Unit 3 Section Ⅴ Writing-【新课程学案】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册配套课件PPT（人教版）

该高中英语课件聚焦海洋探索议论文写作，通过“由课文学写作”引导学生从课文中总结辩论性议论文结构（Argument、Evidence、Restatement），学习PEEL结构及逻辑衔接方法，结合提能训练和写作指导搭建学习支架，帮助学生从文本分析过渡到独立写作。 其亮点在于融合语言能力与思维品质培养，通过课文实例解析PEEL结构、正反观点表达及逻辑衔接词运用，提供句型转换、素材储备和参考范文，助力学生构建严谨论证逻辑。采用读写结合的学科特色教学方法，既提升学生议论文写作能力，也为教师提供系统教学资源，提高教学效率。

Section Ⅴ　 Writing 写作项目——Write an argumentative essay on sea exploration 本单元的写作任务是写一篇关于海洋探索的议论文。议论文是以议论为主要表达方式，运用一定的材料通过一定的论证方法来表明自己的立场、观点或态度的文体。议论文一般由论题、论点、论据论证和结论构成。在议论文中，作者先就论题(某一问题或现象)提出论点，然后辅之以相关的论据并在此基础上进行论证，以使读者同意自己的看法，最终得出结论。 目 录 由课文学写作 写作项目指导 课时跟踪检测 写作素材储备 由课文学写作 一、学写作架构 阅读课文，总结本课 的篇章结构如下: 二、学要点构思 课文采用了PEEL结构，其中P代表Point(观点)，E代表Evidence (论据)，E代表Explanation (解释)，L代表Link (衔接)。如Text 2第一句阐明观点，要更好地了解我们的星球，就必须探索占据地球大部分面积的海洋。紧接着，作者就反对者的担忧提出第一个分论点，即为了更好地理解和解决气候变化等全球问题，我们需要进行海洋探索行动。第二段是第二个分论点，指出海洋探索有利于人类更好地管理资 源，并以生物研究、医药开发、地震预测等为例。第三段是第三个分论点，指出海洋探索事关未来的人类生存。第四段，作者再次回应反对意见，突出环保和发展之间需要谋求平衡。 三、学行文逻辑 议论文侧重以严密的推理来揭示事物的本质和规律，表明作者的观点和态度，上下文之间应有密切的逻辑关系。如Text 1在提出分论点后用also， because of， but if， although等进行进一步的分析解释，层次清晰，逻辑严谨。 提能训练/完成句子 ①I admire Tu Youyou a lot _______________________________ to the world. 我非常钦佩屠呦呦，因为她对世界做出了巨大的贡献。 ② ___________________ and in a bad mood， I still felt warm and happy. 尽管我疲惫且心情不好，但是我依然感受到了温暖和幸福。 because of her great contributions Although I was tired ③ _________________________ and keep a positive attitude， the opportunities are limitless. 但如果你下定决心，保持积极的态度，机会是无限的。 But if you stay determined 四、学逻辑衔接 为使论证更具权威性，增强说服力，议论文的写作中常运用下列手法： 1．列举确凿、典型的事实或数据来证明论点，如Text 1 中的“... spilled over 200 million gallons of oil into the sea in 2010”。 2．列举典型的例子进行论证，如Text 2 中的“For example， scientific research ships can help address important issues such as climate change”。 3．运用因果关系进行论证，如Text 1中的“Because of climate change， there is less ice now”。 写作项目指导 Write an argumentative essay on sea exploration ——写一篇关于海洋探索的议论文 第一步:构思谋篇 文章 结构 首段 引入讨论话题 中段 列举正方和反方的观点并说明理由 尾段 照应论点，得出结论 时态及人称 以一般现在时为主；以第一人称为主 第二步:要点表达 第一部分：引入讨论话题 ①开门见山： The exploration of the sea is a topic that ___________ _______________________ . 海洋探索是一个引发了极大兴趣和争论的话题。 ②提出疑问：____________________________ the vast mysteries that lie beneath the surface of the sea? 你是否曾经想知道隐藏在海洋表面之下的巨大奥秘呢？ has aroused great interest and debate Have you ever wondered about ③引用相关数据或事实： It is astonishing that _______________________________________ ___________ . 令人惊讶的是，超过 80%的海洋仍然未被探索。 ④讲述一个与海洋探索相关的小故事或例子： The story of __________________________ in the deepest part of the sea highlights the significance of continuous exploration in the marine world. 在海洋最深处发现新物种的故事凸显了在海洋世界持续探索的重要性。 the discovery of a new species more than 80 percent of the sea remains unexplored 第二部分：列举正方和反方的观点并说明理由 1. 引出正反观点 ①However，_____________________ . 然而，任何事物都有两面性。 ②Opinions __________ person to person. 观点因人而异。 every coin has two sides vary from 2.正方观点 ①70% of us think the sea is worth exploring，__________________ ________________ .我们中70%的人认为海洋值得探索，这对人类有益。 ② _____________________________ ， we must explore the sea. 为了更好地了解我们的星球，我们必须探索海洋。 ③That's because it will __________________________________ new sources of food and energy. 那是因为它将使人们有可能发现新的食物和能源来源。 which is beneficial to human beings To better understand our planet make it possible for people to discover 2.反方观点 ①30% of us think sea exploration is not worthwhile，___________ ______________________________ . 我们中30%的人认为海洋探索不值得，认为它会污染海洋。 ②Some people hunt marine animals without mercy，____________ __________ . 有些人残忍地猎杀海洋动物，导致它们灭绝。 holding the opinion that it will pollute the sea causing them to die out 第三部分：照应论点，得出结论 ①____________ ， we must strike a balance between the protection and exploration of the marine ecosystem. 在我看来，我们必须在保护和探索海洋生态系统之间取得平衡。 ②____________ ， sea exploration has both its merits and demerits， and a balanced approach is needed. 总之，海洋探索既有优点也有缺点，需要一种平衡的方法。 In my view In conclusion ③ Finally， ________________________________________ while also ensuring its sustainability and minimizing negative impacts. 最后，我们应该鼓励进一步的海洋探索，同时也要确保其可持续性并尽量减少负面影响。 we should encourage further sea exploration [针对练笔] 最近，你班同学就“Is it better to employ self－study or teamwork study？”进行了讨论，大家观点不一。请你写一篇短文，介绍此次讨论的情况并阐述自己的看法，然后发表在校报上。词数80左右。 参考范文： A lively discussion was held in our class about whether it is better to employ self－study or teamwork study. There are different ideas concerning the topic. 55% of the students support self－study. Not only can it avoid interruption from others but it can also develop our ability to think independently. Besides， it will be much easier for us to gain a sense of achievement. On the other hand，45% of the students think that teamwork study can help create a more enjoyable learning atmosphere and develop the spirit of cooperation. From my point of view， both of them have their own advantages and disadvantages， so individuals should choose the learning style that is suitable for themselves. 写作素材储备 (一)写作佳句 Ⅰ.介绍讨论的主题(开头句) 1．We had a discussion/debate about whether it was necessary to ... 我们讨论是否有必要…… 2．We've had a survey on ... 关于……我们做了一项调查。 3．I'm writing to tell you about a discussion we have had about ... 我写信告诉你我们有关……的讨论。 4．No one could have failed to notice the fact that ... 没有人会不注意……这个事实。 5．As we all know， ... 众所周知，…… Ⅱ.过渡句 1．Opinions are divided on this issue. 在这个问题上观点有分歧。 2．Opinions are mainly divided into two groups. 观点主要分为两组。 3．Different people， however， have different opinions/think quite differently on this matter. 然而，不同的人对这个问题持有不同的观点。 Ⅲ.介绍正方观点 1．45% of the students hold the view that ... For one thing， ... For another， ... 45%的学生持……的观点。一则，……；再则，…… 2．60% of the students are for the idea. 60%的学生支持这个观点。 Ⅳ.介绍反方观点 1．On the contrary/However ... 相反/然而…… 2．Nearly half of the students think that ... 近一半的学生认为…… 3．On the one hand， ... on the other hand， ... 一方面，……；另一方面，…… Ⅴ.陈述自己的观点 1．Personally/As far as I am concerned/In my opinion/From my point of view/In my view， I support ... 在我看来，我支持…… 2．To conclude/To sum up/In conclusion ... 总之，…… (二)主题语段 With Sea Conservation Day approaching， various opinions on sea exploration emerged. Here I want to share mine. As we all know， the sea occupies a large portion in the world， which makes it a big habitat of many sea creatures and has a big impact on our life， such as water resource， food resource， climate， etc. Therefore， sea exploration is a must for our survival. Besides， to better protect the sea， we should have a good knowledge of it. 随着海洋保护日的临近，关于海洋探索的各种说法也层出不穷。在这里我想分享一下我的看法。众所周知，海洋在世界上占据了很大的份额，这使它成为许多海洋生物的重要栖息地，并对我们的生活产生了重大影响，如水资源、食物资源、气候等。因此，海洋探索是我们为生存必做之事。此外，为了更好地保护海洋，我们应该对它有很好的了解。 课时跟踪检测 一、写作专项训练 Ⅰ.句型转换(6分) 1．Making people realize the importance of protecting oceans is necessary.(用it作形式主语升级) → _________________________________________________ ________________ . It is necessary to make people realize the importance of protecting oceans 2．We all know that marine life diversity is an important part of the global creature diversity.(用定语从句升级) → ____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________ . As is known to all/As we all know， marine life diversity is an important part of the global creature diversity 3．The South China Sea has a wide and unique array (大量) of tropical marine lives. We will improve our understanding of life on the earth there.(用定语从句合并句子) → __________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ . The South China Sea has a wide and unique array of tropical marine lives， where we will improve our understanding of life on the earth Ⅱ.