Unit 3 Diverse Cultures Words and expressions 词汇课件-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版（2019）必修第三册

Words and Expressions Unit 3 Diverse Cultures 新人教版必修第三册 diverse [da 'v s] adj. 不同的,多种多样的,变化多的 diverse views 不同的观点 diverse cultures 多元文化 diverse backgrounds 不同背景 be diverse/different/ various from 和...不同 Diverse in 在…方面多样 a diverse range of...=diversity of =a variety of 多种多样 diversity n.差异(性);不同(点);多祥性 diverse [da 'v s] adj. 不同的,多种多样的,变化多的 diverse / various / varied 超清晰对比(高考必考点) diverse:强调种类差异大、多元、不同类(侧重“不一样”),语气较正式,常和文化、人群、观点搭配 various:强调数量多、好几种(侧重“多”),(只说数量多,不一定差很大), 最口语、最常用 varied:强调有变化、不单调、丰富多样(侧重“变化/不单一”), 常形容菜单、节目、生活、经历等 fortune ['f t u n] n.机会;运气; 财富 1. 财富篇 (Money & Wealth) make/earn a fortune 发财;赚大钱 He made a fortune in real estate. (他靠房地产发了财) cost a fortune 花一大笔钱,价格昂贵,形容东西贵。 That dress cost a fortune. (那条裙子花了我一大笔钱) misfortune n.不幸 fortunate adj.幸运的 unfortunate adj. 不幸的的 fortunately adv. 幸运地 unfortunately adv. 不幸地 fortune ['f t u n] n.机会;运气; 财富 1. 财富篇 (Money & Wealth) a small fortune 一笔巨款(口语反语) 虽然用了 small,但实际指很多钱。 It cost a small fortune to fix the car. (修车花了一大笔钱) amass a fortune 积聚财富 强调积累的过程。 inherit a fortune 继承一笔财产 fame and fortune 名利(名声与财富) fortune ['f t u n] n.机会;运气; 财富 2. 命运与运气篇 (Luck & Destiny) good / bad fortune 好运 / 厄运 I had the good fortune to meet him. (我很幸运见到了他) try one‘s fortune 碰运气(指去新地方或尝试新事物) They went to the city to try their fortune. (他们去城里碰运气) seek one's fortune 寻找成功致富之路 He left home to seek his fortune. (他离家去闯荡) fortune ['f t u n] n.机会;运气; 财富 2. 命运与运气篇 (Luck & Destiny) reversal of fortune 命运的逆转。指境遇发生巨大变化 fortune smiles on sb好运眷顾某人。拟人化表达,比较文学。 Fortune smiles on the brave. (运气眷顾勇者) by good fortune 幸而,幸好 By good fortune, I arrived on time. (幸好我按时到了) fortune ['f t u n] n.机会;运气; 财富 3. 特殊职业与物品 (Specific Items & Jobs) Fortune cookie:幸运饼干/签语饼 Fortune teller:算命先生,占卜师 Wheel of Fortune:命运之轮 Fortune 500:财富500强 tell one's fortune 给某人算命 admit [ d'm t] v. 承认; 准许进入/加入 ① 表示“承认” (最常用) admit doing sth. 承认(做)某事 admit having done sth. 承认做过某事 He admitted stealing the money. (他承认偷了那笔钱。) She admitted having seen him before. (她承认以前见过他。) admit to (doing) sth 供认,承认(罪行、过错等) He admitted to the murder. (他供认了谋杀罪。) She admitted to feeling tired. (她承认感到累了。) admission n. 准许进入;入场费;承认 admit [ d'm t] v. 承认; 准许进入/加入 admit (to sb.) that... (向某人)承认…… I admit that I was wrong. (我承认我错了。) admit sb/sth to be ... 承认某人/某事是……。 They admitted the plan to be a failure. (他们承认这个计划是失败的。) admission n. 准许进入;入场费;承认 admit [ d'm t] v. 承认; 准许进入/加入 admit sb. to/into... 准许某人进入(或加入)…… be admitted to/into... 被某校录取,允许进入...... He was admitted to a famous university. (他被一所名牌大学录取了。) She was admitted to the hospital. (她被收治入院了。) This ticket admits one person only. (这张票只准一人入场。) admission n. 准许进入;入场费;承认 admit [ d'm t] v. 承认; 准许进入/加入 ③ 表示“容许/有……余地” (较正式) admit of sth 有……的可能;容许有……的余地。(主语通常是事物) 例句:The matter admits of no delay. (此事刻不容缓/此事不容拖延。) 例句:The rule admits of no exception. (这条规则没有例外。) admission n. 准许进入;入场费;承认 definitely ['def n tli] adv.肯定;确实 Definitely not 决不;当然不 Will you go? Definitely not. (你去吗?绝对不去。) Definitely yes 绝对是的;非常肯定 Are you happy? Definitely yes. (你开心吗?绝对是。) 同近义词:certainly/surely/particularly definite adj. 肯定的,确定的 indefinite adj. 不明确的 definitely ['def n tli] adv.肯定;确实 say definitely 明确地说 be definate about... 对...有把握 He was very definite about his requirements. (他对他的要求非常明确。) definite in ... 在……方面很明确。 He was definite in his refusal. (他在拒绝的态度上很坚决。) It is definite that... ...是肯定的 occur [ 'k (r)] v. 发生;出现 sth occur(s) to/strike/hit sb 某人想起某事 A good idea occurred to me. (我想到了一个好主意。) It occurs/ occurred to sb to do...某人突然想到要做某事 It occurred to him to call the police. (他想到要报警。) occurrence n. 发生,出现,事件 pt+pp occurred occurring occur [ 'k (r)] v. 发生;出现 It occurs/occurred to sb that ...某人突然意识到/想起…… =It hits/strikes sb that... It never occurred to me that he was lying. (我从未想过他在撒谎。) occur in 发生在……;存在于…… Earthquakes occur frequently in this area. (这个地区经常发生地震。) there occurred 发生了…… There occurred a sudden change. (发生了一个突然的变化。) 辨析occur, happen, take place 相同点:① 三者都可指“发生”。 ② 三者都是不及物动词,都无被动。 不同点: Occur 较正式,强调客观发生或意外出现;也可指“被想到”。 The error occurred in the code. happen 主要用于偶然或突发性事件,多指意外事故、不幸的事。最口语化,强调偶然性或碰巧。 Maybe something unexpected happened. take place强调按计划、有安排地举行。 。 The meeting will take place tomorrow. 用 occur, happen, take place 的适当形式填空 The wedding _ _ in a small church last Sunday. What _ _ to your computer? It looks broken.It never _ _ to him that she might be feeling sad. The earthquake _ _ at 3:28 a.m., waking up everyone in the city. The next meeting will _ _ in the conference room at 2 p.m. took place happened occurred occurred/happened take place head to... (朝…)前进; (向…)去 head for/to/towards…: 向…前进 Let's head for the exit. (咱们往出口走吧。) head home 回家 I'm tired, I'm going to head home. (我累了,我要回家。) head off 出发;阻止 We need to head off early. (我们需要早点出发。) head sb off 表示拦截或劝阻。 head to... (朝…)前进; (向…)去 head up 率领;主管 She heads up the marketing department. (她主管市场部。) head back 折返;往回走 It's getting late, let's head back. (天晚了,咱们回去吧。) head north/south 朝北/朝南走 keep one‘s head 保持冷静 Keep your head and think clearly. (保持冷静,想清楚点。) head to... (朝…)前进; (向…)去 hold one’s head high 昂首挺胸 use your head 动动脑子,让人思考。 Use your head! It's an obvious answer. (动动脑子!这答案很明显。) lose one’s head 惊慌失措 Don't lose your head over a small mistake. (别因为小错就乱了阵脚。) head to... (朝…)前进; (向…)去 bury one's head in the sand 鸵鸟政策;逃避现实 You can't just bury your head in the sand. (你不能就这样逃避现实。) bite someone's head off 厉声呵斥;发火 No need to bite my head off! (没必要对我大吼大叫!) get your head around sth 理解;弄懂 I can't get my head around this math problem. (我搞不懂这道数学题。) head to... (朝…)前进; (向…)去 go over someone's head 越级汇报;超出理解 He went over my head to the CEO. (他越过我向CEO汇报。) two heads are better than one 三个臭皮匠,顶个诸葛亮 seek [si:k] v.寻找;寻求;争取; (向人)请求 seek for sth 追求,寻找 They are seeking for the truth. (他们在探寻真理。) seek out 挑选出;物色 He sought out his friend in the crowd. (他在人群中找出了他的朋友。) seek to do sth. 设法/试图做某事 We seek to improve relations. (我们寻求改善关系。) seeker n. 寻找者;追求者 seek [si:k] v.寻找;寻求;争取; (向人)请求 seek after 追求,寻求 seek one's fortune 寻找成功致富之路;闯世界 seek help / assistance:寻求帮助 seek advice / counsel:征求意见/请教 seek employment / a job:求职 seek opportunities:寻找机会 seeker n. 寻找者;追求者 seek [si:k] v.寻找;寻求;争取; (向人)请求 seek a solution:寻找解决方案 seek redress:要求赔偿;寻求解决办法 seek shelter / refuge:寻求庇护/避难 Hide and seek:捉迷藏(这是最常用的生活短语) seeker n. 寻找者;追求者 earn [ n] v. 挣得; 赚得; 赢得; 博得 earn a living 谋生,维持生计 He earns a living as a freelance writer. (他靠做自由撰稿人谋生。) earn money / cash 赚钱 She wants to earn some extra cash. (她想赚点外快。) earn a fortune 赚大钱 He earned a fortune in the stock market. (他在股市赚了一大笔钱。) earnings 利润,收入 earn [ n] v. 挣得; 赚得; 赢得; 博得 earn one's keep 挣钱维持生活;证明值得 He earned his keep by working on the farm. (他在农场干活来挣生活费。) earn respect 赢得尊重 earn a reputation 博得名声 earn recognition 获得认可 earn praise / credit 赢得赞扬/赞誉 earn a place / spot 赢得一席之地 earnings 利润,收入 earn [ n] v. 挣得; 赚得; 赢得; 博得 earn interest:赚取利息 This savings account earns 5% interest. (这个储蓄账户有5%的利息收益。) earn a profit:获得利润 The company earned a huge profit last year. (公司去年获得了巨额利润。) earn dividends:获得股息/红利 Shareholders will earn dividends. (股东将获得分红。) earn [ n] v. 挣得; 赚得; 赢得; 博得 易混淆点辨析 (Nuance) Earn vs. Win: Earn 强调过程和努力(如:工作赚钱、积德行善赢尊重)。 Win 强调结果和运气(如:中彩票、比赛获胜)。 Earn vs. Gain: Earn 通常指应得的报酬(金钱或精神)。 Gain 更多指逐渐获得有用的东西(如:gain experience 积累经验、gain weight 增加体重)。 select [s 'lekt] v. 选择;挑选;选拔(精选) select...from / out of...从……中选择…… You can select from a wide range of options. (你可以从广泛的选项中进行选择。) select sb to do sth 选拔某人去做某事 select sb/sth for... 为……而挑选 We selected some players for the school team. (我们为校队挑选了一些队员。) selective adj 慎重选择的;精挑细选的 selection n [U] & [C] 可选之人或物;选集 select [s 'lekt] v. 选择;挑选;选拔(精选) select sb as/to be...选拔某人作为…… Sb be selected as/to be... He was selected as the team leader. (他被选为队长。) be selected to do sth 被选中做某事 例:She was selected to represent the company. (她被选中代表公司。) make a selection 做一个选择 selective adj 慎重选择的;精挑细选的 selection n [U] & [C] 可选之人或物;选集 select [s 'lekt] v. 选择;挑选;选拔(精选) (Select vs. Choose vs. Pick) Select 强调客观标准和仔细比较,从同类中“精选”出最好的。 正式、书面 Choose 强调个人意愿和主观判断,是最通用的词。 普通、通用 Pick 强调随意性或具体动作(如采摘),有时含“挑剔”之意。 口语、非正式 selective adj 慎重选择的;精挑细选的 selection n [U] & [C] 可选之人或物;选集 选词填空(用 select/choose/pick 的适当形式) He _ to study abroad after graduation. The teacher _ five students to participate in the competition. Can you help me _ some strawberries from the basket? She _ a career in medicine instead of law. The company will _ the most suitable candidate for the job. chose selected pick chose select claim [kle m] v./n.夺取(生命);宣称;断言 claim to do 声称做某事 claim to have done sth 声称已做某事 He claims to have met the president. (他声称见过总统。) claim that ... 声称/断言…… 例:The company claims that it is not responsible. (公司声称它概不负责。) It is claimed that... 据宣称/据说 claim [kle m] v./n.夺取(生命);宣称;断言 claim for sth =make a claim for sth提出索赔/要求 例:You can claim for your travel expenses. (你可以报销差旅费。) He made a claim for compensation. (他提出了赔偿要求。) claim sth. back 索要回某物 I want to claim my money back. (我想把钱退回来。) claim one's life 夺去某人的生命 The earthquake claimed thousands of lives. (地震夺去了数千人的生命。) minority [ma 'n r ti] n. 少数民族;少数派;少数人 a minority of 少量的,少数的 A minority of students like/likes this book. (少数学生喜欢这本书。) the minority of ……中的少数 in the/a minority 占少数;成为少数派 例:Women are in the minority in the engineering field. (在工程领域女性占少数。) minor adj. 少数的,微小的 major adj.主要的; 大的; 重要的 majority n.大部分;大多数 minority [ma 'n r ti] n. 少数民族;少数派;少数人 in a minority of one 唯一的反对者;孤家寡人 。 例:I found myself in a minority of one during the vote. (投票时我发现自己成了唯一的反对者。) ethnic/ national minority 少数民族 minority rights:少数派权利 / 少数民族权利 minority language 少数民族语言;小语种 minority leader:少数党领袖 minority shareholder / interest:小股东 / 少数股权 escape [ 'ske p] v. 逃走;逃脱;避开 n. 逃跑;逃脱;解脱 1. 核心动词句型 (Verbal Patterns) escape from+地点/人: 从...逃跑 He escaped from the prison. (他越狱了。) escape sth 逃避;避免;被遗忘 He tried to escape punishment. (他试图逃避惩罚。) His name escaped me. (我一时想不起他的名字了。) escape [ 'ske p] v. 逃走;逃脱;避开 n. 逃跑;逃脱;解脱 1. 核心动词句型 (Verbal Patterns) escape doing sth 逃脱做某事 She escaped being punished. (她逃脱了被惩罚。) escape one‘s attention/notice 逃过某人的注意,未被某人注意 The error escaped my notice. (我没注意到这个错误。) escape [ 'ske p] v. 逃走;逃脱;避开 n. 逃跑;逃脱;解脱 2. 常用名词短语 (Noun Phrases) a narrow escape: 九死一生 It was a narrow escape. (真是死里逃生。) fire escape 太平梯;安全出口 Don't use the elevator, use the fire escape. (别坐电梯,走安全通道。) escape to... 逃到...... escape [ 'ske p] v. 逃走;逃脱;避开 n. 逃跑;逃脱;解脱 2. 常用名词短语 (Noun Phrases) escape route 逃生路线;退路 We need to plan an escape route. (我们需要规划一条逃生路线。) means of escape 逃生手段/设施 The building lacks proper means of escape. (这栋楼缺乏适当的逃生设施。) escape to... 逃到...... escape [ 'ske p] v. 逃走;逃脱;避开 n. 逃跑;逃脱;解脱 词义辨析:Escape vs. Flee Escape:强调结果,指成功逃脱了束缚或危险。 Flee:强调动作,指仓皇逃跑,但不一定跑掉了。 例:The thief fled the scene but was caught later. (小偷逃离了现场,但后来被抓了。) -> 这里不能用 escaped。 escape [ 'ske p] v. 逃走;逃脱;避开 n. 逃跑;逃脱;解脱 词义辨析:Escape from vs. Escape (直接接宾语) Escape from:通常用于具体的物理空间或控制者(如 escape from jail, escape from the police)。 Escape (直接接宾语):通常用于抽象概念(如 escape reality, escape punishment)或者指“被遗忘”(escape my memory)。 bring about 导致;引起 1. 核心短语动词 (Phrasal Verbs) bring up 养育,抚养;提出;呕吐 例:He was brought up by his grandmother. (他是由祖母抚养长大的。) 例:Don't bring up that subject again. (别再提那个话题了。) bring about 引起;导致; 带来 例:The new policy brought about great changes. (新政策带来了巨大的变化。) 记住 bring up(抚养/提出)、bring about(导致)和 bring forward(提前)这三个最高频的短语 bring about 导致;引起 bring forward 将......提前;提议 The meeting has been brought forward to Monday. (会议已提前到周一举行。) bring back 使回想起;使...恢复 This song brings back happy memories. (这首歌勾起了快乐的回忆。) bring in 引进,生产 The company needs to bring in new technology. (公司需要引进新技术。) bring about 导致;引起 bring out 出版,生产;使显示 The crisis brought out the best in him. (危机激发了他最好的一面。) bring off 成功完成 指艰难地做成了某事。 It was a difficult task, but he brought it off. (任务很难,但他成功完成了。) bring down 降低;减少 We need to bring down the cost of production. (我们需要降低生产成本。) bring about 导致;引起 2. 常用句型与固定搭配 (Common Patterns) bring sth to an end:使……结束 The chairman brought the meeting to an end. (主席结束了会议。) bring charges against sb:起诉某人 The police decided to bring charges against him. (警方决定起诉他。) bring sth to light:揭露;披露 The investigation brought new facts to light. (调查揭露了新的事实。) bring about 导致;引起 bring sb to book:惩罚某人;追究责任 例句:The corrupt officials were finally brought to book. (腐败官员终于被追究了责任。) bring oneself to do sth:强使自己做某事 注意:常用于否定句,表示“不忍心”或“无法强迫自己”。 例句:I couldn't bring myself to tell him the bad news. (我不忍心告诉他这个坏消息。) bring about 导致;引起 3. 易混淆辨析 (Nuance) ① 方向性辨析:Bring vs. Take Bring:拿来(朝向说话人)。 例:Please bring the book to me. (请把书拿给我。) Take:带走(远离说话人)。 例:Please take the book to the library. (请把书带到图书馆去。) Fetch:去取(去别处拿来,再回来)。 例:Go and fetch the doctor. (去把医生请来。) bring about 导致;引起 3. 易混淆辨析 (Nuance) ② 词义辨析:Bring about vs. Cause Cause:最通用的“导致”,常用于负面结果(如事故、疾病)。 Bring about:更正式,常指通过努力“促成”某种变革或局面。 fold [f ld] v.包;裹;折叠;(可)折小; (可)叠平 1. 核心短语动词 (Phrasal Verbs) fold (up)折叠;对折; 倒闭 He folded up the map and put it in his pocket. (他把地图折起来放进口袋。) Many small shops fold up during the crisis. (危机期间许多小店倒闭了。) unfold v.打开; (使)展开 folding adj 可折叠的 fold [f ld] v.包;裹;折叠;(可)折小; (可)叠平 fold in 拌入;调入 Gently fold in the egg whites. (轻轻拌入蛋清。) fold down 放倒;折下 指将直立的部分放平。 The car has rear seats that fold down. (这辆车的后座可以放倒。) fold [f ld] v.包;裹;折叠;(可)折小; (可)叠平 fold back 折回;翻开 指将某物的一角或一部分折回去。 He folded back the blanket. (他把毯子掀开/折回。) fold away 折叠收起 The bed folds away into the wall. (这张床可以折叠收进墙里。) fold [f ld] v.包;裹;折叠;(可)折小; (可)叠平 2. 常用固定搭配 (Common Collocations) ① 身体与动作类 fold one’s arm 双臂交叉在胸前(常表示防御、不耐烦或自信的姿态。) He sat there with his arms folded. (他坐在那里,双臂交叉在胸前。) fold one‘s hands:双手交叠(通常指放在腿上或桌上,表示安静或等待) She folded her hands in her lap. (她双手交叠放在腿上。) fold [f ld] v.包;裹;折叠;(可)折小; (可)叠平 2. 常用固定搭配 (Common Collocations) ② 商业与抽象类 go out of business / fold:倒闭;停业 The local bookstore folded after 20 years. (这家书店经营20年后倒闭了。) return to the fold:浪子回头;重归阵营(指离开某个团体(如家庭、党派、教会)后又重新回归。) The party hopes to encourage voters to return to the fold. (该党希望鼓励选民重归阵营。) fold [f ld] v.包;裹;折叠;(可)折小; (可)叠平 3. 易错点与辨析 (Common Mistakes & Nuances) ① 词义辨析:Fold vs. Wrinkle Fold:指有意识地、整齐地折叠(如折纸、叠衣服)。 Wrinkle:指弄皱、起皱褶(如衣服没熨平、皮肤皱纹),通常是无意识或负面的。 ② 语法注意:倍数表达 当 -fold 作为后缀时(如 twofold, fourfold),它既可以作形容词也可以作副词。 例:The output increased tenfold. (产量增加了十倍。) collection [k 'lek n] n.作品集;收集物;收藏品 1. 核心量词短语 (Quantifier Phrases) a collection of 一批;一组;一堆 例:She has a collection of vintage watches. (她收藏了一批老式手表。) 例:There was a collection of empty bottles in the corner. (角落里有一堆空瓶子。) collect v. 收集; 采集; 收藏;募集 collection [k 'lek n] n.作品集;收集物;收藏品 1. 核心量词短语 (Quantifier Phrases) make a collection of 收集…… (强调“收集”这个动作或过程。) 例:He decided to make a collection of rare coins. (他决定收集稀有硬币。) collect v. 收集; 采集; 收藏;募集 collection [k 'lek n] n.作品集;收集物;收藏品 2. 场景分类搭配 (Contextual Collocations) ① 爱好与艺术 (Hobbies & Arts),指经过挑选、整理的“藏品”或“系列”: private collection:私人收藏 art / stamp / coin collection:艺术品/邮票/钱币收藏 spring / summer collection:春夏系列(时装) short story / poetry collection:短篇小说集/诗集 collection [k 'lek n] n.作品集;收集物;收藏品 2. 场景分类搭配 (Contextual Collocations) ② 商业与金融 (Business & Finance) 指“收款”、“征收”或“托收”: debt collection:债务催收 tax collection:征税 documentary collection:跟单托收(国际贸易术语) Electronic Toll Collection (ETC):电子不停车收费系统 collection [k 'lek n] n.作品集;收集物;收藏品 2. 场景分类搭配 (Contextual Collocations) ③ 数据与科学 (Data & Science),指信息的“采集”或“收集”: data collection:数据收集/采集 garbage / refuse collection:垃圾收集/清运 sample collection:样本采集 collection [k 'lek n] n.作品集;收集物;收藏品 3. 易错点与辨析 (Common Mistakes & Nuances) ① 词义辨析:Collection vs. Set Collection:侧重于搜集的过程,或者指多样性的集合(不一定成套)。 例:a collection of stamps (一批邮票,可能来自不同国家,不成套)。 Set:侧重于成套、配套,通常指完整的一组。 例:a set of tools (一套工具,配有盒子,功能互补)。 collection [k 'lek n] n.作品集;收集物;收藏品 3. 易错点与辨析 (Common Mistakes & Nuances) ② 词义辨析:Collection vs. Gathering Collection:通常指物品的集合。 Gathering:通常指人的聚会或聚集。 ③ 语法注意 Collection 作主语时,如果强调的是整体,谓语动词用单数;如果强调的是其中的成员,谓语动词可用复数。 例:The collection is valuable. (这批藏品很值钱。) 例:A collection of students are waiting outside. (一群学生正在外面等候。) settle ['setl] v. 定居;结束(争论);解决(纠纷) 1. 核心短语动词 (Phrasal Verbs) settle down: 定居;安顿下来; 坐下; 躺下 例:It's time to settle down and get married. (是时候安定下来结婚了。) 例:The teacher asked the class to settle down. (老师要求全班安静下来。) settlement n.定居点;协议;解决 settler n. 移居者 settle ['setl] v. 定居;结束(争论);解决(纠纷) 1. 核心短语动词 (Phrasal Verbs) settle for 勉强接受;将就 He wanted a million dollars, but he had to settle for half that amount. (他想要一百万,但不得不勉强接受一半。) settle in/into 安顿下来;适应;迁入 It took her a while to settle in at the new job. (她花了一段时间才适应新工作。) settle ['setl] v. 定居;结束(争论);解决(纠纷) 1. 核心短语动词 (Phrasal Verbs) settle up 结账;付清 Let's settle up the bill before we leave. (咱们走之前把账结了吧。) settle on / upon 决定;选定 They finally settled on a date for the wedding. (他们终于定下了婚礼日期。) settle with 与……和解;清算 I need to settle with my brother about the money. (我得跟我哥把这笔钱算清楚。) settle ['setl] v. 定居;结束(争论);解决(纠纷) 2. 常用固定搭配 (Common Collocations) ① 解决与处理 (Resolution) settle a dispute / argument:解决争端/争论 注意:Settle 常用于解决人与人之间的纠纷(如争吵、官司),而 solve 常用于解决具体的问题(如数学题、谜题)。 例句:They managed to settle the dispute amicably. (他们设法友好地解决了争端。) settle a problem / matter:解决问题/事情 例句:Let's settle this matter once and for all. (咱们一劳永逸地解决这件事吧。) settle ['setl] v. 定居;结束(争论);解决(纠纷) 2. 常用固定搭配 (Common Collocations) ② 支付与财务 (Finance) settle a bill / account:结账;付账 例句:Please settle your account within 30 days. (请在30天内结清您的账户。) settle an estate:处理遗产 例句:The lawyer helped settle the estate. (律师协助处理了遗产。) settle ['setl] v. 定居;结束(争论);解决(纠纷) 2. 常用固定搭配 (Common Collocations) ③ 生活与状态 (Life & State) settle a score:算账;报复 含义:指报复曾经伤害过自己的人。 例句:He returned to settle a score. (他回来是为了算旧账。) settled life:安稳的生活 例句:After years of travel, he craved a settled life. (漂泊多年后,他渴望安稳的生活。) settle ['setl] v. 定居;结束(争论);解决(纠纷) 3. 易错点与辨析 (Common Mistakes & Nuances) ① 词义辨析:Settle vs. Solve Settle:侧重于结束某种不确定、争吵或混乱的状态。 搭配:settle a quarrel (结束争吵), settle a lawsuit (结束诉讼). Solve:侧重于找到答案或解决方法。 搭配:solve a puzzle (解谜), solve a math problem (解数学题). settle ['setl] v. 定居;结束(争论);解决(纠纷) 3. 易错点与辨析 (Common Mistakes & Nuances) ② 词义辨析:Settle vs. Live Live:最普通的“居住”,可以是临时的,也可以是长期的。 Settle:强调永久性和稳定性,暗示不再搬家或漂泊。 ③ 物理含义:沉淀 Settle 还可以指液体中的杂质“沉淀”或灰尘“降落”。 例句:Wait for the dust to settle before you clean up. (等灰尘落定后再打扫。) 习语:Wait for the dust to settle (尘埃落定/等局势稳定后再说)。 suit [sju t] n. 西服;套装 v. 适合;满足…需要;相配;合身 1. Suit 的核心搭配 (动词) suit sb/sth 适合某人/事物 That red dress really suits you. (那条红裙子真的很衬你。) suit one's taste / needs 符合某人的口味/需求 The job suits his needs perfectly. (这份工作完全符合他的需求。) suitable adj.适合的;适宜的;相配的 suit [sju t] n. 西服;套装 v. 适合;满足…需要;相配;合身 1. Suit 的核心搭配 (动词) suit the occasion 适合场合 His casual clothes didn't suit the occasion. (他的休闲装不适合那个场合。) suit yourself 随你的便 suit sb to do sth 对某人来说做某事很方便 Would it suit you to meet at 5 PM? (下午5点见面你方便吗?) suit [sju t] n. 西服;套装 v. 适合;满足…需要;相配;合身 2. Suitable 的核心搭配 (形容词) be suitable for sb/sth适合于某人/某物 This movie is not suitable for children. (这部电影不适合儿童观看。) be suitable to do /for doing sth 适合做某事 The software is suitable for managing data. (这个软件适合管理数据。) He is suitable to be a teacher. (他适合当老师。) suit [sju t] n. 西服;套装 v. 适合;满足…需要;相配;合身 3. 易错点与辨析 (Common Mistakes & Nuances) 介词辨析:Suitable for vs. Suitable to Suitable for:侧重于目的或用途(“用来干什么”)。 例:This tool is suitable for fixing bikes. (这个工具适合修自行车。) Suitable to:侧重于对象或匹配度(“跟谁般配”或“适合做什么身份”)。 例:He is suitable to the job. (他适合这份工作。) 注意:在现代英语中,suitable for 的使用频率远高于 suitable to,且在很多情况下可以互换。 suit [sju t] n. 西服;套装 v. 适合;满足…需要;相配;合身 3. 易错点与辨析 (Common Mistakes & Nuances) 词义辨析:Suit vs. Fit vs. Match Suit:指颜色、款式、风格等“衬”某人,或时间安排“方便”某人。 例:The color suits her. (这个颜色衬她。) Fit:指尺寸、大小“合身”。 例:The shoes fit me well. (这双鞋我穿很合脚。) Match:指两个东西在颜色、图案上“相配”。 例:Your tie matches your shirt. (你的领带和衬衫很配。) 小试牛刀(用 suit/fit/match 的适当形式) 1. The size of this coat _ me well, but the style doesn't _ me. 2. Her red shoes _ her red hat; they look great together. 3. If we meet at 3 p.m., would that _ you? 4. He can't _ into his old jeans because he has gained weight. 5. The blue curtains _ the color of the sofa. fits suit match suit fit match suit [sju t] n. 西服;套装 v. 适合;满足…需要;相配;合身 a suit of一套 be suitable for sb/sth适合于某人/某物 be suitable to do sth 适合做某事 suitable adj.适合的;适宜的;相配的 (at) first hand 第一手;亲自 1. 核心介词短语 (Prepositional Phrases) at hand 在手边;在附近;即将发生 例:Keep a dictionary at hand. (把字典放在手边。) 例:The deadline is at hand. (截止日期临近了。) on hand 现有;在场 强调“现有库存”或“人员在场待命”。 例:We have enough cash on hand. (我们手头有足够的现金。) 例:Experts will be on hand to answer questions. (专家将在现场答疑。) (at) first hand 第一手;亲自 1. 核心介词短语 (Prepositional Phrases) in hand 在处理中;在掌控中 The situation is well in hand. (局势尽在掌握之中。) Let's get down to the work in hand. (让我们着手做手头的工作吧。) by hand 手工;用手 This sweater was made by hand. (这件毛衣是手工制作的。) Please deliver this letter by hand. (请专人递送这封信。) (at) first hand 第一手;亲自 1. 核心介词短语 (Prepositional Phrases) out of hand 失控;立即 例:The party got out of hand. (派对失控了。) 例:He rejected the proposal out of hand. (他当即拒绝了提议。) hand in hand 手拉手;共同 指紧密合作或伴随发生。 例:Theory should go hand in hand with practice. (理论应与实际相结合。) (at) first hand 第一手;亲自 2. 高频动词短语 (Phrasal Verbs) hand in 上交;提交 Please hand in your homework by Friday. (请在周五前交作业。) hand out 分发 Volunteers handed out leaflets. (志愿者们分发了传单。) hand over 移交;交出 指移交权力、责任或物品(常含被迫或正式意味)。 例:He handed over the keys. (他交出了钥匙。) (at) first hand 第一手;亲自 2. 高频动词短语 (Phrasal Verbs) hand down 传承;传下来 指把传统、习俗或旧衣物传给后代。 例:The ring was handed down from my grandmother. (这枚戒指是祖母传下来的。) 3. 常用习语 (Idioms) give / lend sb a hand 帮某人一把 例:Could you give me a hand with these boxes? (能帮我搬一下这些箱子吗?) (at) first hand 第一手;亲自 3. 常用习语 (Idioms) have one's hands full 忙得不可开交 例:She has her hands full with three kids. (她带三个孩子忙得团团转。) hands down 轻而易举地;毫无疑问 例:This is hands down the best pizza in town. (这绝对是城里最好吃的披萨。) (at) first hand 第一手;亲自 3. 常用习语 (Idioms) on the one hand... on the other hand 一方面……另一方 On the one hand I want to go, on the other hand I'm busy. (一方面我想去,另一方面我又很忙。) green hand 新手 He is a green hand at driving. (他是个开车新手。) in good hands 受到妥善照顾 Don't worry, you are in good hands. (别担心,你会得到妥善照顾的。) (at) first hand 第一手;亲自 4. 易错点与辨析 (Common Mistakes & Nuances) ① 词义辨析:At hand vs. On hand vs. In hand 这三个短语最容易混淆,区别如下: At hand:侧重“近”(时间或空间上的临近)。 On hand:侧重“有”(库存现有或人员在场待命)。 In hand:侧重“控”(在掌控中或正在处理)。 4. 易错点与辨析 (Common Mistakes & Nuances) ② 语法注意:Hand 作动词 Hand 作动词时,意思是“传递、交给”,后面常接双宾语。 结构:hand sb sth 或 hand sth to sb。 例:Please hand me the salt / hand the salt to me. (请把盐递给我。) ③ 习语误区:Green hand Green hand 是“新手”,不要望文生义理解为“绿手”。 与之相对的是 Old hand(老手/经验丰富的人)。 还有一个相关短语 Green fingers(英式英语),指“园艺能手”,不要混淆。 contain [k n'te n] v.包含; 含有; 容纳 contain oneself 控制自己 She could barely contain herself for joy. (她高兴得几乎无法自持。) A contains B B在A里面 例:The box contains old letters. (箱子里装着旧信。) 例:This drink contains zero sugar. (这饮料不含糖。) A includes B B是A的一部分 container n. 容器 Words and Expressions 新人教必修三 Unit 3 Thank You ! $