Unit 4 Information Technology Lesson 1 Avatars 课件-2025-2026学年高中英语北师大版必修第二册

AVARTARS 2 periods, focusing on avatars. Period 1: Summarize key info about avatars; sort their influences; reflect on avatar-human relationship and cyber security via discussion. Period 2: Review avatar info; learn past future tense (form, function) and use it in sentences/texts. Activities: Prediction, reading, discussion, language practice (e.g., filling texts, answering questions on avatar changes) warming-up Many people on online platforms use "momo" as their avatars or usernames. Why do you think this trend happens? What does it tell us about how people choose and use avatars? “What’s Your Avatar Story?” What kind of avatar do you use online: a photo of yourself, a cartoon image or something else? Why did you choose it? a cute animal avatar a cartoon character avatar to trick others to avaid online safety risks an avatar in fancy clothes to express myself freely to create a real / digital identity to protect myself Example I use a cartoon character avatar instead of a photo to protect myself online. I use____________ as my avatar in order to/ because_____________________________. Turn to your partner. Talk about your online avatar—what type it is (e.g., a photo, cartoon) and why you chose it. Try using “I use... to...”. You have 2 minutes. Ready? Go! Since we’ve talked about how "momo" serves as a common online image, let’s begin our lesson to learn more about such digital representations—called "avatars"—as we explore Unit 4. Prediction What would you like to learn about avatars? Write your questions in the diagram. Avatars ▸ Why do people use avatars?  （原因） ▸ How have avatars changed over time? （变化） ▸ Can avatars be dangerous? （风险） 补充：You can think about technology, feelings, or even “Momo”! Since we’ve talked about how "momo" serves as a common online image, let’s begin our lesson to learn more about such digital representations—called "avatars"—as we explore Unit 4. Read for General Understanding The avatar you choose says a lot about you. The article will help you understand your choice of avatars better. Read Para 1-2 quietly for 1 minute. Do two easy things: Find the sentence with 'known as' — underline it! It tells us what avatars are. Circle '1980s' and 'late 1990s'. Draw lines to show what avatars did in those years. Ready? Go! 🚀" When you are online, you can be anyone or anything. You can create your own image and a new personality. These digital identities, known as avatars, are a key part of how people use the Internet to communicate and express themselves. The first simple 2D avatars appeared in role-playing computer games in the 1980s. Yet, very few people knew that future avatars would have such a wide variety of forms and uses. By the late 1990s, they had been used in web chats. Since we’ve talked about how "momo" serves as a common online image, let’s begin our lesson to learn more about such digital representations—called "avatars"—as we explore Unit 4. personality 性格；个性（名词） “create a new personality” → My dog has a shy personality. In the game, I made my avatar’s personality brave. When you are online, you can be anyone or anything. You can create your own image and a new personality. These digital identities, known as avatars, are a key part of how people use the Internet to communicate and express themselves. The first simple 2D avatars appeared in role-playing computer games in the 1980s. Yet, very few people knew that future avatars would have such a wide variety of forms and uses. By the late 1990s, they had been used in web chats. digital identities digital（数字的，形容词） + identities（身份，identity 的复数）→ 数字身份。 Our WeChat avatars are part of our digital identities. Be careful with your digital identities online! When you are online, you can be anyone or anything. You can create your own image and a new personality. These digital identities, known as avatars, are a key part of how people use the Internet to communicate and express themselves. The first simple 2D avatars appeared in role-playing computer games in the 1980s. Yet, very few people knew that future avatars would have such a wide variety of forms and uses. By the late 1990s, they had been used in web chats. known as use：过去分词短语，表 “被称为；叫做”（相当于 which is called ，用来解释前面的词）。 “These digital identities, known as avatars” → Pandas, known as “national treasures”, are cute. role-playing role（角色，名词） + playing（扮演，动名词）→ 角色扮演的（形容词，修饰名词）。 “role-playing computer games” → In English class, we do role-playing to practice speaking. a wide variety of 意思：各种各样的（后接复数名词，强调 “种类多”）。 “a wide variety of forms and uses” → There are a wide variety of clubs in our school. When you are online, you can be anyone or anything. You can create your own image and a new personality. These digital identities, known as avatars, are a key part of how people use the Internet to communicate and express themselves. The first simple 2D avatars appeared in role-playing computer games in the 1980s. Yet, very few people knew that future avatars would have such a wide variety of forms and uses. By the late 1990s, they had been used in web chats. By the late 1990s by（到… 时为止） + late（晚期的） + 1990s（90 年代）→ 到 20 世纪 90 年代末为止。 常和 过去完成时 连用（因为动作在 “90 年代末”之前就完成了）， By the late 1990s, most families had bought TVs. When you are online, you can be anyone or anything. You can create your own image and a new personality. These digital identities, known as avatars, are a key part of how people use the Internet to communicate and express themselves. The first simple 2D avatars appeared in role-playing computer games in the 1980s. Yet, very few people knew that future avatars would have such a wide variety of forms and uses. By the late 1990s, they had been used in web chats. 时态 文本例句 生活例句 时间轴标记 一般过去时 Avatars appeared in the 1980s. I bought a new bag yesterday. ▶ 单一过去点 过去将来时 Few knew avatars would change a lot. In 2010, I thought I would be a doctor. ↗ 从过去看未来 过去完成时 By 1990s, avatars had entered chats. By 7:00, I had eaten breakfast. ← 过去的过去已完成 These digital identities, known as avatars, are a key part of how people use the Internet to communicate and express themselves. 抓主句核心（主系表结构） 主句：These digital identities are a key part. 插入语：过去分词短语作定语（修饰主语） 插入语：known as avatars 语法身份：过去分词短语（作非限定性定语，修饰 digital identities） 功能：解释 digital identities 是什么 → 即 “被称为头像的 数字身份” 等价从句：which are known as avatars（非限定性定语从句，更完整但稍显繁琐 These digital identities, known as avatars, are a key part of how people use the Internet to communicate and express themselves. 介词短语：of + 宾语从句（修饰表语 a key part） 介词短语：of how people use the Internet to communicate and express themselves 结构分解： of：介词，表 “所属关系”（… 的关键部分） 宾语从句：how people use the Internet to communicate and express themselves（作 of 的宾语，属于 名词性从句 中的 宾语从句） 宾语从句内部结构：主语：people 谓语：use 宾语：the Internet 目的状语：to communicate and express themselves（表 “使用互联网” 的目的） ： These digital identities, known as avatars, are a key part of how people use the Internet to communicate and express themselves. [These digital identities] // 主语 [, known as avatars,] // 定语（过去分词短语，修饰主语） [are] // 系动词 [a key part] // 表语 [of how people use the Internet to communicate and express themselves.] // 介词短语（of + 宾语从句，修饰表语，解释“哪方面的关键部分”） These digital identities, known as avatars, are a key part of how people use the Internet to communicate and express themselves. 用同样结构造句（替换核心词，理解模仿）： 例：These online names, known as usernames, are a key part of how people show their styles on social media. （这些网名，被称为用户名，是人们在社交媒体上展现风格的关键部分。） 学生尝试：These ______, known as ______, are a key part of how people ______. Fill in the blanks: Online, we can create ______ (数字的) identities. The zoo has ______ (各种各样的) animals. Choose the right tense: By last week, they ______ (finish) the work. In 2015, no one knew phones ______ (become) so powerful. Read for General Understanding The avatar you choose says a lot about you. The article will help you understand your choice of avatars better. Quick read! Mark 3 parts with symbols/colors: Actions (e.g., dress avatars): ✦ Underline. Functions (e.g., express yourself): ~ Wave-line. Types (e.g., a sensible one): ▢ Box. Start! 🚀 When people started creating their own avatars, they discovered that they were going to have the power to create new identities that did not look or act like their real selves at all. They could dress their avatars in fancy clothes, or they could try being someone of the opposite sex, and call themselves “Andy” instead of “Anna”! When Internet users realised that their avatars would be seen by many people, not just their friends, they started having more than one avatar: a sensible one for work; a friendly, good-looking one for meeting people; and a silly one for having fun. Avatars let you express yourself and give you lots of room for creativity. fancy adj. 华丽的；精致的（≠ 普通，强调 视觉上的讲究 / 设计感 ） “dress their avatars in fancy clothes” → 搭配：fancy shoes、fancy party 反义对比：plain clothes They could dress their avatars in fancy clothes, or they could try being someone of the opposite sex, and call themselves “Andy” instead of “Anna”! When Internet users realised that their avatars would be seen by many people, not just their friends, they started having more than one avatar: a sensible one for work; a friendly, good-looking one for meeting people; and a silly one for having fun. Avatars let you express yourself and give you lots of room for creativity. opposite sex opposite（adj. 相反的） + sex（n. 性别）→ 字面 “相反性别”→ 异性； “try being someone of the opposite sex” → 介词固定：of the opposite sex 对比：same sex They could dress their avatars in fancy clothes, or they could try being someone of the opposite sex, and call themselves “Andy” instead of “Anna”! When Internet users realised that their avatars would be seen by many people, not just their friends, they started having more than one avatar: a sensible one for work; a friendly, good-looking one for meeting people; and a silly one for having fun. Avatars let you express yourself and give you lots of room for creativity. sensible adj. （行为 / 外表）得体的；靠谱的（符合场合，让人觉得 “专业、稳重”）； “a sensible one for work” → 修饰行为：a sensible choice 易混词：sensitive（敏感的，如 a sensitive person 敏感的人）→ 发音像，意思不同！ room for creativity room（n. 抽象意义 “空间；余地”，不可数！） + for creativity（后置定语，“给创意的”）→ 创意发挥的空间； “give you lots of room for creativity” → 。 搭配：room for mistakes、room for imagination When people started creating their own avatars, they discovered that they were going to have the power to create new identities that did not look or act like their real selves at all. 外层 —— 时间状语从句（When 引导） 结构：When + 主谓宾（people started creating their own avatars） 中层 —— 宾语从句（that 引导） 位置：discovered + that 从句（作 discovered 的宾语，因为 discover 是及物动词，必须接宾语） When people started creating their own avatars, they discovered that they were going to have the power to create new identities that did not look or act like their real selves at all. started creating：start doing sth.（开始做某事，强调 “持续的动作”，即 “从 0 到 1 开始创建头像”）； creating 是 动名词作宾语（start 后接动名词，表 “开始长期 / 习惯性行为”，对应文本中 “人们逐渐流行做头像” 的趋势）。 附属结构：to create new identities（不定式作定语，修饰 power → 是 “创造新身份的能力”，而非其他能力）。 When people started creating their own avatars, they discovered that they were going to have the power to create new identities that did not look or act like their real selves at all. 位置：new identities + that 从句（修饰 new identities，说明 “新身份” 的特征）。 核心内容：did not look or act like their real selves → 既不像、也不表现得像真实的自己（or 连接两个否定，强调 “外观 + 行为” 双维度的差异）。 语气强化：at all（用于否定句末尾，强调 “完全 不像”，突出虚拟身份与现实的割裂感）。 内层 —— 定语从句（that 引导） past started creating future were going to have present author’s perspective 用同样结构，写一句关于复合句（模仿三层嵌套） When students started making short videos, they found that they would gain the ability to tell stories that were totally different from their daily lives. When Internet users realised that their avatars would be seen by many people, not just their friends, they started having more than one avatar: a sensible one for work; a friendly, good-looking one for meeting people; and a silly one for having fun. Avatars let you express yourself and give you lots of room for creativity. “Circle these words first—they’re your ‘information maps’!” ✦ 🔍 realised that...（找原因） ✦ 🗂️ more than one avatar:（找分类） ✦ ✨ let you...（找功能） Information Categories Details (Find answers in the passage!) Avatar Types 1. ______ (Hint: good for work, adjective)2. friendly, good-looking3. ______ (Hint: funny, adjective) Matching Uses 1. for ______2. for meeting people3. for having ______ Reason for multiple avatars When Internet users realised that their avatars would be seen by ______ ______, not just their friends. Key functions of avatars 1. let you ______ yourself2. give you lots of room for ______ When Internet users realised that their avatars would be seen by many people, not just their friends, they started having more than one avatar: a sensible one for work; a friendly, good-looking one for meeting people; and a silly one for having fun. Avatars let you express yourself and give you lots of room for creativity. 主句1（时间状语从句 + 主句 + 同位语列举） ├── 时间状语从句：When Internet users realised [宾语从句] │ └── 宾语从句：their avatars would be seen by many people, not just their friends │ └── 被动语态：would be seen（过去将来时 + 被动） ├── 主句核心：they started having more than one avatar │ └── 动名词结构：having（start doing sth.） └── 同位语列举（冒号 + 分号并列）： ├── a sensible one for work ├── a friendly, good-looking one for meeting people └── a silly one for having fun When Internet users realised that their avatars would be seen by many people, not just their friends, they started having more than one avatar: a sensible one for work; a friendly, good-looking one for meeting people; and a silly one for having fun. Avatars let you express yourself and give you lots of room for creativity. 主句2（并列谓语） └── Avatars let you express yourself and give you lots of room for creativity. ├── 使役动词：let you express（不带to的不定式宾补） └── 双宾语结构：give you [间接宾语] lots of room [直接宾语] Read for General Understanding The avatar you choose says a lot about you. The article will help you understand your choice of avatars better. Read the paragraph silently. Then, mark these 3 things (with lines or notes): Examples of how avatars show personality (e.g., “cute cat” avatar means “liking relaxation”). Common features of avatars (how they look or are designed). Differences between avatars and real life, and the reason (why people make these differences). Of course, the avatar you choose says a lot about your personality. If your blog avatar is a picture of a cute cat, your message is “I like relaxing and having fun”. Well-known cartoon characters or laughing monkeys say “I’m a really funny person”. Most people create avatars that have similar features to their personalities and that look more or less like them and act like them. However, nearly all avatars are tall, young and nice-looking, so people obviously make their avatars look better than they do in real life. They also experiment with things like different hairstyles — which says a lot, perhaps, about what they want to look like. Of course, the avatar you choose says a lot about your personality. If your blog avatar is a picture of a cute cat, your message is “I like relaxing and having fun”. Well-known cartoon characters or laughing monkeys say “I’m a really funny person”. Most people create avatars that have similar features to their personalities and that look more or less like them and act like them. However, nearly all avatars are tall, young and nice-looking, so people obviously make their avatars look better than they do in real life. They also experiment with things like different hairstyles — which says a lot, perhaps, about what they want to look like. 单词 音标 释义 例句关联 avatar /ˈævətɑː(r)/ 头像 the avatar you choose personality /ˌpɜːsəˈnæləti/ 性格 says a lot about your personality feature /ˈfiːtʃə(r)/ 特征 similar features to their personalities hairstyle /ˈheəstaɪl/ 发型 different hairstyles Of course, the avatar you choose says a lot about your personality. If your blog avatar is a picture of a cute cat, your message is “I like relaxing and having fun”. Well-known cartoon characters or laughing monkeys say “I’m a really funny person”. Most people create avatars that have similar features to their personalities and that look more or less like them and act like them. However, nearly all avatars are tall, young and nice-looking, so people obviously make their avatars look better than they do in real life. They also experiment with things like different hairstyles — which says a lot, perhaps, about what they want to look like. 1.say a lot about​ 含义：很大程度反映（≠ “说很多”）​ 例句：The avatar says a lot about your personality. 2.look like / act like​ 含义：看起来像 / 表现得像​ 例句：Avatars look more or less like them and act like them. 3.experiment with​ 含义：尝试（新事物）​ 例句：They experiment with different hairstyles.​ If your blog avatar is a picture of a cute cat, your message is “I like relaxing and having fun”. 条件状语从句（If...）​ 结构：If + 条件，主句（一般现在时，表规律）​ Most people create avatars that have similar features to their personalities and that look more or less like them and act like them. 定语从句（that...）​ 功能：修饰名词（如 avatars），说明 “什么样的头像” that 指代 avatars，在从句中作主语 → “具有和性格相似特征的头像”。​ However, nearly all avatars are tall, young and nice-looking, so people obviously make their avatars look better than they do in real life. 结果状语从句（so...）​ 结构：原因 + so + 结果 They also experiment with things like different hairstyles — which says a lot, perhaps, about what they want to look like. 非谓语动词：like 的 “双重身份”​ ① 动词（喜欢）：like + doing（表习惯 / 爱好）​ 例句：I like relaxing and having fun.（我喜欢放松、玩乐。）​ ② 介词（像）：like + 名词 / 动名词（表举例） In "I like relaxing and having fun", "like" is a _______.（ ）​ A. Preposition​ B. Verb​ C. Adjective​ D. Adverb Read for General Understanding The avatar you choose says a lot about you. The article will help you understand your choice of avatars better. Use red to mark examples of how avatars show personality (e.g., moving/talking avatars), blue for common features like how they’re made or act, and green for differences between avatars and real life (e.g., flying in virtual worlds) plus their reasons (fear of real meetings or wanting exciting virtual lives). Nowadays, avatars are everywhere. In most web chats, people choose an avatar from a selection of ready-made images, or create their own images. You can also use avatars that move around and talk when you type in your message. The avatars in online worlds can talk, walk and fly around, meet people, go shopping and attend classes. The use of avatars has also caused a few concerns. Some users worry that they are spending so much time in virtual worlds that they are becoming afraid of meeting people in the real world. The use of several avatars can also be a risk, as people can use avatars to cheat others online. However, other users view avatars in a more positive light. They look forward to a time when their avatar will act like a real person and travel around bigger, more exciting virtual worlds. avatar ready-made concern cheat look forward to 虚拟形象 → Choose an avatar from ready-made images. 现成的 → Ready-made avatars save time. 担忧 → The use of avatars causes concerns. 欺骗 → People may cheat others with fake avatars. 期待（to 为介词，接动名词） → They look forward to exciting virtual worlds. 并列结构​ 动作平行（and 连接）​ 例句：Avatars can talk, walk, fly, meet people, go shopping and attend classes.​ 结构：情态动词 can + 多个动词原形（talk/walk/...）由 and 连接​ 关键点：并列成分需保持形式一致（均为动词原形）​ 选择平行（or 连接）​ 例句：People choose avatars from ready-made images, or create their own.​ 结构：两个动词短语（choose.../create...）由 or 连接​ 关键点：or 前后成分需对称（均为动词短语）​ Read the article again. Complete the information below. The first simple 2D avatars appeared in role-playing computer games. Avatars were being used in web chats like instant messenger. The avatar you choose says a lot about your personality and avatars let you express yourself. Avatars give you room for creativity. People can create avatars and create new identities that do not look or act like their real selves. People spend so much time in virtual worlds that they are becoming afraid of meeting people in the real world. People look forward to a time when their avatar will act just like a real person and travel around bigger, more exciting virtual worlds. Pair Work Ask and answer questions about avatars using the information in Activity 4. Then introduce avatars to your partner. What is...? → An avatar is a virtual image that... How have...? → First, they appeared in...; Then, they were used in... How do people...? → People use avatars to... and to... What are views...? → Some people worry that..., while others look forward to... Group Work Think and share. What does the writer mean by "the avatar you choose says a lot about your personality"? Do you agree with the writer? Give examples to support your opinion. Can you give examples of the risks of using avatars? What can you do to prevent such risks? 1 An avatar is the digital identity you use online. 2 The first simple 2D avatars appeared in role-playing computer games in the 1980s. By the late 1990s, they had been used in web chats like instant messenger. Nowadays, avatars are everywhere. 3. People can choose an avatar from a selection of ready-made images, or create their own images. People use avatars to express themselves. They use avatars to create new identities that did not look or act like their real selves. They also have different avatars for different situations. People also use avatars to present themselves. They use or create avatars that have similar features to their personalities and that look more or less like them and act like them. But people obviously make their avatars look better than they do in real life. 4. Some users worry that they are spending too much time in virtual worlds and the use of several avatars can also be a risk. Others view avatars in a more positive light. They look forward to a time when their avatar will act like a real person and travel around bigger, more exciting virtual worlds. identities a selection create your own images express yourself room for creativity a few concerns in virtual worlds a risk cheat others online a positive light 时态辨析：过去时（P） vs. 过去将来时（PF） 讲义 一、核心概念回顾 过去时（Past, 简称 P）： 描述过去某个时间点发生的动作或存在的状态，动词常用过去式（如 knew, started, discovered 等)。 过去将来时（Past Future, 简称 PF）： 站在过去的时间点 上，描述过去看来 “将来会发生” 的动作或状态。 常见结构： would + 动词原形（如 would have, would be seen）； was/were going to + 动词原形（如 were going to have） people knew： knew 是 know 的过去式，描述 过去（某个时间）人们 “知道” 这个动作 → P。 future avatars would have： would have 表示：在 “knew” 的过去时间里，人们预想 未来的化身 “将会有” 多样形式 → 站在过去看未来 → PF。 句子 1 Yet, very few people knew that future avatars would have such a wide variety of forms and uses. people started： started 是 start 的过去式，描述 过去 “开始” 创建化身的动作 → P。 they discovered： discovered 是 discover 的过去式，描述 过去 “发现” 的动作 → P。 they were going to have： were going to + have 表示：在 “discovered” 的过去时间里，人们发现 未来 “将会拥有” 创造新身份的能力 → 站在过去看未来 → PF。 句子 2 When people started creating their own avatars, they discovered that they were going to have the power to create new identities... Many Internet users realised： realised 是 realise 的过去式，描述 过去 “意识到” 的动作 → P。 their avatars would be seen： would be seen（would + 被动语态）表示：在 “realised” 的过去时间里，人们预想 未来的化身 “将会被（很多人）看到” → 站在过去看未来 → PF。 句子 3 Many Internet users realised that their avatars would be seen by many people... 三、总结规律 过去时（P）：直接描述 过去发生的动作 / 状态，动词用过去式。 过去将来时（PF）：隐含 “过去的视角 + 未来的事件”， 常用 would... 或 was/were going to... 结构。 通过以上分析，尝试给下面的句子标注 P/PF 吧！（自主练习拓展） She said she would come to the party. () They decided to go on a trip after they finished work. ( ; _____) 1. In the 1990s, few people knew that ... 方向 1（互联网影响） 方向 2（科技产品） 方向 3（社交模式） the Internet would change how people communicate / shop / make friends. smartphones would become a must - have in daily life. online communities would grow into global social networks. 2. When computers were invented, it was believed that ... 方向 1（使用场景） 方向 3（功能预判） 方向 2（家庭普及） they would only be used in big companies / scientific research. computers would just be tools for calculations. computers would just be tools for calculations. 3. In the 1990s, users of smartphones realised that ... 方向 1（功能拓展） 方向 3（社交突破） 方向 2（娱乐方式） their phones would be used for mobile payments / online banking. they would connect with people worldwide instantly. smartphones would replace cameras / MP3 players. 4. The convenience of the Internet made Internet users discover that ... 方向 1（工作模式） 方向 3（社交突破） 方向 2（教育形式） remote work would become common. they would connect with people worldwide instantly. online courses would change how people learn. 5. When avatars first appeared in the 1980s, few people believed that ... 方向 1（虚拟社交） 方向 2（游戏身份） avatars would be used to socialise in virtual worlds avatars would become key identities in online games. My avatar is a fox - shaped figure with rainbow - colored fur and a pair of glowing crystal horns. I created it this way because I love nature and magic. I would use it in virtual book - club worlds to discuss fantasy novels. My avatar is a fox - shaped figure with rainbow - colored fur and a pair of glowing crystal horns. I created it this way because I love nature and magic. I would use it in virtual book - club worlds to discuss fantasy novels. Lavf59.14.100 null 205151.8 $