Unit 4 Scientists Who Changed the World 单元语法（过去分词作定语，宾补和状语）练习-2025-2026学年高一英语译林版必修第三册

Unit 4 Scientists Who Changed the World 过去分词作定语，宾补和状语 一、单句语法填空 1．This happens, at least in part, thanks to the process of attention restoration, sometimes (call) “fascination”. 2．But she was thrilled by so many wonderful treasures from different cultures (display) in the museum. 3．A birdwatcher, (arm) with a telescope, found the pet sitting desperately on a rock. 4．The old photo album (find) in the attic brought back many sweet memories. 5．What do the (shade) areas on the map represent? 6．The pollutants (generate) in most households seldom build up to dangerous levels. 7．The package consists of a long, narrow box carefully (wrap) in brown paper. 8．Shanghai may be the (recognize) home of the soup dumplings, but food historians will actually point you to... 9．The book (refer) to at the meeting yesterday has become a bestseller among young readers recently. 10．The artist, (acknowledge) as one of the most remarkable creators, has influenced generation after generation. 11．As Chinese animations continue gaining global recognition, they offer fresh perspectives in an industry long (dominate) by Western studios. 12．For the Chinese, it is also a symbol of power (associate) with the weather, as the bringer of rain and water. 13．A recent example (cite) on the website is that one of the testing companies compares the talents of twins Bobby and Benny. 14．Tourists in ancient towns want to see the living conditions of local people, feel the vitality of town life, try local special snacks (influence) by geography and folk customs, and understand how the long history has shaped local culture. 15．When you wear a VR headset (equip) with sensors and a screen, you are surrounded by three-D images, sounds and other sensory information. 16．However, human vision performance is related to two factors: the quality of images (capture) by the eye and the image processing ability of the brain. 17．Firemen had to break the door down to reach the people (trap) in the house. 18．Experts insist that packets of cigarettes come with a health warning (attach) to them. 19．Despite being two goals behind in the first half, the Chinese women’s national football team got three in the second half with two goals (score) in just five minutes. 20．Only by deepening integration and upholding national interests can we get the great national reunification we seek (secure). 21．The conductor likes to have his room (decorate) with red lanterns. 22．I saw the fallen tree (sweep) away by the flood. 23．With butterflies in her stomach, the little girl had her courage (gather) and went onto the platform. 24．She stood there with her eyes (fix) on the distant building. 25．There were lots of options, with bread and butter, chicken pie and puddings (include), but I still missed my mum’s cooking! 26．Turnips (萝卜) are usually eaten boiled, (steam), roasted, fried, pickled, or even raw. 27．The manager was satisfied to see many new products (develop) after great effort. 28．I accidentally got the goods (deliver) to the wrong address. 29．To make wildlife (protect) better, the authority has not only set the list of habitats but also published a list of wild animals under special conservation. 30．I had my car parked in an underground car park, where I could get my car battery (charge). 31．I walked down the street, had dinner with friends or lay in bed at night with my eyes (glue) to the little screen. 32．Postal elements can be seen everywhere, with stamps, postcards and cakes in the shapes of mailboxes, mail carts and an old-style postman bicycle (exhibit). 33． (face) with such demanding work, these craftsmen often remind themselves to stay patient, as even a small mistake could ruin hours of work. 34． (equip) with essential knowledge and skills, I’m sure I will adapt to the new work environment quickly. 35．Even if (invite) to, I won’t go to such a lecture. 36．A few years later, still (attract) to his hometown deeply, he returned there to write various articles about it. 37．We grew up in the countryside, (surround) by the beauties of nature. 38． (compare) with Chinese students, American students are very open and active. 39．Children are allowed to enter the museum free of charge if (accompany) by an adult. 40． (seat) at a desk most of the time, office workers are generally troubled by neck and back pain. 二、完成句子 41．一位被认为是这个城市中最伟大的艺术家的男士在这次比赛中获得了一等奖。 A man the greatest artist of the city won the first prize in the competition. 42．The road last year is very wide. 去年建的那条路非常宽。 43．By the early 1980s, the great rockets had been replaced by the space shuttle. 20世纪80年代早期，美国太空计划中使用的大型火箭已被航天飞机所代替。 44．我发现有两扇玻璃窗被打破了。 I found . 45．With all the things , she went home happily. 带着她买的所有东西，她高兴地回家了。 46． is also very important. 准备一个急救箱是十分重要的。 47．如果被给予更多时间，我们本可以解决这个问题。 , we could have solved the problem. 48．这座桥建于1900年，已成为城市的象征。 1900, the bridge has become a symbol of the city. 49．从塔顶望去，山的南麓是一片树木的海洋。 the top of the tower, the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees. 50． , this is the highest railway station in the world. 这是世界上最高的火车站，位于海拔超过5000米的地方。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Scientists Who Changed the World 过去分词作定语，宾补和状语 一、单句语法填空 1．This happens, at least in part, thanks to the process of attention restoration, sometimes (call) “fascination”. 【答案】called 【详解】考查非谓语。句意：这种情况的发生，至少在一定程度上，得益于注意力恢复的过程，这一过程有时被称作“入迷”。分析句子结构可知，此空考查非谓语，the process of attention restoration与call之间是被动关系，再由语境可知，这里应用过去分词作后置定语，故填called。 2．But she was thrilled by so many wonderful treasures from different cultures (display) in the museum. 【答案】displayed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：但博物馆里展出的来自不同文化的众多精美珍宝让她兴奋不已。本句谓语为was，此处为非谓语动词，作后置定语，修饰名词treasures，treasures与display“展示”之间为被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填displayed。 3．A birdwatcher, (arm) with a telescope, found the pet sitting desperately on a rock. 【答案】armed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：一位带着望远镜的观鸟者发现那只宠物正绝望地坐在一块岩石上。主句已有谓语动词found，且空处无连词连接，故空处应用非谓语形式；arm在此处为动词，意为“装备；配备”，与逻辑主语a birdwatcher为被动关系，空处应用过去分词形式作后置定语。故填armed。 4．The old photo album (find) in the attic brought back many sweet memories. 【答案】found 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在阁楼里找到的那本旧相册唤起了许多甜蜜的回忆。此句中已有谓语动词brought，此处应填非谓语形式，photo album与find之间是被动关系，应用过去分词found，作后置定语。故填found。 5．What do the (shade) areas on the map represent? 【答案】shaded 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：地图上这些阴影区域代表什么？设空处需填入形容词形式来修饰名词areas，作定语。shade的形容词形式是由其过去分词shaded转化而来，意为“有阴影的，阴凉的”，在此处表示“地图上被阴影覆盖的区域”，符合语境。故填shaded。 6．The pollutants (generate) in most households seldom build up to dangerous levels. 【答案】generated 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：大多数家庭产生的污染物很少会累积到危险水平。此处为非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词pollutants，pollutants与generate之间为被动关系，应用过去分词形式。故填generated。 7．The package consists of a long, narrow box carefully (wrap) in brown paper. 【答案】wrapped 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这个包裹是一个狭长的盒子，它被仔细地用牛皮纸包着。句中已有谓语动词consists of，且无连词连接，故空处需用非谓语动词形式作后置定语，修饰名词box，且动词wrap与box之间是被动关系，需用过去分词形式。故填wrapped。 8．Shanghai may be the (recognize) home of the soup dumplings, but food historians will actually point you to... 【答案】recognized 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：上海或许是公认的小笼包发源地，但美食史学家实际上会把你引向……。 根据“the ____ home”可知，此空应是定语。recognize与home是动宾关系，即“发源地是被公认的”，此空应是过去分词recognized，作定语。故填recognized。 9．The book (refer) to at the meeting yesterday has become a bestseller among young readers recently. 【答案】referred 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：昨天会议上被提及的那本书，近来已成为年轻读者中的畅销书。句中已有谓语动词has become，空处应用非谓语动词，refer to“提到”和逻辑主语book之间为被动关系，refer应用过去分词形式，作后置定语。故填referred。 10．The artist, (acknowledge) as one of the most remarkable creators, has influenced generation after generation. 【答案】acknowledged 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这位艺术家，被公认为最杰出的创作者之一，影响了一代又一代人。本句谓语为has influenced，此处为非谓语动词，作定语，且The artist与acknowledge“承认(权威、地位)”为被动关系，用过去分词acknowledged。故填acknowledged。 11．As Chinese animations continue gaining global recognition, they offer fresh perspectives in an industry long (dominate) by Western studios. 【答案】dominated 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：随着中国动画不断获得全球认可，它们为一个长期由西方工作室主导的行业提供了新的视角。dominate和industry之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作定语，故填dominated。 12．For the Chinese, it is also a symbol of power (associate) with the weather, as the bringer of rain and water. 【答案】associated 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：对中国人来说，它也是一种与天气相关的力量象征，被视作雨水的带来者。power与associate之间是被动关系，即“力量被与天气联系起来”，所以用过去分词associated作后置定语，修饰power。故填associated。 13．A recent example (cite) on the website is that one of the testing companies compares the talents of twins Bobby and Benny. 【答案】cited 【详解】考查非谓语。句意：该网站上最近引用的一个例子是，有一家测试公司对双胞胎博比和本尼的天赋进行了对比。分析句子结构可知，句子已有主句的谓语“is”和that引导的表语从句中的谓语“compares”，所给动词应为非谓语形式；名词example与动词cite之间是被动关系，此处需要用过去分词作后置定语修饰example，表示“被引用的例子”。故填cited。   14．Tourists in ancient towns want to see the living conditions of local people, feel the vitality of town life, try local special snacks (influence) by geography and folk customs, and understand how the long history has shaped local culture. 【答案】influenced 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：古镇的游客想看看当地人的生活条件，感受城镇生活的活力，尝尝受地理和民俗影响的当地特色小吃，了解悠久的历史是如何塑造当地文化的。此处作后置定语，修饰snacks，influence与snacks之间为被动关系，故应用过去分词作定语。故填influenced。 15．When you wear a VR headset (equip) with sensors and a screen, you are surrounded by three-D images, sounds and other sensory information. 【答案】equipped 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当你佩戴装有传感器和屏幕的VR头显时，会被三维图像、声音及其他感官信息环绕。动词equip与逻辑主语VR headset构成被动关系，用其过去分词，作后置定语。故填equipped。 16．However, human vision performance is related to two factors: the quality of images (capture) by the eye and the image processing ability of the brain. 【答案】captured 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，人类的视觉表现与两个因素有关：眼睛捕获的图像质量和大脑的图像处理能力。句中已有谓语动词is related to，空处应用非谓语动词，capture（捕获、捕捉）和逻辑主语images之间为被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。故填captured。 17．Firemen had to break the door down to reach the people (trap) in the house. 【答案】trapped 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：消防员不得不破门而入，解救被困在屋里的人们。此处是非谓语动词作定语，修饰名词people，动词trap和名词people是被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语，故填trapped。 18．Experts insist that packets of cigarettes come with a health warning (attach) to them. 【答案】attached 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：专家坚持认为，香烟包装上应该附带健康警告。句中come为谓语动词，设空处应该使用非谓语动词，此处attach to them在句中作后置定语，修饰a health warning，表示“附在它们（香烟包装）上的健康警告”。health warning与attach之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，因此应用过去分词形式表被动。故填attached。 19．Despite being two goals behind in the first half, the Chinese women’s national football team got three in the second half with two goals (score) in just five minutes. 【答案】scored 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管在上半场落后两球，但中国女子国家足球队在下半场连进三球，仅用了五分钟就打进了两球。此处是with复合结构，介词宾语two goals与动词score之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填scored。 20．Only by deepening integration and upholding national interests can we get the great national reunification we seek (secure). 【答案】secured 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：只有深化融合、维护国家利益，我们才能让我们所追求的伟大国家统一得到稳固保障。此处是“get+宾语+宾补”的固定结构，the great national reunification与secure是动宾关系，应用过去分词secured作宾补。故填secured。 21．The conductor likes to have his room (decorate) with red lanterns. 【答案】decorated 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这位指挥家喜欢让他的房间挂上红灯笼。本句使用固定结构“have+宾语+宾补”，其中room和decorate之间是被动关系，应用过去分词，作宾语补足语。故填decorated。 22．I saw the fallen tree (sweep) away by the flood. 【答案】swept 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我看见倒下的树被洪水冲走了。句中已有谓语saw，空处作非谓语动词，sweep与逻辑主语the fallen tree之间是被动关系，使用过去分词形式swept作宾语补足语。故填swept。 