应用文写作(15分) 近年来，海洋生态系统遭到破坏，很多海洋生物已经灭绝，这引起了全世界的关注。假定你是李华，你所在的学校正在举行有关“生态保护”的英语演讲比赛，请用英文写一篇演讲稿参加比赛。内容要点如下： 1．人们应该意识到保护海洋的重要性； 2．政府应当采取有效的措施保护海洋生态； 3．我们要提高自身的环保意识，努力保护海洋生态。 注意:1.写作词数应为80左右; 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Good morning， everyone! That's all. Thank you! 参考范文: Good morning， everyone! Recent years have witnessed the serious damage to the marine ecosystem and the extinction of many creatures in the sea， about which the whole world is deeply concerned. For one thing， people should be aware of the importance of protecting the ocean. As a matter of fact， to protect the ocean is to protect human beings. For another， it is urgent that the government should take immediate measures to keep the balance of the marine ecosystem. I'm sure that only by raising our awareness of environmental protection and making great efforts can we solve the problem. That's all. Thank you! Ⅲ.读后续写(25分) 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Banjo woke up early this morning. He pulled hard at his sister Mog's sleeping bag. “Get out of that，” he said. “It's a great day for exploring.” After breakfast， they put their boots and packs on， and then set off down the overgrown track. Having been walking for a while， Mog suddenly stopped. “Look，” she said， pointing through the trees. “An old hut with an old car. Someone must have lived here years ago.” “Maybe they're still there，” said Banjo. “I don't think so，” said Mog. “Why would anyone want to live in that old dump？” “Well， let's just check.” Banjo threw a handful of stones at the hut door， making loud noise. Abruptly， an old man with gray hair and a beard rushed out of the hut， waving a frying pan and shouting， “What do you think you are doing? Get off my land! You are not allowed here！” Banjo and Mog had never seen anyone so frightening. His eyes were wide and he was swinging the frying pan around. “Run！” Banjo yelled. The two started running as if they were deer pursued by a hungry lion. Wild thoughts raced through Mog's mind. What if he caught them? He looked half crazy. They kept running for quite a while. Banjo was well ahead of Mog. He glanced behind， no the hut man. Great. Wait， no Mog! Where was she？！ “Mog！” Banjo shouted. Silence. He could feel fear. Something terrible must have happened to Mog. Banjo felt it hard to breathe. Suddenly， he heard a faint sound， a depressed moan. Then he heard Mog's voice； it was a panicky voice from far away. “Help! Help！” He moved forward carefully towards Mog's voice， knelt down and found himself peering into a deep， dark hole. Mog was sitting at the bottom of the hole， sobbing， with her leg bleeding. Banjo could see the steep， slippery walls of the hole. There was no way he could save Mog out on his own. He could feel his heart pounding but he had to keep calm， for Mog's sake. 注意:1.续写词数应为150左右; 2.请按如下格式作答。 Banjo realized there was only one he could turn to. The hut man found a long rope and some wood and followed Banjo. 参考范文: Banjo realized there was only one he could turn to. Without hesitation， he rushed to the hut. His heart beating fiercely， Banjo knocked on the door cautiously. The door was open and there stood the old man， staring at him. Banjo gathered all his courage， murmured an apology and begged the old man to save Mog. With no reply， Banjo's heart sank and he ducked his head， trying to hide tears. At the critical moment， the old man turned around， searching for something. Banjo waited outside， worried and expectant. The hut man found a long rope and some wood and followed Banjo. Arriving at the hole， the hut man lit the wood so that they could see clearly into the depths of the hole. “Mog! Are you all right？” “No ...” answered Mog in a shaky voice. The hut man slowly threw one end of the rope into the hole with the other in his hands， “Fasten his rope to your waist and grasp it tightly. We will pull you out.” Mog did it accordingly. They finally made it! Tears in eyes， the two siblings looked at the kind and forgiving old man， saying in earnest， “Thank you so much.” 二、阅读拓展训练 With roaring ships， hammering oil drill， industrial fishing and coastal construction， humans have strongly influenced the underwater soundscape (声音景观) over the past couple of hundred years — in some cases posting a threat to whales， dolphins and other ocean creatures. Until recently， underwater sound pollution had not attracted the same attention. Now， a new paper published in the journal Science lays out the impacts， demonstrating that noise pollution can be just as harmful to the ocean environment as other kinds of pollution. Even the cracking of glaciers and any drop of rain falling on the water's surface can be heard deep under the sea. Sea life uses sound to study their habitat， and to keep in communication with each other. They also use sound by listening to know something about their environment. “It's a long－lasting problem that certainly weakens the animals all the way from individuals to populations，” says lead author Carlos M. Duarte， distinguished professor at Saudi Arabia's King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)， “We are hoping that this report will not only reveal elements of how humans impact the ocean through sound pollution， but that it will also bring the topic to the attention of policymakers who will be able to act based upon the very real solutions.” Marine (海洋的) ecologist Kirsten Thompson of the United Kingdom's University of Exeter， who was not involved in the study， said the report could not have come at a better time. “It summarizes the fact that we are in this new phase of human－caused noise in our oceans that is having a dramatic impact on different species.” What matters most， she notes， is the fact that the paper “doesn't just point at the problem， but it shows how to solve it”. Unlike plastic pollution or fertilizer runoff， noise pollution will not take years to fix. The moment we switch our noise off the impact disappears， Duarte says， pointing to marine life surveys conducted around April 5， 2020. Having the world use more renewable energy would lessen the need to drill for oil and gas. The international team of researchers also called for a global regulatory framework for measuring and managing ocean noise. 语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了噪声污染对海洋环境的危害。 1．Which of the following threatens ocean creatures? A．Travel industry. B．Human activities. C．Construction companies. D．Sailing off the coast. √ 解析:细节理解题。根据第一段第一句可知，人类活动制造的噪声严重威胁着海洋生物，故选B。 2．Why is noise pollution harmful to the ocean environment? A．Ocean animals can't fall asleep. B．It causes the cracking of glaciers. C．It's a signal to the lower sea level. D．It disrupts the behavior of sea life. √ 解析:推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Sea life uses sound ... about their environment.”可知，海洋噪声污染会扰乱海洋生物的行为，从而给海洋环境带来危害。故选D。 3．What can we learn from Kirsten Thompson? A．She is one of the paper's co－authors. B．The report does not come at the right time. C．The solutions are already available. D．The report has raised great attention from seamen. √ 解析:细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句可知，Kirsten Thompson认为研究已经找到了可行的解决办法。故选C。 4．What is needed to reduce the underwater noise? A．Technical advances and regulation. B．A policy to measure the depth of ocean. C．A global ban on drilling for oil and gas. D．Noise standards for cars and trucks. √ 解析:推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句可知，科技的进步和有效的监管是减少海洋噪声的有效方法。故选A。 本课结束 $