精品解析：2026届湖北省直辖县级行政单位教学质量监测高三下学期一模英语试题

2026年高三教学质量监测 英语 本试卷满分150分，考试用时120分钟。 注意事项： 1．答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并认真核准准考证号条形码上的以上信息，将条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。 2．请按题号顺序在答题卡上各题目的答题区域内作答，写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 3．选择题用2B铅笔在答题卡上把所选答案的标号涂黑；非选择题用黑色签字笔在答题卡上作答；字体工整，笔迹清楚。 4．考试结束后，请将试卷和答题卡一并上交。 选择题部分 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段录音，每段录音后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，听完每段录音后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音播放两遍。 1. What is Jack’s main concern? A. Being stuck in traffic. B. Missing a sports game. C. Getting caught in the rain. 2. What helped David make rapid progress? A. Communication. B. Extra hours. C. Concentration. 3. How does Emily probably feel? A. Upset. B. Relieved. C. Scared. 4. What does Sophie offer to do for Daniel? A. Lend him some money. B. Share her lunch with him. C. Treat him to a school meal. 5. What does the man decide to do today? A. Visit his parents. B. Go to bed earlier. C. Talk to his neighbor. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段录音，每段录音后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，听每段录音前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题都有5秒钟的作答时间。每段录音播放两遍。 听第6段录音，回答第6、7题。 6. What was Liam’s problem? A. He started at a new school. B. He struggled to make friends. C. He had difficulty with his homework. 7. Where are the speakers probably? A. In a classroom. B. At home. C. In a school canteen. 听第7段录音，回答第8至10题。 8. What is the conversation mainly about? A. Lisa’s house. B. Lisa’s collections. C. Lisa’s travels. 9. Why is the doll in the glass case special to Lisa? A. It was made eight years ago. B. It was a rare find in an antique shop. C. It was passed down from an elder of hers. 10. Where did the doll in the blue dress come from? A. A travel in China. B. A friend’s trip to Tokyo. C. A gift from her grandma. 听第8段录音，回答第11至13题。 11. Why is the man talking to the woman? A. To promote umbrellas. B. To research local crafts. C. To learn about her umbrella. 12. What can we learn about traditional oil paper umbrellas? A. They have cultural significance in festivals. B. They are only used for protection against rain. C. They can be mass-produced in factories now. 13. Who is the man probably? A. A local villager. B. A shop owner. C. A tourist. 听第9段录音，回答第14至16题。 14. What time might it be now? A. 5:40 p.m. B. 6:00 p.m. C. 6:20 p.m. 15. What is about to happen? A. A surprise party. B. A housewarming. C. A wedding celebration. 16. How are the speakers related to Jake? A. His family. B. His co-workers. C. His friends. 听第10段录音，回答第17至20题。 17. What competition has the athletics team won? A. A school contest. B. A national game. C. An international competition. 18. How long did the team train for? A. For six weeks. B. For eight months. C. For a year. 19. What helped the team win? A. School support. B. Good grades in school tests. C. Hard work and teamwork. 20. Why does the speaker encourage the listeners to exercise? A. A healthy body helps the mind. B. It can help build their character. C. The athletics team needs more members. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A NASA STEM Activities for Students Dear students, NASA provides a variety of wonderful STEM activities for students of different ages. All the activities are created to inspire the younger generation and cultivate their interest in science, technology, engineering and mathematics. For middle and high school students, many chances are offered to take part in space-related projects. The NASA TechRise Student Challenge encourages you to design experiments connected with space exploration. The Dream with Us Design Challenge invites students in Grades 6 to 12 to put forward creative ideas for future flight systems. Besides, HUNCH enables high school students to design practical equipment used by NASA. The International Space Apps Challenge, a global event open to everyone, calls for creative solutions to serious space problems. College and university students can join more professional and challenging projects. The HERC Challenge requires you to design and test vehicles used for lunar research. The Lunabotics Challenge asks students to build and operate robots working on the moon. In the SUITS Project, you need to design advanced tools for spacesuits. RASC-AL challenges you to create new plans for future space exploration. All these activities offer you valuable and irreplaceable hands-on experience. You can work with NASA experts, learn useful skills and take part in real research. Taking part in the programs will surely help your future study and jobs in science and space fields. Welcome to join NASA’s meaningful STEM activities! 1. What is the purpose of NASA’s STEM activities? A. To train professional astronauts for future space tasks. B. To stimulate students’ passion for STEM subjects. C. To design space equipment and flight systems for NASA. D. To raise money for space exploration projects worldwide. 2. What can high school students do in the HUNCH program? A. Build robots for lunar tasks. B. Test vehicles for moon research. C. Design convenient tools for NASA. D. Create tools for spacesuit use. 3. What can we learn from the last but one paragraph? A. These activities are designed for students’ entertainment. B. All the participants will work for NASA after graduation. C. Only college students can cooperate with NASA experts. D. Students can gain practical skills from the activities. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍美国国家航空航天局为不同年龄段学生提供的各类STEM活动及活动带来的益处，邀请学生参与。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“All the activities are created to inspire the younger generation and cultivate their interest in science, technology, engineering and mathematics.(所有活动的设立都是为了激励年轻一代，培养他们对科学、技术、工程和数学的兴趣)”可知，NASA STEM活动的目的是激发学生对STEM学科的热情。故选B项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Besides, HUNCH enables high school students to design practical equipment used by NASA.(此外，HUNCH项目让高中生能够设计供NASA使用的实用设备)”可知，高中生在HUNCH项目中可以为NASA设计实用工具。故选C项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“All these activities offer you valuable and irreplaceable hands-on experience. You can work with NASA experts, learn useful skills and take part in real research.(所有这些活动都能为你提供宝贵且不可替代的实践经验。你可以与NASA专家合作，学习有用的技能，并参与真实的研究)”可知，学生可以从这些活动中获得实用技能。故选D项。 B By the age of 22, Hikari Oberman has already been a lifeguard for four years. Recently, Oberman talked about how he saved lives during a rescue. On December 30, Oberman and his co-worker were at Anini Beach when two workers ran up to them and said, “We think someone’s getting stuck in the channel!” Oberman quickly got their equipment and as they were making their way down there, he got in touch with a Jet Ski (喷气式划艇) through radio and asked it to assist with the rescue. When he got there, Oberman found a surfer, a man in his late 30s struggling against the strong current, with an elderly man in his 70s holding on to the back of the surfboard. Apparently, they entered the water against the advisory on the radio. “My co-worker grasped the surfer. Meanwhile, I was helping the older man,” Oberman said. Normally, Oberman would lay the guy on the surfboard, climb up behind, and paddle from there. He tried that technique at first and quickly realized it was not working. Waves hit against the rocky reef about 27 meters behind them, and the current was pulling them into it. “If I stop paddling, we’re definitely going to be in that zone,” Oberman recalled. At that moment, he just focused on forward movement and kept thinking that as long as they were not going backward, that was good. After about five minutes — “even though it felt longer” — Oberman’s partner had gotten the surfer safely to shore and started coming back to assist him. After a short time, the Jet Ski finally came to the channel to help. It was a good rescue. When asked what it feels like to save someone’s life, Oberman responded, “I love it! That’s why we do it!” But as exciting as it might be to perform a big rescue, he explained that the most important part of his job was to prevent people from getting into trouble in the first place. “A dry lifeguard is a good lifeguard.” 4. Why were the surfers stuck in the channel? A. The water was too deep. B. They were too old to surf. C. They failed to follow the radio warning. D. Something was wrong with their surfboard. 5. What does the author want to tell us by mentioning the waves in Paragraph 5? A. The depth of the channel. B. Oberman’s professionalism. C. The result of the big rescue. D. The seriousness of the situation. 6. What can we infer from the underlined sentence in the last paragraph? A. Oberman will focus more on preventive action. B. Oberman won’t perform any big rescue anymore. C. Good lifeguards won’t get wet after a rescue mission. D. Lifeguards should request assistance before entering the water. 7. Which of the following best describes Hikari Oberman’s character in the rescue process? A. Brave and responsible. B. Decisive and adaptable. C. Friendly and cooperative. D. Persistent and cautious. 【答案】4. C 5. D 6. A 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述救生员Hikari Oberman在海滩救援被困冲浪者的过程，展现其工作状态与职业理念。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Apparently, they entered the water against the advisory on the radio.(显然，他们不顾收音机里的警告进入了水中)”可知，冲浪者被困在水道里是因为他们没有遵守收音机里的警告。故选C项。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Waves hit against the rocky reef about 27 meters behind them, and the current was pulling them into it. “If I stop paddling, we’re definitely going to be in that zone,” Oberman recalled.(海浪撞击着他们身后约27米处的岩石暗礁，水流正把他们往那里拉。Oberman回忆说：“如果我停止划水，我们肯定会进入那个区域。”)”可知，提及海浪是为了说明当时海浪汹涌、暗礁危险，水流湍急，突出情况的严重性。故选D项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“But as exciting as it might be to perform a big rescue, he explained that the most important part of his job was to prevent people from getting into trouble in the first place. “A dry lifeguard is a good lifeguard.”(不过，尽管实施一次大型救援可能令人激动不已，他解释说，他工作中最重要的部分是首先防止人们陷入麻烦。“不沾水的救生员才是好救生员。”)”可知，这句话的含义是救生员最核心的工作是预防，避免人们陷入危险，由此可推断Oberman说“A dry lifeguard is a good lifeguard.”的意思是他会更注重预防措施。故选A项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中的““My co-worker grasped the surfer. Meanwhile, I was helping the older man,” Oberman said.(“我的同事抓住了那位冲浪者，与此同时，我去帮助那位老人。”奥伯曼说)”第五段中的“Waves hit against the rocky reef about 27 meters behind them, and the current was pulling them into it. ‘If I stop paddling, we’re definitely going to be in that zone,’ Oberman recalled. At that moment, he just focused on forward movement(海浪撞击着他们身后约27米处的岩石暗礁，水流正把他们往那里拉。Oberman回忆说：“如果我停止划水，我们肯定会进入那个区域。”)”可知，面对急流、岩礁等危险环境，奥伯曼没有退缩，而是迅速行动、坚守救援岗位，全力营救被困人员，这体现了他的勇敢和责任心。故选A项。 C Culture clash means the tensions and conflicts caused by different working habits, communication styles, and ways of thinking inside a company. This often happens between employees of different generations, separate departments, or people from various cultural backgrounds. With the rapid growth of remote work and the wide use of AI technology, workplaces have become more complex. This leads to more frequent misunderstandings and frictions among colleagues. There are three main factors that cause such conflicts. First, employees at different career stages often have different ideas about company development and management. For example, young workers may want quick changes, while senior staff may prefer stability. Disagreements about corporate culture often push many talented employees to leave their jobs. Second, cross-cultural differences can easily cause misunderstandings when companies do business internationally. What is polite in one culture may be rude in another. Third, company mergers often lead to clear culture clashes because the two companies usually have very different values and rules. Although culture clash is hard to avoid in modern companies, effective methods can be used to reduce its bad influence. Respecting cultural differences and valuing the strengths of each group are very necessary. Clear and regular communication helps build trust and understanding. Providing professional cross-cultural training can also improve cooperation and cut down on unnecessary conflicts. If managed correctly, culture clash will not hurt the organization. Instead, it can help create a more positive and active working environment, strengthen team spirit and cooperation, and further improve the company’s overall competitiveness in the global market. 8. What is the text mainly about? A. Keys to managing cross-cultural conflicts B. Reasons for global market success. C. Ways to reduce employee stress. D. Causes and solutions to culture clash. 9. According to the text, why might talented employees choose to leave their jobs? A. They are unwilling to accept different working styles. B. They prefer working in companies with different rules. C. They find it hard to agree with the company’s culture. D. They are dissatisfied with their salary and benefits. 10. What can be inferred from the last paragraph about culture clash? A. It can be a driving force for company growth. B. It has little impact on a company’s development. C. It is the main cause of employee turnover. D. It should be possibly avoided in global business. 11. What is the author’s attitude towards culture clash? A. Doubtful. B. Hopeful. C. Worried. D. Uncaring. 【答案】8. D 9. C 10. A 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章探讨了职场中文化冲突的成因、影响以及如何将其转化为积极因素，促进公司发展。 【8题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，文章第一段“Culture clash means the tensions and conflicts caused by different working habits, communication styles, and ways of thinking inside a company. This often happens between employees of different generations, separate departments, or people from various cultural backgrounds.(文化冲突是指公司内部由于不同的工作习惯、沟通方式和思维方式而引起的紧张和冲突。这种情况经常发生在不同年龄、不同部门或不同文化背景的员工之间)”介绍文化冲突的定义与发生场景；第二段中心句为“There are three main factors that cause such conflicts.(造成这种冲突的主要因素有三个)”，本段详细说明文化冲突产生的三大原因；第三段中心句为“Although culture clash is hard to avoid in modern companies, effective methods can be used to reduce its bad influence.(虽然在现代企业中，文化冲突是难以避免的，但可以采取有效的方法来减少其不良影响)”，本段阐述缓解文化冲突负面影响的有效方法；第四段说明合理管理文化冲突的积极意义。根据全文内容可知，文章主要围绕文化冲突的成因与解决办法展开论述。故选D。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Disagreements about corporate culture often push many talented employees to leave their jobs.(关于企业文化的分歧常常迫使许多有才华的员工离职)”可知，有才华的员工离职是因为无法认同公司的文化。故选C。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“If managed correctly, culture clash will not hurt the organization. Instead, it can help create a more positive and active working environment, strengthen team spirit and cooperation, and further improve the company’s overall competitiveness in the global market.(如果管理得当，文化冲突不会伤害组织。相反，它可以帮助创造一个更加积极主动的工作环境，加强团队精神和合作，进一步提高公司在全球市场上的整体竞争力)”可推断，文化冲突若处理得当，可以成为公司发展的动力。故选A。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段作者指出文化冲突若管理得当可带来积极影响，如“create a more positive and active working environment, strengthen team spirit and cooperation, and further improve the company’s overall competitiveness(创造一个更加积极主动的工作环境，加强团队精神和合作，进一步提高公司在全球市场上的整体竞争力)”，可以看出作者对文化冲突持积极、抱有希望的态度。故选B。 