23．With butterflies in her stomach, the little girl had her courage (gather) and went onto the platform. 【答案】gathered 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：小女孩心里七上八下，但还是鼓起勇气走上讲台。had为句子的谓语，表示“使，让”，have sth. done表示“让……被做”，courage与gather构成被动关系，用过去分词作宾补。故填gathered。 24．She stood there with her eyes (fix) on the distant building. 【答案】fixed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她站在那里，眼睛盯着远处的那座建筑。设空处应填非谓语动词作宾语补足语，her eyes与fix之间是被动关系，表示“眼睛被固定在……”，应用过去分词形式。故填fixed。 25．There were lots of options, with bread and butter, chicken pie and puddings (include), but I still missed my mum’s cooking! 【答案】included 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：有很多选择，包括面包和黄油、鸡肉派和布丁，但我还是想念妈妈做的饭！此处是“with +宾语+宾语补足语”结构，include与宾语bread and butter, chicken pie and puddings为被动关系，需用过去分词，作宾语补足语。故填included。 26．Turnips (萝卜) are usually eaten boiled, (steam), roasted, fried, pickled, or even raw. 【答案】steamed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：萝卜通常煮着吃、蒸着吃、烤着吃、炸着吃、腌制着吃，甚至生吃。句中已有谓语动词are eaten，空处应用非谓语动词，steam和逻辑主语turnips之间为被动关系，应用过去分词形式，作主语补足语。故填steamed。 27．The manager was satisfied to see many new products (develop) after great effort. 【答案】developed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：经理很满意地看到，经过努力，许多新产品被开发出来。develop在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语products构成被动关系，故用过去分词developed作宾补。故填developed。 28．I accidentally got the goods (deliver) to the wrong address. 【答案】delivered 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我不小心把货物送到了错误的地址。名词the goods与deliver之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填delivered。 29．To make wildlife (protect) better, the authority has not only set the list of habitats but also published a list of wild animals under special conservation. 【答案】protected 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了使野生动物得到更好的保护，当局不仅制定了栖息地清单，还公布了特别保护野生动物清单。此处为“make+宾语+宾补”结构，空处需填非谓语动词作宾语补足语，protect与wildlife之间为逻辑上的被动关系，空处应用过去分词protected作宾补。故填protected。 30．I had my car parked in an underground car park, where I could get my car battery (charge). 【答案】charged 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我把车停在了一个地下停车场，在那里我可以给汽车电池充电。此处为“get +宾语+宾补”结构，宾语“my car battery”与动词“charge”之间是被动关系，即电池被充电，所以应用过去分词作宾补。故填charged。 31．I walked down the street, had dinner with friends or lay in bed at night with my eyes (glue) to the little screen. 【答案】glued 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我走在街上，和朋友们一起吃晚餐，或者晚上躺在床上，眼睛紧紧盯着那个小屏幕。be glued to sth.是固定短语，意为“全神贯注于某事”；动词glue作with复合结构中宾语补足语，与其逻辑主语my eyes之间是被动关系，用过去分词表被动。故填glued。 32．Postal elements can be seen everywhere, with stamps, postcards and cakes in the shapes of mailboxes, mail carts and an old-style postman bicycle (exhibit). 【答案】exhibited 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：邮政元素随处可见，展出的邮票、明信片、邮筒形状的蛋糕、邮车和老式邮差自行车。句中为“with+宾语+宾语补足语”结构。宾语stamps, postcards and cakes in the shapes of mailboxes, mail carts and an old-style postman bicycle与exhibit之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填exhibited。 33． (face) with such demanding work, these craftsmen often remind themselves to stay patient, as even a small mistake could ruin hours of work. 【答案】Faced 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：面对如此高要求的工作，这些工匠常提醒自己保持耐心，因为一个小错误就可能毁掉数小时的努力。句子谓语动词是remind，空处为非谓语动词，短语be faced with意为“面对”，face和these craftsmen逻辑上是被动关系，因此用face的过去分词形式，作状语，且句首单词的首字母应大写。故填Faced。 34． (equip) with essential knowledge and skills, I’m sure I will adapt to the new work environment quickly. 【答案】Equipped 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：具备了必要的知识和技能，我相信我会很快适应新的工作环境。此处应填非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语I和equip之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作状语，单词位于句首，首字母大写。故填Equipped。 35．Even if (invite) to, I won’t go to such a lecture. 【答案】invited 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：即便有人邀请我参加，我也不会去听那样的讲座。此处invite与I构成被动关系，故用过去分词作状语。故填invited。 36．A few years later, still (attract) to his hometown deeply, he returned there to write various articles about it. 【答案】attracted 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：几年后，由于仍然被家乡深深吸引，他回到那里写了关于家乡的各种文章。句中已有谓语动词 returned，且设空处无连词连接，故应用非谓语动词形式。attract 与逻辑主语 he 之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词作原因状语。故填 attracted。 37．We grew up in the countryside, (surround) by the beauties of nature. 【答案】surrounded 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们在乡村长大，被大自然的美景环绕。句子已有谓语动词grew up，此处应用非谓语形式。we与surround（环绕）之间是被动关系，即我们被环绕，所以用过去分词surrounded作状语。故填surrounded。 38． (compare) with Chinese students, American students are very open and active. 【答案】Compared 【详解】考查动词。句意：与中国学生相比，美国学生更加开朗活跃。句子中有谓语，前后没有连词，此处应用非谓语动词作状语，主语和动词compare，应用过去分词作状语，句首单词首字母大写，故填Compared。 39．Children are allowed to enter the museum free of charge if (accompany) by an adult. 【答案】accompanied 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：如果由成人陪同，儿童就可以免费进入博物馆。此处accompany与Children构成被动关系，故用过去分词作状语。故填accompanied。 40． (seat) at a desk most of the time, office workers are generally troubled by neck and back pain. 【答案】Seated 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于大部分时间都坐在桌前，办公室职员通常深受颈部和背部疼痛的困扰。分析句子可知，are troubled是谓语动词，空处需填非谓语动词作原因状语，动词seat，为及物动词，意为“使……坐下”，office workers和seat为逻辑动宾关系，需用过去分词形式，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Seated。 二、完成句子 41．一位被认为是这个城市中最伟大的艺术家的男士在这次比赛中获得了一等奖。 A man the greatest artist of the city won the first prize in the competition. 【答案】 considered to be 【详解】考查非谓语动词和固定搭配。句中已有谓语动词 won，设空处需用非谓语结构作后置定语修饰A man；“被认为是……”的固定表达为be considered to be...，此处A man与consider之间为被动关系，故省略be动词，用过去分词短语considered to be作定语。故填considered to be。 42．The road last year is very wide. 去年建的那条路非常宽。 【答案】built 【详解】考查非谓语动词。中英文句子对比可知，空处应填“修建”，空处为非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词The road，动词build“修建”与逻辑主语The road之间为动宾关系，且动作已完成，应用过去分词形式。故填built。 43．By the early 1980s, the great rockets had been replaced by the space shuttle. 20世纪80年代早期，美国太空计划中使用的大型火箭已被航天飞机所代替。 【答案】previously used in the American space programme 【详解】考查非谓语动词。设空处用来修饰“the great rockets”，根据汉语提示“美国太空计划中使用的”，“使用（use）”和the great rockets之间是逻辑被动关系，所以use用过去分词形式作后置定语，previously表示“以前，先前”作状语修饰use，“在……计划中”用介词in，“美国太空计划”是“the American space programme”，故填previously used in the American space programme。 44．我发现有两扇玻璃窗被打破了。 I found . 【答案】two of the windows broken 【详解】考查过去分词。根据“find + 宾语 + 宾语补足语”结构，此处“两扇玻璃窗” 作found的宾语，译为 two of the windows。“被打破”表示宾语的状态，用过去分词形式broken作宾语补足语，表示被动和完成。故填two of the windows broken。 45．With all the things , she went home happily. 带着她买的所有东西，她高兴地回家了。 【答案】bought 【详解】考查非谓语动词。表示“购买”应用动词buy，与things构成被动关系，故用过去分词作宾补。故填bought。 46． is also very important. 准备一个急救箱是十分重要的。 【答案】Having an emergency kit prepared 【详解】考查非谓语动词。表示“准备”应用prepare；表示“一个急救箱”应用an emergency kit；have sth done为固定用法，an emergency kit和prepare为逻辑动宾关系，需用过去分词形式作宾语补足语；作主语，have需用动名词形式。故填Having an emergency kit prepared。 47．如果被给予更多时间，我们本可以解决这个问题。 , we could have solved the problem. 【答案】 Given more time 【详解】考查非谓语动词。“给予”give，“更多时间”more time，作give的宾语；give与其逻辑主语we之间是被动关系，使用过去分词形式given作状语，表示条件，置于句首首字母大写。故填①Given，②more，③time。 48．这座桥建于1900年，已成为城市的象征。 1900, the bridge has become a symbol of the city. 【答案】 Built in 【详解】考查非谓语动词和介词。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“建于”，“建”是build，“于”用介词in，句中谓语是has become，空格处用非谓语动词，the bridge和build之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此用过去分词表被动，作状语，位于句首的单词首字母大写，故填Built，in。 49．从塔顶望去，山的南麓是一片树木的海洋。 the top of the tower, the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees. 【答案】 Seen from 【详解】考查过去分词。根据中文提示可知，表示“从...望去”应用see...from， the south foot of the mountain与see是被动关系，再由句意可知，这里动词应用过去分词形式作状语，位于句首单词首字母应大写。故填①Seen②from。 50． , this is the highest railway station in the world. 这是世界上最高的火车站，位于海拔超过5000米的地方。 【答案】Located at over 5,000 metres above sea level 【详解】考查过去分词。“位于”使用固定短语be located at，“海拔超过5000米的地方”译为over 5,000 metres above sea level，空处作状语，应用过去分词短语located at...，首字母大写。故填Located at over 5,000 metres above sea level。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $