专题05 阅读七选五（期中真题汇编，四川专用）高二英语下学期

专题05 阅读七选五 主题 01 人与自我 —— 生活与学习 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二下·四川省宜宾市叙州区东辰学校·期中） Smart Shopping Strategies for the Holiday Season It’s season for spending, as we look ahead to the end-of-year holidays and start shelling out money for different necessities. This year will be especially tough on budgets due to the high prices on just about everything. 1 ● Do clean up during seasonal sales. Companies are all trying to attract us to shop at the end of the year. You can find a lot of good deals, but you’ll want to start with a plan. 2 And that will help you determine which are important to you. ● Don’t be blinded by big markdowns. 3 You need to confirm that it’s actually a good deal by checking prices online. If you find a lower price, ask at the register for a price match or load up your virtual cart. Some stores will match their online prices and the prices of selected competitors. ● 4 Tools such as Price Tracker can help you purchase when prices hit rock bottom or close to it. And you can set up email alerts to be notified when prices drop. Also remember that policies vary by different retailers during the holiday shopping season. ● Don’t trust Ads on social media. 5 If you see something you want to buy in a post, check to make sure the company has a website with contact information, a physical address and a return policy. Also, search for reviews and complaints online and check the Better Business Bureau atBBB．org. A．Do buy low. B．Do use price trackers. C．Commercials could contain cheating descriptions. D．The sign of “50% off ” doesn’t mean it’s a bargain. E．Make a list, including models and features you want. F．To save more of your money, follow these dos and don’ts. G．Set aside some money in a bank account for emergency repairs. Passage 2 （24-25学年高二下·四川省眉山市眉山县级学校·期中） How to Study at Home Effectively Studying at home is comfortable and relaxing. However, it can be difficult to study at home effectively. Watching TV, eating snacks or looking through social media may take you away from your study. 1 . 2 Students of all ages should get at least eight hours of sleep every night. It's the best way to ensure that the brain is refreshed and ready to process all of the information during the day. A full night's sleep is especially important the night before a test. Study at the right time 3 . Some people are night owls (夜猫子) while others prefer the morning. Don't try to force yourself to study when your brain isn't at its best. Try to study when you are the most energetic, so that you are able to gain more information. Have a fixed study area Whether it's the kitchen table or the desk in your bedroom, it is necessary to create a fixed study area. Try to reserve (预留) your bed for sleeping and avoid studying in it. 4 . And keep your fixed study space organized so you can put more time into studying instead of looking for a pen or other things. Create a timetable Creating a timetable helps to organize your time. It is especially useful when you have different subjects to study. 5 . Set reasonable limits for how much time you spend studying each day, and break your study time into manageable periods of time. A．Get a good night's sleep B．Focus on important information C．Studying in bed can make you feel sleepy D．Here are a few ways to help you be effective E．Make sure that your study space is large enough F．Every student has his/her own daily highs and lows G．Write your schedule down so you can refer to it often Passage 3 （24-25学年高二下·四川省自贡市田家炳中学·期中） As a student, you have a lot of freedom when it comes to how you spend your time. But with that freedom comes the responsibility to make the most of your studying hours. Here are some tips to help you do just that. Create a schedule This means setting aside specific times for studying each day and then sticking to that schedule as closely as possible. Of course, there will be days when things come up, and you have to deviate(偏离) from your plan. 11 Break up your study sessions into smaller periods Our brain can only focus effectively for so long before we start losing concentration. 1 chances are much higher that you won't remember all of the information you're trying to learn. Instead, break up your study sessions into shorter periods of time, with breaks in between to help you relax and recharge. ·Find a study place that works for you 2 . Some people prefer to study in complete silence, while others find that some background noise helps them focus better. There is no right or wrong answer here-it's all about finding a place to study. that allows you to work as efficiently as possible. ·Take practice quizzes This will not only help you check your understanding of the concepts but also identify any area that may need more review. 3 ,it will be much easier for you to direct your study sessions accordingly and make better use of your time overall. 4 If you find that you're struggling to understand the material or just not making progress as quickly as you’d like,seek assistance in time. There is no shame in admitting that you need assistance. In fact, it can save lots of time in the long run by getting you the support you need early on. A．Learn to accept failure B．Don’t be afraid to ask for help C．So if you try to study for several hours once D．Make sure that every minute you spend studying counts E．However, try not to go off-track too often or for too long F．Where you study can also affect how effectively you use your time G．And once you know what specific topics or ideas you need to work on 主题 02 人与自我 —— 做人与做事 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二下·四川省凉山州西昌市·期中） Sleep is the foundation of wellness. However, millions of people struggle to get quality rest. Do you also have such trouble? 1 1 Exposure to natural sunlight in the morning boosts daytime alertness (警觉性) while helping manage melatonin (the sleep hormone) for night-time sleepiness. On the contrary, soft lights 2 hours before bed, and avoid blue light from screens, which tricks your brain into daytime mode. Master the 20-Minute Rule If you can’t fall asleep after 20 minutes, leave your bed. 2 . This prevents your brain from associating the bed with wakefulness, breaking the cycle of frustration. Cool Down to Power Down 3 . A cool environment copies your body’s natural temperature drop during sleep, signaling it’s time to rest. Bonus: Take a warm bath 1-2 hours before bed — the following cool-down enhances this effect. Breathe Like a Navy SEAL Practice the 4-7-8 breathing technique: breathe in through your nose for 4 seconds, hold for 7 seconds, breathe out through your lips for 8 seconds. This military-tested method can stimulate your parasympathetic nervous system (副交感神经系统). 4 . To conclude, persistence is the key. Pair these methods with a fixed wake-up time, even on weekends. Your body depends on rhythm, and small changes can produce dramatic improvements in sleep quality. A．Keep a daytime mode. B．Create a “Light Schedule”. C．It also reduces your heart rate and anxiety. D．Lower your bedroom temperature to 15-19℃. E．Engage in a quiet activity like reading until sleepy. F．You should clear your mind and continue to try to fall asleep. G．Try these evidence-based strategies and you’ll transform your nights. Passage 2 （24-25学年高二下·四川省成都市蓉城名校联盟·期中） Relationships function like a mirror. If you want to know how others treat you, the best starting place is to look at how you treat others. And if you don’t like the way you’re treated, change your own behavior, because you can’t change anyone else’s. 1 Instead of judging people by their past, stand by them and help them build their future. Everyone has a past. Some are a source of pride, and others are best left behind. 2 Therefore, instead of judging, stand by and support them as they move toward their future. Treat them with respect and make their journey your own. Listen with curiosity, speak with frankness, and act with honesty. Listening and curiosity allow relationships to develop. Speaking your truth allows people to be honest with themselves and with you. 3 Relationships need curiosity to thrive, frankness to deepen, and honesty to continue. 9 If someone is in need, lend a helping hand. Don’t do it only for the people you like and respect-that’s easy-but also for the ones who drive you crazy and those you don’t even know. Don’t do it with the expectation of getting something in return. Don’t try to make yourself great by making others look small. 4 The moment you belittle others because you are better than they are is the moment you prove you have no power. People tend to make others feel how they themselves feel, whether it’s great or small. If you can’t offer help, support, or love, at least do everything in your power not to hurt them or make them feel small. A．Do be kind to everyone. B．Treat everyone you meet with honor. C．What matters most is learning from their past. D．But whatever their past, people do change and grow. E．Acting honestly keeps relationships on a high standard. F．Here are several steps to take about how to treat people. G．Here are several principles to remember about how to treat others. Passage 3 （24-25学年高二下·四川省射洪中学校·期中） Do you have a passion for art? Believe it or not, you don’t need a special degree or certification to get your art career started. 11 . It’s definitely not impossible, however. With enough focus, drive, and determination, you might see your art goals become a reality. We’ve put together a list of tips and tricks to help you get started on your artistic journey. 12 . Give yourself a foundation with art skills. Art fundamentals, like perspective, anatomy (解剖), and composition are important building blocks in your art career. These skills may seem basic, but they’ll make a big difference in your future art pieces. Sign up for online classes. Pick an online class that fits your art niche. From traditional sketches to digital art, there are tons of classes out there that can help you refine specific art skill sets. Search online for classes run by professional artists — these are great, hands-on ways to improve your skills. A lot of professional classes cost money. 13 . Inquire about feedback. 14 . Friends or art acquaintances can be a big help. They can help point out areas of improvement, so you know what to focus on in the future. Go easy on yourself. Becoming a self-taught artist is a long journey. 15 . Instead, love and accept your art for what it is instead of expecting it to be of professional caliber right away. A．Learn the basics. B．Focus on painting techniques. C．Being a self-taught artist isn’t easy. D．Don’t compare your art to the real artists’. E．However, some universities offer free art classes. F．Ask a second pair of eyes to look at your artwork. G．And you don’t need to be an expert to experience art. Passage 4 （24-25学年高二下·四川省绵阳中学实验学校·期中） When was the last time you had to memorize a phone number? The chances are that it has been years, given that you can simply use your digital devices to memorize that number for you. In a world of digital information, a new phenomenon “digital amnesia”, which refers to the loss of our brains’ ability to remember information as we become dependent on technology to get data, is starting to spread across the country. 1 . Establish a screen-free day Start choosing one day of the week to put away your digital devices. If you need something to wake you up, avoid using your phone, as it’ll likely stimulate you to check your messages before you’re even stepping out of bed. 2 . 3 Instead of depending on your phone, set out to design a reliable workout plan, which uses printed instructions to train your memory. There are several techniques you can use, but whichever ones you choose, physical paper is the key. It allows you to exercise your brain to find the answer within the pages themselves, rather than turning to your phone for help. Simplify your digital life There is no denying that digital devices have made our lives extremely convenient. 4 . Although we can try to avoid using digital devices, it is undeniable that we will need them for certain tasks. Simplifying your digital life can help address digital amnesia. Removing what is not necessary can help you be less dependent on your devices. 5 . It can be a very effective tool, but its usefulness, or uselessness, entirely depends on your attitude. You have to learn how to use it correctly so that it doesn’t take over. A．Exercise your memory B．Stick to a practical plan C．Luckily, there are ways you can take to deal with it D．It can help you improve work efficiency and get organized E．By not staring at your devices, you’ll give your brain a break F．However, they can be harmful to our mental health and productivity G．Despite the so-called digital amnesia, technology does have its place in our lives 主题 03 人与社会 —— 科技与技术 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二下·四川省德阳市博雅明德高级中学·期中） Understand your pet’s body language Body language is different depending on what sort of animal you have chosen as your pet. 1 Understanding your pet’s body language will help you to be a better communicator, as you can even copy some of its movements, expressions and sounds to send your message in a way it understands. •When dogs feel stressed out or threatened, their eyes will look larger than normal. If your dog isn’t looking directly at you, but is looking out of the corners of its eyes so that you see a lot of the whites of the eyes, it might be about to have an aggressive outburst. 2 •If your cat looks at you and blinks at you slowly, it’s likely communicating affection. 2 For cats, closing one’s eyes in the presence of another is a way to show trust. If your cat feels threatened, its tail will likely be upright; its back will likely be arched, too. • 3 If your bird’s pupils (瞳孔) enlarge and shrink rapidly, this can be a sign that it’s excited or greatly interested, or scared or angry. 4 Birds will shake their feathers while cleaning themselves; if their feathers remain shaking, however, this could mean they’re unwell, in which case, take them to an animal doctor for a checkup. A．Pets’ health depends on your daily care. B．You can do this back to your cat to show your love, too. C．The context is important in telling which emotion it might be. D．Birds can be quite expressive through their eyes and feathers. E．If your dog is feeling stressed or aggressive, its wide eyes will be accompanied by a rigid body. F．Once familiar with each other’s presence and body language, cats and dogs can play together. G．If you’re unsure of your pet’s body language, consider reading some articles about your specific animal. Passage 2 （24-25学年高二下·四川省成都市十二中（川大附中）·期中） AI Voice Cloning Attack It is reported that in 2023, $2.7 billion was lost to imposters (冒名顶替者). How to protect your money? There is one answer: 1 . There’s no doubt that AI has allowed scammers (诈骗犯) to clone a person’s voice in three seconds, giving them an easy avenue to launch a broad range of scams and disinformation attacks. The following are efficient ways to avoid it. Switch to Automated Voicemail Messages You may set up a customized voicemail greeting that callers hear when trying to reach you. However, these recordings are long enough for scammers to record and capture the voice into AI voice cloning platforms. 2 . To change your voicemail from your voice to the automated message, simply click on the voicemail icon in the phone app, and then select greeting in the top left corner and select default. 3 One of the most common tricks is the “imposter family member scam”. Scammers use AI cloned voices to imitate the voice of a loved one and make it sound as if they need immediate financial insistence. To avoid falling victim to these scams, consider having a safe word that only your family knows to use in emergencies. Avoid Voice Confirmation Accounts that use voice biometric confirmation are becoming an increasing target. Any time a person needs to create new speech samples to log into accounts, these voice samples are often saved to consumers’ phones, making them easy targets for scammers to capture. 4 . Do Not Speak First to Unknown Numbers If you answer a call from an unknown number, wait for the person or voice on the other end of the line to speak first. 5 . Thus, the less you say, the better. Knowing about the latest cyber threats can help you, your friends and your family keep safe from becoming victims. A．Defend your voice B．Create a Family Safe Word C．Make an Emergency Signal D．Luckily, there is a simple fix for it E．Facial recognition does provide an alternative F．Your money is easily withdrawn by scammers using fingerprints G．As mentioned earlier, scammers only need a few seconds to record your voice Passage 3 （24-25学年高二下·四川省成都市金牛区成都七中万达集团学校联考·期中） As the snow melts and flowers begin to bloom, many of us look forward to experiencing warmer weather and brighter, longer days. 1 While the act of sorting and dusting aren’t necessarily fun, getting the house cleaned and organized is good for your mental health for several reasons. 2 Spring cleaning is an example of what psychologists refer to as “temporal landmarks” . Those are the moments in the time that signify a change, like a new term at school. A well-organised or redecorated living room might help your brain make that shift that you’re entering into a new phase of the year. It gives you a sense of control. 3 Cleaning your house is a great way to achieve that. After all, you might not be able to control the price of groceries, but you can control how organised your desk is. And while you can’t control the weather, you can control how comfortable your home feels. It may set other good habits in motion. 4 Getting your house in order may motivate you to get other areas of your life in order. You might feel inspired to get more exercise now that you’ve removed the stuff on your treadmill (跑步机), or you might go to sleep earlier because your room feels more peaceful. It can improve social life. If you’ve ever felt uneasy about the condition of your home to let anyone come inside, you’re not alone. 5 However, a cleaner space might help you feel more comfortable about opening up your home to others. A．It signals a fresh start. B．It enables you to embrace changes. C．Good habits can have a snowball effect. D．We feel best when we take charge of the things that we do have control over. E．Spring cleaning is the practice of thoroughly cleaning a house in the springtime. F．But this season can also bring with it a sense of anticipation(预期) for spring cleaning. G．Sometimes, the embarrassment of a messy house keeps people from hosting dinner parties. Passage 4 （24-25学年高二下·四川省天立集团·期中） Many films and TV shows will tell you that sharks are scary and often eat beach–goers. 1 Sharks play an important ecological role in the ocean. Many of these fish are top predators (捕食者). They can help control populations of other animals. However, other sharks serve as clean- up crews, chowing down on migrating (迁徙的) birds when they fall out of the sky. 2 Migrating land-based birds that fall from the sky as they cross the Gulf of Mexico can end up in the belly of a young tiger shark. But not all sharks are meat-eaters. 18 As a group, sharks are much, much older than we are. The first shark— like fish appeared more than 400 million years ago. 3 Some have saw— toothed noses, and some may have big hooks on their heads. 4 They have super-sensitive noses and use snouts (鼻子) to find weak electrical signals from their food. Scientists are even trying to design materials to imitate shark’s bacteria-battling skin. A．But that’s simply not true. B．There are many different birds. C．Sharks also have a lot of fascinating talents. D．They usually migrate in a very long distance. E．Some are peaceful plant- eaters, like the whale shark. F．Since that time, they’ve existed in many different forms. G．Tiger sharks, for example, eat migratory birds that fall out of the sky. 主题 01 人与自我 —— 生活与学习 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二下·四川省遂宁市射洪市射洪中学校·期中） If the only reading you ever do is the novel or magazine, the speed at which you read -probably does not matter very much. But if you have to read a great deal for study, you will appreciate the benefits of being able to read more quickly. 1 ·Before you open the book, make sure that you are comfortable. You need a seat which supports your back and the book should be at the right distance from your eyes. 2 3 Look at the table of contents, the preface, the chapter heading,etc.This will help you to decide whether you really need to read the whole book or only certain parts of it. Ten minutes spent in this way could save you quite a lot of time in the long run. If you decide that you need to read the whole book, decide how much you can read at a time. 4 A history book which may contain the facts in story form will be easier to read than one dealing with scientific subjects. In the former case you may be able to read a chapter. In the latter you may only be able to read one page. Always keep a pencil and paper beside you. 5 Note also the facts important for your purpose as well as anything which leads you to further research. You don't have to write these things in detail. It is enough to put the page number and one or two words as a reminder . A．Stop to have a rest now and then. B．Spend a few minutes looking through the book. C．This depends on the type of book you are reading. D．Here are some tips to help improve your reading speed. E．Make a note of any page which is of special importance. F．You may find yourself having to learn something by heart. G．Keep the room cool rather than warm to avoid feeling sleepy. Passage 2 （24-25学年高二下·四川省成都市成华区成都列五中学·期中） In the 1920s, Russian psychologist Bluma Zeigarnik observed a strange thing. While dining out, she was impressed by the complex orders the waiters were able to remember at one time. 1 This observation gave rise to the study of what would become known as the Zeigarnik Effect. The Zeigarnik Effect refers to our tendency to remember incomplete or interrupted tasks better than completed ones. At first glance the Zeigarnik Effect can seem like a handy adaptation: It’s good to remember the things we need to do, and it’s a positive thing to want to finish the things we start. 22 First, each incomplete task your brain reminds you about takes up a bit of your attention, making it harder to concentrate on whatever you’re currently working on. Second, even if we manage to physically disconnect from work, the Zeigarnik Effect ensures that our unfinished tasks follow us home. They bring trouble to our vacations, our weekends, and even our sleep. 23 So what can you do about it? Write your tasks down. Your brain is a terrible filing system. Instead of keeping tasks in your head, make a habit of writing them down as soon as they come to you. 2 Make a plan for tomorrow before you end the work day so your unfinished tasks don’t remain in your mind after-hours. Don’t forget to look back at how far you’ve come. 3 Therefore, review your completed tasks at the end of every week to celebrate what you’ve already. A．Establish a work shutdown routine. B．Have a system for expanding your job skills. C．The problem when it comes to our productivity is two-fold. D．Yet when customers checked out, these were totally forgotten. E．We always quickly forget everything we’ve already accomplished. F．We need a way to mentally disconnect in our hours away from work. G．You have to actually complete all of your tasks to feel mental relief from it. 主题 02 人与自我 —— 做人与做事 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二下·四川省绵阳市涪城区绵阳南山中学·期中） The Sunday scaries refer to an over-whelming feeling of fear and anxiety about going to work or school the next day. 1 But even though the Sunday scaries are common, they are manageable. Here’s how experts say you can ease your end-of-weekend anxiety. Structure your Sunday. Structure can be a best friend when feeling the Sunday scaries. Instead of sitting on the couch and watching the clock, go to do something that you enjoy. You might still get a sense of fear. 2 Thus, you should anticipate the weekend as a time to relax, connect with friends and family, and address items from a to-do list that get neglected during the workweek. Don’t forget to relax. When structuring your Sunday, try not to stuff in large quantities of business and chores. 3 Whatever feels like a helpful distraction to revive yourself can be adopted, maybe a body meditation, maybe a midafternoon bath, maybe an engaging show. 4 Anxiety is a normal human experience, and one of the main ways to manage it is to find out your personal triggers. So you need to pinpoint what’s really causing you to fear the week—Is it a deadline? meeting? Or presentation? Also, it is necessary to create multiple to-do lists, which can help put into perspective what’s important and what you can let go of for now. By doing all of these, you can decrease the anticipation of the stress and fear of the upcoming week. Create some excitement for the week ahead. Getting rid of the Sunday scaries isn’t just about minimizing the doom and gloom of the week ahead, either. Having something to look forward to gives you something to think about what’s pleasing, rather than just noticing the fear you feel. It’s a form of reframing your thoughts: Instead of focusing on the awful things you expect from the week, build excitement over a coffee or lunch date with a friend you’ve been meaning to catch up with.   5 . A．Reduce your sense of anxiety. B．Identify your anxiety sources. C．It is vital to make space for activities to relieve yourself. D．It is being experienced physically and mentally by most people. E．This can help decrease the feeling of stress and fear of the week F．This gives you the opportunity to shift your mindset and will improve your mood. G．But that feeling is harder to hold on to when you are really engaged in something that make you feel good. Passage 2 （24-25学年高二下·四川省巴中市·期中） The act of making and being a friend is as simple as it is difficult. We spoke with experts to help find ways to make new friends, as well as to take better care of the friendships you already have. Here are few of their opinions. Accept the awkwardness (尴尬) and assume that other people need new friends, too When you reach out to somebody you don’t know well — whether that’s sending the first text message or making small talk in the elevator — you often feel uncomfortable. 1 . Otherwise you can’t have new friends. Remember that people will like you more than you think they will This opinion is based on science called the “liking gap”, which says that the little voice in your head telling you that somebody didn’t like you very much is wrong. 2 . Instead, when you talk to someone else, you’re actually going to brighten their day. Engage in activities that you love Ask anyone about how to make friends and they will most likely tell you to try a new hobby. It might sound hollow. 3 . Doing things you are actually interested in will naturally draw people to you because you’ll be in the right place with the right people. 4 , remind yourself that you love more than one thing. 5 The planet is warming, our news updates are constant, and there’s so much good television out there to watch. We get it. But if you want to keep your friendships alive, you have to be present for them. Listen to and notice things about your friends. A．Be Present B．But it works C．So don’t listen to it D．if it doesn’t work out E．Treat friends with respect F．If you want to be a cool and smart kid G．But you have to accept that awkwardness Passage 3 （24-25学年高二下·四川省眉山市东坡区眉山车城中学·期中） The Benefits of Keeping a Journal If you want to grow, one important thing you should do is keeping a journal. It may seem simple, but it can make a big difference in your life. I have been keeping journals for years. Writing all the lessons I learn and all the ideas I get has become a habit for me. And to be honest, I can’t imagine what my life would be like without it. 1 It prevents you from losing an idea. Have you ever gotten an idea only to lose it later because you didn’t write it down? 2 But then I developed the habit of writing down every idea that came into my mind as soon as possible. If I’m away from my computer, I usually write it down on a piece of paper that I bring wherever I go. I will then transfer the idea to the journal in my computer. It helps you review all the lessons you’ve learned. By reviewing your journal, you can quickly see the lessons you’ve learned and the ideas you’ve gotten. 3 You can use the ideas to propel (鞭策) yourself forward. 4 After keeping a journal for years, you can look back at it and see how far you’ve gone. Things that were big problems in the past might seem small today. The raw ideas you had in the past might have been realized today. It helps you expand your ideas. When you try to come up with a sentence to express an idea, you are thinking actively about it. 5 In the end, you will expand your ideas. A．I often experienced that myself. B．It trains you to express your thoughts. C．It allows you to see your progress over time. D．Just use whatever tool you feel comfortable with. E．Here are some benefits you will get by keeping a journal. F．Thinking actively helps you connect your idea to another idea. G．Then you can do whatever necessary to avoid repeating the same mistakes. Passage 4 （24-25学年高二下·四川省绵阳南山中学·期中） Everyone feels a little jealous (嫉妒的) once in a while. But when these feelings of jealousy begin to cause you stress, it’s probably time to start looking for ways to get rid of your jealousy. The techniques below can help you reflect on your jealousy and move on from any frustration in a healthy way. ●Acknowledge your feelings of jealousy. When you notice feelings of jealousy starting to creep in (悄然出现), take a few minutes to check in with yourself. Ask yourself “Am I jealous right now?” It’s perfectly normal to get jealous once in a while, so don’t be too hard on yourself. 36 ●Find the root of your jealousy. 1 Once you admit that you’re struggling with jealousy, it’s time to start looking into why you’re feeling that way. For example, low self-respect is often a cause of jealousy. Other possible causes include：past terrible experiences or mental health disorders. ●Talk about it with other people. If you have a lot of frustration caused by jealousy, don’t just keep it to yourself. Take time to sit down with your family member to tell them what’s going on. If you don’t want to talk to anyone, here are some other suggestions for how to cope: 2 You can also write down your thoughts and feelings in a journal. ●Focus on your positive qualities. Find your own unique strengths to defeat feelings of jealousy. Jealousy is often rooted in feelings of insecurity and low self-esteem. 3 When you start feeling those tell-tale signs of jealousy, remind yourself of all the things that make you amazing. ●Limit your time on social media. Social media tends to only show the “perfect” parts of someone’s life. If you struggle with jealousy, you can be tempted (诱惑) to look through other people’s profiles to look for faults. 4 To stop any jealous feelings from forming, log off for a while and do something more productive instead. A．Take exercise to burn off the stress. B．But most of the time those desires will just feed your jealousy. C．Occasionally there are deeper underlying issues that fuel jealousy. D．However, it’s vital to remember that you have a lot of special talents. E．Instead of envying someone with a lot of money, make your dollars count. F．Constantly setting yourself up against others can just make your jealousy worse. G．But sometimes just naming your emotions can help you gain control over them. 主题 03 人与社会 —— 科技与技术 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二下·四川省成都外国语学校·期中） Johannes Gutenberg--the ploneer of the printing press Johannes Gutenberg was chosen to be the most important figure of the past millennium (千年) by the media (媒体). You may not be familiar with him. 1 Gutenberg is praised for having invented the printing press and therefore preparing the way for printing books. He was born into a wealthy family in the city of Mainz, Germany. His early training was in goldsmithing. In 1428, he moved to Strasbourg and lived there for almost 20 years. 2 Gutenberg used his skills in metalwork for the mass (大批量) production of books. 3 That means that each copy of the Catholic bible (圣经) and all of its 73 books were painstakingly handwritten by men. Gutenberg fashioned a font (字体) of over 300 characters, far larger than the fonts of today. To make this possible, he invented the variable-width mold (模具) and perfected the mixture of materials used by type factories up to the present century. 4 The between 1450 and 1455,while preparing to produce a large Latin Bible, Gutenberg is thought to have printed a number of smaller books, a calendar, and a papal Letter of Indulgence. The Bible of 42 Lines, the oldest surviving printed book in the Western world, was completed by August 15,1456. The invention of the modem printing press changed the way information was delivered. 5 Even today in the computer age, we rely heavily on the printed word or text for instruction, information, and for the pleasure of reading literature. A．Gutenberg made the world a much richer place B．But he has certainly influenced your life in some ways C．Gutenberg's idea was one of the greatest of all mankind D．By 1450, Gutenberg was back in Mainz at work on a printing press E．In fact, this invention contributed a lot of educating the masses (大众) worldwide F．Before the spread of Gutenberg's idea, books were primarily handwritten G．It was in Strasbourg that he probably made his first experiments with moveable type and printing Passage 2 （24-25学年高二下·四川省成都市成华区某校·期中） In a fast-paced world, stress and mental tiredness seem common. Some people take a hot bath, go for a run, or listen to slow music to help them relax. But what about the sound of birds singing and other nature sounds? 1 According to a study by King’s College London in 2022, seeing or hearing birds could help to boost the mental well- being of people. Taking a trip to a place rich in birdlife like parks, forests and canals and encountering birds whistling to each other in the trees could even help to treat some mental health conditions. 2 Another study conducted by the National Trust compared the effects of woodland sounds with voiced meditation (冥想) apps. The study found listening to birdsong as well as other woodland sounds underfoot or the gentle sound of a stream boosted feelings of relaxation 30% more than an app. 3 They are waves lapping on the shore, gentle winds, and light rainfall. 4 Could the nature sounds that originate there still help you? According to the research by California Polytechnic State University, even a recording of the sounds of birds had a great effect on people’s mood, while other studies saw people listening to soundscapes (声景) of the coast and forests with similar outcomes to their well-being. 5 Whether you take a walk through a wood or wear some headphones, listening to the birdsong could help you to relax after a long, hard day. A．Birdsong is always good for mental health. B．Other sounds may also help to ease people up. C．However, not all of us live in rural surroundings. D．A similar effect was also seen in people with mental problems. E．And it’s not just birds that could have a healing effect on our moods. F．Research shows they also help people let go of the tension of modern life. G．So, wherever you live, you can access the wonderful sounds of birds and nature. Passage 3 （24-25学年高二下·四川省成都市树德中学·期中） When I was in primary school, reading index cards (索引卡) under the guidance of our librarian was how my classmates and I located the books we wanted and entered the world of ideas. It was amazing. 1 Then the same librarian explained that book-locating information was also available on a website. We could select books without even leaving our chairs. 2 The librarian was not confident that the new technology would last. So, as kids, we kept one foot planted in each world, learning the digital landscape while also physically exploring libraries. Throughout educational history, new tools have been accepted, rejected, or ignored. Digital card catalogues (目录) are an example of tools that facilitate learning, leading many schools to adopt a generally friendly attitude toward new technologies. 3 Some tools negatively affect our learning, the most recent example being ChatGPT. ChatGPT is an artificial intelligence (AI) chatbot that can respond to the questions one asks, drawing on stores of information and its interactions with other users. Where ChatGPT impacts education is in completing tasks assigned to students. Students can quit thinking — allowing ChatGPT to digest difficult readings on their behalf. 34 But learning to write is learning to think. Thinking is something we need to grow and progress as human beings. 4 ChatGPT and related technologies destroy this important task. I recommend that students resist employing them in the context of reading and writing if they wish to be transformed by their learning. A．Sure, AI can do these tasks for us. B．Education is meant to shape a person. C．But not all tools are equally constructive. D．They can also ask it to construct essays assigned by professors. E．If allowed to have access to AI-based tools, no one would ever think. F．However, this whole process seemed disappointing the very next day. G．In those days, we were living between the digital and pre-digital worlds. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题05 阅读七选五 主题 01 人与自我 —— 生活与学习 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二下·四川省宜宾市叙州区东辰学校·期中） Smart Shopping Strategies for the Holiday Season It’s season for spending, as we look ahead to the end-of-year holidays and start shelling out money for different necessities. This year will be especially tough on budgets due to the high prices on just about everything. 1 ● Do clean up during seasonal sales. Companies are all trying to attract us to shop at the end of the year. You can find a lot of good deals, but you’ll want to start with a plan. 2 And that will help you determine which are important to you. ● Don’t be blinded by big markdowns. 3 You need to confirm that it’s actually a good deal by checking prices online. If you find a lower price, ask at the register for a price match or load up your virtual cart. Some stores will match their online prices and the prices of selected competitors. ● 4 Tools such as Price Tracker can help you purchase when prices hit rock bottom or close to it. And you can set up email alerts to be notified when prices drop. Also remember that policies vary by different retailers during the holiday shopping season. ● Don’t trust Ads on social media. 5 If you see something you want to buy in a post, check to make sure the company has a website with contact information, a physical address and a return policy. Also, search for reviews and complaints online and check the Better Business Bureau atBBB．org. A．Do buy low. B．Do use price trackers. C．Commercials could contain cheating descriptions. D．The sign of “50% off ” doesn’t mean it’s a bargain. E．Make a list, including models and features you want. F．To save more of your money, follow these dos and don’ts. G．Set aside some money in a bank account for emergency repairs. 【答案】1．F 2．E 3．D 4．A 5．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些明智的假日购物策略。 1．根据上文“It’s season for spending, as we look ahead to the end-of-year holidays and start shelling out money for different necessities. This year will be especially tough on budgets due to the high prices on just about everything.(现在是消费的季节，因为我们期待着年终假期，开始为不同的必需品花钱。今年的预算尤其紧张，因为几乎所有东西的价格都很高)”可知，上文提到了预算紧张，推测本句引出后文省钱的建议。故F选项“为了节省更多的钱，请遵循这些注意事项”符合语境，故选F。 2．根据上文“● Do clean up during seasonal sales. Companies are all trying to attract us to shop at the end of the year. You can find a lot of good deals, but you’ll want to start with a plan.(●在季节性销售期间清空。公司都在努力吸引我们在年底购物。你可以找到很多不错的交易，但你需要从一个计划开始)”可知，上文提到了要为购物制定计划，推测本句说明如何制定计划。故E选项“列一个清单，包括你想要的型号和特点”符合语境，故选E。 3．根据上文“● Don’t be blinded by big markdowns.(不要被大减价蒙蔽了双眼)”以及后文“You need to confirm that it’s actually a good deal by checking prices online. If you find a lower price, ask at the register for a price match or load up your virtual cart. Some stores will match their online prices and the prices of selected competitors.(你需要在网上查看价格来确认这确实是一笔好买卖。如果你发现一个更低的价格，在收银台询问价格匹配或加载你的虚拟购物车。一些商店会将他们的网上价格与选定的竞争对手的价格相匹配)”可知，上文提到小心大减价，本句承接上文说明原因是减价并一定真的便宜，可能还会发现更低价。故D选项“‘五折’的标志并不意味着是便宜货”符合语境，故选D。 4．根据后文“Tools such as Price Tracker can help you purchase when prices hit rock bottom or close to it. And you can set up email alerts to be notified when prices drop. Also remember that policies vary by different retailers during the holiday shopping season.(价格追踪器等工具可以帮助你在价格触底或接近底部时购买。你还可以设置电子邮件提醒，以便在价格下跌时收到通知。还要记住，在假日购物季，不同的零售商的政策是不同的)”可知，本段的主旨是利用工具在价格低的时候买入，A选项buy low对应后文prices hit rock bottom。故A选项“一定要逢低买进”符合语境，故选A。 5．根据上文“● Don’t trust Ads on social media.(●不要相信社交媒体上的广告)”以及后文“If you see something you want to buy in a post, check to make sure the company has a website with contact information, a physical address and a return policy. Also, search for reviews and complaints online and check the Better Business Bureau at BBB.org.(如果你在一个帖子里看到你想买的东西，检查一下该公司是否有一个网站，上面有联系信息、实际地址和退货政策。此外，在网上搜索评论和投诉，并查看bbb.org上的商业改善局)”可知，上文提到不要相信社交媒体上的广告，本句说明原因，C选项Ads对应上文Commercials。故C选项“广告可能包含欺骗描述”符合语境，故选C。 Passage 2 （24-25学年高二下·四川省眉山市眉山县级学校·期中） How to Study at Home Effectively Studying at home is comfortable and relaxing. However, it can be difficult to study at home effectively. Watching TV, eating snacks or looking through social media may take you away from your study. 1 . 2 Students of all ages should get at least eight hours of sleep every night. It's the best way to ensure that the brain is refreshed and ready to process all of the information during the day. A full night's sleep is especially important the night before a test. Study at the right time 3 . Some people are night owls (夜猫子) while others prefer the morning. Don't try to force yourself to study when your brain isn't at its best. Try to study when you are the most energetic, so that you are able to gain more information. Have a fixed study area Whether it's the kitchen table or the desk in your bedroom, it is necessary to create a fixed study area. Try to reserve (预留) your bed for sleeping and avoid studying in it. 4 . And keep your fixed study space organized so you can put more time into studying instead of looking for a pen or other things. Create a timetable Creating a timetable helps to organize your time. It is especially useful when you have different subjects to study. 5 . Set reasonable limits for how much time you spend studying each day, and break your study time into manageable periods of time. A．Get a good night's sleep B．Focus on important information C．Studying in bed can make you feel sleepy D．Here are a few ways to help you be effective E．Make sure that your study space is large enough F．Every student has his/her own daily highs and lows G．Write your schedule down so you can refer to it often 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．F 4．C 5．G 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在家学习的一些方法，在家里也可以高效学习。 1．根据上文“However, it can be difficult to study at home effectively. Watching TV, eating snacks or looking through social media may take you away from your study.(然而，在家有效地学习是困难的。看电视、吃零食或浏览社交媒体可能会影响你的学习)”可知，在家学习容易被分散注意力，降低学习效果。下文介绍了一些提高学习效率的方法。D项“这里有一些方法可以帮助你提高效率”承接上文，开启下文，符合语境。故选D项。 2．该题是段落小标题，应概括下面一段，表示建议一般为祈使句，根据本段首句“Students of all ages should get at least eight hours of sleep every night.(所有年龄段的学生每晚都应该保证至少8小时的睡眠。这是确保大脑清醒并准备好处理一天中所有信息的最好方法)”及末句“A full night's sleep is especially important the night before a test.(考试前一晚睡个好觉尤其重要)”可知，本段建议睡个好觉。A项“睡个好觉”适合作本段小标题，符合语境。故选A项。 3．本段小标题“Study at the right time(在合适的时间学习)”，下文“Some people are night owls (夜猫子) while others prefer the morning.(有些人是夜猫子，而有些人喜欢早起)”可知，每个人学习状态最好的时间是不一样的，说的是根据自己的状况，选择最好学习时间。F项“每个学生每天都有自己的高潮和低谷”符合本段语境。故选F项。 4．本段小标题“Have a fixed study area(有固定的学习区域)”可知，本段在讲学习地点，学习环境问题，根据空前“Try to reserve (预留) your bed for sleeping and avoid studying in it.(尽量保留你的床用来睡觉，避免在上面学习)”可知，不建议在床上学习，C项“在床上学习会让你感到困倦”承接上文，符合语境。故选C项。 5．根据空前“Creating a timetable helps to organize your time.(制定时间表有助于组织你的时间)”可知，该段落在讲学习要有计划，G项“把你的时间表写下来，这样你就可以经常查阅了”符合语境，schedule呼应前面timetable。故选G项。 Passage 3 （24-25学年高二下·四川省自贡市田家炳中学·期中） As a student, you have a lot of freedom when it comes to how you spend your time. But with that freedom comes the responsibility to make the most of your studying hours. Here are some tips to help you do just that. Create a schedule This means setting aside specific times for studying each day and then sticking to that schedule as closely as possible. Of course, there will be days when things come up, and you have to deviate(偏离) from your plan. 11 Break up your study sessions into smaller periods Our brain can only focus effectively for so long before we start losing concentration. 1 chances are much higher that you won't remember all of the information you're trying to learn. Instead, break up your study sessions into shorter periods of time, with breaks in between to help you relax and recharge. ·Find a study place that works for you 2 . Some people prefer to study in complete silence, while others find that some background noise helps them focus better. There is no right or wrong answer here-it's all about finding a place to study. that allows you to work as efficiently as possible. ·Take practice quizzes This will not only help you check your understanding of the concepts but also identify any area that may need more review. 3 ,it will be much easier for you to direct your study sessions accordingly and make better use of your time overall. 4 If you find that you're struggling to understand the material or just not making progress as quickly as you’d like,seek assistance in time. There is no shame in admitting that you need assistance. In fact, it can save lots of time in the long run by getting you the support you need early on. A．Learn to accept failure B．Don’t be afraid to ask for help C．So if you try to study for several hours once D．Make sure that every minute you spend studying counts E．However, try not to go off-track too often or for too long F．Where you study can also affect how effectively you use your time G．And once you know what specific topics or ideas you need to work on 【答案】1．E 2．C 3．F 4．G 5．B 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要向读者提出几个充分利用时间学习的建议。 1．由上文“This means setting aside specific times for studying each day and then sticking to that schedule as closely as possible. Of course, there will be days when things come up, and you have to deviate(偏离) from your plan.(这意味着每天留出特定的学习时间，然后尽可能严格遵守时间表。当然，总会有事情发生的时候，你不得不偏离你的计划。)”可知，上文讲有时我们会因为临时事情偏离计划，而E项However, try not to go off-track too often or for too long(但是，尽量不要太频繁或太长时间偏离轨道)符合语境，其中go off-track和上文deviate from your plan对应。故选E项。 2．由前文“Our brain can only focus effectively for so long before we start losing concentration.(我们的大脑只能有效地集中注意力这么长一段时间，然后才会开始失去注意力。)”和后文“chances are much higher that you won't remember all of the information you're trying to learn.(你不记得你想学的所有信息的可能性要大得多。)”可知，前面讲大脑只能集中注意力一段时间，而后文讲记不住内容，所以所填空应说我们一次学习时间太长的话，我们会记不住学习内容。而C项So if you try to study for several hours once(所以如果你试着一次学习几个小时)符合语境，有承上启下作用。故选C项。 3．由后文“Some people prefer to study in complete silence, while others find that some background noise helps them focus better. There is no right or wrong answer here-it's all about finding a place to study. that allows you to work as efficiently as possible.(有些人喜欢完全安静地学习，而另一些人则发现一些背景噪音有助于他们更好地集中注意力。这里没有正确或错误的答案，这都是关于找一个学习的地方。这使你能够尽可能高效地学习。)”可知，这段主要讲找一个学习的地方，而F项Where you study can also affect how effectively you use your time(你在哪里学习也会影响你如何有效地利用时间)符合语境，其中Where 和小标题中place对应，且本句有启下作用。故选F项。 4．由后文“it will be much easier for you to direct your study sessions accordingly and make better use of your time overall.(你可以更容易地指导你的学习课程，更好地利用你的时间。)”可知，前文应讲明确你的方向，这样会更利于学习。而G项And once you know what specific topics or ideas you need to work on(一旦你知道你需要做什么具体的主题或想法)符合语境，其中 specific topics or ideas you need to work on与后文 direct your study sessions accordingly 对应，故选G项。 5．由后文“If you find that you're struggling to understand the material or just not making progress as quickly as you’d like,seek assistance in time. There is no shame in admitting that you need assistance. In fact, it can save lots of time in the long run by getting you the support you need early on.(如果你发现你很难理解这些材料，或者只是没有像你想的那样快速地取得进展，请及时寻求帮助。承认你需要帮助并不可耻。事实上，通过尽早获得所需的支持，从长远来看，它可以节省大量时间。)”可知，这段主要讲要学会寻求帮助，而B项Don’t be afraid to ask for help(不要害怕寻求帮助)符合语境，对下文有概括作用，且help与下文也对应。故选B项。 主题 02 人与自我 —— 做人与做事 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二下·四川省凉山州西昌市·期中） Sleep is the foundation of wellness. However, millions of people struggle to get quality rest. Do you also have such trouble? 1 1 Exposure to natural sunlight in the morning boosts daytime alertness (警觉性) while helping manage melatonin (the sleep hormone) for night-time sleepiness. On the contrary, soft lights 2 hours before bed, and avoid blue light from screens, which tricks your brain into daytime mode. Master the 20-Minute Rule If you can’t fall asleep after 20 minutes, leave your bed. 2 . This prevents your brain from associating the bed with wakefulness, breaking the cycle of frustration. Cool Down to Power Down 3 . A cool environment copies your body’s natural temperature drop during sleep, signaling it’s time to rest. Bonus: Take a warm bath 1-2 hours before bed — the following cool-down enhances this effect. Breathe Like a Navy SEAL Practice the 4-7-8 breathing technique: breathe in through your nose for 4 seconds, hold for 7 seconds, breathe out through your lips for 8 seconds. This military-tested method can stimulate your parasympathetic nervous system (副交感神经系统). 4 . To conclude, persistence is the key. Pair these methods with a fixed wake-up time, even on weekends. Your body depends on rhythm, and small changes can produce dramatic improvements in sleep quality. A．Keep a daytime mode. B．Create a “Light Schedule”. C．It also reduces your heart rate and anxiety. D．Lower your bedroom temperature to 15-19℃. E．Engage in a quiet activity like reading until sleepy. F．You should clear your mind and continue to try to fall asleep. G．Try these evidence-based strategies and you’ll transform your nights. 【答案】1．G 2．B 3．E 4．D 5．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了一些能够帮助人们改善睡眠质量的有效策略，包括合理安排光线、掌握 20 分钟睡眠规则、调节卧室温度以及运用特定呼吸技巧等内容。 1．根据上文“Sleep is the foundation of wellness. However, millions of people struggle to get quality rest. Do you also have such trouble? (睡眠是健康的基础。然而，数百万人难以获得高质量的休息。你也有这样的困扰吗？)可知，提出了人们存在睡眠问题，接着后文就介绍了一系列改善睡眠的方法。此处需要一个能引出下文改善睡眠策略的句子，G选项 “尝试这些基于科学依据的策略，你将改变你的夜晚。”符合语境，起到承上启下的作用。故选G。 2．根据下文“Exposure to natural sunlight in the morning boosts daytime alertness (警觉性) while helping manage melatonin (the sleep hormone) for night-time sleepiness. On the contrary, soft lights 2 hours before bed, and avoid blue light from screens, which tricks your brain into daytime mode. (早晨接触自然阳光可提高白天的警觉性，同时有助于调节褪黑素（睡眠荷尔蒙）以应对夜间的困意。相反，睡前两小时使用柔和灯光，并避免屏幕发出的蓝光，蓝光会使你的大脑误以为处于白天模式。)”推知，该段主要讲的是制定合理的光线安排，B选项“制定一个“光线时间表”。”符合语境，为短文的小标题。故选B。 3．根据上文“If you can’t fall asleep after 20 minutes, leave your bed. (如果你 20 分钟后仍无法入睡，就离开你的床。)”，提出了不能入睡时的做法，接下来应说明离开床后该做什么。E 选项 “进行一项安静的活动，比如阅读，直到感到困倦。”符合这一语境，说明了离开床后的合理行为。故选E。 4．根据标题 “Cool Down to Power Down (通过降温来助眠)”以及第四段“A cool environment copies your body’s natural temperature drop during sleep, signaling it’s time to rest. (凉爽的环境模拟了你在睡眠期间身体自然的体温下降，暗示是时候休息了。)”可知，该段强调调节卧室温度，D 选项 “将你的卧室温度降低到 15 至 19 摄氏度。”符合语境。故选D。 5．根据上文“Practice the 4-7-8 breathing technique: breathe in through your nose for 4 seconds, hold for 7 seconds, breathe out through your lips for 8 seconds. This military-tested method can stimulate your parasympathetic nervous system (副交感神经系统). (练习 4-7-8 呼吸技巧：用鼻子吸气 4 秒钟，屏住呼吸 7 秒钟，用嘴唇呼气 8 秒钟。这种经过军事测试的方法可以刺激你的副交感神经系统。)”可推知，此处需要一个继续说明该呼吸技巧好处的句子，C选项“它还能降低你的心率和焦虑感。”，承接上文，符合语境。故选C。 Passage 2 （24-25学年高二下·四川省成都市蓉城名校联盟·期中） Relationships function like a mirror. If you want to know how others treat you, the best starting place is to look at how you treat others. And if you don’t like the way you’re treated, change your own behavior, because you can’t change anyone else’s. 1 Instead of judging people by their past, stand by them and help them build their future. Everyone has a past. Some are a source of pride, and others are best left behind. 2 Therefore, instead of judging, stand by and support them as they move toward their future. Treat them with respect and make their journey your own. Listen with curiosity, speak with frankness, and act with honesty. Listening and curiosity allow relationships to develop. Speaking your truth allows people to be honest with themselves and with you. 3 Relationships need curiosity to thrive, frankness to deepen, and honesty to continue. 9 If someone is in need, lend a helping hand. Don’t do it only for the people you like and respect-that’s easy-but also for the ones who drive you crazy and those you don’t even know. Don’t do it with the expectation of getting something in return. Don’t try to make yourself great by making others look small. 4 The moment you belittle others because you are better than they are is the moment you prove you have no power. People tend to make others feel how they themselves feel, whether it’s great or small. If you can’t offer help, support, or love, at least do everything in your power not to hurt them or make them feel small. A．Do be kind to everyone. B．Treat everyone you meet with honor. C．What matters most is learning from their past. D．But whatever their past, people do change and grow. E．Acting honestly keeps relationships on a high standard. F．Here are several steps to take about how to treat people. G．Here are several principles to remember about how to treat others. 【答案】1．G 2．D 3．E 4．A 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述人际关系如镜子，应尊重、坦诚、友善对待他人。   1．上文“Relationships function like a mirror. If you want to know how others treat you, the best starting place is to look at how you treat others. And if you don’t like the way you’re treated, change your own behavior, because you can’t change anyone else’s.(人际关系就像一面镜子。如果你想知道别人如何对待你，最好先看看自己如何对待别人。如果你不喜欢别人对待你的方式，那就改变自己的行为，因为你无法改变别人)” 说明人际关系是相互的，要看自己如何对待别人。空处需引出下文具体原则，且后文为多个分论点。所以G项“以下是关于如何对待他人的几个原则需要记住。”符合语境， 以 principles总领全文，与后文各段的具体准则形成“总— 分”结构，顺接上文“改变自身行为”的建议，点明文章主旨。故选G。 2．上文“Everyone has a past. Some are a source of pride, and others are best left behind.(每个人都有过去，有些值得骄傲，有些最好被遗忘)”讨论过去的多样性。空处和前文为转折关系，说明无论过去如何，人们都会改变和成长。所以D项“但无论他们的过去如何，人们都会改变和成长。”符合语境， 以But转折，强调“改变和成长”的可能性，与上文“过去的不同”形成对比，为后文“支持未来”的结论提供逻辑依据，因果关系明确。故选D。 3．上文“Listening and curiosity allow relationships to develop. Speaking your truth allows people to be honest with themselves and with you.(倾听和保持好奇心能让人际关系得到发展。说出你的真实想法能让人们对自己和你保持坦诚)”说明倾听、好奇心和说出真相在人际关系中的重要性。下文“Relationships need curiosity to thrive, frankness to deepen, and honesty to continue.(关系需要好奇来繁荣，坦诚来深化，诚实来延续)”总结三者重要性，其中honesty对应空处内容。所以E项“诚实行事让关系维持高标准。”承接上文，完整呈现 “倾听—坦诚—诚实”的行为链条，符合段落排比逻辑。故选E。 4．下文“If someone is in need, lend a helping hand. Don’t do it only for the people you like and respect-that’s easy-but also for the ones who drive you crazy and those you don’t even know. Don’t do it with the expectation of getting something in return.(如果有人需要帮助，伸出援手。不要只帮助你喜欢和尊重的人——那很容易——也要帮助那些让你抓狂的人和你甚至不认识的人。不要带着得到回报的期望去做这件事)”强调对所有人的善意，且段落首句为祈使句，应为分论点标题。所以A项“一定要对每个人都友善。”符合语境，以Do加强语气，与后文“不仅帮助喜欢的人，也帮助让你抓狂的人”呼应，everyone覆盖所有对象，精准概括段落核心“无差别 ”。故选A。 5．上文“Don’t try to make yourself great by making others look small.(不要通过贬低他人来让自己显得伟大)”提出反面警示。下文“The moment you belittle others...prove you have no power.(贬低他人时，正证明你缺乏力量)”进一步阐释危害。B项“尊重你遇见的每一个人。” 以正面倡导回应上文“不要贬低他人”，“honor”与“belittle”形成对比，且“everyone”与后文“whether it’s great or small”对应，体现“尊重所有人”的态度，逻辑上为“反面禁止—正面倡导”的补充关系。故选B。 Passage 3 （24-25学年高二下·四川省射洪中学校·期中） Do you have a passion for art? Believe it or not, you don’t need a special degree or certification to get your art career started. 11 . It’s definitely not impossible, however. With enough focus, drive, and determination, you might see your art goals become a reality. We’ve put together a list of tips and tricks to help you get started on your artistic journey. 12 . Give yourself a foundation with art skills. Art fundamentals, like perspective, anatomy (解剖), and composition are important building blocks in your art career. These skills may seem basic, but they’ll make a big difference in your future art pieces. Sign up for online classes. Pick an online class that fits your art niche. From traditional sketches to digital art, there are tons of classes out there that can help you refine specific art skill sets. Search online for classes run by professional artists — these are great, hands-on ways to improve your skills. A lot of professional classes cost money. 13 . Inquire about feedback. 14 . Friends or art acquaintances can be a big help. They can help point out areas of improvement, so you know what to focus on in the future. Go easy on yourself. Becoming a self-taught artist is a long journey. 15 . Instead, love and accept your art for what it is instead of expecting it to be of professional caliber right away. A．Learn the basics. B．Focus on painting techniques. C．Being a self-taught artist isn’t easy. D．Don’t compare your art to the real artists’. E．However, some universities offer free art classes. F．Ask a second pair of eyes to look at your artwork. G．And you don’t need to be an expert to experience art. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．E 4．F 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一系列帮助人们开始艺术之旅的方法。 1．下文“It’s definitely not impossible, however.(然而，这绝对不是不可能的)”提到，成为自学成才的艺术家并非不可能，空处和下文是转折关系，故是讲述自学成才的艺术家虽然困难，但是并非不可能，C项“成为一名自学成才的艺术家并不容易”符合语境。故选C。 2．下文“Give yourself a foundation with art skills. Art fundamentals, like perspective, anatomy (解剖), and composition are important building blocks in your art career. These skills may seem basic, but they’ll make a big difference in your future art pieces.(给自己打下艺术功底。艺术基础，如透视、解剖和构图，是你艺术生涯中重要的组成部分。这些技能可能看起来很基本，但它们会对你未来的艺术作品产生很大的影响)”说明本段介绍的方法是注重基础，基础技能会对未来的艺术作品产生很大影响，A项中basics是关键词，A项“学习基础知识”引出下文内容，适合作为段落标题句。故选A。 3．上文“Search online for classes run by professional artists — these are great, hands-on ways to improve your skills. A lot of professional classes cost money.(在线搜索由专业艺术家开办的课程——这些都是提高你技能的好方法。很多专业课程都要花钱)”说明很多课程需要花钱，E项中classes是关键词，E项“然而，一些大学提供免费的艺术课程”与上文形成转折关系，进一步提供更优化的建议，符合题意。故选E。 4．上文“Inquire about feedback.(询问反馈)”以及下文“Friends or art acquaintances can be a big help. They can help point out areas of improvement, so you know what to focus on in the future.(朋友或艺术界的熟人可以提供很大帮助。他们可以帮助你指出需要改进的地方，这样你就知道未来要关注什么)”可知，本段介绍的方法是听取其他人的反馈和意见，F项“让另一双眼睛看看你的作品”具体介绍要让其他人看你的作品，承上启下，符合题意。故选F。 5．下文“Instead, love and accept your art for what it is instead of expecting it to be of professional caliber right away.(相反，要热爱并接受你的艺术，而不是期望它立即达到专业水平)”说明要热爱艺术，并接受你的艺术的程度，而不是期望它可以立刻达到专业的水平，D项“不要把你的艺术与真正的艺术家的艺术相比较”引出下文内容，说明只需要热爱艺术，不需要和专业水平的艺术家比较，符合题意。故选D。 Passage 4 （24-25学年高二下·四川省绵阳中学实验学校·期中） When was the last time you had to memorize a phone number? The chances are that it has been years, given that you can simply use your digital devices to memorize that number for you. In a world of digital information, a new phenomenon “digital amnesia”, which refers to the loss of our brains’ ability to remember information as we become dependent on technology to get data, is starting to spread across the country. 1 . Establish a screen-free day Start choosing one day of the week to put away your digital devices. If you need something to wake you up, avoid using your phone, as it’ll likely stimulate you to check your messages before you’re even stepping out of bed. 2 . 3 Instead of depending on your phone, set out to design a reliable workout plan, which uses printed instructions to train your memory. There are several techniques you can use, but whichever ones you choose, physical paper is the key. It allows you to exercise your brain to find the answer within the pages themselves, rather than turning to your phone for help. Simplify your digital life There is no denying that digital devices have made our lives extremely convenient. 4 . Although we can try to avoid using digital devices, it is undeniable that we will need them for certain tasks. Simplifying your digital life can help address digital amnesia. Removing what is not necessary can help you be less dependent on your devices. 5 . It can be a very effective tool, but its usefulness, or uselessness, entirely depends on your attitude. You have to learn how to use it correctly so that it doesn’t take over. A．Exercise your memory B．Stick to a practical plan C．Luckily, there are ways you can take to deal with it D．It can help you improve work efficiency and get organized E．By not staring at your devices, you’ll give your brain a break F．However, they can be harmful to our mental health and productivity G．Despite the so-called digital amnesia, technology does have its place in our lives 【答案】1．C 2．E 3．A 4．F 5．G 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了数字时代出现的新现象——“数字健忘症”，即随着人们越来越依赖技术获取信息，大脑记忆信息的能力逐渐丧失，并提出了一些应对方法。 1．根据上文“When was the last time you had to memorize a phone number? The chances are that it has been years, given that you can simply use your digital devices to memorize that number for you. In a world of digital information, a new phenomenon “digital amnesia”, which refers to the loss of our brains’ ability to remember information as we become dependent on technology to get data, is starting to spread across the country.(你上一次记电话号码是什么时候？考虑到你可以简单地用你的数字设备来记住你的数字，很可能已经好几年了。在一个数字信息的世界里，一种新现象'数字健忘症”开始在全国蔓延。“数字健忘症”指的是我们的大脑由于依赖技术来获取数据而丧失了记忆信息的能力)”可知，上文提出‘数字健忘症’的问题，后文给出具体的方法，本句承上启下，既提到数字健忘症的问题，又引出下文将要讨论的解决方法。故C选项“幸运的是，你可以采取一些方法来处理它”符合语境，故选C。 2．根据上文“Start choosing one day of the week to put away your digital devices. If you need something to wake you up, avoid using your phone, as it’ll likely stimulate you to check your messages before you’re even stepping out of bed.(开始选择一周中的一天来放下你的电子设备。如果你需要一些东西来唤醒你，那就不要用手机，因为它可能会刺激你在起床之前查看信息)”可知，空前提到了在这个日子里要避免使用手机等数字设备，以免在起床前就受到信息的干扰。E选项“不要盯着电子设备看，你的大脑会得到休息”承接上文，继续说明设立无屏幕日的好处，符合语境，故选E。 3．此空为小标题；根据本段内容“Instead of depending on your phone, set out to design a reliable workout plan, which uses printed instructions to train your memory. There are several techniques you can use, but whichever ones you choose, physical paper is the key. It allows you to exercise your brain to find the answer within the pages themselves, rather than turning to your phone for help.(与其依赖你的手机，不如着手设计一个可靠的锻炼计划，使用打印的说明来训练你的记忆力。你可以使用几种技巧，但无论你选择哪一种，实体纸都是关键。它可以锻炼你的大脑在书页中找到答案，而不是求助于你的手机)”可知，本段主要讲的是不要依赖手机，而是要通过制定可靠的锻炼计划来训练记忆力，使用纸质指令来锻炼大脑在页面中寻找答案的能力。故A选项“锻炼记忆力”能够概括本段主旨，故选A。 4．根据上文“There is no denying that digital devices have made our lives extremely convenient.(不可否认，数字设备使我们的生活非常方便)”以及后文“Although we can try to avoid using digital devices, it is undeniable that we will need them for certain tasks.(虽然我们可以尽量避免使用数字设备，但不可否认的是，我们将需要它们来完成某些任务)”可知，第四段先承认数字设备的便利，后需转折指出其负面影响。选项F通过“however”引出矛盾，衔接后文“简化数字生活”的必要性。故F选项“然而，它们可能对我们的心理健康和工作效率有害”符合语境，故选F。 5．根据后文“It can be a very effective tool, but its usefulness, or uselessness, entirely depends on your attitude. You have to learn how to use it correctly so that it doesn’t take over.(它可以是一个非常有效的工具，但它的有用或无用，完全取决于你的态度。你必须学会如何正确地使用它，这样它才不会占上风)”可知，本句承上启下，既提到技术的存在性，又引出下文关于正确使用技术的讨论。故G选项“尽管有所谓的‘数字健忘症’，但科技确实在我们的生活中占有一席之地”符合语境，故选G。 主题 03 人与社会 —— 科技与技术 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二下·四川省德阳市博雅明德高级中学·期中） Understand your pet’s body language Body language is different depending on what sort of animal you have chosen as your pet. 1 Understanding your pet’s body language will help you to be a better communicator, as you can even copy some of its movements, expressions and sounds to send your message in a way it understands. •When dogs feel stressed out or threatened, their eyes will look larger than normal. If your dog isn’t looking directly at you, but is looking out of the corners of its eyes so that you see a lot of the whites of the eyes, it might be about to have an aggressive outburst. 2 •If your cat looks at you and blinks at you slowly, it’s likely communicating affection. 2 For cats, closing one’s eyes in the presence of another is a way to show trust. If your cat feels threatened, its tail will likely be upright; its back will likely be arched, too. • 3 If your bird’s pupils (瞳孔) enlarge and shrink rapidly, this can be a sign that it’s excited or greatly interested, or scared or angry. 4 Birds will shake their feathers while cleaning themselves; if their feathers remain shaking, however, this could mean they’re unwell, in which case, take them to an animal doctor for a checkup. A．Pets’ health depends on your daily care. B．You can do this back to your cat to show your love, too. C．The context is important in telling which emotion it might be. D．Birds can be quite expressive through their eyes and feathers. E．If your dog is feeling stressed or aggressive, its wide eyes will be accompanied by a rigid body. F．Once familiar with each other’s presence and body language, cats and dogs can play together. G．If you’re unsure of your pet’s body language, consider reading some articles about your specific animal. 【答案】1．G 2．E 3．B 4．D 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过举例说明一些宠物的肢体语言，介绍了如何理解宠物的肢体语言，以便更好地与宠物沟通。 1．上文“Body language is different depending on what sort of animal you have chosen as your pet.(肢体语言因你选择的宠物种类而异。)可知，不同种类的宠物肢体语言也不同；故下文应该是告诉读者从自己的宠物种类来判断肢体语言的意思，如果你不确定或者你的宠物的肢体语言应该怎么办；G项“If you’re unsure of your pet’s body language, consider reading some articles about your specific animal.(如果你不确定你的宠物的肢体语言，考虑阅读一些关于你的特定动物的文章。)”介绍了解宠物语言的途径，与上文意思相承接，符合语境。故选G项。 2．上文“When dogs feel stressed out or threatened, their eyes will look larger than normal. If your dog isn’t looking directly at you, but is looking out of the corners of its eyes so that you see a lot of the whites of the eyes, it might be about to have an aggressive outburst. (当狗感到压力或受到威胁时，它们的眼睛会看起来比正常情况下大。如果你的狗没有直视你，而是从眼角看向你，这样你就能看到很多眼白，它可能会有攻击性的爆发。)”阐述了当狗感到有压力或有攻击性时眼睛的变化。E项“If your dog is feeling stressed or aggressive, its wide eyes will be accompanied by a rigid body.(如果你的狗感到有压力或有攻击性，它的大眼睛会瞪大，同时它的身体变得僵硬。)”承接上文，进一步描述了狗感到压力或攻击性时的表现，符合语境。故选E项。 3．上文“If your cat looks at you and blinks at you slowly, it’s likely communicating affection.”(如果你的猫看着你，慢慢地向你眨眼，这可能是在表达爱意，)”阐述猫表达爱意时的肢体语言；B项“You can do this back at your cat to show your love, too.(你也可以对你的猫这样做，来表达你的爱。)”承接上文，建议读者也可以对猫做同样的动作来表达爱意，符合语境，“this”指代上文中的“looks at ...and blinks at...slowly”。故选B项。 4．根据下文“If your bird’s pupils (瞳孔) enlarge and shrink rapidly, this can be a sign that it’s excited or greatly interested, or scared or angry. (如果你的鸟的瞳孔迅速放大和缩小，这可能是一个信号，它很兴奋或非常感兴趣，或害怕或生气。)”以及“Birds will shake their feathers while cleaning themselves; if their feathers remain shaking, however, this could mean they’re unwell, in which case, take them to an animal doctor for a checkup.(鸟儿在清洁自己的时候会抖羽毛;然而，如果它们的羽毛还在颤抖，这可能意味着它们不舒服，在这种情况下，带它们去看动物医生做检查。)”可知本段主要阐述鸟用眼睛、羽毛等表达情感；D项“Birds can be quite expressive through their eyes and feathers.（鸟类可以通过它们的眼睛和羽毛来表达自己。）符合本段主旨，起到引领下文的作用。故选D项。 5．根据上文“If your bird’s pupils (瞳孔) enlarge and shrink rapidly, this can be a sign that it’s excited or greatly interested, or scared or angry. (如果你的鸟的瞳孔迅速放大和缩小，这可能是一个信号，它很兴奋或非常感兴趣，或害怕或生气。)”可知，鸟的瞳孔迅速放大和缩小可以表达不同情绪，兴奋或非常感兴趣，或害怕或生气；C选项“The context is important in telling which emotion it might be.(情境对于判断它可能是哪种情绪很重要。)”承接上文，指出情境对于判断鸟的瞳孔迅速放大和缩小时表达的情绪很重要，符合语境。故选C项。 Passage 2 （24-25学年高二下·四川省成都市十二中（川大附中）·期中） AI Voice Cloning Attack It is reported that in 2023, $2.7 billion was lost to imposters (冒名顶替者). How to protect your money? There is one answer: 1 . There’s no doubt that AI has allowed scammers (诈骗犯) to clone a person’s voice in three seconds, giving them an easy avenue to launch a broad range of scams and disinformation attacks. The following are efficient ways to avoid it. Switch to Automated Voicemail Messages You may set up a customized voicemail greeting that callers hear when trying to reach you. However, these recordings are long enough for scammers to record and capture the voice into AI voice cloning platforms. 2 . To change your voicemail from your voice to the automated message, simply click on the voicemail icon in the phone app, and then select greeting in the top left corner and select default. 3 One of the most common tricks is the “imposter family member scam”. Scammers use AI cloned voices to imitate the voice of a loved one and make it sound as if they need immediate financial insistence. To avoid falling victim to these scams, consider having a safe word that only your family knows to use in emergencies. Avoid Voice Confirmation Accounts that use voice biometric confirmation are becoming an increasing target. Any time a person needs to create new speech samples to log into accounts, these voice samples are often saved to consumers’ phones, making them easy targets for scammers to capture. 4 . Do Not Speak First to Unknown Numbers If you answer a call from an unknown number, wait for the person or voice on the other end of the line to speak first. 5 . Thus, the less you say, the better. Knowing about the latest cyber threats can help you, your friends and your family keep safe from becoming victims. A．Defend your voice B．Create a Family Safe Word C．Make an Emergency Signal D．Luckily, there is a simple fix for it E．Facial recognition does provide an alternative F．Your money is easily withdrawn by scammers using fingerprints G．As mentioned earlier, scammers only need a few seconds to record your voice 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．E 5．G 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了AI语音克隆攻击带来的诈骗问题，并给出了保护钱财、避免成为诈骗受害者的几种有效方法。 1．上文“It is reported that in 2023, $2.7 billion was lost to imposters (冒名顶替者). How to protect your money? (据报道，2023年有27亿美元被冒名顶替者骗走。如何保护你的钱财呢?)”提出了如何保护钱财的问题，A选项“Defend your voice (保护你的声音)”给出了解决问题的答案，即保护声音可以避免被冒名顶替者利用来诈骗钱财，与上文构成问题与解决办法的逻辑关系。同时，下文“There’s no doubt that AI has allowed scammers (诈骗犯) to clone a person’s voice in three seconds, giving them an easy avenue to launch a broad range of scams and disinformation attacks. (毫无疑问，人工智能已经允许骗子在三秒钟内克隆一个人的声音，给他们一个简单的途径来发动广泛的骗局和虚假信息攻击。)”说明了为什么保护声音可以保护钱财，上下文语意连贯。故选A项。 2．上文“However, these recordings are long enough for scammers to record and capture the voice into AI voice cloning platforms. (然而，这些录音足够长，让诈骗者可以录制并将声音录入AI语音克隆平台。)”指出了设置自定义语音邮件问候语存在被诈骗者利用的风险，D选项“Luckily, there is a simple fix for it (幸运的是，有一个简单的解决办法)”引出下文将介绍的解决办法，即把语音邮件从自己的声音改为自动消息，上下文衔接自然。故选D项。 3．下文“To avoid falling victim to these scams, consider having a safe word that only your family knows to use in emergencies. (为了避免成为这些诈骗的受害者，可以考虑设置一个只有你的家人知道的安全词，用于紧急情况。)”围绕设置家庭安全词来避免诈骗展开，B选项“Create a Family Safe Word (创建一个家庭安全词)”准确概括了这部分内容，适合作段首小标题。故选B项。 4．上文“Accounts that use voice biometric confirmation are becoming an increasing target. Any time a person needs to create new speech samples to log into accounts, these voice samples are often saved to consumers’ phones, making them easy targets for scammers to capture. (使用语音生物识别确认的账户正成为越来越多的目标。每当一个人需要创建新的语音样本来登录账户时，这些语音样本通常会被保存到消费者的手机中，这使他们很容易成为骗子的目标。)”指出使用语音生物识别确认账户存在风险，E选项“Facial recognition does provide an alternative (面部识别确实提供了一种替代方案)”提出了可以用面部识别来替代语音生物识别，从而避免语音样本被诈骗者获取的风险，与上文构成解决问题的逻辑关系。故选E项。 5．上文“If you answer a call from an unknown number, wait for the person or voice on the other end of the line to speak first. (如果你接听了一个未知号码的电话，先等电话另一端的人或声音先说话。)”建议接听未知号码电话时让对方先说话，G选项“As mentioned earlier, scammers only need a few seconds to record your voice (如前所述，诈骗者只需要几秒钟就能录制你的声音)”解释了这样做的原因，即减少自己说话的时间可以降低被诈骗者录制声音的风险，上下文逻辑紧密。故选G项。 Passage 3 （24-25学年高二下·四川省成都市金牛区成都七中万达集团学校联考·期中） As the snow melts and flowers begin to bloom, many of us look forward to experiencing warmer weather and brighter, longer days. 1 While the act of sorting and dusting aren’t necessarily fun, getting the house cleaned and organized is good for your mental health for several reasons. 2 Spring cleaning is an example of what psychologists refer to as “temporal landmarks” . Those are the moments in the time that signify a change, like a new term at school. A well-organised or redecorated living room might help your brain make that shift that you’re entering into a new phase of the year. It gives you a sense of control. 3 Cleaning your house is a great way to achieve that. After all, you might not be able to control the price of groceries, but you can control how organised your desk is. And while you can’t control the weather, you can control how comfortable your home feels. It may set other good habits in motion. 4 Getting your house in order may motivate you to get other areas of your life in order. You might feel inspired to get more exercise now that you’ve removed the stuff on your treadmill (跑步机), or you might go to sleep earlier because your room feels more peaceful. It can improve social life. If you’ve ever felt uneasy about the condition of your home to let anyone come inside, you’re not alone. 5 However, a cleaner space might help you feel more comfortable about opening up your home to others. A．It signals a fresh start. B．It enables you to embrace changes. C．Good habits can have a snowball effect. D．We feel best when we take charge of the things that we do have control over. E．Spring cleaning is the practice of thoroughly cleaning a house in the springtime. F．But this season can also bring with it a sense of anticipation(预期) for spring cleaning. G．Sometimes, the embarrassment of a messy house keeps people from hosting dinner parties. 【答案】1．F 2．A 3．D 4．C 5．G 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了春季清洁的好处。文章介绍了春季清洁对心理健康的益处，如获得一定程度的控制感，帮助我们建立好习惯和促进社交生活，清洁和整理房间能够让人充满活力，提高幸福感。 1．根据空前“As the snowmelt sand flowers begin to bloom, many of us look forward to experiencing warmer weather and brighter, longer days. (随着融雪的沙花开始绽放，我们中的许多人都期待着经历温暖的天气和更明亮、更长的日子)”空后“While the act of sorting and dusting aren’t necessarily fun, getting the house cleaned and organized is good for your mental health for several reasons.(虽然分类和除尘的行为不一定很有趣，但出于多种原因，打扫和整理房屋对您的心理健康有益)”可知，选项承上启下，引出下文关于春季大扫除对心理健康益处的内容，F项“But this season can also bring with it a sense of anticipation for spring cleaning. (但这个季节也会带来对春季大扫除的期待感)”符合语境，故选F项。 2．根据空后“Spring cleaning is an example of what psychologists refer to as “temporal landmarks” . Those are the moments in the time that signify a change, like a new term at school. A well-organised or redecorated living room might help your brain make that shift that you’re entering into a new phase of the year.(春季大扫除是心理学家所说的“时间地标”的一个例子。这些时刻意味着变化，就像学校的新学期一样。一个井井有条或重新装修的客厅可能会帮助你的大脑做出转变，让你进入一年的新阶段)”可知，本段主要讲述的是春季大扫除是一种时间标志，可以让人感觉到处于一种新的状态。与A项“It signals a fresh start. (它标志着一个新的开始)”上下文一致，故选A项。 3．根据空前主题句“It gives you a sense of control. (它给你一种控制感)”与空后“Cleaning your house is a great way to achieve that. After all, you might not be able to control the price of groceries, but you can control how organised your desk is. And while you can’t control the weather, you can control how comfortable your home feels.(打扫房子是实现这一目标的好方法。毕竟，您可能无法控制杂货的价格，但您可以控制办公桌的井井有条程度。虽然您无法控制天气，但您可以控制家的舒适度)”可知，此处应说明掌控能带来的感受。与D项“We feel best when we take charge of the things that we do have control over. (当我们负责我们能控制的事情时，我们感觉最好)”上下文一致，故选D项。 4．根据上文“It may set other good habits in motion.(这可能会促使其他良好习惯的养成)”可知，本句承接上文，说明好习惯的作用。故C选项“好习惯能够产生滚雪球般的效应”符合语境，故选C。 5．根据空前“If you’ve ever felt uneasy about the condition of your home to let anyone come inside, you’re not alone.(如果你曾经对房屋的状况感到不安，不让任何人进入，那么你并不孤单)”可知，此处应说明家里脏乱对社交的不良影响。G项“Sometimes, the embarrassment of a messy house keeps people from hosting dinner parties. (有时，凌乱的房子的尴尬使人们无法举办晚宴)”符合语境，故选G项。 Passage 4 （24-25学年高二下·四川省天立集团·期中） Many films and TV shows will tell you that sharks are scary and often eat beach–goers. 1 Sharks play an important ecological role in the ocean. Many of these fish are top predators (捕食者). They can help control populations of other animals. However, other sharks serve as clean- up crews, chowing down on migrating (迁徙的) birds when they fall out of the sky. 2 Migrating land-based birds that fall from the sky as they cross the Gulf of Mexico can end up in the belly of a young tiger shark. But not all sharks are meat-eaters. 18 As a group, sharks are much, much older than we are. The first shark— like fish appeared more than 400 million years ago. 3 Some have saw— toothed noses, and some may have big hooks on their heads. 4 They have super-sensitive noses and use snouts (鼻子) to find weak electrical signals from their food. Scientists are even trying to design materials to imitate shark’s bacteria-battling skin. A．But that’s simply not true. B．There are many different birds. C．Sharks also have a lot of fascinating talents. D．They usually migrate in a very long distance. E．Some are peaceful plant- eaters, like the whale shark. F．Since that time, they’ve existed in many different forms. G．Tiger sharks, for example, eat migratory birds that fall out of the sky. 【答案】1．A 2．G 3．E 4．F 5．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了鲨鱼的习性、天赋和重要性。 1．上文“Many films and TV shows will tell you that sharks are scary and often eat beach–goers.”（许多电影和电视节目都会告诉你，鲨鱼很可怕，而且经常吃去海滩的人。）讲鲨鱼不好的一方面，下文“Sharks play an important ecological role in the ocean.”（鲨鱼在海洋中起着重要的生态作用。）讲鲨鱼好的一方面，前后形成转折，与选项A. But that’s simply not true.（但这根本不是真的。）相一致。故选A。 2．上文“However, other sharks serve as clean- up crews, chowing down on migrating (迁徙的) birds when they fall out of the sky.”（然而，其他的鲨鱼则作为清洁工，当迁徙的鸟类从空中掉下来时，它们就会吃它们。）说明有的鲨鱼会吃鸟，与选项G. Tiger sharks, for example, eat migratory birds that fall out of the sky.（例如，虎鲨会吃从天上掉下来的候鸟。）相一致。故选G。 3．上文“But not all sharks are meat-eaters.”（但并非所有的鲨鱼都是肉食者。）说明有的鲨鱼不吃肉，与选项E. Some are peaceful plant- eaters, like the whale shark.（有些是和平的食草动物，比如鲸鲨。）相一致。故选E。 4．上文“As a group, sharks are much, much older than we are. The first shark— like fish appeared more than 400 million years ago.”（作为一个群体，鲨鱼比我们的年龄要大得多。第一条类似鲨鱼的鱼出现在4亿年前。）说明鲨鱼存在很长时间了，下文“Some have saw— toothed noses, and some may have big hooks on their heads.”（有些有锯齿状的鼻子，有些可能头上有大钩子。）说明不同鲨鱼长的样子各不相同，与选项F. Since that time, they’ve existed in many different forms.（从那时起，它们就以许多不同的形式存在了。）相一致。故选F。 5．下文“They have super-sensitive noses and use snouts (鼻子) to find weak electrical signals from their food. Scientists are even trying to design materials to imitate shark’s bacteria-battling skin.”（它们有超级敏感的鼻子，用鼻子从食物中寻找微弱的电信号。科学家们甚至试图设计材料来模仿鲨鱼对抗细菌的皮肤。）说明鲨鱼本领高强，与选项C. Sharks also have a lot of fascinating talents.（鲨鱼也有很多迷人的天赋。）相一致。故选C。 主题 01 人与自我 —— 生活与学习 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二下·四川省遂宁市射洪市射洪中学校·期中） If the only reading you ever do is the novel or magazine, the speed at which you read -probably does not matter very much. But if you have to read a great deal for study, you will appreciate the benefits of being able to read more quickly. 1 ·Before you open the book, make sure that you are comfortable. You need a seat which supports your back and the book should be at the right distance from your eyes. 2 3 Look at the table of contents, the preface, the chapter heading,etc.This will help you to decide whether you really need to read the whole book or only certain parts of it. Ten minutes spent in this way could save you quite a lot of time in the long run. If you decide that you need to read the whole book, decide how much you can read at a time. 4 A history book which may contain the facts in story form will be easier to read than one dealing with scientific subjects. In the former case you may be able to read a chapter. In the latter you may only be able to read one page. Always keep a pencil and paper beside you. 5 Note also the facts important for your purpose as well as anything which leads you to further research. You don't have to write these things in detail. It is enough to put the page number and one or two words as a reminder . A．Stop to have a rest now and then. B．Spend a few minutes looking through the book. C．This depends on the type of book you are reading. D．Here are some tips to help improve your reading speed. E．Make a note of any page which is of special importance. F．You may find yourself having to learn something by heart. G．Keep the room cool rather than warm to avoid feeling sleepy. 【答案】1．D 2．G 3．B 4．C 5．E 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些帮助提高阅读速度的建议。 1．根据上文“If the only reading you ever do is the novel or magazine, the speed at which you read -probably does not matter very much. But if you have to read a great deal for study, you will appreciate the benefits of being able to read more quickly.（如果你唯一的阅读是小说或杂志，那么你阅读的速度可能并不重要。但是，如果你必须大量阅读来学习，你就会感激能够更快地阅读的好处。）”可知，接下来要介绍提高阅读速度的方法。D项：Here are some tips to help improve your reading speed.（这里有一些帮助提高阅读速度的建议。）符合语境。故选D。 2．根据本段主题句“Before you open the book, make sure that you are comfortable.（在你打开书之前，确保你感到舒服。）”可知，本段主要说明要给自己创造舒适的阅读环境。G项：Keep the room cool rather than warm to avoid feeling sleepy.（保持房间凉爽而不是温暖以避免困倦。）符合语境。故选G。 3．空处为段落主题句。根据下文“Look at the table of contents, the preface, the chapter heading,etc（查看目录、前言、章节标题等。）”可知，本段主要讲述在阅读一本书之前要先浏览一下大致内容。B项：Spend a few minutes looking through the book.（花几分钟浏览一下这本书。）符合语境。故选B。 4．根据上文“If you decide that you need to read the whole book, decide how much you can read at a time.（如果你决定要读完整本书，决定一下你一次能读多少。）”和下文“A history book which may contain the facts in story form will be easier to read than one dealing with scientific subjects.（以故事形式包含事实的历史书比科学题材的书更容易阅读。）”可知，看书时间的长短取决于书的类型。C项：This depends on the type of book you are reading.（这取决于你读的书的类型。）符合语境。故选C。 5．根据段落主题句“Always keep a pencil and paper beside you.（总是在身边放一支铅笔和一张纸。）”可知，本段强调要随时注意记笔记。E项：Make a note of any page which is of special importance.（把任何有特别重要的一页都记下来。）符合语境。故选E。 Passage 2 （24-25学年高二下·四川省成都市成华区成都列五中学·期中） In the 1920s, Russian psychologist Bluma Zeigarnik observed a strange thing. While dining out, she was impressed by the complex orders the waiters were able to remember at one time. 1 This observation gave rise to the study of what would become known as the Zeigarnik Effect. The Zeigarnik Effect refers to our tendency to remember incomplete or interrupted tasks better than completed ones. At first glance the Zeigarnik Effect can seem like a handy adaptation: It’s good to remember the things we need to do, and it’s a positive thing to want to finish the things we start. 22 First, each incomplete task your brain reminds you about takes up a bit of your attention, making it harder to concentrate on whatever you’re currently working on. Second, even if we manage to physically disconnect from work, the Zeigarnik Effect ensures that our unfinished tasks follow us home. They bring trouble to our vacations, our weekends, and even our sleep. 23 So what can you do about it? Write your tasks down. Your brain is a terrible filing system. Instead of keeping tasks in your head, make a habit of writing them down as soon as they come to you. 2 Make a plan for tomorrow before you end the work day so your unfinished tasks don’t remain in your mind after-hours. Don’t forget to look back at how far you’ve come. 3 Therefore, review your completed tasks at the end of every week to celebrate what you’ve already. A．Establish a work shutdown routine. B．Have a system for expanding your job skills. C．The problem when it comes to our productivity is two-fold. D．Yet when customers checked out, these were totally forgotten. E．We always quickly forget everything we’ve already accomplished. F．We need a way to mentally disconnect in our hours away from work. G．You have to actually complete all of your tasks to feel mental relief from it. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．F 4．A 5．E 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了20世纪20年代，俄罗斯心理学家Bluma Zeigarnik观察到一件奇怪的事情。外出就餐时，服务员一次就能记住的复杂订单给她留下了深刻的印象。然而，当顾客结账时，这些都被完全遗忘了。这一现象称之为蔡加尼克效应。通过对这一现象的研究，说明了我们如何在下班后，在精神上得到解脱。 1．根据空前“In the 1920s, Russian psychologist Bluma Zeigarnik observed a strange thing. While dining out, she was impressed by the complex orders the waiters were able to remember at one time. (20世纪20年代，俄罗斯心理学家Bluma Zeigarnik观察到一件奇怪的事情。外出就餐时，服务员一次就能记住的复杂订单给她留下了深刻印象。)” 可知，空前介绍心理学家Bluma Zeigarnik观察到的一个现象，故D项“然而，当顾客结账时，这些都被完全遗忘了。”符合，此空继续描写观察到的这一现象，与前文构成转折关系，故选D项。 2．根据空前“At first glance the Zeigarnik Effect can seem like a handy adaptation: It’s good to remember the things we need to do, and it’s a positive thing to want to finish the things we start. (乍一看，蔡加尼克效应似乎是一个方便的适应；记住我们需要做的事情是件好事，想要完成我们开始的事情是一件积极的事情。）”以及后文“First, each incomplete task your brain reminds you about takes up a bit of your attention, making it harder to concentrate on whatever you’re currently working on. Second, even if we manage to physically disconnect from work, the Zeigarnik Effect ensures that our unfinished tasks follow us home. (首先，你大脑提醒你的每一项未完成的任务都会占用你的一点注意力，使你更难专注于你目前正在做的事情。其次，即使我们设法从身体上脱离工作，蔡加尼克效应也会确保我们未完成的任务会跟着我们回家。)”可知，此空承上启下，故C选项“当谈到我们的生产力时，这个问题是双重的。”符合，引出后文的提到的两方面的问题，一方面，大脑提醒你为完成的任务会让你很难专注你目前的事情，另一方面，即使身体上脱离了工作，但此效应也会让未完成的任务跟着我们回家，故选C项。 3．根据空前“They bring trouble to our vacations, our weekends, and even our sleep. (它们给我们的假期、周末甚至睡眠带来了麻烦。)”可知，前文提到蔡加尼克效应使我们未完成的任务会一直在精神上跟随我们，给我们的假期、周末甚至睡眠带来了麻烦，故F项“我们需要一种方法，在下班后的时间里，在精神上断开联系。”符合，因为这些未完成的任务在精神上跟着我们，给我们的假期、周末甚至睡眠带来了麻烦，因此我们需要一种方法，在下班后的时间里，在精神上断开联系，故选F项。 4．根据空后“Make a plan for tomorrow before you end the work day so your unfinished tasks don’t remain in your mind after-hours. . (在你结束一天的工作之前，为明天制定一个计划，这样你的未完成任务就不会在下班后留在你的脑海中。)”可知，空后提到制定第二天的计划，使自己精神上不被未完成的任务影响，故A选项“建立停工程序。”符合，提到建立停工程序即设定计划。故选A项。 5．根据空后“Therefore, review your completed tasks at the end of every week to celebrate what you’ve already. (因此，在每周末回顾一下你完成的任务，以庆祝你已经完成的任务。)”可知，此空与空后为因果关系，故E选项“我们总是很快就忘记了我们已经完成所有事情。”符合，与空后构成因果关系，我们总是很快就忘记了我们已经完成所有事情，因此我们需要每周回顾一下你完成的任务，以庆祝你已经完成的任务，故选E项。 主题 02 人与自我 —— 做人与做事 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二下·四川省绵阳市涪城区绵阳南山中学·期中） The Sunday scaries refer to an over-whelming feeling of fear and anxiety about going to work or school the next day. 1 But even though the Sunday scaries are common, they are manageable. Here’s how experts say you can ease your end-of-weekend anxiety. Structure your Sunday. Structure can be a best friend when feeling the Sunday scaries. Instead of sitting on the couch and watching the clock, go to do something that you enjoy. You might still get a sense of fear. 2 Thus, you should anticipate the weekend as a time to relax, connect with friends and family, and address items from a to-do list that get neglected during the workweek. Don’t forget to relax. When structuring your Sunday, try not to stuff in large quantities of business and chores. 3 Whatever feels like a helpful distraction to revive yourself can be adopted, maybe a body meditation, maybe a midafternoon bath, maybe an engaging show. 4 Anxiety is a normal human experience, and one of the main ways to manage it is to find out your personal triggers. So you need to pinpoint what’s really causing you to fear the week—Is it a deadline? meeting? Or presentation? Also, it is necessary to create multiple to-do lists, which can help put into perspective what’s important and what you can let go of for now. By doing all of these, you can decrease the anticipation of the stress and fear of the upcoming week. Create some excitement for the week ahead. Getting rid of the Sunday scaries isn’t just about minimizing the doom and gloom of the week ahead, either. Having something to look forward to gives you something to think about what’s pleasing, rather than just noticing the fear you feel. It’s a form of reframing your thoughts: Instead of focusing on the awful things you expect from the week, build excitement over a coffee or lunch date with a friend you’ve been meaning to catch up with.   5 . A．Reduce your sense of anxiety. B．Identify your anxiety sources. C．It is vital to make space for activities to relieve yourself. D．It is being experienced physically and mentally by most people. E．This can help decrease the feeling of stress and fear of the week F．This gives you the opportunity to shift your mindset and will improve your mood. G．But that feeling is harder to hold on to when you are really engaged in something that make you feel good. 【答案】1．D 2．G 3．C 4．B 5．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些缓解周日焦虑的方法。 1．根据空前内容“The Sunday scaries refer to an over-whelming feeling of fear and anxiety about going to work or school the next day. (周日恐惧指的是对第二天上班或上学的强烈恐惧和焦虑感。)”以及空后内容“But even though the Sunday scaries are common, they are manageable. (尽管周日的恐惧很常见，但它们是可控的。)”可知，空处内容和周日焦虑相关。选项D“It is being experienced physically and mentally by most people. (大多数人在身体上和精神上都经历过。)”讲述的是周日焦虑是大多数人都会经历的，符合上下文内容。故选D。 2．根据空前内容“Instead of sitting on the couch and watching the clock, go to do something that you enjoy. You might still get a sense of fear. (与其坐在沙发上看时钟，不如去做一些你喜欢的事情。你可能还是会有恐惧感。)”可知，与其发呆，不如做些喜欢的事情，或许会产生恐惧感。而空后“Thus, you should anticipate the weekend as a time to relax, connect with friends and family, and address items from a to-do list that get neglected during the workweek. (因此，你应该把周末作为一个放松的时间，与朋友和家人联系，并解决工作中被忽视的待办事项。)”可知，空处认为恐惧感不是问题。选项G“But that feeling is harder to hold on to when you are really engaged in something that make you feel good. (但是当你真正投入到让你感觉良好的事情中时，这种感觉就不复存在。)”符合上下文内容，指的是当你做喜欢的事情的时候，就不会再觉得恐惧。故选G。 3．根据空前内容“When structuring your Sunday, try not to stuff in large quantities of business and chores. (在安排你的周日时，尽量不要把大量的工作和杂务塞进去。)”可知，在安排周日时，不要安排大量的工作。而空后“Whatever feels like a helpful distraction to revive yourself can be adopted, maybe a body meditation, maybe a midafternoon bath, maybe an engaging show. (任何感觉有助于分散注意力的方法都可以采用，也许是身体冥想，也许是午后的沐浴，也许是一场引人入胜的表演。)”则推荐了一些有助于分散注意力的方法。选项C“It is vital to make space for activities to relieve yourself. (为缓解自己压力腾出空间是至关重要的。)”承上启下，符合上下文内容。故选C。 4．空处为小标题，为本段主要内容。根据下文内容“Anxiety is a normal human experience, and one of the main ways to manage it is to find out your personal triggers. So you need to pinpoint what’s really causing you to fear the week—Is it a deadline? meeting? Or presentation? Also, it is necessary to create multiple to-do lists, which can help put into perspective what’s important and what you can let go of for now. By doing all of these, you can decrease the anticipation of the stress and fear of the upcoming week. (焦虑是一种正常的人类经历，管理它的主要方法之一是找到你个人的触发因素。所以你需要找出真正让你害怕这一周的原因——是最后期限吗？会议？还是演讲？此外，有必要创建多个待办事项清单，这可以帮助你了解哪些是重要的，哪些是你现在可以放弃的。通过做所有这些，你可以减少对即将到来的一周的压力和恐惧。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是如果想减少周日焦虑，我们首先要确定焦虑的来源。选项B“Identify your anxiety sources. (确定焦虑的来源。)”符合本段大意，指的是确定焦虑源头。故选B。 5．根据空前内容“Having something to look forward to gives you something to think about what’s pleasing, rather than just noticing the fear you feel. It’s a form of reframing your thoughts: Instead of focusing on the awful things you expect from the week, build excitement over a coffee or lunch date with a friend you’ve been meaning to catch up with. (有了一些期待，你就会有一些东西去思考什么是令人愉快的，而不是仅仅注意到你所感受到的恐惧。这是一种重塑思维的方式：不要把注意力集中在一周中你期待的糟糕事情上，而是和你一直想见的朋友喝杯咖啡或共进午餐，让自己兴奋起来。)”可知，上文主要介绍的是把自己一周的期待放在美好的事情上，而不是糟糕的事情上。选项E“This can help decrease the feeling of stress and fear of the week (这可以帮助减少压力和恐惧的感觉)”是上文内容的延续，指的是如果你期待的是未来一周美好的事情，而不是糟糕的事情，那么你就不会那么焦虑。故选E。 Passage 2 （24-25学年高二下·四川省巴中市·期中） The act of making and being a friend is as simple as it is difficult. We spoke with experts to help find ways to make new friends, as well as to take better care of the friendships you already have. Here are few of their opinions. Accept the awkwardness (尴尬) and assume that other people need new friends, too When you reach out to somebody you don’t know well — whether that’s sending the first text message or making small talk in the elevator — you often feel uncomfortable. 1 . Otherwise you can’t have new friends. Remember that people will like you more than you think they will This opinion is based on science called the “liking gap”, which says that the little voice in your head telling you that somebody didn’t like you very much is wrong. 2 . Instead, when you talk to someone else, you’re actually going to brighten their day. Engage in activities that you love Ask anyone about how to make friends and they will most likely tell you to try a new hobby. It might sound hollow. 3 . Doing things you are actually interested in will naturally draw people to you because you’ll be in the right place with the right people. 4 , remind yourself that you love more than one thing. 5 The planet is warming, our news updates are constant, and there’s so much good television out there to watch. We get it. But if you want to keep your friendships alive, you have to be present for them. Listen to and notice things about your friends. A．Be Present B．But it works C．So don’t listen to it D．if it doesn’t work out E．Treat friends with respect F．If you want to be a cool and smart kid G．But you have to accept that awkwardness 【答案】1．G 2．C 3．B 4．F 5．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些交友的方法。 1．根据上文“When you reach out to somebody you don’t know well — whether that’s sending the first text message or making small talk in the elevator — you often feel uncomfortable.(当你与你不太熟悉的人联系时，无论是第一次发短信还是在电梯里聊天，你都会感到不舒服)”以及后文“Otherwise you can’t have new friends.(否则你就不能有新朋友了)”可知，后文提到不接受这种不舒服就无法获得新朋友，可知本句与上文构成转折，故G选项“但你必须接受这种尴尬”符合语境，故选G。 2．根据上文“This opinion is based on science called the “liking gap”, which says that the little voice in your head telling you that somebody didn’t like you very much is wrong.(这一观点基于一种叫做“喜欢差距”的科学，它说，你脑子里的小声音告诉你某人不太喜欢你是错误的)”以及后文“Instead, when you talk to someone else, you’re actually going to brighten their day.(相反，当你与其他人交谈时，你实际上会让他们的一天变得更加愉快)”可知，后文提到相反的情况，即不听从脑子里的这个声音，C选项中it对应上文the little voice。故C选项“不要听它的”符合语境，故选C。 3．根据上文“Ask anyone about how to make friends and they will most likely tell you to try a new hobby. It might sound hollow.(向任何人询问如何交朋友，他们很可能会告诉你尝试一种新的爱好。听起来可能很空洞)”可知，本段的建议是尝试新爱好，上文提到了很空洞，可知本句与上文构成转折，指出这一做法是可行的。故B选项“但它能起作用”符合语境，故选B。 4．根据上文“Doing things you are actually interested in will naturally draw people to you because you’ll be in the right place with the right people.(做你真正感兴趣的事情自然会吸引人们来找你，因为你会在正确的地方和正确的人在一起)”以及后文“remind yourself that you love more than one thing.(提醒自己，你爱的不止一件事)”可知，上文提到要做自己真正感兴趣的事情，可推测本句是对这一行为进行的假设：如果你想成为一个又酷又聪明的孩子。故F选项“如果你想成为一个又酷又聪明的孩子”符合语境，故选F。 5．根据本段内容“The planet is warming, our news updates are constant, and there’s so much good television out there to watch. We get it. But if you want to keep your friendships alive, you have to be present for them. Listen to and notice things about your friends.(地球正在变暖，我们的新闻不断更新，还有那么多好的电视可以看。我们明白了。但是如果你想保持友谊，你必须为他们而存在。倾听并注意你朋友的事情)”可知，本段的主旨是强调和朋友在一起，倾听并注意你朋友的事情，A选项Be Present对应后文be present。故A选项“在场”符合语境，故选A。 Passage 3 （24-25学年高二下·四川省眉山市东坡区眉山车城中学·期中） The Benefits of Keeping a Journal If you want to grow, one important thing you should do is keeping a journal. It may seem simple, but it can make a big difference in your life. I have been keeping journals for years. Writing all the lessons I learn and all the ideas I get has become a habit for me. And to be honest, I can’t imagine what my life would be like without it. 1 It prevents you from losing an idea. Have you ever gotten an idea only to lose it later because you didn’t write it down? 2 But then I developed the habit of writing down every idea that came into my mind as soon as possible. If I’m away from my computer, I usually write it down on a piece of paper that I bring wherever I go. I will then transfer the idea to the journal in my computer. It helps you review all the lessons you’ve learned. By reviewing your journal, you can quickly see the lessons you’ve learned and the ideas you’ve gotten. 3 You can use the ideas to propel (鞭策) yourself forward. 4 After keeping a journal for years, you can look back at it and see how far you’ve gone. Things that were big problems in the past might seem small today. The raw ideas you had in the past might have been realized today. It helps you expand your ideas. When you try to come up with a sentence to express an idea, you are thinking actively about it. 5 In the end, you will expand your ideas. A．I often experienced that myself. B．It trains you to express your thoughts. C．It allows you to see your progress over time. D．Just use whatever tool you feel comfortable with. E．Here are some benefits you will get by keeping a journal. F．Thinking actively helps you connect your idea to another idea. G．Then you can do whatever necessary to avoid repeating the same mistakes. 【答案】1．E 2．A 3．G 4．C 5．F 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了记日记的好处。 1．根据下文的it helps you...，可知，下文介绍的是记日记的重要性。该空总领下文，引出写日记的好处。故选E。 2．由该空上文“Have you ever gotten an idea only to lose it later because you didn’t write it down? ”（你是否曾经有过这样的经历:你曾经有过一个想法，但后来却因为没有把它写下来而失去了它?）可知，作者曾经有过这样的经历，有了一个主意却没有写下来，后来忘记了。从此以后，作者就养成了写日记的习惯。A项承上启下，故选A。 3．由前一句“ By reviewing your journal, you can quickly see the lessons you’ve learned and the ideas you’ve gotten. ”（通过回顾你的日记，你可以很快看到你学到的教训和你得到的想法。）可知，写日记可以帮助我们克服自己以前曾经遇见的错误，不会再犯同样的错误。G项承接上一句内容，故选G。 4．由下句“After keeping a journal for years, you can look back at it and see how far you’ve gone. ”（在写了几年的日记之后，你可以回顾一下，看看你已经走了多远。）可知，写日记可以让我们回顾过去，展望未来，故C项内容正确：它可以使你看到你的进步。故选C。 5．由上一句“you are thinking actively about it.”（你在积极地思考它。）以及后一句“In the end, you will expand your ideas.”（最后，你会扩展你的想法。）可知，空处讲述积极思考的好处。起到承上启下的作用。故选F。 Passage 4 （24-25学年高二下·四川省绵阳南山中学·期中） Everyone feels a little jealous (嫉妒的) once in a while. But when these feelings of jealousy begin to cause you stress, it’s probably time to start looking for ways to get rid of your jealousy. The techniques below can help you reflect on your jealousy and move on from any frustration in a healthy way. ●Acknowledge your feelings of jealousy. When you notice feelings of jealousy starting to creep in (悄然出现), take a few minutes to check in with yourself. Ask yourself “Am I jealous right now?” It’s perfectly normal to get jealous once in a while, so don’t be too hard on yourself. 36 ●Find the root of your jealousy. 1 Once you admit that you’re struggling with jealousy, it’s time to start looking into why you’re feeling that way. For example, low self-respect is often a cause of jealousy. Other possible causes include：past terrible experiences or mental health disorders. ●Talk about it with other people. If you have a lot of frustration caused by jealousy, don’t just keep it to yourself. Take time to sit down with your family member to tell them what’s going on. If you don’t want to talk to anyone, here are some other suggestions for how to cope: 2 You can also write down your thoughts and feelings in a journal. ●Focus on your positive qualities. Find your own unique strengths to defeat feelings of jealousy. Jealousy is often rooted in feelings of insecurity and low self-esteem. 3 When you start feeling those tell-tale signs of jealousy, remind yourself of all the things that make you amazing. ●Limit your time on social media. Social media tends to only show the “perfect” parts of someone’s life. If you struggle with jealousy, you can be tempted (诱惑) to look through other people’s profiles to look for faults. 4 To stop any jealous feelings from forming, log off for a while and do something more productive instead. A．Take exercise to burn off the stress. B．But most of the time those desires will just feed your jealousy. C．Occasionally there are deeper underlying issues that fuel jealousy. D．However, it’s vital to remember that you have a lot of special talents. E．Instead of envying someone with a lot of money, make your dollars count. F．Constantly setting yourself up against others can just make your jealousy worse. G．But sometimes just naming your emotions can help you gain control over them. 【答案】1．G 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了应对嫉妒的五种最佳方法。 1．根据该段标题“Acknowledge your feelings of jealousy.”（承认你的嫉妒感）以及上文“It’s perfectly normal to get jealous once in a while, so don’t be too hard on yourself.”（偶尔嫉妒是很正常的，所以不要对自己太苛刻。）提到偶尔嫉妒是很正常的。结合选项G项But sometimes just naming your emotions can help you gain control over them.（但有时只是说出你的情绪可以帮助你控制它们。）可知，承接上文内容，为对上文内容的语意递进，同时呼应标题。故选G项。 2．根据该段标题“Find the root of your jealousy.”（找到你嫉妒的根源）以及下文“Once you admit that you’re struggling with jealousy, it’s time to start looking into why you’re feeling that way.”（一旦你承认你在与嫉妒作斗争，是时候开始看看你为什么会有这种感觉了。）提到找出为什么会有这种嫉妒的感觉。结合选项C项Occasionally there are deeper underlying issues that fuel jealousy.（偶尔会有更深层次的潜在问题引发嫉妒。）可知，和上下文内容紧密连接，起到上下文的承上启下作用，符合语境。故选C项。 3．根据上文“If you don’t want to talk to anyone, here are some other suggestions for how to cope:”（如果你不想和任何人说话，这里有一些关于如何应对的其他建议。）提到有一些关于如何应对的其他建议。以及下文“You can also write down your thoughts and feelings in a journal.”（你也可以在日记中写下你的想法和感受。）提到在日记中写下你的想法和感受。结合选项A项Take exercise to burn off the stress.（通过锻炼来消除压力。）可知，起到上下文的承上启下作用，上下文语意连贯。故选A项。 4．根据上文“Find your own unique strengths to defeat feelings of jealousy. Jealousy is often rooted in feelings of insecurity and low self-esteem.”（找到自己独特的优势来战胜嫉妒的感觉。嫉妒通常源于不安全感和低自尊。）可知，讲的是嫉妒通常源于不安全感和低自尊。结合选项D项However, it’s vital to remember that you have a lot of special talents.（然而，重要的是要记住，你有很多特殊的才能。）可知，和上文内容紧密连接，同时引起下文，符合语境。故选D项。 5．根据上文“If you struggle with jealousy, you can be tempted(诱惑)to look through other people’s profiles to look for faults.”（如果你在嫉妒中挣扎，你可能会忍不住去看别人的资料，寻找缺点。）提到你可能会忍不住去看别人的资料，寻找缺点。结合选项B项But most of the time those desires will just feed your jealousy.（但大多数时候，这些欲望只会助长你的嫉妒。）可知，承接上文内容，为对上文内容的语意递进，符合语境。故选B项。 主题 03 人与社会 —— 科技与技术 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二下·四川省成都外国语学校·期中） Johannes Gutenberg--the ploneer of the printing press Johannes Gutenberg was chosen to be the most important figure of the past millennium (千年) by the media (媒体). You may not be familiar with him. 1 Gutenberg is praised for having invented the printing press and therefore preparing the way for printing books. He was born into a wealthy family in the city of Mainz, Germany. His early training was in goldsmithing. In 1428, he moved to Strasbourg and lived there for almost 20 years. 2 Gutenberg used his skills in metalwork for the mass (大批量) production of books. 3 That means that each copy of the Catholic bible (圣经) and all of its 73 books were painstakingly handwritten by men. Gutenberg fashioned a font (字体) of over 300 characters, far larger than the fonts of today. To make this possible, he invented the variable-width mold (模具) and perfected the mixture of materials used by type factories up to the present century. 4 The between 1450 and 1455,while preparing to produce a large Latin Bible, Gutenberg is thought to have printed a number of smaller books, a calendar, and a papal Letter of Indulgence. The Bible of 42 Lines, the oldest surviving printed book in the Western world, was completed by August 15,1456. The invention of the modem printing press changed the way information was delivered. 5 Even today in the computer age, we rely heavily on the printed word or text for instruction, information, and for the pleasure of reading literature. A．Gutenberg made the world a much richer place B．But he has certainly influenced your life in some ways C．Gutenberg's idea was one of the greatest of all mankind D．By 1450, Gutenberg was back in Mainz at work on a printing press E．In fact, this invention contributed a lot of educating the masses (大众) worldwide F．Before the spread of Gutenberg's idea, books were primarily handwritten G．It was in Strasbourg that he probably made his first experiments with moveable type and printing 【答案】1．B 2．G 3．F 4．D 5．E 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了印刷行业的先驱----印刷机的发明人约翰内斯·古登堡，他被媒体选为过去一千年里最重要的人物。 1．根据上文“You may not be familiar with him. (你可能并不熟悉他。)”和下文“Gutenberg is praised for having invented the printing press and therefore preparing the way for printing books. (Gutenberg因发明了印刷机而受到赞扬，从而为印刷书籍铺平了道路。)”可知设空处应过渡到要说他成为一个有影响力的人物，所以B项“但是他确实在一些方面影响了你的生活。”承上启下，起到过渡的作用。故选B。 2．根据上文“In 1428, he moved to Strasbourg and lived there for almost 20 years. (1428年，他搬到了斯特拉斯堡，在那里住了将近20年)。可推断下文应是他在Strasbourg发生的事情，Strasbourg是关键信息词，故 G项“正是在Strasbourg，他可能用活字印刷做了他的第一次试验。”符合句意。故选G。 3．根据上文“Gutenberg used his skills in metalwork for the mass (大批量) production of books. (Gutenberg在书籍的大量生产方面使用了他对金属制品的技能。)”和下文“That means that each copy of the Catholic bible (圣经) and all of its 73 books were painstakingly handwritten by men. (那就意味着每本天主教圣经以及所有的73本书全部都是penmen精心手写的。)”可知设空处应该是写那个时期没有硬刷术之前，主要是手写一些著作，所以F项“在Gutenberg的方法传播之前，文学著作主要都是手写的。”符合上下文语境。故选F。 4．根据下文“The between 1450 and 1455,while preparing to produce a large Latin Bible, Gutenberg is thought to have printed a number of smaller books, a calendar, and a papal Letter of Indulgence. (在1450年到1455年之间，古登堡在准备制作一本大本拉丁文《圣经》的同时，被认为印刷了一些小书、一本日历和一封教皇的宽赦信。)”可知设空处应描写1450年之前他所做的事情，故D项“到1450年为止，Gutenberg回到Mainz致力于印刷机的工作。”符合句意。故选D。 5．根据上文“The invention of the modem printing press changed the way information was delivered. (现代印刷机的发现改变了信息的传递方式。)” 可知本段主要介绍的是印刷机发性的意义，故E项“事实上，这项发明也对全世界的大众教育起到积极作用。”符合上下文语境。故选E。 Passage 2 （24-25学年高二下·四川省成都市成华区某校·期中） In a fast-paced world, stress and mental tiredness seem common. Some people take a hot bath, go for a run, or listen to slow music to help them relax. But what about the sound of birds singing and other nature sounds? 1 According to a study by King’s College London in 2022, seeing or hearing birds could help to boost the mental well- being of people. Taking a trip to a place rich in birdlife like parks, forests and canals and encountering birds whistling to each other in the trees could even help to treat some mental health conditions. 2 Another study conducted by the National Trust compared the effects of woodland sounds with voiced meditation (冥想) apps. The study found listening to birdsong as well as other woodland sounds underfoot or the gentle sound of a stream boosted feelings of relaxation 30% more than an app. 3 They are waves lapping on the shore, gentle winds, and light rainfall. 4 Could the nature sounds that originate there still help you? According to the research by California Polytechnic State University, even a recording of the sounds of birds had a great effect on people’s mood, while other studies saw people listening to soundscapes (声景) of the coast and forests with similar outcomes to their well-being. 5 Whether you take a walk through a wood or wear some headphones, listening to the birdsong could help you to relax after a long, hard day. A．Birdsong is always good for mental health. B．Other sounds may also help to ease people up. C．However, not all of us live in rural surroundings. D．A similar effect was also seen in people with mental problems. E．And it’s not just birds that could have a healing effect on our moods. F．Research shows they also help people let go of the tension of modern life. G．So, wherever you live, you can access the wonderful sounds of birds and nature. 【答案】1．F 2．E 3．B 4．C 5．G 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，自然声音如鸟鸣能显著提升心理健康，相比冥想应用，林地声音更能帮助放松。无论是实地体验还是听录音，都能有效缓解压力。 1．前文提及“In a fast-paced world, stress and mental tiredness seem common. Some people take a hot bath, go for a run, or listen to slow music to help them relax. But what about the sound of birds singing and other nature sounds?(在一个快节奏的世界里，压力和精神疲劳似乎很常见。有些人洗个热水澡，去跑步，或者听慢音乐来帮助他们放松。但是鸟儿的歌声和其他自然的声音呢?)”，结合后文第二段“According to a study by King’s College London in 2022, seeing or hearing birds could help to boost the mental well- being of people.(根据伦敦国王学院2022年的一项研究，看到或听到鸟类有助于促进人们的心理健康) ”可知，空格处应该表明鸟儿的歌声和其他自然的声音也能够让人们放松，F选项“Research shows they also help people let go of the tension of modern life.(研究表明，它们还能帮助人们释放现代生活的紧张感)”符合上下文逻辑，其中选项中的also help与前文的help是提示词，也是同词复现。故选F。 2．前文“According to a study by King’s College London in 2022, seeing or hearing birds could help to boost the mental well- being of people. Taking a trip to a place rich in birdlife like parks, forests and canals and encountering birds whistling to each other in the trees could even help to treat some mental health conditions. (根据伦敦国王学院2022年的一项研究，看到或听到鸟类有助于促进人们的心理健康。去公园、森林和运河等鸟类丰富的地方旅行，遇到在树上互相吹口哨的鸟，甚至可以帮助治疗一些心理健康问题)”提到伦敦国王学院的研究结论，后文“Another study conducted by the National Trust compared the effects of woodland sounds with voiced meditation (冥想) apps.(国民信托组织进行的另一项研究比较了林地声音和语音冥想应用程序的影响)”接着介绍另外一个研究，表明其它自然声音对心理健康的影响，可知空格处应该总结上文的同时引出其他的对心理健康有积极作用的声音，D选项“And it’s not just birds that could have a healing effect on our moods.(不仅仅是鸟类对我们的情绪有治疗作用)”，其中选项中的not just是提示词，表明不止鸟鸣对心理健康有积极作用。故选E。 3．前文描述“The study found listening to birdsong as well as other woodland sounds underfoot or the gentle sound of a stream boosted feelings of relaxation 30% more than an app. (研究发现，听鸟鸣、脚下的其他林地声音或溪流的轻柔声音比听应用程序更能让人放松30%)”说明了自然声音的正面效果，下文“They are waves lapping on the shore, gentle winds, and light rainfall.(它们是拍打海岸的海浪、轻柔的风和小雨。)”列举了一些其它的声音，空格处应该引出其它声音的治疗效果，故选B“Other sounds may also help to ease people up.(其他的声音也可以帮助人们放松)”承上启下，符合题意。故选B。 4．前文引出适合放松的自然声音，下文“Could the nature sounds that originate there still help you?(来自那里的自然声音还能对你有帮助吗?)”中的there是关键词，空格中需要解释是“哪里”，C选项“However, not all of us live in rural surroundings.(然而，并非我们所有人都生活在乡村环境中)”解释了there指代“rural surroundings”，同时引出后文谈到如何在城市或其他非乡村环境中接触到这些声音，符合题意。故选C。 5． 前文“even a recording of the sounds of birds had a great effect on people’s mood, while other studies saw people listening to soundscapes (声景) of the coast and forests with similar outcomes to their well-being. (即使是鸟鸣的录音也会对人们的情绪产生很大的影响，而其他研究发现，人们听海岸和森林的音景(声景)也会对他们的幸福感产生类似的影响)”谈到研究表明即便是录音的自然声音也有积极效果，说明无论所处环境如何，都可以通过现代科技或其他方式接触到自然声音，故G选项“So, wherever you live, you can access the wonderful sounds of birds and nature.(所以，无论你在哪里生活，你都可以听到美妙的鸟鸣和大自然声音)”承接上文，符合题意。故选G。 Passage 3 （24-25学年高二下·四川省成都市树德中学·期中） When I was in primary school, reading index cards (索引卡) under the guidance of our librarian was how my classmates and I located the books we wanted and entered the world of ideas. It was amazing. 1 Then the same librarian explained that book-locating information was also available on a website. We could select books without even leaving our chairs. 2 The librarian was not confident that the new technology would last. So, as kids, we kept one foot planted in each world, learning the digital landscape while also physically exploring libraries. Throughout educational history, new tools have been accepted, rejected, or ignored. Digital card catalogues (目录) are an example of tools that facilitate learning, leading many schools to adopt a generally friendly attitude toward new technologies. 3 Some tools negatively affect our learning, the most recent example being ChatGPT. ChatGPT is an artificial intelligence (AI) chatbot that can respond to the questions one asks, drawing on stores of information and its interactions with other users. Where ChatGPT impacts education is in completing tasks assigned to students. Students can quit thinking — allowing ChatGPT to digest difficult readings on their behalf. 34 But learning to write is learning to think. Thinking is something we need to grow and progress as human beings. 4 ChatGPT and related technologies destroy this important task. I recommend that students resist employing them in the context of reading and writing if they wish to be transformed by their learning. A．Sure, AI can do these tasks for us. B．Education is meant to shape a person. C．But not all tools are equally constructive. D．They can also ask it to construct essays assigned by professors. E．If allowed to have access to AI-based tools, no one would ever think. F．However, this whole process seemed disappointing the very next day. G．In those days, we were living between the digital and pre-digital worlds. 【答案】1．F 2．G 3．C 4．D 5．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了教育技术的发展，特别是人工智能聊天机器人ChatGPT在教育中的应用，以及它对学生的学习和思考能力可能产生的负面影响，呼吁学生在阅读和写作中保持独立思考。 1．前文“When I was in primary school, reading index cards (索引卡) under the guidance of our librarian was how my classmates and I located the books we wanted and entered the world of ideas. It was amazing. (在我上小学的时候，在图书管理员的指导下阅读索引卡是我和同学们找到我们想要的书，进入思想世界的方式。太神奇了)”提到用传统的索引卡检索图书的方法，学生对这一方法感到惊奇，后文“Then the same librarian explained that book-locating information was also available on a website. (然后，同一个图书管理员解释说，在一个网站上也可以找到图书定位信息)”提到在线检索的便捷，空处应实现过渡，可能与传统方法的不足有关，因此F项“However, this whole process seemed disappointing the very next day. (然而，第二天，整个过程似乎令人失望)”符合语境，指出索引卡检索让人失望，和前文构成转折，引出后文。故选F。 2．后文“The librarian was not confident that the new technology would last. So, as kids, we kept one foot planted in each world, learning the digital landscape while also physically exploring libraries. (图书管理员对这项新技术能否持续下去没有信心。所以，当我们还是孩子的时候，我们在每个世界都有自己的足迹，一边学习数字世界，一边探索图书馆)”具体讲述了“我们”在图书馆中同时使用两种方法，空处作为段首句，应该会总的概括这种情况，因此G项“In those days, we were living between the digital and pre-digital worlds. (在那些日子里，我们生活在数字和前数字世界之间)”符合语境，用“生活在数字和前数字世界之间”概括了当时的情况，契合后文内容。故选G。 3．前文“Digital card catalogues (目录) are an example of tools that facilitate learning, leading many schools to adopt a generally friendly attitude toward new technologies. (数字卡片目录是促进学习的工具的一个例子，导致许多学校对新技术采取普遍友好的态度)”以数字卡片目录为例，讲述了新工具的优势，后文“Some tools negatively affect our learning, the most recent example being ChatGPT. (有些工具会对我们的学习产生负面影响，最近的例子是ChatGPT)”以ChatGPT为例，指出有些工具也有不利影响，空处应实现过渡，应该会指出并非所有工具都有积极影响，因此C项“But not all tools are equally constructive. (但不是所有的工具都同样有助益)”符合语境，说明新工具并非只有好处，和前文构成转折，引出后文。故选C。 4．前文“Where ChatGPT impacts education is in completing tasks assigned to students. Students can quit thinking — allowing ChatGPT to digest difficult readings on their behalf. (ChatGPT对教育的影响在于完成分配给学生的任务。学生可以停止思考，让ChatGPT代替他们消化困难的阅读材料)”提到ChatGPT影响学生完成任务的情况，用学生阅读作业的例子进行说明，空处作为段末句，应该会继续举例说明ChatGPT可以帮助学生完成的任务，因此D项“They can also ask it to construct essays assigned by professors. (他们还可以要求它编写教授布置的论文)”符合语境，指出它可以写论文，承接前文。故选D。 5．前文“But learning to write is learning to think. Thinking is something we need to grow and progress as human beings. (但是学习写作就是学习思考。思考是我们作为人类成长和进步所需要的东西)”指出学习写作背后代表的思考对于人的重要性，后文“ChatGPT and related technologies destroy this important task. (ChatGPT和相关技术破坏了这一重要任务)”表明ChatGPT和相关技术的破坏性，空处应实现过渡，会说明ChatGPT这类技术导致人放弃思考，因此E项“If allowed to have access to AI-based tools, no one would ever think. (如果允许使用基于人工智能的工具，没有人会思考)”符合语境，指出人会因为基于人工智能的工具而不再思考，承前启后。故选E。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $