专题02 Units3～4 （语法综合练）英语北师大版新教材八年级下册

专题02 Units3~4 （语法综合练） （建议用时：40分钟） 一、单项选择。 二、单句语法填空。 三、完成句子。 四、语法填空。 一、单项选择 1．He said, “I’m afraid of dogs.” The indirect speech is: He said ________ afraid of dogs. A．I’m B．he is C．he was D．I was 2．My grandpa said to my grandma, “There are two passports in it.” The indirect speech is: My grandpa said ________ two passports in it. A．there are B．there were C．there is D．there was 3．“Do you know where she lives?” he asked. → He asked ________. A．if I knew where she lived B．if I know where she lives C．if I knew where did she live 4．“I am going to visit you tonight,” she said to me. → She told me that she ________ going to visit me ________. A．was; tonight B．is; that night C．was; that night 5．“I don’t like this book,” he said. →He said that ________ like ________ book. A．he didn’t; that B．he doesn’t; this C．he didn’t; this 6．My mother said, “You must finish your dinner.” → My mother said that I ________ finish ________ dinner. A．must; your B．had to; my C．must; my 7．“I bought this book yesterday,” Jack said. → Jack said that ________ bought ________ book the day before. A．he had; this B．he had; that C．he bought; that 8．The music Sally played ________ so beautiful that everyone clapped for her. A．looked B．sounded C．smelled D．tasted 9．—Look! The woman under the tree is Mary’s mother. —Wow! She ________ so young and beautiful. A．sounds B．looks C．smells D．feels 10．The soup ________ delicious. A．tastes B．is tasted C．tasting D．taste 11．I want to join the swimming club ________ I can learn to swim well. A．so B．because C．but D．and 12．Mozart was not only good at writing music pieces ________ playing the piano at a young age. A．And B．but also C．or D．so 13．I want to go to the park, ________ it is raining heavily. A．and B．but C．or D．so 14．You can read fiction books, ________ you can read non-fiction books in the library. A．and B．but C．either D．or 15．Why not ________ around the town by bicycle? It’s a good way to relax after a busy day. A．getting B．got C．get D．to get 16．I heard my mother ________ that strong roots make strong plants yesterday. A．say B．to say C．said D．saying 17．Classical music is calm and beautiful. It can make you ________ relaxed. A．to feel B．feel C．feeling D．feels 18．Jack’s father doesn’t let him ________ computer games on schooldays. A．playing B．plays C．to play D．play 19．I ________ think he ________ come tomorrow. A．/; won’t B．don’t; will C．/; will be D．don’t; won’t 20．I _________ believe everything _________ be free in 20 years. A．/; won’t B．don’t; won’t C．don’t; will D．will; doesn’t 21．I will wait here ________ you come back. A．until B．when C．while D．because 22．The answers are on the next page, but don’t look at them ________ you’ve finished the exercises! A．because B．though C．when D．until 23．Many people do not realize the importance of health ________ they have fallen ill. A．until B．while C．when D．after 24．—What do you think of the book? —I think it’s very useful. I knew little about Europe ________ I finished reading the book. A．unless B．if C．until D．when 25．—How long will the discussion last? —_______ we reach an agreement. Their plan is _______ ours, so it’s not easy to choose. A．