Unit 2 Natural Disasters Grammar and usage 课件-2025-2026学年高中英语译林版必修第三册

Unit 2 Natural disasters Grammar and usage Review Lead-in 指出下列句子中的谓语动词和非谓语动词 The girl making up is very lovely. 非谓语 谓语 这个正在化妆的女孩很可爱。 We enjoyed the show given by these girls. 非谓语 谓语 我们喜欢这些女孩表演的节目。 Before the performance, she practiced many times to make sure that she could dance perfectly. 谓语 非谓语 在演出之前，她练习了很多次，以确保她能完美地跳舞。 1. Definition 谓语 动词 非谓语 动词 在句子中充当谓语的动词； 在句子中不充当谓语的动词； 非谓语动词 done : 过去分词 to do : 不定式 doing : 动名词 / 现在分词 2. Forms 3. Functions? 1. To finish the work on time is difficult. 2. He refused to help me. 3. Our parents expect us to go to a good university. 4. He is always the first man to come. 5. He got up early to catch the first bus. 6. I am happy to see you. 7. He hurried to the station only to find the bus had gone. 8. My dream is to go to a good university. 不定式在句子中可以做哪些成分？ 不定式： 主，谓, 宾，定, 状, 表，补 主 宾 宾补 定 目的状语 原因状语 结果状语 表 Conclusion 非谓语动词 to do : 不定式 3. Functions 可以充当除“谓语”之外的其他句子成分 主语 宾语 补足语（宾补/主补） 定语 目的状语 结果状语 Grammar and usage 动词不定式作定语和结果状语 1.名词或代词与动词不定式为主谓关系: Wendy was the first student to arrive at school. 动词不定式作定语 Tip 1:名词或代词通常被序数词, 最高级, the only, the last, the next等修饰 He was the best man to do the job. Tom was the only one to know the truth. 2.名词或代词与动词不定式为动宾关系: I have nothing to say. I have a meeting to attend. 动词不定式作定语 Tip 2.1:如果不定式是不及物动词, 需要加介词才能与名词之间构成动宾关系。 This is a good topic to talk about. I am looking for a room to live in. 我在找一间房子住。 2.名词或代词与动词不定式为动宾关系: Do you have anything to send? 动词不定式作定语 Tip 2.2:名词或代词是动词不定式的承受者时， 若句中另一成分是动词不定式的发出者，动词不定式用主动形式； 若否，则用被动形式。 Do you have anything to be sent? 3.名词或代词与动词不定式为同位关系: He expressed a wish to make a change. Who has the ability to do the work? We should have the courage to face any difficulty. They have found out a way to help the villages get rid of poverty. 动词不定式作定语 Tip 3:常接不定式作定语的抽象名词有: ability, attempt, chance, decision, need, opportunity, plan, promise, reason, time, way, wish等。 1.常放其修饰的名词或代词_____,且通常表示_____,有____形式; 2.与被修饰的名词或代词之间有一定的逻辑关系: ________、________、________。 后面 主谓关系 动宾关系 同位关系 动词不定式作定语 Tip 1:名词或代词通常被序数词, 最高级, the only,the last,the next等修饰 Tip 2.1:如果不定式是不及物动词, 需要加介词才能与名词之间构成动宾关系。 Tip 2.2:名词或代词是动词不定式的承受者时，若句中另一成分是动词不定式的发出者，动词不定式用主动形式（to do）；若否则用被动形式（to be done）。 Tip 3:常接不定式作定语的抽象名词有: ability, attempt, chance, decision, need, opportunity, plan, promise, reason, time, way, wish等。 将来 被动 1. He is usually the first ________ (come) and the last _______ (leave). 2. I have something ______ (tell) you. 3. Jack has no friends to play_______ 4. There may be an opportunity _______ (see) the famous star. 5. She is the best person _______ (take) this job. 6. He is the only one ________ (be) late. 7. Are you going to the meeting ____________(hold) next week? to come to tell to be held with to see Practice to take to be to leave 动词不定式作结果状语 动词不定式作结果状语，常见于以下结构： 1. 在 too＋adj./adv. ＋to… (太……而不能)结构中，表示反面结果。 It’s never too late to learn. The case was too heavy to be carried by a child. 2. 在 …enough to… (足够……)结构中。如： I was fortunate enough to get the ticket. The hall is large enough to hold 3,000 people. 4. 在 never to… (不再......)结构中，可以接后续的结果。 He left home, never to return. She left, never to be seen again. 3. 在 so＋adj./adv.＋as to… （如此......以至于......)结构中。 Jane sang so well as to come out first in the singing competition. She was so angry as to be unable to speak. 动词不定式作结果状语 We are not such fools as to believe him. She won’t be such a careless person as to forget to lock the door. 6. 在 such + (adj.)＋名词 +as to…（如此......以至于......) 结构中。 5. 在 only to… 结构中,不定式常表示没有预料到的结果 (结果却...) I hurried to the station, only to find the train gone. I rushed to the destination, only to find him not there. He returned after the war, only to be told that his wife had left him. 动词不定式作结果状语 不定式作结果状语常用于以下句型结构： ① ______________________(太......而不能) ② ______________________(足够......) ③ ______________________ (常表示意外的或事与愿违的结果) ④ ______________________ (如此......以致于......) ⑤ ______________________(不再......) so/such… as to do enough to do only to do too … to do 动词不定式作结果状语 never to ... Practice 1. The goods are too heavy ________(carry). 2. I hurried to his house, only ________(find) that he was not at home. 3. I ran to the school, only _____________ (inform) that I wasn’t admitted by Peking University. 4. This man was strong enough _______(lift)the heavy stone. 5. Dinosaurs have died out on the earth, never __________(see) again. to carry to find to be informed to lift to be seen $