Unit 4 Period 1 Welcome to the unit & Reading（课件）英语译林版必修第三册

高中英语译林2020版 必修三 Unit 4 Scientists who changed the world Welcome to the unit & Reading 1 Contents 1. Lead in 2. Fast reading 3. Detailed reading 4. Critical thinking 5. Language points 6. Homework PART ONE Lead-in The scientist is motivated primarily by curiosity and a desire for truth. — Irving Langmuir 3 Yuan Longping ● In 1953, he ________________ South-west Agricultural College. ● In the 1970s, he ______ ___ _ _ the first hybrid rice varieties. Stephen Hawking ● He ___________ __ the field of general relativity. ● In 1988, A Brief History of Time was published and stayed on a bestseller list for ___________. Scientists who changed the world graduated from succeeded in developing made great contributions to 237 weeks 1. What else do you know about Yuan Longping? Yuan Longping has an asteroid named after him. In 1999, the asteroid project team who discovered it decided to honour this great man for his achievement in developing hybrid rice. The asteroid is called “Yuan Longping Star”. 2. What do you know about the Nobel Prize? The Nobel Prize is not a single prize, but five separate prizes that, according to Alfred Nobel‘s will of 1895, are awarded to “those who, during the preceding year, have conferred the greatest benefit to humankind”. Nobel Prizes are awarded in the fields of Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature, and Peace Nobel Prizes are widely regarded as the most prestigious awards available in their respective fields. The Nobel Prize is the world’s most prestigious annual award, honoring those who have conferred the greatest benefit to humankind. 6 Prize Categories Physics (Royal Swedish Academy) Chemistry (Royal Swedish Academy) Physiology or Medicine (Karolinska Institutet) Literature (Swedish Academy) Peace (Norwegian Nobel Committee, Oslo) Economic Sciences (Royal Swedish Academy, added 1969) She won the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for discovering artemisinin, a life-saving malaria treatment PART TWO Fast reading Chinese scientist wins 2015 Nobel Prize 8 Para. 1: Tu Youyou won a Nobel Prize in 2015 for her discovery of qinghaosu. Part 1 The lead Part 2 More detailed information about the event Para. 2: _____________________________________ ___________________________________________ ___________ Paras. 3-5: _______________________________ ________________________________________ _____________ Chinese scientist wins 2015 Nobel Prize Para. 6: ________________________________ The headline Part 3 Background or supporting information Tu Youyou and her team’s efforts finally paid off. Tu Youyou acquired a broad knowledge of both traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine. Tu Youyou and her team solved a lot of problems before they successfully discovered qinghaosu. Read for the structure. Headline Lead Body Tail Read for the lead of the news report. Tu Youyou has become the first female scientist of the People’s Republic of China to receive a Nobel Prize, awarded for her contribution to the fight against malaria, one of the deadliest disease in human history. Thanks to her discovery of qinghaosu, malaria patients all over the world now have had a greatly increased chance of survival. Analysis: Tu Youyou is the first Chinese female scientist to win a Nobel Prize. She received the prize for her work against malaria, a very deadly disease. Her discovery of qinghaosu greatly improves the survival rate of malaria patients worldwide. who why importance of her discovery PART THREE Detailed reading 12 Read for specific information. Problems Solutions The extracts failed to produce any promising results. Tu and her team could not produce enough qinghaosu extract because research resources were limited. Tu and her team did not have sufficient safety data to start trials on patients. Tu Youyou referred to the ancient books of traditional Chinese medicine again, redesigned the experiments and tried extracting the qinghao herb at a low temperature in order not to damage its effective part. Tu Youyou and her team managed to find solutions to the problem, e.g. using household water containers instead of research equipment. Tu Youyou and her team volunteered to test the qinghao extract on themselves. In November ________, Tu and her team successfully discovered qinghaosu through ________ and ________. It has since ___________ about 200 million malaria patients. __________ a Nobel Prize in __________, Tu expected scientists to further __________ traditional Chinese medicine, __________ it to a higher level and discovering more medicines. 1972 trial error benefited Awarded 2015 explore raising 1.Why did Tu Youyou win the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine? A. Because she wrote many medical books. B. Because she discovered artemisinin to treat malaria. C. Because she taught medicine in a famous university. D. Because she saved many soldiers in the war. 2. What helped Tu Youyou find the key way to extract artemisinin? A. Modern medical machines B. Traditional Chinese medicine classics C. Foreign scientists’ advice D. Her childhood experience Reading comprehension. 3. Which of the following is true about Tu Youyou? A. She succeeded on her first experiment. B. She gave up after many failures. C. She worked alone without any team. D. She tested the medicine on herself to make sure it was safe. 4. From Tu Youyou’s story, we can learn that ______. A. success needs talent only B. teamwork is useless in research C. perseverance and responsibility are important D. ancient medicine is not useful today Reading comprehension. PART FOUR Critical thinking 17 1. What methods of demonstration does the author mainly employ to make the news report convincing? State your opinion and list some examples. (Para. 2) Born in 1930, ..., between 1951 and 1955. (Para. 3) In the 1960s, ..., and in 1969, Tu ..... She collected over 2,000..... Inspired by an over 1,600-year-old ..... On 4 October 1971, after 190 failures, ..... (Para. 6) In November 1972, ..... benefited about 200 million..... More than 40 years..... By listing data In-depth reading 2. Can you find the transitional sentences used in this news report and analyze their functions? Transitional sentence: Tu’s education was soon to prove very useful. (Line 13) However, it was hard to produce enough qinghao extract for large trials because research resources were limited.(Line 23) Even with large amounts of qinghao extract produced, however, they still faced another problem. (Line 28) In-depth reading Function: It moves from Tu’s educational background (Para. 2) to “Tu’s success in making qinghao extract”(Para. 3) It moves from Tu’s success in making qinghao extract (Para. 3) to “the process of making enough qinghao extract for large trials”(Para. 4) It moves from Tu’s success in “miking enough qinghao extract for large trials”(para. 4) to the new problem Tu’s team was facing—no sufficient safety data(Para. 5). She combined traditional Chinese medical classics with modern scientific methods. She showed great perseverance through hundreds of failed experiments. She had the courage to test the medicine on herself to ensure safety. She worked with a strong team and received national support. She held a strong sense of responsibility to fight malaria and save lives. 3. What contributes to Tu Youyou’s success? In-depth reading Language points 22 1  republic  n.  共和国,共和政体 the People’s Republic of China 中华人名共和国 【佳句背诵】 The People's Republic of China, with its long history and rich cultural heritage, has been making remarkable progress in various fields in recent decades. 中华人民共和国具有悠久的历史和丰富的文化遗产，近几十年来在各个领域取得了令人瞩目的进步。 2 malaria n. 疟疾 3 deadly adj. 致命的;十足的,彻底的 deadly virus/enemies _____________________ adv. 非常，极度 be deadly cold/boring _____________________ 【佳句背诵】 Suddenly, however, as I ran, a deadly dizziness and sickness came over me. 可是，正当我向前跑着，我突然感到一阵要命的晕眩和恶心。（读后续写） 致命的病毒/敌人 极度冷/极度无聊 4. Thanks to her discovery of qinghaosu, malaria patients all over the world now have had a greatly increased chance of survival. (para. 1) →____________ v.存活→____________n.幸存者 【佳句背诵】 What matters most for our survival in the face of disasters is not only our physical strength but also our mental toughness.（主语从句） 在面对灾难时，对我们的生存最重要的不仅是我们的体力，还有我们的精神韧性。 survive survivor 5. In the 1960s, many people were dying of malaria, and in 1969 Tu became head of a team that intended to find a cure for the disease. (para. 3) v. to plan to do sth 打算，计划 intend doing/to do sth打算做某事 intend sb to do sth打算让某人做某事 be intended to do sth或be intended for sth or sb专门被用于;为...设计 had intended to do sth 原本打算做某事 n. intention · This book is intended for children. · This money is intended to help relieve the burden of economic hardship hitting those in poverty. __________ a measure to keep the spread of virus in check, keeping social distance is adopted by many countries. However, other strategies __________ protect vulnerable people are expected to come up soon. Intended as intended to I didn’t intend him__________(identify) the thief. This book is intended ________the general readers rather than the students. I have no _________(intend) of going abroad after graduation. I______________(intend) to attend your birthday party, but I had to take care of my son. 5.I don't intend _____________ (stay) long. Practice makes perfect. intention for to identify had intended staying/to stay 6. Inspired by an over 1,600-year-old text about preparing qinghao extract with cold water, Tu redesigned experiments and tried extracting the herb at a low temperature in order not to damage its effective part. (para. 3) v.[ɪkˈstrækt] n.[ˈekstrækt] v. to remove or obtain a substance from sth 提取，提炼；拔出 v. to choose information from a book for a particular purpose选取，摘录 n. a short passage from a book or piece of music摘录；选曲 n. a substance that has been obtained from sth else using a particular process提取物；精；汁 【佳句背诵】 It is from these classic novels that we can extract valuable life lessons and profound wisdom. 正是从这些经典小说中，我们能汲取宝贵的人生经验和深刻的智慧。（强调句） 7. However, it was hard to produce enough qinghao extract for large trials because research resources were limited. (para. 4) She agreed to employ me for a trial period. 试用期 We had the machine on trial for a week. 试用 Everyone is expected to stand the trials of adolescence. 考验 The men were arrested but not brought to trial. 审判，审理 7. However, it was hard to produce enough qinghao extract for large trials because research resources were limited. (para. 4) limited adj. 有限的 →____________n/v 限制→___________adj.无限的→____________n限制；局限；缺点 _____________ a time limit for 为...设定期限 push/ stretch sb’s patience to the limit ___________ _________________ 在一定限度内 【佳句背诵】The world of reality has its limits; the world of imagination is boundless.（现实世界有其界限，而想象的世界则是无限的。——卢梭） limit limitless limitation set 把某人耐心逼到极限 within limits Many countries took immediate measures to _______ the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic. They set strict __________ on the number of people who can gather in public closed area within a _________ space. limit limits limited 8. The trials on patients were likely to be postponed because they did not have sufficient safety data. (para. 5) sufficient adj. enough for a particular purpose足够的，充足的 be sufficient to do sth be sufficient for sth/sb insufficient These reasons are not sufficient _________(justify) the ban. Is 100 yuan sufficient _________your expenses? Unluckily, his salary is ___________(sufficient) to meet his needs. The following day she felt _____________(sufficient) well to go to work. insufficient to justify for sufficiently 9. As a key part of many malaria medicines, qinghaosu has since benefited about 200 million malaria patients. (para. 6) ________________ people around the world, researchers are working overtime to create a vaccine that would bring a permanent end to the coronavirus pandemic. Some people may ask who _____________ vaccines most. Actually vaccines __________________________________ those at risk most. Some researchers believe the ________ of vaccines extend beyond prevention of specific disease. Hopefully they will develop more vaccines _________ to people's health in future. For the benefit of benefits from/by benefit/are of benefit to/are beneficial to benefits beneficial 10. Perhaps the next generation of scientists, drawing on the wisdom of traditional Chinese medicine, will indeed discover more medicines beneficial to global health care. (para. 6 ) n. the ability to make sensible decisions and give good advice 智慧，精明 wise-wisdom a girl/boy of great wisdom 才女/子 I’m older and ________(wise) after ten years in the business. It was very wise ________you to leave when you did. He ________(wise) decided to tell the truth. I question the ___________(wise) of giving a child so much money. wisely wiser of wisdom Consolidation 33 Tu Youyou has become the first female scientist of the People’s Republic of China_____________(receive) a Nobel Prize. Thanks ______ her discovery of qinghaosu, malaria patients all over the world now have had a greatly increased chance of ___________(survive). She completed further training courses in traditional Chinese medicine, ____________(acquire) a broad knowledge of both traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine. to receive to acquiring Text Review survival 4. When they failed to produce any __________(promise) results, Tu _______(refer) to the ancient books of traditional Chinese medicine again. 5. ____________(inspire) by an over 1,600-year-old text about preparing qinghao extract with cold water, Tu redesigned the experiments and tried extracting the herb at a low temperature in order not to damage its effective part. 6. Tu and her team managed to find ____________(solve) to the problem. 7. When there was no research equipment, they had to extract herbs ___________(use) household water containers. promising Inspired using solutions referred Text Review 8. The trials _______ patients were likely ______________(postpone) because they did not have sufficient safety data. 9. ___________(speed) up the process and ensure its safety, Tu and her team volunteered___________(test) qinghao extract on themselves first. 10. The efforts of Tu and her team finally paid ______. 11. _____ a key part of many malaria medicines, qinghaosu has since benefited about 200 million malaria patients. 12. Perhaps the next generation of scientists, ________(draw) on the __________(wise) of traditional Chinese medicine, will indeed discover more medicines _________(benefit) to global health care. on to be postponed To speed off to test As wisdom beneficial drawing Text Review In her Nobel Lecture, Tu Youyou__________ the strengths of both traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine, and pointed out that there is great potential for future advances if scientists make good use of these strengths. Their efforts to conduct research in both fields may finally________. A good example to illustrate this point is the discovery of qinghaosu in 1972, which was _________ as an effective treatment for malaria. The Chinese herb qinghao, from which qinghaosu comes, has been used to cure diseases for almost 2,000 years. However, it was not until the 1970s that Tu succeeded in discovering qinghaosu, after many failed ___________. By then, the fight against malaria had achieved only _______ success. Since the discovery of qinghaosu, the survival rate of malaria patients has increased by around 30%. Without her _________ knowledge of both traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine, Tu might never have discovered qinghaosu. It is important that scientists draw on the ________ of both fields. With _________ research, many more medical discoveries like qinghaosu are likely to be made. referred to pay off intended experiments limited broad wisdom sufficient Parts of speech Suffixes Words Adjectives -dom -ness wisdom, freedom effectiveness, usefulness, kindness, loneliness, happiness Verbs -al -ance -ure survival, arrival, approval, proposal, refusal, removal appearance, acceptance, performance, assistance failure, pleasure, exposure, closure Adj/Verbs/ Nouns -age shortage, marriage, passage, percentage Homework 1. Polish the news report and share it in groups. 2. Try to find out more medical terms and try to explain them with noun phrases. 39 Thank you for listening! 40 $