D The global shift to renewable energy is greatly increasing demand for critical minerals and metals, including lithium, copper and rare earth elements. Over the past five years, the market for these energy transition minerals has doubled. By 2040, demand for such minerals in clean energy technologies is expected to grow two to four times. Although the energy transition requires more mining, the total amount of materials needed for a fully green energy system by 2040 is much lower than that for a fossil-fuel based system. Fossil fuels are burned continuously and cannot be recycled. In contrast, critical minerals are used in long-lasting equipment and can be recycled at the end of their service life. It is highly important to mine these metals responsibly. Copper is one metal whose demand will rise sharply. Under the 1.5°C climate goal, annual copper demand is projected to grow from 25 million tonnes now to 55.1 million tonnes in 2050. New supply sources must be developed to close this gap. Fortunately, known reserves of many critical minerals are geographically widespread. Copper, for example, is distributed across Chile, Peru, China, the United States and other nations. In the near future, production will still depend on traditional mining countries, because opening a new mine usually takes more than 10 years. However, processing capacity can be diversified more quickly. The US and the EU are building partnerships to strengthen supply chains. Mining, however, brings serious environmental and social risks. It can damage ecosystems, consume large amounts of water and produce harmful waste. Some mining activities also affect local communities and Indigenous Peoples’ lands. More than 50 percent of the metals needed for the energy transition come from or near these areas. To solve these problems, responsible mining is necessary. Companies need strong management and clear communication with local communities. They should also follow international standards such as Towards Sustainable Mining, IRMA and CopperMark. These systems aim to improve environmental protection, safety and community relations. Metal users can help by making supply chains more transparent and supporting recycling and new technologies. With joint efforts, the energy transition can be both sustainable and fair to local communities. 12. What is the advantage of critical minerals over fossil fuels? A. They are easier to explore and extract. B. They can be recycled after use. C. They cost less to produce. D. They are used in larger quantities. 13. Why is it difficult to increase copper supply quickly? A. Known reserves are running out. B. Demand is growing too slowly. C. Building a new mine takes a long time. D. Many countries refuse to export copper. 14. What problem does mining bring according to the passage? A. It raises the price of renewable energy. B. It reduces the efficiency of power systems. C. It slows down technological development. D. It harms the environment and local communities. 15. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Critical Minerals for the Energy Transition. B. Ways to Recycle Used Metals Effectively. C. Global Supply Chains of Renewable Energy. D. Environmental Risks of Mining Industry. 【答案】12. B 13. C 14. D 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要阐述了随着全球向可再生能源转型，对关键矿物和金属的需求大幅增长。关键矿物相比化石燃料具有可回收的优势，但开采面临一些挑战。以铜为例，其需求将急剧上升，虽已知储量分布广泛，但新矿开采耗时较长。同时，采矿会带来环境和社会风险，因此需要负责任地开采，多方共同努力以实现能源转型的可持续性和公平性。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Fossil fuels are burned continuously and cannot be recycled. In contrast, critical minerals are used in long - lasting equipment and can be recycled at the end of their service life. (化石燃料持续燃烧且无法回收。相比之下，关键矿物用于耐用设备，在其使用寿命结束时可以回收)”可知，关键矿物相对于化石燃料的优势是使用后可以回收。故选B项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Fortunately, known reserves of many critical minerals are geographically widespread. Copper, for example, is distributed across Chile, Peru, China, the United States and other nations. In the near future, production will still depend on traditional mining countries, because opening a new mine usually takes more than 10 years.(幸运的是，许多关键矿产的已知储量在地理上分布广泛。例如，铜分布在智利、秘鲁、中国、美国等国家。在不久的将来，生产仍将依赖传统矿产国，因为新开一座矿山通常需要十多年时间。)”可知，快速增加铜供应困难是因为开设新矿需要很长时间。故选C项。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“Mining, however, brings serious environmental and social risks. It can damage ecosystems, consume large amounts of water and produce harmful waste. Some mining activities also affect local communities and Indigenous Peoples’lands.(然而，采矿带来了严重的环境和社会风险。它会破坏生态系统，消耗大量水资源并产生有害废物。一些采矿活动还会影响当地社区和原住民的土地)”可知，采矿带来的问题是危害环境和当地社区。故选D项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。主要阐述了随着全球向可再生能源转型，对关键矿物和金属的需求大幅增长。关键矿物相比化石燃料具有可回收的优势，但开采面临一些挑战。以铜为例，其需求将急剧上升，虽已知储量分布广泛，但新矿开采耗时较长。同时，采矿会带来环境和社会风险，因此需要负责任地开采，多方共同努力以实现能源转型的可持续性和公平性。A选项“Critical Minerals for the Energy Transition (能源转型中的关键矿物)”为最佳标题，故选A项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 People are living longer than ever around the world. Longer lives bring new opportunities, but they also introduce challenges, especially the risk of age-related decline. Researchers have spent years trying to understand why some people stay mentally sharp while others fade more quickly. ____16____ When someone knows two or more languages, all those languages remain active in the brain. Each time a multilingual person wants to speak, the brain must select the right language while keeping others from interfering. ____17____ Choosing one language, controlling the others and switching between them strengthens brain networks involved in attention and mental control. Studies comparing bilinguals and monolinguals have suggested that people who use more than one language might maintain better brain functions in later life. ____18____ Interestingly, researchers also find in a new study that people living in countries where multilingualism had a lower chance of showing signs of accelerated ageing. Monolingual speakers, by contrast, were more likely to appear biologically older. ____19____ This new research stands out for its scale, its long-term perspective and its broad approach to defining ageing. By combining biological, behavioural and environmental information, it reveals a clear and consistent pattern: ____20____ While it is not a magic shield, it may be one of the everyday experiences that help the brain stay adaptable, resilient and younger for longer. A. brain activities can prevent physical illnesses. B. multilingualism is closely linked to healthier ageing. C. This mental exercise acts a bit like “brain training”. D. Many scientists doubt the effect of learning languages in old age. E. Therefore, the more languages one speaks, the greater the protective effect. F. One main reason is multilingualism, the ability to speak more than one language. G. Indeed, speaking one extra language appears helpful in maintaining better cognitive skills. 【答案】16. F 17. C 18. G 19. E 20. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过研究发现，掌握多种语言(多语能力)与健康老龄化密切相关，这种语言能力所带来的持续大脑训练有助于延缓认知衰退。 【16题详解】 上文“Researchers have spent years trying to understand why some people stay mentally sharp while others fade more quickly. (研究人员花了多年时间试图理解为什么有些人能保持思维敏锐，而另一些人则衰退得更快)”提出了一个长期存在的科学问题。F选项“One main reason is multilingualism, the ability to speak more than one language. (一个主要原因就是多语能力，即说一种以上语言的能力)”承接上文，直接回答了研究人员长期探究的问题——多语能力是影响因素之一，形成“问题—答案”的逻辑关系。同时，引出下文围绕“多语能力”这一因素展开的详细阐述。故选F项。 【17题详解】 上文“When someone knows two or more languages, all those languages remain active in the brain. Each time a multilingual person wants to speak, the brain must select the right language while keeping others from interfering. (当一个人掌握两种或多种语言时，所有这些语言都会在大脑中保持活跃。每当一个多语者想要说话时，大脑必须在阻止其他语言干扰的同时选择正确的语言)”描述了多语者大脑同时处理多种语言的运作机制。C选项“This mental exercise acts a bit like “brain training”. (这种心智锻炼有点像“大脑训练”)”承接上文，用“This mental exercise”指代上文描述的“选择语言、控制干扰”这一过程，将其类比为“大脑训练”。下文“Choosing one language, controlling the others and switching between them strengthens brain networks involved in attention and mental control. (选择一种语言、控制其他语言以及在它们之间切换，会强化与注意力和心理控制相关的大脑网络)”则具体阐述了这种“大脑训练”带来的积极效果，形成“机制—类比—效果”的逻辑链。故选C项。 【18题详解】 上文“Studies comparing bilinguals and monolinguals have suggested that people who use more than one language might maintain better brain functions in later life. (比较双语者和单语者的研究表明，使用一种以上语言的人在晚年可能保持更好的大脑功能)”指出多语能力与晚年大脑功能之间的关联。G选项“Indeed, speaking one extra language appears helpful in maintaining better cognitive skills. (确实，多说一种语言似乎有助于保持更好的认知能力)”承接上文，用“Indeed”对上文的研究结论进行强调和确认。下文“Interestingly, researchers also find in a new study that people living in countries where multilingualism had a lower chance of showing signs of accelerated ageing. (有趣的是，研究人员在一项新研究中还发现，生活在多语国家的人们出现加速衰老迹象的几率较低)”则用新的研究数据进一步支持这一观点，与G选项形成递进关系。故选G项。 【19题详解】 上文“Monolingual speakers, by contrast, were more likely to appear biologically older. (相比之下，单语者更可能在生理上显得更老)”通过对比强调了多语能力对延缓生物衰老的保护作用。E选项“Therefore, the more languages one speaks, the greater the protective effect. (因此，一个人说的语言越多，保护效果就越大)”承接上文，用“Therefore”引出基于上文对比的推论——语言数量与保护效果呈正相关，使论述从“多语有益”推进到“越多越有益”的更深层次结论。故选E项。 【20题详解】 上文“By combining biological, behavioural and environmental information, it reveals a clear and consistent pattern: (通过结合生物学、行为学和环境信息，它揭示了一个清晰且一致的模式：)”引出研究发现的最终结论。B选项“multilingualism is closely linked to healthier ageing. (多语能力与健康老龄化密切相关)”作为冒号后的内容，直接概括了研究揭示的核心模式。下文“While it is not a magic shield, it may be one of the everyday experiences that help the brain stay adaptable, resilient and younger for longer. (虽然它不是一种神奇的护盾，但它可能是帮助大脑保持适应性、韧性并更长时间保持年轻的日常体验之一)”则进一步说明该结论的意义。故选B项。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Saul Scruggs and Keon Richardson have never missed a day of work picking up rubbish in Miami Beach. And they were especially ____21____ to be following their route as a wonderful surprise awaited them. When their huge truck rolled down the street, they found scores of ____22____ who’d gotten up early to line the street with signs and balloons, all to ____23____ say “we love you”. Jennifer Elegant wanted to show her family’s ____24____ so she organized a “thank you” celebration to ____25____ the essential workers whom she called “extraordinary”. Even the Miami Beach Mayor, Dan Gelber, ____26____ to express respect to them — because Saul and Keon do more than pick up rubbish. “They bring an incredible, positive ____27____ to the entire neighborhood,” Jennifer told GNN. “They spread joy.” What is particularly ____28____ is the positive energy these two men bring with them. They always wear smiles and never miss a(n) ____29____ to say hello and ____30____ someone’s day. They help others and expect nothing ____31____. One day, Saul spent 45 minutes helping a neighbor look for her lost wedding ring. He also waited over an hour with another neighbor who was having heart issues and needed a(n) ____32____ to go to the hospital. Jennifer is deeply impressed with these amazing workers. “They continue to maintain their ____33____ attitude even in the face of this severe global health crisis, ____34____ their own safety in order to keep our city ____35____ and beautiful,” she said. 21. A. careful B. delighted C. confident D. grateful 22. A. officers B. colleagues C. tourists D. residents 23. A. sincerely B. secretly C. roughly D. falsely 24. A. expectation B. motivation C. appreciation D. attention 25. A. award B. comfort C. blame D. honor 26. A. showed up B. brought up C. gave up D. calmed down 27. A. pressure B. spirit C. action D. effort 28. A. hopeful B. interesting C. mysterious D. special 29. A. meeting B. day C. opportunity D. reason 30. A. change B. brighten C. widen D. sharpen 31. A. in turn B. in short C. in return D. in sight 32. A. operation B. ambulance C. discussion D. friendship 33. A. determined B. pessimistic C. negative D. independent 34. A. giving B. treasuring C. seeking D. risking 35. A. peaceful B. lonely C. orderly D. common 【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. D 26. A 27. B 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. C 32. B 33. A 34. D 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述迈阿密海滩垃圾收集工Saul和Keon认真工作、传递温暖，受到居民和市长的尊重与感谢的故事。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们尤其高兴能走在自己的路线上，因为一个美好的惊喜在等待着他们。A. careful小心的；B. delighted高兴的；C. confident自信的；D. grateful感激的。根据后文“a wonderful surprise awaited them”可知，他们此时的心情是高兴的。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他们的大卡车沿街行驶时，他们发现许多居民早起，拿着标语和气球排在街道两旁，所有人都真诚地说“我们爱你”。A. officers官员；B. colleagues同事；C. tourists游客；D. residents居民。根据后文“Jennifer Elegant wanted to show her family’s...”以及“the entire neighborhood”可推测，沿街等候的是当地居民。故选D。 【23题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：当他们的大卡车沿街行驶时，他们发现许多居民早起，拿着标语和气球排在街道两旁，所有人都真诚地说“我们爱你”。A. sincerely真诚地；B. secretly秘密地；C. roughly粗略地；D. falsely虚假地。根据上文“who’d gotten up early to line the street with signs and balloons”可知，居民们特意早起排队、准备标语气球，表达对垃圾收集工的感谢，这种情感应是真诚的。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Jennifer Elegant想表达家人的感激之情，所以她组织了一场“感谢”庆祝活动，向这些她称之为“非凡的”必要工作者致敬。A. expectation期待；B. motivation动机；C. appreciation感激；D. attention关注。根据后文“organized a “thank you” celebration”可知，她是想表达感激之情。故选C。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Jennifer Elegant想表达家人的感激之情，所以她组织了一场“感谢”庆祝活动，向这些她称之为“非凡的”必要工作者致敬。A. award奖励；B. comfort安慰；C. blame责备；D. honor致敬、尊重。根据上文“a “thank you” celebration”和下文“extraordinary”可知，活动的目的是向这些工作者致敬。故选D。 【26题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：甚至迈阿密海滩市长Dan Gelber也现身向他们表达尊重——因为Saul和Keon做的不仅仅是捡垃圾。A. showed up出现、现身；B. brought up提出、抚养；C. gave up放弃；D. calmed down冷静下来。结合语境，市长也来表达尊重，应是“现身”参与庆祝活动符合逻辑。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Jennifer告诉GNN：“他们给整个社区带来了一种难以置信的、积极的精神风貌。他们传播欢乐。”A. pressure压力；B. spirit精神、风貌；C. action行动；D. effort努力。根据后文“They spread joy”可知，此处指他们带来的积极精神。故选B。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：特别特别的是这两个人身上所带有的正能量。A. hopeful有希望的；B. interesting有趣的；C. mysterious神秘的；D. special特别的。结合后文“They always wear smiles and never miss a(n) ____ to say hello and ____ someone’s day. They help others and expect nothing ____ .”他们总是微笑、帮助他人等行为可知，他们身上的正能量是特别的，与众不同的。故选D。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们总是面带微笑，从不放过任何一个打招呼、让别人开心的机会。A. meeting会议；B. day一天；C. opportunity机会；D. reason理由。根据上文“They always wear smiles”可知，他们会抓住每一个打招呼的机会。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们总是面带微笑，从不放过任何一个打招呼、让别人开心的机会。A. change改变；B. brighten使开心、照亮；C. widen拓宽；D. sharpen使锋利。结合上文“smiles”和“say hello”可知，这些行为是为了让别人开心。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：他们帮助别人，却不期待任何回报。A. in turn反过来；B. in short总之；C. in return作为回报；D. in sight看得见。结合前文他们传递温暖、帮助他人的行为，以及上文“expect nothing”可知，此处指不期待回报。故选C。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他还和另一位有心脏问题、需要救护车去医院的邻居等了一个多小时。A. operation手术；B. ambulance救护车；C. discussion讨论；D. friendship友谊。根据上文“having heart issues”和下文“go to the hospital”可知，有心脏问题的人需要救护车送往医院。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她说：“即使面对这场严重的全球健康危机，他们仍然保持着坚定的态度，为了保持我们城市的整洁和美丽而冒着自身的安全风险。”A. determined坚定的；B. pessimistic悲观的；C. negative消极的；D. independent独立的。结合前文他们从不缺席工作、帮助他人的表现，以及下文“even in the face of this severe global health crisis”可知，他们的态度是坚定的。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她说：“即使面对这场严重的全球健康危机，他们仍然保持着坚定的态度，为了保持我们城市的整洁和美丽而冒着自身的安全风险。”A. giving给予；B. treasuring珍惜；C. seeking寻找；D. risking冒险。结合上文“severe global health crisis”可知，他们坚持工作是在冒着自身安全的风险。故选D。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她说：“即使面对这场严重的全球健康危机，他们仍然保持着坚定的态度，为了保持我们城市的整洁和美丽而冒着自身的安全风险。”A. peaceful和平的；B. lonely孤独的；C. orderly整洁有序的；D. common普通的。根据上文（第一段）“Saul Scruggs and Keon Richardson have never missed a day of work picking up rubbish in Miami Beach. ”可知，Saul和Keon是垃圾收集工，他们的工作是捡垃圾，目的是让城市整洁有序。故选C。 非选择题部分 注意：将答案写在答题纸上，写在本试卷上无效。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 An over 600-year-old Ming Dynasty banknote — among the earliest printed currency (货币) in China — was found ____36____ (hide) inside a 14th-century wooden Buddhist sculpture. Specialists believe a person may ____37____ (place) the banknote inside while arranging repairs, an estimated 40 or 50 years after the sculpture was first made. The banknote was made during China’s Ming Dynasty, ____38____ spanned from 1368 to 1644. The period under the Hongwu Emperor, Zhu Yuanzhang — the ____39____ (found) of the Ming Dynasty — was a prosperous era fueled by strong international trade and a growing population. During this time, China replaced its traditional silver and gold currency ____40____ paper money. The “one guan” banknote was the ____41____ (high) denomination (面额) available at the time, and was equal to “one liang” of silver — a face value of about 660 RMB or roughly $100. If sold alone, its market value today is estimated ____42____ (be) between $2,000 and $4,000. Aside from its inside value, the banknote lends additional insight into the era. At that time, bills in China ____43____ (create) carefully and skillfully from handmade mulberry bark paper and printed with a carved woodblock, a technology that has played ____44____ important role throughout Chinese history. ____45____ (date) back to 868 A.D., this printing method enabled the spread of information, art and literature. 【答案】36. hidden 37. have placed 38. which 39. founder 40. with 41. highest 42. to be 43. were created 44. an 45. Dating 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在一座14世纪木质佛像中发现的一张600多年前的明代纸币，以及该纸币的背景、价值和相关历史信息。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：一张有600多年历史的明代纸币——中国最早的印刷货币之一——被发现在一座14世纪的木质佛像内部。此处An over 600-year-old Ming Dynasty banknote与hide之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作主语补足语，故填hidden。 【37题详解】 考查情态动词+have done。句意：专家认为，可能是有人在安排修复时，将这张纸币放了进去，据估计是在佛像最初制成约40或50年后。此处表示对过去发生的事情不太确定的推测，用may have done，故填have placed。 【38题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：这张纸币制作于中国的明代，明代从1368年延续到1644年。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词是the Ming Dynasty，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，所以用which引导，故填which。 【39题详解】 考查名词。句意：洪武皇帝朱元璋——明朝的开国皇帝——统治时期是一个繁荣的时代，得益于繁荣的国际贸易和不断增长的人口。此处作Zhu Yuanzhang的同位语，the后接名词，found的名词形式是founder，意为“创始人、开国者”，且此处指朱元璋一人，用单数形式，故填founder。 【40题详解】 考查介词。句意：在此期间，中国用纸币取代了传统的金银货币。replace sth. with sth.是固定搭配，意为“用某物取代某物”，故填with。 【41题详解】 考查形容词最高级。句意：“一贯”纸币是当时可用的最高面额，相当于“一两”银子——面值约660元人民币或大约100美元。根据定冠词the和语境可知，此处表示“最高的”，所以用high“高的”的最高级highest，故填highest。 【42题详解】 考查固定搭配。句意：如果单独出售，它今天的市场价值估计在2000美元到4000美元之间。be estimated to be是固定搭配，意为“估计是……”，故填to be。 【43题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句意：当时，中国的纸币是用手工桑皮纸精心制作的，并采用木刻版印刷，这项技术在整个中国历史上发挥了重要作用。根据时间状语At that time可知，此处用一般过去时，且bills与create之间是被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，主语bills是复数，be动词用were，故填were created。 【44题详解】 考查冠词。句意：当时，中国的纸币是用手工桑皮纸精心制作的，并采用木刻版印刷，这项技术在整个中国历史上发挥了重要作用。play an important role是固定搭配，意为“发挥重要作用”，表示泛指，important是以元音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词an，故填an。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这种印刷方法可追溯到公元868年，它促进了信息、艺术和文学的传播。date back to是固定搭配，意为“追溯到”，与其逻辑主语 this printing method之间是主动关系，故此处用现在分词作状语，句首单词首字母大写，故填Dating。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你校英文报“Future & Career”栏目征文，主题为“My Future Career Plan”。请结合科技发展、社会需求、个人兴趣，写一篇短文投稿。 内容包括：1.未来职业的大致方向； 2.选择理由； 3.现在该如何准备。 注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 My Future Career Plan _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】My Future Career Plan As technology develops rapidly, my future career plan is to become a senior AI application developer. From the social perspective, AI is widely used in various fields and is in great need of professional talents. Personally, I am deeply interested in programming and always feel excited when designing AI-related small programs. To achieve this goal, I will focus on learning math and computer knowledge at school, practice programming skills in my spare time, and keep up with the latest AI development trends. I believe hard work will help me realize my dream. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达是一篇征文。要求考生以“My Future Career Plan”为主题写一篇短文投稿。 【详解】1.词汇积累 各种各样的：various→a variety of 兴奋的：excited→thrilled 集中精力于：focus on→concentrate on 实现：realize→achieve 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：As technology develops rapidly, my future career plan is to become a senior AI application developer. 拓展句：With technology developing rapidly, my future career plan is to become a senior AI application developer. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Personally, I am deeply interested in programming and always feel excited when designing AI-related small programs.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句的省略） [高分句型2] I believe hard work will help me realize my dream.（运用了省略了that的宾语从句作believe的宾语） 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Once upon a time there lived a poor but cheerful shoemaker. He was so happy that he went on singing all day long. Upstairs lived a very rich man. He was so rich that he could not sleep at night because he was always trying to count his money and keep it safe. So this rich man lay awake all night and always went to bed in the morning. But no sooner had he fallen asleep than he was awakened again. It was not his money that woke him this time; it was the shoemaker, who was sitting at his door making shoes and boots and singing as happily as a bird. The rich man went to a friend and asked, “I can’t sleep at night because I keep thinking of my money, and I can’t sleep in the morning because I hear that shoemaker’s singing. What am I to do?” His friend was a wise man and gave him a plan. The next morning, while the shoemaker was singing as usual, the rich man came to his door. He was holding a bag filled with something that jingled (发出叮当声). “Here, shoemaker,” said the rich man, “I have brought you a present of 1,000 pounds because you’re always so happy.” The shoemaker was surprised. He took the money and thanked the rich man. He had never seen so much money in his life, but somehow he worried that it might be stolen by someone. So he went to the darkest part of his house to count the money and hid the bag under his bed. He went in two or three times an hour to make sure that the bag was all right. When his wife asked him what was the matter, he became angry and shouted at her, something he had never done before. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150个左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 A change had come over the shoemaker. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The shoemaker missed the good old days, so he made up his mind to do something. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 A change had come over the shoemaker. His cheerful songs faded away, replaced by constant worry and restlessness. He no longer sat at his door singing while making shoes; instead, he kept glancing nervously at his bedroom, unable to focus on his work. The once warm and lively small house was now filled with silence and his occasional sighs. He stopped chatting with neighbors on the street, and even the sound of his hammer hitting leather lost its former rhythm. The 1,000 pounds, which was supposed to bring him joy, had turned into a heavy chain tying down his happiness. The shoemaker missed the good old days, so he made up his mind to do something. He took the bag of money and went to the rich man’s house early the next morning. ‌“Sir, thank you for your present, but I realize it’s stolen my happiness,” he said, handing the bag back. ‌“I’d rather go back to singing while making shoes than live in fear with this money.” The rich man was surprised at first, then he understood. After the shoemaker left, he started to reflect on his own life. Later, he began to donate part of his money to help the poor, and gradually, he found peace and could finally sleep soundly at night. Meanwhile, the shoemaker’s cheerful songs filled the street again, and his small house was full of laughter once more. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物变化为线索展开，讲述贫穷却快乐的鞋匠因收到富人送的一千英镑，从此陷入焦虑，原本的快乐消失不见的故事。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“鞋匠发生了变化。”可知，第一段可描写鞋匠得到钱后，从原本的开朗变得焦虑不安，无心工作，对家人态度也变差，展现金钱给他带来的困扰。 ②由第二段首句内容“鞋匠怀念过去的美好时光，所以他下定决心做点什么。”可知，第二段可描写鞋匠决定把钱还给富人，重新找回快乐，同时富人也因此反思自己的生活，做出改变。 2. 续写线索：鞋匠性情大变——无心工作焦虑不安——怀念往昔——归还金钱——重获快乐——富人反思改变 3. 词汇激活： 行为类 ①消失：fade away/disappear/vanish ②专注于：focus on/concentrate on ③捐赠：donate/give away/contribute 情绪类 ①焦虑的：nervous/anxious/restless ②惊讶的：surprised/amazed/astonished 【点睛】[高分句型1] The 1,000 pounds, which was supposed to bring him joy, had turned into a heavy chain tying down his happiness.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句和现在分词作定语) [高分句型2] ‌“Sir, thank you for your present, but I realize it’s stolen my happiness,” he said, handing the bag back.(运用了现在分词短语作伴随状语) [高分句型3] After the shoemaker left, he started to reflect on his own life.(运用了after引导的时间状语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026年高三教学质量监测 英语 本试卷满分150分，考试用时120分钟。 注意事项： 1．答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并认真核准准考证号条形码上的以上信息，将条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。 2．请按题号顺序在答题卡上各题目的答题区域内作答，写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 3．选择题用2B铅笔在答题卡上把所选答案的标号涂黑；非选择题用黑色签字笔在答题卡上作答；字体工整，笔迹清楚。 4．考试结束后，请将试卷和答题卡一并上交。 选择题部分 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段录音，每段录音后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，听完每段录音后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音播放两遍。 1. What is Jack’s main concern? A. Being stuck in traffic. B. Missing a sports game. C. Getting caught in the rain. 2. What helped David make rapid progress? A. Communication. B. Extra hours. C. Concentration. 3. How does Emily probably feel? A. Upset. B. Relieved. C. Scared. 4. What does Sophie offer to do for Daniel? A. Lend him some money. B. Share her lunch with him. C. Treat him to a school meal. 5. What does the man decide to do today? A. Visit his parents. B. Go to bed earlier. C. Talk to his neighbor. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段录音，每段录音后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，听每段录音前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题都有5秒钟的作答时间。每段录音播放两遍。 听第6段录音，回答第6、7题。 6. What was Liam’s problem? A. He started at a new school. B. He struggled to make friends. C. He had difficulty with his homework. 7. Where are the speakers probably? A. In a classroom. B. At home. C. In a school canteen. 听第7段录音，回答第8至10题。 8. What is the conversation mainly about? A. Lisa’s house. B. Lisa’s collections. C. Lisa’s travels. 9. Why is the doll in the glass case special to Lisa? A. It was made eight years ago. B. It was a rare find in an antique shop. C. It was passed down from an elder of hers. 10. Where did the doll in the blue dress come from? A. A travel in China. B. A friend’s trip to Tokyo. C. A gift from her grandma. 听第8段录音，回答第11至13题。 11. Why is the man talking to the woman? A. To promote umbrellas. B. To research local crafts. C. To learn about her umbrella. 12. What can we learn about traditional oil paper umbrellas? A. They have cultural significance in festivals. B. They are only used for protection against rain. C. They can be mass-produced in factories now. 13. Who is the man probably? A. A local villager. B. A shop owner. C. A tourist. 听第9段录音，回答第14至16题。 14. What time might it be now? A. 5:40 p.m. B. 6:00 p.m. C. 6:20 p.m. 15. What is about to happen? A. A surprise party. B. A housewarming. C. A wedding celebration. 16. How are the speakers related to Jake? A. His family. B. His co-workers. C. His friends. 听第10段录音，回答第17至20题。 17. What competition has the athletics team won? A. A school contest. B. A national game. C. An international competition. 18. How long did the team train for? A. For six weeks. B. For eight months. C. For a year. 19. What helped the team win? A. School support. B. Good grades in school tests. C. Hard work and teamwork. 20. Why does the speaker encourage the listeners to exercise? A. A healthy body helps the mind. B. It can help build their character. C. The athletics team needs more members. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A NASA STEM Activities for Students Dear students, NASA provides a variety of wonderful STEM activities for students of different ages. All the activities are created to inspire the younger generation and cultivate their interest in science, technology, engineering and mathematics. For middle and high school students, many chances are offered to take part in space-related projects. The NASA TechRise Student Challenge encourages you to design experiments connected with space exploration. The Dream with Us Design Challenge invites students in Grades 6 to 12 to put forward creative ideas for future flight systems. Besides, HUNCH enables high school students to design practical equipment used by NASA. The International Space Apps Challenge, a global event open to everyone, calls for creative solutions to serious space problems. College and university students can join more professional and challenging projects. The HERC Challenge requires you to design and test vehicles used for lunar research. The Lunabotics Challenge asks students to build and operate robots working on the moon. In the SUITS Project, you need to design advanced tools for spacesuits. RASC-AL challenges you to create new plans for future space exploration. All these activities offer you valuable and irreplaceable hands-on experience. You can work with NASA experts, learn useful skills and take part in real research. Taking part in the programs will surely help your future study and jobs in science and space fields. Welcome to join NASA’s meaningful STEM activities! 1. What is the purpose of NASA’s STEM activities? A. To train professional astronauts for future space tasks. B. To stimulate students’ passion for STEM subjects. C. To design space equipment and flight systems for NASA. D. To raise money for space exploration projects worldwide. 2. What can high school students do in the HUNCH program? A. Build robots for lunar tasks. B. Test vehicles for moon research. C. Design convenient tools for NASA. D. Create tools for spacesuit use. 3. What can we learn from the last but one paragraph? A. These activities are designed for students’ entertainment. B. All the participants will work for NASA after graduation. C. Only college students can cooperate with NASA experts. D. Students can gain practical skills from the activities. B By the age of 22, Hikari Oberman has already been a lifeguard for four years. Recently, Oberman talked about how he saved lives during a rescue. On December 30, Oberman and his co-worker were at Anini Beach when two workers ran up to them and said, “We think someone’s getting stuck in the channel!” Oberman quickly got their equipment and as they were making their way down there, he got in touch with a Jet Ski (喷气式划艇) through radio and asked it to assist with the rescue. When he got there, Oberman found a surfer, a man in his late 30s struggling against the strong current, with an elderly man in his 70s holding on to the back of the surfboard. Apparently, they entered the water against the advisory on the radio. “My co-worker grasped the surfer. Meanwhile, I was helping the older man,” Oberman said. Normally, Oberman would lay the guy on the surfboard, climb up behind, and paddle from there. He tried that technique at first and quickly realized it was not working. Waves hit against the rocky reef about 27 meters behind them, and the current was pulling them into it. “If I stop paddling, we’re definitely going to be in that zone,” Oberman recalled. At that moment, he just focused on forward movement and kept thinking that as long as they were not going backward, that was good. After about five minutes — “even though it felt longer” — Oberman’s partner had gotten the surfer safely to shore and started coming back to assist him. After a short time, the Jet Ski finally came to the channel to help. It was a good rescue. When asked what it feels like to save someone’s life, Oberman responded, “I love it! That’s why we do it!” But as exciting as it might be to perform a big rescue, he explained that the most important part of his job was to prevent people from getting into trouble in the first place. “A dry lifeguard is a good lifeguard.” 4. Why were the surfers stuck in the channel? A. The water was too deep. B. They were too old to surf. C. They failed to follow the radio warning. D. Something was wrong with their surfboard. 5. What does the author want to tell us by mentioning the waves in Paragraph 5? A. The depth of the channel. B. Oberman’s professionalism. C. The result of the big rescue. D. The seriousness of the situation. 6. What can we infer from the underlined sentence in the last paragraph? A. Oberman will focus more on preventive action. B. Oberman won’t perform any big rescue anymore. C. Good lifeguards won’t get wet after a rescue mission. D. Lifeguards should request assistance before entering the water. 7. Which of the following best describes Hikari Oberman’s character in the rescue process? A. Brave and responsible. B. Decisive and adaptable. C. Friendly and cooperative. D. Persistent and cautious. C Culture clash means the tensions and conflicts caused by different working habits, communication styles, and ways of thinking inside a company. This often happens between employees of different generations, separate departments, or people from various cultural backgrounds. With the rapid growth of remote work and the wide use of AI technology, workplaces have become more complex. This leads to more frequent misunderstandings and frictions among colleagues. There are three main factors that cause such conflicts. First, employees at different career stages often have different ideas about company development and management. For example, young workers may want quick changes, while senior staff may prefer stability. Disagreements about corporate culture often push many talented employees to leave their jobs. Second, cross-cultural differences can easily cause misunderstandings when companies do business internationally. What is polite in one culture may be rude in another. Third, company mergers often lead to clear culture clashes because the two companies usually have very different values and rules. Although culture clash is hard to avoid in modern companies, effective methods can be used to reduce its bad influence. Respecting cultural differences and valuing the strengths of each group are very necessary. Clear and regular communication helps build trust and understanding. Providing professional cross-cultural training can also improve cooperation and cut down on unnecessary conflicts. If managed correctly, culture clash will not hurt the organization. Instead, it can help create a more positive and active working environment, strengthen team spirit and cooperation, and further improve the company’s overall competitiveness in the global market. 8. What is the text mainly about? A. Keys to managing cross-cultural conflicts B. Reasons for global market success. C. Ways to reduce employee stress. D. Causes and solutions to culture clash. 9. According to the text, why might talented employees choose to leave their jobs? A. They are unwilling to accept different working styles. B. They prefer working in companies with different rules. C. They find it hard to agree with the company’s culture. D. They are dissatisfied with their salary and benefits. 10. What can be inferred from the last paragraph about culture clash? A. It can be a driving force for company growth. B. It has little impact on a company’s development. C. It is the main cause of employee turnover. D. It should be possibly avoided in global business. 11. What is the author’s attitude towards culture clash? A. Doubtful. B. Hopeful. C. Worried. D. Uncaring. D The global shift to renewable energy is greatly increasing demand for critical minerals and metals, including lithium, copper and rare earth elements. Over the past five years, the market for these energy transition minerals has doubled. By 2040, demand for such minerals in clean energy technologies is expected to grow two to four times. Although the energy transition requires more mining, the total amount of materials needed for a fully green energy system by 2040 is much lower than that for a fossil-fuel based system. Fossil fuels are burned continuously and cannot be recycled. In contrast, critical minerals are used in long-lasting equipment and can be recycled at the end of their service life. It is highly important to mine these metals responsibly. Copper is one metal whose demand will rise sharply. Under the 1.5°C climate goal, annual copper demand is projected to grow from 25 million tonnes now to 55.1 million tonnes in 2050. New supply sources must be developed to close this gap. Fortunately, known reserves of many critical minerals are geographically widespread. Copper, for example, is distributed across Chile, Peru, China, the United States and other nations. In the near future, production will still depend on traditional mining countries, because opening a new mine usually takes more than 10 years. However, processing capacity can be diversified more quickly. The US and the EU are building partnerships to strengthen supply chains. Mining, however, brings serious environmental and social risks. It can damage ecosystems, consume large amounts of water and produce harmful waste. Some mining activities also affect local communities and Indigenous Peoples’ lands. More than 50 percent of the metals needed for the energy transition come from or near these areas. To solve these problems, responsible mining is necessary. Companies need strong management and clear communication with local communities. They should also follow international standards such as Towards Sustainable Mining, IRMA and CopperMark. These systems aim to improve environmental protection, safety and community relations. Metal users can help by making supply chains more transparent and supporting recycling and new technologies. With joint efforts, the energy transition can be both sustainable and fair to local communities. 12. What is the advantage of critical minerals over fossil fuels? A. They are easier to explore and extract. B. They can be recycled after use. C. They cost less to produce. D. They are used in larger quantities. 13. Why is it difficult to increase copper supply quickly? A. Known reserves are running out. B. Demand is growing too slowly. C. Building a new mine takes a long time. D. Many countries refuse to export copper. 14. What problem does mining bring according to the passage? A. It raises the price of renewable energy. B. It reduces the efficiency of power systems. C. It slows down technological development. D. It harms the environment and local communities. 15. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Critical Minerals for the Energy Transition. B. Ways to Recycle Used Metals Effectively. C. Global Supply Chains of Renewable Energy. D. Environmental Risks of Mining Industry. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 People are living longer than ever around the world. Longer lives bring new opportunities, but they also introduce challenges, especially the risk of age-related decline. Researchers have spent years trying to understand why some people stay mentally sharp while others fade more quickly. ____16____ When someone knows two or more languages, all those languages remain active in the brain. Each time a multilingual person wants to speak, the brain must select the right language while keeping others from interfering. ____17____ Choosing one language, controlling the others and switching between them strengthens brain networks involved in attention and mental control. Studies comparing bilinguals and monolinguals have suggested that people who use more than one language might maintain better brain functions in later life. ____18____ Interestingly, researchers also find in a new study that people living in countries where multilingualism had a lower chance of showing signs of accelerated ageing. Monolingual speakers, by contrast, were more likely to appear biologically older. ____19____ This new research stands out for its scale, its long-term perspective and its broad approach to defining ageing. By combining biological, behavioural and environmental information, it reveals a clear and consistent pattern: ____20____ While it is not a magic shield, it may be one of the everyday experiences that help the brain stay adaptable, resilient and younger for longer. A. brain activities can prevent physical illnesses. B. multilingualism is closely linked to healthier ageing. C. This mental exercise acts a bit like “brain training”. D. Many scientists doubt the effect of learning languages in old age. E. Therefore, the more languages one speaks, the greater the protective effect. F. One main reason is multilingualism, the ability to speak more than one language. G. Indeed, speaking one extra language appears helpful in maintaining better cognitive skills. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Saul Scruggs and Keon Richardson have never missed a day of work picking up rubbish in Miami Beach. And they were especially ____21____ to be following their route as a wonderful surprise awaited them. When their huge truck rolled down the street, they found scores of ____22____ who’d gotten up early to line the street with signs and balloons, all to ____23____ say “we love you”. Jennifer Elegant wanted to show her family’s ____24____ so she organized a “thank you” celebration to ____25____ the essential workers whom she called “extraordinary”. Even the Miami Beach Mayor, Dan Gelber, ____26____ to express respect to them — because Saul and Keon do more than pick up rubbish. “They bring an incredible, positive ____27____ to the entire neighborhood,” Jennifer told GNN. “They spread joy.” What is particularly ____28____ is the positive energy these two men bring with them. They always wear smiles and never miss a(n) ____29____ to say hello and ____30____ someone’s day. They help others and expect nothing ____31____. One day, Saul spent 45 minutes helping a neighbor look for her lost wedding ring. He also waited over an hour with another neighbor who was having heart issues and needed a(n) ____32____ to go to the hospital. Jennifer is deeply impressed with these amazing workers. “They continue to maintain their ____33____ attitude even in the face of this severe global health crisis, ____34____ their own safety in order to keep our city ____35____ and beautiful,” she said. 21. A. careful B. delighted C. confident D. grateful 22. A. officers B. colleagues C. tourists D. residents 23. A. sincerely B. secretly C. roughly D. falsely 24. A. expectation B. motivation C. appreciation D. attention 25. A. award B. comfort C. blame D. honor 26. A. showed up B. brought up C. gave up D. calmed down 27. A. pressure B. spirit C. action D. effort 28. A. hopeful B. interesting C. mysterious D. special 29. A. meeting B. day C. opportunity D. reason 30. A. change B. brighten C. widen D. sharpen 31. A. in turn B. in short C. in return D. in sight 32. A. operation B. ambulance C. discussion D. friendship 33. A. determined B. pessimistic C. negative D. independent 34. A. giving B. treasuring C. seeking D. risking 35. A. peaceful B. lonely C. orderly D. common 非选择题部分 注意：将答案写在答题纸上，写在本试卷上无效。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 An over 600-year-old Ming Dynasty banknote — among the earliest printed currency (货币) in China — was found ____36____ (hide) inside a 14th-century wooden Buddhist sculpture. Specialists believe a person may ____37____ (place) the banknote inside while arranging repairs, an estimated 40 or 50 years after the sculpture was first made. The banknote was made during China’s Ming Dynasty, ____38____ spanned from 1368 to 1644. The period under the Hongwu Emperor, Zhu Yuanzhang — the ____39____ (found) of the Ming Dynasty — was a prosperous era fueled by strong international trade and a growing population. During this time, China replaced its traditional silver and gold currency ____40____ paper money. The “one guan” banknote was the ____41____ (high) denomination (面额) available at the time, and was equal to “one liang” of silver — a face value of about 660 RMB or roughly $100. If sold alone, its market value today is estimated ____42____ (be) between $2,000 and $4,000. Aside from its inside value, the banknote lends additional insight into the era. At that time, bills in China ____43____ (create) carefully and skillfully from handmade mulberry bark paper and printed with a carved woodblock, a technology that has played ____44____ important role throughout Chinese history. ____45____ (date) back to 868 A.D., this printing method enabled the spread of information, art and literature. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你校英文报“Future & Career”栏目征文，主题为“My Future Career Plan”。请结合科技发展、社会需求、个人兴趣，写一篇短文投稿。 内容包括：1.未来职业的大致方向； 2.选择理由； 3.现在该如何准备。 注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 My Future Career Plan _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Once upon a time there lived a poor but cheerful shoemaker. He was so happy that he went on singing all day long. Upstairs lived a very rich man. He was so rich that he could not sleep at night because he was always trying to count his money and keep it safe. So this rich man lay awake all night and always went to bed in the morning. But no sooner had he fallen asleep than he was awakened again. It was not his money that woke him this time; it was the shoemaker, who was sitting at his door making shoes and boots and singing as happily as a bird. The rich man went to a friend and asked, “I can’t sleep at night because I keep thinking of my money, and I can’t sleep in the morning because I hear that shoemaker’s singing. What am I to do?” His friend was a wise man and gave him a plan. The next morning, while the shoemaker was singing as usual, the rich man came to his door. He was holding a bag filled with something that jingled (发出叮当声). “Here, shoemaker,” said the rich man, “I have brought you a present of 1,000 pounds because you’re always so happy.” The shoemaker was surprised. He took the money and thanked the rich man. He had never seen so much money in his life, but somehow he worried that it might be stolen by someone. So he went to the darkest part of his house to count the money and hid the bag under his bed. He went in two or three times an hour to make sure that the bag was all right. When his wife asked him what was the matter, he became angry and shouted at her, something he had never done before. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150个左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 A change had come over the shoemaker. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The shoemaker missed the good old days, so he made up his mind to do something. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $