Unit 2 Discovering Useful Structures（导学案）（含思维提升训练）英语人教版必修第三册

人教版必修第三册Unit 2 MORALS AND VIRTUES Discovering Useful Structures（导学案） 1. 掌握-ing形式作状语、宾语补足语的用法，明确其功能和含义，并能从单元中找出更多相关例句。 2. 能识别语篇（句子、短文）中-ing形式作状语、宾语补足语的用法，提升语篇分析能力。 3. 能运用恰当的-ing形式完成句子填空，巩固-ing形式的实际应用能力。 4. 结合人物动作描述语境，理解-ing形式在具体场景中的表达效果，提升语境运用能力。 一、基础词汇记忆 1. ________ /kəmˈpleɪn/ v. 抱怨；投诉 → ________ /kəmˈpleɪnt/ n. 抱怨；投诉 2. ________ /tjuːˈɪʃn/ n. 学费；教学 3. ________ /klɪnɪk/ n. 诊所；门诊部 4. ________ /ˈriːpʌblɪk/ n. 共和国；共和政体 5. ________ /pleɪ/ v. 扮演；玩；打（球） → ________ /ˈpleɪɪŋ/ n. 扮演；演奏 adj. 起作用的 6. ________ /fiːl/ v. 感觉；认为 → ________ /ˈfiːlɪŋ/ n. 感觉；情感 7. ________ /ˈwʌri/ v. 担心；担忧 n. 担心；忧虑 → ________ /ˈwʌriɪŋ/ adj. 令人担忧的 8. ________ /hɪə(r)/ v. 听见；听说 → ________ /ˈhɪərɪŋ/ n. 听力；听觉 9. knock /nɒk/ v. 敲；击 n. ________ 10. ________ /feɪs/ v. 面对；面临 n. 脸；面部 11. ________ /rɪˈtɜːn/ v. 返回；归还 n. 返回；归还 12. ________ /swaɪl/ v. 微笑 n. 微笑 → ________ /ˈswaɪlɪŋ/ adj. 微笑的 13. ________ /hɜːt/ v. 伤害；刺痛 adj. 受伤的；难过的 14. ________ /rɪˈdʒekʃn/ n. 拒绝；排斥 二、词块记忆 1.抱怨某事 ___________ 2.私立诊所 ___________ 3.起关键作用 ___________ 4.面临困难 ___________5.担心某人 ___________ 6.敲门 ___________ 7.返回某地 ___________ 8.微笑着 ___________ 9.感到受伤 ___________ 10.拒绝某人 ___________ 【知识梳理1】reject /rɪˈdʒekt/ vt. 拒绝接受；不录用 【常用搭配】 reject a suggestion 拒绝建议 reject an offer 拒绝提议 reject sb. for a job 不录用某人 【即学即练】 1. He applied for the position but ______ (reject) because of lack of experience. 2. They decided to reject the plan ______ complete lack of practical value. 3. His ______ (reject) came as a great surprise to all of us. 4. 因为不符合要求，他的申请被拒绝，这让他感到非常失望。 His application ______ for not meeting the requirements, making him very disappointed. 5. 公司有权拒绝任何不能提供有效证明的求职者。 The company has the right to ______ who cannot provide valid certificates. 【知识梳理2】appoint /əˈpɔɪnt/ vt. 任命；委派 【常用搭配】 appoint sb. as 任命某人为…… appoint sb. to do sth. 委派某人做某事 【即学即练】 1. They appointed him ______ manager of the department last week. 2. We must appoint someone ______ (take) charge of the project immediately. 3. 校长任命她为班长，希望她能更好地服务班级。 The headmaster appointed her ______ and hoped she could serve the class better. 4. 公司决定委派一位经验丰富的员工负责这个重要项目。 The company decided to ______ take charge of the important project. 【知识梳理3】elect /ɪˈlekt/ vt. 选举；推选 【常用搭配】 elect sb. as 选举某人为…… elect sb. to do sth. 推选某人做某事 run for election 参加竞选 【即学即练】 1. We elected him ______ our representative at the meeting. 2. All students hope to elect a person ______ (lead) the team. 3. The ______ (elect) will be held at the end of this month. 4. 我们一致推选她为学生会主席，因为她很有责任心。 We all elected her ______ for her strong sense of responsibility. 5. 人们通常会选举那些真正关心他们利益的人。 People usually elect those who ______ at heart. 【知识梳理4】tend /tend/ vt. 照顾；照料 vi. 倾向；趋于 【常用搭配】 tend the sick 照顾病人 tend to do sth. 易于做某事；往往会发生某事 tend to/towards 倾向于…… 【即学即练】 1. People tend ______ (make) mistakes when they are tired. 2. She is very patient and often tends ______ the elderly. 3. 冬天人们更容易感冒，所以要注意保暖和锻炼。 People ______ catch cold in winter, so keep warm and exercise. 4. 护士细心照料病人，帮助他们早日恢复健康。 Nurses carefully ______ and help them recover soon. 【知识梳理5】retire /rɪˈtaɪə(r)/ vi.&vt. 退休；退职；退出 【常用搭配】 retire from work 退休 retire at the age of... 在……岁退休 retire from competition 退出比赛 【即学即练】 1. He will retire ______ his job next year and enjoy his life. 2. After ______ (retire), he devoted himself to gardening. 3. 我父亲计划在60岁退休，然后去环游世界。 My father plans to ______ and travel around the world. 4. 这位著名运动员因伤决定退出比赛，令人感到遗憾。 The famous player decided to ______ because of injury. 【知识梳理6】scared /skeəd/ adj. 害怕的；对…感到惊慌或恐惧 【常用搭配】 be scared of sth./sb. 害怕某物/某人 be scared to do sth. 害怕做某事 be scared that... 害怕…… 【即学即练】 1. She is scared ______ walking alone at night. 2. He is scared ______ (tell) the truth to his parents. 3. 很多孩子害怕黑暗，所以他们需要父母的陪伴。 Many children ______ the dark, so they need their parents’ company. 4. 他害怕在众人面前讲话，因此不敢参加演讲比赛。 He ______ speak in public, so he dare not join the speech contest. 【知识梳理7】replace /rɪˈpleɪs/ vt. 接替；取代；更换 【常用搭配】 replace sb. 取代某人 replace sth. with sth. 用……替换…… replace a part 更换零件 【即学即练】 1. Nothing can replace true friendship ______ our life. 2. They decided to replace the old machine ______ a new one. 3. 没有人能取代母亲在我们心中的重要位置。 No one can ______ in our hearts. 4. 我们应该用环保材料代替塑料来保护环境。 We should ______ to protect the environment. 【知识梳理8】operation /ˌɒpəˈreɪʃn/ n. 手术；企业；经营 【常用搭配】 perform an operation 做手术 undergo an operation 接受手术 in operation 在运行中 【即学即练】 1. The doctor will perform an ______ (operate) on him tomorrow. 2. The machine has been ______ operation for ten years. 3. 他需要马上接受手术，否则情况会变得更糟。 He needs to ______ immediately, or his condition will worsen. 4. 这家工厂已经运营多年，为很多人提供了工作。 The factory has been ______ for years and offered jobs to many people. 【知识梳理9】whisper /ˈwɪspə(r)/ vi.＆vt.悄声说；耳语；低语 n.耳语；低语；传言；谣传 【常用搭配】 whisper to sb. 对某人耳语 whisper in one’s ear 在某人耳边低语 in a whisper 低声地 【即学即练】 1. She whispered ______ me so that no one else could hear. 2. They talked ______ a whisper in order not to wake the baby. 3. 她在我耳边低语，告诉我一个谁也不知道的秘密。 She ______ and told me a secret known to nobody else. 4. 孩子们在图书馆里低声交谈，以免打扰别人。 Children ______ in the library so as not to disturb others. 【知识梳理10】assist /əˈsɪst/ vt. 帮助；援助 【常用搭配】 assist sb. in doing sth. 帮助某人做某事 assist sb. with sth. 在某方面帮助某人 assist in sth. 协助某事 【即学即练】 1. He often assists me ______ my English study after school. 2. We will assist you ______ (solve) the problem as soon as possible. 3. 这位年轻护士协助医生完成了一场非常困难的手术。 The young nurse ______ a very difficult operation. 4. 志愿者们帮助老人过马路，并为他们提东西。 Volunteers ______ cross the street and carry things for them. 【知识梳理11】pass away 去世 【常用搭配】 pass away 去世；逝世 pass by 经过；路过；（时间）流逝 pass down 传递；遗传；流传 pass on 传递；转达；继续前进 pass through 穿过；经过（某地）；经历（困难等） 【即学即练】 1.The old man, who was kind to everyone, passed ______ peacefully in his sleep last night. 2.When I was waiting for the bus, a red car passed ______ quickly, leaving a cloud of dust. 3.These ancient stories have been passed ______ from our grandparents to us for hundreds of years. 4.Could you please pass ______ the dictionary to me? I need to look up a new word. 5.Our plane will pass ______ a heavy rain area before landing at the airport. 【知识梳理12】memory /ˈmeməri/ n. 记忆力；回忆 【常用搭配】 have a good memory 记忆力好 lose one’s memory 失忆 in memory of 作为对……的纪念 【即学即练】 1. He has a very good ______ (memorize) for numbers. 2. The old photo brings back lots of happy ______ (memory). 3. 随着年龄增长，一些老人的记忆力可能会逐渐下降。 Some elderly people’s ______ may gradually drop as they age. 4. 这些老照片让我们想起了童年的美好回忆。 These old photos bring us ______ of childhood. 5. 人们建了这座雕像来纪念那些为国家牺牲的英雄。 People built the statue ______ who died for the country. 【知识梳理13】Thinking of all the people still in need of help, Dr Lin opened a private clinic. 想到所有仍需要帮助的人，林医生开了一家私人诊所。 【句式剖析】句中Thinking of…是v‑ing形式作原因状语，表动作发生的原因，逻辑主语与主句主语一致。 【例句】 Being ill, he didn’t go to school. 因为生病，他没去上学。 Knowing the truth, she felt very sad. 知道真相后，她感到很难过。 【句式拓展】v‑ing作原因状语常放句首，表原因，主语必须与主句主语保持一致。 【例句】 Not knowing his address, I couldn’t visit him. 不知道他的地址，我没法拜访他。 Seeing the accident, he called 120 at once. 看到事故，他立刻拨打了120。 【即学即练】 完成句子。 1._______________ the bad weather, we put off the sports meeting. 2._______________ how to solve the problem, he turned to the teacher for help. 3.因为担心母亲的健康，他连夜赶回了家。_______________ his mother’s health, he hurried home overnight. 4.不知道该做什么，她只好向朋友求助。_______________ what to do, she had to ask her friends for help. 【知识梳理14】The new People's Republic of China saw Dr Lin Qiaozhi playing a key role. 新中国成立后，林巧稚医生发挥了关键作用。 【句式剖析】句中playing a key role是v‑ing作宾语补足语，用于see sb. doing结构，强调动作正在进行。 【例句】 I saw him crossing the street. 我看见他正在过马路。 We heard the girl singing in the next room. 我们听见女孩在隔壁唱歌。 【句式拓展】感官动词see/hear/watch/feel+sb.+doing，强调动作正在进行；+do强调动作全过程。 【例句】 I watched the children playing games. 我看着孩子们在玩游戏。 She felt her heart beating fast. 她感到心跳得很快。 【即学即练】 完成句子。 1.When I passed by, I saw them _______________ on the playground. 2.We could hear someone _______________ for help in the distance. 3.我看见一位老人正在路边慢慢散步。I saw an old man _______________ by the road. 4.妈妈闻到东西烧焦了，立刻跑进厨房。Mom smelt something _______________ and rushed into the kitchen. 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. After his kind offer was refused，he felt a deep sense of _______________ (reject). 2. She made an _______________ (appoint) with the dentist to check her teeth next Monday morning. 3. All citizens have the right to vote in the _______________ (elect)of the city’s new mayor this year. 4. People who live in warm areas tend_______________ (do) choose light and comfortable clothes in daily life. 5. The _______________ (retire) teacher often goes to the school to help students with their English after school. 6. The little girl was so _______________ (scare) when she saw the big dog running towards her suddenly. 7. We need to find a suitable _______________ (replace)for the old machine that has broken down completely. 8. The doctor said the _______________ (operate) on the patient’s heart would take at least three hours. 9. She told me the secret in _______________ whisper so that no one else in the room could hear it. 二、根据汉语意思完成句子 1. 那位受人尊敬的老教授去年安详离世，全城人都为他感到悲痛。 The respected old professor ________________________ last year, and the whole city felt sad for him. 2. 为了纪念那些牺牲的消防员，人们在广场上立了一座高高的纪念碑。 People built a tall monument in the square ________________________ those fallen firefighters. 3. 因为担心错过重要的会议，他一大早就起床收拾东西赶往机场。 ________________________ the important meeting, he got up early to pack and rush to the airport. 4. 我路过操场时，看到几个学生正在操场上开心地踢足球、聊家常。 When I passed the playground, I ________________________ happily on the playground. 一、阅读理解 A （河北省保定市定兴县河北定兴第三中学2025-2026学年高一下学期开学考试）Leslie Shogren wanted to go to Semicolon Bookstore in Chicago to celebrate her birthday. When she checked out that day in July 2020, she asked the woman at the register if she was Danielle Moore, the bookstore’s owner. “Yeah, are you Leslie?” Moore replied, flashing her bright smile. Since 2019, Moore has been adding her personal touch to everything she does at Semicolon Bookstore. Inside, bookshelves are arranged well, with front-facing books showed like art. The walls are packed with prints, paintings, and sayings. Comfortable desks invite visitors to read. It’s important to Moore that customers consider the store a “third space” — not home or work, but someplace that “still feels like a place for belonging”. Moore also welcomes classes into the store, and students pick out what they want for free. So far, Semicolon Bookstore has given 13,000 books to Chicago school students. Moore and her workers have collected books for 52 schools and donated books to 27 organizations. Devonta Boston, a founder of the TGi Movement, which brings youth development programming to young people in Chicago, appreciates what Semicolon Bookstore does for local kids. Andrea Beschel, the owner of a nearby shop, said Moore made the whole street feel like a neighborhood and was the first business owner who came in and interacted with him and invited him to join in the activities, so that was really cool. “She brings a good spirit to the block,” adds Cesar Buendia, the owner of another shop.“ She came in and offered us books, but we were remodeling. She said she’ll come back when we’re done.” “However, some people don’t always see something that bookstores can offer. And that’s the human connection; that’s the community building; that’s the space-making which happens when you support your local bookstore,” Moore says. “That is absolutely our spirit Bookstore. We live by it. We believe in moving in love and community above all.” 1．What is the main purpose of Moore’s efforts at Semicolon Bookstore? A．To create a unique space for customers. B．To make it Chicago’s largest bookstore. C．To compete with other businesses. D．To save money for her customers. 2．How does Semicolon Bookstore support local education? A．By starting a fund for local kids. B．By offering free books to students. C．By giving career guidance to students. D．By building some schools for local kids. 3．What can we infer from Andrea Beschel’s and Cesar Buendia’s words? A．They planned to open bookstores. B．Moore set standards for local shops. C．They were not fond of her activities. D．Moore built up community connection. 4．What does Moore emphasize in the last paragraph? A．The importance of book variety. B．The challenge of making profits. C．The strategy of attracting customers. D．The hidden value of local bookstores. B （辽宁名校联盟2025-2026学年高一下学期3月联考）Pioneering eye doctor Professor Fred Hollows had a simple vision that everyone in the world should have access to good eye care and sight-restoring surgery. Instead of building a profitable private practice, Fred chose to focus on breaking down the barriers to eye care for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people in Australia and for people in poor countries worldwide. Unfortunately, in 1989, Fred was diagnosed with cancer. Knowing his time was limited, he became a man on a mission to make sure his work would continue. Just before he passed away in 1993, he was convinced by his wife, Gabi Hollows, to establish The Fred Hollows Foundation. Gabi, the Foundation’s founding director, describes their work as “like dropping a stone in the lake and watching the ripples grow.” Fred’s early approach was simple: treat eye problems, train local eye health workers, and make technology affordable. This “treat, train and equip” method became the blueprint for the Foundation’s work. For example, in Nepal, Fred partnered with a young doctor, Sanduk Ruit. Together, they set up training and built factories that could produce high-quality lenses (晶体) for eye surgery for less than $5, a huge reduction from the $150 they cost in industrialised countries. Over the past 30 years, The Fred Hollows Foundation has restored sight to more than 3 million people worldwide. It has also delivered over 200 million doses of antibiotics to fight trachoma (沙眼), an infectious disease that causes blindness. The Foundation has persuaded governments to include eye health in their national health plans. Fred was driven by a powerful sense of injustice. He believed it was “not right to let people go blind when they don’t have to.” Today, the Foundation he inspired is one of Australia’s best-known charities. Though there are still many challenges, his Foundation and his spirit live on, ensuring his crucial work continues across the globe. 5．Why was The Fred Hollows Foundation established? A．To continue Fred’s mission. B．To expand a private clinic. C．To get support from government. D．To honor Gabi Hollows. 6．How was lens cost reduced? A．By importing cheaper ones. B．By producing lens locally. C．By receiving donations. D．By reusing surgical lenses. 7．Which words can best describe Fred? A．Selfless and responsible. B．Ambitious and humble. C．Reserved and ordinary. D．Cautious and fortunate. 8．What does the passage mainly describe? A．Advances in eye surgery. B．A doctor’s charity mission. C．The history of trachoma. D．Charity management in Australia. C （河北廊坊2025-2026学年高一上学期期未）Each day, thousands of people are living in the streets rather than houses or the shelters of cities and towns across America. The U. S. Department of Housing and Urban Development says one-fifth of the 610,000 homeless across the country suffer from mental illness. Fortunately, a non-profit organization called Micah Ministry has received large donations from wealthy philanthropists. With the money, Micah Ministry is able to house homeless people. Doris Buffett, the sister of billionaire Warren Buffett, is one of the philanthropists. Recently, she has donated one million dollars to Micah Ministry. Meghan Cotter is the Director of Micah Ministry. She organized the purchase of the first so-called Buffett Houses. To live in one, residents must pay 300 dollars per month per room, or do voluntary work to make up for the part of rent they cannot pay. Micah Ministry is not just putting people into housing and providing services. It is actually giving them reasons to get up in the morning and try to earn a living on their own in society. That’s the key to solving the problem. Vickie and her brother Jerry were among 20 people to receive Buffett Houses. They still remember that cold January day, when they packed up their tents and stepped into a real house for the first time. “I can’t believe it. It is wonderful. It’s solid and comfortable. We don’t have to worry about the wind or rain.” Micah Ministry has helped cut the number of the homeless in the city by 58 percent. Buffett Houses provide the homeless with privacy. Since moving into the house, many people have been mentally stable. Some can even remember to take medicine on time now. 9．What do we know about the homeless in America? A．They all live in the shelters. B．Micah Ministry provides them with houses. C．The rich often give them a lot of money. D．Most of them have developed mental illness. 10．What’s the main aim of Micah Ministry? A．To collect high rents. B．To sell houses to the homeless. C．To help the homeless support themselves. D．To provide the homeless with a place to live. 11．Vickie and Jerry are mentioned to________. A．praise Doris Buffett for her good deeds B．describe the miserable life of the homeless C．encourage people to support Micah Ministry D．prove the homeless appreciate Buffett Houses 12．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．The number of the homeless is rising. B．Micah Ministry still has a long way to go. C．Buffett Houses are popular around the world. D．Buffett Houses have a good effect on the homeless. 二、思维提升-观点分享 Share your ideas about morals and virtues and talk about your own experiences. 1. Name one virtue you know and tell what it means briefly. 2. Talk about one thing you did that shows this virtue in your daily life. 3. Describe how you feel after doing this thing and explain the reason. 三、思维提升-书面表达 假使你是李华，你的外国笔友Peter对中国的美德（morals and virtues）很感兴趣，想了解如何在日常生活中践行中国美德，希望你给他一些建议。 内容如下： ① 践行中国美德的意义 ② 如何在日常生活中践行中国美德（结合具体行为、场景等） 二选一 请给Peter写三条建议，要求至少用上与美德、践行相关的5个单词或短语。 请给Peter写一封完整的建议信，介绍中国美德的践行方式与意义。 1 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 人教版必修第三册Unit 2 MORALS AND VIRTUES Discovering Useful Structures（导学案） 1. 掌握-ing形式作状语、宾语补足语的用法，明确其功能和含义，并能从单元中找出更多相关例句。 2. 能识别语篇（句子、短文）中-ing形式作状语、宾语补足语的用法，提升语篇分析能力。 3. 能运用恰当的-ing形式完成句子填空，巩固-ing形式的实际应用能力。 4. 结合人物动作描述语境，理解-ing形式在具体场景中的表达效果，提升语境运用能力。 一、基础词汇记忆 1. ________ /kəmˈpleɪn/ v. 抱怨；投诉 → ________ /kəmˈpleɪnt/ n. 抱怨；投诉 2. ________ /tjuːˈɪʃn/ n. 学费；教学 3. ________ /klɪnɪk/ n. 诊所；门诊部 4. ________ /ˈriːpʌblɪk/ n. 共和国；共和政体 5. ________ /pleɪ/ v. 扮演；玩；打（球） → ________ /ˈpleɪɪŋ/ n. 扮演；演奏 adj. 起作用的 6. ________ /fiːl/ v. 感觉；认为 → ________ /ˈfiːlɪŋ/ n. 感觉；情感 7. ________ /ˈwʌri/ v. 担心；担忧 n. 担心；忧虑 → ________ /ˈwʌriɪŋ/ adj. 令人担忧的 8. ________ /hɪə(r)/ v. 听见；听说 → ________ /ˈhɪərɪŋ/ n. 听力；听觉 9. knock /nɒk/ v. 敲；击 n. ________ 10. ________ /feɪs/ v. 面对；面临 n. 脸；面部 11. ________ /rɪˈtɜːn/ v. 返回；归还 n. 返回；归还 12. ________ /swaɪl/ v. 微笑 n. 微笑 → ________ /ˈswaɪlɪŋ/ adj. 微笑的 13. ________ /hɜːt/ v. 伤害；刺痛 adj. 受伤的；难过的 14. ________ /rɪˈdʒekʃn/ n. 拒绝；排斥 【答案】 1. complain; complaint 2. tuition 3. clinic 4. republic 5. play; playing 6. feel; feeling 7. worry; worrying 8. hear; hearing 9. 敲击；敲门声 10. face 11. return 12. smile; smiling 13. hurt 14. rejection 二、词块记忆 1.抱怨某事 ___________ 2.私立诊所 ___________ 3.起关键作用 ___________ 4.面临困难 ___________5.担心某人 ___________ 6.敲门 ___________ 7.返回某地 ___________ 8.微笑着 ___________ 9.感到受伤 ___________ 10.拒绝某人 ___________ 【答案】 1. complain about sth. 2. private clinic 3. play a key role 4. face difficulties 5. worry about sb. 6. knock at the door 7. return to sp. 8. with a smile 9. feel hurt 10. reject sb. 【知识梳理1】reject /rɪˈdʒekt/ vt. 拒绝接受；不录用 【常用搭配】 reject a suggestion 拒绝建议 reject an offer 拒绝提议 reject sb. for a job 不录用某人 【即学即练】 1. He applied for the position but ______ (reject) because of lack of experience. 2. They decided to reject the plan ______ complete lack of practical value. 3. His ______ (reject) came as a great surprise to all of us. 4. 因为不符合要求，他的申请被拒绝，这让他感到非常失望。 His application ______ for not meeting the requirements, making him very disappointed. 5. 公司有权拒绝任何不能提供有效证明的求职者。 The company has the right to ______ who cannot provide valid certificates. 【答案】 1. was rejected 2. for 3. rejection 4. was rejected 5. reject any job applicants 【知识梳理2】appoint /əˈpɔɪnt/ vt. 任命；委派 【常用搭配】 appoint sb. as 任命某人为…… appoint sb. to do sth. 委派某人做某事 【即学即练】 1. They appointed him ______ manager of the department last week. 2. We must appoint someone ______ (take) charge of the project immediately. 3. 校长任命她为班长，希望她能更好地服务班级。 The headmaster appointed her ______ and hoped she could serve the class better. 4. 公司决定委派一位经验丰富的员工负责这个重要项目。 The company decided to ______ take charge of the important project. 【答案】 1. as 2. to take 3. as monitor 4. appoint an experienced employee to 【知识梳理3】elect /ɪˈlekt/ vt. 选举；推选 【常用搭配】 elect sb. as 选举某人为…… elect sb. to do sth. 推选某人做某事 run for election 参加竞选 【即学即练】 1. We elected him ______ our representative at the meeting. 2. All students hope to elect a person ______ (lead) the team. 3. The ______ (elect) will be held at the end of this month. 4. 我们一致推选她为学生会主席，因为她很有责任心。 We all elected her ______ for her strong sense of responsibility. 5. 人们通常会选举那些真正关心他们利益的人。 People usually elect those who ______ at heart. 【答案】 1. as 2. to lead 3. election 4. as chairman of the student union 5. truly care about their interests 【知识梳理4】tend /tend/ vt. 照顾；照料 vi. 倾向；趋于 【常用搭配】 tend the sick 照顾病人 tend to do sth. 易于做某事；往往会发生某事 tend to/towards 倾向于…… 【即学即练】 1. People tend ______ (make) mistakes when they are tired. 2. She is very patient and often tends ______ the elderly. 3. 冬天人们更容易感冒，所以要注意保暖和锻炼。 People ______ catch cold in winter, so keep warm and exercise. 4. 护士细心照料病人，帮助他们早日恢复健康。 Nurses carefully ______ and help them recover soon. 【答案】 1. to make 2. to 3. tend to 4. tend to the patients 【知识梳理5】retire /rɪˈtaɪə(r)/ vi.&vt. 退休；退职；退出 【常用搭配】 retire from work 退休 retire at the age of... 在……岁退休 retire from competition 退出比赛 【即学即练】 1. He will retire ______ his job next year and enjoy his life. 2. After ______ (retire), he devoted himself to gardening. 3. 我父亲计划在60岁退休，然后去环游世界。 My father plans to ______ and travel around the world. 4. 这位著名运动员因伤决定退出比赛，令人感到遗憾。 The famous player decided to ______ because of injury. 【答案】 1. from 2. retiring 3. retire at the age of 60 4. retire from the competition 【知识梳理6】scared /skeəd/ adj. 害怕的；对…感到惊慌或恐惧 【常用搭配】 be scared of sth./sb. 害怕某物/某人 be scared to do sth. 害怕做某事 be scared that... 害怕…… 【即学即练】 1. She is scared ______ walking alone at night. 2. He is scared ______ (tell) the truth to his parents. 3. 很多孩子害怕黑暗，所以他们需要父母的陪伴。 Many children ______ the dark, so they need their parents’ company. 4. 他害怕在众人面前讲话，因此不敢参加演讲比赛。 He ______ speak in public, so he dare not join the speech contest. 【答案】 1. of 2. to tell 3. are scared of 4. is scared to 【知识梳理7】replace /rɪˈpleɪs/ vt. 接替；取代；更换 【常用搭配】 replace sb. 取代某人 replace sth. with sth. 用……替换…… replace a part 更换零件 【即学即练】 1. Nothing can replace true friendship ______ our life. 2. They decided to replace the old machine ______ a new one. 3. 没有人能取代母亲在我们心中的重要位置。 No one can ______ in our hearts. 4. 我们应该用环保材料代替塑料来保护环境。 We should ______ to protect the environment. 【答案】 1. in 2. with 3. replace mothers 4. replace plastic with environmentally friendly materials 【知识梳理8】operation /ˌɒpəˈreɪʃn/ n. 手术；企业；经营 【常用搭配】 perform an operation 做手术 undergo an operation 接受手术 in operation 在运行中 【即学即练】 1. The doctor will perform an ______ (operate) on him tomorrow. 2. The machine has been ______ operation for ten years. 3. 他需要马上接受手术，否则情况会变得更糟。 He needs to ______ immediately, or his condition will worsen. 4. 这家工厂已经运营多年，为很多人提供了工作。 The factory has been ______ for years and offered jobs to many people. 【答案】 1. operation 2. in 3. undergo an operation 4. in operation 【知识梳理9】whisper /ˈwɪspə(r)/ vi.＆vt.悄声说；耳语；低语 n.耳语；低语；传言；谣传 【常用搭配】 whisper to sb. 对某人耳语 whisper in one’s ear 在某人耳边低语 in a whisper 低声地 【即学即练】 1. She whispered ______ me so that no one else could hear. 2. They talked ______ a whisper in order not to wake the baby. 3. 她在我耳边低语，告诉我一个谁也不知道的秘密。 She ______ and told me a secret known to nobody else. 4. 孩子们在图书馆里低声交谈，以免打扰别人。 Children ______ in the library so as not to disturb others. 【答案】 1. to 2. in 3. whispered in my ear 4. talk in a whisper 【知识梳理10】assist /əˈsɪst/ vt. 帮助；援助 【常用搭配】 assist sb. in doing sth. 帮助某人做某事 assist sb. with sth. 在某方面帮助某人 assist in sth. 协助某事 【即学即练】 1. He often assists me ______ my English study after school. 2. We will assist you ______ (solve) the problem as soon as possible. 3. 这位年轻护士协助医生完成了一场非常困难的手术。 The young nurse ______ a very difficult operation. 4. 志愿者们帮助老人过马路，并为他们提东西。 Volunteers ______ cross the street and carry things for them. 【答案】 1. with 2. to solve 3. assisted the doctor in performing 4. assist the elderly to 【知识梳理11】pass away 去世 【常用搭配】 pass away 去世；逝世 pass by 经过；路过；（时间）流逝 pass down 传递；遗传；流传 pass on 传递；转达；继续前进 pass through 穿过；经过（某地）；经历（困难等） 【即学即练】 1.The old man, who was kind to everyone, passed ______ peacefully in his sleep last night. 2.When I was waiting for the bus, a red car passed ______ quickly, leaving a cloud of dust. 3.These ancient stories have been passed ______ from our grandparents to us for hundreds of years. 4.Could you please pass ______ the dictionary to me? I need to look up a new word. 5.Our plane will pass ______ a heavy rain area before landing at the airport. 【答案】 1. away 2. by 3. down 4. on 5. through 【知识梳理12】memory /ˈmeməri/ n. 记忆力；回忆 【常用搭配】 have a good memory 记忆力好 lose one’s memory 失忆 in memory of 作为对……的纪念 【即学即练】 1. He has a very good ______ (memorize) for numbers. 2. The old photo brings back lots of happy ______ (memory). 3. 随着年龄增长，一些老人的记忆力可能会逐渐下降。 Some elderly people’s ______ may gradually drop as they age. 4. 这些老照片让我们想起了童年的美好回忆。 These old photos bring us ______ of childhood. 5. 人们建了这座雕像来纪念那些为国家牺牲的英雄。 People built the statue ______ who died for the country. 【答案】 1. memory 2. memories 3. memory 4. happy memories 5. in memory of the heroes 【知识梳理13】Thinking of all the people still in need of help, Dr Lin opened a private clinic. 想到所有仍需要帮助的人，林医生开了一家私人诊所。 【句式剖析】句中Thinking of…是v‑ing形式作原因状语，表动作发生的原因，逻辑主语与主句主语一致。 【例句】 Being ill, he didn’t go to school. 因为生病，他没去上学。 Knowing the truth, she felt very sad. 知道真相后，她感到很难过。 【句式拓展】v‑ing作原因状语常放句首，表原因，主语必须与主句主语保持一致。 【例句】 Not knowing his address, I couldn’t visit him. 不知道他的地址，我没法拜访他。 Seeing the accident, he called 120 at once. 看到事故，他立刻拨打了120。 【即学即练】 完成句子。 1._______________ the bad weather, we put off the sports meeting. 2._______________ how to solve the problem, he turned to the teacher for help. 3.因为担心母亲的健康，他连夜赶回了家。_______________ his mother’s health, he hurried home overnight. 4.不知道该做什么，她只好向朋友求助。_______________ what to do, she had to ask her friends for help. 【答案】 1.Facing 2.Not knowing 3.Worrying about 4.Not knowing 【知识梳理14】The new People's Republic of China saw Dr Lin Qiaozhi playing a key role. 新中国成立后，林巧稚医生发挥了关键作用。 【句式剖析】句中playing a key role是v‑ing作宾语补足语，用于see sb. doing结构，强调动作正在进行。 【例句】 I saw him crossing the street. 我看见他正在过马路。 We heard the girl singing in the next room. 我们听见女孩在隔壁唱歌。 【句式拓展】感官动词see/hear/watch/feel+sb.+doing，强调动作正在进行；+do强调动作全过程。 【例句】 I watched the children playing games. 我看着孩子们在玩游戏。 She felt her heart beating fast. 她感到心跳得很快。 【即学即练】 完成句子。 1.When I passed by, I saw them _______________ on the playground. 2.We could hear someone _______________ for help in the distance. 3.我看见一位老人正在路边慢慢散步。I saw an old man _______________ by the road. 4.妈妈闻到东西烧焦了，立刻跑进厨房。Mom smelt something _______________ and rushed into the kitchen. 【答案】 playing basketball shouting loudly walking slowly burning badly 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. After his kind offer was refused，he felt a deep sense of _______________ (reject). 【答案】rejection 【解析】考查名词。句意：在他善意的提议被拒绝后，他感到深深的拒绝感。分析句子结构可知，空前有介词of修饰，空处应填名词作宾语，rejection本身为名词，意为“拒绝”，为不可数名词，符合句意。故填rejection。 2. She made an _______________ (appoint) with the dentist to check her teeth next Monday morning. 【答案】appointment 【解析】考查名词。句意：她和牙医约好下周一早上检查牙齿。分析句子结构可知，空前有不定冠词an修饰，空处应填可数名词单数，appointment本身为名词，意为“预约”，符合句意。故填appointment。 3. All citizens have the right to vote in the _______________ (elect)of the city’s new mayor this year. 【答案】election 【解析】考查名词。句意：所有公民都有权在今年城市新市长的选举中投票。分析句子结构可知，空前有定冠词the修饰，空处应填名词作介词in的宾语，election本身为名词，意为“选举”，为可数名词，此处特指“新市长选举”，用单数形式即可。故填election。 4. People who live in warm areas tend_______________ (do) choose light and comfortable clothes in daily life. 【答案】 to do 【解析】考查固定短语。句意：生活在温暖地区的人们在日常生活中倾向于选择轻便舒适的衣服。分析句子结构可知，空处作句子谓语，主语为复数，时态为一般现在时，用动词原形即可。故填to do。 5. The _______________ (retire) teacher often goes to the school to help students with their English after school. 【答案】retired 【解析】考查形容词。句意：那位退休教师放学后经常去学校帮助学生学习英语。分析句子结构可知，空处作定语修饰名词teacher，需用形容词，retired意为“退休的”，修饰人，符合句意。故填retired。 6. The little girl was so _______________ (scare) when she saw the big dog running towards her suddenly. 【答案】scared 【解析】考查形容词。句意：当小女孩看到那只大狗突然朝她跑来时，她非常害怕。分析句子结构可知，空前有系动词was和副词so修饰，空处作表语，scared意为“害怕的”，修饰人，描述人的感受，符合句意。故填scared。 7. We need to find a suitable _______________ (replace)for the old machine that has broken down completely. 【答案】replacement 【解析】考查名词。句意：我们需要为那台完全出故障的旧机器找一个合适的替代品。分析句子结构可知，空前有形容词suitable修饰，空处应填名词作宾语，replacement本身为名词，意为“替代品”，为可数名词，此处用单数形式即可。故填replacement。 8. The doctor said the _______________ (operate) on the patient’s heart would take at least three hours. 【答案】operation 【解析】考查名词。句意：医生说病人心脏的手术至少需要三个小时。分析句子结构可知，空前有定冠词the修饰，空处应填名词作句子主语，operation本身为名词，意为“手术”，为可数名词，此处特指“心脏手术”，用单数形式即可。故填operation。 9. She told me the secret in _______________ whisper so that no one else in the room could hear it. 【答案】a 【解析】考查固定短语。句意：她小声地告诉我这个秘密，以便房间里其他人都听不到。in a whisper为固定短语，表“用小声说的方式”，即“小声地、低声地”；分析句子结构可知，空处作状语修饰动词told，符合句意，可直接填入。故填a 。 二、根据汉语意思完成句子 1. 那位受人尊敬的老教授去年安详离世，全城人都为他感到悲痛。 The respected old professor ________________________ last year, and the whole city felt sad for him. 2. 为了纪念那些牺牲的消防员，人们在广场上立了一座高高的纪念碑。 People built a tall monument in the square ________________________ those fallen firefighters. 3. 因为担心错过重要的会议，他一大早就起床收拾东西赶往机场。 ________________________ the important meeting, he got up early to pack and rush to the airport. 4. 我路过操场时，看到几个学生正在操场上开心地踢足球、聊家常。 When I passed the playground, I ________________________ happily on the playground. 【答案】 1. passed away peacefully 2. in memory of 3. Worrying about missing 4. saw several students playing football and chatting 一、阅读理解 A （河北省保定市定兴县河北定兴第三中学2025-2026学年高一下学期开学考试）Leslie Shogren wanted to go to Semicolon Bookstore in Chicago to celebrate her birthday. When she checked out that day in July 2020, she asked the woman at the register if she was Danielle Moore, the bookstore’s owner. “Yeah, are you Leslie?” Moore replied, flashing her bright smile. Since 2019, Moore has been adding her personal touch to everything she does at Semicolon Bookstore. Inside, bookshelves are arranged well, with front-facing books showed like art. The walls are packed with prints, paintings, and sayings. Comfortable desks invite visitors to read. It’s important to Moore that customers consider the store a “third space” — not home or work, but someplace that “still feels like a place for belonging”. Moore also welcomes classes into the store, and students pick out what they want for free. So far, Semicolon Bookstore has given 13,000 books to Chicago school students. Moore and her workers have collected books for 52 schools and donated books to 27 organizations. Devonta Boston, a founder of the TGi Movement, which brings youth development programming to young people in Chicago, appreciates what Semicolon Bookstore does for local kids. Andrea Beschel, the owner of a nearby shop, said Moore made the whole street feel like a neighborhood and was the first business owner who came in and interacted with him and invited him to join in the activities, so that was really cool. “She brings a good spirit to the block,” adds Cesar Buendia, the owner of another shop.“ She came in and offered us books, but we were remodeling. She said she’ll come back when we’re done.” “However, some people don’t always see something that bookstores can offer. And that’s the human connection; that’s the community building; that’s the space-making which happens when you support your local bookstore,” Moore says. “That is absolutely our spirit Bookstore. We live by it. We believe in moving in love and community above all.” 1．What is the main purpose of Moore’s efforts at Semicolon Bookstore? A．To create a unique space for customers. B．To make it Chicago’s largest bookstore. C．To compete with other businesses. D．To save money for her customers. 2．How does Semicolon Bookstore support local education? A．By starting a fund for local kids. B．By offering free books to students. C．By giving career guidance to students. D．By building some schools for local kids. 3．What can we infer from Andrea Beschel’s and Cesar Buendia’s words? A．They planned to open bookstores. B．Moore set standards for local shops. C．They were not fond of her activities. D．Moore built up community connection. 4．What does Moore emphasize in the last paragraph? A．The importance of book variety. B．The challenge of making profits. C．The strategy of attracting customers. D．The hidden value of local bookstores. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述芝加哥分号书店老板摩尔用心经营书店，打造归属感空间，免费赠书助力教育，还积极搭建社区联结，诠释当地书店的隐藏价值。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“It’s important to Moore that customers consider the store a “third space” — not home or work, but someplace that “still feels like a place for belonging”.(对摩尔来说，重要的是顾客把这家店视为 “第三空间”—— 不是家，也不是工作场所，而是一个“依然能让人有归属感”的地方。)”可知，摩尔希望为顾客打造一个独特且有归属感的空间。故选A项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“Moore also welcomes classes into the store, and students pick out what they want for free. So far, Semicolon Bookstore has given 13,000 books to Chicago school students.(摩尔还欢迎班级来到书店，学生可以免费挑选自己想要的书。到目前为止，分号书店已经为芝加哥的学生赠送了13000本书。)”可知，书店通过向学生免费提供书籍来支持当地教育。故选B项。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段“Andrea Beschel, the owner of a nearby shop, said Moore made the whole street feel like a neighborhood and was the first business owner who came in and interacted with him and invited him to join in the activities, so that was really cool. (附近一家店铺的店主安德烈亚・贝舍表示，摩尔让整条街都有了社区的氛围，而且她是第一个主动过来和自己交流、邀请自己参加活动的店主，这真的很棒。)”以及““She brings a good spirit to the block,” adds Cesar Buendia, the owner of another shop.(另一家店的店主塞萨尔・布恩迪亚补充道：“她给这条街区带来了积极向上的氛围。”)”可知，摩尔建立起了社区之间的联系。故选D项。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段““However, some people don’t always see something that bookstores can offer. And that’s the human connection; that’s the community building; that’s the space-making which happens when you support your local bookstore,” Moore says. (摩尔说：“然而，有些人并不总能看到书店所能提供的东西。那就是人与人之间的联结、社区的营造，以及当你支持当地书店时所形成的空间营造。”)”可知，摩尔在强调当地书店所具有的隐藏价值。故选D项。 B （辽宁名校联盟2025-2026学年高一下学期3月联考）Pioneering eye doctor Professor Fred Hollows had a simple vision that everyone in the world should have access to good eye care and sight-restoring surgery. Instead of building a profitable private practice, Fred chose to focus on breaking down the barriers to eye care for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people in Australia and for people in poor countries worldwide. Unfortunately, in 1989, Fred was diagnosed with cancer. Knowing his time was limited, he became a man on a mission to make sure his work would continue. Just before he passed away in 1993, he was convinced by his wife, Gabi Hollows, to establish The Fred Hollows Foundation. Gabi, the Foundation’s founding director, describes their work as “like dropping a stone in the lake and watching the ripples grow.” Fred’s early approach was simple: treat eye problems, train local eye health workers, and make technology affordable. This “treat, train and equip” method became the blueprint for the Foundation’s work. For example, in Nepal, Fred partnered with a young doctor, Sanduk Ruit. Together, they set up training and built factories that could produce high-quality lenses (晶体) for eye surgery for less than $5, a huge reduction from the $150 they cost in industrialised countries. Over the past 30 years, The Fred Hollows Foundation has restored sight to more than 3 million people worldwide. It has also delivered over 200 million doses of antibiotics to fight trachoma (沙眼), an infectious disease that causes blindness. The Foundation has persuaded governments to include eye health in their national health plans. Fred was driven by a powerful sense of injustice. He believed it was “not right to let people go blind when they don’t have to.” Today, the Foundation he inspired is one of Australia’s best-known charities. Though there are still many challenges, his Foundation and his spirit live on, ensuring his crucial work continues across the globe. 5．Why was The Fred Hollows Foundation established? A．To continue Fred’s mission. B．To expand a private clinic. C．To get support from government. D．To honor Gabi Hollows. 6．How was lens cost reduced? A．By importing cheaper ones. B．By producing lens locally. C．By receiving donations. D．By reusing surgical lenses. 7．Which words can best describe Fred? A．Selfless and responsible. B．Ambitious and humble. C．Reserved and ordinary. D．Cautious and fortunate. 8．What does the passage mainly describe? A．Advances in eye surgery. B．A doctor’s charity mission. C．The history of trachoma. D．Charity management in Australia. 【答案】5．A 6．B 7．A 8．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了眼科医生Fred Hollows放弃个人利益，创立基金会以在全球范围内（特别是在贫困地区）推动可及的眼保健服务、培训本地医护人员并降低医疗成本的慈善事业及其深远影响。 5．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Knowing his time was limited, he became a man on a mission to make sure his work would continue. Just before he passed away in 1993, he was convinced by his wife, Gabi Hollows, to establish The Fred Hollows Foundation. (意识到自己的生命即将走到尽头，他便立志要确保自己的工作能够继续下去。在1993年去世前，他的妻子Gabi Hollows说服他成立了Fred Hollows基金会)”可知，成立该基金会是为了延续Fred的使命。故选A项。 6．细节理解题。根据第三段中“For example, in Nepal, Fred partnered with a young doctor, Sanduk Ruit. Together, they set up training and built factories that could produce high-quality lenses (晶体) for eye surgery for less than $5, a huge reduction from the $150 they cost in industrialised countries. (例如，在尼泊尔，Fred与一位年轻的医生Sanduk Ruit合作。他们一起设立了培训项目，并建造了工厂，能够以低于5美元的价格生产出用于眼科手术的高质量晶体，而这一价格在工业化国家则高达150美元，降幅十分巨大)”可知，通过在本地生产晶体，晶体成本得以被降低。故选B项。 7．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Instead of building a profitable private practice, Fred chose to focus on breaking down the barriers to eye care for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people in Australia and for people in poor countries worldwide. (Fred没有选择建立一家盈利性的私人诊所，而是决定致力于消除澳大利亚原住民和托雷斯海峡岛民以及全球贫困国家民众在眼科护理方面所面临的障碍)”可知，Fred放弃个人利益选择服务弱势群体，体现了“无私”；再根据第二段中“Knowing his time was limited, he became a man on a mission to make sure his work would continue. Just before he passed away in 1993, he was convinced by his wife, Gabi Hollows, to establish The Fred Hollows Foundation. (意识到自己的生命即将走到尽头，他便立志要确保自己的工作能够继续下去。在1993年去世前，他的妻子Gabi Hollows说服他成立了Fred Hollows基金会)”可知，他在生命最后阶段仍致力于事业的延续，体现了“责任感”。故选A项。 8．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段中“Though there are still many challenges, his Foundation and his spirit live on, ensuring his crucial work continues across the globe. (尽管仍存在诸多挑战，但他的基金会以及他所秉持的精神依然存在，这确保了他那至关重要的工作能够在全球范围内继续开展下去)”可知，文章开篇介绍Fred的职业选择与公益使命，中间讲述他患病后成立基金会、其“治疗—培训—配备”模式的实践，结尾提及基金会的成就与他精神的传承。全文围绕Fred的慈善公益事业展开，核心是“一位医生的慈善事业”。故选B项。 C （河北廊坊2025-2026学年高一上学期期未）Each day, thousands of people are living in the streets rather than houses or the shelters of cities and towns across America. The U. S. Department of Housing and Urban Development says one-fifth of the 610,000 homeless across the country suffer from mental illness. Fortunately, a non-profit organization called Micah Ministry has received large donations from wealthy philanthropists. With the money, Micah Ministry is able to house homeless people. Doris Buffett, the sister of billionaire Warren Buffett, is one of the philanthropists. Recently, she has donated one million dollars to Micah Ministry. Meghan Cotter is the Director of Micah Ministry. She organized the purchase of the first so-called Buffett Houses. To live in one, residents must pay 300 dollars per month per room, or do voluntary work to make up for the part of rent they cannot pay. Micah Ministry is not just putting people into housing and providing services. It is actually giving them reasons to get up in the morning and try to earn a living on their own in society. That’s the key to solving the problem. Vickie and her brother Jerry were among 20 people to receive Buffett Houses. They still remember that cold January day, when they packed up their tents and stepped into a real house for the first time. “I can’t believe it. It is wonderful. It’s solid and comfortable. We don’t have to worry about the wind or rain.” Micah Ministry has helped cut the number of the homeless in the city by 58 percent. Buffett Houses provide the homeless with privacy. Since moving into the house, many people have been mentally stable. Some can even remember to take medicine on time now. 9．What do we know about the homeless in America? A．They all live in the shelters. B．Micah Ministry provides them with houses. C．The rich often give them a lot of money. D．Most of them have developed mental illness. 10．What’s the main aim of Micah Ministry? A．To collect high rents. B．To sell houses to the homeless. C．To help the homeless support themselves. D．To provide the homeless with a place to live. 11．Vickie and Jerry are mentioned to________. A．praise Doris Buffett for her good deeds B．describe the miserable life of the homeless C．encourage people to support Micah Ministry D．prove the homeless appreciate Buffett Houses 12．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．The number of the homeless is rising. B．Micah Ministry still has a long way to go. C．Buffett Houses are popular around the world. D．Buffett Houses have a good effect on the homeless. 【答案】9．B 10．C 11．D 12．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Micah Ministry这一非营利组织如何通过提供住房和自助机会来帮助无家可归者，并展示了其积极效果。 9．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Fortunately, a non-profit organization called Micah Ministry has received large donations from wealthy philanthropists. With the money, Micah Ministry is able to house homeless people.(幸运的是，一个名为Micah Ministry的非营利组织得到了富有的慈善家的大量捐款。有了这笔钱，Micah Ministry能够为无家可归者提供住房)”可知，Micah Ministry为无家可归者提供住房。故选B项。 10．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Micah Ministry is not just putting people into housing and providing services. It is actually giving them reasons to get up in the morning and try to earn a living on their own in society. That’s the key to solving the problem.(Micah Ministry不只是为人们提供住房和服务。它实际上是给了他们早上起床的理由，并努力在社会上自食其力。这是解决问题的关键)”可知，Micah Ministry的主要目的是帮助无家可归者自立。故选C项。 11．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Vickie and her brother Jerry were among 20 people to receive Buffett Houses. They still remember that cold January day, when they packed up their tents and stepped into a real house for the first time. “I can’t believe it. It is wonderful. It’s solid and comfortable. We don’t have to worry about the wind or rain.”(Vickie和她的弟弟Jerry是20个获得Buffett Houses的人之一。他们仍然记得那个寒冷的一月天，他们收拾好帐篷，第一次走进真正的房子。“真不敢相信。太棒了。它坚固而舒适。我们不用担心刮风下雨。”)”可知，通过Vickie和Jerry的描述，可以证明无家可归者对Buffett Houses的感激和满意。故选D项。 12．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Micah Ministry has helped cut the number of the homeless in the city by 58 percent. Buffett Houses provide the homeless with privacy. Since moving into the house, many people have been mentally stable. Some can even remember to take medicine on time now.(Micah Ministry帮助将城市中无家可归者的数量减少了58%。Buffett Houses为无家可归者提供了隐私。自从搬进这所房子后，许多人的精神状态都很稳定。有些人现在甚至能记得按时吃药了)”可推知，Buffett Houses对无家可归者有积极的影响。故选D项。 二、思维提升-观点分享 Share your ideas about morals and virtues and talk about your own experiences. 1. Name one virtue you know and tell what it means briefly. 2. Talk about one thing you did that shows this virtue in your daily life. 3. Describe how you feel after doing this thing and explain the reason. 【答案】 1. The virtue I know is honesty. It means telling the truth and not cheating or lying to others. 2. One day, I found a wallet on the street and gave it back to its owner, which shows honesty. 3. I felt proud and happy after doing this thing. Because being honest helps others and makes me gain trust from people around me. 三、思维提升-书面表达 假使你是李华，你的外国笔友Peter对中国的美德（morals and virtues）很感兴趣，想了解如何在日常生活中践行中国美德，希望你给他一些建议。 内容如下： ① 践行中国美德的意义 ② 如何在日常生活中践行中国美德（结合具体行为、场景等） 二选一 请给Peter写三条建议，要求至少用上与美德、践行相关的5个单词或短语。 请给Peter写一封完整的建议信，介绍中国美德的践行方式与意义。 1.【参考答案】 Dear Peter, I'm glad you're interested in Chinese morals and virtues. Practicing them helps you build good relationships and become a better person. First, be honest to everyone around you and never tell lies. Second, show respect to the elderly and help people in need. Third, be polite and keep your promises in daily communication. Best regards, Li Hua 2.【参考范文】 Dear Peter, I'm very happy that you are interested in Chinese morals and virtues. Practicing them is a great way to understand Chinese culture and gain the trust of others. There are many practical ways to practice Chinese virtues in daily life. First, you can be honest in everything you do, such as telling the truth to your friends and keeping your promises. Second, show kindness and help people around you, like helping the elderly cross the street or supporting those in trouble. Third, respect others, including your teachers, parents and classmates, and communicate with them politely. These small actions can help you truly understand the meaning of Chinese virtues and pass them on. Best regards, Li Hua 1 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $