sat still, meditating.If you can't remember when that was, it might be a(n) 17 . The local cobbler (鞋匠) said my soles were irreparable.We had a good 18 ， but it was time to let them go.Fortunately for us, our souls can be mended and restored — once we realize they are in need of 19 . 语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者因为走路总是绊倒，从而怀疑自己患了中风，后来才知道是自己的鞋底出了问题。作者用自己的经历告诉人们：遇到问题要冷静思考，一旦发现问题就马上修复。 解析：根据下文的“I'm never a picture of grace”以及“But when I fell again on my way out to the car, and yet again in my own home, I began to grow .”可知，作者这天总是跌倒，所以是笨手笨脚的一天。 √ 5．A.busy　　　　　　 B．clumsy C．stressed D．bored 解析： 根据下文的“But when I fell again on my way out to the car, and yet again in my own home, I began to grow .”可知，作者这天总是跌倒，所以作者觉得什么都能绊倒自己。 √ 6．A.going through B．stepping on C．falling off D．tripping over 解析：根据上文可知，作者总是绊倒；再根据下文“so my fall was the floor's fault”可知，作者认为自己绊倒是地板的错，由此判断地板不平整。 √ 7．A.uneven B．sharp C．stained D．shallow 解析： 根据下文“Had I let myself get so stressed out that I had become sick？”可知，作者开始担心自己生病了。 √ 8．A.inspired B．grieved C．concerned D．interested 解析：根据下文“I tended to look for spiritual and emotional reasons before I headed to the local ”可知，作者觉得自己是真的生病了。literally在此处意为“真正地，确实地”。 √ 9．A.luckily B．literally C．obviously D．doubtfully 解析：根据上文“Having been raised by parents who worked in the mental-health field, I tended to look for spiritual and emotional reasons”可知，因为父母在心理健康领域工作，当作者感觉自己有可能生病了的时候，首先倾向于寻找精神和情感上的原因，然后才考虑找医生。 √ 10．A.doctor B．coach C．tailor D．psychologist 解析：根据下文的“with”以及“I went to more comfortable clothes for the exercise”可知，作者是准备去做训练，而这个训练结合了瑜伽动作和呼吸训练。 √ 11．A.exchanged B．equipped C．associated D．combined 解析：根据空后的“more comfortable clothes for the exercise, and as I removed my shoes, I was ”可知，作者是换成更舒服的衣服去训练。 √ 12．A.wrap up B．take off C．change into D．look after 解析：根据下文“I wasn't having a stroke at all.I had completely worn out my favorite pair of sandals.The soles (鞋底) of both shoes were split in two！”可知，作者知道了自己总是跌倒的原因，所以是“痊愈”了。 √ 13．A.rescued B．cured C．injured D．slipped 解析：根据上文的“Having been raised by parents who worked in the mental-health field, I tended to look for spiritual and emotional reasons before I headed to the local .”可知，作者是想尽方法来找出自己笨手笨脚的原因。exhaust在此处意为“详尽研究”。 √ 14．A.exhausted B．predicted C．ignored D．discussed 解析：根据上文可知，作者以为自己生病了，所以想尽方法寻找原因。故可推知，作者当时有些不知所措。此处指通常当我们感到不知所措时，我们会寻找方法使事情变好。 √ 15．A.delighted B．divided C．overwhelmed D．thrilled 解析：根据上文内容可知，作者误以为自己患病后，想了很多办法，却唯独没有检查自己的鞋底。本句为类比，所以心灵是我们最不会想到的去检查的东西。 √ 16．A.best B．last C．easiest D．hardest 解析： 结合语境可知，如果你不记得上次静坐冥想是什么时候，那就意味着你需要这么做了。 √ 17．A.mistake B．solution C．test D．clue 解析： 根据上文的“I had completely worn out my favorite pair of sandals.”可知，作者非常喜欢这双鞋。由此推知，作者穿着这双鞋度过了一段美好的时光。run在此处为熟词生义，意为“一段时光”。 √ 18．A.run B．exercise C．yoga D．gesture 解析：根据上文的“Fortunately for us, our souls can be mended and restored”可知，空处指的是内心需要“修补”的时候。 √ 19．A.repair B．review C．response D．replacement Ⅲ.语法填空(15分) People say that 18 20 (mark) a new chapter in our lives, and that we should become more independent. I used to believe this, but the reality for me has been very 21 (difference). I assumed I'd already have a well-paid job and that I'd be moving into a rented apartment as soon as I turned 18, but 22 wrong I was! My librarian's salary means that I'll be living with my parents for a while 23 (long). Because I contribute to the household bills 24 my commute to work is quite expensive, I find it hard 25 (save) any money. I'll be starting a new job next month, however, so maybe things will get easier. I know I could get a bank loan to pay 26 deposit on my very own apartment, but I don't feel ready to make that kind of 27 (commit), and I do like my mom's 28 (cook). I guess some 29 (responsibility) are more about attitude than age. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者在18岁后的生活状况、经济压力以及对未来的态度，展现了个人成长过程中的真实感受和思考。 20．marks　考查时态和主谓一致。本句描述一般事实，用一般现在时；从句主语18是第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填marks。 21．different　考查形容词。此处作表语，需要用difference的形容词形式different，意为“不同的”。故填different。 22．how　考查感叹句的引导词。空后为形容词，用how引导感叹句，强调“我错得多么厉害”，符合语境。故填how。 23．longer　考查副词比较级。结合语境，此处表示“与父母同住更长时间”，用long的比较级longer。故填longer。 24．and　考查连词。前后两个分句“I contribute to the household bills”和“my commute to work is quite expensive”为并列关系，用and连接。故填and。 25．to save　考查非谓语动词。句中it为形式宾语，真正的宾语用动词不定式，即“find it ＋ 形容词 ＋ to do sth.”结构。故填to save。 26．the　考查冠词。此处特指“我自己的公寓的押金”，用定冠词the表特指。故填the。 27．commitment　考查名词。空前有that kind of修饰，需要用commit的名词形式commitment，意为“承诺”，作make的宾语。故填commitment。 28．cooking　考查名词。此处表示“妈妈做的饭”，用cook的名词形式cooking，意为“烹饪(的食物)”，作like的宾语。故填cooking。 29．responsibilities　考查名词复数。空后的are表明主语为复数，responsibility的复数形式是responsibilities。故填responsibilities。 本课结束 更多精彩内容请登录：www.zghkt.cn $