专题02 阅读理解（记叙文）（期中真题汇编，安徽专用）高一英语下学期

专题02 阅读理解（记叙文） 主题01 人与社会——旅游 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·安徽芜湖·期中） After graduating from college, I moved to a new state to start a full-time job. One day, I found myself wanting to go traveling, and it was the perfect opportunity to travel by myself for the first time in my life. So I quickly started doing research on where I’d like to go. I had never traveled alone before, so I decided to sign up for a guided group that was going to Thailand. This gave me a sense of security. It felt like a great way not only to try being alone and meeting strangers, but also to do something that sounded really fun for two weeks. The Thailand trip forced me out of so many comfort zones (舒适区) that ended up being one of the biggest turning points of my life. The time I spent in Thailand finding my way around airports and taxis alone, meeting a group of strangers, and doing rock climbing with them in remote parts of the country, ended up being one of the greatest experiences of my life. Up until this point, I had always been shy and very careful to avoid danger and mistakes, but this travel experience inspired me to become different. It showed me a brave, strong, and independent side of myself that went on to influence my life greatly when I returned home. When I got back, I devoted my life to spending as much time as possible doing activities like climbing, hiking, or backpacking, especially things that I once thought I wasn’t “able to do” or was “too scared of.” Today, about 6 years later, I’m an outdoor empowerment (许可) coach and backpacking educator. My trip to Thailand was just what I needed to make that change. It showed me what was possible. It changed the path of my life. 1．What did the author do after graduation? A．He acted as a travel guide. B．He set up a business of his own. C．He refused a job offer and travelled. D．He applied for a position and was accepted. 2．Why did the author sign up for a guided group? A．To save some of his money. B．To make sure of his safety. C．To explore more in Thailand. D．To accompany his colleagues. 3．How did the author change after the trip to Thailand? A．He got a bit sadder. B．He turned a little shyer. C．He was far more careful. D．He became less afraid of risks 4．What outdoor activities did the author engage in after he returned from Thailand? ①Climbing ②Horse riding. ③Hiking. ④Car racing. ⑤Backpacking A．①③⑤ B．②③④ C．③④⑤ D．①②③ 主题02 人与自我——生活与学习 Passage 1 （23-24高一下·合肥六校联盟·期中） Most people who ran the marathon last month spent days before resting up and days after recovering. But not Jacky Hunt-Broersma. In total, she ran 104 marathons in 104 days. If it’s confirmed by Guinness World Records, that would be a new world record. And she did it all with one leg and a prosthesis (假肢). “Someone able-bodied had done it previously. I wanted to see if I could do it on a prosthetic leg and see what would happen,” she said. “I thought it would be a great way to inspire others to push their limits because I truly believe that we’re stronger than what we think. And I’ve been so pleasantly surprised that my body is held up, everything is held up and I’ve made it to 104.” She actually did not pick up the sport until after she lost the lower part of her left leg in 2001 to a type of cancer called Ewing sarcoma. Runners using a prosthetic leg can’t use a regular one. They need a running blade (刀锋式跑步义肢). Hunt-Broersma has two, but she was only able to run with one because of the swelling she experienced in her left leg that made it impossible to connect to the other blade. But even with the pain that occurred, she has been able to put up with it and continue. Altogether, Hunt-Broersma ran over 4, 385 kilometers. During that time, she has had a lot of time to think and has learned a few things about herself. “It has taught me how strong one can be and how important absolute determination is. If you’re mentally strong, you can do anything,” she said. “And our bodies are just amazing...This whole journey was impressive and super hard, but it’s taught me how strong I can be as a person and how far I can push myself.” 1．Why did Hunt-Broersma decide to run marathons? A．She wanted to set a new record. B．She intended to challenge herself. C．She was driven by her interest. D．She was inspired by people like her. 2．What difficulty did Hunt-Broersma meet with? A．She didn’t get professional training. B．She found it hard to keep her balance. C．She suffered discomfort in her left leg. D．She couldn’t use regular running blades. 3．What message does the author express through the story? A．Rome wasn’t built in a day. B．Time works wonders. C．A good beginning is half the battle. D．Nothing is impossible to a willing heart. 4．What may be the author’s attitude towards Hunt-Broersma? A．Annoyed. B．Concerned C．Admiring. D．Humorous. Passage 2 （24-25高一下·安徽滁州·期中） Mary Kay Ash has a truly inspiring success story. She was born in a small town in Texas and got married and started a family at the young age of 17. She went on to have three children with her husband who was a soldier, but their marriage eventually broke up. Mary Kay struggled for years to take care of her children on her own. But she took on various sales jobs in the direct selling industry, aiming to rise in her career. However, after many years of selling various products, along with a few middle management and trainer roles, she started to feel like she was being overlooked for more prominent (杰出的) leadership roles because she was a woman. As such, she finally decided to take matters into her own hands. Once her kids were out of the house and on their own, at the age of 45, Mary Kay Ash decided to become her own boss. She started her own cosmetic (化妆品) company. She started off very small, but in just a few short years, she managed to turn Mary Kay Cosmetics into a multi-billion dollar company that still serves and empowers people all over the world to this day. Despite her age, Mary Kay went on to author many best-selling books like The Mary Kay Way, Miracles Happen, You Can Have It All, as well as a few others, and she became an inspiration to countless women. Due to the success of her business and her aim to inspire as many people as possible, she became a multi-millionaire and was named as “The Greatest Woman in American History”. 1．What did Mary Kay do after her marriage broke up? A．She restarted a new family. B．She managed to become a soldier. C．She worked hard to raise her kids. D．She created a children’s story. 2．Why did Mary Kay decide to start her own business? A．To author more best-selling books. B．To inspire countless women in the US. C．To help her children to find jobs. D．To prove herself in a leadership role. 3．What are the last two paragraphs mainly about? A．Advances in cosmetic products. B．Mary Kay’s achievements. C．Admirable businesswomen. D．Mary Kay’s family background. 4．What can we infer about Mary Kay? A．She is a strong-willed person. B．She loves reading history books. C．She enjoys teaching children. D．She is quite good at telling jokes. Passage 3 （24-25高一下·淮南二中·期中） Earlier this year, I was looking for part-time work. Moonmilk, a cake and ice cream shop nearby, was hiring, so I went in for a trial shift (轮班). While I originally just set out to earn some extra money during the summer, the bonds and memories I made there turned out to be more valuable than any paycheck. Once, a man who works for the union of the local movie theater came in to place an order. He wanted a cake to celebrate a victory he’d had in stopping the theater from being kicked out by its landlord. Moonmilk’s owner was touched by the story and refused payment for the cake. Later, the union leader — so moved by the gesture — delivered free movie tickets to Moonmilk staff. The older women customers are among my favorites. Their concern is poignant; they often wonder if I’m Okay and tell me I look tired. One regular, always alone and smiling, is kind and generous, always declaring we have the best ice cream in the city. There’s also the guy who comes frequently to ask if we have the chocolate orange flavor — that we only ever have at Christmas. I always have to say no, but his persistence brings me joy, especially on days when I’m tired. As with any job, there are unpleasant moments. My wrist often hurts from repeatedly scooping out ice cream, and it’s always annoying when a group of people come in and take way too long to order, holding up all the others waiting. Worse still,in the fall, my full-time job’s schedule becomes more demanding and I know I’ll have to scale back my shifts. I will run into my favorite customers less often. But my experience working at Moonmilk has offered much more than just a paycheck. It has helped me feel more connected to my local community. The interactions and connections I’ve made will sustain me until at least next summer. 1．What initially drew the author to work at Moonmilk? A．A love for cake and ice cream. B．The chance to earn extra money. C．A personal connection to the shop. D．The manager’s engaging personality. 2．What does the underlined word “poignant” in paragraph 2 most probably mean? A．Heartwarming. B．Surprising. C．Distracting. D．Embarrassing. 3．What trouble does the author encounter at work? A．Bad-tasting ice cream. B．Far-off job destination. C．Constant physical pain. D．Numerous customer demands. 4．What lasting effect does the job at Moonmilk have on the author? A．Renewed purpose awareness. B．Strengthened social participation. C．Advanced financial independence. D．Improved working competence. 主题03 人与社会——社会与文化 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·安徽蚌埠·期中） When Andres Valencia starts drawing at school, his friends gather around to watch. And they are not the only ones who have noticed his talent. Andres has surprised the art world as Andres by making his first global auction (拍卖). The Californian art talent first picked up a paintbrush when he was five and now sells his pieces for tens of thousands of dollars. He has even been called “Little Picasso”. He uses a stepladder (折梯) to create his larger works and his talent was found early by his parents, Guadalupe, a lawyer, and Elsa, a jewelry designer. They encouraged his work, which is influenced by Pablo Picasso, but just wanted him to enjoy painting. “To be quite honest, we try not to talk too much about it in front of him,” Mr. Valencia, his father, told CNN. “We certainly don’t refer to him as talent or anything like that. We just keep it simple with him. At home, he just does his art.” Mr. Valencia said that he and his wife had resisted calls to homeschool their son so that he could focus more on painting. “We want him to go to school like a normal kid,” he said. “And because he’s a primary school student, he’s not like a lot of artists, who spend six, eight, or ten hours a day painting. He paints after school and on weekends, and he also plays with his friends.” Andres earned global recognition at Miami Art Week. Art Miami director Nick Korniloff said that experts were impressed before they knew Andres’ age. Mr. Korniloff said, “We’ve had everybody attend our shows, all great famous persons, and personalities, but this little boy brought down the house.” Mr. Korniloff was unwilling to predict how much the primary school student’s work may be worth to future investors but was positive that it would last “His works are as good as anything else I’ve seen in a long career,” he said. 1．What was Andres Valencia’s parents’ expectation of him? A．He could focus on his study. B．He could become another Picasso. C．He could enjoy himself painting. D．He could be famous at an early age. 2．Why did Andres Valencia’s parents refuse to homeschool their son? A．They had little time to help him study. B．They wanted him to live a normal life. C．They wanted more people to know his talent. D．They planned to make him paint for longer hours. 3．What did Mr. Korniloff think about Andres Valencia’s future? A．He expressed his confidence. B．He showed no interest. C．He voiced his doubts. D．He expressed his disappointment. 4．What is the main idea of the text? A．A little boy brought about a change in drawing. B．A little boy turned his interest into a career. C．A little boy excited the world with his paintings. D．A little boy’s works were put up for global auction. Passage 2 （23-24高一下·马鞍山二中·期中） Around 30 years ago, while collecting baked goods from a grocery store in Salt Lake City for a local food bank, Shauna Devenport noticed the waste of hundreds of pieces of bread that were only a day or two past their expiration date (有效期). She then requested the bread that would otherwise be thrown away, placing it on her front porch (门廊) and inviting anyone in need to take as much as they required. Devenport repeated this process and observed the response: “I’d put it out and an hour or so later, it was gone... People would show up from all over. I saw there was a real need out there.” She then approached her neighbors and asked them to assist her in collecting the store’s bread every day, and around twelve agreed to help. As reported in a recent US Department of Agriculture study, about 40% of the US food supply is wasted yearly. Besides expired bread, a variety of food items were being thrown away, such as bad-looking produce, canned goods, and even muscle-building drinks. Devenport explained that grocery stores often refuse to sell items that are beyond their “sell-by” dates, even though they may still be safe to eat. Devenport believes in the importance of minimizing waste and she added, “I’ve never heard of anyone getting sick from something they’ve taken from the porch.” Devenport has been providing help for people in need for nearly 30 years. She had to take a break from her work when she had an operation at 67 years old. However, she made it her goal to continue her mission as long as possible. Over the years, she has fed thousands and thousands. In addition to food, her front porch has become a spot for donations of shoes, clothing, and furniture from neighbors and others who know that people in need will visit the porch. 1．Which of the following can describe Devenport’s first act of kindness? A．It happened by accident. B．It benefited grocery stores. C．It inspired Devenport’s neighbors. D．It was supported by a local food bank. 2．What did Devenport do after knowing people’s reaction to the bread? A．She made more bread with her neighbors. B．She called on groceries to reduce waste. C．She determined to collect more bread. D．She invited more people to share the bread. 3．Why did the author mention a study in the third paragraph? A．To put forward a question to discuss. B．To explain the importance of food safety. C．To state the seriousness of food waste. D．To introduce a new opinion to readers. 4．What can we learn from the last paragraph? A．Devenport will stop her donation because of illness. B．Fewer and fewer people need Devenport’s help. C．More and more people start sharing goods at their porches. D．Devenport makes donation a thing of her life. 主题04 人与自然——环境保护 Passage 1 （23-24高一下·合肥一中·期中） We find the owl at the very edge of our woods the morning after the storm. Wings flight-frozen and round eyes glassy. I touch its feathers lightly with my fingertip and I’m surprised because they still feel real even though the owl has slipped away somewhere else and Dad is already digging a hole for it in the rain-soaked earth. I lift its body and it’s huge in my hands but the hollow bones do most of the work for me and I almost think the owl might shake the stiffness from its feathers and fly away. I really don’t think this one should go into a hole in the ground. I say that to Dad and he says that it’s the circle of life and that now the owl will become part of nature again. Feeding the soil with its flesh and growing the roots of plants from its feathers. Dad shifts the last of the dirt with his spade and sits down at the base of a tree with a huff of air that smokes around him. I put the bird in the hole and mark it with a smooth pebble so I’ll always know. After we’ve buried the owl, we walk all around the woods and clear the worst of the damage from the winds and the rain. The damage isn’t as bad as it’s been before and it feels like the storm has cleaned everything back to being new and fresh. I used my hawk eyes and searched the ground in flicks and sweeps and I find treasures in the rain-raked earth just like always. Pieces of pottery and something that could be a Roman coin. I slip them into my pocket and they bump against each other to tell their stories to me, but I’ll listen later. I help Dad load the best of the fallen branches onto the trailer so we can cut them for fire wood or maybe a bonfire, and then we drive over the muddy paths and back to our house. 1．What do we know about the owl when the author finds it? A．It is already dead. B．It is hidden in a hole. C．It is too stiff to fly away. D．It is trying to flee the woods. 2．Why does the author mark the hole with a pebble? A．To facilitate future visits. B．To show sympathy for the owl. C．To keep the site clear of plants. D．To draw the attention of passers-by. 3．What message does the author want to convey by mentioning the owl? A．Storms make trees take deeper roots. B．In nature’s embrace, time stands still. C．The darkest hour has only sixty minutes. D．With every leaf’s fall, a new life emerges. 4．What does “I’ll listen later” in paragraph 4 reveal about the author? A．Money-driven. B．Wonder-seeking. C．Artistically talented. D．Emotionally mature. Passage 2 （23-24高一下·六安一中·期中） I’m standing on a grassy slope, looking over the three-mile-long curve of Rhossili Bay, on the southwestern tip of the Gower Peninsula in Wales. Alongside eight others, I’m taken through a breathing exercise. Next, we close our eyes, shifting our attention to only what we can hear. We’re asked to identify the different noises, and I find myself relaxing as I unpack them: There is the wind and, further away, the sea’s waves. It’s mid-April and I’ve joined Mind Over Mountains, a charity that uses outdoor experiences hosted in places of natural beauty to support people’s mental health. At the start of today’s event, we form a small huddle (讲悄悄话游戏), where boundaries are set: This is a judgment-free space where we can share our experiences, but there is no pressure, nor are there any expectations. I am here, I tell them, because I’ve found hiking hugely beneficial for my own mental health these past few years. The pandemic (疫情) brought uncertainty into my life, as it did for many. But nature has been a balm: Going for a walk among some greenery or by water generally makes me feel a bit better about things. After about an hour of walking, we go down a steep slope onto Fall Bay, where I speak to Spray, who leads today’s mindfulness exercises. “When you’re walking next to somebody free from their life outside, it’s almost like a special bubble,” he says, as we look towards the north Devon coast and Lundy Island on the horizon. What I get most out of my time with Mind Over Mountains is not that walking in nature is a quick fix for mental health issues, because I don’t think one exists and the team stresses that this is not about trying to “fix” anyone. But it is a fulfilling experience. I leave reminded of the pure joy nature brings to my life, and how much comfort I find in talking and listening to others. That, and I’ve got a couple more breathing exercises to add to my repertoire. 1．What is the author doing as described in paragraph 1? A．Enjoying the scenic landscape. B．Engaging in mindfulness exercises. C．Appreciating the natural sounds. D．Embracing the fun of hiking. 2．Why did the author join Mind Over Mountains? A．To explore natural beauty. B．To escape from uncertainty. C．To improve mental health. D．To connect with other people. 3．What does the underlined word “balm” in paragraph 2 most probably mean? A．A safe heaven. B．A source of relief. C．A quick solution. D．A non-judgmental space. 4．How does the author find their experience with Mind Over Mountains? A．A rewarding journey. B．A means to fix oneself. C．A thrilling adventure. D．A life-changing experience. Passage 3 （24-25高一下·安徽阜阳·期中） A DAY IN THE CLOUDS The air is thin and we have to rest several times on the short hike from camp. To our left, snow-covered mountains disappear into clouds that seem almost close enough to touch. On the plain in front of us, we can just make out a herd of graceful animals. This is why we’re here — to observe Tibetan antelopes. Tibetan antelopes live on the plains of Tibet, Xinjiang, and Qinghai. Watching them move slowly across the green grass. I’m struck by their beauty. I’m also reminded of the danger they are in. They are being hunted, illegally, for their valuable fur. My guide is Zhaxi, a village from Changtang. He works at the Changtang National Nature Reserve. The reserve is a shelter for the animals and plants of northwestern Tibet. To Zhaxi, the land is sacred and protecting the wildlife is a way of life. “We’re not trying to save the animals,” he says. “Actually, we’re trying to save ourselves.” The 1980s and 1990s were bad times for the Tibetan antelope. The population dropped by more than 50 percent. Hunters were shooting antelopes to make profits. Their habitats were becoming smaller as new roads and railways were built. In order to save this species from extinction, the Chinese government placed it under national protection. Zhaxi and other volunteers watched over the antelopes day and night to keep them safe from attacks. Bridges and gates were added to let the antelopes move easily and keep them safe from cars and trains. The measures were effective. The antelope population has recovered and in June 2015, the Tibetan antelope was removed from the endangered species list. The government, however, does not intend to stop the protection programmes, since the threats to the Tibetan antelope have not yet disappeared. In the evening, I drink a cup of tea and watch the stars. I think about the antelopes and what Zhaxi told me. Much is being done to protect wildlife, but if we really want to save the planet, we must change our way of life. Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet. 1．Why did the author go on a hike? A．To enjoy the air there. B．To report the wildlife there. C．To watch the Tibetan antelopes. D．To admire the snow-covered mountains. 2．Why are large numbers of antelopes being hunted? A．They are beautiful. B．Their meat is delicious. C．Their fur is very valuable. D．They are a threat to other wildlife. 3．What can we know about Zhaxi from the text? A．He has built shelters for the wildlife in Changtang. B．He now shows tourists around Changtang as a guide. C．He makes a living by protecting the wildlife in Changtang. D．He thinks wildlife protection determines the existence of human beings. 4．What’s the author’s opinion about protecting our planet? A．We should work as volunteers. B．We should live in peace with nature. C．We should build more natural reserves. D．We should stop building new roads and railways. Passage 4 （24-25高一下·合肥八中·期中） Thomas Dambo, an environmental artist in Denmark, thinks big. In 2010, he started his first large-scale project: building birdhouses. He and his crew ended up creating 4,000 of them. Now he makes giant trolls (巨怪). So far, 59 trolls can be found at locations all around the world. His creations are made entirely from items people have thrown away, such as discarded wooden pallets, old fencing, and broken sheds. It’s important to him that he doesn’t add to the growing landfills (垃圾填埋场) on our planet. He thinks of discarded items as art supplies and a source of inspiration. As a kid, Thomas wanted to build all sorts of things, from a skateboard ramp (坡道) to a tree house in his backyard. He had lots of energy and creativity. The problem was that a kid doesn’t have the money to purchase supplies. He started to bike around the neighborhood looking for discarded wood, rope, and other items to create things. In 7th grade, a girl in his class gave him a good piece of advice. She told him that he should take a different route each day to experience something new. Thomas took her idea and learned all about his city of Copenhagen, Denmark. Today, Thomas still uses this idea of taking different routes as he searches for trash left out on curbs. Items such as wire, ropes, wooden pallets, metal, old chair rollers, and plastic containers are just waiting for him to think of a way to use them. If the items are small, he uses “Tingfinder,” his bicycle with a cart attached, to take home his “treasures”. He uses a truck for the larger items. “My advice is to think about what you really love to do and let that guide you. Keep moving in the direction you’d like to go.” said Thomas. 1．Why does Thomas prefer to use discarded items for his art? A．They are cheaper than new materials. B．They are more useful and attractive. C．He wants to reduce waste. D．He can find them more easily. 2．What advice did a girl in Thomas’s class give? A．Save money by using second-hand supplies. B．Explore new paths to discover something fresh. C．Focus on different ways to create things. D．Learn about his city before starting any project. 3．Which words can best describe Thomas? A．Adventurous and curious. B．Childish but imaginative. C．Changeable but hard-working. D．Responsible and creative. 4．What may be the best title for the passage? A．Sculpture: a unique hobby B．Trolls: a childhood dream C．Recycling: a creative journey D．Bicycling: an inspiring sport 主题01 人与社会——社会与文化 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·安庆二中·期中） As the daughter of immigrants, Chanthaphone’s primary language at home was Lao. At 5, she learned to speak English. But she didn’t know how to read and write - let alone how to fit in at school or communicate with classmates. Mrs. Lewis, Chanthaphone’s second-grade teacher, changed everything. She taught her students that it was OK if they did not know English, and it was all right for them to use words in their home language to explain how they were feeling or thinking. Chanthaphone got more and more confident and wanted to do what her teacher did in the future. Now, at 26, Chanthaphone is an English teacher at Fort Worth ISD's William Monnig Middle School. Like Mrs. Lewis, Chanthaphone aims to help her non-English-speaking students to gain the confidence they need to fulfill their potential in life. At the beginning of each school year, Chanthaphone recounts her story to her new classes. She tells them she knows what it feels like not to want to participate in class or raise her hand. She reminds them that she once sat in their seats and felt different because of her upbringing. But she stresses that’s what makes each of them special. Her students, though, are usually unconvinced. She has to take out photos of her graduating from college and tell them about her parents and what her school was like. Then it finally clicks. In the classroom, Chanthaphone allows students to communicate in whichever way they feel most comfortable. For some, it may be raising their hand and voicing their thoughts. For others, it may be writing their thoughts on a piece of paper and handing it to Chanthaphone. However, Chanthaphone does encourage her students to go out of their comfort zone. She wants them to work with students they don’t know because teamwork and collaboration with unfamiliar people is important. “I’ve always wanted to be the teacher who supported students and advocated for them in and outside of the classroom,” Chanthaphone said. “When I get notes or see Facebook posts from parents talking about previous teachers, including me, I feel like my goal has been completed.” 1．What do you know about Mrs. Lewis? A．She is ambitious B． She is inspiring. C．She is knowledgeable. D．She is demanding. 2．Why does Chanthaphone tell her schooling experience to her new students? A．To make a good beginning of her class. B．To make herself well-known to her students. C．To encourage her students to be confident. D．To push the students to voice their thoughts. 3．What does Chanthaphone focus on in the classroom? A．Students’ strong curiosity. B．Students’ mental health. C．Students’ unique talent. D．Students’ communication ability. 4．What can be the best title for the text? A．I was once like you B． You are the only one C．No one can say no to you D．Everything can be possible Passage 2 （23-24高一下·安徽宿州·期中） Linda, a sixteen-year-old girl, was a “violinist” of average level, who had basic violin playing skills but was neither particularly outstanding nor bad. She just learned to play the violin at the request of her father. This year, the school music festival came on time. As usual, Linda accompanied the lead singer with her violin, and the rehearsals (彩排) went well. During a break, noticing Linda always plays her violin, a teacher asked Linda if she would sing a song. But Linda refused, saying that she had never sung in public places because she was not good at it. The teacher told her, “Each of us seems to have something that we are not good at, but as long as we are brave enough to try, there may be surprises.” Linda still didn’t have the courage, and the teacher encouraged her again, “You are a brave girl, and I believe you can try your best.” Thrilled and nervous, Linda finally chose to sing Mystery of Life. Everyone was surprised by her voice. She had such a talent for singing! All the students cheered for her! Without such an unexpected opportunity and that teacher, she might have never found her gift. Now she has become one of the best-known singers in her city. Everyone has some talent. If you think you have no talent, you either haven’t discovered yours yet or don’t consider it a talent because it’s not all that useful. You may be able to build a huge house of cards, but you don’t think it’s a talent. With confidence and effort, some skills can be unlocked and improved. In your life, you should be brave and confident enough to try doing different things and find out what talents you really have. 1． Linda chose to sing because ______ A. The teacher encouraged her to sing. B．she got lots of applause that night. C. She wanted to show everyone her talent. D．she didn’t want to play the violin that night. 2． What do you think of the teacher? A．Strict and sensitive. B．Kind and patient. C．Rude and unfriendly. D．Honest and humorous. 3． What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．Building a huge house of cards isn’t a talent. B．Confidence and effort help find talent. C．All skills can be unlocked and improved. D．Not everyone in the world has a talent. 4． What’s the main idea of the text? A．It’s important to encourage others. B．The story of a song, Mystery of Life. C．A violinist became a famous singer. D．We should find out our real talent. Passage 3 （23-24高一下·安庆一中·期中） Growing up in Ukraine, Vadim didn’t know what it was like to live in a safe, stable home. His parents were alcoholics who would often beat him. They’d even put him into a wine container, breaking his little body and leaving only a small opening at the top so he could breathe and see—but only just a little. By the time Vadim turned 9, he was living in an orphanage (孤儿院). Unfortunately, as is the case with far too many little ones, his life only got worse there. Not only was he hurt, but he was placed in a room on the third floor, making it impossible to get downstairs in a wheelchair. This left Vadim crawling up and down the stairs, an activity that was both physically and mentally tiring. He’d often be late for meals. If the food wasn’t already gone by the time he arrived, other kids would steal from him. Then, a chain effect began when some special folks visited the orphanage. They told him a story about a spiritual figure who advocated love and forgiveness. This conversation helped the 14-year-old find his faith and, in turn, he had more hope than he ever had before. Today, Vadim is no longer the boy subject to fate. He is a father to his own kids, and his life couldn’t be more different or better. Over the years, he’s discovered a gift for expressing himself through art. This inspired Tim Tebow Foundation, an organization fighting for the most vulnerable (脆弱的) people around the world, to ask if he’d like to create a piece that represented what it looked and felt like for him to have gone from “darkness to light.” The result? A truly remarkable painting that features Vadim, in his wheelchair, leaving behind his old home, including the wine container his parents put him in. His new direction includes a beautiful forest full of fall leaves and bright light, showing the hope he is said to have found in the inspiring story. 1．According to the passage, Vadim’s parents treated him ________. A．terribly B．forgivingly C．thoughtfully D．strictly 2．Why did Vadim crawl up and down the stairs when living in the orphanage? A．Because his little roommates often did damage to his wheelchair. B．Because other children would take his meal without permission. C．Because he couldn’t use the wheelchair to go downstairs from a high floor. D．Because getting downstairs was demanding for him physically and mentally. 3．The phrase “a chain effect ” in paragraph 4 refers to _________. A．an effective treatment for Vadim’s disability B．a series of positive changes occurring in Vadim’s life C．a sense of hope from the story of a spiritual figure D．a helping hand from Tim Tebow Foundation 4．What is the message that Vadim wants to convey in his remarkable painting? A．He says goodbye to the past and harvests happiness. B．He admires the beauty and harmony of nature. C．He excels in delicate painting techniques. D．He leads a miserable life with his own kids. Passage 4 （24-25高一下·安徽·期中） When she was ten years old, Isadora Duncan dropped out of school to teach people dance. If that job was left to any other ten-year-old, it would have turned out frustrating, difficult, and a little discouraging. But Duncan was different. Not only was she already talented enough to earn money even at that age, but she also had a rare kind of confidence that helped her treat troubles as fuel —something to elevate the fire that is already burning inside of her. It’s no surprise, then, that when she moved to New York to join a theatre company, she found herself restricted. The existing dancing style, their way of operating—all of this seemed to her the work of a misguided past. Duncan was very direct about what she wanted, confidently telling people she had a different vision of dance that she was going to spread in the world. This, naturally, led to ridicule and laughs early on, but as she built up her work, these instances became less frequent. Today, she is remembered as “The Mother of Dance,” with much of the modern art owing its expressive style to her influence. Inspired by the ancient Greeks, she brought the style to life. In her autobiography (自传), one of the things Duncan frequently refers to as the basis of her expressive spirit is the fact that she had a childhood when she wasn’t constantly watched. The expectations of her mother (who raised her) were open-ended. It was the freedom of this lifestyle that drove her to see what she could do. Growing up, before she left school, she was told one of two things: that she was either completely useless or that she was a genius. There was nothing in between. Even when she started working, people either bowed to her or they basically ignored her. But there wasn’t one moment Duncan doubted her own genius. There is an old quotation, “If you judge a fish by its ability to climb a tree, it will live its whole life believing that it is stupid.” And it captures an important truth. At school, Isadora Duncan was a failure. In the dance hall, she gave form to brilliance. 1．What does the underlined phrase “treat troubles as fuel” mean? A．Duncan used troubles to push her forward towards her dream. B．Duncan was good at burning away everyday troubles. C．Troubles turned Duncan into a confident girl. D．Troubles lit the fire of dancing in Duncan. 2．Which of the following is TRUE about Duncan? A．Her experience in New York was the foundation of her career. B．Her teaching job when she was little destroyed her confidence. C．Her dancing style was not very well received at the beginning. D．Her mother set higher expectations on her than she could bear. 3．What does the author try to tell the readers in the last paragraph? A．It is useless to climb a tree to catch fish. B．Everybody is a genius in his own way. C．Miseries come from human stupidity. D．Teachers can impact students greatly. 4．What is this passage mainly about? A．Isadora Duncan’s childhood and her achievements today. B．Duncan’s career development and other dancers’ opinions of her. C．Isadora Duncan’s early experiences and the reasons for her success. D．Duncan’s high status in the dancing world and her unique expressive style. Passage 5 （24-25高一下·安庆一中·期中） As Alexandria Country Day School’s sixth-graders created small 3D printed villages to address homelessness, they learned lessons far beyond technology. “It Takes a Village” began as a project for a science class — inspired by life-size 3D printed homes built by Austin, Texas-based technology company Icon, whose aim is to make affordable housing accessible to everyone. The tech-focused project quickly developed into an exercise to bring about lasting change, said science teacher Alison McDonald. “When most people think of helping the homeless, they think of food and clothing drives,” said Juliet Galicia, 11. While necessary, those are temporary solutions. Even housing by itself is not a complete solution. In designing their leave-homelessness-behind neighborhoods, shelters, food stores, and schools came first. But to build a sense of belonging and purpose, the communities also emphasised areas for frequent interaction among residents. “We wanted to include extras that would make it feel more like a real community,” said Luke Wazorko, 11. “They get it!” said Amber Fogarty, president of Mobile Loaves & Fishes, a non-profit organization dealing with homelessness in Austin, after learning about the sixth-graders’ project. “The biggest cause of long-term homelessness is a loss in family relationships,” she said. “Housing alone will never solve homelessness, but the community will. People need a place where they are known and loved.” Many companies around the world are experimenting with this technology. So far, only interior (内部的) and exterior walls are 3D printed. A team of three to four people completes that task using a computer app and monitors the process. Roofing, doors, windows, and finishing still need carpenters (木工), electricians, and painters. Designs are adaptable to individual preferences. Amber Fogarty said, “It’s a journey of discovery. We don’t know what the future holds for this new technology, but we’re excited about its innovative possibilities.” 1．What gave the sixth-graders the idea of starting the project? A．The technology of an organization. B．People’s need for affordable homes. C．3D printed homes made by a company. D．Suggestions from their science teacher. 2．What can we infer about the project from Paragraph 3? A．It was too expensive for the homeless. B． It aimed to create a sense of community. C．It found a solution to housing problems. D．It hardly considers people’s daily needs. 3．What did Amber Fogarty think of the project? A．It showed that the homeless were cared for. B．It collected a lot of money for the homeless. C．It provided a chance for the homeless to work. D．It made people in the community accept the homeless. 4．What would be the best title for the text? A．3D printed homes set a good example for future homes B．Homeless people receive plenty of help from organizations C．Showing kindness to the homeless is important in the community D．Students use 3D printing to create a community for the homeless 主题02 人与自我——生活与学习 Passage 1 （23-24高一下·安庆二中·期中） My father loves his garden. He planted some seeds in it. But at that time, I didn’t understand why working in the dirt excited him so much. Unfortunately, in early May, my father was seriously injured in an accident. He had to stay in bed for a while. My mother had several business trips, so she couldn’t take care of the garden. I didn’t want my father to worry, so I said that I would take care of his garden until he recovered. I assumed that the little plants would continue to grow as long as they had water, and luckily it rained fairly often, so I didn’t think much about the garden. One Saturday morning, my father said to me, “Christine, the vegetables should be about ready to be picked. Let’s have a salad today!” I went out to the garden and was upset to see that many of the lettuce leaves and carrots had been half eaten by bugs. There were hundreds of bugs all over them! I panicked for a moment but then I quietly went to the nearest store to buy some vegetables. When I gave the salad to him, he said, “Oh, Christine, what a beautiful salad! I can’t believe the carrots are this big already. You must be taking very good care of my garden. I felt a little bit guilty. Coming home, my mother saw the bag from the supermarket in the kitchen. I was embarrassed and I admitted, “Dad wanted a salad, but the garden was a disaster. I didn’t want to disappoint him, so I went to the store.” She laughed but promised to help me in the garden and weeks later I was finally able to pick some. I carefully made a salad and took it to my father. He looked at it with a hint of a smile. “Christine, the carrots are smaller in this salad, but they taste better.” Now, I better understand how putting a lot of effort into caring for something can help you appreciate the results more, however small they may be. Perhaps this was one of the reasons for my father’s love of gardening. 1．Why did Christine originally promise she would do the gardening? A．She was asked by her father to do it. B．She was interested in growing vegetables. C．She wanted to improve her gardening skills. D．She knew it was important to her father. 2．Which of the following was a problem in the garden? A．Animals often dug holes in the garden. B．Insects destroyed the lettuce and carrots. C．The plants were given too much water. D．The vegetables were marked incorrectly. 3．Why could Christine secretly make the salad from store-bought vegetables? A．Her father couldn’t see the garden’s progress. B．Her mother regularly helped her to make a spray. C．Her mother helped her to buy the vegetables. D．Her father went on a business trip at that time. 4．What did Christine learn through her experience of gardening? A．Always get ready for a rainy day. B．Don’t be disappointed by bugs. C．Hard work can often be rewarding. D．Working alone produces results. Passage 2 （24-25高一下·合肥六中·期中） As I was engaged in cutting lettuce in the kitchen, it suddenly occurred to me that I had seen a video on regrowing a whole new lettuce from its stub by placing it in water. Without hesitation, I took out a wide-mouthed mug, put the lettuce stub into it, added some water, and then set it near the window. On a snowy morning, I spotted the first sign of life. A small leaf began to stretch out from its center, like a tiny green flag of hope — beaten, yet not defeated. Within just a few days, the cuts where I had removed the leaves were no longer visible; the growth was incredibly rapid. When I lifted the blossoming head out of the mug, tiny root threads fell down, reaching for the soil. Lettuce or hope? Put in the lettuce’s position, I’d likely be doubtful initially, carefully sizing up my new environment before wholeheartedly diving into the process of growing. But this lettuce didn’t need much — just a bit of water and a place near the window is enough to decide it was going to thrive again. It grew in a mug of water, in faith. This is the heart of this lettuce: alive, strong and fearless. It deserved a name .I decided to call it Monty. Monty wanted to grow, as we all do. I think I gave him a little love and freedom. Those two ingredients were all he needed to return to himself. I see joy in this lettuce. The return to self is always an expression of joy, which is life itself. With the right ingredients, this is the tendency of all living things. Monty still lives in a mug, but I’m going to transplant him outside. He deserves to become his full self. The only problem I see now is my capacity to support Monty. I hope I have enough of a green finger. I’m surprised to find myself where I am. Maybe Monty is, too. I have the same choice as he does: give in and decay (腐烂),or start again. The prospect of starting again is discouraging. But my lettuce-friend, Monty, leads the way. I can only hope to be as brave. 1．Why did the author put the stub in water? A．To hope that it would grow. B．To decorate the nice mug C．To conduct an experiment. D．To remove his bad mood. 2．What is the first sign of life in the author’s eyes? A．The remaining stub. B．The small leaf. C．The disappearing cuts. D．The tiny root threads. 3．How would the author feel if in the lettuce’s situation? A．Hesitant. B．Fearless. C．Confident. D．Annoyed. 4．Which can be a suitable title of the passage? A．Enjoy your own life to the fullest. B．Believe in yourself when in trouble. C．Never be afraid to restart yourself. D．Give freedom to the heart in a way. 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02 阅读理解（记叙文） 主题01 人与社会——旅游 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·安徽芜湖·期中） After graduating from college, I moved to a new state to start a full-time job. One day, I found myself wanting to go traveling, and it was the perfect opportunity to travel by myself for the first time in my life. So I quickly started doing research on where I’d like to go. I had never traveled alone before, so I decided to sign up for a guided group that was going to Thailand. This gave me a sense of security. It felt like a great way not only to try being alone and meeting strangers, but also to do something that sounded really fun for two weeks. The Thailand trip forced me out of so many comfort zones (舒适区) that ended up being one of the biggest turning points of my life. The time I spent in Thailand finding my way around airports and taxis alone, meeting a group of strangers, and doing rock climbing with them in remote parts of the country, ended up being one of the greatest experiences of my life. Up until this point, I had always been shy and very careful to avoid danger and mistakes, but this travel experience inspired me to become different. It showed me a brave, strong, and independent side of myself that went on to influence my life greatly when I returned home. When I got back, I devoted my life to spending as much time as possible doing activities like climbing, hiking, or backpacking, especially things that I once thought I wasn’t “able to do” or was “too scared of.” Today, about 6 years later, I’m an outdoor empowerment (许可) coach and backpacking educator. My trip to Thailand was just what I needed to make that change. It showed me what was possible. It changed the path of my life. 1．What did the author do after graduation? A．He acted as a travel guide. B．He set up a business of his own. C．He refused a job offer and travelled. D．He applied for a position and was accepted. 2．Why did the author sign up for a guided group? A．To save some of his money. B．To make sure of his safety. C．To explore more in Thailand. D．To accompany his colleagues. 3．How did the author change after the trip to Thailand? A．He got a bit sadder. B．He turned a little shyer. C．He was far more careful. D．He became less afraid of risks 4．What outdoor activities did the author engage in after he returned from Thailand? ①Climbing ②Horse riding. ③Hiking. ④Car racing. ⑤Backpacking A．①③⑤ B．②③④ C．③④⑤ D．①②③ 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．D 4．A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者人生中第一次独自旅行给作者带来的改变，它改变了作者的人生轨迹。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段中“After graduating from college, I moved to a new state to start a full-time job.”（大学毕业后，我搬到一个新的州开始全职工作）可推知，作者毕业后申请了一个职位，并被接受录用了。故选D项。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中“I had never traveled alone before, so I decided to sign up for a guided group that was going to Thailand. This gave me a sense of security.”（我以前从未独自旅行过，所以我决定报名参加一个有导游的旅行团去泰国。这给了我一种安全感。）可知，作者报名参加导游团是为了确保他的安全。故选B项。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Up until this point I had always been shy and very careful to avoid danger and mistakes, but this travel experience inspired me to become different. It showed me a brave, strong, and independent side of myself that went on to influence my life greatly when I returned home.”（在此之前，我一直很害羞，非常小心地避免危险和错误，但这次旅行经历激发了我变得与众不同。它向我展示了我勇敢、坚强和独立的一面，这在我回国后对我的生活产生了很大的影响）以及第四段中“When I got back, I devoted my life to spending as much time as possible doing activities like climbing, hiking, or backpacking especially things that I once thought I wasn’t “able to do” or was “too scared of.””（当我回来的时候，我把我的生活投入到尽可能多的时间去做一些活动，比如爬山、徒步旅行或背包旅行，尤其是那些我曾经认为我“不能做”或“太害怕”的事情）可知，作者在泰国之行后的变化是变得不那么害怕冒险了。故选D项。 4．细节理解题。根据第四段中“When I got back, I devoted my life to spending as much time as possible doing activities like climbing, hiking, or backpacking especially things that I once thought I wasn’t “able to do” or was “too scared of.””（当我回来的时候，我把我的生活投入到尽可能多的时间去做一些活动，比如爬山、徒步旅行或背包旅行，尤其是那些我曾经认为我“不能做”或“太害怕”的事情）可知，作者从泰国回来后进行的户外活动有爬山、徒步旅行和背包旅行。结合各个选项意思可知，A项符合题意。故选A项。 主题02 人与自我——生活与学习 Passage 1 （23-24高一下·合肥六校联盟·期中） Most people who ran the marathon last month spent days before resting up and days after recovering. But not Jacky Hunt-Broersma. In total, she ran 104 marathons in 104 days. If it’s confirmed by Guinness World Records, that would be a new world record. And she did it all with one leg and a prosthesis (假肢). “Someone able-bodied had done it previously. I wanted to see if I could do it on a prosthetic leg and see what would happen,” she said. “I thought it would be a great way to inspire others to push their limits because I truly believe that we’re stronger than what we think. And I’ve been so pleasantly surprised that my body is held up, everything is held up and I’ve made it to 104.” She actually did not pick up the sport until after she lost the lower part of her left leg in 2001 to a type of cancer called Ewing sarcoma. Runners using a prosthetic leg can’t use a regular one. They need a running blade (刀锋式跑步义肢). Hunt-Broersma has two, but she was only able to run with one because of the swelling she experienced in her left leg that made it impossible to connect to the other blade. But even with the pain that occurred, she has been able to put up with it and continue. Altogether, Hunt-Broersma ran over 4, 385 kilometers. During that time, she has had a lot of time to think and has learned a few things about herself. “It has taught me how strong one can be and how important absolute determination is. If you’re mentally strong, you can do anything,” she said. “And our bodies are just amazing...This whole journey was impressive and super hard, but it’s taught me how strong I can be as a person and how far I can push myself.” 1．Why did Hunt-Broersma decide to run marathons? A．She wanted to set a new record. B．She intended to challenge herself. C．She was driven by her interest. D．She was inspired by people like her. 2．What difficulty did Hunt-Broersma meet with? A．She didn’t get professional training. B．She found it hard to keep her balance. C．She suffered discomfort in her left leg. D．She couldn’t use regular running blades. 3．What message does the author express through the story? A．Rome wasn’t built in a day. B．Time works wonders. C．A good beginning is half the battle. D．Nothing is impossible to a willing heart. 4．What may be the author’s attitude towards Hunt-Broersma? A．Annoyed. B．Concerned C．Admiring. D．Humorous. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Jacky Hunt-Broersma虽然由于癌症而左腿截肢，但是借助假肢连续104天跑104场马拉松的励志故事。 1．推理判断题。根据第二段中“‘Someone able-bodied had done it previously. I wanted to see if I could do it on a prosthetic leg and see what would happen,’ she said.(她说：‘以前有一个身体健全的人做过这种事。我想看看我是否可以用假腿做这件事，看看会发生什么。’)”可知，Hunt-Broersma决定跑马拉松是为了挑战自己。故选B项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Runners using a prosthetic leg can’t use a regular one. They need a running blade (刀锋式跑步义肢). Hunt-Broersma has two, but she was only able to run with one because of the swelling she experienced in her left leg that made it impossible to connect to the other blade. But even with the pain that occurred, she has been able to put up with it and continued.(使用假肢的跑步者不能使用普通的假肢。他们需要一个刀锋式跑步义肢。Hunt-Broersma有两个刀锋式跑步义肢，但她只能用其中一个，因为她左腿肿胀，无法连接到另一把刀。但即使发生了痛苦，她也能够忍受并继续下去。)”可知，Hunt-Broersma在跑马拉松时，要忍受左腿肿胀带来的不适和痛苦。故选C项。 3．推理判断题。通读全文，根据第三段中“But even with the pain that occurred, she has been able to put up with it and continued.(但即使发生了痛苦，她也能够忍受并继续下去。)”和最后一段中“‘It has taught me how strong one can be and how important absolute determination is. If you’re mentally strong, you can do anything,’ she said. ‘And our bodies are just amazing...This whole journey was impressive and super hard, but it’s told me how strong I can be as a person and how far I can push myself.’(‘它教会了我一个人可以有多坚强，以及绝对的决心有多重要。如果你内心强大，你可以做任何事情，’她说。‘我们的身体真是太棒了……整个旅程令人印象深刻，也非常艰难，但它告诉我，作为一个人，我可以有多强大，我可以把自己逼到多远。’)”可知，作者通过Hunt-Broersma的故事告诉读者只要有坚定意志与决心，只要我们迎难而上，坚持不懈，就能取得成功，因此作者通过这个故事表达了“有志者事竟成”的哲理。故选D项。 4．推理判断题。通读全文，根据第一段“Most people who ran the marathon last month spent days before resting up and days after recovering. But not Jacky Hunt-Broersma. In total, she ran 104 marathons in 104 days. If it’s confirmed by Guinness World Records, that would be a new world record. And she did it all with one leg and a prosthesis (假肢).(上个月跑马拉松的大多数人在赛前休息了几天时间，在赛后恢复了几天时间。但Jacky Hunt-Broersma不是。她总共在104天内跑了104场马拉松。如果吉尼斯世界纪录证实，这将是一项新的世界纪录。她用一条腿和一个假肢完成了这一切。)”和第二段中“‘Someone able-bodied had done it previously. I wanted to see if I could do it on a prosthetic leg and see what would happen,’ she said.(她说：‘以前有一个身体健全的人做过这种事。我想看看我是否可以用假腿做这件事，看看会发生什么。’)”和第三段中“But even with the pain that occurred, she has been able to put up with it and continued.(但即使发生了痛苦，她也能够忍受并继续下去。)”以及最后一段中“‘It has taught me how strong one can be and how important absolute determination is. If you’re mentally strong, you can do anything,’ she said. ‘And our bodies are just amazing...This whole journey was impressive and super hard, but it’s told me how strong I can be as a person and how far I can push myself.’(‘它教会了我一个人可以有多坚强，以及绝对的决心有多重要。如果你内心强大，你可以做任何事情，’她说。‘我们的身体真是太棒了……整个旅程令人印象深刻，也非常艰难，但它告诉我，作为一个人，我可以有多强大，我可以把自己逼到多远。’)”可知，Hunt-Broersma勇于挑战自己，努力克服身体不适和痛苦以及她的感悟，由此推知，作者对Hunt-Broersma的态度是钦佩赞赏的。故选C项。 Passage 2 （24-25高一下·安徽滁州·期中） Mary Kay Ash has a truly inspiring success story. She was born in a small town in Texas and got married and started a family at the young age of 17. She went on to have three children with her husband who was a soldier, but their marriage eventually broke up. Mary Kay struggled for years to take care of her children on her own. But she took on various sales jobs in the direct selling industry, aiming to rise in her career. However, after many years of selling various products, along with a few middle management and trainer roles, she started to feel like she was being overlooked for more prominent (杰出的) leadership roles because she was a woman. As such, she finally decided to take matters into her own hands. Once her kids were out of the house and on their own, at the age of 45, Mary Kay Ash decided to become her own boss. She started her own cosmetic (化妆品) company. She started off very small, but in just a few short years, she managed to turn Mary Kay Cosmetics into a multi-billion dollar company that still serves and empowers people all over the world to this day. Despite her age, Mary Kay went on to author many best-selling books like The Mary Kay Way, Miracles Happen, You Can Have It All, as well as a few others, and she became an inspiration to countless women. Due to the success of her business and her aim to inspire as many people as possible, she became a multi-millionaire and was named as “The Greatest Woman in American History”. 1．What did Mary Kay do after her marriage broke up? A．She restarted a new family. B．She managed to become a soldier. C．She worked hard to raise her kids. D．She created a children’s story. 2．Why did Mary Kay decide to start her own business? A．To author more best-selling books. B．To inspire countless women in the US. C．To help her children to find jobs. D．To prove herself in a leadership role. 3．What are the last two paragraphs mainly about? A．Advances in cosmetic products. B．Mary Kay’s achievements. C．Admirable businesswomen. D．Mary Kay’s family background. 4．What can we infer about Mary Kay? A．She is a strong-willed person. B．She loves reading history books. C．She enjoys teaching children. D．She is quite good at telling jokes. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Mary Kay Ash从一位单身母亲成长为化妆品帝国创始人的故事，她的事迹激励了无数女性。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Mary Kay struggled for years to take care of her children on her own.(Mary Kay多年来独自努力照顾她的孩子们)”可知，Mary Kay在离婚后努力工作来抚养她的孩子们。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“However, after many years of selling various products, along with a few middle management and trainer roles, she started to feel like she was being overlooked for more prominent (杰出的) leadership roles because she was a woman. As such, she finally decided to take matters into her own hands.(然而，在销售各种产品多年，并担任过一些中层管理和培训师的角色后，她开始觉得自己因为是个女人而被忽视了更杰出的领导角色。因此，她最终决定自己动手)”可知，Mary Kay决定自己创业是为了在领导岗位上证明自己。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“She started off very small, but in just a few short years, she managed to turn Mary Kay Cosmetics into a multi-billion dollar company that still serves and empowers people all over the world to this day.(她起初的生意规模很小，但在短短几年内，她就成功地将玫琳凯化妆品公司发展成了一家价值数十亿美元的企业，时至今日，这家公司仍在为全球各地的人们提供服务，并赋予他们力量)”以及最后一段的“Despite her age, Mary Kay went on to author many best-selling books like The Mary Kay Way, Miracles Happen, You Can Have It All, as well as a few others, and she became an inspiration to countless women.(尽管年事已高，Mary Kay还是继续创作了许多畅销书，如《The Mary Kay Way》、《Miracles Happen》、《You Can Have It All》等，她成为了无数女性的榜样)”可知，最后两段主要讲的是Mary Kay的成就。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据第一段“Mary Kay Ash has a truly inspiring success story.(Mary Kay Ash有一个真正鼓舞人心的成功故事)”以及结合全文可知，文章主要讲述了Mary Kay Ash的个人经历，她年轻时结婚生子，后来婚姻破裂，她独自抚养孩子，并在直销行业从事销售工作多年，但始终没有得到重要的领导职位。最终，她决定自己创业，并成功创立了自己的化妆品公司，成为了千万富翁，并被誉为“美国历史上最伟大的女性”。可推知，Mary Kay是一个意志坚强的人。故选A。 Passage 3 （24-25高一下·淮南二中·期中） Earlier this year, I was looking for part-time work. Moonmilk, a cake and ice cream shop nearby, was hiring, so I went in for a trial shift (轮班). While I originally just set out to earn some extra money during the summer, the bonds and memories I made there turned out to be more valuable than any paycheck. Once, a man who works for the union of the local movie theater came in to place an order. He wanted a cake to celebrate a victory he’d had in stopping the theater from being kicked out by its landlord. Moonmilk’s owner was touched by the story and refused payment for the cake. Later, the union leader — so moved by the gesture — delivered free movie tickets to Moonmilk staff. The older women customers are among my favorites. Their concern is poignant; they often wonder if I’m Okay and tell me I look tired. One regular, always alone and smiling, is kind and generous, always declaring we have the best ice cream in the city. There’s also the guy who comes frequently to ask if we have the chocolate orange flavor — that we only ever have at Christmas. I always have to say no, but his persistence brings me joy, especially on days when I’m tired. As with any job, there are unpleasant moments. My wrist often hurts from repeatedly scooping out ice cream, and it’s always annoying when a group of people come in and take way too long to order, holding up all the others waiting. Worse still,in the fall, my full-time job’s schedule becomes more demanding and I know I’ll have to scale back my shifts. I will run into my favorite customers less often. But my experience working at Moonmilk has offered much more than just a paycheck. It has helped me feel more connected to my local community. The interactions and connections I’ve made will sustain me until at least next summer. 1．What initially drew the author to work at Moonmilk? A．A love for cake and ice cream. B．The chance to earn extra money. C．A personal connection to the shop. D．The manager’s engaging personality. 2．What does the underlined word “poignant” in paragraph 2 most probably mean? A．Heartwarming. B．Surprising. C．Distracting. D．Embarrassing. 3．What trouble does the author encounter at work? A．Bad-tasting ice cream. B．Far-off job destination. C．Constant physical pain. D．Numerous customer demands. 4．What lasting effect does the job at Moonmilk have on the author? A．Renewed purpose awareness. B．Strengthened social participation. C．Advanced financial independence. D．Improved working competence. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在Moonmilk蛋糕和冰淇淋店兼职的经历，以及这份工作给作者带来的感受和影响。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“While I originally just set out to earn some extra money during the summer, the bonds and memories I made there turned out to be more valuable than any paycheck.(虽然我最初只是打算在夏天赚些外快，但我在那里建立的纽带和回忆比任何薪水都更有价值。)”可知，最初吸引作者去Moonmilk工作的是赚外快的机会。故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据下文“they often wonder if I’m Okay and tell me I look tired.(她们经常问我是否还好，并告诉我我看起来很累。)”可知，这些年长的女顾客很关心作者，所以她们的关心应该是令人心暖的。由此可知，poignant意为“令人心暖的”。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“My wrist often hurts from repeatedly scooping out ice cream.(我的手腕经常因为反复舀冰淇淋而疼痛。)”可知，作者在工作中遇到的麻烦是持续的身体疼痛。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“It has helped me feel more connected to my local community. The interactions and connections I’ve made will sustain me until at least next summer.(它让我感觉自己与当地社区的联系更加紧密。我所建立的互动和联系至少会持续到明年夏天。)”可知，在Moonmilk的工作对作者的持久影响是增强了社会参与。故选B。 主题03 人与社会——社会与文化 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·安徽蚌埠·期中） When Andres Valencia starts drawing at school, his friends gather around to watch. And they are not the only ones who have noticed his talent. Andres has surprised the art world as Andres by making his first global auction (拍卖). The Californian art talent first picked up a paintbrush when he was five and now sells his pieces for tens of thousands of dollars. He has even been called “Little Picasso”. He uses a stepladder (折梯) to create his larger works and his talent was found early by his parents, Guadalupe, a lawyer, and Elsa, a jewelry designer. They encouraged his work, which is influenced by Pablo Picasso, but just wanted him to enjoy painting. “To be quite honest, we try not to talk too much about it in front of him,” Mr. Valencia, his father, told CNN. “We certainly don’t refer to him as talent or anything like that. We just keep it simple with him. At home, he just does his art.” Mr. Valencia said that he and his wife had resisted calls to homeschool their son so that he could focus more on painting. “We want him to go to school like a normal kid,” he said. “And because he’s a primary school student, he’s not like a lot of artists, who spend six, eight, or ten hours a day painting. He paints after school and on weekends, and he also plays with his friends.” Andres earned global recognition at Miami Art Week. Art Miami director Nick Korniloff said that experts were impressed before they knew Andres’ age. Mr. Korniloff said, “We’ve had everybody attend our shows, all great famous persons, and personalities, but this little boy brought down the house.” Mr. Korniloff was unwilling to predict how much the primary school student’s work may be worth to future investors but was positive that it would last “His works are as good as anything else I’ve seen in a long career,” he said. 1．What was Andres Valencia’s parents’ expectation of him? A．He could focus on his study. B．He could become another Picasso. C．He could enjoy himself painting. D．He could be famous at an early age. 2．Why did Andres Valencia’s parents refuse to homeschool their son? A．They had little time to help him study. B．They wanted him to live a normal life. C．They wanted more people to know his talent. D．They planned to make him paint for longer hours. 3．What did Mr. Korniloff think about Andres Valencia’s future? A．He expressed his confidence. B．He showed no interest. C．He voiced his doubts. D．He expressed his disappointment. 4．What is the main idea of the text? A．A little boy brought about a change in drawing. B．A little boy turned his interest into a career. C．A little boy excited the world with his paintings. D．A little boy’s works were put up for global auction. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了年轻的艺术家Andres Valencia的故事，他五岁开始画画，作品深受艺术界认可，被称为“Little Picasso”，同时文章也展示了他父母对他成长的态度和期望，以及Art Miami总监Nick Korniloff对他的高度评价。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“They encouraged his work, which is influenced by Pablo Picasso, but just wanted him to enjoy painting.(他们鼓励他的工作，受到了Pablo Picasso的影响，但只是想让他享受绘画的乐趣)”可知，Andres Valencia的父母希望他能享受绘画的过程。故选C项。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“Mr. Valencia said that he and his wife had resisted calls to homeschool their son so that he could focus more on painting. “We want him to go to school like a normal kid,” he said.(Valencia先生说，他和他的妻子抵制了让儿子在家上学的呼吁，这样他就可以更专注于绘画。“我们希望他像普通孩子一样上学。”他说)”可知，Andres Valencia的父母拒绝让他在家上学是因为他们希望他过正常的生活。故选B项。 3．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“Mr. Korniloff was unwilling to predict how much the primary school student’s work may be worth to future investors but was positive that it would last “His works are as good as anything else I’ve seen in a long career,” he said.(Korniloff先生不愿预测这位小学生的作品将来对投资者的价值，但他确信这将持久。“他的作品和我在漫长职业生涯中所见过的任何作品一样好。”他说)”可知，Korniloff先生对Andres Valencia的未来持自信态度。故选A项。 4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“When Andres Valencia starts drawing at school, his friends gather around to watch. And they are not the only ones who have noticed his talent. Andres has surprised the art world as Andres by making his first global auction(当安德雷斯·瓦伦西亚在学校开始画画时，他的朋友们围过来观看。他们并不是唯一注意到他天赋的人。安德雷斯以他的第一次全球拍卖让艺术界感到惊讶)”、第四段中的“Mr. Valencia said that he and his wife had resisted calls to homeschool their son so that he could focus more on painting. “We want him to go to school like a normal kid,” he said.(Valencia先生说，他和他的妻子抵制了让儿子在家上学的呼吁，这样他就可以更专注于绘画。“我们希望他像普通孩子一样上学。”他说)”以及最后一段中的“Mr. Korniloff was unwilling to predict how much the primary school student’s work may be worth to future investors but was positive that it would last “His works are as good as anything else I’ve seen in a long career,” he said.(Korniloff先生不愿预测这位小学生的作品将来对投资者的价值，但他确信这将持久。“他的作品和我在漫长职业生涯中所见过的任何作品一样好。”他说)”可知，全文围绕着年轻的艺术家Andres Valencia展开，讲述了他五岁开始画画，作品深受艺术界认可，被称为“Little Picasso”。文章不仅介绍了他的才华，也展示了他父母对他成长的态度和期望，以及Art Miami总监Nick Korniloff对他的高度评价。C项“A little boy excited the world with his paintings(一个小孩用他的画作让世界为之惊叹)”最能概括文章主题。故选C项。 Passage 2 （23-24高一下·马鞍山二中·期中） Around 30 years ago, while collecting baked goods from a grocery store in Salt Lake City for a local food bank, Shauna Devenport noticed the waste of hundreds of pieces of bread that were only a day or two past their expiration date (有效期). She then requested the bread that would otherwise be thrown away, placing it on her front porch (门廊) and inviting anyone in need to take as much as they required. Devenport repeated this process and observed the response: “I’d put it out and an hour or so later, it was gone... People would show up from all over. I saw there was a real need out there.” She then approached her neighbors and asked them to assist her in collecting the store’s bread every day, and around twelve agreed to help. As reported in a recent US Department of Agriculture study, about 40% of the US food supply is wasted yearly. Besides expired bread, a variety of food items were being thrown away, such as bad-looking produce, canned goods, and even muscle-building drinks. Devenport explained that grocery stores often refuse to sell items that are beyond their “sell-by” dates, even though they may still be safe to eat. Devenport believes in the importance of minimizing waste and she added, “I’ve never heard of anyone getting sick from something they’ve taken from the porch.” Devenport has been providing help for people in need for nearly 30 years. She had to take a break from her work when she had an operation at 67 years old. However, she made it her goal to continue her mission as long as possible. Over the years, she has fed thousands and thousands. In addition to food, her front porch has become a spot for donations of shoes, clothing, and furniture from neighbors and others who know that people in need will visit the porch. 1．Which of the following can describe Devenport’s first act of kindness? A．It happened by accident. B．It benefited grocery stores. C．It inspired Devenport’s neighbors. D．It was supported by a local food bank. 2．What did Devenport do after knowing people’s reaction to the bread? A．She made more bread with her neighbors. B．She called on groceries to reduce waste. C．She determined to collect more bread. D．She invited more people to share the bread. 3．Why did the author mention a study in the third paragraph? A．To put forward a question to discuss. B．To explain the importance of food safety. C．To state the seriousness of food waste. D．To introduce a new opinion to readers. 4．What can we learn from the last paragraph? A．Devenport will stop her donation because of illness. B．Fewer and fewer people need Devenport’s help. C．More and more people start sharing goods at their porches. D．Devenport makes donation a thing of her life. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．C 4．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Shauna Devenport在30多年前发现超市把快过期的面包丢掉，觉得浪费，于是她开始把面包收集起来，分发给有需要的人。现在Shauna已经坚持了30多年，除了食物，她还募集鞋子、衣物等，她的门廊成了捐赠点。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“Around 30 years ago, while collecting baked goods from a grocery store in Salt Lake City for a local food bank, Shauna Devenport noticed the waste of hundreds of pieces of bread that were only a day or two past their expiration date (有效期). She then requested the bread that would otherwise be thrown away, placing them on her front porch (门廊) and inviting anyone in need to take as much as they required.(大约30年前，在盐湖城一家杂货店为当地一家食品银行收集烘焙食品时，Shauna Devenport注意到有成百上千块面包只过期了一两天就被浪费了。于是她请求将这些原本会被丢弃的面包拿走，放在自家的门廊上，邀请需要的人随意取用)”可知，Devenport是在为当地一家食品银行收集烘焙食品时注意到大量只过期一两天的面包被浪费时，请求拿走这些面包给有需要的人取用；由此可知，Devenport最初的善举是偶然发生的。故选A项。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“Devenport repeated this process and observed the response: “I’d put it out and an hour or so later, it was gone... People would show up from all over. I saw there was a real need out there” She then approached her neighbors and asked them to assist her in collecting the store’s bread every day, and around twelve agreed to help.(Devenport重复了这一过程并观察了反应：“我把它放出去，大约一小时后就没了……人们从四面八方出现。我看到那里确实有需求。”然后她找到邻居们，请他们每天帮忙收集商店的面包，大约有十二个人同意帮忙)”可知，当Devenport了解到人们对面包的反应后，她决定收集更多的面包。故选C项。 3．推理判断题。根据文章第三段中“About 40% of the US food supply is wasted yearly. Besides expired bread, a variety of food items were being thrown away, such as bad-looking produce, canned goods, and even muscle-building drinks.(每年大约有40%的美国食物供应被浪费。除了过期的面包，各种各样的食品被扔掉，比如外观不佳的农产品、罐头食品，甚至增肌饮料)”可以看出，作者提到这项研究是为了强调食物浪费的严重性。故选C项。 4．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中“However, she made it her goal to continue her mission as long as possible. Over the years, she has fed thousands and thousands. In addition to food, her front porch has become a spot for donations of shoes, clothing, and furniture from neighbors and others who know that people in need will visit the porch(然而，她的目标是尽可能长时间地继续她的使命。多年来，她帮助了成千上万的人。除了食物，她的前门廊还成了邻居和其他知道需要帮助的人会来访问的人捐赠鞋子、衣物和家具的地方)”可以看出，Devenport已经将捐赠视为她一生的事情。故选D项。 主题04 人与自然——环境保护 Passage 1 （23-24高一下·合肥一中·期中） We find the owl at the very edge of our woods the morning after the storm. Wings flight-frozen and round eyes glassy. I touch its feathers lightly with my fingertip and I’m surprised because they still feel real even though the owl has slipped away somewhere else and Dad is already digging a hole for it in the rain-soaked earth. I lift its body and it’s huge in my hands but the hollow bones do most of the work for me and I almost think the owl might shake the stiffness from its feathers and fly away. I really don’t think this one should go into a hole in the ground. I say that to Dad and he says that it’s the circle of life and that now the owl will become part of nature again. Feeding the soil with its flesh and growing the roots of plants from its feathers. Dad shifts the last of the dirt with his spade and sits down at the base of a tree with a huff of air that smokes around him. I put the bird in the hole and mark it with a smooth pebble so I’ll always know. After we’ve buried the owl, we walk all around the woods and clear the worst of the damage from the winds and the rain. The damage isn’t as bad as it’s been before and it feels like the storm has cleaned everything back to being new and fresh. I used my hawk eyes and searched the ground in flicks and sweeps and I find treasures in the rain-raked earth just like always. Pieces of pottery and something that could be a Roman coin. I slip them into my pocket and they bump against each other to tell their stories to me, but I’ll listen later. I help Dad load the best of the fallen branches onto the trailer so we can cut them for fire wood or maybe a bonfire, and then we drive over the muddy paths and back to our house. 1．What do we know about the owl when the author finds it? A．It is already dead. B．It is hidden in a hole. C．It is too stiff to fly away. D．It is trying to flee the woods. 2．Why does the author mark the hole with a pebble? A．To facilitate future visits. B．To show sympathy for the owl. C．To keep the site clear of plants. D．To draw the attention of passers-by. 3．What message does the author want to convey by mentioning the owl? A．Storms make trees take deeper roots. B．In nature’s embrace, time stands still. C．The darkest hour has only sixty minutes. D．With every leaf’s fall, a new life emerges. 4．What does “I’ll listen later” in paragraph 4 reveal about the author? A．Money-driven. B．Wonder-seeking. C．Artistically talented. D．Emotionally mature. 【答案】1．A 2．A 3．D 4．B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文主要介绍了作者和爸爸外出发现了死去的猫头鹰，他们把猫头鹰埋葬，领悟到了生命的循环。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“I lift its body and it’s huge in my hands but the hollow bones do most of the work for me and I almost think the owl might shake the stiffness from its feathers and fly away. I really don’t think this one should go into a hole in the ground. I say that to Dad and he says that it’s the circle of life and that now the owl will become part of nature again. Feeding the soil with its flesh and growing the roots of plants from its feathers. (我举起它的身体，它在我手中是巨大的，但中空的骨头为我做了大部分工作，我几乎认为猫头鹰可能会摆脱羽毛的僵硬而飞走。我真的不认为这个应该被埋在地洞里。我告诉爸爸，他说这是生命的循环，现在猫头鹰将再次成为大自然的一部分。用它的肉喂养土壤，用它的羽毛长出植物的根)”可知，当时猫头鹰已经死去。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“I put the bird in the hole and mark it with a smooth pebble so I’ll always know.(我把鸟放进洞里，用一块光滑的鹅卵石做记号，这样我就永远知道（地方）了)”可知，作者做好标记是为了以后能找到埋猫头鹰的地方。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据第二段“I say that to Dad and he says that it’s the circle of life and that now the owl will become part of nature again.(我告诉爸爸，他说这是生命的循环，现在猫头鹰将再次成为大自然的一部分)”可知，作者提到猫头鹰是想要说明随着每一片叶子的飘落，新的生命开始出现。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据第四段“I slip them into my pocket and they bump against each other to tell their stories to me, but I’ll listen later.(我把它们塞进口袋里，它们互相碰撞，向我讲述它们的故事，但我以后再听)”可知，作者对找到的宝贝很感兴趣，想要了解更多关于它们的故事，即作者是一个爱猎奇的人。故选B。 Passage 2 （23-24高一下·六安一中·期中） I’m standing on a grassy slope, looking over the three-mile-long curve of Rhossili Bay, on the southwestern tip of the Gower Peninsula in Wales. Alongside eight others, I’m taken through a breathing exercise. Next, we close our eyes, shifting our attention to only what we can hear. We’re asked to identify the different noises, and I find myself relaxing as I unpack them: There is the wind and, further away, the sea’s waves. It’s mid-April and I’ve joined Mind Over Mountains, a charity that uses outdoor experiences hosted in places of natural beauty to support people’s mental health. At the start of today’s event, we form a small huddle (讲悄悄话游戏), where boundaries are set: This is a judgment-free space where we can share our experiences, but there is no pressure, nor are there any expectations. I am here, I tell them, because I’ve found hiking hugely beneficial for my own mental health these past few years. The pandemic (疫情) brought uncertainty into my life, as it did for many. But nature has been a balm: Going for a walk among some greenery or by water generally makes me feel a bit better about things. After about an hour of walking, we go down a steep slope onto Fall Bay, where I speak to Spray, who leads today’s mindfulness exercises. “When you’re walking next to somebody free from their life outside, it’s almost like a special bubble,” he says, as we look towards the north Devon coast and Lundy Island on the horizon. What I get most out of my time with Mind Over Mountains is not that walking in nature is a quick fix for mental health issues, because I don’t think one exists and the team stresses that this is not about trying to “fix” anyone. But it is a fulfilling experience. I leave reminded of the pure joy nature brings to my life, and how much comfort I find in talking and listening to others. That, and I’ve got a couple more breathing exercises to add to my repertoire. 1．What is the author doing as described in paragraph 1? A．Enjoying the scenic landscape. B．Engaging in mindfulness exercises. C．Appreciating the natural sounds. D．Embracing the fun of hiking. 2．Why did the author join Mind Over Mountains? A．To explore natural beauty. B．To escape from uncertainty. C．To improve mental health. D．To connect with other people. 3．What does the underlined word “balm” in paragraph 2 most probably mean? A．A safe heaven. B．A source of relief. C．A quick solution. D．A non-judgmental space. 4．How does the author find their experience with Mind Over Mountains? A．A rewarding journey. B．A means to fix oneself. C．A thrilling adventure. D．A life-changing experience. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，作者介绍了自己加入Mind Over Mountains组织，利用大自然来促进心理健康的体验。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“I’m standing on a grassy slope, looking over the three-mile-long curve of Rhossili Bay, on the southwestern tip of the Gower Peninsula in Wales. Alongside eight others, I’m taken through a breathing exercise. Next, we close our eyes, shifting our attention to only what we can hear. We’re asked to identify the different noises, and I find myself relaxing as I unpack them: There is the wind and, further away, the sea’s waves. (我站在一个长满草的斜坡上，俯瞰着三英里长的罗西里湾，它位于威尔士高尔半岛的西南端。我和其他八个人一起做呼吸练习。接下来，我们闭上眼睛，把注意力转移到我们能听到的东西上。我们被要求识别不同的声音，当我打开它们的时候，我发现自己放松了：有风，再远一点，是海浪)”可知，作者站在草坡上和其他八个人一起进行呼吸练习，并调动注意力来感受身边的事物，这是在做正念练习。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中“It’s mid-April and I’ve joined Mind Over Mountains, a charity which uses outdoor experiences hosted in places of natural beauty to support people’s mental health. (现在是四月中旬，我加入了Mind Over Mountains，这是一个慈善机构，它利用在自然美景的地方举办的户外体验来支持人们的心理健康)”和“I’ve found hiking hugely beneficial for my own mental health these past few years (在过去的几年里，我发现徒步旅行对我自己的心理健康非常有益)”可知，作者来参加Mind Over Mountains是为了促进心理健康。故选C。 3．词义猜测题。根据划线词后“Going for a walk among some greenery or by water generally makes me feel a bit better about things.(在绿树丛中或水边散步，通常会让我对事情感觉好一点)”可知，大自然能够给在困境中的人带来安慰和缓解，因此balm意为“令人感到安慰的事物”。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“But it is a fulfilling experience. I leave reminded of the pure joy nature brings to my life (但这是一次充实的经历。离开时，我想起了大自然给我的生活带来的纯粹的快乐)”可知，作者认为这次的体验很充实，从中获益良多。故选A。 Passage 3 （24-25高一下·安徽阜阳·期中） A DAY IN THE CLOUDS The air is thin and we have to rest several times on the short hike from camp. To our left, snow-covered mountains disappear into clouds that seem almost close enough to touch. On the plain in front of us, we can just make out a herd of graceful animals. This is why we’re here — to observe Tibetan antelopes. Tibetan antelopes live on the plains of Tibet, Xinjiang, and Qinghai. Watching them move slowly across the green grass. I’m struck by their beauty. I’m also reminded of the danger they are in. They are being hunted, illegally, for their valuable fur. My guide is Zhaxi, a village from Changtang. He works at the Changtang National Nature Reserve. The reserve is a shelter for the animals and plants of northwestern Tibet. To Zhaxi, the land is sacred and protecting the wildlife is a way of life. “We’re not trying to save the animals,” he says. “Actually, we’re trying to save ourselves.” The 1980s and 1990s were bad times for the Tibetan antelope. The population dropped by more than 50 percent. Hunters were shooting antelopes to make profits. Their habitats were becoming smaller as new roads and railways were built. In order to save this species from extinction, the Chinese government placed it under national protection. Zhaxi and other volunteers watched over the antelopes day and night to keep them safe from attacks. Bridges and gates were added to let the antelopes move easily and keep them safe from cars and trains. The measures were effective. The antelope population has recovered and in June 2015, the Tibetan antelope was removed from the endangered species list. The government, however, does not intend to stop the protection programmes, since the threats to the Tibetan antelope have not yet disappeared. In the evening, I drink a cup of tea and watch the stars. I think about the antelopes and what Zhaxi told me. Much is being done to protect wildlife, but if we really want to save the planet, we must change our way of life. Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet. 1．Why did the author go on a hike? A．To enjoy the air there. B．To report the wildlife there. C．To watch the Tibetan antelopes. D．To admire the snow-covered mountains. 2．Why are large numbers of antelopes being hunted? A．They are beautiful. B．Their meat is delicious. C．Their fur is very valuable. D．They are a threat to other wildlife. 3．What can we know about Zhaxi from the text? A．He has built shelters for the wildlife in Changtang. B．He now shows tourists around Changtang as a guide. C．He makes a living by protecting the wildlife in Changtang. D．He thinks wildlife protection determines the existence of human beings. 4．What’s the author’s opinion about protecting our planet? A．We should work as volunteers. B．We should live in peace with nature. C．We should build more natural reserves. D．We should stop building new roads and railways. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在西藏高原观察藏羚羊的经历，以及藏羚羊所面临的生存威胁和保护措施，传达了保护野生动物和自然环境的重要性。 1．细节理解题。由文章第一段中“This is why we’re here — to observe Tibetan antelopes. (这就是我们来这里的原因——观察藏羚羊)”可知，作者去徒步旅行的原因是为了观察藏羚羊。故选C。 2．细节理解题。由文章第二段中“They are being hunted, illegally, for their valuable fur. (他们被非法猎杀，以获取宝贵的皮毛)”可知，大量藏羚羊被捕猎是因为它们的皮毛非常珍贵。故选C。 3．推理判断题。由文章第三段中“To Zhaxi, the land is sacred and protecting the wildlife is a way of life. “We’re not trying to save the animals,” he says. “Actually, we’re trying to save ourselves.” (对扎西来说，土地是神圣的，保护野生动物是一种生活方式。“我们并不是在试图拯救动物，”他说。“实际上，我们是在努力拯救自己。”)”可知，扎西认为保护野生动物是保护人类自己的方式，由此推断，他认为野生动物保护决定了人类的存在。故选D。 4．推理判断题。由文章最后一段中“Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet. (只有当我们学会与自然和谐相处时，我们才能停止对野生动物和我们的星球的威胁)”可推知，作者认为我们应该与自然和平共处。故选B。 Passage 4 （24-25高一下·合肥八中·期中） Thomas Dambo, an environmental artist in Denmark, thinks big. In 2010, he started his first large-scale project: building birdhouses. He and his crew ended up creating 4,000 of them. Now he makes giant trolls (巨怪). So far, 59 trolls can be found at locations all around the world. His creations are made entirely from items people have thrown away, such as discarded wooden pallets, old fencing, and broken sheds. It’s important to him that he doesn’t add to the growing landfills (垃圾填埋场) on our planet. He thinks of discarded items as art supplies and a source of inspiration. As a kid, Thomas wanted to build all sorts of things, from a skateboard ramp (坡道) to a tree house in his backyard. He had lots of energy and creativity. The problem was that a kid doesn’t have the money to purchase supplies. He started to bike around the neighborhood looking for discarded wood, rope, and other items to create things. In 7th grade, a girl in his class gave him a good piece of advice. She told him that he should take a different route each day to experience something new. Thomas took her idea and learned all about his city of Copenhagen, Denmark. Today, Thomas still uses this idea of taking different routes as he searches for trash left out on curbs. Items such as wire, ropes, wooden pallets, metal, old chair rollers, and plastic containers are just waiting for him to think of a way to use them. If the items are small, he uses “Tingfinder,” his bicycle with a cart attached, to take home his “treasures”. He uses a truck for the larger items. “My advice is to think about what you really love to do and let that guide you. Keep moving in the direction you’d like to go.” said Thomas. 1．Why does Thomas prefer to use discarded items for his art? A．They are cheaper than new materials. B．They are more useful and attractive. C．He wants to reduce waste. D．He can find them more easily. 2．What advice did a girl in Thomas’s class give? A．Save money by using second-hand supplies. B．Explore new paths to discover something fresh. C．Focus on different ways to create things. D．Learn about his city before starting any project. 3．Which words can best describe Thomas? A．Adventurous and curious. B．Childish but imaginative. C．Changeable but hard-working. D．Responsible and creative. 4．What may be the best title for the passage? A．Sculpture: a unique hobby B．Trolls: a childhood dream C．Recycling: a creative journey D．Bicycling: an inspiring sport 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了丹麦环保艺术家Thomas Dambo利用废弃物品创作巨型艺术品的故事。 1．细节理解题。由文章第二段中“It’s important to him that he doesn’t add to the growing landfills (垃圾填埋场) on our planet. He thinks of discarded items as art supplies and a source of inspiration. (对他来说，重要的是不要增加我们星球上日益增长的垃圾填埋场。他认为被丢弃的物品是艺术用品和灵感的来源。)”可知，他选择使用被丢弃的物品是为了减少浪费和垃圾。故选C。 2．细节理解题。由文章第四段中“In 7th grade, a girl in his class gave him a good piece of advice. She told him that he should take a different route each day to experience something new. (七年级时，班上的一个女孩给了他一个很好的建议。她告诉他，他应该每天走不同的路线，去体验一些新的东西。)”可知，Thomas的同学建议他探索新路径，发现新鲜事物。故选B。 3．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第一段中“Thomas Dambo, an environmental artist in Denmark, thinks big. In 2010, he started his first large-scale project: building birdhouses. He and his crew ended up creating 4,000 of them. (丹麦的环境艺术家托Thomas Dambo想得很远大。2010年，他开始了他的第一个大型项目：建造鸟舍。他和他的团队最终制作了4000个。)”和第二段“His creations are made entirely from items people have thrown away, such as discarded wooden pallets, old fencing, and broken sheds. It’s important to him that he doesn’t add to the growing landfills (垃圾填埋场) on our planet. He thinks of discarded items as art supplies and a source of inspiration. (他的作品完全是用人们扔掉的东西做成的，比如废弃的木托盘、旧围栏和破碎的棚屋。对他来说，重要的是不要增加我们星球上日益增长的垃圾填埋场。他认为被丢弃的物品是艺术用品和灵感的来源。)”可知，Thomas是一个有创造力的人，他的作品完全是用人们扔掉的东西做成的；同时，他也是一个有责任感的人，他不想增加地球上越来越多的垃圾填埋场，因此选择使用被丢弃的物品进行艺术创作，而且建造大量鸟舍。因此，最能描述Thomas的词语是“有责任感和创造力”。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第二段“His creations are made entirely from items people have thrown away, such as discarded wooden pallets, old fencing, and broken sheds. It’s important to him that he doesn’t add to the growing landfills (垃圾填埋场) on our planet. He thinks of discarded items as art supplies and a source of inspiration. (他的作品完全是用人们扔掉的东西做成的，比如废弃的木托盘、旧围栏和破碎的棚屋。对他来说，重要的是不要增加我们星球上日益增长的垃圾填埋场。他认为被丢弃的物品是艺术用品和灵感的来源。)”可知，文章主要讲述了丹麦环保艺术家Thomas Dambo使用被丢弃的物品进行艺术创作的故事，他通过回收和再利用这些物品，创作出了许多令人惊叹的艺术作品。因此，最能概括文章主旨的标题是“Recycling: a creative journey (回收：一段创意之旅)”。故选C。 主题01 人与社会——社会与文化 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·安庆二中·期中） As the daughter of immigrants, Chanthaphone’s primary language at home was Lao. At 5, she learned to speak English. But she didn’t know how to read and write - let alone how to fit in at school or communicate with classmates. Mrs. Lewis, Chanthaphone’s second-grade teacher, changed everything. She taught her students that it was OK if they did not know English, and it was all right for them to use words in their home language to explain how they were feeling or thinking. Chanthaphone got more and more confident and wanted to do what her teacher did in the future. Now, at 26, Chanthaphone is an English teacher at Fort Worth ISD's William Monnig Middle School. Like Mrs. Lewis, Chanthaphone aims to help her non-English-speaking students to gain the confidence they need to fulfill their potential in life. At the beginning of each school year, Chanthaphone recounts her story to her new classes. She tells them she knows what it feels like not to want to participate in class or raise her hand. She reminds them that she once sat in their seats and felt different because of her upbringing. But she stresses that’s what makes each of them special. Her students, though, are usually unconvinced. She has to take out photos of her graduating from college and tell them about her parents and what her school was like. Then it finally clicks. In the classroom, Chanthaphone allows students to communicate in whichever way they feel most comfortable. For some, it may be raising their hand and voicing their thoughts. For others, it may be writing their thoughts on a piece of paper and handing it to Chanthaphone. However, Chanthaphone does encourage her students to go out of their comfort zone. She wants them to work with students they don’t know because teamwork and collaboration with unfamiliar people is important. “I’ve always wanted to be the teacher who supported students and advocated for them in and outside of the classroom,” Chanthaphone said. “When I get notes or see Facebook posts from parents talking about previous teachers, including me, I feel like my goal has been completed.” 1．What do you know about Mrs. Lewis? A．She is ambitious B． She is inspiring. C．She is knowledgeable. D．She is demanding. 2．Why does Chanthaphone tell her schooling experience to her new students? A．To make a good beginning of her class. B．To make herself well-known to her students. C．To encourage her students to be confident. D．To push the students to voice their thoughts. 3．What does Chanthaphone focus on in the classroom? A．Students’ strong curiosity. B．Students’ mental health. C．Students’ unique talent. D．Students’ communication ability. 4．What can be the best title for the text? A．I was once like you B． You are the only one C．No one can say no to you D．Everything can be possible 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要说明了Chanthaphone是移民的女儿，5岁时，她学会了说英语。但她不知道如何读和写，更不用说如何融入学校或与同学交流了。但是在路易斯夫人的鼓励下，Chanthaphone越来越有信心，并且将路易斯夫人对自己的鼓励带给了自己的学生。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Mrs. Lewis, Chanthaphone’s second-grade teacher, changed everything. She taught her students that it was OK if they did not know English and it was all right for them to use words in their home language to explain how they were feeling or thinking. Chanthaphone got more and more confidence and wanted to do what her teacher did in the future.(路易斯夫人，Chanthaphone的二年级老师，改变了一切。她教导她的学生，如果他们不懂英语也没关系，他们可以用母语的单词来解释他们的感受或想法。Chanthaphone越来越有信心，想在将来做她的老师做的事情)”可推知，路易斯夫人很鼓舞人心。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Like Mrs Lewis, Chanthaphone aims to help her non-English-speaking students to gain the confidence they need to fulfill their potential in life.(像Lewis夫人一样，Chanthaphone的目标是帮助她的非英语学生获得他们在生活中发挥潜力所需要的信心)”以及第三段中“At the beginning of each school year, Chanthaphone recounts her story to her new classes She tells them she knows what it feels like not to want to participate in class or raise her hand.(在每个学年开始的时候， Chanthaphone会向她的新班级讲述她的故事。她告诉他们，她知道不想上课或不想举手是什么感觉)”可知， Chanthaphone把她的求学经历告诉她的新学生是为了鼓励她的学生要自信。故选C。 3．细节理解题。 根据倒数第三段“In the classroom, Chanthaphone allows students to communicate in whichever way they feel most comfortable. For some, it may be raising their hand and voicing their thoughts. For others, it may be writing their thoughts on a piece of paper and handing it to Chanthaphone.(在课堂上，Chanthaphone允许学生以他们觉得最舒适的方式进行交流。对一些人来说，这可能是举起他们的手，说出他们的想法。对另一些人来说，它可能是把他们的想法写在一张纸上，然后交给Chanthaphone)”可知，在课堂上，Chanthaphone 关注的是学生的沟通能力。故选D。 4． 主旨大意题。 根据第三段“At the beginning of each school year, Chanthaphone recounts her story to her new classes. She tells them she knows what it feels like not to want to participate in class or raise her hand. She reminds them that she once sat in their seat and felt different because of her upbringing. But she stresses that’s what makes each of them special.(在每个学年开始的时候，Chanthaphone会向她的新班级讲述她的故事。她告诉他们，她知道不想上课或不想举手是什么感觉。她提醒他们，她曾经坐在他们的座位上，因为她的成长经历而感到与众不同。但她强调，这是他们每个人的特别之处)”结合文章主要说明了Chanthaphone是移民的女儿，5岁时，她学会了说英语。但她不知道如何读和写，更不用说如何融入学校或与同学交流了。但是在路易斯夫人的鼓励下，Chanthaphone越来越有信心，并且将路易斯夫人对自己的鼓励带给了自己的学生。可知，A选项“我也曾经像你一样”最符合文章标题。故选A。 Passage 2 （23-24高一下·安徽宿州·期中） Linda, a sixteen-year-old girl, was a “violinist” of average level, who had basic violin playing skills but was neither particularly outstanding nor bad. She just learned to play the violin at the request of her father. This year, the school music festival came on time. As usual, Linda accompanied the lead singer with her violin, and the rehearsals (彩排) went well. During a break, noticing Linda always plays her violin, a teacher asked Linda if she would sing a song. But Linda refused, saying that she had never sung in public places because she was not good at it. The teacher told her, “Each of us seems to have something that we are not good at, but as long as we are brave enough to try, there may be surprises.” Linda still didn’t have the courage, and the teacher encouraged her again, “You are a brave girl, and I believe you can try your best.” Thrilled and nervous, Linda finally chose to sing Mystery of Life. Everyone was surprised by her voice. She had such a talent for singing! All the students cheered for her! Without such an unexpected opportunity and that teacher, she might have never found her gift. Now she has become one of the best-known singers in her city. Everyone has some talent. If you think you have no talent, you either haven’t discovered yours yet or don’t consider it a talent because it’s not all that useful. You may be able to build a huge house of cards, but you don’t think it’s a talent. With confidence and effort, some skills can be unlocked and improved. In your life, you should be brave and confident enough to try doing different things and find out what talents you really have. 1． Linda chose to sing because ______ A. The teacher encouraged her to sing. B．she got lots of applause that night. C. She wanted to show everyone her talent. D．she didn’t want to play the violin that night. 2． What do you think of the teacher? A．Strict and sensitive. B．Kind and patient. C．Rude and unfriendly. D．Honest and humorous. 3． What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．Building a huge house of cards isn’t a talent. B．Confidence and effort help find talent. C．All skills can be unlocked and improved. D．Not everyone in the world has a talent. 4． What’s the main idea of the text? A．It’s important to encourage others. B．The story of a song, Mystery of Life. C．A violinist became a famous singer. D．We should find out our real talent. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．B 4．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Linda在老师的鼓励下尝试唱歌，发现了自己真正的天赋，最终成为一名著名的歌手，告诉我们应该发现自己真正的天赋。 1．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“During a break, noticing Linda always play her violin, a teacher asked Linda if she would sing a song. But Linda refused, saying that she had never sung in public places because she was not good at it. The teacher told her, “Each of us seems to have something that we are not good at, but as long as we are brave enough to try, there may be surprises.” Linda still didn’t have the courage, and the teacher encouraged her again, “You are a brave girl, and I believe you can try your best.” (课间休息时，一位老师注意到琳达总是拉小提琴，就问琳达愿不愿意唱首歌。但是琳达拒绝了，她说她从来没有在公共场合唱过歌，因为她唱得不好。老师告诉她:“我们每个人似乎都有不擅长的地方，但只要我们勇敢地去尝试，就会有惊喜。”琳达仍然没有勇气，老师再次鼓励她:“你是一个勇敢的女孩，我相信你能做到最好。”)”和文章第三段“Thrilled and nervous, Linda finally chose to sing Mystery of Life.(琳达又激动又紧张，最后选择演唱《生命的奥秘》。)”可推知，Linda选择唱歌是因为老师鼓励她唱歌。故选A。 2．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“During a break, noticing Linda always play her violin, a teacher asked Linda if she would sing a song. But Linda refused, saying that she had never sung in public places because she was not good at it. The teacher told her, “Each of us seems to have something that we are not good at, but as long as we are brave enough to try, there may be surprises.” Linda still didn’t have the courage, and the teacher encouraged her again, “You are a brave girl, and I believe you can try your best.” (课间休息时，一位老师注意到琳达总是拉小提琴，就问琳达愿不愿意唱首歌。但是琳达拒绝了，她说她从来没有在公共场合唱过歌，因为她唱得不好。老师告诉她:“我们每个人似乎都有不擅长的地方，但只要我们勇敢地去尝试，就会有惊喜。”琳达仍然没有勇气，老师再次鼓励她:“你是一个勇敢的女孩，我相信你能做到最好。”)”可知，老师鼓励Linda尝试唱歌，在遭到拒绝后，仍然耐心劝说，说明老师是一个善良的并且有耐心的人。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“With confidence and effort, some skills can be unlocked and improved.(有了信心和努力，一些技能可以解锁和提高。)”可知，自信和努力有助于发现天赋。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“In your life, you should be brave and confident enough to try doing different things and find out what talents you really have.(在你的生活中，你应该有足够的勇气和信心去尝试不同的事情，发现你真正拥有的天赋。)”可知，文章告诉我们应该发现自己真正的天赋。故选D。 Passage 3 （23-24高一下·安庆一中·期中） Growing up in Ukraine, Vadim didn’t know what it was like to live in a safe, stable home. His parents were alcoholics who would often beat him. They’d even put him into a wine container, breaking his little body and leaving only a small opening at the top so he could breathe and see—but only just a little. By the time Vadim turned 9, he was living in an orphanage (孤儿院). Unfortunately, as is the case with far too many little ones, his life only got worse there. Not only was he hurt, but he was placed in a room on the third floor, making it impossible to get downstairs in a wheelchair. This left Vadim crawling up and down the stairs, an activity that was both physically and mentally tiring. He’d often be late for meals. If the food wasn’t already gone by the time he arrived, other kids would steal from him. Then, a chain effect began when some special folks visited the orphanage. They told him a story about a spiritual figure who advocated love and forgiveness. This conversation helped the 14-year-old find his faith and, in turn, he had more hope than he ever had before. Today, Vadim is no longer the boy subject to fate. He is a father to his own kids, and his life couldn’t be more different or better. Over the years, he’s discovered a gift for expressing himself through art. This inspired Tim Tebow Foundation, an organization fighting for the most vulnerable (脆弱的) people around the world, to ask if he’d like to create a piece that represented what it looked and felt like for him to have gone from “darkness to light.” The result? A truly remarkable painting that features Vadim, in his wheelchair, leaving behind his old home, including the wine container his parents put him in. His new direction includes a beautiful forest full of fall leaves and bright light, showing the hope he is said to have found in the inspiring story. 1．According to the passage, Vadim’s parents treated him ________. A．terribly B．forgivingly C．thoughtfully D．strictly 2．Why did Vadim crawl up and down the stairs when living in the orphanage? A．Because his little roommates often did damage to his wheelchair. B．Because other children would take his meal without permission. C．Because he couldn’t use the wheelchair to go downstairs from a high floor. D．Because getting downstairs was demanding for him physically and mentally. 3．The phrase “a chain effect ” in paragraph 4 refers to _________. A．an effective treatment for Vadim’s disability B．a series of positive changes occurring in Vadim’s life C．a sense of hope from the story of a spiritual figure D．a helping hand from Tim Tebow Foundation 4．What is the message that Vadim wants to convey in his remarkable painting? A．He says goodbye to the past and harvests happiness. B．He admires the beauty and harmony of nature. C．He excels in delicate painting techniques. D．He leads a miserable life with his own kids. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了Vadim从小遭受父母虐待，9岁的时候去了孤儿院，在那里他得到了一群人的帮助和爱，发现了通过艺术表达自己的天赋。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“His parents were alcoholics who would often beat him. They’d even put him into a wine container, breaking his little body and leaving only a small opening at the top so he could breathe and see—but only just a little.(他的父母都是酒鬼，经常打他。他们甚至把他放进一个装酒的容器里，打碎了他小小的身体，只在顶部留了一个小口，让他可以呼吸和看东西——但只有一点点)”可知，瓦迪姆的父母对他很不好。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“Not only was he hurt, but he was placed in a room on the third floor, making it impossible to get downstairs in a wheelchair.(他不仅受伤了，而且被安置在三楼的一个房间里，坐轮椅根本无法下楼)”可知，瓦迪姆住在孤儿院时爬上爬下楼梯是因为他不能用轮椅从高处下来。故选C。 3．词句猜测题。根据第四段“Then, a chain effect began when some special folks visited the orphanage. They told him a story about a spiritual figure who advocated love and forgiveness. This conversation helped the 14-year-old find his faith and, in turn, he had more hope than he ever had before.(然后，当一些特殊的人访问孤儿院时，连锁效应开始了。他们给他讲了一个关于一位提倡爱和宽恕的精神人物的故事。这次谈话帮助这个14岁的男孩找到了他的信仰，反过来，他比以往任何时候都有了更多的希望)”可知，第4段中的“连锁效应”指的是瓦迪姆生活中发生的一系列积极变化。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“This inspired Tim Tebow Foundation, an organization fighting for the most vulnerable (脆弱的) people around the world, to ask if he’d like to create a piece that represented what it looked and felt like for him to have gone from “darkness to light.”(这激发了蒂姆·蒂博基金会的灵感，该基金会是一个为世界上最弱势群体而战的组织，他们问他是否愿意创作一件作品，代表他从“黑暗走向光明”的样子和感觉)”以及最后一段“The result? A truly remarkable painting that features Vadim, in his wheelchair, leaving behind his old home, including the wine container his parents put him into. His new direction includes a beautiful forest full of fall leaves and bright light, showing the hope he is said to have found in the inspiring story.(结果呢？这是一幅非常了不起的画，画中瓦迪姆坐在轮椅上，离开了他的老家，还有他父母给他装的酒桶。他的新方向包括一个充满落叶和明亮光线的美丽森林，展示了他据说在鼓舞人心的故事中找到的希望)”可知，瓦迪姆想在这幅非凡的画作中传达他告别了过去，收获了幸福。故选A。 Passage 4 （24-25高一下·安徽·期中） When she was ten years old, Isadora Duncan dropped out of school to teach people dance. If that job was left to any other ten-year-old, it would have turned out frustrating, difficult, and a little discouraging. But Duncan was different. Not only was she already talented enough to earn money even at that age, but she also had a rare kind of confidence that helped her treat troubles as fuel —something to elevate the fire that is already burning inside of her. It’s no surprise, then, that when she moved to New York to join a theatre company, she found herself restricted. The existing dancing style, their way of operating—all of this seemed to her the work of a misguided past. Duncan was very direct about what she wanted, confidently telling people she had a different vision of dance that she was going to spread in the world. This, naturally, led to ridicule and laughs early on, but as she built up her work, these instances became less frequent. Today, she is remembered as “The Mother of Dance,” with much of the modern art owing its expressive style to her influence. Inspired by the ancient Greeks, she brought the style to life. In her autobiography (自传), one of the things Duncan frequently refers to as the basis of her expressive spirit is the fact that she had a childhood when she wasn’t constantly watched. The expectations of her mother (who raised her) were open-ended. It was the freedom of this lifestyle that drove her to see what she could do. Growing up, before she left school, she was told one of two things: that she was either completely useless or that she was a genius. There was nothing in between. Even when she started working, people either bowed to her or they basically ignored her. But there wasn’t one moment Duncan doubted her own genius. There is an old quotation, “If you judge a fish by its ability to climb a tree, it will live its whole life believing that it is stupid.” And it captures an important truth. At school, Isadora Duncan was a failure. In the dance hall, she gave form to brilliance. 1．What does the underlined phrase “treat troubles as fuel” mean? A．Duncan used troubles to push her forward towards her dream. B．Duncan was good at burning away everyday troubles. C．Troubles turned Duncan into a confident girl. D．Troubles lit the fire of dancing in Duncan. 2．Which of the following is TRUE about Duncan? A．Her experience in New York was the foundation of her career. B．Her teaching job when she was little destroyed her confidence. C．Her dancing style was not very well received at the beginning. D．Her mother set higher expectations on her than she could bear. 3．What does the author try to tell the readers in the last paragraph? A．It is useless to climb a tree to catch fish. B．Everybody is a genius in his own way. C．Miseries come from human stupidity. D．Teachers can impact students greatly. 4．What is this passage mainly about? A．Isadora Duncan’s childhood and her achievements today. B．Duncan’s career development and other dancers’ opinions of her. C．Isadora Duncan’s early experiences and the reasons for her success. D．Duncan’s high status in the dancing world and her unique expressive style. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．C 【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。伊莎多拉·邓肯十岁时辍学去教别人跳舞，文章主要介绍了她的早期的经历以及其取得成功的原因。 1．词义猜测题。根据上文说即使在那个年龄，她也有足够的天赋去挣钱，而且她还有一种罕见的自信，尤其是破折号后的something to elevate the fire that is already burning inside of her （能让她心中燃烧的火焰更旺）可推测出划线部分的意思应为“用困难推动她向梦想前进”。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段的Duncan was very direct about what she wanted, confidently telling people she had a different vision of dance that she was going to spread in the world. This, naturally, led to ridicule and laughs early on, but as she built up her work, these instances became less frequent. 可知，她自信地告诉人们她对舞蹈有不同的看法，她将在世界上传播。很自然，这在一开始就引起了人们的嘲笑和大笑，但随着她的工作越来越多，这样的事情就不那么频繁了。由此可知，她的舞蹈风格一开始不被人们接受。故选C。 3．推理判断题。最后一段引用古话:“如果你以爬树的能力来判断一条鱼，它终其一生都会认为自己是愚蠢的。”接着又指出在学校里，伊莎多拉·邓肯是个失败者。在舞厅里，她光彩夺目。由此可推断出，作者在最后一段想要告诉我们每个人都是独特的天才。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。伊莎多拉·邓肯十岁时辍学去教别人跳舞，文章主要介绍了她的经历以及所取得的成功。故选C。 【点睛】词义猜测题是高考阅读理解中常考题型之一，可以大致分为①定义猜词，可以根据定义信息和举例猜测词义。如文中常用refer to， be called或that’s to say， such as等。②逻辑猜词可以根据同义词、反义词、因果关系词等猜测词义，例如，similarly，the same as，but，however，while，on the other hand, since ,because等，所猜词与这些提示词前/后面部分的含义一样、相反或是前因后果。③语法猜词，可以根据构词法，再结合上下文进行猜词。④语境猜词，猜测词义离不开上下文的语境，通过上下文提供的情景和线索进行合理的分析，同时还要关注其所在的整段及整篇文章。⑤指代猜词即找出人称代词、指示代词、关系代词或关系副词等所指代的内容，做题时要注意指代词的位置，以便于判断，然后用所找的指代内容替换划线代词，核实其逻辑、意义、位置等是否一致，最后比较所找部分与选项，确定意思最接近的选项。本文中的第1小题是词义猜测题，该小题属于逻辑猜词，该词后的破折号后的句子对划线句子进行了解释说明，根据前后的逻辑关系再结合上下文，可以准确的猜测出该句的意思，再对应四个选项，即可得出答案。 Passage 5 （24-25高一下·安庆一中·期中） As Alexandria Country Day School’s sixth-graders created small 3D printed villages to address homelessness, they learned lessons far beyond technology. “It Takes a Village” began as a project for a science class — inspired by life-size 3D printed homes built by Austin, Texas-based technology company Icon, whose aim is to make affordable housing accessible to everyone. The tech-focused project quickly developed into an exercise to bring about lasting change, said science teacher Alison McDonald. “When most people think of helping the homeless, they think of food and clothing drives,” said Juliet Galicia, 11. While necessary, those are temporary solutions. Even housing by itself is not a complete solution. In designing their leave-homelessness-behind neighborhoods, shelters, food stores, and schools came first. But to build a sense of belonging and purpose, the communities also emphasised areas for frequent interaction among residents. “We wanted to include extras that would make it feel more like a real community,” said Luke Wazorko, 11. “They get it!” said Amber Fogarty, president of Mobile Loaves & Fishes, a non-profit organization dealing with homelessness in Austin, after learning about the sixth-graders’ project. “The biggest cause of long-term homelessness is a loss in family relationships,” she said. “Housing alone will never solve homelessness, but the community will. People need a place where they are known and loved.” Many companies around the world are experimenting with this technology. So far, only interior (内部的) and exterior walls are 3D printed. A team of three to four people completes that task using a computer app and monitors the process. Roofing, doors, windows, and finishing still need carpenters (木工), electricians, and painters. Designs are adaptable to individual preferences. Amber Fogarty said, “It’s a journey of discovery. We don’t know what the future holds for this new technology, but we’re excited about its innovative possibilities.” 1．What gave the sixth-graders the idea of starting the project? A．The technology of an organization. B．People’s need for affordable homes. C．3D printed homes made by a company. D．Suggestions from their science teacher. 2．What can we infer about the project from Paragraph 3? A．It was too expensive for the homeless. B． It aimed to create a sense of community. C．It found a solution to housing problems. D．It hardly considers people’s daily needs. 3．What did Amber Fogarty think of the project? A．It showed that the homeless were cared for. B．It collected a lot of money for the homeless. C．It provided a chance for the homeless to work. D．It made people in the community accept the homeless. 4．What would be the best title for the text? A．3D printed homes set a good example for future homes B．Homeless people receive plenty of help from organizations C．Showing kindness to the homeless is important in the community D．Students use 3D printing to create a community for the homeless 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要说明了一群六年级学生通过3D打印技术来为无家可归者建立了一个社区，介绍了人们对此的看法。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段““It Takes a Village” began as a project for a science class — inspired by life-size 3D printed homes built by Austin, Texas-based technology company Icon, whose aim is to make affordable housing accessible to everyone.(“需要一个村庄”最初是一个科学课程项目，灵感来自德克萨斯州奥斯汀市的科技公司Icon建造的真人大小的3D打印房屋，该公司的目标是让每个人都能买得起住房)”可知，一家公司制作的3D打印房屋让六年级学生有了开始这个项目的想法。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段“But to build a sense of belonging and purpose, the communities also emphasised areas for frequent interaction among residents. “We wanted to include extras that would make it feel more like a real community,” said Luke Wazorko, 11.(但为了建立归属感和使命感，社区还强调了居民之间频繁互动的区域。11岁的卢克·瓦佐科说：“我们想加入一些额外的东西，让它更像一个真正的社区。”)”可知，这个项目旨在创造一种社区意识。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段““They get it!” said Amber Fogarty, president of Mobile Loaves & Fishes, anon-profit organization dealing with homelessness in Austin, after learning about the sixth-graders’ project. “The biggest cause of long-term homelessness is a loss in family relationships,” she said. “Housing alone will never solve homelessness, but the community will. People need a place where they are known and loved.”(“他们明白了！”在了解了六年级学生的项目后，负责处理奥斯汀无家可归问题的非营利组织“流动面包和鱼”的总裁安布尔·福格蒂说。“长期无家可归的最大原因是失去了家庭关系，”她说。“住房本身永远无法解决无家可归问题，但社区可以。人们需要一个被了解和被爱的地方。”)”可知，安布尔·福格蒂认为这个项目表明无家可归的人得到了照顾。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“As Alexandria Country Day School’s sixth-graders created small 3D printed villages to address homelessness, they learned lessons far beyond technology.(亚历山大乡村走读学校的六年级学生创建了小型3D打印村庄来解决无家可归问题，他们学到的教训远远超出了技术)”结合文章主要说明了一群六年级学生通过3D打印技术来为无家可归者建立了一个社区，介绍了人们对此的看法。因此可知，D选项“学生们用3D打印技术为无家可归者创建一个社区”最符合文章标题。故选D。 主题02 人与自我——生活与学习 Passage 1 （23-24高一下·安庆二中·期中） My father loves his garden. He planted some seeds in it. But at that time, I didn’t understand why working in the dirt excited him so much. Unfortunately, in early May, my father was seriously injured in an accident. He had to stay in bed for a while. My mother had several business trips, so she couldn’t take care of the garden. I didn’t want my father to worry, so I said that I would take care of his garden until he recovered. I assumed that the little plants would continue to grow as long as they had water, and luckily it rained fairly often, so I didn’t think much about the garden. One Saturday morning, my father said to me, “Christine, the vegetables should be about ready to be picked. Let’s have a salad today!” I went out to the garden and was upset to see that many of the lettuce leaves and carrots had been half eaten by bugs. There were hundreds of bugs all over them! I panicked for a moment but then I quietly went to the nearest store to buy some vegetables. When I gave the salad to him, he said, “Oh, Christine, what a beautiful salad! I can’t believe the carrots are this big already. You must be taking very good care of my garden. I felt a little bit guilty. Coming home, my mother saw the bag from the supermarket in the kitchen. I was embarrassed and I admitted, “Dad wanted a salad, but the garden was a disaster. I didn’t want to disappoint him, so I went to the store.” She laughed but promised to help me in the garden and weeks later I was finally able to pick some. I carefully made a salad and took it to my father. He looked at it with a hint of a smile. “Christine, the carrots are smaller in this salad, but they taste better.” Now, I better understand how putting a lot of effort into caring for something can help you appreciate the results more, however small they may be. Perhaps this was one of the reasons for my father’s love of gardening. 1．Why did Christine originally promise she would do the gardening? A．She was asked by her father to do it. B．She was interested in growing vegetables. C．She wanted to improve her gardening skills. D．She knew it was important to her father. 2．Which of the following was a problem in the garden? A．Animals often dug holes in the garden. B．Insects destroyed the lettuce and carrots. C．The plants were given too much water. D．The vegetables were marked incorrectly. 3．Why could Christine secretly make the salad from store-bought vegetables? A．Her father couldn’t see the garden’s progress. B．Her mother regularly helped her to make a spray. C．Her mother helped her to buy the vegetables. D．Her father went on a business trip at that time. 4．What did Christine learn through her experience of gardening? A．Always get ready for a rainy day. B．Don’t be disappointed by bugs. C．Hard work can often be rewarding. D．Working alone produces results. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过讲述主人公在父亲生病期间帮助父亲打理菜园的故事，告诉我们努力工作是有回报的。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“But at that time, I didn’t understand why working in the dirt excited him so much. (但那时，我不明白为什么在泥土中工作让他如此兴奋。)”可知，作者不理解为什么在泥土中工作会让父亲很兴奋，结合第二段中的“I didn’t want my father to worry, so I said that I would take care of his garden until he recovered. (我不想让父亲担心，所以我说我会照顾他的花园，直到他康复。)”可知，父亲在菜园工作很兴奋，作者知道菜园对父亲很重要，她不想让父亲在生病期间担心，所以答应帮他照顾菜园。故选D项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“I went out to the garden and was upset to see that many of the lettuce leaves and carrots had been half eaten by bugs. There were hundreds of bugs all over them! (我走到花园，看到许多生菜叶子和胡萝卜被虫子吃掉了一半，我很难过。上面爬满了成百上千的虫子!)”可知，许多生菜叶子和胡萝卜被虫子吃掉了一半，上面爬满了成百上千的虫子，由此可知，昆虫毁坏了莴苣和胡萝卜。故选B项。 3．推理判断题。根据第二段关键句“Unfortunately, in early May, my father was seriously injured in an accident. He had to stay in bed for a while. (不幸的是，在五月初，我父亲在一次事故中受了重伤。他不得不在床上躺一会儿。)”可知，Christine的父亲在车祸中受伤了，不得不卧床休息一段时间，由此可推断出，父亲是看不到花园的进展情况的，所以在莴苣和胡萝卜被昆虫毁坏的情况下，Christine去商店买蔬菜来制作沙拉，不想让父亲失望。故选A项。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Now, I better understand how putting a lot of effort into caring for something can help you appreciate the results more, however small they may be. Perhaps this was one of the reasons for my father’s love of gardening. (现在，我更好地理解了投入大量精力去关心一件事是如何帮助你更好地欣赏结果的，不管结果有多小。也许这就是我父亲热爱园艺的原因之一。)”可知，Christine明白了努力去做一件事总会有回报，也会让你更加重视回报，不管这些回报有多小。故选C项。 Passage 2 （24-25高一下·合肥六中·期中） As I was engaged in cutting lettuce in the kitchen, it suddenly occurred to me that I had seen a video on regrowing a whole new lettuce from its stub by placing it in water. Without hesitation, I took out a wide-mouthed mug, put the lettuce stub into it, added some water, and then set it near the window. On a snowy morning, I spotted the first sign of life. A small leaf began to stretch out from its center, like a tiny green flag of hope — beaten, yet not defeated. Within just a few days, the cuts where I had removed the leaves were no longer visible; the growth was incredibly rapid. When I lifted the blossoming head out of the mug, tiny root threads fell down, reaching for the soil. Lettuce or hope? Put in the lettuce’s position, I’d likely be doubtful initially, carefully sizing up my new environment before wholeheartedly diving into the process of growing. But this lettuce didn’t need much — just a bit of water and a place near the window is enough to decide it was going to thrive again. It grew in a mug of water, in faith. This is the heart of this lettuce: alive, strong and fearless. It deserved a name .I decided to call it Monty. Monty wanted to grow, as we all do. I think I gave him a little love and freedom. Those two ingredients were all he needed to return to himself. I see joy in this lettuce. The return to self is always an expression of joy, which is life itself. With the right ingredients, this is the tendency of all living things. Monty still lives in a mug, but I’m going to transplant him outside. He deserves to become his full self. The only problem I see now is my capacity to support Monty. I hope I have enough of a green finger. I’m surprised to find myself where I am. Maybe Monty is, too. I have the same choice as he does: give in and decay (腐烂),or start again. The prospect of starting again is discouraging. But my lettuce-friend, Monty, leads the way. I can only hope to be as brave. 1．Why did the author put the stub in water? A．To hope that it would grow. B．To decorate the nice mug C．To conduct an experiment. D．To remove his bad mood. 2．What is the first sign of life in the author’s eyes? A．The remaining stub. B．The small leaf. C．The disappearing cuts. D．The tiny root threads. 3．How would the author feel if in the lettuce’s situation? A．Hesitant. B．Fearless. C．Confident. D．Annoyed. 4．Which can be a suitable title of the passage? A．Enjoy your own life to the fullest. B．Believe in yourself when in trouble. C．Never be afraid to restart yourself. D．Give freedom to the heart in a way. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者将生菜残余部分放入水中生长，展现出生命力的故事，并表达了 作者希望自己能够像一样勇敢地面对生活的选择。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“As I was engaged in cutting lettuce in the kitchen, it suddenly occurred to me that I had seen a video on regrowing a whole new lettuce from its stub by placing it in water. Without hesitation, I took out a wide-mouthed mug, put the lettuce stub into it, added some water, and then set it near the window.(当时我正在厨房里切生菜，突然想到我之前看过一个视频，里面讲的是如何将一棵完整的生菜从残根处重新种植出来，方法是将残根放入水中。我毫不犹豫地拿出一个宽口的杯子，把生菜的残根放进去，加了些水，然后把它放在窗边)”可知，作者把生菜残余部分放进杯子里是希望它能长出一棵新的生菜。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“On a snowy morning, I spotted the first sign of life. A small leaf began to stretch out from its center, like a tiny green flag of hope — beaten, yet not defeated.(在一个飘着雪花的清晨，我看到了生命的最初迹象。一片小小的叶子从它的中心开始向外舒展，宛如一面小小的绿色希望旗帜——虽经风雨洗礼，却未被击垮)”可知，作者眼里的生命的第一个迹象是一片小叶子。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据第三段“Put in the lettuce’s position, I’d likely be doubtful initially, carefully sizing up my new environment before wholeheartedly diving into the process of growing.(假设我将生菜种在那个位置，一开始我可能会有些犹豫，会先仔细观察一下这个新环境，然后再全身心地投入到种植的过程中)”可知，作者如果是一棵处于类似状况的生菜，作者会怀疑自己的状况，会感到犹豫。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“I’m surprised to find myself where I am. Maybe Monty is, too. I have the same choice as he does: give in and decay (腐烂),or start again. The prospect of starting again is discouraging. But my lettuce-friend, Monty, leads the way. I can only hope to be as brave.(我惊讶地发现自己竟身处这般境地。或许蒙蒂也有同样的感受。我和他面临着同样的选择：要么屈服并逐渐消亡，要么重新开始。重新开始的前景令人沮丧。但我的“生菜朋友”蒙蒂却率先迈出了第一步。我只能希望自己也能像他一样勇敢)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要讲述 了作者将生菜残余部分放在水中，生菜努力生长的故事给作者带来的感触。作者认为，我们要勇于重新开始。故选C。 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $