专题02 Units3～4 （语篇综合练）英语北师大版新教材八年级下册

专题02 Units3~4 （语篇综合练） （建议用时：40分钟） 完形填空A 主要介绍了生活中做决定的重要性以及如何做出正确的决定。 完形填空B 介绍了有效沟通的重要性及具体方法，包括积极倾听、清晰表达、使用肢体语言、保持礼貌以及化解误解的技巧。 阅读A 主要介绍了选择和偏好之间的关系。 阅读B 介绍了四种不同的交流方式：面对面交谈、打电话、发短信、使用手语，说明了每种方式的特点和适用场景，帮助读者了解不同交流方式的优势。 阅读C 介绍了交流中肢体语言的重要性，指出肢体语言比语言更能传递人的真实想法和感受；并分五类详细讲解了眼神交流、微笑、手势、姿势、触碰的不同表现形式对应的含义，以及使用时的注意事项 五选五 A 一篇关于提高沟通技巧的说明文，提出了培养倾听能力、进行眼神交流、运用肢体语言等具体建议。 五选五 B 主要介绍了更好地进行沟通的几个关键方面。 阅读表达A 文章主要介绍了肢体语言的重要性、不同肢体语言所表达的含义以及不同文化中肢体语言的差异。 阅读表达B 介绍了英语中“Pardon”、“I’m sorry”、“Excuse me”和“What?”这几个表示歉意用语的不同含义和使用场景。 阅读表达C 讲述了牛津大学一项关于课堂肢体语言的研究，介绍肢体语言对课堂沟通的影响、师生不同肢体语言的含义、跨文化差异及相关建议。 一、完形填空 A 阅读下面短文，从各小题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Some decisions can make a difference in your whole life. To make 1 decision, you might need to consider many things. And it’s known that you had better not make a decision too 2 . This can make you feel troubled. Don’t worry. Making a flowchart(流程图) can help you make better decisions. Some decisions may need to be made soon. 3 most decisions won’t fall into this situation. Give yourself some time to really consider your 4 carefully. Then write down the ones that work best for you. The next step is to weigh the advantages and disadvantages of each choice. Sometimes, you may find it 5 to think of some disadvantages. So you can ask others for help. However, the decision is still yours to make. The result is up to 6 . Once you believe you’ve covered all aspects(方面) of your decision, 7 thinking about it for a while. Later, when you look at your notes again, you may feel they need to 8 some things. That is OK. You shouldn’t 9 to make important decisions. You can carry out these steps to any decision in your life, from choosing what subjects to study to finding out how to 10 problems with parents. In the end, the goal is always to make the choice that will help you the most. 1．A．terrible B．proper C．real D．poor 2．A．quietly B．successfully C．carelessly D．wisely 3．A．But B．And C．So D．If 4．A．reports B．chances C．words D．choices 5．A．strange B．happy C．hard D．wrong 6．A．her B．him C．me D．you 7．A．enjoy B．stop C．finish D．imagine 8．A．change B．spread C．invent D．collect 9．A．reach B．enter C．rush D．keep 10．A．help with B．deal with C．wait for D．look for 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．C 6．D 7．B 8．A 9．C 10．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了生活中做决定的重要性以及如何做出正确的决定。 1．句意：为了做出正确的决定，你可能需要考虑很多事情。 terrible糟糕的；proper正确的；real真正的；poor贫穷的。根据“you might need to consider many things”可知，做出一个正确的决定，故选B。 2．句意：众所周知，你最好不要草率地做决定。 quietly安静地；successfully成功地；carelessly粗心地，随意地；wisely明智地。根据“ had better not make a decision too”可知，做决定不要太随意，故选C。 3．句意：但大多数决定都不会陷入这种情况。 But但是；And和；So所以；If如果。根据“Some decisions may need to be made soon.”可知，前后两句是转折关系，故选A。 4．句意：给自己一些时间认真考虑你的选择。 reports报告；chances机会；words单词；choices选择。根据“Give yourself some time to really consider”和“The next step is to weigh the advantages and disadvantages of each choice.”可知，好好考虑自己的选择，故选D。 5．句意：有时候，你可能很难想到一些缺点。 strange奇怪的；happy高兴的；hard艰难的；wrong错误的。根据“think of some disadvantages”和“So you can ask others for help.”可知，很难想起缺点，所以要求助于别人，故选C。 6．句意：结果取决于你。 her她；him他；me我；you你。根据“the decision is still yours to make”和“However, the decision is still yours to make.”可知，决定取决于你，故选D。 7．句意：停止思考一会儿。 enjoy喜欢；stop停止；finish完成；imagine想象。根据“thinking about it for a while”和“Later, when you look at your notes again”可知，停止思考一会，然后再重新看看自己的笔记，故选B。 8．句意：之后，当你再次看笔记时，你可能会觉得它们需要改变一些东西。 change改变；spread扩散；invent发明；collect收集。根据“you may feel they need to”可知，再次看过笔记之后可能需要改变一些东西，故选A。 9．句意：你不应该急于做出重要的决定。 reach到达；enter进入；rush匆忙；keep保持。根据“You shouldn’t...to make important decisions”可知，不应该匆忙做出重要的决定，故选C。 10．句意：你可以把这些步骤运用到你生活中的任何决定中，从选择学习什么科目到找出如何处理与父母之间的问题。 help with帮助；deal with处理；wait for等待；look for寻找。根据“ problems with parents”可知，此处指解决问题，故选B。 B Effective Communication Effective communication is a key skill in every part of our lives. When we talk with others, we need to 1 actively and express ourselves clearly. First, listening carefully can help us 2 others’ true meanings correctly. We should never 3 others while they are speaking, as it shows disrespect. Second, using 4 language like gestures or facial expressions can make our message more vivid and clear. It’s also important to be 5 when we talk—rude words may hurt others’ feelings. Sometimes, we may 6 others because of different cultural contexts or unclear expressions. In this case, we should politely ask others to 7 their ideas again instead of making assumptions. We can also 8 our own thoughts in a gentle way to avoid conflicts. Remember, good communication is a two-way process: we need to speak clearly and listen 9 . By following these tips, we can 10 better relationships with people around us and solve problems more easily. 1．A．speak B．listen C．read D．write 2．A．understand B．miss C．misunderstand D．ignore 3．A．help B．support C．interrupt D．follow 4．A．written B．spoken C．body D．sign 5．A．impolite B．polite C．rude D．quiet 6．A．understand B．know C．misunderstand D．realize 7．A．explain B．show C．hide D．repeat 8．A．keep B．express C．hide D．take 9．A．carefully B．carelessly C．loudly D．angrily 10．A．break B．build C．destroy D．change 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．C 5．B 6．C 7．A 8．B 9．A 10．B 【导语】本文介绍了有效沟通的重要性及具体方法，包括积极倾听、清晰表达、使用肢体语言、保持礼貌以及化解误解的技巧。 1．句意：当我们与他人交谈时，我们需要积极倾听并清晰表达自己。 根据后文“First, listening carefully...”可知，此处强调“倾听”，应用listen。speak“说”、read“读”、write“写”均与后文“listening”的论述不符。 2．句意：仔细倾听能帮助我们正确理解他人的真实意图。 倾听的目的是为了“理解”对方，应用understand。miss“错过”、misunderstand“误解”、ignore“忽视”均与“正确理解”的目标相反。 3．句意：我们绝不应该在别人说话时打断他们，因为那是不尊重的表现。 根据后文“shows disrespect”可知，打断别人是不礼貌的，应用interrupt。help“帮助”、support“支持”、follow“跟随”均与不尊重的语境无关。 4．句意：其次，使用肢体语言如手势或面部表情能让我们的信息更生动清晰。 gestures和facial expressions属于“肢体语言”，应用body language。written“书面的”、spoken“口头的”、sign“手势”虽相关，但body language是统称。 5．句意：说话时保持礼貌也很重要——粗鲁的话语可能伤害他人感情。 根据后文“rude words may hurt others’ feelings”可知，此处应填与rude相反的词，应用polite。impolite“不礼貌”、rude“粗鲁”、quiet“安静”均不符合前后逻辑。 6．句意：有时，我们可能会因为不同的文化背景或不清晰的表达而误解他人。 根据后文“instead of making assumptions”可知，此处指可能“误解”他人，应用misunderstand。understand“理解”、know“知道”、realize“意识到”均与“误解”的语境相反。 7．句意：在这种情况下，我们应该礼貌地请别人再次解释他们的想法，而不是猜测。 当没听清或误解时，应请对方“解释”清楚，应用explain。show“展示”、hide“隐藏”、repeat“重复”均不如explain贴合“解释想法”的语境。 8．句意：我们也可以用温和的方式表达自己的想法以避免冲突。 表达想法应用express our own thoughts。keep“保持”、hide“隐藏”、take“拿”均不符合“表达”的含义。 9．句意：良好的沟通是双向的过程：我们需要说清楚并仔细倾听。 倾听应“仔细地”，应用carefully。carelessly“粗心地”、loudly“大声地”、angrily“生气地”均不符合有效沟通的要求。 10．句意：通过遵循这些建议，我们可以与周围的人建立更好的关系。 有效沟通有助于“建立”良好关系，应用build。break“破坏”、destroy“摧毁”、change“改变”均与积极意义相反。 二、阅读理解 A It is generally believed that we make choices based on our preferences (偏好). For example, we choose a bag because we like it better than other bags. But will we like the bag even better after we choose it? Psychologist Jack Brehm once asked some housewives to rate (给……打分) a few things based on how much they liked them. If they gave two things the same rating, they had to choose one over the other. Then they rated all the things again. This time, all the chosen things got a higher rating. Brehm then said that the act of choosing had changed the women’s preferences. But others questioned Brehm’s finding. They argued that choosing only showed preferences that were already there. A new study suggests there is truth on both sides. To see people’s preference in a scientific way, scientists used fMRI (功能性核磁共振成像) to watch brain activity in 13 volunteers when they chose the place for a vacation. In the first part of the new study, the volunteers went inside the fMRI and rated how happy it would make them to go to Greece, Thailand and other places. Then, outside the fMRI, they chose between pairs of places to which they had given the same rating. Scientists found that even though the volunteers had given the same rating to both places in each pair at first, they always chose the place that raised greater brain activity shown in the fMRI. The finding proves (证明) that choices uncover preexisting (早先存在的) preferences. But the second part of the study also backs Brehm’s point that choices can influence preferences. When the volunteers got back in the fMRI and rated how much they wanted to go to the vacation places again, they showed even higher brain activity for the chosen places. The fMRI data suggest that a person’s choice not only shows a preexisting preference but also shapes future preferences, which helps to end a huge debate in the field. Experts believe that we change our preferences after making a decision so that we won’t think over what may happen if we choose differently. So if we choose the zoo over the seaside, we will probably feel like learning more about the animals and putting our swimsuit away. 1．What did Brehm ask the housewives to do? A．To rate a few things two times. B．To make some bags together. C．To learn about many things. D．To find a place for vacation. 2．The word “shapes” in Paragraph 4 probably means “________”. A．creates B．influences C．chooses D．proves 3．What can we learn from the new study? A．People hardly change their preferences after they make choices. B．People may like something better if they show lower brain activity. C．People show the same brain activity for the places with the same rating. D．People may still have a preference even though they give the same rating. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了选择和偏好之间的关系。 1．细节理解题。根据“Then they rated all the things again”可知，家庭主妇对一些事物做两次评价。故选A。 2．词义猜测题。根据“But the second part of the study also backs Brehm's point that choices can influence preferences”可知，此处是说功能磁共振成像数据表明，一个人的选择不仅显示了一种预先存在的偏好，而且还影响了未来的偏好，这有助于结束该领域的巨大争论。所以划线部分单词与influences“影响”同义，故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据“The fMRI data suggest that a person’s choice not only shows a preexisting preference but also shapes future preferences, which helps to end a huge debate in the field”以及最后一段“So if we choose the zoo over the seaside, we will probably feel like learning more about the animals and putting our swimsuit away”可知，人们在做出选择后几乎不会改变他们的偏好。故选A。 B ①People communicate in many different ways. Each way has its own good sides. ②Talking face to face is a common way. When you talk to someone in person, you can see their facial expressions and body language. This helps you understand their feelings better. It’s good for important conversations, like solving problems with friends. ③Making phone calls is another way. You can talk to someone far away and hear their voice. It’s quicker than writing letters. Many people use phone calls for emergencies. ④Sending text messages is popular, especially among young people. You can send a message anytime, and the other person can reply when they have time. It’s good for short information, like “I’ll be late.” ⑤Using sign language is important for people who can’t hear. It uses hand movements and facial expressions to show meanings. Many parts of the world have their own sign languages. 1．How many ways of communication are mentioned in the passage? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 2．Why is talking face-to-face good for important conversations? A．Because we can see their clothes clearly. B．Because it is quicker than writing letters. C．Because it helps us understand others’ feelings better. D．Because we can talk with more than one person at the same time. 3．What do many people use phone calls for? A．Emergency situations. B．Short information. C．Talking with the old people. D．Solving problems with friends. 4．Which way of communication is especially popular among young people? A．Making phone calls. B．Sending text messages. C．Using sign language. D．Talking face-to-face. 5．Which is the best structure (结构) of the article? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了四种不同的交流方式：面对面交谈、打电话、发短信、使用手语，说明了每种方式的特点和适用场景，帮助读者了解不同交流方式的优势。 1．细节理解题。根据“Talking face to face is a common way.”、“Making phone calls is another way.”、“Sending text messages is popular, especially among young people.”和“Using sign language is important for people who can’t hear. ”可知，文中提到了四种交流方式。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“This helps you understand their feelings better. It’s good for important conversations...”可知，面对面交谈有助于更好地理解他人的感受。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“Many people use phone calls for emergencies”可知，很多人用电话处理紧急情况。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“Sending text messages is popular, especially among young people.”可知，发短信在年轻人中尤其流行。故选B。 5．篇章结构题。根据“People communicate in many different ways. Each way has its own good sides.”可知，第一段引出交流方式这一话题，第②至⑤段分别介绍了面对面交谈、打电话、发短信、手语四种具体方式，D项符合文章结构。故选D。 C Have you ever been to a meeting where the person speaking is obviously not happy with what they’re saying? Maybe they’re telling you about a new product, but their body language tells you that they don’t believe in it. Or maybe they’re trying to make you believe something, but their body language makes them look unsure or even dishonest. Body language—the way we move, use our hands and face, and the expressions on our faces—is an important part of how we communicate with others. In fact, some experts say that it’s more important than the words we use. It can tell people what we really think, even if we’re not saying it out loud. So what does our body language say about us? Here are five things to look out for: Eye contact: In many countries, good eye contact shows that you’re interested and paying attention. But too much eye contact can be aggressive, while too little can make you seem bored or untrustworthy. Smiling: In most cultures, smiling shows that you’re friendly. But there are different kinds of smiles. A big smile with your eyes open wide shows happiness and friendliness. A small smile with your mouth closed shows politeness, but not necessarily happiness. Gestures: The way we use our hands can help explain what we’re saying. For example, if you’re talking about a tall building, you might use your hand to show how tall it is. But gestures can also be impolite, especially if you use them too much or too close to someone else’s face. Posture: The way we sit or stand can show how confident we are. For example, standing up straight with your shoulders back shows confidence, while crossing your arms can make you seem uninterested or defensive. Touch: Touching someone can show that you like or trust them, but it can also be a way of showing power. For example, if someone puts their hand on your shoulder, they’re showing that they’re in charge. Next time you’re in a meeting, try to notice what the other people are saying with their bodies. Are they telling you the same thing as their words? 1．The passage is mainly about ________. A．body language in foreign restaurants B．class discussion in Indian schools C．body language in communication D．English teaching in other countries 2．According to the text, why is body language considered important in communication? A．It shows our true thoughts and feelings. B．It helps us communicate without any words. C．It makes us appear more confident and trustworthy. D．It is the main way of communication in some cultures. 3．What does the underlined word “aggressive” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．Strange and funny. B．Unfriendly and rude. C．Confident and excellent. D．Cool and smart. 4．What does the text suggest about posture? A．Crossed arms can show someone is not interested. B．If you want to show your interest, you can raise your hands. C．Good posture can show others that you are nervous. D．Posture has no influence on communication. 5．According to the text, which of the following is NOT true? A．Smiling means friendliness and happiness in many countries. B．Touching someone shows that you trust and like him/her. C．Overusing gestures can make the listener uncomfortable. D．Eye contact is not useful in communication. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．A 5．D 【导语】本文核心介绍了交流中肢体语言的重要性，指出肢体语言比语言更能传递人的真实想法和感受；并分五类详细讲解了眼神交流、微笑、手势、姿势、触碰的不同表现形式对应的含义，以及使用时的注意事项；最后建议读者在交流中关注他人的肢体语言，判断其肢体表达与语言是否一致。 1．全文围绕“肢体语言是交流的重要部分”展开，依次介绍了眼神交流、微笑、手势、姿势、触碰五种肢体语言的含义和使用要点。 2．第二段“Body language—the way we move, use our hands and face…It can tell people what we really think, even if we’re not saying it out loud.”直接点明肢体语言的核心重要性——能传递人们未说出口的真实想法，原文直接提取信息。 3．第四段第二句“But too much eye contact can be aggressive, while too little can make you seem bored or untrustworthy.”，句中while表正反对比，前后均为“肢体语言使用不当的负面结果”：过少眼神交流→无聊/不可信，过多眼神交流→aggressive(贬义)。结合词义，aggressive在此处指“咄咄逼人的、不友好的”，与“Unfriendly and rude(不友好且粗鲁的)”精准匹配。 4．第七段最后一句“For example, standing up straight with your shoulders back shows confidence, while crossing your arms can make you seem uninterested or defensive.”，原文用“while”明确说明交叉手臂的肢体语言含义——“显得无兴趣或有防备心”，原文直接提取信息。 5．第四段第一句“Eye contact: In many countries, good eye contact shows that you’re interested and paying attention.”原文明确指出“良好的眼神交流能体现对交流的兴趣和专注”，说明眼神交流在沟通中非常有用，因此选项D“眼神交流在沟通中无用”是与原文完全相悖的错误表述。 三、五选五 A Having good communication skills is important. They can help you speak clearly in class, during job interviews, and in everyday life. 1 Develop Good Listening Skills 2 Try your best to understand what other people are talking about and join in the conversation. Make Eye Contact Whether you are speaking or listening, look the person you are talking to in the eye. 3 Eye contact can show that you are paying attention and make the other person more interested in what you are saying. Use Gestures Use your hands and face to help express your ideas. Let your whole body join in the conversation. 4 For a larger group, make your gestures bigger so everyone can see them. 5 By practising the tips above, you can become a better communicator. A．This helps make the conversation more successful. B．Remember, communication is not only about words. C．Good communication starts from being a good listener. D．Here are some simple tips to improve your communication. E．Use smaller gestures when talking to one person or a small group. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 4．E 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇关于提高沟通技巧的说明文，提出了培养倾听能力、进行眼神交流、运用肢体语言等具体建议。 1．前文提到“拥有良好的沟通技巧很重要”，并列举了沟通的作用，此处需要引出下文的具体建议。D项“Here are some simple tips to improve your communication.”起到了承上启下的作用。 2．本段小标题是“培养良好的倾听技巧”，此处应具体说明如何做一个好的倾听者。C项“Good communication starts from being a good listener.”点明了倾听与良好沟通的关系，与后文“努力理解对方并加入对话”相呼应。 3．本段讲眼神交流的重要性，前文提到“无论是说话还是听讲，都要看着对方的眼睛”，此处应说明这样做的好处。A项“This helps make the conversation more successful.”中的“This”指代前文的“看着对方的眼睛”，解释了眼神交流的作用。 4．本段讲运用手势，前文提到“用手和脸帮助表达想法，让整个身体参与对话”，后文提到“面对更大的群体时，手势要更夸张”，此处应补充面对不同群体时手势的调整。E项“Use smaller gestures when talking to one person or a small group.”与后文形成对比，符合逻辑。 5．前文列举了提高沟通技巧的具体方法，此处需要总结全文。B项“Remember, communication is not only about words.”点明沟通不仅限于言语，与上文提到的倾听、眼神、手势等内容相呼应，作为结尾句很合适。 B 阅读短文及文后的A～E选项，选出可以填入各题空白处的最佳选项。 When it comes to communicating better, there are several key aspects. First, 1 . This means putting away distractions, maintaining eye contact, and nodding to show you’re engaged. By doing so, you’ll not only hear the words but also grasp the underlying (潜在的) emotions. Second, 2 . Before speaking, organize your thoughts and use simple, straightforward language. Avoid jargon or overly complex sentences that might confuse your listener. Third, creating a friendly atmosphere is crucial in communication. 3 . Even if you disagree, don’t interrupt. Instead, acknowledge their viewpoints and share your thoughts politely. Fourth, your body language can greatly impact how your message is received. 4 , such as standing or sitting up straight, using appropriate hand gestures, and letting your facial expressions match your words. Finally, 5 . This shows your interest and helps avoid misunderstandings. By following these simple guidelines, you’ll surely become a better communicator. A．if you want to be easily understood, be clear when expressing your ideas B．you should ask questions to clarify things that are uncertain C．if you want to understand others better, listen actively when they are speaking D．Keep your posture open and confident, convey the right message, and watch your body language E．Respecting others’ opinions during the conversation is a good way 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．E 4．D 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了更好地进行沟通的几个关键方面。 1．根据“This means putting away distractions, maintaining eye contact, and nodding to show you’re engaged. By doing so, you’ll not only hear the words but also grasp the underlying (潜在的) emotions.”可知，这里说的是为了理解他人要做的行动，即要积极倾听，选项C“如果你想要更好地理解他人，当他们说话时要积极倾听。”符合语境。故选C。 2．根据“Before speaking, organize your thoughts and use simple, straightforward language. Avoid jargon or overly complex sentences that might confuse your listener.”可知，此处说的是表达想法时要清晰，选项A“如果你想要被容易地理解，表达想法时要清晰。”符合语境。故选A。 3．根据“Even if you disagree, don’t interrupt. Instead, acknowledge their viewpoints and share your thoughts politely.”可知，这里说的是交流中要尊重他人观点，选项E“在交流中尊重他人的观点是一个好方法。”符合语境。故选E。 4．根据“such as standing or sitting up straight, using appropriate hand gestures, and letting your facial expressions match your words.”可知，这里说的是身体语言方面要保持开放和自信的姿态等，选项D“保持开放和自信的姿态，传达正确的信息，注意你的身体语言。”符合语境。故选D。 5．根据“This shows your interest and helps avoid misunderstandings.”可知，此处说的是要问问题来澄清不确定的事情，选项B“你应该问问题来澄清不确定的事情。”符合语境。故选B。 四．语法表达 A 阅读短文，根据短文来回答下面5个问题。 People use body language almost every day. What is body language? How does it work?   Want to speak with your body? Use body language! A “V” gesture shows happiness, victory or peace. Opening the mouth wide shows surprise. This is body language.   When you speak with others, body language is important. Some scientists believe that we do 65 per cent of our communication with body language. Body language is the key to communication. For example, when you make faces, people think you are naughty (淘气的) or shy. Frowning (皱眉) shows you are angry. Sometimes your words say one thing, but your body language says another. For example, you touch your face while telling a lie.   In different cultures, the same body language may have different meanings. Nodding your head in most countries means “Yes”. But in some parts of Greece and Turkey, it means “No”.   Different body language can also mean the same thing. Take “hello” for example. The French like to kiss cheeks to say “hello”. But the Japanese bow (鞠躬). Maoris (毛利人) in New Zealand touch noses with each other when they meet. 1．What does the “V” gesture mean according to the text?   2．What body language is the meaning of anger according to the text?   3．What may a boy do when he is lying? 4．What does “nodding your head” mean in some parts of Greece and Turkey?   5．What way do the French like to use to say  “hello”?   【答案】1．Happiness, victory or peace. 2．Frowning. 3．Touch his face. 4．It means “No”. 5．They like to kiss cheeks. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了肢体语言的重要性、不同肢体语言所表达的含义以及不同文化中肢体语言的差异。 1．根据第二段“A ‘V’ gesture shows happiness, victory or peace.”可知，“V”手势表示幸福、胜利或和平。故填Happiness, victory or peace. 2．根据第四段“Frowning (皱眉) shows you are angry.”可知，皱眉表示你生气了。故填Frowning. 3．根据第四段“Sometimes your words say one thing, but your body languages say another. For example, you touch your face while telling a lie.”可知，有时候你说的话是一种意思，但你的肢体语言却表达了另一种意思。例如，你在说谎的时候会摸脸。由此可知，当一个男孩说谎时，他可能会摸脸。故填Touch his face. 4．根据第五段“Nodding your head in most countries means ‘Yes’. But in some parts of Greece and Turkey, it means ‘No’.”可知，在大多数国家，点头表示“是”，但在希腊和土耳其的一些地方，点头表示“不”。故填It means “No”. 5．根据最后一段“Take ‘hello’ for example. The French like to kiss cheeks to say ‘hello’.”