Unit 5 Section 4 Focus on Language：Relative Clauses (2)-【新课程学案】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第二册配套课件PPT（北师大版）

Focus on Language： Relative Clauses (2) Section 4 课时目标 1.掌握关系副词引导的定语从句的用法，并学会在语境中使用。 2.学会使用关系副词引导的定语从句描述经历过的一段历险故事。 语境中体悟　 In April 2017, two giant pandas from China arrived at a zoo in the Netherlands.There, they were welcomed to the Chinese-style compound where they were to live①. On 30th, May, after the preparations were complete, the day finally came when the pandas met their fans for the first time②.People were excited — the zoo is the only place in the country where it is possible to see pandas③. In fact, the last time there were pandas in the Netherlands was in 1987.And of course, the main reason why they were so excited④ is that pandas are just so cute! [语法入门] ①处为where引导的定语从句，修饰先行词the Chinese-style compound，where在从句中作地点状语。 ②处为when 引导的定语从句，修饰先行词the day，when在从句中作时间状语。 ③处为where引导的定语从句，修饰先行词the only place，where在从句中作地点状语。 ④处为why引导的定语从句，修饰先行词the main reason，why在从句中作原因状语。 学案中理清　 当引导定语从句的关系词在从句中作时间、地点、原因等状语时，应使用关系副词 when、where、why或“介词＋which”。本课主要讲关系副词引导的定语从句。关系副词的作用如下：①指代表示时间、地点、原因的先行词；②在从句中充当句子成分——状语，即在从句中起副词的作用；③起连接作用，把主句和定语从句连接起来构成主从复合句。 一、when引导的定语从句　 1．当先行词是表示时间的名词(如time、day、year、month、week等)，且在从句中作时间状语时，定语从句要用when引导。如： It was a time when I was addicted to chatting online with some guys whom I had never seen. 那是一段我沉迷于和一些我从未见过的人在网上聊天的时期。 We live in an age when more information is available with greater ease than ever before. 我们生活在这样一个年代——可以比以往任何时候都更容易获得更多的信息。 2．when可以转化成“介词＋which”的形式。 3．当先行词表示时间，且关系词在从句中作主语、宾语或表语时，不能用when，而要用关系代词that 或 which引导定语从句(作宾语时，关系词可省略)。 [对点练]　(完成句子) ①I still remember the time _________________________________. 我仍然记得我初为大学生的那段时光。 ②(2023·浙江1月高考写作)As my car neared the farm, my thoughts drifted back to the moment _____________________ from the spider's web. 当我的车接近农场时，我的思绪又回到了我从蜘蛛网中救出鸟的那一刻。 ③I'll remember the days __________________________. 我会记得和你一起度过的那些日子。 when I first became a college student when I rescued the bird (which/that) I spent with you 二、where引导的定语从句　 1．当先行词是表示地点的名词，包括具体地点名词place、school、house等以及抽象地点名词situation(情形)、position(位置)、point(地步)、case(情况)、stage(阶段)等，且关系词在从句中作地点状语时，定语从句要用where引导。如： Have you been to the place where Lu Xun once lived？你去过鲁迅的故居吗？ I have reached a stage in my career where I need to decide which way to go. 我的事业到了需要决定何去何从的阶段。 2．where可以转化成“介词＋which”的形式。 3．当先行词表示地点，且关系词在从句中作主语、宾语或表语时，不能用where，而要用关系代词that或which引导定语从句(作宾语时，关系词可省略)。 [对点练]　(完成句子) ①(2025·浙江1月高考写作) Classrooms,_________________________ _____________________________, turn out to be places that disturb the learning atmosphere. 教室里，一些学生在上课时偷偷拍摄短视频，结果扰乱了学习氛围。 ②(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)He picked me up at the bus station __________________________ four days before. 他在四天前让我下车的汽车站接我。 where some students secretly film short videos during lessons where he had dropped me off ③His father works in a factory _____________________________. 他的父亲在一家生产手机零件的工厂工作。 ④We have reached a point _______________________. 我们已经到了必须做出改变的地步。 ⑤(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)The next day my school launched an award presentation ____________________________________________ from my classmates and teachers. 第二天，学校举行了颁奖典礼，同学们和老师们为我鼓掌欢呼。 which/that makes cellphone parts where a change is needed where I received thunderous applause and cheers ⑥(2023·浙江1月高考)A professor led students to search for plants on campus,___________________________________________________ ___________. 一位教授带领学生们在校园里寻找植物，他向学生们展示了如何识别不同的植物及其用途。 where he showed how to recognize different plants and their usage 三、why引导的定语从句　 1．当先行词是表示原因的名词reason，且关系词在从句中作原因状语时，定语从句要用why引导。如： We don't know the reason why he turned his back on his former boss. 我们不知道他为什么背弃原来的老板。 Do you believe the reason why he was late for the party? 你相信他聚会迟到的原因吗？ 2．why可以转化成“for＋which”的形式，且why只能引导限制性定语从句。 3．若先行词为reason，但关系词在定语从句中不作状语，而是充当主语或宾语时，则用that或which引导定语从句。 [对点练]　 (1)完成句子 ①This is the reason ____________________________. 这就是他这么快离开的原因。 (2)一句多译 你知道他现在不在这儿的原因吗？ ②___________________________________________ ③_______________________________________________ why/for which he left so quickly Do you know the reason why he is not here now? Do you know the reason for which he is not here now? [随堂应用体验] 用适当的关系副词完成短文 Dear Kay， We're having an amazing time here in South Africa.Our accommodation is perfect.It is in a location ①_______ we can watch animals wandering past on their way to the waterhole.Sunset is the time of day ②______ we sit on the balcony and count how many giraffes or antelopes we can see.I guess this is the reason ③_____ this place is so popular.Next week, we are going to fly up to Zambia.That's one of the countries ④_______ you can visit the famous Victoria Falls. See you soon. Yours， David where when why where 课时检测 第Ⅰ卷　语法强化训练 (一)单句语法填空(20分) (1)Their child is at the stage _______ she can say individual words but not full sentences. (2)We have entered into an age ______ dreams have the best chance of coming true. (3)Self-driving is an area _______ China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line. (4)There was a long wait at the reception desk, ______ everyone was checking in. where when where where (5)We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, ______ the weather may be better. (6)Opposite is a school, ______ you can hear some lovely music. (7)The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere ______ his employees enjoy their work. (8)As the smallest child of his family, Alex is always longing for the time _____ he should be able to be independent. when where where when (9)The loss of big trees was greatest in areas ______ trees had suffered the greatest water shortage. (10)Kate will never forget the years ______ she lived with her home-stay family in China. where when (二)完成句子(10分) (11)This is the lab ___________________________________________. 这是我们以前做物理实验的实验室。 (12)I have forgotten the exact date _____________________________. 我忘了我参军的确切日期了。 (13)My granny was born in the year ___________________________. 我奶奶出生在第二次世界大战爆发的那一年。 where/in which we used to do physics experiments when/on which I joined the army when World War Ⅱ broke out (14)Kunming is a lovely city ________________________________ ______________. 昆明是一座美丽的城市，一年四季都可以看到鲜花。 (15)He couldn't give the teacher a good reason ________________ _______. 他无法给老师一个上学迟到的合理理由。 where/in which flowers are seen all the year round why he was late for school 第Ⅱ卷　语篇综合训练 (一)阅读理解 One quiet night, a big, wild bear shocked everyone by breaking into a hospital.In its mouth, it gently held a small, unknown animal, which was unusual for a bear to do.Hana, a calm young nurse, was amazed by the bear's behavior.While others ran away, she stayed, feeling the bear needed help.She tried to show the bear she meant no harm, and the bear seemed to understand her peaceful thoughts. The hospital workers quickly asked everyone to leave, but Hana wanted to assist the bear.She managed to guide the bear into a room, giving herself time to think.She realized the bear wasn't being unfriendly but was asking for help.Hana asked her friends for help, but they were afraid.Then, Steve, a skilled doctor and a good friend, agreed to help her.Together, they went back to the room where the bear waited, making a loud, worried sound. Hana and Steve followed the bear into the forest, feeling they needed to help right away.The bear took them to an old well where some animals were crying for help.With Peter, an animal expert, on the phone, they used a rope and cloth to safely lift the animals out.The bear watched, seeming to understand.Once the animals were safe, Hana and Steve needed to find a place for them.Fortunately, one of their friends knew a local home that could care for the special animals. Hana often went to see the animals at that place.She was happy when she got to know them.This was very different from the fear she had in the forest.Hana knew she had done the right thing by following the bear.It took her to a place where she got unexpected happiness and a strong friendship with her new animal friends. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位勇敢的护士与医生如何响应一只熊的求助，成功拯救被困小动物，并收获意外友谊的感人经历。 1．What was Hana's first reaction to the bear's presence in the hospital? A．She ran away because of fear. B．She hid in a room with other staff. C．She called the police immediately. D．She was amazed but still stayed calm. √ 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Hana, a calm young nurse, was amazed by the bear's behavior.While others ran away, she stayed, feeling the bear needed help.”可知，Hana对医院里出现的熊的第一反应是感到惊讶但仍然保持冷静。 2．Why did the bear enter the hospital? A．To look for food.　 B．To seek help. C．To find a mate. D．To make trouble. √ 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“She realized the bear wasn't being unfriendly but was asking for help.”可知，熊进入医院是寻求帮助。 3．How did Peter help Hana and Steve? A．He provided a rope for them. B．He went to the spot in person. C．He guided them on the phone. D．He found an animal shelter for them. √ 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“With Peter, an animal expert, on the phone, they used a rope and cloth to safely lift the animals out.”可知，彼得作为动物专家通过电话提供了指导。 4．Where might the text be taken from? A．A wildlife journal. B．A horror novel. C．A history textbook. D．A travel brochure. √ 解析：推理判断题。根据文章大意可知，本文讲述的是人与野生动物之间的互动以及救援行动，最有可能出现在有关野生动物的出版物中。 (二)语法填空(15分) As a nature photographer, I have to brave the elements.My favourite place to take photos is Yellowstone National Park, ___ the variety of wildlife is famous.But probably the bears are best known.These huge, strong animals can run ___ a speed of around 64 kilometres per hour and are also excellent swimmers. 5 6 Last spring in Yellowstone, I followed a path that took me through a dark forest.When I finally ___ (step) out of the trees, the view was breathtaking.An eagle flew over the snow-capped mountains, which were reflected in the still lake below.Concentrating on photographing this amazing scene, I suddenly had a feeling that I was being watched.Slowly, and with the camera still ___ (hold) to my eye, I turned ...and froze.Only metres away from me ___ (be) a bear.Time stood still as the bear and I both wanted to see who would move first.Somehow, I forced my finger ___ (press) the button. ___ second later, the bear turned and ran back into the forest.When I recovered from the shock, I looked at my camera.My most ___ (frighten) but magical experience was now captured forever in a single image. 7 8 9 10 11 12 From time to time, I look at the photo as a ___ (remind) to show respect to all animals.It is after all we who are the ___ (visit) to their world. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者作为自然摄影师在黄石国家公园的一次亲身经历，特别是与熊的偶遇和拍照的惊险过程。 13 14 5．where　考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句，先行词为Yellowstone National Park，在定语从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。 6．at　考查介词。at a speed of是固定短语，意为“以……速度”。故填at。 7．stepped　考查时态。根据上下文时态可知，空处时态应用一般过去时。故填stepped。 8．held　考查非谓语动词。此处为with复合结构，空处为非谓语动词作宾语补足语；宾语the camera与动词hold之间为被动关系，应用过去分词形式。故填held。 9．was　考查时态和主谓一致。根据上下文可知，本句时态为一般过去时；本句为倒装句，主语为“a bear”，谓语动词应用单数形式。故填was。 10．to press　考查非谓语动词。force ...to do ...是固定结构，意为“强迫……做……”。故填to press。 11．A　考查冠词。修饰名词单数，表示泛指，空处应用不定冠词修饰；second以辅音音素开头，且位于句首，首字母应大写。故填A。 12．frightening　考查形容词。修饰名词experience应用形容词，意为“令人害怕的”。故填frightening。 13．reminder　考查名词。根据不定冠词“a”可知，空处应用名词的单数形式作宾语。故填reminder。 14．visitors　考查名词复数。根据句中“we”和“are”可知，空处应用名词的复数形式作表语。故填visitors。 本课结束 更多精彩内容请登录：www.zghkt.cn $