Not until; as good as B．Until; as well as C．Until; as good as D．Not until; as well as 二．单句语法填空 1．“Where did you go yesterday?” Tom asked me. → Tom asked me where I ________ (go) ________. 2．“Will they come tonight?” he asked. → He asked ________ they ________ (come) ________. 3．“Do you like swimming?” Lucy asked. → Lucy asked if I ________ (like) swimming. 4．“I bought this dress yesterday,” Linda said. → Linda said that she ________ (buy) ________ dress the day before. 5．“When did you buy this car?” she asked. →She asked when I ________ (buy) ________ car. 6．Susan won’t call us until she ________ (get) there. 7．The football game was a tie until the other team ________ (score) in the last minute. 8．The boy won’t stop running until he ________ (reach) the finishing line. 9．I often see them ________ (play) basketball on the playground after school. (注意感官动词后的用法) 10．You don’t need to take an umbrella, I don’t think it ____________(rain) today. 三．完成句子 1．It ________ great to have a pet, but it’s not easy to make the right ________. 养一只宠物听起来很棒，但做出正确的选择不容易。 2．这只猫的毛摸起来柔软又光滑。 The fur of this cat ________ ________ and smooth. 3．不仅野生动物需要帮助，我们周围的动物也需要我们的照顾。 ________ ________ are wild animals in need of help, ________ ________ the animals around us need our care. 4．在春天，这个城市既不下雪，也不下雨，天气非常干燥。 In spring, it _________ snows _________ rains in this city, and the weather is very dry. 5．我认为他明天不会去参加会议。 I ________ ________ he ________ ________ to the meeting tomorrow. 6．The teacher said to us: “Don’t waste time on meaningless things.”（改为间接引语） The teacher told us ________ ________ waste time on meaningless things. 7．My friend said, “You should join the music club.” (直接引语改为间接引语) My friend advised ________ ________ ________ ________ the music club. 8． The mother asked her son, “What is wrong?” (直接引语改为间接引语) The mother asked her son ________ ________ wrong. 9．We never ________ ________ anything ________ one day, when I was about three. 我们一直无忧无虑，直到有一天，那时我大约三岁。 10．直到他到达河岸，才发现那座必看的古老桥梁。 He ________ ________ the must-see ancient bridge ________ he ________ the bank of the river. 四．语法填空 A 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Most people don’t need to worry about 1 (safe) at work, but some deal with dangerous situations every day. Their work is important. By 2 (face) danger, they keep us safe. Wang Bin didn’t know what job he wanted to do when he was a student. But he knew he wanted to make a 3 (different). He talked to his friend’s dad, a firefighter, and decided to become a firefighter. He 4 (follow) the advice and started training. He 5 (be) a firefighter for five years now. By putting his life in danger, he 6 (save) hundreds of lives so far. Lily Chen was five years old when she and her mother were in a car accident. Paramedics saved them. That’s why Lily decided 7 (be) a paramedic. She wants to be there for people in need. Alex Smith was good at 8 (fix) things. He decided to become an electrician. It is dangerous to work with electricity, but he loves 9 (be) an electrician. It is a great way 10 (help) people in their lives. B Are you going abroad on holiday this year? Are you thinking about 1 (learn) some of the local languages? Well, you should learn about body language too. It means you use your head and hands instead of words 2 (express) meanings. Body language has different meanings in different cultures. For example, in some Western cultures, people show they don’t understand or they don’t care about something by 3 (shrug) their shoulders. This isn’t common in other places. In Japan, people bow when they greet each other or say 4 (goodbye). This isn’t done in other parts of the world. Another example is nodding. People usually nod 5 (show) agreement. However, in Greece, people nod their heads to say “no”! Sometimes people think they understand the body language of a certain culture, but in fact, they 6 (do not). Take kissing as an example. In many European cultures, women and children are kissed on each cheek by family members or friends. Do you know that Europeans often greet close friends with a kiss on the cheek? However, it is uncommon for two men 7 (do) so. Instead, they usually shake hands and put their free hand on each other’s shoulder. In the Middle East and Thailand, it is very rude 8 (show) the bottom of your shoe when you rest one leg on top of the other. So be 9 (care) when you’re sitting on the bus or in a café! The world of body language can be very difficult to understand. So when you are abroad, be very aware of 10 you are saying with your body! 1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02 Units3~4 （语法综合练） （建议用时：40分钟） 一、单项选择。 二、单句语法填空。 三、完成句子。 四、语法填空。 一、单项选择 1．He said, “I’m afraid of dogs.” The indirect speech is: He said ________ afraid of dogs. A．I’m B．he is C．he was D．I was 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他说：“我怕狗。”间接引语是：他说他怕狗。 根据主句谓语动词“said”为过去式，从句时态需遵循“主句过去时，从句过去时”原则，原直接引语中的“am”要变为“was”；同时直接引语中的主语“I”需指代主句主语“He”，要改为“he”，因此应填he was。 2．My grandpa said to my grandma, “There are two passports in it.” The indirect speech is: My grandpa said ________ two passports in it. A．there are B．there were C．there is D．there was 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我爷爷对我奶奶说：“里面有两本护照。”间接引语是：我爷爷说里面有两本护照。 句子是there be句型，主语“two passports”是复数，be动词用are或were，排除选项C和D；主句谓语动词said为一般过去时，宾语从句的时态需相应调整为过去时态；原句There are为一般现在时，变为间接引语时应改为一般过去时There were。 3．“Do you know where she lives?” he asked. → He asked ________. A．if I knew where she lived B．if I know where she lives C．if I knew where did she live 【答案】A 【详解】句意：“你知道她住在哪里吗？”他问道。→他问我是否知道她住在哪里。 考查间接引语。原句为一般疑问句的直接引语，转换为间接引语时需用if/whether引导，意为“是否”，且主句动词“asked”为过去时，从句时态需相应由一般现在时调整为一般过去时，know的过去式为knew，同时从句语序需用陈述语序。故选A。 4．“I am going to visit you tonight,” she said to me. → She told me that she ________ going to visit me ________. A．was; tonight B．is; that night C．was; that night 【答案】C 【详解】句意：“我今晚要去拜访你，”她对我说。 → 她告诉我她当晚要去拜访我。 考查直接引语变间接引语的语法规则：直接引语变间接引语时，时态需随主句的一般过去时（“told”）倒推，“am going to”要变为“was going to”；时间状语“tonight”（今晚）要对应转换为“that night”（当晚）。 故选C。 5．“I don’t like this book,” he said. →He said that ________ like ________ book. A．he didn’t; that B．he doesn’t; this C．he didn’t; this 【答案】A 【详解】句意：他说他不喜欢那本书。 考查直接引语变间接引语。主句谓语动词said为过去式，间接引语的时态需相应变为一般过去时，don’t like要变为didn’t like；直接引语中的指示代词this在间接引语中需变为that。结合语法规则，故选A。 6．My mother said, “You must finish your dinner.” → My mother said that I ________ finish ________ dinner. A．must; your B．had to; my C．must; my 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我妈妈说：“你必须吃完你的晚餐。”→ 我妈妈说我必须吃完我的晚餐。 考查直接引语和间接引语的转换。must必须；had to不得不，必须；your你的；my我的。在间接引语中，当主句为过去时态时，直接引语中的must通常变为had to，且第一人称和第二人称代词需根据语境调整，此处“you”变为“I”，“your”变为“my”。故选B。 7．“I bought this book yesterday,” Jack said. → Jack said that ________ bought ________ book the day before. A．he had; this B．he had; that C．he bought; that 【答案】B 【详解】句意：“我昨天买了这本书，”杰克说。→ 杰克说他前一天买了那本书。 考查直接引语变间接引语时的时态和人称/指示代词变化。直接引语中的“I”变为间接引语中的“he”；“yesterday”变为“the day before”，因此时态需从一般过去时bought改为过去完成时had bought；“this book”在间接引语中应改为“that book”。故选B。 8．The music Sally played ________ so beautiful that everyone clapped for her. A．looked B．sounded C．smelled D．tasted 【答案】B 【详解】句意：萨莉演奏的音乐听起来如此美妙，以至于每个人都为她鼓掌。 looked看起来；sounded听起来；smelled闻起来；tasted尝起来。根据“The music Sally played”可知音乐是用来听的，应填sounded。 9．—Look! The woman under the tree is Mary’s mother. —Wow! She ________ so young and beautiful. A．sounds B．looks C．smells D．feels 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——看！树下的那个女人是玛丽的妈妈。——哇！她看起来如此年轻漂亮。 sounds听起来；looks看起来；smells闻起来；feels感觉。根据“She...so young and beautiful.”可知，此处描述的是人的外貌，应用“looks”，表示“看起来”。 10．The soup ________ delicious. A．tastes B．is tasted C．tasting D．taste 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这汤尝起来很美味。 tastes尝起来（第三人称单数形式）；is tasted被尝（被动语态）；tasting尝（现在分词/动名词）；taste尝（动词原形）。“taste”作为系动词时，用主动形式表达被动含义，且主语“The soup”是不可数名词，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式tastes。 11．I want to join the swimming club ________ I can learn to swim well. A．so B．because C．but D．and 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我想加入游泳俱乐部，以便我能学好游泳。 考查连词辨析。so以便，表目的；because因为，表原因；but但是，表转折；and和，表并列。根据前后句意可知，加入游泳俱乐部的目的是为了学好游泳，此处是“so+句子”表目的。故选A。 12．Mozart was not only good at writing music pieces ________ playing the piano at a young age. A．And B．but also C．or D．so 【答案】B 【详解】句意：莫扎特不仅擅长创作音乐作品，而且在很小的时候就擅长弹钢琴。 考查连词辨析。and和；but also而且；or或者；so所以。题干中已有“not only”，根据英语固定搭配“not only...but also...”表示“不仅……而且……”，可知此处应填“but also”。故选B。 13．I want to go to the park, ________ it is raining heavily. A．and B．but C．or D．so 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我想去公园，但是雨下得很大。 考查连词辨析。and和；but但是；or或者；so所以。前半句“想去公园”和后半句“雨下得很大”之间是转折关系，因此用but。故选B。 14．You can read fiction books, ________ you can read non-fiction books in the library. A．and B．but C．either D．or 【答案】D 【详解】句意：你可以在图书馆读虚构类书籍，或者读非虚构类书籍。 考查连词辨析。and和，表示并列；but但是，表示转折；either或者；or或者，表示选择。根据句意，前后两个分句是选择关系，表示“可以读虚构类书籍，也可以读非虚构类书籍”，故选D。 15．Why not ________ around the town by bicycle? It’s a good way to relax after a busy day. A．getting B．got C．get D．to get 【答案】C 【详解】句意：为什么不骑自行车绕城镇逛逛呢？这是忙碌一天后放松的好方法。Why not后接动词原形表示建议，意为“为什么不做某事”。 16．I heard my mother ________ that strong roots make strong plants yesterday. A．say B．to say C．said D．saying 【答案】A 【详解】句意：昨天我听到我母亲说强壮的根能长出强壮的植物。 考查非谓语动词。say说（动词原形）；to say说（不定式）；said说（过去式）；saying说（现在分词）。在感官动词hear后接宾语补足语时，主动语态下非谓语动词需用省略to的动词不定式形式，即用动词原形来表示动作全过程，或用现在分词来表示动作正在进行。根据“that strong roots make strong plants”可知，听到的是这一完整动作，应用动词原形say。故选A。 17．Classical music is calm and beautiful. It can make you ________ relaxed. A．to feel B．feel C．feeling D．feels 【答案】B 【详解】句意：古典音乐宁静而优美。它可以让你感到放松。 考查非谓语动词。to feel动词不定式；feel动词原形；feeling动名词；feels第三人称单数形式。make sb. do sth.“让某人做某事”，故此处用动词原形feel。故选B。 18．Jack’s father doesn’t let him ________ computer games on schooldays. A．playing B．plays C．to play D．play 【答案】D 【详解】句意：杰克的父亲不让他在上学的日子玩电脑游戏。 考查非谓语动词。根据“let him...computer games”可知，此处是let sb. do sth.“让某人做某事”，空处用省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。故选D。 19．I ________ think he ________ come tomorrow. A．/; won’t B．don’t; will C．/; will be D．don’t; won’t 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我认为他明天不会来。 考查否定转移。/; won’t主句无否定，从句否定；don’t; will主句否定，从句肯定；/; will主句和从句均为肯定；don’t; won’t主句和从句均否定。在英语中，当主句谓语是think（认为）时，若要对宾语从句的内容进行否定，通常将否定词转移到主句，即用“I don’t think + 肯定形式的宾语从句”表达“我认为……不……”。本句中“他明天不会来”应表达为“I don’t think he will come tomorrow”，从句用肯定形式“will”。“don’t; will”符合否定转移结构。故选B。 20．I _________ believe everything _________ be free in 20 years. A．/; won’t B．don’t; won’t C．don’t; will D．will; doesn’t 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我不相信20年后一切都是免费的。 考查宾语从句的否定前移。根据句意和句子结构可知这是一个宾语从句的否定句，主语是第一人称，且谓语动词是believe，所以宾语从句的否定要前移到主句，排除AD选项，句子已经否定了，后面就不需要再否定，排除B选项，故选C。 21．I will wait here ________ you come back. A．until B．when C．while D．because 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我会在这里等直到你回来。 until直到……为止；when当……时候；while当……时候；because 因为。主句“等待”的动作会持续到从句“你回来”这一时刻结束，表示“直到……为止”，应用 until 引导时间状语从句。 22．The answers are on the next page, but don’t look at them ________ you’ve finished the exercises! A．because B．though C．when D．until 【答案】D 【详解】句意：答案在下一页，但不要看它们，直到你完成练习！ 考查连词辨析。because因为；though尽管；when当……时；until直到。根据句意“不要看答案”和“完成练习”之间的逻辑关系，应表达“在完成练习之前不要看”，即“直到完成练习才看”，符合“not… until… ”结构，引导时间状语从句。故选D。 23．Many people do not realize the importance of health ________ they have fallen ill. A．until B．while C．when D．after 【答案】A 【详解】句意：许多人直到生病了才意识到健康的重要性。 until直到；while当……时候；when当……时候；after在……之后。此处是“直到……才……”的结构，即“not…until…”，表示在某一时刻之前一直没有发生某事，应填until。 24．—What do you think of the book? —I think it’s very useful. I knew little about Europe ________ I finished reading the book. A．unless B．if C．until D．when 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你觉得这本书怎么样？——我觉得它很有用。直到我读完这本书，我才对欧洲有所了解。 unless除非；if如果；until直到……；when当……时。根据“I knew little about Europe”（我对欧洲了解甚少）和“I finished reading the book”（我读完这本书）可知，了解发生在读完书之后，且句子表达“直到读完才了解”，until符合语境。 25．—How long will the discussion last? —_______ we reach an agreement. Their plan is _______ ours, so it’s not easy to choose. A．Not until; as good as B．Until; as well as C．Until; as good as D．Not until; as well as 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——讨论将持续多久？——直到我们达成一致。他们的计划和我们的一样好，所以不容易选择。 第一空回答持续时间，应用Until表示“直到”，Not until意为“直到……才”不符合语境；第二空系动词is后接形容词作表语，good是形容词，well常作副词，修饰plan应用as good as。应填Until; as good as。 二．单句语法填空 1．“Where did you go yesterday?” Tom asked me. → Tom asked me where I ________ (go) ________. 【答案】 had gone the day before 【详解】句意：Tom问我：“你昨天去哪里了？”→Tom问我昨天去了哪里。主句“Tom asked me”是一般过去时，因此宾语从句的时态需要相应调整，直接引语中的一般过去时“did you go”，在间接引语中需要变为过去完成时，表示“过去的过去”，动词go的过去分词为gone，即had gone；“yesterday”要改为the day before“前一天”。故填had gone；the day before。 2．“Will they come tonight?” he asked. → He asked ________ they ________ (come) ________. 【答案】 if/whether would come that night 【详解】句意：“他们今晚会来吗？”他问道。→ 他问他们那天晚上是否会来。come“来”，动词。直接引语为一般疑问句，改为间接引语时需用if或whether引导。主句谓语动词“asked”为一般过去时，从句时态需与其保持一致，一般将来时“will come”改为过去将来时“would come”。时间状语“tonight”需改为that night。故填if/whether；would come；that night。 3．“Do you like swimming?” Lucy asked. → Lucy asked if I ________ (like) swimming. 【答案】liked 【详解】句意：“你喜欢游泳吗？”露西问道。→ 露西问我是否喜欢游泳。like“喜欢”，动词。直接引语为一般疑问句，改为间接引语时需用if引导。主句谓语动词“asked”为一般过去时，从句时态需与其保持一致，一般现在时“like”改为一般过去时liked。故填liked。 4．“I bought this dress yesterday,” Linda said. → Linda said that she ________ (buy) ________ dress the day before. 【答案】 had bought that 【详解】句意：“我昨天买了这条裙子，”琳达说。→琳达说她前一天买了那条裙子。直接引语变间接引语，从句的时态要后退，一般过去时应变为过去完成时，即bought变为had bought；指示代词要变化，this变为that。故填had bought；that。 5．“When did you buy this car?” she asked. →She asked when I ________ (buy) ________ car. 【答案】 had bought that 【详解】句意：她问：“你什么时候买的这辆车？”→她问我什么时候买的那辆车。本题考查直接引语变间接引语的时态和指示代词变化规则。原句中的一般过去时did you buy在间接引语中需要往前推一个时态，变为过去完成时，因此①处填had bought；原句中的this在间接引语中需要变为that，因此②处填that。故填had bought；that。 6．Susan won’t call us until she ________ (get) there. 【答案】gets 【详解】句意：苏珊到那儿之后才会给我们打电话。本句为until引导的时间状语从句，遵循主将从现原则——主句用一般将来时，从句需用一般现在时表将来。从句主语是she，为第三人称单数，一般现在时中，主语为三单时动词需变三单形式，get的三单是gets。 7．The football game was a tie until the other team ________ (score) in the last minute. 【答案】scored 【详解】句意：对方在最后一分钟得分之前，这场足球比赛一直是平局。句中“until”引导的时间状语从句中缺少谓语，score在句中作动词，意为“得分”；根据句中“was”可知，从句中用一般过去时。故填scored。 8．The boy won’t stop running until he ________ (reach) the finishing line. 【答案】reaches 【详解】句意：这个男孩一直跑到终点线才会停下来。在“until”引导的时间状语从句中，如果主句是将来时，从句需用一般现在时表示将来的动作，从句主语“he”是第三人称单数，因此动词“reach”需变为三单形式“reaches”。故填reaches。 9．I often see them ________ (play) basketball on the playground after school. (注意感官动词后的用法) 【答案】play 【详解】句意：我经常看见他们放学后在操场上打篮球。句中“often”表示动作是经常性的，固定搭配see sb. do sth.意为“看见某人做某事 (强调动作的全过程或经常性动作)”，此处需用动词原形play。 10．You don’t need to take an umbrella, I don’t think it ____________(rain) today. 【答案】will rain 【详解】句意：你不必带雨伞。我认为今天不下雨。根据前句“You don’t need to take an umbrella,”句意和宾语从句的时间状语“today”可知，宾语从句应用一般将来时，构成形式为：will+动词原形；再结合否定前移，空格处应用肯定形式。故填will rain。 三．完成句子 1．It ________ great to have a pet, but it’s not easy to make the right ________. 养一只宠物听起来很棒，但做出正确的选择不容易。 【答案】 sounds choice 【详解】原句中“听起来”、“选择”是关键信息，表示“听起来”的系动词是sound，主语It为第三人称单数，用sounds；表示“选择”的名词是choice，“做出正确的选择”用make the right choice表达。故填sounds；choice。 2．这只猫的毛摸起来柔软又光滑。 The fur of this cat ________ ________ and smooth. 【答案】 feels soft 【详解】原句中“摸起来柔软”是关键词，表示“摸起来柔软”的短语是feel soft，本句主语是不可数名词，时态为一般现在时，动词用第三人称单数形式feels。 3．不仅野生动物需要帮助，我们周围的动物也需要我们的照顾。 ________ ________ are wild animals in need of help, ________ ________ the animals around us need our care. 【答案】 Not only but also 【详解】句中“不仅……也……”是关键词，要用固定短语not only…but also…，表示并列，句首首字母要大写。 4．在春天，这个城市既不下雪，也不下雨，天气非常干燥。 In spring, it _________ snows _________ rains in this city, and the weather is very dry. 【答案】 neither nor 【详解】原句中“既不……也不”是关键词，表示“既不……也不”的并列连词短语是neither…nor。分析句子结构可知，此处neither与nor连接并列的谓语动词snows和rains，表示“两者都不”。故填neither；nor。 5．我认为他明天不会去参加会议。 I ________ ________ he ________ ________ to the meeting tomorrow. 【答案】 don’t think will go 【详解】根据英汉句子可知，空格处缺少“认为……不会去……”的英文。在英语中，“I think + 宾语从句”变否定时，否定词要前移至主句的“think”前。主句主语是“I”，一般现在时，借助助动词“don’t”构成否定，所以①填“don’t”，②填“think”；从句根据“tomorrow 明天”可知，用一般将来时“will + 动词原形”，“去参加会议”是“go to the meeting”，所以③填“will”，④填“go”。故填don’t；think；will；go。 6．The teacher said to us: “Don’t waste time on meaningless things.”（改为间接引语） The teacher told us ________ ________ waste time on meaningless things. 【答案】 not to 【详解】句意：原句The teacher said to us: “Don’t waste time on meaningless things.”是直接引语（老师对我们说“不要在无意义的事情上浪费时间”），改为间接引语时，“tell sb. not to do sth.”是固定结构，对应原句的否定祈使句，所以要填“not to”。故填not；to。   7．My friend said, “You should join the music club.” (直接引语改为间接引语) My friend advised ________ ________ ________ ________ the music club. 【答案】 that I should join 【详解】句意：我的朋友建议我应该加入音乐俱乐部。 原句是表建议的直接引语，原句中的“You”指代说话者本人，在间接引语中变为I；陈述句形式的直接引语改为间接引语时，需用that引导宾语从句；原句中的情态动词should保持不变，后接动词原形join。故填that；I；should；join。 8． The mother asked her son, “What is wrong?” (直接引语改为间接引语) The mother asked her son ________ ________ wrong. 【答案】 what was 【详解】句意：妈妈问她的儿子：“怎么了？”。此处要改为间接引语，需用what引导宾语从句，需用其陈述语序；根据“asked”可知，此句时态为一般过去时，所以is应用其过去式was。故填what；was。 9．We never ________ ________ anything ________ one day, when I was about three. 我们一直无忧无虑，直到有一天，那时我大约三岁。 【答案】 worried about until 【详解】原句中“无忧无虑”和“直到”为关键信息，“无忧无虑”对应固定搭配never worried about anything，“直到”用until引导时间状语从句，故填worried; about; until。 10．直到他到达河岸，才发现那座必看的古老桥梁。 He ________ ________ the must-see ancient bridge ________ he ________ the bank of the river. 【答案】 didn’t find until reached 【详解】原句“直到……才……”和“发现”以及“到达”是关键词；“直到……才……”对应not...until...，“发现”的英文是find，句子描述过去发生的事，用一般过去时，故在实义动词前加didn’t，后接动词原形；表示“到达”的动词是reached。 四．语法填空 A 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Most people don’t need to worry about 1 (safe) at work, but some deal with dangerous situations every day. Their work is important. By 2 (face) danger, they keep us safe. Wang Bin didn’t know what job he wanted to do when he was a student. But he knew he wanted to make a 3 (different). He talked to his friend’s dad, a firefighter, and decided to become a firefighter. He 4 (follow) the advice and started training. He 5 (be) a firefighter for five years now. By putting his life in danger, he 6 (save) hundreds of lives so far. Lily Chen was five years old when she and her mother were in a car accident. Paramedics saved them. That’s why Lily decided 7 (be) a paramedic. She wants to be there for people in need. Alex Smith was good at 8 (fix) things. He decided to become an electrician. It is dangerous to work with electricity, but he loves 9 (be) an electrician. It is a great way 10 (help) people in their lives. 【答案】1．safety 2．facing 3．difference 4．followed 5．has been 6．has saved 7．to be 8．fixing 9．being 10．to help 【导语】本文讲了有些工作很危险，但有些人冒着危险帮助和保护别人，他们的工作很重要。文中分别举了消防员王斌、医护人员莉莉和电工亚历克斯的例子，说明他们为什么选择这份危险又有意义的工作。 1．句意：大多数人在工作中不必担心安全问题，但有些人每天都要应对危险情况。根据“about”可知，此处应用名词，safe意为“安全的”，名词形式是safety。 2．句意：通过面对危险，他们保护着我们的安全。根据“By”可知，后面应用动名词形式，face的动名词形式为facing。 3．句意：但他知道自己想要有所作为。make a difference是固定搭配，意为“有影响；起作用”，故填difference。 4．句意：他听从了建议并开始训练。根据“started training”可知，此处应用动词过去式，follow的过去式是在最后加ed，故填followed。 5．句意：到现在为止，他已经做了五年的消防员。根据“for five years”可知，此处应用现在完成时，且主语He为三单，故be的现在完成时形式是has been。 6．句意：冒着生命危险，他已经拯救了数百人的生命。根据“so far”可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语he为三单，故save的现在完成时形式是has saved。 7．句意：这就是莉莉决定成为一名医护人员的原因。decide to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“决定做某事”，故填to be。 8．句意：亚历克斯・史密斯擅长修理东西。be good at doing sth.是固定搭配，意为“擅长做某事”，故填fixing。 9．句意：和电打交道很危险，但他喜欢做一名电工。love doing sth.意为“喜欢做某事”，表示长期、一贯的爱好，love to do sth.“喜欢做某事”，更偏具体某一次、想要去做, 根据语境，此处指他热爱他的工作，故填being。 10．句意：这是一种能在日常生活中帮助人们的好方法。a way to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“做某事的方法”，故填to help。 B Are you going abroad on holiday this year? Are you thinking about 1 (learn) some of the local languages? Well, you should learn about body language too. It means you use your head and hands instead of words 2 (express) meanings. Body language has different meanings in different cultures. For example, in some Western cultures, people show they don’t understand or they don’t care about something by 3 (shrug) their shoulders. This isn’t common in other places. In Japan, people bow when they greet each other or say 4 (goodbye). This isn’t done in other parts of the world. Another example is nodding. People usually nod 5 (show) agreement. However, in Greece, people nod their heads to say “no”! Sometimes people think they understand the body language of a certain culture, but in fact, they 6 (do not). Take kissing as an example. In many European cultures, women and children are kissed on each cheek by family members or friends. Do you know that Europeans often greet close friends with a kiss on the cheek? However, it is uncommon for two men 7 (do) so. Instead, they usually shake hands and put their free hand on each other’s shoulder. In the Middle East and Thailand, it is very rude 8 (show) the bottom of your shoe when you rest one leg on top of the other. So be 9 (care) when you’re sitting on the bus or in a café! The world of body language can be very difficult to understand. So when you are abroad, be very aware of 10 you are saying with your body! 【答案】1．learning 2． to express 3．shrugging 4． goodbye 5．to show 6．don’t 7．to do 8．to show 9．careful 10．what 【导语】本文介绍肢体语言在不同文化中的差异，提醒出国旅行时注意非语言沟通。 1．句意：你在考虑学习一些当地语言吗？“think about”是动词短语，后接名词或动名词作宾语，故用learning。 2．句意：这意味着你使用头和手代替词语来表达意思。空格处表示使用头和手的目的，需用动词不定式作目的状语，故用to express。 3．句意：例如，在一些西方文化中，人们通过耸肩来表示他们不理解或不关心某事。介词“by”后需接动名词作宾语，表示方式，故用shrugging。 4．句意：在日本，人们互相问候或说再见时鞠躬。“say goodbye”是动词短语，意为“说再见”，goodbye直接用原形。 5．句意：人们通常点头表示同意。空格处表示点头的目的，需用动词不定式作目的状语，故用to show。 6．句意：有时人们以为自己理解某一文化的肢体语言，但事实上，他们根本不理解。空格处所在句与“they understand”形成转折，需用一般现在时的否定形式，主语“they”是复数，故用don’t。 7．句意：然而，两个男人这样做是不常见的。“It is+形容词+for sb. to do sth.”句型中，it是形式主语，动词不定式是真正的主语，故用to do。 8．句意：在中东和泰国，当你翘二郎腿时露出鞋底是非常粗鲁的。“It is+形容词+to do sth.”句型中，it是形式主语，动词不定式是真正的主语，故用to show。 9．句意：所以在公交车上或咖啡馆里坐着时要小心。空格前有“be”，需用形容词作表语，表示“小心的”，care的形容词形式是careful。 10．句意：所以当你出国时，要非常注意你的身体在说什么！介词“of”后需接宾语从句，从句中“you are saying”缺少宾语，表示“所说的内容”，需用连接代词what引导。 1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $