Unit2 Natural Disasters Grammar and usage 动词不定式导学案-2025-2026学年高中英语牛津译林版必修第三册

B3U2 Grammar防范自然灾害，攻克动词不定式 班级：__________ 姓名：_______________ 1、 主题词汇导入 地震n. 火山n. 救援v. 洪水n. 灾难n. 捐赠v. 干旱n. 幸存n. 警告v. 海啸n. 紧急情况n. 预防v. 2、 基本结构 形式 结构 例句 肯定式 We need to prepare for the typhoon. 否定式 They decided not to leave their home. 被动式 The victims are waiting to be rescued. 完成式 She seemed to have survived the earthquake. 3、 句法功能 1. 作主语 常用句型：It is + 形容词/名词 + to do sth.（it作形式主语） 例：It is necessary to learn first aid skills. 学习急救技能很有必要。 （1）台风来临前采取安全措施很重要。 It is important for us _________________________________ before a typhoon. （2）消防员进入燃烧的大楼很勇敢。 It was brave __________ the firefighters __________________________________. 2. 作宾语 后跟不定式作宾语的高频动词：want, refuse, promise, aim, attempt, struggle, seek, manage, fail等。 （1）Many countries plan _______________(send) rescue teams ________ the earthquake-hit area. （2）The survivors managed _______________(survive) for a week without food. 3. 作表语（置于be动词后） （1）首要目标是在灾难中拯救生命。 The first goal is _____________________________________________________. （2）唯一的选择是在安全的地方等待救援。 The only choice was _________________________________________________. 4. 作定语（后置修饰名词，表“将来/目的/用途”） （1）There was no time to think when the earthquake struck. _________________________________________________________________ （2）He was the only one to survive the earthquake. _________________________________________________________________ 5. 作状语（高考重点!!!表目的、结果、原因） 1 __________状语 常用形式：to do / in order to do / so as to do（so as to不放句首） （1）Volunteers work hard ________________________________. 志愿者努力工作以帮助无家可归的人。 （2）They used loudspeakers ___________________________________. 他们用扩音器警告居民洪水来临。 （3）为了提升学生的安全意识，我校将于下周一16：00至17:00举行地震安全演练。 _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ 2 __________状语 常用结构：only to do（意料之外的结果）、too...to..., enough to... （1）He returned home, only _______________(find) his house _______________(destroy) by the storm. 他回到家，却发现房子被风暴摧毁了。 （2）She was fortunate enough ___________________________________. 她很幸运，在地震中幸存下来。 3 __________状语 常用结构：be + 形容词 + to do（不定式说明产生情绪的原因） （1）听到无人遇难，我们感到宽慰。(be relieved to…) _________________________________________________________________________________________ （2）看到地震造成的破坏，他们震惊了。(be shocked to…) _________________________________________________________________________________________ （3）他为成为救援队的一员而自豪。(be proud to…) _________________________________________________________________________________________ 6. 作宾语补足语 1 接to do作宾补的高频动词：ask, tell, allow, encourage, warn, force, advise, invite, expect, remind The government asked citizens _______________(stay) indoors during the typhoon. I reminded him _______________(take) an emergency kit with him. 2 省to不定式 使役动词：make, let, have 感官动词：see, hear, watch, notice, feel, observe 注意：被动语态中需还原to I saw firefighters _______________(rush) into the burning building. →The firefighters were seen _______________(rush) into the building. 4、 易错点警示 主动表被动 他应受指责 He is to blame?（√） He is to be blamed?（×） 5、 链接写作 1. 书面通知·志愿者招募 A volunteer team will be organized _______________(help) the victims of the recent flood. The activity is aimed _______________(provide) food, water __________ emotional support to those in need. If you are willing _______________(join) us, please sign up at the Student Union office before Friday. 2. 倡议书·防范台风 We strongly suggest that families prepare emergency kits _______________(ensure) basic living needs. Meanwhile, local government will use media platforms _______________(update) the latest weather information. We call on everyone _______________(follow) the official _______________(guide) and stay indoors during the typhoon. 3. 续写·洪水救援 Looking at the rescue boat approaching, Mary was overwhelmed with _______________(relieve) to realize that they were finally safe. She _______________(hold) her parents' hands tightly, too grateful _______________(say) a single word. Looking back at the dark water, Mary realized that it takes more than courage _______________(survive) a disaster—it takes love, hope, __________ the kindness of strangers. She made a silent vow _______________(pass) on this kindness someday. 小结 动词不定式是英语语法的“瑞士军刀”——它小巧灵活，却能在句中扮演各种角色，表达意图、目的、结果和情感，是高考英语的必争之地。 参考答案（仅答案） 一、主题词汇导入 地震 earthquake | 火山 volcano | 救援 rescue 洪水 flood | 灾难 disaster | 捐赠 donate 干旱 drought | 幸存 survival | 警告 warn 海啸 tsunami | 紧急情况 emergency | 预防 prevent 二、基本结构 肯定式 to + 动词原形 否定式 not to + 动词原形 被动式 to be + 过去分词 完成式 to have + 过去分词 三、句法功能 1. 作主语 （1）to take safety measures （2）of; to enter the burning building 2. 作宾语 （1）to send （2）to survive 3. 作表语 （1）to save lives in the disaster （2）to wait for help in a safe place 4. 作定语 （1）地震发生时，没有时间思考。 （2）他是地震中唯一的幸存者。 5. 作状语 ① 目的状语 （1）to help homeless people （2）to warn residents of the flood （3）To raise students' awareness of safety, our school will hold an earthquake safety drill from 4:00 to 5:00 next Monday afternoon. ② 结果状语 （1）to find; destroyed （2）to survive the earthquake ③ 原因状语 （1）We were relieved to hear that no one was killed. （2）They were shocked to see the destruction caused by the earthquake. （3）He was proud to be part of the rescue team. 6. 作宾语补足语 ① to stay; to take ② rush; to rush 四、易错点警示 He is to blame.（√） He is to be blamed.（×） 五、链接写作 1. 书面通知 to help; to provide; and; to join 2. 倡议书 to ensure; to update; to follow; guidance 3. 续写 relief; held; to say; to survive; and; to pass 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $