Unit 6 Section 4 Focus on Language：Relative Clauses(3)-【新课程学案】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第二册配套课件PPT（北师大版）

该高中英语课件聚焦“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，通过学生真实语境故事导入，呈现含目标语法的例句，再系统解析关系代词选择、介词确定原则及与关系副词的转换，搭建从具体语境到抽象规则的学习支架。 其亮点在于以“一先二动三意义”原则培养思维品质，结合高考真题（如2024新高考Ⅰ卷写作）和真实语篇（张桂梅事迹）提升语言能力，通过“名词/数词/不定代词＋of which/whom”结构拓展学习能力，助力学生在运用中掌握语法，教师可高效开展教学。

Focus on Language： Relative Clauses(3) Section 4 课时目标 1.学习“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句的用法。 2.学会介词的确定以及与关系副词的转换。 3.能够在语境中运用“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句。 语境中体悟　 When in senior high school, I was tired of learning English. My parents made me join in a 30-day training in an English club.But I missed my parents very much and wanted to go home.My guide communicated with me face to face, from which I gained some useful instruction①. He also showed me a good partner, and we got along well with each other.Gradually I adapted to the life there.Every day I would like to talk to other teenagers and take part in a series of activities that the school held②. I should thank the guide who encouraged me to learn English③. Now I feel it interesting to learn English, into which I put my entire energy④. [语法入门] 句①是from which 引导的定语从句，修饰前面一整句话。 句②是that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词activities。 句③是who引导的定语从句，修饰先行词 the guide。 句④是into which引导的定语从句，修饰先行词English。 学案中理清　 一、介词后关系代词的确定　 1．“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句，当先行词指物时，介词后的关系代词用which；当先行词指人时，介词后的关系代词用whom； 2．介词后的关系代词不可用that或who； 3．介词后的关系代词一般不可省略。当介词位于定语从句的末尾时，可用that/which(指物)、that/who/whom(指人)作介词的宾语，作介词宾语的关系代词可以省略。 Is this the house in which Shakespeare was born? 这是莎士比亚在里面出生的房子吗？ This is the book for which you asked. 这是你要的书。 This is the book (which) you asked for. 这是你要的书。 [对点练]　(完成句子) ①(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)We had an art class in the park,___________________________________. 我们在公园里上了一堂美术课，鸟儿在那里欢快地歌唱。 ②He is a man of great experience,________________________ _______. 他是一个经验丰富的人，从他身上可以学到很多东西。 in which the birds were singing happily from whom much can be learned ③Now we have very advanced telescopes _____________________ _____________. 现在我们有非常先进的望远镜，通过它们我们可以研究天空。 ④She borrowed a lot of money to buy a new necklace, _________________________ for ten years to pay back all the money. 她借了很多钱买了一条新项链，为此她努力工作了十年才还清所有的钱。 through which we can study the skies for which she worked hard 二、关系代词前介词的确定　 介词确定三原则：一先二动三意义 一先：根据先行词的搭配习惯来确定。 I remember the day on which I settled in China. 我记得我在中国定居的那一天。 I remember the month in which I stayed there. 我记得我在那里住的那个月。 二动：根据从句中谓语动词的搭配习惯来确定。 This is the book on which I spent 5 dollars. 这是我花了5美元买的那本书。 This is the book from which I learnt a lot. 这本书让我学到了很多东西。 三意义：根据从句所表达的意义来确定。 My computer, without which I can't surf the Internet, crashed yesterday. 昨天我的电脑(系统)瘫痪了，没有它我不能上网。 [对点练]　(介词填空) ①(2025·全国Ⅱ卷写作)Please don't forget the deadline ___ which the article should be submitted. ②In the dark street, there wasn't a single person ___ whom she could turn for help. ③This special building is a place ___ which theatre is made and where children, artists, writers and anyone else have the opportunity to do creative things. ④I'll never forget the time ________ which I spent my childhood in the country. by to in during 三、“介词＋which”与关系副词when、where、why之间的转换　 1．“介词＋which”在定语从句中作时间、地点、原因状语时，相当于关系副词when、where、why。 The reason why (＝for which) this was difficult was that the team had limited resources. 这件事很困难的原因是这个团队的资源有限。 So long as you stick to it, the moment will definitely come when (＝at which) you can have your dream come true. 只要你坚持下去，你梦想成真的那一刻一定会到来。 Creating an atmosphere where(＝in which) employees feel part of a team is a big challenge. 创造一种员工感觉自己是团队一分子的氛围是一项巨大的挑战。 2．当定语从句中的谓语动词是短语而又不可分割时，那么该动词短语中的介词不能前置，如listen to、look at、look for、look into、call on、depend on、make use of、pay attention to、take care of等。 Is this the book (which/that) she is looking for? 这是她正在寻找的那本书吗？ [对点练]　(单句语法填空/句型转换) ①She still remembers the day ___ which (＝when) she won the prize. ②This is the house ___ which (＝where) I lived two years ago. ③We didn't know the reason why he refused our help. →We didn't know the reason _________ he refused our help. on in for which 四、“名词/数词/不定代词＋of which/whom”结构 介词前有时加名词、数词等，构成“名词/数词/不定代词＋of which/whom”结构，通常是非限制性定语从句，相当于“whose＋名词”或“of＋关系代词＋the＋名词”。该结构在定语从句中作主语。 Recently, I bought an ancient vase, the price of which was very reasonable. 最近，我买了一个古代花瓶，它的价格很合理。 The couple have two children, neither of whom lives with them. 这对夫妇有两个孩子，两个孩子都不和他们住在一起。 [对点练]　(完成句子) ①(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)Working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo's special education students, ______________ have emotional control issues. 在花园里工作似乎对哈拉米洛的特殊教育学生有镇静作用，他们中的许多人都有情绪控制问题。 ②There are 30 chairs in the hall, _____________ are new. 大厅里有30把椅子，其中大部分是新的。 many of whom most of which ③From time to time I will assign group work to be completed in class or short assignments to be completed at home, _____________ will be graded. 我会时不时地分配小组作业在课堂上完成或短期作业在家里完成，这两者都将被评分。 both of which [随堂应用体验] 用定语从句完成下面的短文 ①______________ (众所周知), Canada is a beautiful country ②____________________________(在那里有很大的林)．Canadians ③_____________________________ (我们所熟悉的) have a strong sense of protecting the environment.It's not surprising to see a bear in the middle of the road.It's usual for the drivers to wait for the bear to leave.They mustn't drive the bear away.There are laws ④___________ ______________(禁止捕杀动物的). As we all know in which there are large forests with whom we are familiar with which ban killing animals The environment ⑤__________________________ (野生动植物所生活的) is so good that a number of birds can be seen around people's houses. Besides, almost every family keeps pets, such as dogs, cats and horses, etc., ⑥___________________________________ (他们把它们当作家庭成员). People are living in an age ⑦_____________________ _______________________ (动物真的给他们带来了极大乐趣)． in which the wildlife is living which they take as their family members in which animals really bring them great pleasure 课时检测 第Ⅰ卷　语法强化训练 (一)单句语法填空(14分) (1)China has 56 ethnic groups, each of ______ has its own characteristics, forming the colorful Chinese culture. (2)David has been to many cities in China, of _______ Beijing has impressed him most. (3)On the second floor there are two rooms, the larger of _______ is used as a meeting room. (4)Soon the children in the camp had many new friends, with ______ they shared food, stories and projects. which which which whom (5)The wetland provides a perfect environment for birds and fish, some of ______ feed on insects. (6)Mike, with ______ I went to the concert, enjoyed it very much. (7)The age ___ which children can go to school is six in this country. which whom at (二)句型转换(20分) (8)They live in a house, whose windows are made of glass. →They live in a house,__________________________________. (9)He has two daughters, and both of them are college students. →He has two daughters,______________________________. (10)China has many waterfalls, and the largest is Huangguoshu Waterfall. →China has many waterfalls,_______________________________ _________. the windows of which are made of glass both of whom are college students the largest of which is Huangguoshu Waterfall (11)Can you think of a situation where this word is used? →Can you think of a situation _______________________? (12)There are a lot of famous Chinese scientists and of them Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize in 2015. →There are a lot of famous Chinese scientists, ________________ ____________the Nobel Prize in 2015. (13)This was the real reason why he was criticized by the teacher. →This was the real reason _______________________ by the teacher. in which this word is used of whom Tu Youyou was awarded for which he was criticized (14)The spread of the disease was a subject. More and more people were talking about it. →The spread of the disease was a subject,____________________ _______________________. (15)This kind of colorless gas is called oxygen. We can't live without it. →This kind of colorless gas, ________________________ is called oxygen. (16)The person you should send this letter to is Mr Ball. →The person _______________________________ is Mr Ball. about which more and more people were talking without which we can't live to whom you should send this letter (17)Later, the medicine was tested on malaria patients. Most of them recovered. →Later, the medicine was tested on malaria patients, _____________ _________. most of whom recovered 第Ⅱ卷　语篇综合训练 (一)阅读理解 A picture of 17-year-old Zhang Guimei has won great popularity on China's social media.The young girl with black-rimmed glasses and two short braids (辫子) is smiling brightly into the camera. Netizens are deeply touched by the fresh-faced girl in the picture, which is a far cry from Zhang's now aged and weathered face people are familiar with, as it tells a story of a woman who has devoted her life to promoting education in rural areas. Born in Northeast China's Heilongjiang Province in 1957, Zhang travelled to Yunnan at the age of 17 and has been helping girls from rural areas pursue education for over 40 years.Zhang helped establish the country's first senior high school to offer free education to girls from rural families.The school provides free education for girls. Despite having serious health problems, Zhang Guimei took morning classes with students for 12 years.She has also __________ 110,000 kilometers visiting her students' families over the years.Most of her salary and bonuses were spent on students.Since the school opened in 2008, it has seen more than 1,800 students progress to universities and colleges. racked up “I was built to be a mountain, not a creek, rising to the high peaks with the small valleys at my feet.I was born to be great, not worthless, standing on the shoulders of the giants, the petty cowards beneath me.” The motto of Huaping High School for Girls is also a true reflection of Zhang Guimei's strength and resolve. On 25 February, 2021 Zhang Guimei was given an award to mark the nation's poverty alleviation accomplishments and honour exceptional poverty fighters at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing. 语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了一个致力于农村教育的先进个人——张桂梅。 1．Why are netizens deeply moved by the photo? A．The girl's appearance catches their eye. B．They are familiar with Zhang's face. C．It reminds them of an admirable figure. D．It spreads wildly on China's social media. √ 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句及下文对照片上女孩故事的具体介绍可以推断出，网友们被这张照片深深打动是因为它让他们想起了一个令人钦佩的人物。 2．What does the underlined phrase “racked up” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Increased.　　　　 B．Collected. C．Extended. D．Gained. √ 解析：词义猜测题。根据下文的“110,000 kilometers visiting her students' families over the years”可以推断出，画线词的意思是“走过的路程加起来”，即“累计”的意思。 3．Which of the following best describes Zhang Guimei according to the text? A．Wealthy. B．Independent. C．Selfish. D．Determined. √ 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段前两句可以推断出，张桂梅是一个有决心的人。 4．Where does the text probably come from? A．A news report. B．A biography. C．A history book. D．A storybook. √ 解析：文章出处题。本文主要讲述了张桂梅致力于农村教育的先进事迹。由此可推知，本文最可能来自对先进人士进行报道的新闻报道。 (二)语法填空(15分) Like many young children, Vikas Jyani dreamed of ___ (be) a pilot as a boy.Living in a small village called Sarangpur in Hisar district, he did not let go of that dream and after years of struggle, ___ (succeed) in becoming a pilot.It was what he did after achieving his dream ___ would make headlines in the news. 5 6 7 With him growing up, the elders of the village always encouraged him ___ (go) for his dreams. ___ turn, he promised them that when he did become a pilot, he would take all of them together for a ride in a plane.And that was ___ (exact) what pilot Vikas Jyani did when the time came.He arranged for plane ___ (ticket) for all the 22 elders over the age of 70 years old in the village.The eldest was 90 years old, and the youngest 72 years old, most of ___ had never been on a plane in their lives and never thought there was a ___ (possible) that they would take in the view from above the clouds. 8 9 10 11 12 13 All the elders got to travel from New Delhi to Amritsar where they got to see the Golden Temple, Jallianwala Bagh and Wagah Border.Flying in a plane ___ (describe) as the best experience of their lives by many of the elders. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Vikas Jyani从小就有当飞行员的梦想，村里的老人也都鼓励他为梦想努力，他答应实现梦想后带着全村的老人坐一次飞机。梦想实现后，他兑现了自己的诺言。 14 5．being　考查非谓语动词。dream of doing sth.意为“梦想做某事”，为固定用法。 6．succeeded　考查动词时态。 succeed在此是谓语动词，与did not let 并列，所以应用一般过去时。 7．that　考查强调句型。“It was＋被强调部分＋that ...”为强调句型，此处被强调部分是“what he did after achieving his dream”，应用that引导。 8．to go　考查非谓语动词。encourage sb.to do sth.意为“鼓励某人做某事”。 9．In　考查介词。 in turn 为固定搭配，意为“反过来”。空处位于句首，首字母应大写。 10．exactly　考查副词。 空处修饰从句，应用副词形式。 11．tickets　考查名词复数。ticket是可数名词，因是为22个老人买飞机票，所以应用复数形式。 12．whom　考查定语从句。此句是“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，空处指人，应用whom。 13．possibility　考查名词。根据空前的“a”和空后的that从句可知，此处应用名词形式。 14．was described　考查时态和语态。 describe 与主语Flying in a plane之间是被动关系，且叙述的是过去的事情，所以应用一般过去时的被动语态。 本课结束 更多精彩内容请登录：www.zghkt.cn $