可知，以“你好”为例，法国人喜欢亲吻脸颊来表示“你好”。故填They like to kiss cheeks. B 请阅读下面这篇文章，根据所提供的信息，回答5个小题。要求所写答案语法正确、语义完整。 English has some apologetic terms (表示歉意的用语). It seems that they mean the same thing. They almost do. However, what are the differences between “Pardon”, “I’m sorry”, “Excuse me” and “What?”? Pardon Americans don’t really use “pardon”. If you do, they will probably joke that you’re trying to sound pretentious (自我炫耀的) or joke that you’re British. I’m sorry We often use “I’m sorry” for past events. That’s to say, it is generally used to apologize for something you have already done. For example, if you step on someone’s foot on a crowded bus, you would say “I’m sorry” or “sorry”. Excuse me This is generally an expression to ask permission (允许) for something. For example, you’re walking through a crowded space and someone is in your way. You would say “excuse me” to ask him to move out of your way. What? Americans usually use it to ask someone to repeat himself or herself. If you want to be more polite, you could say “I’m sorry, what was that?” or “Excuse me, what did you say?” or any other such thing. Most Americans will just say “What?” though. In our daily lives, we can also use these terms by mixing them up. You could, for example, ask someone to move by saying “Sorry, would you mind moving?” It’s an extra-polite way to make your request. 1．Who says “pardon” more often, Americans or the British? 2．What expression do we often use for past events? 3．What is the expression “Excuse me” used for? 4．When do Americans usually say “What?”? 5．How many apologetic terms does the passage talk about? 【答案】1．The British say “pardon” more often./The British. 2．We often use “I’m sorry” for past events./“I’m sorry”. 3．It’s used for asking permission for something./For asking permission for something. 4．When they ask someone to repeat himself or herself, they usually say “What?”. 5．The passage talks about four apologetic terms./Four./4. 【导语】本文介绍了英语中“Pardon”、“I’m sorry”、“Excuse me”和“What?”这几个表示歉意用语的不同含义和使用场景。 1．根据“Americans don’t really use ‘pardon’. If you do, they will probably joke that you’re trying to sound pretentious or joke that you’re British.”可知，英国人更常说“pardon”。故填The British say “pardon” more often./The British. 2．根据“We often use ‘I’m sorry’ for past events.”可知，我们经常用“I’m sorry”来描述过去的事情。故填We often use “I’m sorry” for past events./“I’m sorry”. 3．根据“This is generally an expression to ask permission for something.”可知，“Excuse me”是用来请求许可的。故填It’s used for asking permission for something./For asking permission for something. 4．根据“Americans usually use it to ask someone to repeat himself or herself.”可知，当美国人想让别人重复时，通常会说“What?”。故填When they ask someone to repeat himself or herself, they usually say “What?”. 5．根据文章开头“what are the differences between ‘Pardon’, ‘I’m sorry’, ‘Excuse me’ and ‘What?’”可知，这篇文章讨论了四个表示歉意的用语。故填The passage talks about four apologetic terms./ Four./4. 学校将举办“肢体语言与课堂沟通”主题宣讲活动，帮助同学们了解肢体语言对课堂互动的影响。请从下列文章中提取一些关键信息，为本次主题活动的介绍做准备。 C Body Language in Class A study from Oxford University shows that body language influences class communication a lot. The study lasted six months in ten middle schools. In the study, teachers used open body language, like standing straight, smiling, and keeping their arms relaxed. Students became more active in class. They put up hands more often and talked with teachers happily. When teachers frowned or sat with closed bodies, students kept quiet and seldom answered questions. They seemed less willing to join in. The study also found that students’ body language shows their feelings clearly. Those who sit up straight and look at the blackboard usually listen carefully. Students who lie on desks or look out of the window may feel bored or tired. Cross-cultural differences also appeared in the study. Western students like eye contact with teachers to show interest, while some Asian students avoid it to show respect. Researchers advise teachers to learn basic body language. It helps them understand students better and create a relaxing class environment. Good body language brings teachers and students closer and makes learning more enjoyable for everyone. A friendly smile or an encouraging look can make a big difference. 1．How did students react to teachers’ open body language? 2．What may students lying on desks feel? 3．Why do some Asian students avoid eye contact? 4．What can good body language create? 5．What is an example of open body language besides the ones mentioned in the article? 【答案】1．They became more active. 2．Bored or tired. 3．To show respect. 4．A relaxing class environment. 5．Nodding gently./Moving around the classroom. 【导语】本文主要讲述了牛津大学一项关于课堂肢体语言的研究，介绍肢体语言对课堂沟通的影响、师生不同肢体语言的含义、跨文化差异及相关建议。 1．第二段直接说明当老师使用开放肢体语言时，“Students became more active in class. They put up hands more often and talked with teachers happily.”，答案是原文直接信息。 2．第三段明确指出“Students who lie on desks or look out of the window may feel bored or tired.”，为原文具体信息，直接提取。 3．第四段给出原因：“while some Asian students avoid it to show respect.”，答案直接引用原文信息。 4．最后一段提到“Good body language brings teachers and students closer and makes learning more enjoyable for everyone.”以及“create a relaxing class environment”，答案是对该段信息的概括总结。 5．本题是开放性试题，答案不唯一，只需列举文中未提到的开放肢体语言即可，合理作答符合常识即可。 1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02 Units3~4 （语篇综合练） （建议用时：40分钟） 完形填空A 主要介绍了生活中做决定的重要性以及如何做出正确的决定。 完形填空B 介绍了有效沟通的重要性及具体方法，包括积极倾听、清晰表达、使用肢体语言、保持礼貌以及化解误解的技巧。 阅读A 主要介绍了选择和偏好之间的关系。 阅读B 介绍了四种不同的交流方式：面对面交谈、打电话、发短信、使用手语，说明了每种方式的特点和适用场景，帮助读者了解不同交流方式的优势。 阅读C 介绍了交流中肢体语言的重要性，指出肢体语言比语言更能传递人的真实想法和感受；并分五类详细讲解了眼神交流、微笑、手势、姿势、触碰的不同表现形式对应的含义，以及使用时的注意事项 五选五 A 一篇关于提高沟通技巧的说明文，提出了培养倾听能力、进行眼神交流、运用肢体语言等具体建议。 五选五 B 主要介绍了更好地进行沟通的几个关键方面。 阅读表达A 文章主要介绍了肢体语言的重要性、不同肢体语言所表达的含义以及不同文化中肢体语言的差异。 阅读表达B 介绍了英语中“Pardon”、“I’m sorry”、“Excuse me”和“What?”这几个表示歉意用语的不同含义和使用场景。 阅读表达C 讲述了牛津大学一项关于课堂肢体语言的研究，介绍肢体语言对课堂沟通的影响、师生不同肢体语言的含义、跨文化差异及相关建议。 一、完形填空 A 阅读下面短文，从各小题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Some decisions can make a difference in your whole life. To make 1 decision, you might need to consider many things. And it’s known that you had better not make a decision too 2 . This can make you feel troubled. Don’t worry. Making a flowchart(流程图) can help you make better decisions. Some decisions may need to be made soon. 3 most decisions won’t fall into this situation. Give yourself some time to really consider your 4 carefully. Then write down the ones that work best for you. The next step is to weigh the advantages and disadvantages of each choice. Sometimes, you may find it 5 to think of some disadvantages. So you can ask others for help. However, the decision is still yours to make. The result is up to 6 . Once you believe you’ve covered all aspects(方面) of your decision, 7 thinking about it for a while. Later, when you look at your notes again, you may feel they need to 8 some things. That is OK. You shouldn’t 9 to make important decisions. You can carry out these steps to any decision in your life, from choosing what subjects to study to finding out how to 10 problems with parents. In the end, the goal is always to make the choice that will help you the most. 1．A．terrible B．proper C．real D．poor 2．A．quietly B．successfully C．carelessly D．wisely 3．A．But B．And C．So D．If 4．A．reports B．chances C．words D．choices 5．A．strange B．happy C．hard D．wrong 6．A．her B．him C．me D．you 7．A．enjoy B．stop C．finish D．imagine 8．A．change B．spread C．invent D．collect 9．A．reach B．enter C．rush D．keep 10．A．help with B．deal with C．wait for D．look for B Effective Communication Effective communication is a key skill in every part of our lives. When we talk with others, we need to 1 actively and express ourselves clearly. First, listening carefully can help us 2 others’ true meanings correctly. We should never 3 others while they are speaking, as it shows disrespect. Second, using 4 language like gestures or facial expressions can make our message more vivid and clear. It’s also important to be 5 when we talk—rude words may hurt others’ feelings. Sometimes, we may 6 others because of different cultural contexts or unclear expressions. In this case, we should politely ask others to 7 their ideas again instead of making assumptions. We can also 8 our own thoughts in a gentle way to avoid conflicts. Remember, good communication is a two-way process: we need to speak clearly and listen 9 . By following these tips, we can 10 better relationships with people around us and solve problems more easily. 1．A．speak B．listen C．read D．write 2．A．understand B．miss C．misunderstand D．ignore 3．A．help B．support C．interrupt D．follow 4．A．written B．spoken C．body D．sign 5．A．impolite B．polite C．rude D．quiet 6．A．understand B．know C．misunderstand D．realize 7．A．explain B．show C．hide D．repeat 8．A．keep B．express C．hide D．take 9．A．carefully B．carelessly C．loudly D．angrily 10．A．break B．build C．destroy D．change 二、阅读理解 A It is generally believed that we make choices based on our preferences (偏好). For example, we choose a bag because we like it better than other bags. But will we like the bag even better after we choose it? Psychologist Jack Brehm once asked some housewives to rate (给……打分) a few things based on how much they liked them. If they gave two things the same rating, they had to choose one over the other. Then they rated all the things again. This time, all the chosen things got a higher rating. Brehm then said that the act of choosing had changed the women’s preferences. But others questioned Brehm’s finding. They argued that choosing only showed preferences that were already there. A new study suggests there is truth on both sides. To see people’s preference in a scientific way, scientists used fMRI (功能性核磁共振成像) to watch brain activity in 13 volunteers when they chose the place for a vacation. In the first part of the new study, the volunteers went inside the fMRI and rated how happy it would make them to go to Greece, Thailand and other places. Then, outside the fMRI, they chose between pairs of places to which they had given the same rating. Scientists found that even though the volunteers had given the same rating to both places in each pair at first, they always chose the place that raised greater brain activity shown in the fMRI. The finding proves (证明) that choices uncover preexisting (早先存在的) preferences. But the second part of the study also backs Brehm’s point that choices can influence preferences. When the volunteers got back in the fMRI and rated how much they wanted to go to the vacation places again, they showed even higher brain activity for the chosen places. The fMRI data suggest that a person’s choice not only shows a preexisting preference but also shapes future preferences, which helps to end a huge debate in the field. Experts believe that we change our preferences after making a decision so that we won’t think over what may happen if we choose differently. So if we choose the zoo over the seaside, we will probably feel like learning more about the animals and putting our swimsuit away. 1．What did Brehm ask the housewives to do? A．To rate a few things two times. B．To make some bags together. C．To learn about many things. D．To find a place for vacation. 2．The word “shapes” in Paragraph 4 probably means “________”. A．creates B．influences C．chooses D．proves 3．What can we learn from the new study? A．People hardly change their preferences after they make choices. B．People may like something better if they show lower brain activity. C．People show the same brain activity for the places with the same rating. D．People may still have a preference even though they give the same rating. B ①People communicate in many different ways. Each way has its own good sides. ②Talking face to face is a common way. When you talk to someone in person, you can see their facial expressions and body language. This helps you understand their feelings better. It’s good for important conversations, like solving problems with friends. ③Making phone calls is another way. You can talk to someone far away and hear their voice. It’s quicker than writing letters. Many people use phone calls for emergencies. ④Sending text messages is popular, especially among young people. You can send a message anytime, and the other person can reply when they have time. It’s good for short information, like “I’ll be late.” ⑤Using sign language is important for people who can’t hear. It uses hand movements and facial expressions to show meanings. Many parts of the world have their own sign languages. 1．How many ways of communication are mentioned in the passage? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 2．Why is talking face-to-face good for important conversations? A．Because we can see their clothes clearly. B．Because it is quicker than writing letters. C．Because it helps us understand others’ feelings better. D．Because we can talk with more than one person at the same time. 3．What do many people use phone calls for? A．Emergency situations. B．Short information. C．Talking with the old people. D．Solving problems with friends. 4．Which way of communication is especially popular among young people? A．Making phone calls. B．Sending text messages. C．Using sign language. D．Talking face-to-face. 5．Which is the best structure (结构) of the article? A． B． C． D． C Have you ever been to a meeting where the person speaking is obviously not happy with what they’re saying? Maybe they’re telling you about a new product, but their body language tells you that they don’t believe in it. Or maybe they’re trying to make you believe something, but their body language makes them look unsure or even dishonest. Body language—the way we move, use our hands and face, and the expressions on our faces—is an important part of how we communicate with others. In fact, some experts say that it’s more important than the words we use. It can tell people what we really think, even if we’re not saying it out loud. So what does our body language say about us? Here are five things to look out for: Eye contact: In many countries, good eye contact shows that you’re interested and paying attention. But too much eye contact can be aggressive, while too little can make you seem bored or untrustworthy. Smiling: In most cultures, smiling shows that you’re friendly. But there are different kinds of smiles. A big smile with your eyes open wide shows happiness and friendliness. A small smile with your mouth closed shows politeness, but not necessarily happiness. Gestures: The way we use our hands can help explain what we’re saying. For example, if you’re talking about a tall building, you might use your hand to show how tall it is. But gestures can also be impolite, especially if you use them too much or too close to someone else’s face. Posture: The way we sit or stand can show how confident we are. For example, standing up straight with your shoulders back shows confidence, while crossing your arms can make you seem uninterested or defensive. Touch: Touching someone can show that you like or trust them, but it can also be a way of showing power. For example, if someone puts their hand on your shoulder, they’re showing that they’re in charge. Next time you’re in a meeting, try to notice what the other people are saying with their bodies. Are they telling you the same thing as their words? 1．The passage is mainly about ________. A．body language in foreign restaurants B．class discussion in Indian schools C．body language in communication D．English teaching in other countries 2．According to the text, why is body language considered important in communication? A．It shows our true thoughts and feelings. B．It helps us communicate without any words. C．It makes us appear more confident and trustworthy. D．It is the main way of communication in some cultures. 3．What does the underlined word “aggressive” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．Strange and funny. B．Unfriendly and rude. C．Confident and excellent. D．Cool and smart. 4．What does the text suggest about posture? A．Crossed arms can show someone is not interested. B．If you want to show your interest, you can raise your hands. C．Good posture can show others that you are nervous. D．Posture has no influence on communication. 5．According to the text, which of the following is NOT true? A．Smiling means friendliness and happiness in many countries. B．Touching someone shows that you trust and like him/her. C．Overusing gestures can make the listener uncomfortable. D．Eye contact is not useful in communication. 三、五选五 A Having good communication skills is important. They can help you speak clearly in class, during job interviews, and in everyday life. 1 Develop Good Listening Skills 2 Try your best to understand what other people are talking about and join in the conversation. Make Eye Contact Whether you are speaking or listening, look the person you are talking to in the eye. 3 Eye contact can show that you are paying attention and make the other person more interested in what you are saying. Use Gestures Use your hands and face to help express your ideas. Let your whole body join in the conversation. 4 For a larger group, make your gestures bigger so everyone can see them. 5 By practising the tips above, you can become a better communicator. A．This helps make the conversation more successful. B．Remember, communication is not only about words. C．Good communication starts from being a good listener. D．Here are some simple tips to improve your communication. E．Use smaller gestures when talking to one person or a small group. B 阅读短文及文后的A～E选项，选出可以填入各题空白处的最佳选项。 When it comes to communicating better, there are several key aspects. First, 1 . This means putting away distractions, maintaining eye contact, and nodding to show you’re engaged. By doing so, you’ll not only hear the words but also grasp the underlying (潜在的) emotions. Second, 2 . Before speaking, organize your thoughts and use simple, straightforward language. Avoid jargon or overly complex sentences that might confuse your listener. Third, creating a friendly atmosphere is crucial in communication. 3 . Even if you disagree, don’t interrupt. Instead, acknowledge their viewpoints and share your thoughts politely. Fourth, your body language can greatly impact how your message is received. 4 , such as standing or sitting up straight, using appropriate hand gestures, and letting your facial expressions match your words. Finally, 5 . This shows your interest and helps avoid misunderstandings. By following these simple guidelines, you’ll surely become a better communicator. A．if you want to be easily understood, be clear when expressing your ideas B．you should ask questions to clarify things that are uncertain C．if you want to understand others better, listen actively when they are speaking D．Keep your posture open and confident, convey the right message, and watch your body language E．Respecting others’ opinions during the conversation is a good way 四．语法表达 A 阅读短文，根据短文来回答下面5个问题。 People use body language almost every day. What is body language? How does it work?   Want to speak with your body? Use body language! A “V” gesture shows happiness, victory or peace. Opening the mouth wide shows surprise. This is body language.   When you speak with others, body language is important. Some scientists believe that we do 65 per cent of our communication with body language. Body language is the key to communication. For example, when you make faces, people think you are naughty (淘气的) or shy. Frowning (皱眉) shows you are angry. Sometimes your words say one thing, but your body language says another. For example, you touch your face while telling a lie.   In different cultures, the same body language may have different meanings. Nodding your head in most countries means “Yes”. But in some parts of Greece and Turkey, it means “No”.   Different body language can also mean the same thing. Take “hello” for example. The French like to kiss cheeks to say “hello”. But the Japanese bow (鞠躬). Maoris (毛利人) in New Zealand touch noses with each other when they meet. 1．What does the “V” gesture mean according to the text?   2．What body language is the meaning of anger according to the text?   3．What may a boy do when he is lying? 4．What does “nodding your head” mean in some parts of Greece and Turkey?   5．What way do the French like to use to say  “hello”?   B 请阅读下面这篇文章，根据所提供的信息，回答5个小题。要求所写答案语法正确、语义完整。 English has some apologetic terms (表示歉意的用语). It seems that they mean the same thing. They almost do. However, what are the differences between “Pardon”, “I’m sorry”, “Excuse me” and “What?”? Pardon Americans don’t really use “pardon”. If you do, they will probably joke that you’re trying to sound pretentious (自我炫耀的) or joke that you’re British. I’m sorry We often use “I’m sorry” for past events. That’s to say, it is generally used to apologize for something you have already done. For example, if you step on someone’s foot on a crowded bus, you would say “I’m sorry” or “sorry”. Excuse me This is generally an expression to ask permission (允许) for something. For example, you’re walking through a crowded space and someone is in your way. You would say “excuse me” to ask him to move out of your way. What? Americans usually use it to ask someone to repeat himself or herself. If you want to be more polite, you could say “I’m sorry, what was that?” or “Excuse me, what did you say?” or any other such thing. Most Americans will just say “What?” though. In our daily lives, we can also use these terms by mixing them up. You could, for example, ask someone to move by saying “Sorry, would you mind moving?” It’s an extra-polite way to make your request. 1．Who says “pardon” more often, Americans or the British? 2．What expression do we often use for past events? 3．What is the expression “Excuse me” used for? 4．When do Americans usually say “What?”? 5．How many apologetic terms does the passage talk about? C Body Language in Class A study from Oxford University shows that body language influences class communication a lot. The study lasted six months in ten middle schools. In the study, teachers used open body language, like standing straight, smiling, and keeping their arms relaxed. Students became more active in class. They put up hands more often and talked with teachers happily. When teachers frowned or sat with closed bodies, students kept quiet and seldom answered questions. They seemed less willing to join in. The study also found that students’ body language shows their feelings clearly. Those who sit up straight and look at the blackboard usually listen carefully. Students who lie on desks or look out of the window may feel bored or tired. Cross-cultural differences also appeared in the study. Western students like eye contact with teachers to show interest, while some Asian students avoid it to show respect. Researchers advise teachers to learn basic body language. It helps them understand students better and create a relaxing class environment. Good body language brings teachers and students closer and makes learning more enjoyable for everyone. A friendly smile or an encouraging look can make a big difference. 1．How did students react to teachers’ open body language? 2．What may students lying on desks feel? 3．Why do some Asian students avoid eye contact? 4．What can good body language create? 5．What is an example of open body language besides the ones mentioned in the article? 1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $