专题05 阅读还原（培优讲义）（全国通用）2026年中考英语一轮复习高效培优系列

专题05阅读还原 目录 目标导图 考点深解 命题突破 突破点一：说明文类——事物介绍 突破点二：记叙文类——故事叙述 突破点三：议论文类——观点论述 突破点四：说明文类——方法建议 突破点五：记叙文类——人物成长 重难攻坚 难点一：段首设问句的识别与匹配 难点二：隐含逻辑关系的识别 难点三：代词指代的精准定位 难点四：干扰项的识别与排除 练测提能 【易错提醒】——多维度对比剖析 易错点 典型错误表现 正确应对策略 1.只看关键词，忽视逻辑 看到选项中有与原文相同的词就选，未检查逻辑是否通顺。 关键词是线索，但不是答案。必须代入原文，检查前后句的逻辑关系是否成立。 2.混淆“段首主旨句”与“段中过渡句” 将本该承上启下的句子误选为段落总起句，导致上下文断裂。 段首句通常不含指代上文的内容；若选项中出现this、these、however等指代或转折词，极可能是段中过渡句。 3.因果与转折关系混淆 将因果关系的选项填入转折关系的设空处，或反之。 仔细识别信号词：because/so表因果；but/however表转折。若无线索词，需通过句意推断。 4.忽略代词指代一致性 选入的选项中的代词（it/they）在原文中找不到明确的指代对象。 代词必有其指代。先看上文是否有名词与代词单复数、逻辑上保持一致。 5.误选“以偏概全”的选项 将只描述某一细节的选项填入总结句的位置。 段尾总结句需概括全段内容，不能只针对某一句或某一细节。 【维度一·宏观结构】考点练习：语篇功能定位 考查重点：根据设空位置判断语篇功能（总起句/过渡句/总结句）。 【Passage 1】语篇来源：2026年吉林省中考预测原创卷（一） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 Maybe you want to exercise more or start going to bed earlier in the coming year.___________1_________ 1. Make a detailed(详细的)plan. If your New Year's plan is to exercise five days each week,a plan like"I'll exercise on weekdays"would not be clear.A detailed plan like"I'll exercise at school on weekdays during my lunch break"would be better.___________2_________ 1. Make it fun. If it's not fun to exercise or study,you won't keep it easily.___________3_________If you can only drink your favourite juice during study hours,you'll look forward to studying. ___________4_________ Tell a few friends about your goals so you'll feel a deep sense of shame if they check back later and find out you haven't followed through. 1. Give yourself more chances. You planned to get to bed early every night,but one Friday you stayed up late.___________5_________ But giving yourself one or two more chances can help you get better results. 根据短文内容，将下面方框内的选项还原到文中空白处，使短文内容完整、通顺，每个选项只能用一次，其中有一个选项是多余的。 A．All in all,you should give all the facts or information about something in your plan. B．Get a little help from your friends. C．Maybe you're going to take up a hobby like painting. D．Here is some advice that can help you keep your goals. E．After that you may want to give up the early-to-bed plan. F．But if you get fun from your exercise or study,you'll keep it longer. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．F 4．B 5．E 【解析】 1.D：位于文章开头，前文提到“新年计划”，后文列举具体建议。此处需要总起句引出下文建议，选项D“这里有一些可以帮助你坚持目标的建议”符合语篇功能。 2.A：前文强调详细计划的重要性，此处需要总结详细计划的特点。选项A“总之，你应该在计划中提供所有的事实或信息”符合段尾总结功能。 3.F：前文提到“如果无趣就难坚持”，此处需要转折说明趣味性的作用。选项F“但如果你从运动或学习中获得乐趣，你会坚持得更久”符合转折关系。 4.B：本段下文提到“告诉朋友你的目标”，此处需要概括本段主旨的小标题。选项B“从朋友那里获得一点帮助”符合小标题功能。 5.E：前文提到“某天熬夜打乱了计划”，后文提到“给自己一两次机会”，此处需要描述计划被打断后的常见反应。选项E“之后你可能想放弃早睡计划”符合因果关系。 【维度二·微观逻辑】考点练习：因果关系 考查重点：识别因果逻辑关系，选择能说明原因或结果的选项。 【Passage 2】湖南省邵阳市部分学校2025-2026学年九年级上学期联考英语模拟试卷（二） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 A Mysterious(神秘的)Night at Hangzhou Xiaoshan Airport On the evening of December 11,2025,something unexpected happened at Hangzhou Xiaoshan Airport.Several pilots who were preparing to land reported seeing a group of bright,flashing lights in the dark sky.These lights moved in a strange pattern(模式),unlike any normal airplane lights. ___________1_______The safety of passengers always comes first.Many passengers had to wait,and some flights had to land in nearby cities. People began to talk and share their ideas on the internet."Was it a UFO?"some asked excitedly.Others thought it might be a special test flight.A taxi driver at the airport said,"I've never seen anything like it.The lights were silent and moved too fast." ___________2________They explained that sometimes weather conditions or rare(罕见的)light reflections(反射)can play tricks on our eyes. ___________3_________A boy named Li Hua even wrote a story about friendly aliens visiting Hangzhou for his school homework.The story became very popular among his classmates. Now,there is still no final answer.___________4_________It reminds us that our world is full of wonders. A．To ensure safety,all flights were stopped immediately. B．However,this event sparked(激发)the imagination of many young people. C．The police arrived quickly and caught the object. D．Experts(专家)tried to find the truth. E．This event shows that not everything in the sky can be easily explained. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．E 【解析】 1.A：前文描述“出现不明闪光”，后文提到“乘客安全第一”以及“航班等待/备降”。此处需要填入结果/措施。选项A“为了确保安全，所有航班立即被停止”与后文形成因果关系。 2.D：后文“他们解释说……”说明此处应填入“专家”。选项D“专家们试图找出真相”符合语境。 3.B：后文描述男孩写外星人故事，此处需要说明这件事激发了想象力。选项B“然而，这件事激发了许多年轻人的想象力”符合转折关系。 4.E：前文提到“仍无最终答案”，后文“提醒我们世界充满奇迹”，此处需要总结性语句。选项E“这件事表明天空中并不是所有东西都能轻易解释”符合段尾总结功能。 【维度二·微观逻辑】考点练习：转折关系 考查重点：识别转折逻辑关系，选择能形成语义对比的选项。 【Passage 3】2025年江苏省宿迁市中考英语真题 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 Cycling is popular and enjoyable.It is not only a good way to keep healthy but also an action to protect the environment.___________1_________ Here are some tips on how to keep safe while cycling. ___________2_________Before you start cycling,you need to examine the condition of your bike with care.For example,make sure that the brakes(刹车)work well and the chain(链条)can turn with no problems. Use proper equipment.Wear a helmet.___________3_________Before you start cycling,you should fasten(扣紧)your helmet.Wear bright and reflective(反光的)clothes on the road.Make sure your bike has lights.All these can greatly reduce the risk of being hurt. Follow traffic rules.You are required to follow the same traffic rules as drivers.___________4_________For example,you should ride at a safe speed on the right side of the road,wait at the traffic lights and let passers-by go first. Stay focused(专注的).___________5_________If you chat with others when you are cycling,it can distract(使分心)you and put yourself at the risk of road accidents. By following these tips,you can enjoy cycling and stay safe at the same time.Always remember that safety comes first!Happy cycling! A．You need to buy a new hat. B．It is important to stay focused. C．Examine(检查)your bike with care. D．Remember that your helmet fits you well. E．Keep the traffic rules in mind all the time. F．However,sometimes it may be dangerous. G．You can do anything you want while cycling. 【答案】1．F 2．C 3．D 4．E 5．B 【解析】 1.F：前文描述“骑自行车的好处”（健康、环保），后文引出“安全骑行建议”。此处需要填入转折句，形成“好处—但有时危险—需注意安全”的逻辑链条。选项F“然而，有时它可能是危险的”符合转折关系。 2.C：本段后文描述检查自行车状况，此处需要概括本段主旨的小标题。选项C“仔细检查你的自行车”符合小标题功能。 3.D：前文提到“戴头盔”，后文“扣紧头盔”，此处需要补充头盔佩戴的注意事项。选项D“记住你的头盔很适合你”符合语境。 4.E：本段强调遵守交通规则，此处需要概括性语句。选项E“时刻牢记交通规则”符合语境。 5.B：本段强调保持专注，此处需要概括本段主旨。选项B“保持专注是很重要的”符合小标题功能。 【维度二·微观逻辑】考点练习：例证关系 考查重点：识别举例论证的逻辑关系，选择能支撑观点的具体例子。 【Passage 4】2025年湖南省中考英语真题 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 Make a Difference to Your School Your school offers great chances to study,make friends and try new things.Each term,you have time to use these chances.Also,there is time to think of ways to make a difference to your school.___________1_______ Learn more about your school.To learn what happens around your school,join teams to your school or clubs and take part in activities.___________2_________These people can give you a better understanding of your school.For example,if your school has a student newspaper,check it out or consider joining it.You will know more about what is happening at school through it. Find a need and take action.___________3_________Maybe you enjoy playing volleyball after class.Now think about ways to make this activity even better.You might wish your school to provide more volley balls for students to use.Once you have your idea,talk to your school to see if students could help.You could offer to hold a book sale to buy sports equipment(器材). ___________4_________It may seem simple,but being friendly to others can help create a good environment.This includes saying thank you when a student helps you,cleaning up any mess you make,and saying hello to others in the hallways.A good attitude(态度)can spread. A．Be friendly to others. B．Here's how to get started. C．They help you meet more people. D．Work hard and make yourself better. E．Think about things you enjoy at school. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．E 4．A 【解析】 1.B：前文提到“有时间思考如何改变学校”，后文列举具体建议，此处需要总起句。选项B“以下是开始的方法”符合语境。 2.C：前文提到“加入团队或俱乐部”，后文“这些人能让你更好了解学校”，此处需要说明团队/俱乐部的作用。选项C“它们帮助你认识更多人”符合语境。 3.E：本段下文以“打排球”为例，说明如何找到需求并采取行动，此处需要总起句。选项E“想想你在学校喜欢的事情”与后文的“enjoy playing volleyball”形成例证关系。 4.A：本段下文强调“对他人友好”，此处需要概括本段主旨的小标题。选项A“对他人友好”符合小标题功能。 【维度二·微观逻辑】考点练习：代词指代 考查重点：识别代词（it,they,this,these等）的指代对象，确保语义连贯。 【Passage 5】2025年山东省威海市中考英语真题 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 Talk to people you disagree with Everyone sometimes has disagreements with friends or family members.For example,you might not agree about what game to play,which restaurant makes the best pizza.___________1_________ Disagreements are uncomfortable.There are some steps you can take to make the conversation meaningful.Here is how. See their attitude Even if you disagree with someone,you can still listen to what they say.Let them know that you're paying attention to them by listening carefully with interest.Another way to show that you're listening is by asking questions or repeating what they said.___________2_________ Use polite language When someone has an opinion you don't agree with,don't pay too much attention to it.___________3_______ Instead,focus on speaking calmly(沉着地).For example,you may begin with"I feel"or"I see this in another way". Stick to the facts If you have a strong opinion,it's better to stick to the facts instead of feelings.___________4______Then relax your shoulders and speak in a calm voice.If you are stopped by some person,you can remind the person that it's your turn to speak.Then give him another chance to speak later. Find common ground If you find that you can't change the other person's mind,and they may not change yours._______5______You may also get a better understanding of each other's opinion.In the end,it's worth the effort because healthy communication builds strong relationships and communities. A．Still,look for the points you agree on. B．Start by asking if you can share your opinion. C．If this happens to you,you'd better say sorry to your friends. D．Avoid using impolite adjectives,like"stupid""foolish"or"silly". E．You can start by saying,"OK.I understand you.You are saying..." F．Sometimes you may disagree with your friends about more serious subjects. 【答案】1．F 2．E 3．D 4．B 5．A 【解析】 1.F：前文举例小事上的分歧，此处需要进一步说明更严肃话题上的分歧。选项F“有时你可能会在更严肃的话题上与朋友产生分歧”符合递进关系。 2.E：前文提到“通过提问或重复对方的话来表明你在听”，此处需要具体说明如何重复。选项E“你可以说，‘好的，我理解你，你是说……’”中的“你”指代前文的“someone”，且内容与“repeating”形成指代与语义复现。 3.D：前文提到“不要过多关注对方观点”，后文提到“冷静表达”，此处需要说明应该避免什么。选项D“避免使用不礼貌的形容词，如‘愚蠢的’、‘傻的’或‘笨的’”符合语境。 4.B：前文提到“坚持事实而非感受”，后文提到“放松肩膀，冷静说话”，此处需要说明表达前的准备。选项B“首先询问是否可以分享你的观点”符合顺序逻辑。 5.A：前文提到“无法改变对方观点，对方也可能无法改变你的观点”，后文提到“更好地理解彼此观点”，此处需要转折引出新的建议。选项A“不过，还是要寻找你们达成一致的点”符合转折关系。 【突破点一】说明文类——事物介绍 命题特点：介绍某事物（如新技术、动植物、文化现象）的特征、功能、优势等。常考查段落主旨句、因果逻辑、例证关系。 【真题示例】 【Passage 6】2026年陕西省中考适应性训练英语试卷（一） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Leaf-made Paper Paper is one of the basic products of the modern world.From books to toilet paper,everyone uses paper in daily life.___________1______More importantly,the traditional paper-making process uses lots of water and gives off harmful gases,which causes serious air pollution. What did Releaf Paper discover to replace wood? This is where Releaf Paper comes in.The company has found a green way to make environmentally friendly paper.Instead of using wood,it uses leaves to produce paper,which helps save millions of trees every year.The company was set up by Valentyn Frechka,who has always been interested in biochemistry(生物化学).__________2____He first tried making paper from grass but failed,then he turned to leaves and finally achieved great success. ___________3______ Some European cities collect fallen leaves from their streets and parks and send them to Releaf Paper.Then,using mechanical(机械的)and chemical processes,the company turns the leaves into paper.The new processes use 15 times less water and cause less air pollution than the traditional paper producing model. Why is the process of leaf-made paper greener? The leaf-made paper is eco-friendly.___________4______Frechka said they only use leaves from cities,not forests,because collecting leaves in forests is difficult and will destroy the ecosystem.They get leaves for paper and return lignin(木质素)to the cities.It's like a win-win model. How will Releaf Paper develop in the future? Releaf Paper doesn't want to stop their progress.They hope to spread their technology to more countries.___________5______In this way,more trees will be saved,less water will be wasted,and our planet will become greener and cleaner. A．It helps protect the forest ecosystem and save water. B．Releaf Paper makes more money by improving its technology. C．How does Releaf Paper produce leaf-made paper? D．They are working hard to improve their technology. E．Where do the fallen leaves come from? F．It led him to explore new paper-making methods. G．However,40%of the 15 billion trees are cut down to produce paper every year. 【答案】1．G 2．F 3．C 4．A 5．D 【解析】 1.G：第一段介绍纸的日常使用，后文转而说明传统造纸的环境危害，此处需要转折引出造纸对树木的破坏。选项G“然而，每年砍伐的150亿棵树中有40%用于造纸”承上启下。 2.F：前文介绍创始人Valentyn Frechka对生物化学感兴趣，后文描述他尝试不同造纸原料的经历，此处需要承接“感兴趣”并引出“探索新方法”。选项F“这促使他探索新的造纸方法”符合语境。 3.C：第三段后文详细说明落叶来源与制纸工艺，整段围绕树叶纸的生产流程展开，此处需要一个问句引出生产过程。选项C“Releaf Paper是如何生产树叶纸的？”符合段首设问的功能。 4.A：第四段点明树叶纸的环保属性，后文解释使用城市树叶以保护森林生态，此处需要具体说明树叶纸的环保优势。选项A“它有助于保护森林生态系统和节约用水”符合语境。 5.D：第五段说明公司未来发展目标，后文阐述推广技术的积极影响，此处需要承接“推广技术”并说明公司的行动。选项D“他们正在努力改进他们的技术”符合语境。 【改编训练】 【Passage 7】【改编】 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 Solar-Powered Roads Roads are an essential part of modern life.Every day,millions of cars travel on roads around the world.___________1______More importantly,traditional roads require constant maintenance and use materials that are harmful to the environment. What innovation is changing the way we think about roads? This is where solar-powered roads come in.Engineers have developed a new type of road surface that can generate electricity from sunlight.___________2______The company behind this innovation was founded by a team of scientists who had been researching renewable energy for years. ___________3______ These special roads are made of strong,transparent glass panels with solar cells underneath.When sunlight hits the surface,the solar cells convert it into electricity.This energy can then be used to power street lights,traffic signals,and even nearby homes.The system also includes LED lights that can display road markings and warnings directly on the road surface. Why are solar roads considered eco-friendly? Solar roads are environmentally friendly for several reasons.___________4______They also reduce the need for traditional road materials like asphalt,which produce harmful emissions during production.Additionally,the electricity generated is clean and renewable. What is the future of solar roads? The developers don't want to stop at simple road surfaces.They hope to expand this technology to parking lots,bike paths,and even airport runways.___________5______In this way,our infrastructure can serve multiple purposes while helping protect the environment. A．This discovery led them to develop a completely new type of road. B．It helps reduce dependence on fossil fuels and lowers carbon emissions. C．However,traditional roads have significant environmental drawbacks. D．How do solar-powered roads actually work? E．They are currently testing the technology in several cities around the world. F．Where does the electricity come from? 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 4．B 5．E 【解析】 1.C：第一段介绍道路的普遍性，后文转而说明传统道路的弊端，需要转折引出问题。选项C“然而，传统道路有显著的环境缺陷”符合语境。 2.A：前文介绍工程师开发了新型太阳能道路，后文介绍公司创始人的背景，需要承接“开发”并引出“探索过程”。选项A“这一发现促使他们开发了一种全新的道路”符合语境。 3.D：第三段后文详细说明太阳能道路的工作原理，段首需要问句引出“工作原理”。选项D“太阳能道路是如何实际工作的？”与下文内容完全匹配。 4.B：第四段点明太阳能道路的环保属性，后文解释减少传统材料使用，需要具体说明环保优势。选项B“它有助于减少对化石燃料的依赖，降低碳排放”符合语境。 5.E：第五段说明未来发展目标，后文阐述多重用途的积极影响，需要承接“推广技术”并说明当前行动。选项E“他们目前正在世界多个城市测试这项技术”符合语境。 【解题技巧·活动性栏目】 【技巧点拨站】 说明文类“事物介绍”解题三步法 步骤 操作要点 本课例题应用 第一步：定位文体 识别说明文特征：介绍事物、解释原理、说明功能。 两篇文章均为说明文，分别介绍“树叶纸”和“太阳能道路”。 第二步：识别结构 说明文常见结构：引出话题→介绍原理/优势→展望未来。 两篇文章均采用“问题引入→创新方案→工作原理→环保优势→未来发展”的结构。 第三步：功能匹配 根据设空位置判断语篇功能，匹配选项。 段首设问引出话题（如第3题）、段中因果解释（如第4题）、段尾展望未来（如第5题）。 【小试牛刀】 请用上述三步法，快速分析一篇你遇到的说明文阅读还原题，并在小组内分享你的分析思路。 【突破点二】记叙文类——故事叙述 命题特点：叙述个人经历、故事发展。常考查时间顺序、因果关系、人物反应、心理变化。 【真题示例】 【Passage 8】2026年吉林省中考预测原创卷（二） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 Ben and his sister,Marie,visited their grandparents during the school holidays.On their first day,Ben decided to play with their grandfather's slingshot(弹弓)in the garden.He practiced there all morning but could never hit the target(靶子).___________1______As he was walking back,he noticed their grandmother's clay rabbit. Suddenly,he used the slingshot to hit the clay rabbit.It broke.Ben looked at the broken pieces for a while.___________2______Marie had seen all of it from the window but she decided not to say anything.After lunch,their grandmother asked Marie to wash the dishes.Marie replied,"Grandma,Ben wants to help." Marie went up to Ben and said in a low voice,"I know about the clay rabbit."Ben realized that his sister knew what he had done.He was afraid.If he did not listen to her,she would tell their grandparents about it.___________3______Later that day,their grandfather invited the children to go fishing.But their grandmother said,"I'm sorry but I need Marie to help me prepare dinner."Marie just smiled and said,"Ben told me he wanted to help you." Ben really didn't want to stay behind to help but he kept quiet and nodded.___________4______After a few days,Ben could not stand it any longer.Actually,Marie kept an eye on the changes about her brother.She came to Ben and encouraged him to have a talk with their grandmother.Ben went to their grandmother and confessed(承认)that he had broken the clay rabbit. Their grandmother said,"Sweetheart,I know.I saw the whole thing that day.___________5______So I forgive(原谅)you." Ben smiled.He was happy again that he could finally enjoy the rest of his school holidays. A．Finally,he got a lot of fish. B．I'm proud of you for telling the truth. C．In fear,he hid them. D．Marie quickly went away with their grandfather. E．Without saying a word,he washed the dishes. F．Getting a little disappointed,he headed back for lunch. 【答案】1．F 2．C 3．E 4．D 5．B 【解析】 1.F：前文提到练习一上午没打中靶子，后文提到往回走时发现泥兔。此处需要描述Ben的心情和行动。选项F“有点失望，他回去吃午饭”符合语境。 2.C：前文提到Ben打碎泥兔后看着碎片，后文提到Marie目睹了一切但没说。此处需要描述Ben接下来的行动。选项C“由于害怕，他把它们藏了起来”符合语境。 3.E：前文提到Ben因害怕姐姐告密而不得不听她的话，后文提到祖母让Marie帮忙做晚餐。此处需要描述Ben被迫帮忙的情景。选项E“一言不发，他洗了盘子”符合语境。 4.D：前文提到祖父邀请去钓鱼，祖母留Marie帮忙，但Marie让Ben替她留下。此处需要描述Marie的行动。选项D“Marie迅速跟祖父离开了”符合语境。 5.B：前文提到Ben向祖母承认错误，后文提到祖母原谅了他。此处需要描述祖母对Ben认错的回应。选项B“我为你说出真相感到骄傲”符合语境。 【改编训练】 【Passage 9】 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 A Lesson Learned Lily was excited about her school's art competition.She had been practicing painting for weeks,hoping to win first place.On the day of the competition,she set up her easel and began to work on her masterpiece.___1___She accidentally knocked over a bottle of blue paint,which spilled all over her nearly finished painting. Lily stared at the mess in shock.Tears welled up in her eyes.___________2______She looked around and saw that no one had noticed what happened. Just then,her best friend Mia came over.Mia saw the spilled paint and Lily's upset face.Instead of saying anything,Mia picked up a brush and dipped it into the blue paint.___________3______She began to paint around the spill,turning the accident into the background of an ocean scene. Lily watched in amazement as the ruined painting transformed into something even more beautiful than her original idea.___________4______She joined Mia,and together they added colorful fish and coral reefs. When the competition ended,their painting won second place.As they accepted their award,Lily turned to Mia and whispered,"___________5______" Mia smiled and replied,"That's what friends are for." A．She started to paint over the blue spill. B．I'm so glad you were here to help me. C．She wanted to cry,but she held back. D．A smile spread across her face. E．However,as she reached for a new color,her hand slipped. F．She quickly cleaned up the paint and started a new painting. 【答案】1．E 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．B 【解析】 1.E：前文描述Lily开始作画，后文描述颜料洒了。此处需要引出意外事件。选项E“然而，当她伸手去拿新颜料时，手滑了”符合转折关系。 2.C：前文描述Lily震惊地看着颜料洒了，后文提到她环顾四周。此处需要描述她的心理反应。选项C“她想哭，但她忍住了”符合人物心理变化。 3.A：前文描述Mia拿起画笔蘸了蓝色颜料，后文描述她开始作画。此处需要承接动作。选项A“她开始在蓝色污渍上作画”符合动作连贯性。 4.D：前文描述Lily惊讶地看着画作变美，后文描述她加入作画。此处需要描述Lily的情绪变化。选项D“她脸上露出了笑容”符合人物情绪发展。 5.B：前文描述她们获奖后Lily对Mia低语，后文Mia回应“朋友就是这样”。此处需要填写Lily感谢的话语。选项B“我很高兴你在这里帮助我”符合语境。 【解题技巧·活动性栏目】 【技巧点拨站】 记叙文类“故事叙述”解题四步法 步骤 操作要点 本课例题应用 第一步：理清情节 按时间顺序梳理故事的开端、发展、高潮、结局。 打碎泥兔→Marie发现→被迫帮忙→坦白→原谅 第二步：关注人物 分析人物的情感变化和行为动机。 Ben：练习失败→失望→害怕→内疚→释然 第三步：衔接动作 选择能衔接前后动作的选项。 “藏起碎片”→“洗盘子”→“跟祖父离开” 第四步：呼应主题 结尾句常揭示道理或情感升华。 “我为你说出真相感到骄傲”→诚实受赞赏 【角色扮演】 请两人一组，用英语复述Ben和Lily的故事，重点描述人物情感变化的关键时刻，并讨论：如果你是故事中的主人公，你会怎么做？ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【突破点三】议论文类——观点论述 命题特点：提出观点、论证理由、得出结论。常考查论点与论据的匹配、转折与因果逻辑、总结句。 【真题示例】 【Passage 10】2025年山东省威海市中考英语真题 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 Talk to people you disagree with Everyone sometimes has disagreements with friends or family members.For example,you might not agree about what game to play,which restaurant makes the best pizza.___________1______ Disagreements are uncomfortable.There are some steps you can take to make the conversation meaningful.Here is how. See their attitude Even if you disagree with someone,you can still listen to what they say.Let them know that you're paying attention to them by listening carefully with interest.Another way to show that you're listening is by asking questions or repeating what they said.___________2______ Use polite language When someone has an opinion you don't agree with,don't pay too much attention to it.___________3______ Instead,focus on speaking calmly(沉着地).For example,you may begin with"I feel"or"I see this in another way". Stick to the facts If you have a strong opinion,it's better to stick to the facts instead of feelings.___________4______Then relax your shoulders and speak in a calm voice.If you are stopped by some person,you can remind the person that it's your turn to speak.Then give him another chance to speak later. Find common ground If you find that you can't change the other person's mind,and they may not change yours.__________5______You may also get a better understanding of each other's opinion.In the end,it's worth the effort because healthy communication builds strong relationships and communities. A．Still,look for the points you agree on. B．Start by asking if you can share your opinion. C．If this happens to you,you'd better say sorry to your friends. D．Avoid using impolite adjectives,like"stupid""foolish"or"silly". E．You can start by saying,"OK.I understand you.You are saying..." F．Sometimes you may disagree with your friends about more serious subjects. 【答案】1．F 2．E 3．D 4．B 5．A 【解析】 1.F：前文举例小事上的分歧，此处需要进一步说明更严肃话题上的分歧。选项F“有时你可能会在更严肃的话题上与朋友产生分歧”符合递进关系。 2.E：前文提到“通过提问或重复对方的话来表明你在听”，此处需要具体说明如何重复。选项E“你可以说，‘好的，我理解你，你是说……’”符合例证关系。 3.D：前文提到“不要过多关注对方观点”，后文提到“冷静表达”，此处需要说明应该避免什么。选项D“避免使用不礼貌的形容词，如‘愚蠢的’、‘傻的’或‘笨的’”符合语境。 4.B：前文提到“坚持事实而非感受”，后文提到“放松肩膀，冷静说话”，此处需要说明表达前的准备。选项B“首先询问是否可以分享你的观点”符合顺序逻辑。 5.A：前文提到“无法改变对方观点，对方也可能无法改变你的观点”，后文提到“更好地理解彼此观点”，此处需要转折引出新的建议。选项A“不过，还是要寻找你们达成一致的点”符合转折关系。 【改编训练】 【Passage 11】 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 How to Give Constructive Feedback Giving feedback to others can be challenging.Whether you're evaluating a classmate's project or commenting on a colleague's work,your words can either help or hurt.___________1______Here are some tips to keep in mind. Start with something positive. Before pointing out what needs improvement,acknowledge what the person did well.___________2______This makes the person more open to hearing your suggestions. ___________3______ When describing problems,focus on specific behaviors rather than personal characteristics.Instead of saying"You're careless,"try"I noticed several typos in the report."Specific feedback is easier to understand and act upon. Use"I"statements. Frame your feedback from your own perspective.___________4______This sounds less accusatory and more like a personal observation. Offer solutions,not just criticism. Pointing out problems is only half the job.___________5______For example,instead of just saying"This section is confusing,"add"Maybe you could add an example here to make it clearer." A．This approach helps the person feel valued. B．Be specific about what needs improvement. C．However,giving feedback effectively is a skill that can be learned. D．Always end with a suggestion for improvement. E．Say"I felt confused by this part"rather than"This part is badly written." F．You should only give feedback when asked. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．E 5．D 【解析】 1.C：前文指出“给予反馈具有挑战性”，后文引出“以下是一些建议”，需要转折引出“技能可学”。选项C“然而，有效给予反馈是一项可以学习的技能”符合转折关系。 2.A：前文建议“先肯定做得好的地方”，后文解释这样做的效果，需要说明这一做法的好处。选项A“这种方法让人感到被重视”符合因果关系。 3.B：本段后文强调“关注具体行为而非个人特质”，需要概括本段主旨的小标题。选项B“具体说明需要改进的地方”符合小标题功能。 4.E：前文建议“从自己的角度表达反馈”，后文解释这样做的好处，需要举例说明如何用“I”语句。选项E“说‘这部分让我感到困惑’而不是‘这部分写得不好’”符合例证关系。 5.D：前文指出“指出问题只是工作的一半”，后文举例说明如何提出建议，需要补充“另一半”是什么。选项D“总是以改进建议结尾”符合上下文逻辑。 【解题技巧·活动性栏目】 【技巧点拨站】 议论文类“观点论述”解题三要素 要素 识别方法 本课例题应用 论点 通常在段首或段尾，是作者要表达的核心观点。 “给予反馈是一项可以学习的技能” 论据 用事例、数据、道理支撑论点。 “用‘I’语句举例说明如何表达反馈” 论证 通过因果、转折、例证等逻辑展开。 “先肯定→对方更开放→具体建议→提供解决方案” 【辩论小活动】 请以“给予反馈时，应该直接指出问题还是委婉表达？”为题，分成正反两方进行辩论。辩论中注意使用议论文的逻辑结构（提出观点→列举理由→举例论证→得出结论）。 【突破点四】说明文类——方法建议 命题特点：介绍做某事的方法、步骤、技巧。常考查顺序逻辑（first,next,finally）、小标题匹配、例证关系。 【真题示例】 【Passage 12】2026年吉林省中考预测原创卷（一） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 Maybe you want to exercise more or start going to bed earlier in the coming year.___________1______ 1. Make a detailed(详细的)plan. If your New Year's plan is to exercise five days each week,a plan like"I'll exercise on weekdays"would not be clear.A detailed plan like"I'll exercise at school on weekdays during my lunch break"would be better.___________2______ 1. Make it fun. If it's not fun to exercise or study,you won't keep it easily.___________3______If you can only drink your favourite juice during study hours,you'll look forward to studying. ___________4_____ Tell a few friends about your goals so you'll feel a deep sense of shame if they check back later and find out you haven't followed through. 1. Give yourself more chances. You planned to get to bed early every night,but one Friday you stayed up late.___________5_____ But giving yourself one or two more chances can help you get better results. A．All in all,you should give all the facts or information about something in your plan. B．Get a little help from your friends. C．Maybe you're going to take up a hobby like painting. D．Here is some advice that can help you keep your goals. E．After that you may want to give up the early-to-bed plan. F．But if you get fun from your exercise or study,you'll keep it longer. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．F 4．B 5．E 【解析】 1.D：前文提到新年计划，后文列举具体建议，此处需要总起句引出下文。选项D“这里有一些可以帮助你坚持目标的建议”符合段首总起功能。 2.A：前文强调详细计划的重要性，此处需要总结详细计划的特点。选项A“总之，你应该在计划中提供所有的事实或信息”符合段尾总结功能。 3.F：前文提到“如果无趣就难坚持”，此处需要转折说明趣味性的作用。选项F“但如果你从运动或学习中获得乐趣，你会坚持得更久”符合转折关系。 4.B：本段下文提到“告诉朋友你的目标”，此处需要概括本段主旨的小标题。选项B“从朋友那里获得一点帮助”符合小标题功能。 5.E：前文提到“某天熬夜打乱了计划”，后文提到“给自己一两次机会”，此处需要描述计划被打断后的常见反应。选项E“之后你可能想放弃早睡计划”符合因果关系。 【改编训练】 【Passage 13】 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 How to Build a New Habit Do you want to start exercising regularly,read more books,or learn a new skill?Building a new habit can be challenging,but with the right approach,you can succeed.___________1______ Start tiny. Don't try to change everything at once.___________2______If you want to start running,begin with just five minutes a day.Once this becomes automatic,you can gradually increase the time. ___________3______ Your environment plays a big role in habit formation.Put your running shoes by the door.Place a book on your pillow.Make the desired behavior as easy as possible to start. Track your progress. Keeping a record of your efforts can be motivating.Mark an"X"on your calendar for each day you complete your habit.___________4______This visual reminder encourages you to keep going. Be patient and kind to yourself. Building habits takes time.You will likely miss a day or two.___________5______Instead of giving up,simply get back on track the next day.Consistency over time matters more than perfection. A．Set a clear goal. B．Design your environment for success. C．Here are some effective strategies to help you. D．Don't let a small setback discourage you. E．Start with a version so easy you can't say no. F．Seeing your chain of X's grow gives you a sense of achievement. 【答案】1．C 2．E 3．B 4．F 5．D 【解析】 1.C：前文提到“养成新习惯有挑战但可以成功”，后文列举具体建议，需要总起句引出下文。选项C“以下是一些有效的策略可以帮助你”符合段首总起功能。 2.E：本段标题“从小处开始”，后文举例“从每天五分钟开始”，需要解释“小处”的含义。选项E“从一个简单到无法拒绝的版本开始”符合解释关系。 3.B：本段下文提到“把跑鞋放在门口”“把书放在枕头上”，强调环境的作用，需要概括本段主旨的小标题。选项B“为成功设计你的环境”符合小标题功能。 4.F：前文提到“在日历上标记每天完成习惯的X”，后文提到“视觉提醒激励你坚持”，需要说明标记X的作用。选项F“看到X链条不断增长会给你成就感”符合因果关系。 5.D：前文提到“可能会错过一两天”，后文提到“第二天重新开始”，需要描述面对失误的态度。选项D“不要让小的挫折使你气馁”符合上下文逻辑。 【解题技巧·活动性栏目】 【技巧点拨站】 方法建议类说明文解题指南 结构特征 识别标志 解题策略 总起段 引出话题，提出背景，常以设问或建议句开头。 选择概括性强的选项，通常不含具体细节。 小标题 祈使句或名词短语，概括段落主旨。 匹配段落核心内容，语言形式一致。 顺序词 first,next,then,finally,start with... 根据顺序逻辑选择符合步骤的选项。 举例句 for example,such as,like... 选择与观点匹配的具体事例。 总结句 in short,all in all,in a word... 选择总结性或展望性的选项。 【实践任务】 请为自己想要养成的一个习惯（如每天背20个单词）制定一份行动计划，参照本文的四个步骤（从小处开始、设计环境、记录进展、保持耐心），用英语写出你的计划，并在小组内分享。 【突破点五】记叙文类——人物成长 命题特点：叙述人物经历、心理变化、成长感悟。常考查因果关系、情感变化、主题升华。 【真题示例】 【Passage 14】2026年吉林省中考预测原创卷（三） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 Zhang Jinyuan is 94 years old.However,she has never stopped pursuing(追求)her nursing dream in Nanchang,Jiangxi Province. ___________1______,the highest international honor for nurses.The medal was set to remember Florence Nightingale(1820-1910)who did a lot of work educating people about the importance of keeping hospitals clean.___________2______. Recently Miss Zhang has been presented with the ICN(国际护士理事会)and FNIF(佛罗伦斯·南丁格尔国际基金会)International Achievement Award for 2023.The award is offered every two years to a practicing nurse with at least 10 years of nursing experience.___________3______:direct care,education,management or research. Up to now,she has worked in clinical(临床的)nursing for more than 40 years.___________4______,and she has also written more than 100 nursing papers and made 37 nursing research projects. After her retirement(退休),she is still active in volunteering.In 2000,Miss Zhang,together with other 17 retired nurses,set up a caring center in Nanchang,providing caring service at community level.______5_____.By 2023,the center had 19,251 volunteers to provide services for more than 700,000 residents(居民). A．Today in modern hospitals this work is still carried on B．She has given more than 1,000 reports C．That's why she lived in Hong Kong D．20 years ago,she won the Florence Nightingale Medal E．The experience is mainly in one of the following nursing fields F．Now,more and more volunteers are joining the volunteer nursing team 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．E 4．B 5．F 【解析】 1.D：前文介绍张金媛94岁仍追求护理梦，后文解释南丁格尔奖章的意义，需要介绍她获得的荣誉。选项D“20年前，她获得了弗洛伦斯·南丁格尔奖章”符合语境。 2.A：前文介绍南丁格尔教育人们保持医院清洁的重要性，需要说明这一工作的延续。选项A“今天，在现代医院，这项工作仍在继续”符合语境。 3.E：前文介绍该奖项的颁发条件，后文列出四个领域，需要引出这些领域。选项E“经验主要在以下护理领域之一”符合语境。 4.B：前文介绍她在临床护理工作40多年，后文提到撰写论文和研究项目，需要补充她的其他贡献。选项B“她做了1000多份报告”符合并列关系。 5.F：前文介绍她成立护理中心，后文介绍2023年志愿者数量，需要说明志愿者的增长。选项F“现在，越来越多的志愿者加入了志愿者护理团队”符合发展逻辑。 【改编训练】 【Passage 15】 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 A Lifelong Passion for Music Li Mei is 78 years old,but she still teaches piano lessons in her small studio in Shanghai._______1______,one of the most prestigious honors for music educators in China. Li Mei's love for music began when she was six years old.Her father,a violin player,recognized her talent early.___________2______.He would spend hours each evening practicing with her,instilling in her a deep appreciation for classical music. Over her 60-year teaching career,Li Mei has taught more than 3,000 students.___________3______,and many have gone on to become professional musicians themselves.Her teaching philosophy is simple:music should bring joy,not stress. Even after retirement,Li Mei continues to inspire young musicians.In 2005,she founded a community music school in her neighborhood.___________4______.By 2025,the school had over 500 students and 20 volunteer teachers. When asked about her secret to a fulfilling life,Li Mei smiles and says,"___________5______.It gives me purpose and keeps me young at heart." A．This early training laid a solid foundation for her future B．Finding something you love and sticking with it C．That's why she decided to become a professional musician D．Ten years ago,she received the Lifetime Achievement Award E．She believes in nurturing each student's unique talent F．Now,the school has grown into a beloved community institution 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．E 4．F 5．B 【解析】 1.D：前文介绍李梅78岁仍教钢琴，后文解释该奖项的意义，需要介绍她获得的荣誉。选项D“十年前，她获得了终身成就奖”符合语境。 2.A：前文介绍父亲发现她的天赋，后文描述父亲每天陪她练习，需要说明这一经历的影响。选项A“这早期的训练为她打下了坚实的基础”符合因果关系。 3.E：前文介绍她教过3000多名学生，后文提到学生成为专业音乐家，需要介绍她的教学理念。选项E“她相信培养每个学生的独特天赋”符合语境。 4.F：前文介绍她创办社区音乐学校，后文介绍2025年学校规模，需要说明学校的发展。选项F“现在，这所学校已成为深受喜爱的社区机构”符合发展逻辑。 5.B：前文询问充实生活的秘诀，后文解释音乐给她带来的意义，需要填写她的回答。选项B“找到你热爱的事情并坚持下去”符合语境。 【解题技巧·活动性栏目】 【技巧点拨站】 人物成长类记叙文解题四维度 维度 关注要点 本课例题应用 时间线 按时间顺序梳理人物经历 6岁学琴→60年教学生涯→退休后办学校 成就线 人物获得的荣誉、成就 终身成就奖→教3000学生→创办学校 品质线 体现人物精神的细节 父亲陪练→教学理念→“找到热爱并坚持” 升华线 结尾句揭示人生感悟 “音乐给我目标，让我保持年轻” 【采访活动】 请采访一位你身边的长辈（祖父母、邻居、社区工作者），了解他们一生中坚持最久的一件事是什么，为什么能坚持下来。用英语写一篇简短的采访报告，并在班上分享。 【难点一】段首设问句的识别与匹配 难点特征：段首以问句形式出现，需选择与下文内容匹配的问句。学生易混淆不同问句的功能（如“是什么”vs“怎么做”vs“为什么”）。 解题关键：问句的功能必须与下文回答的内容完全匹配。 【典例剖析】 【Passage 16】2026年陕西省中考适应性训练英语试卷（一） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 Leaf-made Paper Paper is one of the basic products of the modern world.From books to toilet paper,everyone uses paper in daily life.However,40%of the 15 billion trees are cut down to produce paper every year.More importantly,the traditional paper-making process uses lots of water and gives off harmful gases,which causes serious air pollution. What did Releaf Paper discover to replace wood? This is where Releaf Paper comes in.The company has found a green way to make environmentally friendly paper.Instead of using wood,it uses leaves to produce paper,which helps save millions of trees every year.The company was set up by Valentyn Frechka,who has always been interested in biochemistry.It led him to explore new paper-making methods.He first tried making paper from grass but failed,then he turned to leaves and finally achieved great success. ___________1______ Some European cities collect fallen leaves from their streets and parks and send them to Releaf Paper.Then,using mechanical and chemical processes,the company turns the leaves into paper.The new processes use 15 times less water and cause less air pollution than the traditional paper producing model. Why is the process of leaf-made paper greener? The leaf-made paper is eco-friendly.It helps protect the forest ecosystem and save water.Frechka said they only use leaves from cities,not forests,because collecting leaves in forests is difficult and will destroy the ecosystem.They get leaves for paper and return lignin to the cities.It's like a win-win model. How will Releaf Paper develop in the future? Releaf Paper doesn't want to stop their progress.They hope to spread their technology to more countries.They are working hard to improve their technology.In this way,more trees will be saved,less water will be wasted,and our planet will become greener and cleaner. 从下面选项中选择最佳选项填入第1题空白处。 A．It helps protect the forest ecosystem and save water. B．Releaf Paper makes more money by improving its technology. C．How does Releaf Paper produce leaf-made paper? D．They are working hard to improve their technology. E．Where do the fallen leaves come from? F．It led him to explore new paper-making methods. G．However,40%of the 15 billion trees are cut down to produce paper every year. 【答案】C 【解析】 本题设空处位于段首，且需要选择一个问句。学生需要分析问句的类型与下文内容的匹配度。选项C“How does Releaf Paper produce leaf-made paper?”询问制作过程，下文描述树叶收集→机械化学处理→制成纸张，完全匹配。选项E“Where do the fallen leaves come from?”询问来源，仅第一句涉及“城市收集树叶”，后文重点是制作过程，属于以偏概全。 【关键技巧】：段首设问句的功能是引出段落核心内容。快速浏览该段全文，判断段落主要回答“如何制作”还是“来源是什么”。 【改编训练】 【Passage 17】 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 The Secret Language of Whales Whales are known for their complex vocalizations,often called"whale songs."These sounds travel for hundreds of miles underwater and play a crucial role in whale communication.___________1______Scientists have been studying these mysterious sounds for decades. What do whale songs actually sound like? Whale songs are not random noises.They consist of structured patterns of clicks,whistles,and prolonged calls.Each song can last for hours and be repeated multiple times.Interestingly,whale populations in different oceans have distinct"dialects"—their songs vary by region. ___________2______ Researchers use underwater microphones called hydrophones to record whale vocalizations.By analyzing the frequency,duration,and patterns of these sounds,scientists can identify different species and even individual whales.Advanced computer algorithms now help process the massive amounts of data collected from ocean listening stations. Why do whales sing? Scientists believe whale songs serve multiple purposes.___________3______Male humpback whales,for example,sing complex songs during breeding season,likely to attract females.Whales also use sounds to coordinate group hunting and to navigate in dark ocean depths.Some researchers suggest that whale songs may even express emotions. ___________4______ Climate change and ocean noise pollution pose serious threats to whale communication.Increasing ship traffic,underwater construction,and military sonar create background noise that can drown out whale songs.___________5______Conservation efforts include establishing quiet ocean zones and developing quieter ship technologies. 从下面选项中选择最佳选项填入空白处。 A．How do scientists study whale songs? B．They are working to protect whale habitats. C．These sounds are among the most mysterious in the animal kingdom. D．One key function is reproduction. E．This makes it harder for whales to find mates and coordinate activities. F．What threats do whale songs face today? G．Where do whales learn their songs? 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 4．F 5．E 【解析】 1.C：第一段介绍鲸鱼歌声的特点，后文引出科学家研究，此处需要总结其神秘性。选项C“这些声音是动物王国中最神秘的声音之一”符合语境。 2.A：本段下文描述科学家如何研究鲸鱼歌声，段首需要问句引出“研究方法”。选项A“科学家如何研究鲸鱼歌声？”与下文内容完全匹配。 3.D：本段回答“为什么鲸鱼唱歌”，下文列举繁殖、捕猎、导航等功能，需要引出第一个功能。选项D“一个关键功能是繁殖”符合语境。 4.F：本段下文描述气候变化和噪音污染对鲸鱼歌声的威胁，段首需要问句引出“威胁”。选项F“如今鲸鱼歌声面临什么威胁？”与下文内容完全匹配。 5.E：前文描述噪音会淹没鲸鱼歌声，后文介绍保护措施，需要说明噪音的影响。选项E“这使得鲸鱼更难寻找配偶和协调活动”符合因果关系。 【难点攻坚·技巧点拨】 【问句匹配三步法】 步骤 操作要点 典例应用 改编应用 第一步：预判功能 快速浏览设空处后文，判断段落回答“是什么”“为什么”“怎么做”还是“在哪里”。 后文描述制作过程→判断为“怎么做” 第二段后文描述研究方法→判断为“怎么做” 第二步：筛选问句 从选项中筛选与预判功能匹配的问句。 C（怎么做）vs E（在哪里） A（怎么做）vs G（在哪里） 第三步：代入验证 将问句代入，检查下文是否直接回答该问题。 下文直接描述制作过程→匹配 下文直接描述研究方法→匹配 【小练习】 请判断以下问句分别属于哪一类功能，将序号填入对应括号： A.What is the main cause of this problem?（） B.How can we solve this issue?（） C.Why do whales sing?（） D.Where can we find these animals?（） E.When did this discovery take place?（） 答案：A-原因B-方法C-原因D-地点E-时间 【难点二】隐含逻辑关系的识别（无显性信号词） 难点特征：设空处前后没有明显的逻辑信号词（如but,so,however），需通过句意推断隐含的因果、转折或顺承关系。 解题关键：关注语义的内在联系，通过关键词复现、代词指代、情感色彩变化来推断。 【典例剖析】 【Passage 18】 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 A Volunteer Teacher's Story Wang Xueru,a 22-year-old university student from Beijing,joined the"Go West"programme to teach in Yunnan.___________1______For Wang,it was a year of warmth and growth. At first,many problems in teaching worried Wang.___________2______She learnt different teaching methods from online courses.Months later,she felt confident about her teaching work. ___________3______She organized creative activities to support the students'all-around development.One of Wang's projects was"Super Poetry",mixing local culture with short poems.Student Yi Xiangkan said,"I used to be bored with Chinese,but now I find it beautiful." ___________4______When a student called Zhou Jie was sick,Wang visited her in the hospital and gave her support.Wang even kept every student's birthday in mind and prepared a birthday cake for each of them.The whole class felt like a big family. "Volunteer teaching is not one-way,"Wang said."___________5______" For more than 20 years,the"Go West"programme has sent volunteers to connect city and countryside education.Wang's story shows that love grows when people help each other. 从下面选项中选择最佳选项填入空白处。 A．So she tried hard to solve them. B．Wang didn't just teach textbooks. C．Those children have taught me a lot. D．Wang also cared about students'daily life. E．Wang had to teach them Maths and English. F．The programme sends young volunteers to teach in western areas. 【答案】1．F 2．A 3．B 4．D 5．C 【解析】 1.F：前文介绍王雪茹参与“西部计划”，后文讲述她在支教中的收获，需要解释“西部计划”的核心内容。选项F“该计划派遣年轻志愿者到西部地区任教”符合语境。 2.A：前文提到“教学问题让她担心”，后文讲她学习教学方法，隐含因果关系。选项A“所以她努力解决这些问题”起到过渡作用。 3.B：本段后文描述组织创意活动、开展特色项目，并非只进行课本教学，段首需概括。选项B“王雪茹不只是教课本内容”符合语境。 4.D：本段后文描述看望生病学生、记生日、准备蛋糕等生活细节，段首需概括。选项D“王雪茹还关心学生的日常生活”符合语境。 5.C：前文“支教不是单向的”，后文总结，隐含解释关系。选项C“那些孩子也教会了我很多”符合语境。 【改编训练】 【Passage 19】 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 A Journey of Discovery When 16-year-old Alex first joined the ocean conservation camp,he expected a summer of fun by the sea.___________1______For Alex,it became a life-changing experience that shaped his future career path. During the first week,Alex struggled with the scientific terminology used by the marine biologists.___________2______He spent extra hours in the camp library,reading research papers and watching educational videos.By the end of the second week,he was confidently discussing coral reef ecosystems with the experts. ___________3_____He started a beach cleanup project that combined environmental science with community outreach.Local students joined his efforts,and soon the project expanded to three neighboring beaches.One participant,a young girl named Maya,said,"I never knew a teenager could make such a big difference." ___________4______When one of the researchers fell ill,Alex volunteered to help with the daily water quality testing.He also organized a mentorship program where older campers guided newcomers through the learning process.The camp community grew closer because of his efforts. "At first,I thought I came here to learn from others,"Alex reflected."___________5______" The ocean conservation camp has inspired countless young people to protect marine ecosystems.Alex's journey shows that when young people take initiative,they can create meaningful change. 从下面选项中选择最佳选项填入空白处。 A．But he was determined not to fall behind. B．Alex went beyond his assigned responsibilities. C．I never expected to learn so much about myself. D．However,he found the experience far more challenging than expected. E．Alex also took on leadership roles beyond the camp requirements. F．The camp sends young people to explore coastal ecosystems. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B 4．E 5．C 【解析】 1.D：前文“期待海边乐趣”，后文“改变人生的经历”，隐含转折关系。选项D“然而，他发现这次经历比他预期的更具挑战性”符合语境。 2.A：前文“科学术语困扰”，后文“花额外时间学习”，隐含因果关系。选项A“但他决心不落后”符合语义。 3.B：本段后文描述Alex发起海滩清理项目并扩大影响，段首需概括其超出职责的行为。选项B“Alex承担了超出分配职责的任务”符合语境。 4.E：本段后文描述志愿者帮忙、组织导师项目，段首需概括领导角色。选项E“Alex还承担了超出营地要求的领导角色”符合语境。 5.C：前文“我以为我来向别人学习”，后文总结，隐含转折/反思关系。选项C“我从没想过能对自己有这么多了解”符合语境。 【难点攻坚·技巧点拨】 【隐含逻辑推断四法】 方法 操作要点 典例应用 改编应用 1.因果推断法 前文是“问题/原因”，后文是“解决/结果” 问题→努力解决 术语困扰→决心不落后 2.转折推断法 前后文语义相反或情感色彩变化 期待乐趣vs挑战经历 学习别人vs了解自己 3.概括推断法 段首句需概括后文细节内容 后文活动→不只教课本 后文项目→超出职责 4.递进推断法 后文内容在前文基础上深入/扩展 前段教学→后段生活关怀 前段项目→后段领导角色 【思维训练】 请阅读以下句子对，判断隐含的逻辑关系（因果/转折/顺承/例证），并说明判断依据： 1._________________ 句子A：The weather forecast predicted heavy rain. 句子B：He decided to bring an umbrella. 答案：因果关系（因为预测下雨，所以带伞） 2._________________ 句子A：She studied for months for the exam. 句子B：She failed to get a passing score. 答案：转折关系（努力了但没通过） 3._______________ 句子A：The old house needed extensive repairs. 句子B：The roof was leaking and the windows were broken. 答案：例证关系（后文举例说明需要维修） 【难点三】代词指代的精准定位 难点特征：选项中出现代词（it,they,this,these,those等），需在原文中找到明确的指代对象，确保单复数、逻辑一致性。 解题关键：代词指代的对象必须在前文出现，且单复数一致、逻辑合理。 【典例剖析】 【Passage 20】2025年黑龙江省大庆市中考英语真题 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 Why do Fish Travel in Schools(群)? Have you ever seen fish swimming together in a school?It's quite an amazing sight!They move together,turning and changing directions at the same time.It makes you wonder:___________1_____In fact,the answer is no.Each fish finds its own direction.Researchers George Lauder from Harvard University and Yangfan Zhang have studied this for a long time.Now,they have discovered that fish can save a lot of energy by schooling. In the experiment,the two researchers put giant danio,a fish that likes to swim in schools,in a tank(水箱).___________2_____Other times,they put just one fish in.As we all know,by measuring how much O₂people use when exercising,we can know how much energy people use.The method also goes for fish.___________3______ The results were interesting and clear.Schooling fish used less O₂than those swimming alone.And they took less time to become energetic again.___________4____The researchers repeated this experiment five times to make sure the results were right.By schooling,fish can save energy for other important things,says Frank Fish from West Chester University.___________5______For adults,they can use the saved energy to have babies or to stay away from animals that want to eat them. 从下面选项中选择最佳选项填入空白处。 A．Why do they swim in a school? B．Is there someone directing them how to move? C．Adult fish in a school are not afraid of anything. D．In other words,they were full of energy in a shorter time. E．Sometimes,the researchers put eight fish in a tank at a time. F．For example,young fish can put the saved energy into growth. G．So researchers used a special machine to measure how much O₂fish used when swimming. 【答案】1．B 2．E 3．G 4．D 5．F 【解析】 1.B：前文描述鱼群同步游动令人好奇，后文回答“否，每条鱼自己找方向”，需要问句。选项B“是否有专人指挥它们的行动方向？”符合语境。 2.E：前文介绍实验对象，后文提到“other times,they put just one fish in”，需要填入与后文形成并列/对比的内容。选项E“有时，研究人员会一次性将八条鱼放入一个水箱中”符合语境。 3.G：前文提到“测量氧气消耗可知能量消耗，这种方法也适用于鱼”，需要承接上文，说明具体如何测量。选项G“因此，研究人员使用了一台特殊的仪器来测量鱼在游动时消耗的氧气量”符合因果关系。 4.D：前文提到“鱼群消耗更少氧气，恢复精力时间更短”，需要换种说法进行解释。选项D“换句话说，它们在较短的时间内就充满了活力”中的“in other words”表明解释关系。 5.F：前文提到“鱼群可节省能量用于其他重要事情”，后文提到“成年鱼用于繁殖或逃避捕食者”，需要举例说明。选项F“例如，幼鱼可以把储存的能量用于生长”中的“young fish”与后文“adults”形成并列/对比。 【改编训练】 【Passage 21】 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 The Power of Play Why do young animals spend so much time playing?Scientists have long been fascinated by this question.___________1______In fact,research shows that play serves critical developmental functions. In a recent study,researchers observed a group of young wolf pups in their natural habitat.__________2______Other times,they watched pups that played less frequently.The goal was to compare their development over time. To measure the effects of play,scientists used special tracking devices to monitor the pups'movements and social interactions.___________3_____ The findings were striking.Pups that played more often developed better coordination and social skills than those that played less.___________4______The researchers conducted follow-up observations over two years to confirm their initial results. Through play,young animals develop essential life skills.___________5______For adult animals,these skills help them hunt effectively and maintain social bonds within their groups. 从下面选项中选择最佳选项填入空白处。 A．They showed faster learning and stronger social bonds. B．The answer is not simply that it's fun. C．Sometimes,they focused on pups that played frequently. D．In other words,play directly contributed to their survival abilities. E．For example,wolf pups learn hunting techniques through chasing games. F．The researchers put the pups in a controlled environment. G．This technology allowed them to collect detailed data on play behavior. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．G 4．A 5．E 【解析】 1.B：前文“科学家长期着迷于这个问题”，后文“研究表明玩耍有重要功能”，隐含转折关系。选项B“答案不仅仅是它有趣”中的“it”指代前文的“play”。 2.C：前文“观察一群小狼”，后文“other times,they watched pups that played less”，形成并列对比。选项C“有时，他们关注经常玩耍的小狼”与后文形成对照。 3.G：前文“使用追踪设备监测”，需要说明设备的作用。选项G“这项技术使他们能够收集关于玩耍行为的详细数据”中的“this technology”指代前文的“tracking devices”。 4.A：前文“更常玩耍的狼崽协调能力和社交能力发展更好”，需要总结或换种说法。选项A“它们表现出更快的学习和更强的社交联系”中的“they”指代前文的“pups that played more often”。 5.E：前文“通过玩耍发展重要生存技能”，后文“对成年动物，这些技能帮助狩猎”，需要举例说明。选项E“例如，狼崽通过追逐游戏学习捕猎技巧”符合例证关系。 【难点攻坚·技巧点拨】 【代词指代定位三原则】 原则 操作要点 错误示例 正确示例 1.就近原则 代词优先指代最近的名词/名词短语 they指代前句主语 schooling fish→they 2.单复数一致 单数代词（it/this/that）指代单数名词；复数代词（they/these/those）指代复数名词 it指代pups（❌） it指代the experiment（✓） 3.逻辑合理 代词所指对象需符合句意逻辑 they指代researchers但句意需描述fish 根据上下文判断 【代词指代专项训练】 请指出下列句子中代词的指代对象： 1.The team presented their findings at the conference.They received positive feedback. 指代对象：______（the team） 2.This discovery led to further research in the field. 指代对象：______（前文提到的某个发现） 3.Young whales learn songs from their mothers.These songs vary by region. 指代对象：______（songs） 4.The experiment required careful setup.It took three hours to complete. 指代对象：______（the experiment） 【难点四】干扰项的识别与排除 难点特征：干扰项在内容和语言上与原文高度相关，但存在“以偏概全”“逻辑断裂”“指代不明”等问题。 解题关键：学会识别干扰项的“陷阱”，通过对比分析排除错误选项。 【典例剖析】 【Passage 22】2025年四川省南充市中考英语真题 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 The Wooden Drum Festival The Wooden Drum Festival is an important event for the Wa people in Yunnan.It is named after the wooden drum,a special musical instrument.___________1______ The wooden drums are the most important part of the festival.They are not just musical instruments but also carry deep cultural meanings.The Wa people believe the drums connect them with their ancestors and nature.___________2______They are about 0.8 meters wide and 2 meters long. ___________3______They dance in a circle,moving to the strong beat of the drums to express their wishes for a happy life and good luck.When dancing,they sing songs which are about the Wa people's history and daily life.___________4______It also helps keep their culture alive.Besides dancing,there are also sports games and traditional opera shows. The Wa people mainly live in two areas in Yunnan:Ximeng Wa Autonomous County and Cangyuan Wa Autonomous County.The festival usually lasts three days.In the past,the Wa people celebrated the festival in the"Grey Month"of the Wa calendar.___________5______This change allows more people to learn about the Wa culture. 从下面选项中选择最佳选项填入空白处。 A．So,the dance is not just for fun. B．The drums are usually made of red wood. C．The festival shows their history,traditions,and rich culture. D．It is a good opportunity for young people to make new friends. E．People come together around the drum house during the festival. F．But since 2002,they have changed the date to April 10th to 12th. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．E 4．A 5．F 【干扰项分析】 干扰项 陷阱类型 排除原因 D．It is a good opportunity for young people to make new friends. 以偏概全 文中未提及“交友”功能，且与上下文无逻辑关联 【解析】 1.C：第一段介绍木鼓节的重要性，需要总结其意义。选项C“这个节日展示了他们的历史、传统和丰富的文化”符合语境。 2.B：前文介绍木鼓的文化意义，后文介绍其尺寸，需要补充木鼓的制作材料。选项B“鼓通常由红木制成”符合语境。 3.E：本段后文描述人们围着鼓跳舞，段首需要描述人们聚集的情景。选项E“节日期间，人们聚集在鼓楼周围”符合语境。 4.A：前文描述舞蹈和歌曲，后文“也有助于保持文化活力”，需要说明舞蹈的意义。选项A“所以，跳舞不仅仅是为了好玩”符合因果关系。 5.F：前文介绍过去庆祝时间，后文“这一变化让更多人了解佤族文化”，需要说明时间的变化。选项F“但自2002年以来，他们将日期改为4月10日至12日”符合转折关系。 【改编训练】 【Passage 23】 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 The Ice Festival of Harbin Harbin‘s Ice Festival is one of the world’s most spectacular winter events.Every year,millions of visitors flock to this northeastern Chinese city to witness the breathtaking ice sculptures.___________1_____ The ice used for the festival comes from the Songhua River.Workers carefully select and cut massive blocks of ice,which are then transported to the exhibition site.___________2_____Each block can weigh up to several hundred kilograms. ___________3_____ Teams of skilled artisans work day and night,using chisels,saws,and even chainsaws to shape the ice.Some sculptures reach heights of over 40 meters and are illuminated with colorful LED lights,creating a magical winter wonderland. The festival is not only about viewing sculptures.___________4_____Visitors can try ice skating,ice sledding,and even ice swimming for the adventurous.__________5_____Many families make it an annual tradition to experience the frozen magic together. 根据短文内容，将下面方框内的选项还原到文中空白处，使短文内容完整、通顺，每个选项只能用一次，其中有一个选项是多余的。 A．The ice blocks are known for their exceptional clarity and strength. B．The festival showcases the incredible skill of ice artists. C．It also offers a variety of winter activities for all ages. D．These activities make the festival enjoyable for the whole family. E．The festival brings economic benefits to the local community. F．Creating these masterpieces requires remarkable talent and dedication. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．F 4．C 5．D 【解析】 1．B：第一段介绍哈尔滨冰节是世界级盛事，需要总起句概括节日的核心魅力。选项B“这个节日展示了冰雕艺术家的惊人技艺”符合段首总起功能，引出后文对冰雕的详细描述。 2．A：前文描述采冰和运输过程，后文提到“每块重达数百公斤”，需要补充冰的质地特点。选项A“这些冰块以其非凡的透明度和强度而闻名”符合语境，说明冰雕用材的特殊品质。 3．F：第三段描述艺术家们日夜工作雕刻冰雕，段首需要概括本段主旨。选项F“创作这些杰作需要非凡的才华和奉献精神”符合小标题功能，与后文对艺术家工作的描写形成呼应。 4．C：前文提到“节日不仅是观赏雕塑”，后文列举冰上活动，需要转折引出其他活动项目。选项C“它还提供适合所有年龄段的多种冬季活动”符合转折关系，承上启下。 5．D：前文列举多种活动，后文提到“许多家庭将其作为年度传统”，需要总结活动的意义。选项D“这些活动使节日适合全家享受”中的“these activities”指代前文的冰上活动，符合总结功能。 【干扰项分析】 干扰项 陷阱类型 排除原因 E．The festival brings economic benefits to the local community. 无关信息 文中未提及经济效益，与上下文无逻辑关联，属于偏离文章主题的干扰项 【易错点提示】 易错点 典型错误 正确应对 段首设空混淆 第3题误选 B 或 C B 已在第1题使用，且 B 侧重“展示技艺”，F 侧重“创作所需的才华”，后者更贴合“雕刻过程”这一段落核心 代词指代不清 第5题误选 C C 中“it”指代 festival，但第5空前文列举的是具体活动，D 中“these activities”指代更精准 以偏概全 第1题误选 F F 仅强调创作难度，无法概括全文；B 更能总领全篇，体现冰节的核心价值 无关信息干扰 误选 E 经济效益文中未提及，属“无中生有”型干扰项 【文体特征归纳】 说明文类“文化节日”解题要点： 结构位置 常见功能 信号词/特征 段首（总起） 概括节日核心价值 展示、体现、以……闻名 段中（补充） 说明材料/背景信息 来源于、以……著称 段首（小标题） 概括段落主旨 需要、要求、体现……精神 段中（转折） 引出其他方面内容 不仅……还……、此外 段尾（总结） 总结活动意义 这些、使……成为、让……能够 【训练一】说明文类——科技与环保 难度：★★★☆☆|建议用时：6分钟 【Passage 24】 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 Self-Healing Concrete Concrete is the most widely used building material in the world.From bridges to skyscrapers,it forms the backbone of modern infrastructure.___________1_____More importantly,concrete develops cracks over time,which can lead to costly repairs and even structural failure. What innovation is solving this problem? This is where self-healing concrete comes in.Scientists have developed a new type of concrete that can repair its own cracks without human intervention.__________2____The research team behind this breakthrough spent over a decade studying bacteria that naturally produce limestone. _________3_____ The technology works by embedding dormant bacteria and a special food source into the concrete mixture.When cracks form and water seeps in,the bacteria become active and begin producing limestone crystals.These crystals fill the cracks within weeks,restoring the concrete‘s strength.The healing process requires no human effort and works in temperatures ranging from freezing to over 40°C. Why is self-healing concrete considered a game-changer? This innovative material offers multiple benefits for the construction industry.___________4____It also extends the lifespan of structures by decades,reducing the need for demolition and rebuilding.Additionally,fewer repairs mean less construction waste and lower carbon emissions from transportation and manufacturing. What is the future of self-healing concrete? The developers are working to make this technology commercially available.They hope to incorporate it into major infrastructure projects worldwide.___________5_____In this way,buildings and bridges could become safer,more durable,and far less costly to maintain over time. 根据短文内容，将下面方框内的选项还原到文中空白处，使短文内容完整、通顺，每个选项只能用一次，其中有一个选项是多余的。 A．This discovery led them to develop a completely new construction material. B．It helps reduce maintenance costs and prevents structural failures. C．However,traditional concrete has a serious weakness. D．How does self-healing concrete actually work? E．They are currently conducting large-scale field tests in several countries. F．Where can self-healing concrete be used? 【答案与解析】 1.C：第一段介绍混凝土的广泛应用，后文转而说明其易开裂的缺陷，需要转折句引出问题。选项C“然而，传统混凝土有一个严重的弱点”符合转折关系。 2.A：前文介绍科学家开发了自修复混凝土，后文介绍研究团队的背景，需要承接“开发”并引出“研究过程”。选项A“这一发现促使他们开发了一种全新的建筑材料”符合语境。 3.D：第三段后文详细说明自修复混凝土的工作原理，段首需要问句引出“工作原理”。选项D“自修复混凝土是如何实际工作的？”与下文内容完全匹配。 4.B：第四段点明自修复混凝土的多重优势，后文解释延长结构寿命、减少碳排放等，需要具体说明核心优势。选项B“它有助于降低维护成本，防止结构失效”符合语境。 5.E：第五段说明未来发展目标，后文阐述应用前景，需要承接“商业化推广”并说明当前行动。选项E“他们目前正在多个国家进行大规模现场测试”符合语境。 【训练二】记叙文类——人物成长 难度：★★★★☆|建议用时：7分钟 【Passage 25】 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 A Lesson from Nature When Mia was twelve years old,her family moved from the bustling city to a small town surrounded by forests.___________1______For Mia,this move became the beginning of an unexpected journey of discovery. During her first week in the new town,Mia felt lonely and out of place.She missed her old friends and the convenience of city life.___________2______She began taking long walks in the nearby forest,where she discovered a hidden world of wonder. ___________3______She started a nature journal,sketching the birds she saw and recording the changing seasons.A local naturalist noticed her dedication and offered to teach her about the local ecosystem.Soon,Mia was leading weekend nature walks for other curious kids. ___________4______When a terrible storm damaged the forest trails,Mia organized a group of volunteers to help with the cleanup.She also started a campaign to plant native trees in areas affected by the storm.The community began to see her as a young leader. "At first,I thought I had lost everything by moving here,"Mia reflected."___________5______" Years later,Mia became an environmental scientist.Her childhood experience taught her that sometimes the greatest gifts come in unexpected packages. A． But she soon discovered something surprising. B． She never expected to find so much beauty here. C． Mia went beyond simply observing nature. D． Her interest in nature grew quickly. E． However,she found the move far more difficult than expected. F． The town was known for its peaceful environment. 【答案】1．E 2．A 3．D 4．C 5．B 1．E：第一段介绍Mia一家从繁华城市搬到小镇，后文提到这次搬家成为她意想不到的发现之旅的开端，需要描述搬家带来的困难。选项E“然而，她发现这次搬家比她预想的要困难得多”符合转折关系，为后文的成长埋下伏笔。 2．A：前文描述Mia感到孤独和不适应，后文提到她开始在附近森林散步并发现奇妙世界，需要转折引出意外发现。选项A“但她很快发现了一些令人惊讶的事情”符合转折关系，连接前文的消极情绪与后文的积极行动。 3．D：本段后文描述Mia开始记录自然日记、学习生态系统、带领自然徒步，段首需要概括她对自然兴趣的增长。选项D“她对自然的兴趣迅速增长”符合段首主旨句功能。 4．C：本段后文描述Mia组织志愿者清理风暴损坏的小径、发起植树活动，段首需要概括她超越观察的行动。选项C“Mia超越了单纯的观察自然”符合语境，引出后文她主动参与社区环保行动的内容。 5．B：前文Mia反思自己最初以为搬家失去了一切，后文总结童年经历教会她最珍贵的礼物往往以意想不到的方式到来，需要填写她的感悟。选项B“她从没想过会在这里发现如此多的美好”与前文的失落形成对比，呼应主题升华。 【训练三】议论文类——学习方法 难度：★★★☆☆|建议用时：6分钟 【Passage 26】 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 How to Give Constructive Feedback Giving feedback to others can be challenging.Whether you're evaluating a classmate's project or commenting on a colleague's work,your words can either help or hurt.___________1______Here are some tips to keep in mind. Start with something positive. Before pointing out what needs improvement,acknowledge what the person did well.___________2______This makes the person more open to hearing your suggestions. ___________3______ When describing problems,focus on specific behaviors rather than personal characteristics.Instead of saying"You're careless,"try"I noticed several typos in the report."Specific feedback is easier to understand and act upon. Use"I"statements. Frame your feedback from your own perspective.___________4______This sounds less accusatory and more like a personal observation. Offer solutions,not just criticism. Pointing out problems is only half the job.___________5______For example,instead of just saying"This section is confusing,"add"Maybe you could add an example here to make it clearer." A．This approach helps the person feel valued. B．Be specific about what needs improvement. C．However,giving feedback effectively is a skill that can be learned. D．Always end with a suggestion for improvement. E．Say"I felt confused by this part"rather than"This part is badly written." F. You should only give feedback when asked. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．E 5．D 1．C：第一段指出给予反馈具有挑战性，后文引出具体建议，需要转折说明这一技能可以学习。选项C“然而，有效给予反馈是一项可以学习的技能”符合转折关系，承上启下。 2．A：前文建议“先肯定做得好的地方”，后文解释这样做能让人更开放地接受建议，需要说明这一做法的效果。选项A“这种方法让人感到被重视”符合因果关系，解释了先肯定后建议的心理机制。 3．B：本段后文强调“关注具体行为而非个人特质”，并用例子说明如何给出具体反馈，段首需要概括本段主旨的小标题。选项B“具体说明需要改进的地方”符合小标题功能，与后文内容完全匹配。 4．E：前文建议“从自己的角度表达反馈”，后文解释这样做听起来指责性更弱，需要举例说明如何用“I”语句表达。选项E“说‘这部分让我感到困惑’而不是‘这部分写得不好’”符合例证关系，为前文的抽象建议提供具体示范。 5．D：前文指出“指出问题只是工作的一半”，后文举例说明如何在批评后提出改进建议，需要补充“另一半”是什么。选项D“总是以改进建议结尾”符合上下文逻辑，与后文的举例形成呼应。 【练测提能·自我评估】 完成三篇训练后，请填写以下自我评估表，反思薄弱环节： 评估项目 Passage 24 Passage 25 Passage 26 完成用时 ____分钟 ____分钟 ____分钟 正确题数 ____/5 ____/5 ____/5 错题类型 □段首设问□逻辑关系□代词指代□干扰项 □段首设问□逻辑关系□代词指代□干扰项 □段首设问□逻辑关系□代词指代□干扰项 【错题反思】 题号 错误原因 正确思路 同类题策略 1 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题05阅读还原 目录 目标导图 考点深解 命题突破 突破点一：说明文类——事物介绍 突破点二：记叙文类——故事叙述 突破点三：议论文类——观点论述 突破点四：说明文类——方法建议 突破点五：记叙文类——人物成长 重难攻坚 难点一：段首设问句的识别与匹配 难点二：隐含逻辑关系的识别 难点三：代词指代的精准定位 难点四：干扰项的识别与排除 练测提能 【易错提醒】——多维度对比剖析 易错点 典型错误表现 正确应对策略 1.只看关键词，忽视逻辑 看到选项中有与原文相同的词就选，未检查逻辑是否通顺。 关键词是线索，但不是答案。必须代入原文，检查前后句的逻辑关系是否成立。 2.混淆“段首主旨句”与“段中过渡句” 将本该承上启下的句子误选为段落总起句，导致上下文断裂。 段首句通常不含指代上文的内容；若选项中出现this、these、however等指代或转折词，极可能是段中过渡句。 3.因果与转折关系混淆 将因果关系的选项填入转折关系的设空处，或反之。 仔细识别信号词：because/so表因果；but/however表转折。若无线索词，需通过句意推断。 4.忽略代词指代一致性 选入的选项中的代词（it/they）在原文中找不到明确的指代对象。 代词必有其指代。先看上文是否有名词与代词单复数、逻辑上保持一致。 5.误选“以偏概全”的选项 将只描述某一细节的选项填入总结句的位置。 段尾总结句需概括全段内容，不能只针对某一句或某一细节。 【维度一·宏观结构】考点练习：语篇功能定位 考查重点：根据设空位置判断语篇功能（总起句/过渡句/总结句）。 【Passage 1】语篇来源：2026年吉林省中考预测原创卷（一） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 Maybe you want to exercise more or start going to bed earlier in the coming year.___________1_________ 1. Make a detailed(详细的)plan. If your New Year's plan is to exercise five days each week,a plan like"I'll exercise on weekdays"would not be clear.A detailed plan like"I'll exercise at school on weekdays during my lunch break"would be better.___________2_________ 1. Make it fun. If it's not fun to exercise or study,you won't keep it easily.___________3_________If you can only drink your favourite juice during study hours,you'll look forward to studying. ___________4_________ Tell a few friends about your goals so you'll feel a deep sense of shame if they check back later and find out you haven't followed through. 1. Give yourself more chances. You planned to get to bed early every night,but one Friday you stayed up late.___________5_________ But giving yourself one or two more chances can help you get better results. 根据短文内容，将下面方框内的选项还原到文中空白处，使短文内容完整、通顺，每个选项只能用一次，其中有一个选项是多余的。 A．All in all,you should give all the facts or information about something in your plan. B．Get a little help from your friends. C．Maybe you're going to take up a hobby like painting. D．Here is some advice that can help you keep your goals. E．After that you may want to give up the early-to-bed plan. F．But if you get fun from your exercise or study,you'll keep it longer. 【维度二·微观逻辑】考点练习：因果关系 考查重点：识别因果逻辑关系，选择能说明原因或结果的选项。 【Passage 2】湖南省邵阳市部分学校2025-2026学年九年级上学期联考英语模拟试卷（二） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 A Mysterious(神秘的)Night at Hangzhou Xiaoshan Airport On the evening of December 11,2025,something unexpected happened at Hangzhou Xiaoshan Airport.Several pilots who were preparing to land reported seeing a group of bright,flashing lights in the dark sky.These lights moved in a strange pattern(模式),unlike any normal airplane lights. ___________1_______The safety of passengers always comes first.Many passengers had to wait,and some flights had to land in nearby cities. People began to talk and share their ideas on the internet."Was it a UFO?"some asked excitedly.Others thought it might be a special test flight.A taxi driver at the airport said,"I've never seen anything like it.The lights were silent and moved too fast." ___________2________They explained that sometimes weather conditions or rare(罕见的)light reflections(反射)can play tricks on our eyes. ___________3_________A boy named Li Hua even wrote a story about friendly aliens visiting Hangzhou for his school homework.The story became very popular among his classmates. Now,there is still no final answer.___________4_________It reminds us that our world is full of wonders. A．To ensure safety,all flights were stopped immediately. B．However,this event sparked(激发)the imagination of many young people. C．The police arrived quickly and caught the object. D．Experts(专家)tried to find the truth. E．This event shows that not everything in the sky can be easily explained. 【维度二·微观逻辑】考点练习：转折关系 考查重点：识别转折逻辑关系，选择能形成语义对比的选项。 【Passage 3】2025年江苏省宿迁市中考英语真题 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 Cycling is popular and enjoyable.It is not only a good way to keep healthy but also an action to protect the environment.___________1_________ Here are some tips on how to keep safe while cycling. ___________2_________Before you start cycling,you need to examine the condition of your bike with care.For example,make sure that the brakes(刹车)work well and the chain(链条)can turn with no problems. Use proper equipment.Wear a helmet.___________3_________Before you start cycling,you should fasten(扣紧)your helmet.Wear bright and reflective(反光的)clothes on the road.Make sure your bike has lights.All these can greatly reduce the risk of being hurt. Follow traffic rules.You are required to follow the same traffic rules as drivers.___________4_________For example,you should ride at a safe speed on the right side of the road,wait at the traffic lights and let passers-by go first. Stay focused(专注的).___________5_________If you chat with others when you are cycling,it can distract(使分心)you and put yourself at the risk of road accidents. By following these tips,you can enjoy cycling and stay safe at the same time.Always remember that safety comes first!Happy cycling! A．You need to buy a new hat. B．It is important to stay focused. C．Examine(检查)your bike with care. D．Remember that your helmet fits you well. E．Keep the traffic rules in mind all the time. F．However,sometimes it may be dangerous. G．You can do anything you want while cycling. 【维度二·微观逻辑】考点练习：例证关系 考查重点：识别举例论证的逻辑关系，选择能支撑观点的具体例子。 【Passage 4】2025年湖南省中考英语真题 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 Make a Difference to Your School Your school offers great chances to study,make friends and try new things.Each term,you have time to use these chances.Also,there is time to think of ways to make a difference to your school.___________1_______ Learn more about your school.To learn what happens around your school,join teams to your school or clubs and take part in activities.___________2_________These people can give you a better understanding of your school.For example,if your school has a student newspaper,check it out or consider joining it.You will know more about what is happening at school through it. Find a need and take action.___________3_________Maybe you enjoy playing volleyball after class.Now think about ways to make this activity even better.You might wish your school to provide more volley balls for students to use.Once you have your idea,talk to your school to see if students could help.You could offer to hold a book sale to buy sports equipment(器材). ___________4_________It may seem simple,but being friendly to others can help create a good environment.This includes saying thank you when a student helps you,cleaning up any mess you make,and saying hello to others in the hallways.A good attitude(态度)can spread. A．Be friendly to others. B．Here's how to get started. C．They help you meet more people. D．Work hard and make yourself better. E．Think about things you enjoy at school. 【维度二·微观逻辑】考点练习：代词指代 考查重点：识别代词（it,they,this,these等）的指代对象，确保语义连贯。 【Passage 5】2025年山东省威海市中考英语真题 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 Talk to people you disagree with Everyone sometimes has disagreements with friends or family members.For example,you might not agree about what game to play,which restaurant makes the best pizza.___________1_________ Disagreements are uncomfortable.There are some steps you can take to make the conversation meaningful.Here is how. See their attitude Even if you disagree with someone,you can still listen to what they say.Let them know that you're paying attention to them by listening carefully with interest.Another way to show that you're listening is by asking questions or repeating what they said.___________2_________ Use polite language When someone has an opinion you don't agree with,don't pay too much attention to it.___________3_______ Instead,focus on speaking calmly(沉着地).For example,you may begin with"I feel"or"I see this in another way". Stick to the facts If you have a strong opinion,it's better to stick to the facts instead of feelings.___________4______Then relax your shoulders and speak in a calm voice.If you are stopped by some person,you can remind the person that it's your turn to speak.Then give him another chance to speak later. Find common ground If you find that you can't change the other person's mind,and they may not change yours._______5______You may also get a better understanding of each other's opinion.In the end,it's worth the effort because healthy communication builds strong relationships and communities. A．Still,look for the points you agree on. B．Start by asking if you can share your opinion. C．If this happens to you,you'd better say sorry to your friends. D．Avoid using impolite adjectives,like"stupid""foolish"or"silly". E．You can start by saying,"OK.I understand you.You are saying..." F．Sometimes you may disagree with your friends about more serious subjects. 【突破点一】说明文类——事物介绍 命题特点：介绍某事物（如新技术、动植物、文化现象）的特征、功能、优势等。常考查段落主旨句、因果逻辑、例证关系。 【真题示例】 【Passage 6】2026年陕西省中考适应性训练英语试卷（一） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Leaf-made Paper Paper is one of the basic products of the modern world.From books to toilet paper,everyone uses paper in daily life.___________1______More importantly,the traditional paper-making process uses lots of water and gives off harmful gases,which causes serious air pollution. What did Releaf Paper discover to replace wood? This is where Releaf Paper comes in.The company has found a green way to make environmentally friendly paper.Instead of using wood,it uses leaves to produce paper,which helps save millions of trees every year.The company was set up by Valentyn Frechka,who has always been interested in biochemistry(生物化学).__________2____He first tried making paper from grass but failed,then he turned to leaves and finally achieved great success. ___________3______ Some European cities collect fallen leaves from their streets and parks and send them to Releaf Paper.Then,using mechanical(机械的)and chemical processes,the company turns the leaves into paper.The new processes use 15 times less water and cause less air pollution than the traditional paper producing model. Why is the process of leaf-made paper greener? The leaf-made paper is eco-friendly.___________4______Frechka said they only use leaves from cities,not forests,because collecting leaves in forests is difficult and will destroy the ecosystem.They get leaves for paper and return lignin(木质素)to the cities.It's like a win-win model. How will Releaf Paper develop in the future? Releaf Paper doesn't want to stop their progress.They hope to spread their technology to more countries.___________5______In this way,more trees will be saved,less water will be wasted,and our planet will become greener and cleaner. A．It helps protect the forest ecosystem and save water. B．Releaf Paper makes more money by improving its technology. C．How does Releaf Paper produce leaf-made paper? D．They are working hard to improve their technology. E．Where do the fallen leaves come from? F．It led him to explore new paper-making methods. G．However,40%of the 15 billion trees are cut down to produce paper every year. 【改编训练】 【Passage 7】【改编】 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 Solar-Powered Roads Roads are an essential part of modern life.Every day,millions of cars travel on roads around the world.___________1______More importantly,traditional roads require constant maintenance and use materials that are harmful to the environment. What innovation is changing the way we think about roads? This is where solar-powered roads come in.Engineers have developed a new type of road surface that can generate electricity from sunlight.___________2______The company behind this innovation was founded by a team of scientists who had been researching renewable energy for years. ___________3______ These special roads are made of strong,transparent glass panels with solar cells underneath.When sunlight hits the surface,the solar cells convert it into electricity.This energy can then be used to power street lights,traffic signals,and even nearby homes.The system also includes LED lights that can display road markings and warnings directly on the road surface. Why are solar roads considered eco-friendly? Solar roads are environmentally friendly for several reasons.___________4______They also reduce the need for traditional road materials like asphalt,which produce harmful emissions during production.Additionally,the electricity generated is clean and renewable. What is the future of solar roads? The developers don't want to stop at simple road surfaces.They hope to expand this technology to parking lots,bike paths,and even airport runways.___________5______In this way,our infrastructure can serve multiple purposes while helping protect the environment. A．This discovery led them to develop a completely new type of road. B．It helps reduce dependence on fossil fuels and lowers carbon emissions. C．However,traditional roads have significant environmental drawbacks. D．How do solar-powered roads actually work? E．They are currently testing the technology in several cities around the world. F．Where does the electricity come from? 【小试牛刀】 请用上述三步法，快速分析一篇你遇到的说明文阅读还原题，并在小组内分享你的分析思路。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【突破点二】记叙文类——故事叙述 命题特点：叙述个人经历、故事发展。常考查时间顺序、因果关系、人物反应、心理变化。 【真题示例】 【Passage 8】2026年吉林省中考预测原创卷（二） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 Ben and his sister,Marie,visited their grandparents during the school holidays.On their first day,Ben decided to play with their grandfather's slingshot(弹弓)in the garden.He practiced there all morning but could never hit the target(靶子).___________1______As he was walking back,he noticed their grandmother's clay rabbit. Suddenly,he used the slingshot to hit the clay rabbit.It broke.Ben looked at the broken pieces for a while.___________2______Marie had seen all of it from the window but she decided not to say anything.After lunch,their grandmother asked Marie to wash the dishes.Marie replied,"Grandma,Ben wants to help." Marie went up to Ben and said in a low voice,"I know about the clay rabbit."Ben realized that his sister knew what he had done.He was afraid.If he did not listen to her,she would tell their grandparents about it.___________3______Later that day,their grandfather invited the children to go fishing.But their grandmother said,"I'm sorry but I need Marie to help me prepare dinner."Marie just smiled and said,"Ben told me he wanted to help you." Ben really didn't want to stay behind to help but he kept quiet and nodded.___________4______After a few days,Ben could not stand it any longer.Actually,Marie kept an eye on the changes about her brother.She came to Ben and encouraged him to have a talk with their grandmother.Ben went to their grandmother and confessed(承认)that he had broken the clay rabbit. Their grandmother said,"Sweetheart,I know.I saw the whole thing that day.___________5______So I forgive(原谅)you." Ben smiled.He was happy again that he could finally enjoy the rest of his school holidays. A．Finally,he got a lot of fish. B．I'm proud of you for telling the truth. C．In fear,he hid them. D．Marie quickly went away with their grandfather. E．Without saying a word,he washed the dishes. F．Getting a little disappointed,he headed back for lunch. 【改编训练】 【Passage 9】 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 A Lesson Learned Lily was excited about her school's art competition.She had been practicing painting for weeks,hoping to win first place.On the day of the competition,she set up her easel and began to work on her masterpiece.___1___She accidentally knocked over a bottle of blue paint,which spilled all over her nearly finished painting. Lily stared at the mess in shock.Tears welled up in her eyes.___________2______She looked around and saw that no one had noticed what happened. Just then,her best friend Mia came over.Mia saw the spilled paint and Lily's upset face.Instead of saying anything,Mia picked up a brush and dipped it into the blue paint.___________3______She began to paint around the spill,turning the accident into the background of an ocean scene. Lily watched in amazement as the ruined painting transformed into something even more beautiful than her original idea.___________4______She joined Mia,and together they added colorful fish and coral reefs. When the competition ended,their painting won second place.As they accepted their award,Lily turned to Mia and whispered,"___________5______" Mia smiled and replied,"That's what friends are for." A．She started to paint over the blue spill. B．I'm so glad you were here to help me. C．She wanted to cry,but she held back. D．A smile spread across her face. E．However,as she reached for a new color,her hand slipped. F．She quickly cleaned up the paint and started a new painting. 【角色扮演】 请两人一组，用英语复述Ben和Lily的故事，重点描述人物情感变化的关键时刻，并讨论：如果你是故事中的主人公，你会怎么做？ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【突破点三】议论文类——观点论述 命题特点：提出观点、论证理由、得出结论。常考查论点与论据的匹配、转折与因果逻辑、总结句。 【真题示例】 【Passage 10】2025年山东省威海市中考英语真题 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 Talk to people you disagree with Everyone sometimes has disagreements with friends or family members.For example,you might not agree about what game to play,which restaurant makes the best pizza.___________1______ Disagreements are uncomfortable.There are some steps you can take to make the conversation meaningful.Here is how. See their attitude Even if you disagree with someone,you can still listen to what they say.Let them know that you're paying attention to them by listening carefully with interest.Another way to show that you're listening is by asking questions or repeating what they said.___________2______ Use polite language When someone has an opinion you don't agree with,don't pay too much attention to it.___________3______ Instead,focus on speaking calmly(沉着地).For example,you may begin with"I feel"or"I see this in another way". Stick to the facts If you have a strong opinion,it's better to stick to the facts instead of feelings.___________4______Then relax your shoulders and speak in a calm voice.If you are stopped by some person,you can remind the person that it's your turn to speak.Then give him another chance to speak later. Find common ground If you find that you can't change the other person's mind,and they may not change yours.__________5______You may also get a better understanding of each other's opinion.In the end,it's worth the effort because healthy communication builds strong relationships and communities. A．Still,look for the points you agree on. B．Start by asking if you can share your opinion. C．If this happens to you,you'd better say sorry to your friends. D．Avoid using impolite adjectives,like"stupid""foolish"or"silly". E．You can start by saying,"OK.I understand you.You are saying..." F．Sometimes you may disagree with your friends about more serious subjects. 【改编训练】 【Passage 11】 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 How to Give Constructive Feedback Giving feedback to others can be challenging.Whether you're evaluating a classmate's project or commenting on a colleague's work,your words can either help or hurt.___________1______Here are some tips to keep in mind. Start with something positive. Before pointing out what needs improvement,acknowledge what the person did well.___________2______This makes the person more open to hearing your suggestions. ___________3______ When describing problems,focus on specific behaviors rather than personal characteristics.Instead of saying"You're careless,"try"I noticed several typos in the report."Specific feedback is easier to understand and act upon. Use"I"statements. Frame your feedback from your own perspective.___________4______This sounds less accusatory and more like a personal observation. Offer solutions,not just criticism. Pointing out problems is only half the job.___________5______For example,instead of just saying"This section is confusing,"add"Maybe you could add an example here to make it clearer." A．This approach helps the person feel valued. B．Be specific about what needs improvement. C．However,giving feedback effectively is a skill that can be learned. D．Always end with a suggestion for improvement. E．Say"I felt confused by this part"rather than"This part is badly written." F．You should only give feedback when asked. 【辩论小活动】 请以“给予反馈时，应该直接指出问题还是委婉表达？”为题，分成正反两方进行辩论。辩论中注意使用议论文的逻辑结构（提出观点→列举理由→举例论证→得出结论）。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【突破点四】说明文类——方法建议 命题特点：介绍做某事的方法、步骤、技巧。常考查顺序逻辑（first,next,finally）、小标题匹配、例证关系。 【真题示例】 【Passage 12】2026年吉林省中考预测原创卷（一） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 Maybe you want to exercise more or start going to bed earlier in the coming year.___________1______ 1. Make a detailed(详细的)plan. If your New Year's plan is to exercise five days each week,a plan like"I'll exercise on weekdays"would not be clear.A detailed plan like"I'll exercise at school on weekdays during my lunch break"would be better.___________2______ 1. Make it fun. If it's not fun to exercise or study,you won't keep it easily.___________3______If you can only drink your favourite juice during study hours,you'll look forward to studying. ___________4_____ Tell a few friends about your goals so you'll feel a deep sense of shame if they check back later and find out you haven't followed through. 1. Give yourself more chances. You planned to get to bed early every night,but one Friday you stayed up late.___________5_____ But giving yourself one or two more chances can help you get better results. A．All in all,you should give all the facts or information about something in your plan. B．Get a little help from your friends. C．Maybe you're going to take up a hobby like painting. D．Here is some advice that can help you keep your goals. E．After that you may want to give up the early-to-bed plan. F．But if you get fun from your exercise or study,you'll keep it longer. 【改编训练】 【Passage 13】 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 How to Build a New Habit Do you want to start exercising regularly,read more books,or learn a new skill?Building a new habit can be challenging,but with the right approach,you can succeed.___________1______ Start tiny. Don't try to change everything at once.___________2______If you want to start running,begin with just five minutes a day.Once this becomes automatic,you can gradually increase the time. ___________3______ Your environment plays a big role in habit formation.Put your running shoes by the door.Place a book on your pillow.Make the desired behavior as easy as possible to start. Track your progress. Keeping a record of your efforts can be motivating.Mark an"X"on your calendar for each day you complete your habit.___________4______This visual reminder encourages you to keep going. Be patient and kind to yourself. Building habits takes time.You will likely miss a day or two.___________5______Instead of giving up,simply get back on track the next day.Consistency over time matters more than perfection. A．Set a clear goal. B．Design your environment for success. C．Here are some effective strategies to help you. D．Don't let a small setback discourage you. E．Start with a version so easy you can't say no. F．Seeing your chain of X's grow gives you a sense of achievement. 【实践任务】 请为自己想要养成的一个习惯（如每天背20个单词）制定一份行动计划，参照本文的四个步骤（从小处开始、设计环境、记录进展、保持耐心），用英语写出你的计划，并在小组内分享。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【突破点五】记叙文类——人物成长 命题特点：叙述人物经历、心理变化、成长感悟。常考查因果关系、情感变化、主题升华。 【真题示例】 【Passage 14】2026年吉林省中考预测原创卷（三） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 Zhang Jinyuan is 94 years old.However,she has never stopped pursuing(追求)her nursing dream in Nanchang,Jiangxi Province. ___________1______,the highest international honor for nurses.The medal was set to remember Florence Nightingale(1820-1910)who did a lot of work educating people about the importance of keeping hospitals clean.___________2______. Recently Miss Zhang has been presented with the ICN(国际护士理事会)and FNIF(佛罗伦斯·南丁格尔国际基金会)International Achievement Award for 2023.The award is offered every two years to a practicing nurse with at least 10 years of nursing experience.___________3______:direct care,education,management or research. Up to now,she has worked in clinical(临床的)nursing for more than 40 years.___________4______,and she has also written more than 100 nursing papers and made 37 nursing research projects. After her retirement(退休),she is still active in volunteering.In 2000,Miss Zhang,together with other 17 retired nurses,set up a caring center in Nanchang,providing caring service at community level.______5_____.By 2023,the center had 19,251 volunteers to provide services for more than 700,000 residents(居民). A．Today in modern hospitals this work is still carried on B．She has given more than 1,000 reports C．That's why she lived in Hong Kong D．20 years ago,she won the Florence Nightingale Medal E．The experience is mainly in one of the following nursing fields F．Now,more and more volunteers are joining the volunteer nursing team 【改编训练】 【Passage 15】 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 A Lifelong Passion for Music Li Mei is 78 years old,but she still teaches piano lessons in her small studio in Shanghai._______1______,one of the most prestigious honors for music educators in China. Li Mei's love for music began when she was six years old.Her father,a violin player,recognized her talent early.___________2______.He would spend hours each evening practicing with her,instilling in her a deep appreciation for classical music. Over her 60-year teaching career,Li Mei has taught more than 3,000 students.___________3______,and many have gone on to become professional musicians themselves.Her teaching philosophy is simple:music should bring joy,not stress. Even after retirement,Li Mei continues to inspire young musicians.In 2005,she founded a community music school in her neighborhood.___________4______.By 2025,the school had over 500 students and 20 volunteer teachers. When asked about her secret to a fulfilling life,Li Mei smiles and says,"___________5______.It gives me purpose and keeps me young at heart." A．This early training laid a solid foundation for her future B．Finding something you love and sticking with it C．That's why she decided to become a professional musician D．Ten years ago,she received the Lifetime Achievement Award E．She believes in nurturing each student's unique talent F．Now,the school has grown into a beloved community institution 【采访活动】 请采访一位你身边的长辈（祖父母、邻居、社区工作者），了解他们一生中坚持最久的一件事是什么，为什么能坚持下来。用英语写一篇简短的采访报告，并在班上分享。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【难点一】段首设问句的识别与匹配 难点特征：段首以问句形式出现，需选择与下文内容匹配的问句。学生易混淆不同问句的功能（如“是什么”vs“怎么做”vs“为什么”）。 解题关键：问句的功能必须与下文回答的内容完全匹配。 【典例剖析】 【Passage 16】2026年陕西省中考适应性训练英语试卷（一） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 Leaf-made Paper Paper is one of the basic products of the modern world.From books to toilet paper,everyone uses paper in daily life.However,40%of the 15 billion trees are cut down to produce paper every year.More importantly,the traditional paper-making process uses lots of water and gives off harmful gases,which causes serious air pollution. What did Releaf Paper discover to replace wood? This is where Releaf Paper comes in.The company has found a green way to make environmentally friendly paper.Instead of using wood,it uses leaves to produce paper,which helps save millions of trees every year.The company was set up by Valentyn Frechka,who has always been interested in biochemistry.It led him to explore new paper-making methods.He first tried making paper from grass but failed,then he turned to leaves and finally achieved great success. ___________1______ Some European cities collect fallen leaves from their streets and parks and send them to Releaf Paper.Then,using mechanical and chemical processes,the company turns the leaves into paper.The new processes use 15 times less water and cause less air pollution than the traditional paper producing model. Why is the process of leaf-made paper greener? The leaf-made paper is eco-friendly.It helps protect the forest ecosystem and save water.Frechka said they only use leaves from cities,not forests,because collecting leaves in forests is difficult and will destroy the ecosystem.They get leaves for paper and return lignin to the cities.It's like a win-win model. How will Releaf Paper develop in the future? Releaf Paper doesn't want to stop their progress.They hope to spread their technology to more countries.They are working hard to improve their technology.In this way,more trees will be saved,less water will be wasted,and our planet will become greener and cleaner. 从下面选项中选择最佳选项填入第1题空白处。 A．It helps protect the forest ecosystem and save water. B．Releaf Paper makes more money by improving its technology. C．How does Releaf Paper produce leaf-made paper? D．They are working hard to improve their technology. E．Where do the fallen leaves come from? F．It led him to explore new paper-making methods. G．However,40%of the 15 billion trees are cut down to produce paper every year. 【改编训练】 【Passage 17】 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 The Secret Language of Whales Whales are known for their complex vocalizations,often called"whale songs."These sounds travel for hundreds of miles underwater and play a crucial role in whale communication.___________1______Scientists have been studying these mysterious sounds for decades. What do whale songs actually sound like? Whale songs are not random noises.They consist of structured patterns of clicks,whistles,and prolonged calls.Each song can last for hours and be repeated multiple times.Interestingly,whale populations in different oceans have distinct"dialects"—their songs vary by region. ___________2______ Researchers use underwater microphones called hydrophones to record whale vocalizations.By analyzing the frequency,duration,and patterns of these sounds,scientists can identify different species and even individual whales.Advanced computer algorithms now help process the massive amounts of data collected from ocean listening stations. Why do whales sing? Scientists believe whale songs serve multiple purposes.___________3______Male humpback whales,for example,sing complex songs during breeding season,likely to attract females.Whales also use sounds to coordinate group hunting and to navigate in dark ocean depths.Some researchers suggest that whale songs may even express emotions. ___________4______ Climate change and ocean noise pollution pose serious threats to whale communication.Increasing ship traffic,underwater construction,and military sonar create background noise that can drown out whale songs.___________5______Conservation efforts include establishing quiet ocean zones and developing quieter ship technologies. 从下面选项中选择最佳选项填入空白处。 A．How do scientists study whale songs? B．They are working to protect whale habitats. C．These sounds are among the most mysterious in the animal kingdom. D．One key function is reproduction. E．This makes it harder for whales to find mates and coordinate activities. F．What threats do whale songs face today? G．Where do whales learn their songs? 【小练习】 请判断以下问句分别属于哪一类功能，将序号填入对应括号： A.What is the main cause of this problem?（ ） B.How can we solve this issue?（ ） C.Why do whales sing?（ ） D.Where can we find these animals?（ ） E.When did this discovery take place?（ ） 【难点二】隐含逻辑关系的识别（无显性信号词） 难点特征：设空处前后没有明显的逻辑信号词（如but,so,however），需通过句意推断隐含的因果、转折或顺承关系。 解题关键：关注语义的内在联系，通过关键词复现、代词指代、情感色彩变化来推断。 【典例剖析】 【Passage 18】 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 A Volunteer Teacher's Story Wang Xueru,a 22-year-old university student from Beijing,joined the"Go West"programme to teach in Yunnan.___________1______For Wang,it was a year of warmth and growth. At first,many problems in teaching worried Wang.___________2______She learnt different teaching methods from online courses.Months later,she felt confident about her teaching work. ___________3______She organized creative activities to support the students'all-around development.One of Wang's projects was"Super Poetry",mixing local culture with short poems.Student Yi Xiangkan said,"I used to be bored with Chinese,but now I find it beautiful." ___________4______When a student called Zhou Jie was sick,Wang visited her in the hospital and gave her support.Wang even kept every student's birthday in mind and prepared a birthday cake for each of them.The whole class felt like a big family. "Volunteer teaching is not one-way,"Wang said."___________5______" For more than 20 years,the"Go West"programme has sent volunteers to connect city and countryside education.Wang's story shows that love grows when people help each other. 从下面选项中选择最佳选项填入空白处。 A．So she tried hard to solve them. B．Wang didn't just teach textbooks. C．Those children have taught me a lot. D．Wang also cared about students'daily life. E．Wang had to teach them Maths and English. F．The programme sends young volunteers to teach in western areas. 【改编训练】 【Passage 19】 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 A Journey of Discovery When 16-year-old Alex first joined the ocean conservation camp,he expected a summer of fun by the sea.___________1______For Alex,it became a life-changing experience that shaped his future career path. During the first week,Alex struggled with the scientific terminology used by the marine biologists.___________2______He spent extra hours in the camp library,reading research papers and watching educational videos.By the end of the second week,he was confidently discussing coral reef ecosystems with the experts. ___________3_____He started a beach cleanup project that combined environmental science with community outreach.Local students joined his efforts,and soon the project expanded to three neighboring beaches.One participant,a young girl named Maya,said,"I never knew a teenager could make such a big difference." ___________4______When one of the researchers fell ill,Alex volunteered to help with the daily water quality testing.He also organized a mentorship program where older campers guided newcomers through the learning process.The camp community grew closer because of his efforts. "At first,I thought I came here to learn from others,"Alex reflected."___________5______" The ocean conservation camp has inspired countless young people to protect marine ecosystems.Alex's journey shows that when young people take initiative,they can create meaningful change. 从下面选项中选择最佳选项填入空白处。 A．But he was determined not to fall behind. B．Alex went beyond his assigned responsibilities. C．I never expected to learn so much about myself. D．However,he found the experience far more challenging than expected. E．Alex also took on leadership roles beyond the camp requirements. F．The camp sends young people to explore coastal ecosystems. 【思维训练】 请阅读以下句子对，判断隐含的逻辑关系（因果/转折/顺承/例证），并说明判断依据： 1._________________ 句子A：The weather forecast predicted heavy rain. 句子B：He decided to bring an umbrella. 2._________________ 句子A：She studied for months for the exam. 句子B：She failed to get a passing score. 3._______________ 句子A：The old house needed extensive repairs. 句子B：The roof was leaking and the windows were broken. 【难点三】代词指代的精准定位 难点特征：选项中出现代词（it,they,this,these,those等），需在原文中找到明确的指代对象，确保单复数、逻辑一致性。 解题关键：代词指代的对象必须在前文出现，且单复数一致、逻辑合理。 【典例剖析】 【Passage 20】2025年黑龙江省大庆市中考英语真题 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 Why do Fish Travel in Schools(群)? Have you ever seen fish swimming together in a school?It's quite an amazing sight!They move together,turning and changing directions at the same time.It makes you wonder:___________1_____In fact,the answer is no.Each fish finds its own direction.Researchers George Lauder from Harvard University and Yangfan Zhang have studied this for a long time.Now,they have discovered that fish can save a lot of energy by schooling. In the experiment,the two researchers put giant danio,a fish that likes to swim in schools,in a tank(水箱).___________2_____Other times,they put just one fish in.As we all know,by measuring how much O₂people use when exercising,we can know how much energy people use.The method also goes for fish.___________3______ The results were interesting and clear.Schooling fish used less O₂than those swimming alone.And they took less time to become energetic again.___________4____The researchers repeated this experiment five times to make sure the results were right.By schooling,fish can save energy for other important things,says Frank Fish from West Chester University.___________5______For adults,they can use the saved energy to have babies or to stay away from animals that want to eat them. 从下面选项中选择最佳选项填入空白处。 A．Why do they swim in a school? B．Is there someone directing them how to move? C．Adult fish in a school are not afraid of anything. D．In other words,they were full of energy in a shorter time. E．Sometimes,the researchers put eight fish in a tank at a time. F．For example,young fish can put the saved energy into growth. G．So researchers used a special machine to measure how much O₂fish used when swimming. 【改编训练】 【Passage 21】 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 The Power of Play Why do young animals spend so much time playing?Scientists have long been fascinated by this question.___________1______In fact,research shows that play serves critical developmental functions. In a recent study,researchers observed a group of young wolf pups in their natural habitat.__________2______Other times,they watched pups that played less frequently.The goal was to compare their development over time. To measure the effects of play,scientists used special tracking devices to monitor the pups'movements and social interactions.___________3_____ The findings were striking.Pups that played more often developed better coordination and social skills than those that played less.___________4______The researchers conducted follow-up observations over two years to confirm their initial results. Through play,young animals develop essential life skills.___________5______For adult animals,these skills help them hunt effectively and maintain social bonds within their groups. 从下面选项中选择最佳选项填入空白处。 A．They showed faster learning and stronger social bonds. B．The answer is not simply that it's fun. C．Sometimes,they focused on pups that played frequently. D．In other words,play directly contributed to their survival abilities. E．For example,wolf pups learn hunting techniques through chasing games. F．The researchers put the pups in a controlled environment. G．This technology allowed them to collect detailed data on play behavior. 【代词指代专项训练】 请指出下列句子中代词的指代对象： 1.The team presented their findings at the conference.They received positive feedback. 指代对象：______（the team） 2.This discovery led to further research in the field. 指代对象：______（前文提到的某个发现） 3.Young whales learn songs from their mothers.These songs vary by region. 指代对象：______（songs） 4.The experiment required careful setup.It took three hours to complete. 指代对象：______（the experiment） 【难点四】干扰项的识别与排除 难点特征：干扰项在内容和语言上与原文高度相关，但存在“以偏概全”“逻辑断裂”“指代不明”等问题。 解题关键：学会识别干扰项的“陷阱”，通过对比分析排除错误选项。 【典例剖析】 【Passage 22】2025年四川省南充市中考英语真题 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 The Wooden Drum Festival The Wooden Drum Festival is an important event for the Wa people in Yunnan.It is named after the wooden drum,a special musical instrument.___________1______ The wooden drums are the most important part of the festival.They are not just musical instruments but also carry deep cultural meanings.The Wa people believe the drums connect them with their ancestors and nature.___________2______They are about 0.8 meters wide and 2 meters long. ___________3______They dance in a circle,moving to the strong beat of the drums to express their wishes for a happy life and good luck.When dancing,they sing songs which are about the Wa people's history and daily life.___________4______It also helps keep their culture alive.Besides dancing,there are also sports games and traditional opera shows. The Wa people mainly live in two areas in Yunnan:Ximeng Wa Autonomous County and Cangyuan Wa Autonomous County.The festival usually lasts three days.In the past,the Wa people celebrated the festival in the"Grey Month"of the Wa calendar.___________5______This change allows more people to learn about the Wa culture. 从下面选项中选择最佳选项填入空白处。 A．So,the dance is not just for fun. B．The drums are usually made of red wood. C．The festival shows their history,traditions,and rich culture. D．It is a good opportunity for young people to make new friends. E．People come together around the drum house during the festival. F．But since 2002,they have changed the date to April 10th to 12th. 【改编训练】 【Passage 23】 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 The Ice Festival of Harbin Harbin‘s Ice Festival is one of the world’s most spectacular winter events.Every year,millions of visitors flock to this northeastern Chinese city to witness the breathtaking ice sculptures.___________1_____ The ice used for the festival comes from the Songhua River.Workers carefully select and cut massive blocks of ice,which are then transported to the exhibition site.___________2_____Each block can weigh up to several hundred kilograms. ___________3_____ Teams of skilled artisans work day and night,using chisels,saws,and even chainsaws to shape the ice.Some sculptures reach heights of over 40 meters and are illuminated with colorful LED lights,creating a magical winter wonderland. The festival is not only about viewing sculptures.___________4_____Visitors can try ice skating,ice sledding,and even ice swimming for the adventurous.__________5_____Many families make it an annual tradition to experience the frozen magic together. 根据短文内容，将下面方框内的选项还原到文中空白处，使短文内容完整、通顺，每个选项只能用一次，其中有一个选项是多余的。 A．The ice blocks are known for their exceptional clarity and strength. B．The festival showcases the incredible skill of ice artists. C．It also offers a variety of winter activities for all ages. D．These activities make the festival enjoyable for the whole family. E．The festival brings economic benefits to the local community. F．Creating these masterpieces requires remarkable talent and dedication. 【训练一】说明文类——科技与环保 难度：★★★☆☆|建议用时：6分钟 【Passage 24】 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 Self-Healing Concrete Concrete is the most widely used building material in the world.From bridges to skyscrapers,it forms the backbone of modern infrastructure.___________1_____More importantly,concrete develops cracks over time,which can lead to costly repairs and even structural failure. What innovation is solving this problem? This is where self-healing concrete comes in.Scientists have developed a new type of concrete that can repair its own cracks without human intervention.__________2____The research team behind this breakthrough spent over a decade studying bacteria that naturally produce limestone. _________3_____ The technology works by embedding dormant bacteria and a special food source into the concrete mixture.When cracks form and water seeps in,the bacteria become active and begin producing limestone crystals.These crystals fill the cracks within weeks,restoring the concrete‘s strength.The healing process requires no human effort and works in temperatures ranging from freezing to over 40°C. Why is self-healing concrete considered a game-changer? This innovative material offers multiple benefits for the construction industry.___________4____It also extends the lifespan of structures by decades,reducing the need for demolition and rebuilding.Additionally,fewer repairs mean less construction waste and lower carbon emissions from transportation and manufacturing. What is the future of self-healing concrete? The developers are working to make this technology commercially available.They hope to incorporate it into major infrastructure projects worldwide.___________5_____In this way,buildings and bridges could become safer,more durable,and far less costly to maintain over time. 根据短文内容，将下面方框内的选项还原到文中空白处，使短文内容完整、通顺，每个选项只能用一次，其中有一个选项是多余的。 A．This discovery led them to develop a completely new construction material. B．It helps reduce maintenance costs and prevents structural failures. C．However,traditional concrete has a serious weakness. D．How does self-healing concrete actually work? E．They are currently conducting large-scale field tests in several countries. F．Where can self-healing concrete be used? 【训练二】记叙文类——人物成长 难度：★★★★☆|建议用时：7分钟 【Passage 25】 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 A Lesson from Nature When Mia was twelve years old,her family moved from the bustling city to a small town surrounded by forests.___________1______For Mia,this move became the beginning of an unexpected journey of discovery. During her first week in the new town,Mia felt lonely and out of place.She missed her old friends and the convenience of city life.___________2______She began taking long walks in the nearby forest,where she discovered a hidden world of wonder. ___________3______She started a nature journal,sketching the birds she saw and recording the changing seasons.A local naturalist noticed her dedication and offered to teach her about the local ecosystem.Soon,Mia was leading weekend nature walks for other curious kids. ___________4______When a terrible storm damaged the forest trails,Mia organized a group of volunteers to help with the cleanup.She also started a campaign to plant native trees in areas affected by the storm.The community began to see her as a young leader. "At first,I thought I had lost everything by moving here,"Mia reflected."___________5______" Years later,Mia became an environmental scientist.Her childhood experience taught her that sometimes the greatest gifts come in unexpected packages. A． But she soon discovered something surprising. B． She never expected to find so much beauty here. C． Mia went beyond simply observing nature. D． Her interest in nature grew quickly. E． However,she found the move far more difficult than expected. F． The town was known for its peaceful environment. 【训练三】议论文类——学习方法 难度：★★★☆☆|建议用时：6分钟 【Passage 26】 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 How to Give Constructive Feedback Giving feedback to others can be challenging.Whether you're evaluating a classmate's project or commenting on a colleague's work,your words can either help or hurt.___________1______Here are some tips to keep in mind. Start with something positive. Before pointing out what needs improvement,acknowledge what the person did well.___________2______This makes the person more open to hearing your suggestions. ___________3______ When describing problems,focus on specific behaviors rather than personal characteristics.Instead of saying"You're careless,"try"I noticed several typos in the report."Specific feedback is easier to understand and act upon. Use"I"statements. Frame your feedback from your own perspective.___________4______This sounds less accusatory and more like a personal observation. Offer solutions,not just criticism. Pointing out problems is only half the job.___________5______For example,instead of just saying"This section is confusing,"add"Maybe you could add an example here to make it clearer." A．This approach helps the person feel valued. B．Be specific about what needs improvement. C．However,giving feedback effectively is a skill that can be learned. D．Always end with a suggestion for improvement. E．Say"I felt confused by this part"rather than"This part is badly written." F. You should only give feedback when asked. 【练测提能·自我评估】 完成三篇训练后，请填写以下自我评估表，反思薄弱环节： 评估项目 Passage 24 Passage 25 Passage 26 完成用时 ____分钟 ____分钟 ____分钟 正确题数 ____/5 ____/5 ____/5 错题类型 □段首设问□逻辑关系□代词指代□干扰项 □段首设问□逻辑关系□代词指代□干扰项 □段首设问□逻辑关系□代词指代□干扰项 【错题反思】 题号 错误原因 正确思路 同类题策略 1 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $