专题02 阅读理解 记叙文&议论文（期中真题汇编，江苏专用）高二英语下学期

专题02 阅读理解（记叙文&议论文） 主题01 人与社会——善行义举与公益活动 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二下·江苏无锡江阴市·期中） I was a volunteer with the city of Milpitas, and was studying at mission college. One night after going to class, I was heading home and decided to stop off at a burrito(墨西哥卷饼)restaurant. I got my burrito and started to head for my car when I was approached by a homeless man. He was very dirty and obviously very hungry. He asked me for some change to buy a little food. As I was pulling some change out, I had an idea. I asked him to follow me back into the burrito restaurant to order. He was ashamed of the way he looked and said he did not want to go in there. But I insisted. When he finally followed me in, the people behind the counter refused to let him in, but I told them that I was buying him dinner and he had a right to be there. After we argued over it for a while, they finally gave in. It seemed like he was relieved a bit to be sitting at a table. I asked him to order whatever he wanted. But he only ordered a burrito. For someone who has been on the fringes(边缘)of society, he was very surprised at my generosity. But to me, it was what any “human being” should do or at least offer. You had to be there to see the look in his face. It reminded me when I was young and my mom brought out a big birthday cake for me on my birthday, with all the candy, chocolate and goodies that we were about to eat. I think he felt special, like he was getting attention, something that I could see he hadn’t experienced in a long time. I often think about this story because, to me, it’s not just about helping someone out by feeding them. It’s more about giving them the respect and dignity(尊严)of being a human being and allowing them to feel good about themselves. 1. Why did the homeless man approach the author? A. To ask for a lift. B. To beg for money. C. To request a burrito. D. To seek company. 2. What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 2 refer to? A. Where to sit in the restaurant. B. What to order for the homeless man. C. Whether to buy dinner for the homeless man. D. Whether to allow the homeless man to enter the restaurant. 3. Why does the author mention his birthday in paragraph 3? A. To demonstrate his wonderful childhood. B. To stress the importance of enjoying a feast. C. To contrast his life with that of the homeless man. D. To describe the happy feelings of the homeless man. 4. What is the thing really worth doing according to the author? A. Treating others with respect. B. Ridding the world of hunger. C. Encouraging acts of kindness. D. Paying attention to the homeless. 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. D 4. A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，作者通过讲述自己请流浪汉吃饭的故事说明要给予别人尊重。 1. 细节理解题。根据第一段中“I got my burrito and started to head for my car when I was approached by a homeless man. He was very dirty and obviously very hungry. He asked me for some change to buy a little food.(我拿了我的墨西哥卷饼，正要向我的车走去，这时一个无家可归的人向我走来。他很脏，显然很饿。他向我要一些零钱去买一些食物)”可知，那个流浪汉接近作者是为了乞讨一点钱，故选B。 2. 词义猜测题(代词的指代)。根据第二段中“the people behind the counter refused to let him in, but I told them that I was buying him dinner and he had a right to be there. After we argued over it for a while, they finally gave in.(当他终于跟着我进去时，柜台后面的人拒绝让他进去，但我告诉他们我是请他吃饭，他有权进去。我们为此争论了一会儿之后，他们终于让步了)”可知，上文提到餐馆工作人员不让他进去，但作者坚持要让他进去，故此处指两人为是否允许流浪汉进入餐厅争论，故选D。 3. 推理判断题。根据第三段中“You had to be there to see the look in his face. It reminded me when I was young and my mom brought out a big birthday cake for me on my birthday, with all the candy, chocolate and goodies that we were about to eat. I think he felt special, like he was getting attention(你必须在场才能看到他脸上的表情。这让我想起了我小时候，我妈妈在我生日那天给我带来了一个大生日蛋糕，里面有我们要吃的所有糖果、巧克力和好东西。我觉得他感觉很特别，好像他得到了关注)”可知，作者看到流浪汉的表情想起了自己小时候过生日的场景，故作者提起自己的生日是为了描述流浪汉的高兴之情，故选D。 4. 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“It’s more about giving them the respect and dignity(尊严)of being a human being and allowing them to feel good about themselves.(更多的是给予他们作为人的尊重和尊严，让他们自我感觉良好)”可知，作者认为真正值得做的是尊重别人，故选A。 Passage 2 （24-25学年高二下·江苏省南京市五校联盟·期中） “The Stories in Our Childhood Textbooks Are the Lives We Live as Adults.” This realization inspired Li Yuan to create the video account ”Laikansuba“(meaning “Read Along”), where she and her team reinterpret classic literary works from Chinese textbooks. Li, 26, a digital media graduate from Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, serves as the team’s director. The idea first came to her during a family trip last year to send her younger brother off to college. At the university, she noticed many out-of-town parents doing the same—watching their children take a big step into adulthood. This scene reminded Li of “The View of Father’s Back”(背影), an essay from her middle school Chinese textbook. Written in 1925 by Zhu Ziqing(1898-1948), the piece recounts the author’s departure for Peking University, with the most memorable image being his aging father climbing up and down the train station platform to buy him oranges. “It was amazing to see how real life connected with something I had read in a textbook,” Li said. This inspiration became Laikansuba’s first short film, where Li reimagined the protagonist as a girl reflecting on her own father-daughter relationship. “The core idea, however, remains the same,”she explained. The video resonated deeply with young audiences, garnering over 80 million views across Chinese social media platforms. Encouraged by this success, the team launched an ongoing series offering fresh interpretations of textbook classics, attracting over 2.5 million followers in under a year—mostly viewers aged 18-23. All young protagonists are portrayed by 26-year-old Shu Jiahui. Despite graduating with a software engineering degree from Yibin University and having no formal acting training, Shu developed her passion through internships and self-exploration. It was this raw authenticity that caught Li’s attention, as she found many trained young actors delivered rehearsed performances lacking genuine emotion. She found that many trained young actors tended to deliver rehearsed and predictable performances, lacking the authenticity she was looking for. “I want to make videos that bridge literature with real-life experiences,” Li explained. “I hope to help viewers rediscover emotions they may not have fully grasped as students, and offer new perspectives shaped by time and personal growth.” 1. What inspired Li Yuan to start making videos? A. A family trip to send her brother to college. B. A memory from her childhood textbooks. C. Her graduation from Zhejiang Sci-Tech University. D. A famous actor she met at university. 2. What does the underlined sentence ”The core idea, however, remains the same.“ imply ? A. Chinese fathers are very expressive and always show love openly. B. Chinese fathers are indifferent to their children’s feelings. C. Chinese fathers often criticize children to show love. D. Chinese fathers often keep love hidden, not expressing it openly. 3. Why did Li Yuan choose Shu Jiahui to act in her videos? A. Shu had formal acting training at university. B. Shu’s performances were fresh and authentic. C. Shu was a software engineering teacher. D. Shu had experience working in digital media. 4. What does Li Yuan hope viewers can gain from her videos? A. Skills to become better actors. B. Knowledge about university life in China. C. New emotions and perspectives on old stories. D. A chance to meet famous directors. 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. B 4. C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了 26 岁的李媛从浙江理工大学数字媒体专业毕业后，受送弟弟上大学时的场景启发，创建了视频账号 “来看看吧”，和团队重新演绎语文课本中的经典文学作品。他们的首个视频反响热烈，吸引了众多年轻粉丝。李媛选择非专业演员舒佳慧出演，希望通过视频将文学与现实生活相联系，让观众从新的视角感受旧故事中的情感。 1. 细节理解题。根据第一段“The idea first came to her during a family trip last year to send her younger brother off to college.(这个想法最初出现在去年她送弟弟去上大学的一次家庭旅行中)” 可知，送弟弟上大学的家庭旅行启发李媛开始制作视频，故选A。 2. 推理判断题。根据第二段“This scene reminded Li of “The View of Father’s Back”(背影), an essay from her middle school Chinese textbook. Written in 1925 by Zhu Ziqing(1898-1948), the piece recounts the author’s departure for Peking University, with the most memorable image being his aging father climbing up and down the train station platform to buy him oranges.(这一幕让李媛想起了《背影》，这是她中学语文课本里的一篇文章。该文创作于 1925 年，作者朱自清（1898 - 1948）在文中讲述了自己前往北京大学求学时的情景，其中最令人难忘的画面，是他年迈的父亲在火车站站台上爬上爬下，为他去买橘子)”可知，《背影》中朱自清的父亲默默为儿子做很多事，比如艰难地去为儿子买橘子，而李媛重新演绎时核心思想不变，依旧展现了父亲默默的爱。选项 D“中国父亲常常把爱藏起来，不公开表达”符合推断，故选D。 3. 细节理解题。根据据第四段“Despite graduating with a software engineering degree from Yibin University and having no formal acting training, Shu developed her passion through internships and self - exploration. It was this raw authenticity that caught Li’s attention(尽管舒佳慧毕业于宜宾大学软件工程专业，没有接受过正式的表演训练，但她通过实习和自我探索培养了对表演的热情。正是这种质朴的真实吸引了李媛的注意)” 可知，李媛选择舒佳慧出演是因为她的表演清新真实，故选B。 4. 细节理解题。根据最后一段““I want to make videos that bridge literature with real-life experiences,” Li explained. “I hope to help viewers rediscover emotions they may not have fully grasped as students, and offer new perspectives shaped by time and personal growth.”(李媛解释说：“我想制作将文学与现实生活联系起来的视频。我希望帮助观众重新发现他们作为学生时可能没有完全理解的情感，并提供由时间和个人成长塑造的新视角”)” 可知，李媛希望观众能从她的视频中获得对旧故事的新情感和新视角，故选C。 Passage 3 （24-25学年高二下·江苏省镇江中学·期中） Steve Bagmanyan found his calling in a workshop filled with broken instruments. But every year, the shop brings both joy and heartbreak. Due to budget cuts, the number of technicians has dropped from 60 to just 11, leaving them to repair instruments for more than half a million students in Los Angeles public schools. “The work we do is important and needs to be preserved, but it’s becoming a dying craft,” said Bagmanyan,60, who runs the shop and handles piano repairs. “Children are our future, yet music programs are being cut across the country.” However, there is hope for the shop. The Last Repair Shop, a short documentary featuring Bagmanyan and three other technicians, recently won an Oscar for best documentary short film. The film combines their personal stories with reflections from students who have found comfort and joy in music. Few people even knew the shop existed before the documentary’s release. This workshop, in operation since 1959, is believed to be the last of its kind in the country. Bagmanyan and his team provide free instruments and repairs across the school district, often serving children from low-income families. For many of these children, public schools are their only source of musical instruments, which wealthier families can more easily afford. Since the release of the film, public support has soared. Donations have been made to fund more repairs and strengthen school music programs in Los Angeles. “People are inspired by what we do and want to support a dying art form,” said Ben Proudfoot, who co-directed the documentary. Bagmanyan knows that a poorly maintained instrument can discourage a child from learning. “If an instrument doesn’t work properly, a child might give up on music,” he said. “But when you know the instrument is going to a student who loves it, it’s impossible not to smile.” After 21 years of service, Bagmanyan says his cup is full, knowing that children may carry a love of music with them for a lifetime. “I was planning to retire,” he admitted. “But now I’ll rebuild the shop to what it once was and keep going a little longer.” 1. What is the challenge faced by Bagmanyan? A. Old instruments. B. Declining number of students. C. Low profitability. D. Shortage of skilled technicians. 2. What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A. The career achievements of Bagmanyan. B. The popularity of the documentary. C. The unique history of the school district. D. The importance of the repair shop. 3. How does the documentary impact the shop? A. It enhances the shop’s public image. B. It attracts new business opportunities. C. It helps sustain the shop’s operation. D. It provides education to the community. 4. What do the underlined words “his cup is full” in the last paragraph mean? A. He is ready to retire. B. He feels deeply satisfied. C. He is tired of the spotlight. D. He has become very wealthy. 【答案】1. D 2. D 3. C 4. B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Steve Bagmanyan和他的乐器维修店的故事。 1. 推理判断题。由文章第一段中“Due to budget cuts, the number of technicians has dropped from 60 to just 11, leaving them to repair instruments for more than half a million students in Los Angeles public schools.(由于预算削减，技术人员的人数从60人减少到了仅11人，而他们却要负责维修洛杉矶公立学校超过50万名学生的乐器)”可知，由于预算削减，技术人员的人数从60人减少到只有11人，所以Bagmanyan面临的挑战是技术人员短缺，故选D。 2. 主旨大意题。由文章第四段“Few people even knew the shop existed before the documentary’s release. This workshop, in operation since 1959, is believed to be the last of its kind in the country. Bagmanyan and his team provide free instruments and repairs across the school district, often serving children from low-income families. For many of these children, public schools are their only source of musical instruments, which wealthier families can more easily afford.(在这部纪录片上映之前，几乎没人知道这家工坊的存在。这家自1959年就开始运营的工坊，被认为是全国同类工坊中仅存的一家。巴格马尼扬和他的团队为整个学区的学校提供免费乐器和维修服务，服务对象往往是来自低收入家庭的孩子。对于这些孩子中的许多人来说，公立学校是他们获得乐器的唯一途径，而富裕家庭则更容易负担得起乐器)”可知，本段主要讲述了维修工作室的重要性，故选D。 3. 细节理解题。由文章第五段中“Since the release of the film, public support has soared. Donations have been made to fund more repairs and strengthen school music programs in Los Angeles.(自这部影片上映以来，公众支持度急剧上升。人们纷纷捐款，用于资助更多的维修工作和加强洛杉矶学校的音乐课程)”可知，这部纪录片帮助维持了工作室的运营，故选C。 4. 词句猜测题。由文章最后一段中“After 21 years of service, Bagmanyan says his cup is full, knowing that children may carry a love of music with them for a lifetime.(在服务了21年之后，Bagmanyan表示his cup is full，因为他知道孩子们可能会将这份对音乐的热爱延续一生)”可知，他知道孩子们可能会将这份对音乐的热爱延续一生，由此可知，Bagmanyan对此感到深深的满足，所以his cup is full意思是“已经心满意足”，与He feels deeply satisfied“他感到非常满意”意思相符，故选B。 Passage 4 （24-25学年高二下·江苏苏州·期中） In the morning of the day I had decided to go without using plastic products — or even touching plastic — I opened my eyes and put my feet on the carpet, which is made of nylon, a type of plastic. I was roughly ten seconds into my experiment and I had already broken my rule. Since its invention more than a century ago, plastic has crept into every aspect of our lives. It has made possible thousands of modern conveniences, but it has come with downsides, especially for the environment. My no-plastic day began at the bathroom, where the plastic coating of the door handle forced me to ask my wife, Julie, to open the door. She did so with a “This is going to be a long day” sigh. I could not use my usual toothpaste, toothbrush, shampoo, or soap since they were packaged in or made from plastic. Instead, I used eco-friendly products: a bamboo toothbrush with natural fibers and a shampoo bar with a fresh smell, and they worked well. Dressing and shopping posed challenges. Even my cotton pants had hidden plastic in tags(标签)and zippers(拉链). A small accident with a plastic label left my finger bleeding, so I used paper tape instead of a plastic Band-Aid, while my organic cotton underwear was fine. When shopping, I used cotton bags, glass containers, and coins to avoid plastic credit cards and smartphones; lunch at a sandwich shop was served in my own glass container with a bamboo knife and spoon. In the park, I sat on a wooden chair to escape the plastic in everyday items. By the end of the day, I had made 164 plastic “violations”. Although my effort was imperfect, I learned that small changes—like using a metal water bottle or reusable bags — can help protect our planet. 1. What might have led to the author’s plastic-free experiment? A. His routine behavior. B. His fear of breaking rules. C. His pursuit of convenience. D. His environmental concerns. 2. What can be inferred from Julie’s “This is going to be a long day” sigh? A. She was excited about the experiment. B. She foresaw the experiment’s challenges. C. She wanted to join the no-plastic challenge. D. She questioned the author’s eco-friendly efforts. 3. What does the experiment suggest about reducing plastic use? A. Complete avoidance is achievable. B. Plastic alternatives are ineffective. C. Small changes matter despite challenges. D. Family support plays a crucial role. 4. Which would be the best title for the passage? A. A Day Without Plastic B. Modern Life and Plastic C. Eco-Friendly Challenges D. Rise of Plastic Alternatives 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C 4. A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者进行的一天无塑料生活实验。 1. 推理判断题。根据第一段“It has made possible thousands of modern conveniences, but it has come with downsides, especially for the environment.(它使成千上万的现代便利成为可能，但它也有缺点，尤其是对环境而言)”可知，作者对环境的担忧导致作者的无塑料实验，故选D。 2. 推理判断题。根据第二段“I could not use my usual toothpaste, toothbrush, shampoo, or soap since they were packaged in or made from plastic.(我不能使用我常用的牙膏、牙刷、洗发水或肥皂，因为它们都是用塑料包装或由塑料制成的)”和第三段“Dressing and shopping posed challenges. Even my cotton pants had hidden plastic in tags(标签)and zippers(拉链).(穿衣和购物都是挑战。就连我的棉裤标签和拉链里都藏着塑料)”可知，从Julie“这将是漫长的一天”的叹息中可以推断出她预见到了实验的挑战，故选B。 3. 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Although my effort was imperfect, I learned that small changes — like using a metal water bottle or reusable bags — can help protect our planet.(虽然我的努力并不完美，但我明白了一些小改变——比如使用金属水瓶或可重复使用的袋子——可以帮助保护我们的地球)”可知，该实验对于减少塑料制品使用的启示是尽管存在挑战，微小改变仍能起作用，故选C。 4. 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“In the morning of the day I had decided to go without using plastic products—or even touching plastic — I opened my eyes and put my feet on the carpet, which is made of nylon, a type of plastic.(那天早上，我决定不使用塑料制品——甚至不接触塑料——我睁开眼睛，把脚放在地毯上，地毯是由尼龙制成的，尼龙是一种塑料)”，第二段“My no-plastic day began at the bathroom, where the plastic coating of the door handle forced me to ask my wife, Julie, to open the door.(我的无塑料日从浴室开始，门把手上的塑料涂层迫使我让妻子Julie开门)”和最后一段“By the end of the day, I had made 164 plastic “violations”.(到那天结束时，我已经做了164次塑料“违规”)”可知，本文主要讲的是作者进行的一天无塑料生活实验，因此最好的题目是A选项“A Day Without Plastic(没有塑料的一天)”，故选A。 主题02 人与自我——励志与成长 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二下·淮安市淮安区·期中） Melissa Guerrero-Brown weighed 190 pounds the first time she walked into a wrestling room. At that time, she had no idea what wrestling even was. A year later, wrestling led her down a path of devotion. Having lost 40 pounds, she is one of the most confident teenagers you’ll ever meet. “I feel confident,” Guerrero-Brown said with a smile. “I’m loving myself more.” She was first interested in wrestling, despite knowing nothing about the sport, for she saw kids who looked confident because of the sport. In middle school, she was told she was too fat to wrestle. “They said I couldn’t do it,” Guerrero-Brown said. She did “everything wrong”, Coach Jose Puentes said, the first time she was taught her first takedown(摔倒对手的动作). But she came back the next day and started repeatedly practicing the moves she was taught. “She’s the only wrestler, “Puentes said, “who consistently stays after practices.” Her clothes started to get too big. And it made her even more determined. The confidence was obvious in her wrestling style in a recent final, patient but aggressive. She lost in the final but still wept with joy over the silver medal, embracing her family with a smile. Even if she didn’t win, she felt she had another year to work 10 times harder. Guerrero-Brown has grown up with five siblings. Life was hard for her family. College was never a thought for Guerrero-Brown until she turned wrestler. Puentes said the sport became her ticket out. “Believe in yourself,” Guerrero-Brown said, when asked to give advice to other people struggling with weight. “Don’t let nobody get to you. At the end of the day, they’re not in your shoes. You got this.” 1. What initially attracted Melissa to wrestling? A. Wrestlers’ confidence. B. Her goal of losing weight. C. Her passion for the sport. D. Her friends’ encouragement. 2. What can we infer from her first takedown? A. She was criticized by her coach. B. She was too nervous to perform well. C. She was determined regardless of errors. D. She was not as clever as the other wrestlers. 3. How did Melissa react to winning a silver medal? A. She lost her confidence. B. She kept a positive attitude. C. She felt she could have done better. D. She cried because of disappointment. 4. What is a suitable title for the text? A. Tips on a Good Wrestler. B. Melissa’s Journey to College. C. Wrestling Matters in Weight Loss. D. Wrestling: Melissa’s Path to Success. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B 4. D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述梅利莎·格雷罗-布朗通过摔跤运动减重、收获自信并走向成功的经历。 1. 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“She was first interested in wrestling, despite knowing nothing about the sport, for she saw kids who looked confident because of the sport.(她最初对摔跤感兴趣，尽管对这项运动一无所知，因为她看到孩子们因为这项运动而显得自信)”可知，最初吸引梅利莎从事摔跤运动的是摔跤手们的自信，故选A项。 2. 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“She did “everything wrong”, Coach Jose Puentes said, the first time she was taught her first takedown(摔倒对手的动作). But she came back the next day and started repeatedly practicing the moves she was taught. “She’s the only wrestler, “Puentes said, “who consistently stays after practices.”(教练何塞・普恩特斯说，她第一次学习首个摔跤动作时 “全做错了”，但第二天她就回来，开始反复练习教过的动作。普恩特斯还说：“她是唯一一位在训练后坚持留下来加练的摔跤手。”)”可知，尽管第一次学习摔跤动作时出错，她仍坚定地反复练习，故选C项。 3. 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“She lost in the final but still wept with joy over the silver medal, embracing her family with a smile. Even if she didn’t win, she felt she had another year to work 10 times harder.(她在决赛中输了，但仍因获得银牌而喜悦地流泪，微笑着拥抱家人。即使没有赢，她觉得自己还有一年时间可以更加努力10倍)”可知，梅利莎对获得银牌保持积极态度，故选B项。 4. 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章讲述梅利莎通过摔跤运动实现减重、收获自信，并将其视为人生转折点的经历，体现了摔跤是她走向成功的道路，所以“摔跤：梅利莎的成功之路”概括了全文的主题，适合作为最佳标题，故选D项。 Passage 2 （24-25学年高二下·江苏省南京市中华中学·期中） After I discovered Diet Coke in 1984, I drank at least three 12-ounce cans nearly every day for the next four decades. I was the person who avoided certain airlines because they only served Pepsi. At various times I tried to stop, but I could never prevent myself from drinking it for longer than a week. This year, something happened that changed everything. I had been feeling pain in the left side of my stomach for months, but doctors were unable to figure out the problem. At the same time, I began noticing that my beloved drink left an awful aftertaste I had never noticed before. In late June, after opening up my second can of the day, pains shot across my stomach, and that was my last soda. Just like that, I was done, after 39 years. Why did it take so long? Was I truly psychologically dependent, or was it simply a bad habit？ The American Psychiatric Association doesn’t specifically list Diet Coke addiction. However, research indicates its addictive potential. Ashley Gearhardt at the University of Michigan points to the two “culprits” that can be found in Diet Coke: aspartame and caffeine. Aspartame, 200 times sweeter than regular sugar, and caffeine work together to keep us desiring more. As of now, I’m on Day 41 of being Diet Coke-free. The initial days were extremely difficult due to caffeine withdrawal, but I’m committed to maintaining this new lifestyle. My stomach hurts less, and my sweet tooth is not as persistent. I am quite pleased with myself for having altered a lifelong habit. If I can do this, I can do anything, even if it takes 40 years. 1. What can be inferred about the author from paragraph 1? A. Diet Coke was an inseparable part of his life. B. He tried various ways to stop drinking Diet Coke. C. Diet Coke was less popular before he discovered it. D. He preferred to take flights which didn’t offer Pepsi. 2. What made the author decide to change? A. A doctor’s accurate diagnosis. B. An unexpected shot on his stomach. C. Personal persistent headaches. D. His unfavorable physical reactions. 3. What can replace the underlined word “culprits” in paragraph 3? A. initials B. sponsors C. agents D. sweeteners 4. How does the author feel about giving up Diet Coke? A. Accomplished. B. Disappointed. C. Enthusiastic. D. Conservative. 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. C 4. A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者对健怡可乐(Diet Coke)长达近40年的依赖，以及最终因身体不适而戒掉它的经历，并探讨了健怡可乐可能令人上瘾的原因。 1. 推理判断题。根据第一段“After I discovered Diet Coke in 1984, I drank at least three 12-ounce cans nearly every day for the next four decades…At various times I tried to stop, but I could never prevent myself from drinking it for longer than a week.( 1984 年我发现健怡可乐后，在接下来的四十年里，我几乎每天至少喝三罐 12 盎司装的健怡可乐。我曾多次尝试戒掉，但从来没能坚持一周以上不喝)”可知，作者对健怡可乐极为依赖，健怡可乐是他生活中不可或缺的部分，故选A。 2. 细节理解题。根据第二段“This year, something happened that changed everything. I had been feeling pain in the left side of my stomach for months, but doctors were unable to figure out the problem. At the same time, I began noticing that my beloved drink left an awful aftertaste I had never noticed before. In late June, after opening up my second can of the day, pains shot across my stomach, and that was my last soda.(今年，发生了一些事，改变了一切。几个月来，我的左腹一直疼痛，但医生们查不出病因。与此同时，我开始注意到我心爱的饮料留下了一种我以前从未察觉到的糟糕余味。6 月下旬，在打开当天的第二罐（健怡可乐）后，我的腹部突然一阵剧痛，而那也是我喝的最后一罐汽水)”可知，作者身体出现的这些不良反应促使他决定改变，故选D。 3. 词义猜测题。根据第三段 “Ashley Gearhardt at the University of Michigan points to the two “culprits” that can be found in Diet Coke: aspartame and caffeine. Aspartame, 200 times sweeter than regular sugar, and caffeine work together to keep us desiring more.(密歇根大学的阿什利・吉尔哈特指出了健怡可乐中的两个“culprits”：阿斯巴甜和咖啡因。阿斯巴甜比普通糖甜 200 倍，它和咖啡因共同作用，让我们渴望更多)”中阿斯巴甜和咖啡因可知，这里“culprits”指的是“作用物”，故选C。 4. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“I am quite pleased with myself for having altered a lifelong habit. If I can do this, I can do anything, even if it takes 40 years.(我对自己改变了一个终生的习惯感到非常满意。如果我能做到这一点，我就能做任何事，即使需要 40 年)”可知，作者对戒掉健怡可乐这件事感觉很有成就感，故选A。 Passage 3 （24-25学年高二下·江苏省兴化市四校联考·期中） My parents were excellent cooks. Growing up, I enjoyed being in the kitchen with them. It was a place where I could relax myself, be creative and have fun. In September of 2020, I started a side business in São Paulo selling bread, sauces and other foods online. At the same time, my husband and I were revisiting our dream of living abroad. Canada seemed like the perfect choice because of its diverse(多样的)food culture. I chose to study culinary(烹饪的)management at George Brown College, one of Canada’s top culinary schools. I started my two-year program in September 2022. The program included business courses, such as human resources, and marketing, as well as hands-on cooking classes. I learned skills to be a cook, like working with flavors(味道), and how to prepare large amounts of food. Some days, I was on my feet from 7 am to 5 pm, but my heart was filled with happiness. Being in a kitchen invigorated me. I knew that cooking was what I wanted to do. During my studies, I had some exciting opportunities. I was a finalist in a school cooking competition, where I made salpicao, a traditional Brazilian turkey salad. In April 2024, I entered a cooking competition hosted by Cookin, an app where chefs sell and deliver meals. I created a Brazilian-inspired menu, with dishes from the countryside to the coast, including pulled pork with guava jam and chips. I was one of the winners and got to run an online store, Flavia’s Taste of Brazil, for a week. Using the college’s kitchen, I completed 25 orders, preparing a total of 41 meals. Going back to college wasn’t just about learning the hard skills of cooking. It gave me courage and confidence to go for my love. 1. What can we know about the author when she was a child? A. She loved staying in the kitchen. B. She spent a lot of time in Canada. C. She dreamed of studying abroad. D. She offered to run a side business. 2. Why did the author go to George Brown College? A. To work with her husband. B. To follow her love for cooking. C. To meet her parents’ wishes. D. To find a well-paid job in Brazil. 3. Which best explains the underlined word “invigorated” in paragraph 2? A. Made fun of someone. B. Gave energy to someone. C. Kept track of someone. D. Left a message to someone, 4. What does the author’s success in cooking competitions suggest? A. She is a uniquely gifted teacher. B. She is inspired by other winners. C. She is highly skilled and creative. D. She is lucky enough to be a finalist. 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. B 4. C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者如何从童年时期对烹饪的热爱出发，通过在加拿大的烹饪管理课程学习，最终实现自己的梦想并取得成就。 1. 细节理解题。根据第一段“My parents were excellent cooks. Growing up, I enjoyed being in the kitchen with them. It was a place where I could relax myself, be creative and have fun.(我的父母是出色的厨师。从小到大，我喜欢和他们一起在厨房里。这是一个我可以放松自己，发挥创造力，享受乐趣的地方)”可知，作者小时候喜欢和父母一起待在厨房，故选A。 2. 推理判断题。根据第二段“I chose to study culinary(烹饪的)management at George Brown College, one of Canada's top culinary schools.(我选择了在加拿大顶级烹饪学校之一的乔治布朗学院学习烹饪管理)”并结合最后一段“Going back to college wasn’t just about learning the hard skills of cooking. It gave me courage and confidence to go for my love.(回到大学不仅仅是为了学习烹饪的硬技能。它给了我勇气和信心去追求我的爱)”可推断，作者去 George Brown College是为了追求她对烹饪的热爱，故选B。 3. 词义猜测题。根据画线词前“Some days, I was on my feet from 7 am to 5 pm, but my heart was filled with happiness.(有些日子，我从早上7点一直到下午5点不歇脚，但我的心里充满了幸福)”及画线词后“I knew that cooking was what I wanted to do.(我知道烹饪是我想做的事情)”可推断，一直待在厨房里使作者感到快乐，使作者充满干劲儿。画线词与“Gave energy to someone(给予某人能量)”的意思最接近，故选B。 4. 推理判断题。根据第三段“I was a finalist in a school cooking competition, where I made salpicao, a traditional Brazilian turkey salad. In April 2024, I entered a cooking competition hosted by Cookin, an app where chefs sell and deliver meals. I created a Brazilian-inspired menu, with dishes from the countryside to the coast, including pulled pork with guava jam and chips.(我是学校烹饪比赛的决赛选手，我做了一种传统的巴西火鸡沙拉salpicao。2024年4月，我参加了Cookin举办的一场烹饪比赛。Cookin是一款厨师销售和送餐的应用。我设计了一份巴西风味的菜单，包括从乡村到海岸的菜肴，包括番石榴酱猪肉和薯条)”可推断，在烹饪方面, 作者不仅技术熟练，而且富有创造力，故选C。 Passage 4 （24-25学年高二下·江苏省扬州大学附中学东部分校·期中） Known by the Nazis as the “White Mouse”, Nancy Wake is Australia’s most celebrated World War II resistance fighter. Hearing the name the “White Mouse”, most people would imagine that Nancy was mild, and shy, but nothing could be further from the truth. Nancy Wake was a brave and fearless woman who took part in dangerous tasks to save the lives of Allied servicemen and war refugees. As a journalist living in France, Nancy witnessed firsthand the cruelty of the Nazis and made up her mind to fight it any way she could. When the war started, Nancy helped hundreds of people escape to neutral( 中立的)Spain. Placed on top of the Gestapo’s most-wanted list, Nancy was referred to as the “White Mouse” because of the way she slipped(溜走)through their fingers and avoided detection. Nancy was sent to England in 1943 to join the British Special Operations Executive(SOE). She was trained in parachuting and surveillance(监视), throwing herself into these activities with strength and determination. She was later parachuted into France, where she helped organise and lead resistance fighters. On one memorable occasion she walked and cycled 500km through several German checkpoints to find a radio operator. She believed that being female allowed her to pass through checkpoints that no one else could get through. Nancy received medals from Allied countries. The medals are displayed in the World War II gallery at the Australian War Memorial, and form a fitting tribute to this fearless woman, who passed away in 2011. Perhaps the best words to underline Nancy Wake’s spirit came from her own lips: “I hate wars and violence. But if they come, I don’t see why we women should just wave our men a proud goodbye and then make them shoes, socks and gloves.” 1. What might most people think of Nancy Wake on hearing her nickname? A. She was a protective woman. B. She was gentle and easily harmed. C. She would like to tell the truth all the time. D. She was not afraid of being involved in a war. 2. What did Nancy Wake do at the start of the war? A. She got a full copy of the Gestapo’s most-wanted list. B. She helped people get away from war areas. C. She organised and led resistance fighters. D. She left France for Spain for good. 3. What can be learned about Nancy Wake as a female soldier? A. She fell victim to cruelty easily. B. She died in a parachute accident. C. She became a successful radio operator. D. She got past German checkpoints successfully. 4. Which of the following is probably Nancy Wake’s belief ? A. Women can fight on the front line. B. Women can make a great difference at home. C. Women should be trained to support the family. D. Women shouldn’t put themselves in high-risk situations. 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. D 4. A 【导语】本文是记叙文。本文介绍出生在新西兰的女特工“白鼠”南希·韦克二战期间战功赫赫的传奇经历。 1. 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Hearing the name the “White Mouse”, most people would imagine that Nancy was mild, and shy, but nothing could be further from the truth.(听到“白鼠”这个名字，大多数人会认为南希温和、害羞，但事实远非如此)”可知，听到“白鼠”这个名字大家会觉得Nancy温顺、害羞，即认为她很温柔，很容易受到伤害，故选B项。 2. 细节理解题。根据第三段中“When the war started, Nancy helped hundreds of people escape to neutral(中立的)Spain.(战争开始时，南希帮助数百人逃往中立的西班牙)”可知，战争开始时Nancy帮助人们逃离战区，故选B项。 3. 细节理解题。根据第四段中“On one memorable occasion she walked and cycled 500km through several German checkpoints to find a radio operator. She believed that being female allowed her to pass through checkpoints that no one else could get through.(在一个难忘的时刻，她步行和骑行500公里，穿过几个德国检查站，找到了一名无线电操作员。她认为，作为女性，她可以通过其他人无法通过的检查站)”可知，Nancy曾骑行500公里穿越多个德国检查站，并认为女性身份帮助她成功通过，D选项“她成功地通过了德国多个检查站”直接对应这一事实，故选D项。 4. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“But if they come, I don’t see why we women should just wave our men a proud goodbye and then make them shoes, socks and gloves.(但如果它们来了，我不明白为什么我们女人应该骄傲地向男人挥手告别，然后给他们做鞋子、袜子和手套)”可知，Nancy反对女性仅承担后勤角色，主张战争发生时女性也可以上前线，A选项“女性可以上前线”准确体现了她的信念，故选A项。 Passage 5 （24-25学年高二下·江苏省盐城市五校联考·期中） I used to be the most resolute resolution-maker. Even as a child, I was always goal-oriented and loved the feeling of accomplishing things, and every January 1st, I would dutifully sit down and write out my resolutions for the upcoming year. I always picked big goals, like: In the new year, I will lose 50pounds! And run a marathon! And have a picture-perfect home! Oh, and be the best parent ever who never yelled at my children! The problem? I never accomplished those resolutions. I’d start out strong, but by February or March, I’d be out of willpower and I’d slide quietly back into my old habits. Every winter, I’d feel guilty and ashamed, looking back at all of the amazing things… I didn’t do. Two years ago, I started experiencing severe stomach pain. The doctors weren’t sure what was causing it, and they finally scheduled a surgery to figure it out. But before I could have the surgery, I found a lump, which was diagnosed as breast cancer. I started treatment for it only to discover that the stomach pain was from appendix cancer. That’s right: two different cancers with two different treatment plans at the same time in the same body. It was a lot to deal with-the next year was incredibly difficult. One good thing I can say about cancer is that it completely changed my perspective on my life-especially about what I consider “success” and “failure.” Before, I always felt like I was failing somewhere, but now simply being alive and with my family felt like a huge success. That was when I decided I was done with New Year’s resolutions. I understand the appeal of having a fresh start, but I have learned from my illnesses that you can take the opportunity to start over at any time. In fact, you can start fresh every day if you want to! January 1st is just a day, and it’s not special. You can make the day you decide to be a better person a special day, regardless of what the calendar says. 1. Which can describe the past author best? A. A giant who dreamed big. B. A daydreamer without any action. C. A doer who did what she said. D. An ambitious person who achieved nothing. 2. What does the underlined word “lump” in paragraph 3 mean? A. A cure for cancer. B. A swelling under the skin. C. A physician in charge. D. A specialised hospital. 3. Why did the author stop making New Year’s resolutions? A. She gave up on becoming a better person. B. The resolutions were a waste of willpower. C. Cancer changed her opinion on life. D. The resolutions were too big to realize. 4. Which behavior is the author most likely to choose in the future? A. Try to live one day at a time. B. Seize the day and live it to the fullest. C. Do with all her might whatever she does. D. Change herself for better whenever she means to. 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C 4. D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从过去制定新年计划但未能实现，到经历癌症后对生活态度的转变，最终决定不再制定新年计划的故事。 1. 细节理解题。根据第一段“I always picked big goals, like: In the new year, I will lose 50pounds! And run a marathon! And have a picture-perfect home! Oh, and be the best parent ever who never yelled at my children!(我总是选择大目标，比如：在新的一年里，我要减掉50磅！还要跑马拉松！还要拥有一个完美的家！哦，还要成为从不吼孩子的完美父母！)以及第二段“I never accomplished those resolutions.(我从未实现这些目标)”可知，作者过去是一个有雄心壮志但未能实现目标的人，故选D。 2. 词义猜测题。根据文章第三段“But before I could have the surgery, I found a lump, which was diagnosed as breast cancer.(但在手术前，我发现了一个lump，被诊断为乳腺癌)”可知，作者被诊断为乳腺癌，所以“lump”指的是皮肤下的肿块，故选B。 3. 细节理解题。根据第四段“One good thing I can say about cancer is that it completely changed my perspective on my life-especially about what I consider “success” and “failure.”(关于癌症，我能说的一件好事是，它彻底改变了我对生活的看法，尤其是对“成功”和“失败”的理解)”可知，作者停止制定新年计划是因为癌症改变了她对生活的看法，故选C。 4. 推理判断题。根据第五段“I understand the appeal of having a fresh start,I have learned from my illnesses that you can take the opportunity to start over at any time. In fact, you can start fresh every day if you want to!(我从疾病中学到，你可以在任何时候重新开始。事实上，如果你想的话，你可以每天重新开始)”可推知，作者未来可能会选择随时改变自己，而不是局限于特定的日子，故选D。 议论文 主题01人与社会——AI学术写作利弊 （24-25学年高二下·江苏省泰州中学·期中） We used to write with a pen. Now we generally write on a computer with the help of keyboard. In this digital age, artificial intelligence has become a new type of “pen” which we use to analyze, write and present everything from an article, a thesis, a research paper to a company report, and things alike. Since writing is an essential part of academic life, and since students struggle to produce quality papers, AI powered writing is gaining popularity on campuses. AI is so powerful that it can help with idea development, research design, content development, literature review, data management, as well as help with editing and reviewing of books. AI-powered writing can improve the grammar, structure, and help with citations and consistency to disciplinary standards. Therefore, AI tools can help students, teachers and researchers to overcome the challenges of academic writing, boost research productivity and improve efficiency. However, AI may seem human, but it is not. It may appear accurate, yet it isn’t. It may look intelligent, yet it is not. It may also seem to understand, but it can’t. An analysis done with the help of AI tools with seemingly high efficiency can be neither valid(有效的)nor reliable. Although AI can help write a seemingly nicely structured, grammatically correct and even precisely referenced paper, its research results can’t be accepted as authentic(真实的), because they cannot fully meet the real purpose of research or education as a whole. That is why many universities have been keeping students from using AI tools for academic writing, and have conducted rules limiting, if not altogether banning the use of Generative AI in academic writing. According to a survey of the world’s 100 top universities by Scriber on their attitude to AI writing tools, 18 percent have banned the use of ChatGPT, although individual instructors could allow its use, 27 percent have no clear guidance or policy, and 51 percent have left the decision on individual instructors. Only 4 percent of the universities allow the use of AI(with citation)unless instructors forbid it. 1. What is paragraph 2 of the text mainly about? A. The importance of academic writing. B. The potential users of AI-powered writing. C. The challenges faced by researchers and scholars. D. The popularity of AI-powered writing on campuses. 2. What may be the author’s attitude towards a research report written by AI? A. Negative. B. Dismissive. C. Positive. D. Unclear. 3. Who have the right to decide the use of Al in academic writing in most universities? A. Fund sponsors. B. Individual instructors. C. Would-be graduates. D. Producers of AI tools. 4. Which idiom can best describe AI-powered writing? A. A wet blanket. B. A pie in the sky. C. A double-edged sword. D. A big fish in a small pond. 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. B 4. C 【导语】这是一篇议论文。短文主要阐述了AI写作在大学校园里的普及及其优势，同时指出了其在真实性与可靠性上的不足，以及各高校对此采取的不同监管态度。 1. 主旨大意题。根据第二段“Since writing is an essential part of academic life, and since students struggle to produce quality papers, AI powered writing is gaining popularity on campuses.”(由于写作是学术生活的重要组成部分，而且学生们很难写出高质量的论文，因此人工智能写作在校园里越来越受欢迎)以及“Therefore, AI tools can help students, teachers and researchers to overcome the challenges of academic writing, boost research productivity and improve efficiency.”(因此，人工智能工具可以帮助学生、教师和研究人员克服学术写作的挑战，提高研究生产力，提高效率)可知，第二段主要讲述了AI写作在校园中的流行，故选D。 2. 推理判断题。根据第三段内容，尤其是“Although AI can help write a seemingly nicely structured, grammatically correct and even precisely referenced paper, its research results can’t be accepted as authentic(真实的), because they cannot fully meet the real purpose of research or education as a whole.”(虽然人工智能可以帮助写出一篇看起来结构良好，语法正确，甚至引用准确的论文，但它的研究结果并不能被认为是真实的，因为它们不能完全满足研究或教育的真正目的)可知，作者对AI写作的研究报告持否定态度，故选A。 3. 细节理解题。根据最后一段“According to a survey of the world’s 100 top universities by Scriber on their attitude to AI writing tools, 18 percent have banned the use of ChatGPT, although individual instructors could allow its use, 27 percent have no clear guidance or policy, and 51 percent have left the decision on individual instructors.”(根据Scriber对全球100所顶尖大学对人工智能写作工具态度的调查，18%的大学禁止使用ChatGPT，尽管个别教师可以允许使用，27%的大学没有明确的指导或政策，51%的大学将决定权留给了个别教师)可知，大多数大学由个别导师决定是否使用AI进行学术写作，故选B。 4. 推理判断题。根据第二段“Since writing is an essential part of academic life, and since students struggle to produce quality papers, AI powered writing is gaining popularity on campuses. AI is so powerful that it can help with idea development, research design, content development, literature review, data management, as well as help with editing and reviewing of books. AI-powered writing can improve the grammar, structure, and help with citation s and consistency to disciplinary standards.”(由于写作是学术生活的重要组成部分，而且学生们很难写出高质量的论文，因此人工智能写作在校园里越来越受欢迎。人工智能是如此强大，它可以帮助思想发展，研究设计，内容开发，文献综述，数据管理，以及帮助编辑和评论书籍。人工智能写作可以改善语法、结构，并有助于引用和保持学科标准的一致性)和第三段“However, AI may seem human, but it is not. It may appear accurate, yet it isn’t. It may look intelligent, yet it is not. It may also seem to understand, but it can’t. An analysis done with the help of AI tools with seemingly high efficiency can be neither valid(有效的)nor reliable.”(然而，人工智能可能看起来像人类，但它不是。它可能看起来很准确，但事实并非如此。它可能看起来很聪明，但其实不然。它似乎也能理解，但它不能。借助看似高效的人工智能工具完成的分析既不有效也不可靠)可知，AI写作既有优点也有缺点，最能描述这种情况的成语是“双刃剑”，故选C。 主题01 人与社会——友情、亲情与友谊 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二下·江苏南通·期中） After graduating from high school, we kept in touch. But as we got older, years passed without our seeing each other. We changed careers, circumstances, and addresses. In the spring of 2014, after Rich and Chris spent a weekend biking trails together in Virginia, Chris suggested the three of us plan a tour. I had worried some before that first tour. How well did we know each other after all these years? Did we have as much in common as we used to? Would we have enough to talk about? We might get tired and cranky(烦躁的). What if none of it was fun? I needn’t have worried. We have enough to talk about. We know each other better, now, than ever. We get tired and cranky. Yes, it’s fun. On the trail we talk about friends we have in common and friends we don’t, books, movies, and music. We talk about places we’ve lived or traveled, and other places we might tour. We talk about the things we can’t let go of; things we did, or failed to do; opportunities we missed, or took; choices, good and bad. Moving through a changing landscape, following the rivers or the coast, seems to open us to wider, if not deeper, thinking. Having no goal other than to reach our accommodation before dark presents an unanticipated opportunity to stretch our understanding of each other and ourselves. Unhurried days in nature in the company of friends turn out to be beneficial to reflection. Some places on the trails stay with me more than others. Encounters, too. Like the elderly retriever(寻回犬)on Prince Edward Island, waiting for us at the door of Shaw’s Hotel. It’s because, I think, the pleasures that we don’t anticipate stay with us longest and get richer over time. Among these are friendships that persist despite life’s weather, or because of it. As I write, Chris and Rich are preparing to fly to California, where we’ll ride the Monterey Peninsula and Big Sur, near my home. Already, Tour 3 is underway: In our messages we joke with one another, testing out our lines. We plan, we disagree and cavil(挑剔), we express enthusiasm, and we start conversations, knowing they’ll continue on the trails. 1. What was the author’s primary concern about the planned tour in 2014? A. The cost of the weekend trip. B. The difficulty of the biking trails. C. The physical challenges on the trip. D. The potential of failing to enjoy the trip. 2. What is one of the benefits of traveling together without a specific goal? A. It increases physical strength. B. It encourages deeper thoughts. C. It improves communicating skills. D. It leads to discovering rare landscapes. 3. What does the author imply about unexpected pleasures? A. They fade quickly with time. B. They grow deeper over time. C. They depend on travel modes. D. They become less meaningful. 4. Why does the author mention Tour 3 in the last paragraph? A. To contrast with past experiences. B. To highlight an upcoming travel plan. C. To indicate a continuation of friendship. D. To emphasize unresolved disagreements. 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. B 4. C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者与两位朋友在多年后计划并完成自行车旅行的经历，以及旅行带来的友谊和反思。 1. 细节理解题。根据第二段“I had worried some before that first tour. How well did we know each other after all these years? Did we have as much in common as we used to? Would we have enough to talk about? We might get tired and cranky(烦躁的). What if none of it was fun?(在第一次参观之前，我有些担心。这么多年过去了，我们有多了解对方？我们的共同点还和以前一样多吗？我们有足够的话题可聊吗？我们可能会感到疲倦和暴躁。如果一切都不有趣呢？)”可知，关于2014年计划中的旅行，作者最关心的是无法享受这次旅行的可能性，故选D。 2. 细节理解题。根据第四段“Having no goal other than to reach our accommodation before dark presents an unanticipated opportunity to stretch our understanding of each other and ourselves. Unhurried days in nature in the company of friends turn out to be beneficial to reflection.(除了在天黑前到达住处之外，没有其他目标，这为我们提供了一个意想不到的机会，可以扩大我们对彼此和对自己的了解。在朋友的陪伴下，在大自然中悠闲的日子有利于反思)”可知，没有明确目标的一起旅行的好处是促进更深层次的思考，故选B。 3. 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“It’s because, I think, the pleasures that we don’t anticipate stay with us longest and get richer over time.(我认为，这是因为我们没有预料到的快乐会陪伴我们最久，而且随着时间的推移会变得更丰富)”可知，意想不到的快乐会随着时间的推移而加深，故选B。 4. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Already, Tour 3 is underway: In our messages we joke with one another, testing out our lines. We plan, we disagree and cavil(挑剔), we express enthusiasm, and we start conversations, knowing they’ll continue on the trails.(Tour 3已经开始了：在我们的留言中，我们互相开玩笑，测试我们的台词。我们计划，我们不同意，我们吹毛求疵，我们表达热情，我们开始对话，知道他们会继续前进)”可知，作者在最后一段提到Tour 3是为了表示友谊的延续，故选C。 Passage 2 （24-25学年高二下·江苏徐州·期中） Eppie’s cheeks were flushed with distress. “Thank you, sir and madam. But I can’t leave my father.” Eppie went back to Silas’s chair, and put an arm round his neck, brushing the tears from her eyes. Godfrey was extremely annoyed. He wanted to do what he thought was his duty. And adopting Eppie would make him feel much less guilty about his past. “But, Eppie, you must agree,” he cried. “You are my daughter! Silas Marner, you know, Eppie’s mother was my wife and she is my own child.” Eppie’s face went white. Silas, who had been relieved by hearing Eppie’s answer to Godfrey, now answered bitterly, “Then, sir, why didn’t you confess this sixteen years ago, before I began to love her? Why do you come to take her away now, when it’s like taking the heart out of my body? God gave her to me because you abandoned her! And He considers her mine!” “I think, Marner,” he said firmly, “that you should consider what’s best for Eppie. You shouldn’t stand in her way when she could have a better life.” Silas was silent for a moment. He was worried that perhaps Godfrey was right, and that it was selfish of him to keep Eppie. At last he brought out the difficult words. “All right. Speak to the child. I won't prevent her from going.” Godfrey and his wife were relieved to hear this, and thought Eppie would now agree. “Eppie, my dear,” said Godfrey, “although I haven’t been a good father to you so far, I want to do my best for you now.” But Eppie did not come forward this time. She stood by Silas’s side, holding his hand in hers, and spoke almost coldly. “Thank you for your kind offer. But I wouldn’t be happy if I left father. He’d have nobody if I weren’t here. Nobody shall ever come between him and me!” “But you must make sure, Eppie,” said Silas worriedly, “that you won't be sorry, if you decide to stay with poor people. You could have a much better life.” “I’ll never be sorry,” said Eppie firmly. “I don’t want to be rich, if I can’t live with the people I know and love.” 1. Why did Godfrey want to claim Eppie back? A. To please his present wife. B. To repair his public reputation. C. To ease his sense of guilt. D. To make things easier for Silas. 2. How did Silas feel according to paragraph 3? A. Annoyed. B. Relieved. C. Surprised. D. Confused. 3. What made Silas finally let Eppie make her own decision? A. Pressure from Godfrey. B. His deep love for her. C. Fear of legal consequences. D. His desire for moral superiority. 4. What values does Eppie’s decision mirror? A. Putting personal freedom first. B. Living up to family expectations. C. Focusing on material comforts. D. Valuing emotional bonds over wealth. 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B 4. D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Godfrey想认回Eppie，但Eppie选择留在养父Silas身边的故事。 1. 细节理解题。根据第二段中“And adopting Eppie would make him feel much less guilty about his past.(收养埃皮会让他对自己的过去少一些内疚感)”可知，Godfrey想要认回Eppie是为了减轻他的内疚感，故选C。 2. 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Silas, who had been relieved by hearing Eppie’s answer to Godfrey, now answered bitterly, “Then, sir, why didn’t you confess this sixteen years ago, before I began to love her? Why do you come to take her away now, when it’s like taking the heart out of my body? God gave her to me because you abandoned her! And He considers her mine!”(西拉斯听了埃皮对戈弗雷的回答后松了一口气，现在却愤怒地回答道：“那么，先生，你为什么不在十六年前，在我开始爱她之前承认这一点呢？你为什么现在来把她带走，这就像把我的心从身体里掏出来一样？上帝把她给了我，因为你抛弃了她！上帝认为她是我的！”)”可推知，Silas此时很生气，故选A。 3. 推理判断题。根据第五段“Silas was silent for a moment. He was worried that perhaps Godfrey was right, and that it was selfish of him to keep Eppie. At last he brought out the difficult words. “All right. Speak to the child. I won't prevent her from going.”(西拉斯沉默了一会儿。他担心也许戈弗雷是对的，他留住埃皮是自私的。最后，他艰难地说出了这些话。“好吧。和孩子谈谈。我不会阻止她离开的。”)”可知，Silas是因为深爱着埃皮，担心自己因为爱她而留住她对Eppie不好，所以才让埃皮自己做决定，是他对埃皮深深的爱让他这样做，故选B。 4. 推理判断题。根据最后一段““I’ll never be sorry,” said Eppie firmly. “I don’t want to be rich, if I can’t live with the people I know and love.”(“我永远不会后悔，”埃皮坚定地说。“如果我不能和我认识和爱的人生活在一起，我就不想变得富有。”)”可推知，Eppie的决定反映了她重视情感联系胜过财富的价值观，故选D。 Passage 3 （24-25学年高二下·江苏宿迁市泗阳县·期中） Amir, was a wealthy young master whose father was a merchant, while Hassan was the son of his father’s servant. Although the two had different identities, they grew up together since childhood and were as close as blood brothers. Hassan was extremely loyal to Amir, always unconditionally protecting and supporting him. Hassan consistently guarded Amir, never abandoning him no matter what Amir did to him. The phrase “For you, a thousand times over” is not just a slogan, but also an action of Hassan’s loyalty to Amir. However, in a kite competition, Amir chose to betray Hassan in order to win his father’s approval, witnessing Hassan being bullied but not standing up. Amir betrayed Hassan due to selfishness and timidity(胆怯；羞怯；胆小),causing Hassan to suffer serious injuries. This betrayal not only burdened Amir with lifelong shame, but also brought an end to his relationship with Hassan. After the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan, Amir and his father fled to the United States to start a new life. Despite the changes in his living environment, Amir’s sense of regret followed him like a shadow. He worked hard to attend college in the United States, became a writer after graduation, and married Soraya, the daughter of General Taheri, who also came from Afghanistan. However, the mistakes he had made in the past have always been unforgettable for him. Years later, Amir got a call from Rahim Khan. He found out that Hassan was his half - brother, and both Hassan and his wife were dead. Their son Sohrab was in trouble. Amir went back to Afghanistan to save Sohrab. He fought Assef, who was a Taliban member that time. Sohrab helped Amir win. Finally, Amir took Sohrab to the US to start a new life, trying to make up for his past mistakes. 1. How did Hassan demonstrate his loyalty to Amir? A. By seeking Amir’s mercy. B. By backing Amir up at all costs. C. By competing for Amir in kite battles. D. By inquiring Amir when Amir committed mistakes. 2. Why did Amir betray Hassan during the kite contest? A. To astonish his friends. B. To attain a qualification. C. To show his responsibility. D. To obtain his father’s recognition. 3. What was the consequence of Amir’s betrayal of Hassan? A. Hassan forgave Amir instantly. B. Hassan became a superb writer. C. Amir immigrated to the United States. D. Amir lived with guilt in his remaining years. 4. What would be the best title of this passage? A. Masters and Servants. B. Innocence and Loyalty. C. Selfishness and Timidity. D. Betrayal and Redemption(救赎). 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. D 4. D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了阿米尔与哈桑间的忠诚与背叛，以及阿米尔最终为救哈桑之子而寻求救赎的故事。 1. 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Hassan was extremely loyal to Amir, always unconditionally protecting and supporting him. Hassan consistently guarded Amir, never abandoning him no matter what Amir did to him.(哈桑对阿米尔极为忠诚，总是无条件地保护和支持他。哈桑一直守护着阿米尔，无论阿米尔对他做了什么，他都没有抛弃过他)”可知，哈桑总是无条件地支持阿米尔来展示对阿米尔的忠诚，故选B。 2. 细节理解题。根据第三段中“However, in a kite competition, Amir chose to betray Hassan in order to win his father’s approval, witnessing Hassan being bullied but not standing up.(然而，在一次风筝比赛中，阿米尔为了赢得父亲的认可而选择了背叛哈桑，他目睹了哈桑被欺负，却没有站出来)”可知，阿米尔在风筝比赛中背叛哈桑是为了获得父亲的认可，故选D。 3. 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Despite the changes in his living environment, Amir’s sense of regret followed him like a shadow.(尽管生活环境发生了变化，但阿米尔的悔恨却如影随形)”可知，阿米尔背叛哈桑的后果是阿米尔余生都生活在内疚之中，故选D。 4. 主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合最后一段中“Finally, Amir took Sohrab to the US to start a new life, trying to make up for his past mistakes.(最后，阿米尔带着索拉博去了美国，开始新的生活，试图弥补他过去的错误)”可知，文章主要讲述了阿米尔与哈桑间的忠诚与背叛，以及阿米尔最终为救哈桑之子而寻求救赎的故事，因此本文最好的标题是“背叛与救赎”，故选D。 Passage 4 （24-25学年高二下·淮安市协作体·期中） It was a stormy evening, and all that Neil could hope was to find a shelter that could keep him protected from the chilly wind and cold rain. After work he had to get home on time, as his busy schedule was preventing him from spending quality time with his family. The bus stop on the way provided temporary shelter, where Neil was becoming increasingly agitated(焦虑不安的)with every passing minute. All his evening plans were washed out. “Sir, why don’t you buy a pack of groundnuts(花生)from me?” Neil looked around to see a man in rag standing by his side. “Oh, no, I’m not interested right now.” “Fried groundnuts will do you a world of good now. Moreover, you can also take some for your family.” The very mention of family brought a concern to Neil. His wife had specifically told him to come home early, if not for her sake, at least for the sake of their seven-year-old son. When he was lost in thought, the groundnut seller had filled a bag with the remaining nuts and offered him an unexpectedly low price. But, Neil refused to buy them: “I do not want to buy anything at this point!” Suddenly, he heard a voice of a kid. “Dad, I want some money to buy books for the school.” He saw a ten-year-old boy, totally drenched from top to bottom, as though he had just run a race. He was talking to the groundnut seller. “Yes, yes, I’m ready to leave now. Come! How many books do you want? Why did you get wet in the rain? Your mother must be getting worried.” Neil turned to the seller. There was an instant when they both made the perfect eye contact. Neil had the look of what it is to be a father. The groundnut seller did not say anything and gave the packet of groundnuts without saying a word. Neil pulled a note from his wallet, placed it in the man’s hand, and walked away without waiting for the change. 1. Why did Neil become more anxious at the bus stop? A. The rain stopped him from getting home on time. B. The chilly wind made him feel colder and colder. C. He thought of his boring and heavy work. D. He couldn’t find a good place to keep off the rain. 2. Why didn’t Neil buy the man’s groundnuts at first? A. He didn’t have enough money on him. B. His family doesn’t like groundnuts. C. He was in a bad mood at that time. D. His family was a little poor. 3. What does the underlined word “drenched” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Wet through. B. Very excited. C. Well dressed. D. Sweat heavily. 4. What made Neil buy all the seller’s groundnuts? A. The seller’s generous action. B. His having a pity for the seller. C. The seller’s greatness as a father. D. His being moved by the seller’s son. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. A 4. C 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述Neil因为大雨无法及时赶回家与家人共度美好时光而郁闷，躲雨时被花生小贩同为父亲的责任感所感动。 1. 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“After work he had to get home on time, as his busy schedule was preventing him from spending quality time with his family.(下班之后他必须准时回家，因为他繁忙的日程，使他无法与家人共度美好时光)”以及“All his evening plans were washed out(他所有的晚上计划都泡汤了)”可知，他在公交车站感到焦虑的原因是大雨使他不能按时回家与家人团聚，故选A。 2. 推理判断题。根据上文“The bus stop on the way provided temporary shelter, where Neil was becoming increasingly agitated(焦虑不安的)with every passing minute. All his evening plans were washed out(回家路上的公交车站给他提供了暂时的躲雨的地方，随着每一分钟的流逝，Neil变得越来越焦虑不安。他所有的晚上计划都泡汤了)”可知，此时他心情很糟糕，因此没有心情买花生，故选C。 3. 词义猜测题。根据上文“Suddenly, he heard a voice of a kid.(突然，他听到了一个小孩的声音)”以及下文“Why did you get wet in the rain?(你为什么在雨中淋湿了)”可知，小男孩全身上下都湿透了，所以划线的词意为湿透了，故选A。 4. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Neil turned to the seller. There was an instant when they both made the perfect eye contact. Neil had the look of what it is to be a father.( Neil转向卖家。有那么一瞬间，他们的眼神完美的交流。Neil看到了同为父亲的责任)”可知，Neil被花生小贩同为父亲的责任感所感动，故选C。 Passage 5 （24-25学年高二下·连云港市市区新浦中学等七校联考·期中） Emily Bhatnagar has always loved reading. Growing up, she was really shy, so she always turned to books. They sort of became her best friends when she didn’t have one. In 2019, when Bhatnagar was in her second year of high school, her dad was diagnosed with cancer. The news was difficult for the family. Books became an even bigger comfort, and she started thinking about families in similar situations. When her father recovered, she came up with a plan to help others. “The idea came from just deep gratitude that the doctors were able to save her father,” she says. “But also a hint of sadness that there were kids who were fighting the same battle.” Bhatnagar started a book drive in her hometown, Gaithersburg, Maryland. The goal was to collect books and give them to kids being treated for cancer in local hospitals. Her father was not surprised by this plan. “She was always interested in books, and she always wanted to do things for the neighborhood,” he says. Since the start of the book drive, which she calls For Love & Buttercup, Bhatnagar has collected more than 10,000 books. Bhatnagar had no idea how much attention her work would get. She started by posting on social media, asking people in her area to donate. “I was expecting maybe two or three responses from neighbors,” she says. “But it ended up blowing up,” especially when news stations began reporting it. The public response has been super great. Bhatnagar continues to run the book drive and hopes to one day expand the project to reach more kids. The memory of the first time she visited children who’d received her books sticks with her. “It was the best day of my life,” she says. “I realized I wanted to do this type of work forever.” 1. What can we learn about Bhatnagar from paragraph 2? A. She loves her father dearly. B. She cares for sick children. C. She got into a habit of reading. D. She fought hard against cancer. 2. What is For Love & Buttercup aiming to do? A. To collect over 10,000 books. B. To stimulate children’s interest in books. C. To help raise money for the poor. D. To donate books to kids with cancer. 3. How did Bhatnagar feel about the public response to the book drive? A. It’s unexpected. B. It’s confusing. C. It’s unsatisfactory. D. It’s immediate. 4. Which of the following best describes Bhatnagar? A. Serious and humorous. B. Caring and ambitious. C. Brave and strong-willed. D. Generous and warm-hearted. 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A 4. B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了中学生Emily Bhatnagar成立For Love & Buttercup的故事。 1. 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“ “The idea came from just deep gratitude that the doctors were able to save her father,” she says. “But also a hint of sadness that there were kids who were fighting the same battle.”(她说：“这个想法来自于对医生能够救下她父亲的深深感激。”“但也有一丝悲伤，因为有些孩子在打同样的仗。”)”可知，Emily Bhatnagar关心生病的孩子，故选B。 2. 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The goal was to collect books and give them to kids being treated for cancer in local hospitals.(其目的是收集书籍，并将其送给当地医院正在接受癌症治疗的儿童)”可知For Love & Buttercup的目标是向癌症儿童捐赠书籍，故选D。 3. 推理判断题。根据文章第四段““I was expecting maybe two or three responses from neighbors,” she says. “But it ended up blowing up,” especially when news stations began reporting it. The public response has been super great.( 她说：“我本以为邻居们会做出两三个回应。”。“但它最终爆炸了，”尤其是当新闻台开始报道它时。公众的反应非常好)”可知，Bhatnagar对公众的反应公众的回应感到出乎意料，故选A。 4. 推理判断题。根据文章中Emily Bhatnagar 建立 For Love & Buttercup帮助患癌症孩子及文章最后一段“Bhatnagar continues to run the book drive and hopes to one day expand the project to reach more kids.…“It was the best day of my life,” she says. “I realized I wanted to do this type of work forever.”(Bhatnagar继续开展图书活动，并希望有一天能扩大该项目，让更多的孩子受益。……“这是我一生中最美好的一天，”她说。“我意识到我想永远做这种工作。”)”可知，她很有爱心和雄心，故选B。 Passage 6 （24-25学年高二下·江苏宿迁市泗阳县·期中） Over the weekend, students and teachers from Vaughn arrived in Beijing to kick off a new wave of China-US cultural exchange programs. They visited the Temple of Heaven, the Forbidden City, and the Great Wall, where they marveled at the traditional Chinese architecture and learned about the country’s cultural heritage. The students particularly enjoyed the stories shared by their tour guide at the Forbidden City, such as those about emperors, empresses, and concubines, and found it fascinating to see how different cultures influence storytelling and cultural legacies. Both Principal Li Shuming from BHSFIC and Principal Yvonne Chan from Vaughn Next Century Learning Center emphasized the importance of open-mindedness and the significance of this program. Hosting students from the US provides an opportunity for mutual learning and growth, they emphasized. What I found special about the cultural exchange was the way Principal Chan, who grew up in China and pursued her educational career in the US, spoke to students from both schools through her intercultural experience. She described this exchange as a culmination of the Chinese Dream and the American Dream. The establishment of close connections between youngsters immersed in drastically different cultural backgrounds and experiences is a microcosm of the China-US collaboration. The understanding and connections that started in that very room transcends beyond geography or political borders and points to the hope and peace that is possible between the two nations. The presence of exchange students in our classrooms promoted greater multicultural awareness and encouraged me to reflect on the unique aspects of my own upbringing in Beijing. Their integration into our classes and their eagerness to share their observations about the differences between our lives and theirs back home illustrated the potential for intercultural unity, as long as we continue to create opportunities for communication and understanding. 1. What did the students especially like at the Forbidden City? A. The stories about emperors. B. The food stalls near the entrance. C. The traditional Chinese architecture. D. The shopping opportunities around it. 2. What can we learn from Principal Chan’s words in paragraph3? A. Exchange students have dreams of visiting each other’s countries. B. The exchange is vital for the growth of China and the United States. C. Youngsters take on responsibility to bridge the gap in cultural exchange. D. The program is funded by both the Chinese and American governments. 3. What made Principal Yvonne Chan unique? A. Her challenging journey. B. Her fascinating personality. C. Her fluent multiple languages. D. Her cross-cultural experiences. 4. What is the potential benefit of cultural exchange programs? A. Encouraging students to learn about historical sites. B. Motivating students to pursue careers in education. C. Providing opportunities for students to travel abroad. D. Promoting understanding and unity between countries. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D 4. D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了美国Vaughn学校师生访问北京，参与中美文化交流项目的经历。文章重点描述了他们在故宫的见闻、两位校长对文化交流重要性的看法，以及跨文化体验带来的积极影响。 1. 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“The students particularly enjoyed the stories shared by their tour guide at the Forbidden City, such as those about emperors, empresses, and concubines, and found it fascinating to see how different cultures influence storytelling and cultural legacies.(学生们特别喜欢导游在紫禁城分享的故事，比如关于皇帝、皇后和嫔妃的故事。看到不同的文化如何影响故事讲述和文化遗产，他们感到很有趣)”可知，学生对故宫的帝王故事最感兴趣，故选A。 2. 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“She described this exchange as a culmination of the Chinese Dream and the American Dream. The establishment of close connections between youngsters immersed in drastically different cultural backgrounds and experiences is a microcosm of the China-US collaboration. The understanding and connections that started in that very room transcends beyond geography or political borders and points to the hope and peace that is possible between the two nations.(她将这次交流描述为中国梦和美国梦的高光时刻。在文化背景和经历截然不同的年轻人之间建立的密切联系是中美合作的一个缩影。在那个房间里开始的理解和联系超越了地理或政治边界，指出了两国之间可能存在的希望与和平)”可推知，陈校长认为年轻人承担着弥合文化差异的责任，故选C。 3. 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“What I found special about the cultural exchange was the way Principal Chan, who grew up in China and pursued her educational career in the US, spoke to students from both schools through her intercultural experience.(我觉得这次文化交流的特别之处在于，在中国长大、在美国求学的陈校长通过她的跨文化经历与两所学校的学生交流)”可知，陈校长在中国长大，在美国从事教育事业，因此她的独特之处在于跨文化经历。 故选D。 4. 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Their integration into our classes and their eagerness to share their observations about the differences between our lives and theirs back home illustrated the potential for intercultural unity, as long as we continue to create opportunities for communication and understanding.(他们融入我们的课堂，他们渴望分享他们对我们和他们家乡生活差异的观察，这说明了跨文化团结的潜力，只要我们继续创造交流和理解的机会)”可知，交流项目展示了跨文化团结的潜力，促进国家间的理解与团结。 故选D。 主题02 人与自我——励志与成长 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二下·江苏南通如皋市·期中） On the first day of senior year, Mia sat alone at the back of the music room, her fingers tracing the scar on her left hand-the reminder of a biking accident that had ended her piano dreams two years ago. The room was filled with the chatter of classmates tuning violins and adjusting drum kits, but Mia’s eyes stayed fixed on the dusty piano in the corner. “ Hi, I’m Alex, ” a boy with a guitar slung over his shoulder smiled. “ You play piano, right? I remember seeing you perform at the freshman concert.” Mia tensed, her scar throbbing(颤动)slightly. “Not anymore, ” she mumbled, pretending to study her music sheet. Weeks passed. Mia kept to herself, but Alex’s persistence was unwavering. One afternoon as Mia was sketching(画素描)the piano in her notebook, Alex suddenly said, “What if we did a duet(二重奏)for the winter concert? You could... uh, help me with the piano part?” His ears turned red, and Mia realized he was trying to hide the fact that he already knew about her accident. “I can’t,” Mia said quickly, shutting her notebook. But Alex just shrugged. “No pressure. I’ll be practicing in the music room after school if you change your mind. ” That evening, Mia found herself lingering(徘徊)outside the room. Through the window, she saw Alex struggling with a complicated guitar piece. Something about his determination stirred her. She pushed the door open. “The bridge section needs more harmony,” she said softly. “Like this.” Without thinking, she sat at the piano and played a simple chord progression, her scarred hand trembling but steady. Alex’s eyes lit up. “Perfect! Let’s try it together.” As the concert date neared, Mia noticed something surprising - her hand hurt less when she played, as if the music was healing old wounds. On the night of the concert, the stage lights glimmered on the piano and guitar. Mia took a deep breath, her fingers hovering(悬停)over the keys. When Alex nodded, she began to play, soft and sure. The room was silent, then erupted into applause as their final notes combined. Mia smiled. She realized that Alex had never pitied her; he’d simply seen the music in her heart, waiting to be heard. The scar on her hand still ached sometimes, but now it felt like a reminder of how beauty could grow from brokenness - just like their duet, imperfect yet whole. 1. Why did Mia stop playing the piano? A. She lost interest in music. B. A hand injury affected her skills. C. She preferred sketching to performing. D. Her family couldn’t afford piano lessons. 2. Which word best describes Alex? A. Proud and impatient. B. Sensitive and confident. C. Caring and encouraging. D. Competitive and cooperative. 3. What motivated Mia to join Alex’s duet? A. She felt sorry for Alex’s poor guitar skills. B. She needed to earn extra credit for music class. C. She wanted to prove she was still a great pianist. D. She was moved by Alex’s persistent effort in practicing. 4. What can we infer from the last paragraph about Mia? A. She regretted hiding her talent for so long. B. She no longer felt pain in her scarred hand. C. She decided to become a professional musician. D. She learned to embrace her imperfection through music. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D 4. D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Mia在Alex鼓励下重拾钢琴梦想的故事。 1. 细节理解题。根据第一段中“On the first day of senior year, Mia sat alone at the back of the music room, her fingers tracing the scar on her left hand-the reminder of a biking accident that had ended her piano dreams two years ago.(大四第一天，Mia独自坐在音乐室后面，她的手指划过左手上的伤疤——这让她想起两年前的一场自行车事故，这场事故终结了她的钢琴梦)”可知，Mia停止弹钢琴是因为手部受伤影响了她的技能，故选B。 2. 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Mia kept to herself, but Alex’s persistence was unwavering. One afternoon as Mia was sketching(画素描)the piano in her notebook, Alex suddenly said, “What if we did a duet(二重奏)for the winter concert? You could... uh, help me with the piano part?”(Mia总是独来独往，但Alex的坚持却毫不动摇。一天下午，当Mia正在笔记本上画钢琴素描时，Alex突然说：“如果我们为冬季音乐会来个二重奏怎么样？你可以……呃，帮我弹钢琴部分吗？”)”以及第四段中“No pressure. I’ll be practicing in the music room after school if you change your mind.(别有压力。如果你改变主意了，我放学后会在音乐室练习)”可知，Alex关心Mia，并鼓励她一起参加二重奏，推测他是一个关心他人且鼓励他人的人，故选C。 3. 细节理解题。根据第五段中“Through the window, she saw Alex struggling with a complicated guitar piece. Something about his determination stirred her.(透过窗户，她看到Alex正在努力弹奏一首复杂的吉他曲。他的某种决心打动了她)”可知，Mia被Alex坚持不懈的努力所打动，从而决定加入他的二重奏，故选D。 4. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The scar on her hand still ached sometimes, but now it felt like a reminder of how beauty could grow from brokenness - just like their duet, imperfect yet whole.(她手上的伤疤有时还会疼，但现在它仿佛在提醒她，美是如何从破碎中生长出来的——就像他们的二重奏，不完美却完整)”可推知，Mia通过音乐学会了接受自己的不完美，故选D。 Passage 2 （24-25学年高二下·江苏宿迁市沭阳县·期中） When my son started preschool, I realized he was different. Almost every morning at drop-off, he would hold on to my leg until I could free myself and run away feeling guilty. I soon learned that he spent most days with his head on his desk, refusing to speak or make eye contact with anyone. However, he had no problem speaking at home, which puzzled me. It wasn’t long before he was diagnosed with selective mutism(SM), a rare form of anxiety characterized by the inability to speak in certain situations. For a child like him, school and other social situations can be especially stressful, which explained why my son didn’t want me to leave him there. I went into full mama bear mode. Each year, I wrote a detailed email to his classroom teacher before the start of school, giving them information on how to deal with him in class. But in a large public school, with nearly 40 kids per class and only one counselor(顾问)to deal with everything, my emails often went ignored, and my son rarely received the support he needed. And when I turned to the administration, they suggested we find another school. However, my son begged me to keep him in the same school with his older sister, insisting if he had to go to school, he liked knowing she was in the building. Against our better judgment, we decided to trust him and let him lead. To our surprise, his competitive nature made him a determined student, and his grades reflected his effort. Because of his spirit, I became a positive advocate for him, so did his fourth-grade teacher. After constant efforts, we came up with solutions that met the curriculum within his level of comfort. Now, he is still a little nervous about school, but I’m less anxious knowing he has the tools and the support he needs to cope. He feels empowered to email his teachers and ask for help outside of class. He’s playing soccer with a team of boys he calls his “friends”. And for the first time in a long time, he let go of my leg, waved goodbye and walked into the school building to face the day. 1. What initially worried the mother about her son? A. His physical health condition. B. His conflicts with classmates. C. His poor academic performance. D. His social communication difficulties. 2. What caused the school’s inadequate support? A. The child’s refusal to cooperate. B. Parents’ unrealistic expectations C. Crowded classes and staff shortages. D. Teachers’ lack of professional training. 3. Which quality best describes the mother? A. Strict but patient. B. Overprotective but kind. C. Passionate and respectful. D. Determined and optimistic. 4. What is the best title for the text? A. Mother and Son: Partners in Growth. B. Unconditional Love Defeating Childhood Anxiety. C. School Challenges for Selective Mutism Kids. D. Silent Struggle: A Special Education Journey. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. D 4. B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者儿子被诊断患有选择性缄默症，在学校面临困境，最终在自身努力和各方支持下取得进步的故事。 1. 推理判断题。根据第一段“I soon learned that he spent most days with his head on his desk, refusing to speak or make eye contact with anyone.(我很快就了解到，他大部分时间都把头靠在桌子上，拒绝与任何人说话或进行眼神交流)”可知，最初让母亲担心的是她儿子的社交困难，故选D。 2. 细节理解题。根据第三段“But in a large public school, with nearly 40 kids per class and only one counselor(顾问)to deal with everything, my emails often went ignored, and my son rarely received the support he needed.(但在一所大型公立学校，每个班有近40个孩子，只有一个辅导员处理所有事情，我的电子邮件经常被忽视，我儿子很少得到他需要的支持)”可知，班级拥挤，人员短缺导致了学校的支持不足，故选C。 3. 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Because of his spirit, I became a positive advocate for him, so did his fourth-grade teacher. After constant efforts, we came up with solutions that met the curriculum within his level of comfort.(由于他的这种精神，我成了他坚定的支持者，他四年级的老师也是如此。经过不懈的努力，我们想出了既能满足课程要求，又在他舒适程度范围内的解决方案)”可知，作者很坚定；根据最后一段“Now, he is still a little nervous about school, but I’m less anxious knowing he has the tools and the support he needs to cope.(现在，他对学校仍然有点紧张，但我知道他有了应对需要的工具和支持，我就不那么焦虑了)”可知，作者是乐观的，因此可用determined和optimistic描写这位母亲，故选D。 4. 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段“It wasn’t long before he was diagnosed with selective mutism(SM), a rare form of anxiety characterized by the inability to speak in certain situations.(不久之后，他被诊断出患有选择性缄默症（SM），这是一种罕见的焦虑症，其特征是在某些情况下无法说话)”，倒数第二段“After constant efforts, we came up with solutions that met the curriculum within his level of comfort.(经过不断的努力，我们想出了在他满意的范围内满足课程的解决方案)”和最后一段“He’s playing soccer with a team of boys he calls his “friends”. And for the first time in a long time, he let go of my leg, waved goodbye and walked into the school building to face the day.(他正在和一群他称之为“朋友”的男孩踢足球。这么长时间以来，他第一次放开了我的腿，挥手告别，走进学校大楼，面对新的一天)”可知，本文主要讲的是作者儿子被诊断患有选择性缄默症，在学校面临困境，最终在自身努力和各方支持下取得进步的故事，因此最好的题目是B选项“Unconditional Love Defeating Childhood Anxiety(无条件的爱战胜童年的焦虑)”，故选B。 Passage 3 （24-25学年高二下·江苏常州溧阳市·期中） Madison Marsh is not only the current Miss Colorado but also a Harvard student and a U.S. Air Force soldier. In 2023, the 22-year-old ran for the Miss America crown, an event that now features high pressure interviews on stage and a fitness competition and she won them all.   “Pageants(选美比赛)are changing and one of the ways is in what being beautiful means to women. My cousin competed in pageants because she loved community services and wanted to improve her public speaking skills. For me, I needed to stay physically fit for the army, so preparing for the competition could make me do more exercise. As a young girl, Madison dreamed of being a pilot and astronaut. Her parents sent her to Space Camp when she was 13, “In the camp, I performed simulated(模拟的)space tasks and was placed in a simulated setting that is realistic to obtain a taste of what it is like to be an astronaut first-hand,” Madison said. At 17, she started flying lessons and earned her pilot's license two years later, Madison’s future may see her as a fighter pilot, but the sad loss of her mother to cancer pulled Madison toward a career in cancer research. She realized that her bigger passion was to do cancer research. So she studied hard and entered a master's degree program at the Harvard Kennedy School. “Currently I am always invited to give speeches at different schools. I enjoy talking with other young girls about being a pilot and a Harvard student. It’s a great experience to bring both sides of the favorite parts of my life together and hopefully make a difference for others to be able to realize that you don’t have to limit yourself,” Madison said. “With strong determination and resolve, a person can always figure out how to make something significant happen despite challenges or limitations,” Madison said in one of her speeches. 1. Why did Madison Marsh participate in the pageant? A. To develop confidence. B. To promote community services C. To improve public speaking skills. D. To gain extra motivation for workouts. 2. What does Madison Marsh think of Space Camp? A. Interactive. B. Cooperative. C. Immersive. D. Complex. 3. What is Madison’s current focus? A. Practicing the pilot skills. B. Inspiring younger generations. C. Working on the cancer research. D. Preparing for the master's degree program. 4. What can we learn from the story? A. Be the change you want to see. B. Luck favors the prepared mind. C. Where there is a will, there is a way. D. Actions speak louder than words. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B 4. C 【导语】本文是一篇人物传记。文章主要介绍了Madison Marsh的个人经历、成就以及她的梦想和追求。从她是现任的科罗拉多小姐，到她在哈佛求学，再到她作为美国空军士兵的身份，文章详细叙述了她的多重身份和丰富经历。 1. 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Pageants(选美比赛)are changing and one of the ways is in what being beautiful means to women. My cousin competed in pageants because she loved community services and wanted to improve her public speaking skills. For me, I needed to stay physically fit for the army, so preparing for the competition could make me do more exercise.(选美比赛正在发生变化，其中一个体现就是美丽对于女性的意义有了不同。我的表姐参加选美比赛是因为她热爱社区服务，并且想要提升自己的公众演讲技巧。对我来说，我在军队里需要保持身体健康，所以为比赛做准备能让我进行更多的锻炼)”可知，Madison Marsh参加选美比赛是因为她在军队里需要保持身体健康，为选美比赛做准备能让她进行更多的锻炼，也就是能获得额外的锻炼动力，故选D。 2. 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Her parents sent her to Space Camp when she was 13, “In the camp, I performed simulated(模拟的)space tasks and was placed in a simulated setting that is realistic to obtain a taste of what it is like to be an astronaut first-hand,” Madison said.(她13岁时，父母送她去了太空营。“在太空营里，我执行了模拟太空任务，并且被置身于一个高度逼真的模拟环境中，从而能够亲身体验当宇航员的感觉。”Madison说道)”可知，在太空营里，Madison执行模拟太空任务，并且被置身于一个高度逼真的模拟环境中，从而能够亲身体验当宇航员的感觉。由此可知，Madison认为太空营里是沉浸式的，故选C。 3. 细节理解题。根据文章第五段““Currently I am always invited to give speeches at different schools. I enjoy talking with other young girls about being a pilot and a Harvard student. It’s a great experience to bring both sides of the favorite parts of my life together and hopefully make a difference for others to be able to realize that you don’t have to limit yourself,” Madison said.(“目前，我经常受邀到不同的学校去演讲。我喜欢和其他年轻女孩分享作为一名飞行员和哈佛学生的经历。能把我生活中最喜欢的两个方面结合起来，这是一段很棒的经历，而且希望能对他人有所影响，让他们意识到自己不必给自己设限。”Madison说道)”可知，目前Madison经常受邀到不同学校演讲，她喜欢和其他年轻女孩分享作为飞行员和哈佛学生的经历，希望能让其他人意识到不必给自己设限，也就是她目前专注于激励年轻一代，故选B。 4. 推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，文章讲述了Madison Marsh身兼数职，既是科罗拉多州小姐、哈佛学生，又是美国空军士兵。她有着成为飞行员和宇航员的梦想，通过努力学习飞行课程获得了飞行员执照。母亲因癌症离世后，她又投身癌症研究并进入哈佛攻读硕士学位。此外，她还经常到不同学校演讲，激励年轻一代。她凭借坚定的决心和毅力克服了各种挑战，实现了多个目标。Madison Marsh无论在追求飞行梦想、进行癌症研究还是其他方面，都展现出了坚定的意志，最终实现了自己的目标，很好地体现了“有志者，事竟成”的道理，故选C。 议论文 主题01 人与社会——人工智能与信息技术 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二下·江苏省南京师范大学附中·期中） During the Paris Olympic Games, Google unveiled an Olympics-themed advertisement to promote its Gemini AI chatbot. Surprisingly, the ad sparked heated criticism, leading Google to remove it a week after its release. The ad showed a father using Google’s Gemini AI chatbot to help his daughter write a fan letter to US Olympic track star, Sydney McLaughlin Levrone. In the ad, the father believes AI will do a better job than himself, “she wants to show Sydney some love and I’m pretty good with words but this has to be just right.” However, this idea didn’t win over viewers. “This advertisement is misleading, as it overestimates AI’s ability to understand and convey the subtle differences of human emotions and thoughts,” wrote Shelly Palmer, a media processor at Syracuse University in the US, in a blog post. “Who wants an AI-written fan letter?” one viewer added. Viewers also expressed concern that too much reliance on AI tools could ruin children’s learning opportunities. “Instead of guiding her to use her own words and communicate authentically(真实地), [the father] is teaching her to rely on AI for this critical human skill,” said Palmer. Palmer stressed that our use of language deeply shapes our reality. For example, you or I might refer to a color as “red”, but that same color might be labeled “scarlet” by an artist or “dark rose” by an interior designer. Language not only communicates information but also reflects the speaker’s unique perspective. “Google seems to suggest that this young girl doesn’t need to develop her own ability to express and shape her reality,” said Palmer. The use of generative AI also lacks the emotional depth that comes from personal expression. Palmer once received a message from a reader years ago that read: “You’re too stupid to own a smart phone.” He loved this humorously sarcastic(讽刺的)email so much that he had it framed on his office wall. “It was honest, direct(and probably accurate),” he said. “Give me a heartfelt message over a grammatically correct, AI-generated message any day.” 1. What does the underlined word “unveiled” in paragraph 1 most probably mean? A. Removed. B. Released. C. Dismissed. D. Disapproved. 2. Why did Google’s Olympics-themed advertisement receive criticism? A. It discouraged children from learning proper writing techniques through AI. B. It inaccurately described the capabilities of Gemini AI in grammar correction. C. It overestimated the importance of emotional depth in human communication. D. It suggested AI could replace authentic human expression in emotional contexts. 3. What does Shelly Palmer imply by mentioning the example of color descriptions? A. Professional terms are essential for accurate communication. B. AI struggles to distinguish slight differences in vocabulary usage. C. Standardized language ensures efficient information transmission. D. Language mirrors personal viewpoints and constructs one’s reality. 4. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? A. Can AI Paint Human Souls? B. Can AI Silence Human Voices? C. Olympic Spark: AI Language Learning D. AI Criticism: Gemini’s Expression Error 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. D 4. B 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要介绍了谷歌在巴黎奥运会期间推出的奥运会主题广告因暗示人工智能可取代真实人类情感表达而遭批评，凸显了人工智能在情感表达方面的局限性 。 1. 词义猜测题。根据第一段“During the Paris Olympic Games, Google unveiled an Olympics-themed advertisement to promote its Gemini AI chatbot. Surprisingly, the ad sparked heated criticism, leading Google to remove it a week after its release.(在巴黎奥运会期间，谷歌unveiled一个奥运会主题广告来推广其双子座AI聊天机器人。令人惊讶的是，该广告引发了激烈的批评，导致谷歌在发布一周后将其删除)”可知，谷歌是先“推出”广告，后因批评而删除，划线单词unveiled表示“推出”，与Released意义相近，故选B。 2. 细节理解题。根据第三段“‘This advertisement is misleading, as it overestimates AI’s ability to understand and convey the subtle differences of human emotions and thoughts,’ wrote Shelly Palmer, a media processor at Syracuse University in the US, in a blog post. “Who wants an AI-written fan letter?” one viewer added. Viewers also expressed concern that too much reliance on AI tools could ruin children’s learning opportunities.(美国锡拉丘兹大学的媒体专家Shelly Palmer在一篇博客文章中写道：“这则广告具有误导性，因为它高估了人工智能理解和传达人类情感和思想细微差异的能力。”。一位观众补充道：“谁想要一封人工智能写的粉丝信？”。观众还表示担心，过度依赖人工智能工具可能会破坏儿童的学习机会)”、第四段““Instead of guiding her to use her own words and communicate authentically(真实地), [the father] is teaching her to rely on AI for this critical human skill,” said Palmer.(帕尔默说：“(父亲)没有引导她使用自己的语言和真实的交流，而是教她依靠人工智能来掌握这一关键的人类技能。”)”以及第五段“Palmer stressed that our use of language deeply shapes our reality. For example, you or I might refer to a color as “red”, but that same color might be labeled “scarlet” by an artist or “dark rose” by an interior designer. Language not only communicates information but also reflects the speaker’s unique perspective. “Google seems to suggest that this young girl doesn’t need to develop her own ability to express and shape her reality,” said Palmer.(帕尔默强调，我们对语言的使用深刻地塑造了我们的现实。例如，你或我可能会把一种颜色称为“红色”，但同样的颜色可能会被艺术家标记为“猩红色”，或者被室内设计师标记为“深玫瑰色”。语言不仅传达信息，还反映了说话者独特的视角。帕尔默说：“谷歌似乎暗示，这个年轻女孩不需要发展自己表达和塑造现实的能力。”)”可知，谷歌的奥运会主题广告受到批评是因为它暗示人工智能可以在情感语境中取代真实的人类表达，故选D。 3. 推理判断题。根据第四段““Instead of guiding her to use her own words and communicate authentically(真实地), [the father] is teaching her to rely on AI for this critical human skill,” said Palmer.(帕尔默说：“(父亲)没有引导她使用自己的语言和真实的交流，而是教她依靠人工智能来掌握这一关键的人类技能。”)”以及第五段“Palmer stressed that our use of language deeply shapes our reality. For example, you or I might refer to a color as “red”, but that same color might be labeled “scarlet” by an artist or “dark rose” by an interior designer. Language not only communicates information but also reflects the speaker’s unique perspective. “Google seems to suggest that this young girl doesn’t need to develop her own ability to express and shape her reality,” said Palmer.(帕尔默强调，我们对语言的使用深刻地塑造了我们的现实。例如，你或我可能会把一种颜色称为“红色”，但同样的颜色可能会被艺术家标记为“猩红色”，或者被室内设计师标记为“深玫瑰色”。语言不仅传达信息，还反映了说话者独特的视角。帕尔默说：“谷歌似乎暗示，这个年轻女孩不需要发展自己表达和塑造现实的能力。”)”可知，帕尔默提到颜色描述的例子是为了说明语言反映个人观点并构建一个人的现实，故选D。 4. 主旨大意题。根据全文内容，尤其是最后一段“The use of generative AI also lacks the emotional depth that comes from personal expression.(生成式人工智能的使用也缺乏个人表达所带来的情感深度)”以及结合前文对谷歌奥运会主题广告的批评可知，本文主要讨论了人工智能在情感表达方面的局限性，即人工智能难以像人类一样表达真实情感，仿佛“压制”了人类的声音，所以“人工智能能压制人类的声音吗？”适合作为文章标题，故选B。 Passage 2 （24-25学年高二下·江苏省南京外国语学校·期中） Visit any antiques store and you’ll encounter artifacts from the past, photographs, letters, a brochure detailing the Sinclair dinosaur exhibit from the 1964-65 World’s Fair, the ephemera(昙花一现之物)of history. Yet these objects aren’t truly ephemeral, because they’re still here, decades, even centuries later. Why? Because they’re tangible. Have you thought about the life cycle of intangible formats, digital information, given that those who produce these artifacts seldom make preparations for their long-term preservation? At the time of creation, no attempts were made at intentional preservation, yet analog(模拟的)materials have a chance of surviving and serving as the historical record that biographers, historians, and novelists rely on. Libraries and archives have traditionally shouldered the responsibility of organization, preservation, and access to information. Librarians digitize the tangible so that researchers the world over can quickly search and access their holdings. However, librarians’ selfless devotion can act against us when users point to universality of access by holding up a cell phone and saying, “it’s all in here” as evidence that libraries are less vital for researchers today. Yet how was that universality of access made possible and, perhaps more importantly, how is it maintained? Who tends to what is preserved? When it comes to born-digital information, the terrifying answer can be: if not librarians and archivists, then no one.  Digital information requires a great deal more care than analog. Even when a digital object is preserved, it may only be the carrier that’s saved, not the information itself. As technology advances and a format becomes obsolete(过时的), the object is useless. Have you ever stared helplessly at a ZIP disk, thinking: how do I get the files off this? Without constant migration of digital assets, a nightmare about the foreseeable future is what keeps historians up at night: a historical record that suddenly stops when digital replaces analog. As a librarian whose day job revolves around special collections and digital assets, I share the night terrors of historians, and I’d be lying if I said a comprehensive preservation solution currently exists. Yet researchers can take some comfort in the fact that there are a large number of librarians devoted to discovering, organizing, and preserving digital information for researchers current and future. While future researchers may find the digital realm a challenging place to do their work, they won’t find it an impossible one. 1. Why does the author mention the artifacts from the past? A. To bring up the issue of preservation. B. To comment on their historical value. C. To contrast them with everyday items. D. To introduce the collection of antiques. 2. According to paragraph 3, what may librarians’ work result in? A. Oversupply of materials. B. Undervaluation of libraries. C. Researchers’ underperformance. D. Users’ overreliance on technology. 3. Why is the “ZIP disk” cited as an example? A. To explain the way of getting off files saved in their carriers. B. To show the development of constantly migrating digital assets. C. To illustrate the possibility of losing information in obsolete formats. D. To reveal the inconvenience of storing information on analog devices. 4. Which of the following best summarizes the text? A. Hard work should be done to preserve artifacts. B. Contributions of librarians should be recognized. C. Accessing databases is essential to researchers. D. Keeping digital historical records is a challenge. 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C 4. D 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了数字信息的保存问题，提到数字信息需要比模拟信息更多的关注和维护，随着技术发展，数字格式可能过时导致信息丢失，虽然有很多图书馆员致力于发现、组织和保存数字信息，但目前还没有全面的保存解决方案，对未来研究人员来说，处理数字领域的工作是一个挑战。 1. 推理判断题。根据第一段“Visit any antiques store and you’ll encounter artifacts from the past, photographs, letters, a brochure detailing the Sinclair dinosaur exhibit from the 1964-65 World’s Fair, the ephemera(昙花一现之物)of history. Yet these objects aren’t truly ephemeral, because they’re still here, decades, even centuries later. Why? Because they’re tangible.(参观任何一家古董店，你都会看到过去的文物、照片、信件、一本详细介绍1964-65年世界博览会辛克莱恐龙展览的小册子，这是一段短暂的历史。然而，这些物体并不是真正短暂的，因为它们在几十年甚至几个世纪后仍然存在。为什么？因为它们是有形的)”可知，文章开头提到在古董店能看到过去的手工艺品等，接着说这些物品并非真正昙花一现，因为它们是有形的。然后引出思考无形的数字信息的生命周期问题，即那些生产这些物品的人很少为其长期保存做准备。所以作者提到过去的手工艺品是为了引出关于保存的问题，故选A项。 2. 细节理解题。根据第三段中“However, librarians’ selfless devotion can act against us when users point to universality of access by holding up a cell phone and saying, “it’s all in here” as evidence that libraries are less vital for researchers today.(然而，当用户拿起手机说“都在这里”，指出图书馆对研究人员来说已经不那么重要时，图书馆员的无私奉献可能会对我们产生不利影响)”可知，图书馆员无私的奉献反而可能对他们不利，因为用户会拿着手机说 “一切都在这里”，以此作为图书馆对如今的研究人员不那么重要的证据。这说明图书馆员的工作可能导致图书馆被低估，故选B项。 3. 推理判断题。根据第四段中“Even when a digital object is preserved, it may only be the carrier that’s saved, not the information itself. As technology advances and a format becomes obsolete(过时的), the object is useless. Have you ever stared helplessly at a ZIP disk, thinking: how do I get the files off this?(即使一个数字对象被保存下来，它也可能只是被保存的载体，而不是信息本身。随着技术的进步和格式的过时，对象就变得无用了。你是否曾经无助地盯着一个ZIP磁盘，想着：我怎么才能把文件从这里弄出来？)”可知，即使数字对象被保存下来，可能保存的只是载体而不是信息本身，随着技术进步格式过时，对象就没用了，以ZIP磁盘为例就是为了说明在过时格式中丢失信息的可能性，故选C项。 4. 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讨论了数字信息的保存问题，提到数字信息需要比模拟信息更多的关注和维护，随着技术发展，数字格式可能过时导致信息丢失，虽然有很多图书馆员致力于发现、组织和保存数字信息，但目前还没有全面的保存解决方案，对未来研究人员来说，处理数字领域的工作是一个挑战。所以D选项“保存数字历史记录是一个挑战”能最好地总结文章内容，故选D项。 主题02 人与自我——友谊，与他人分享的策略 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二下·江苏省盐城市五校联考·期中） Do we really know our best friends? I like my close friends a lot, and yet, on an almost daily basis, they shocked me. I have a friend who thinks voting is a waste of time; I have another friend who never takes any arrangement to meet at a given time and place seriously. It’s generally held that friends are people with whom we choose to develop relationships because we find their personalities agreeable, or similar to our own, and yet experience regularly contradicts this. What is a friend, really? All that one can safely say is that a friend is someone one likes and wishes to see again. The truth is that we don’t know our friends. Numerous studies show that we tend to assume our friends agree with us more than they really do. The striking part is that the problem doesn’t appear to lessen as a friendship deepens. When the researchers Michael Gill and Bill Swann questioned students sharing rooms, they found that, as time passed,people became even more confident in the accuracy of their judgments about the other, and yet, in reality, the judgments grew no more accurate. Two people might become dear friends, yet remain ignorant about vast areas of each other’s inner lives. This seems strange, until you consider, that many of the benefits that friendship provides don’t necessarily depend on perfect familiarity; they come from something closer to reliability. Friendship may be less about being drawn to someone’s personality than about finding someone willing to keep you company, or lend an ear. A friend provides the “social-identity support” we desire. You needn’t be a close match with someone, nor deeply familiar with their mind. And once a friendship has begun, you want to like it, if only to confirm that you made the right decision. We don’t want to know everything about our friends. We don’t base friendships on what we learn about people; we decide what to learn about people, and what to ignore, based on having decided to be friends. Perhaps there’s something moving about viewing friendship as an agreement to keep each other company, ignore each other’s faults and not probe(刨根问底)too deeply in ways that might weaken the friendship. Perhaps a true friend is someone who doesn’t ask many awkward questions. 1. Why does the author tell the stories of his two friends in the first paragraph? A. To provide background information. B. To introduce the topic of the passage. C. To stress the importance of friendship. D. To show the difference between friends. 2. The underlined word “they” in Paragraph 4 refers to ________. A. friendships B. strangers C. researchers D. benefits 3. It can be concluded from the passage that ________. A. close friends usually know each other in depth B. real friends are people you like but don’t wish to see often C. we do not necessarily share personalities with close friends D. the longer we stay with friends, the more accurately we judge them 4. Which statement about friends will the author probably accept? A. Stay friends but keep a distance. B. It takes a long time to grow an old friend. C. Real friends will tell you when your face is dirty. D. True friends know all about you and still like you. 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C 4. A 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章围绕“我们是否真正了解自己最好的朋友”这一主题展开讨论，通过列举朋友的事例、引用研究结果等方式，阐述了对朋友关系的看法。 1. 推理判断题。根据第一段“I like my close friends a lot, and yet, on an almost daily basis, they shocked me. I have a friend who thinks voting is a waste of time; I have another friend who never takes any arrangement to meet at a given time and place seriously.(我非常喜欢我的好朋友，然而，他们几乎每天都让我震惊。我有一个朋友认为投票是浪费时间；我还有一个朋友从不认真对待任何约定在特定时间和地点见面的安排)”可知，作者在第一段中讲述了他两个朋友的故事，是为了引出文章的主题，故选B。 2. 词义猜测题。根据第四段“This seems strange, until you consider, that many of the benefits that friendship provides don’t necessarily depend on perfect familiarity; they come from something closer to reliability.(这看起来很奇怪，直到你考虑到，友谊提供的许多好处并不一定依赖于完美的熟悉；它们来自更接近可靠的东西)”可知，此处“they”指代上文提到的“the benefits”，故选D。 3. 推理判断题。根据第三段“The truth is that we don’t know our friends. Numerous studies show that we tend to assume our friends agree with us more than they really do. The striking part is that the problem doesn’t appear to lessen as a friendship deepens.(事实是我们并不了解我们的朋友。大量的研究表明，我们倾向于认为我们的朋友比实际情况更同意我们的观点。最引人注目的是，这个问题并不会随着友谊的加深而减少)”和“Two people might become dear friends, yet remain ignorant about vast areas of each other’s inner lives.(两个人可能会成为亲密的朋友，但对彼此内心生活的广阔领域仍然一无所知)”可推断，我们不一定和密友有相同的个性，故选C。 4. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Perhaps there’s something moving about viewing friendship as an agreement to keep each other company, ignore each other’s faults and not probe(刨根问底)too deeply in ways that might weaken the friendship.(也许把友谊看作是一种互相陪伴、忽略彼此缺点、不深入探究可能削弱友谊的方式，这有些令人感动)”可推断，作者可能会接受“做朋友但保持距离”这种说法，故选A。 Passage 2 （24-25学年高二下·江苏省南京市六校联合体·期中） People naturally want to share their beliefs and feelings with others. Whether positive or negative, opinions feel as though they were made for sharing. This has a solid logic: Sharing emotions and opinions can lead to imitation, which can in turn create a bond and more positive social interactions.      Besides creating a bond, another reason you might want to convince someone to model themselves on your feelings is to get them to change their views. To achieve that result, you can usually choose whether to present your views in a positive or negative way. So you might tell someone either that you’re voting for a particular presidential candidate because you believe this person will make the country stronger and fairer and you want that better future, or that the other candidate will ruin the society and anyone who disagrees is a fool. The approach you choose to persuading others depends on your goal and your audience. If your audience already agrees with you, negative presentation can strengthen their beliefs. For example, saying, “If we don’t vote for Candidate X, our society will suffer!” can motivate supporters. But this strategy won’t work on someone who disagrees — they’ll just dismiss your argument as unreasonable. Worse, if you express anger toward those who disagree, they may become even more opposed to your views. This is the so-called boomerang effect. In the 1960s, psychologists found that when people are severely questioned over the opinions they hold, they are much more likely to dig into their position. The boomerang effect can be hard to observe when people are dealing with a complex social interaction involving different opinions and feelings. To give an example: Imagine if someone brought you flowers but then hit you with them—you wouldn’t want to listen to them. The same happens when people use their opinions as weapons instead of gifts. If you want to persuade others, it’s better to share your views positively. In conclusion, to be more persuasive, manage your emotions and share them in a way that invites discussion rather than conflict. Instead of attacking others, try turning your opinions into gifts—something others might actually want to accept. 1. According to the passage, why do people naturally share their beliefs? A. To make social interactions meaningful. B. To question and correct others’ opinions. C. To strengthen interpersonal relationships. D. To set their views as a standard for others. 2. Compared to negative arguments, why might positive ones work better when persuading someone who disagrees? A. Negative arguments often make people defend themselves. B. Negative arguments including false facts can be misleading. C. Positive arguments can strengthen others’ different beliefs. D. Positive arguments often give rise to the boomerang effect. 3. To avoid the boomerang effect, what should you do when persuading others? A. Listen to others patiently. B. Express your views clearly. C. Allow for different voices. D. Present beautiful presents. 4. What does the author mainly convey in this passage? A. What matters in social interactions. B. How to tolerate different opi$ 专题02 阅读理解（记叙文&议论文） 主题01 人与社会——善行义举与公益活动 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二下·江苏无锡江阴市·期中） I was a volunteer with the city of Milpitas, and was studying at mission college. One night after going to class, I was heading home and decided to stop off at a burrito(墨西哥卷饼)restaurant. I got my burrito and started to head for my car when I was approached by a homeless man. He was very dirty and obviously very hungry. He asked me for some change to buy a little food. As I was pulling some change out, I had an idea. I asked him to follow me back into the burrito restaurant to order. He was ashamed of the way he looked and said he did not want to go in there. But I insisted. When he finally followed me in, the people behind the counter refused to let him in, but I told them that I was buying him dinner and he had a right to be there. After we argued over it for a while, they finally gave in. It seemed like he was relieved a bit to be sitting at a table. I asked him to order whatever he wanted. But he only ordered a burrito. For someone who has been on the fringes(边缘)of society, he was very surprised at my generosity. But to me, it was what any “human being” should do or at least offer. You had to be there to see the look in his face. It reminded me when I was young and my mom brought out a big birthday cake for me on my birthday, with all the candy, chocolate and goodies that we were about to eat. I think he felt special, like he was getting attention, something that I could see he hadn’t experienced in a long time. I often think about this story because, to me, it’s not just about helping someone out by feeding them. It’s more about giving them the respect and dignity(尊严)of being a human being and allowing them to feel good about themselves. 1. Why did the homeless man approach the author? A. To ask for a lift. B. To beg for money. C. To request a burrito. D. To seek company. 2. What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 2 refer to? A. Where to sit in the restaurant. B. What to order for the homeless man. C. Whether to buy dinner for the homeless man. D. Whether to allow the homeless man to enter the restaurant. 3. Why does the author mention his birthday in paragraph 3? A. To demonstrate his wonderful childhood. B. To stress the importance of enjoying a feast. C. To contrast his life with that of the homeless man. D. To describe the happy feelings of the homeless man. 4. What is the thing really worth doing according to the author? A. Treating others with respect. B. Ridding the world of hunger. C. Encouraging acts of kindness. D. Paying attention to the homeless. Passage 2 （24-25学年高二下·江苏省南京市五校联盟·期中） “The Stories in Our Childhood Textbooks Are the Lives We Live as Adults.” This realization inspired Li Yuan to create the video account ”Laikansuba“(meaning “Read Along”), where she and her team reinterpret classic literary works from Chinese textbooks. Li, 26, a digital media graduate from Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, serves as the team’s director. The idea first came to her during a family trip last year to send her younger brother off to college. At the university, she noticed many out-of-town parents doing the same—watching their children take a big step into adulthood. This scene reminded Li of “The View of Father’s Back”(背影), an essay from her middle school Chinese textbook. Written in 1925 by Zhu Ziqing(1898-1948), the piece recounts the author’s departure for Peking University, with the most memorable image being his aging father climbing up and down the train station platform to buy him oranges. “It was amazing to see how real life connected with something I had read in a textbook,” Li said. This inspiration became Laikansuba’s first short film, where Li reimagined the protagonist as a girl reflecting on her own father-daughter relationship. “The core idea, however, remains the same,”she explained. The video resonated deeply with young audiences, garnering over 80 million views across Chinese social media platforms. Encouraged by this success, the team launched an ongoing series offering fresh interpretations of textbook classics, attracting over 2.5 million followers in under a year—mostly viewers aged 18-23. All young protagonists are portrayed by 26-year-old Shu Jiahui. Despite graduating with a software engineering degree from Yibin University and having no formal acting training, Shu developed her passion through internships and self-exploration. It was this raw authenticity that caught Li’s attention, as she found many trained young actors delivered rehearsed performances lacking genuine emotion. She found that many trained young actors tended to deliver rehearsed and predictable performances, lacking the authenticity she was looking for. “I want to make videos that bridge literature with real-life experiences,” Li explained. “I hope to help viewers rediscover emotions they may not have fully grasped as students, and offer new perspectives shaped by time and personal growth.” 1. What inspired Li Yuan to start making videos? A. A family trip to send her brother to college. B. A memory from her childhood textbooks. C. Her graduation from Zhejiang Sci-Tech University. D. A famous actor she met at university. 2. What does the underlined sentence ”The core idea, however, remains the same.“ imply ? A. Chinese fathers are very expressive and always show love openly. B. Chinese fathers are indifferent to their children’s feelings. C. Chinese fathers often criticize children to show love. D. Chinese fathers often keep love hidden, not expressing it openly. 3. Why did Li Yuan choose Shu Jiahui to act in her videos? A. Shu had formal acting training at university. B. Shu’s performances were fresh and authentic. C. Shu was a software engineering teacher. D. Shu had experience working in digital media. 4. What does Li Yuan hope viewers can gain from her videos? A. Skills to become better actors. B. Knowledge about university life in China. C. New emotions and perspectives on old stories. D. A chance to meet famous directors. Passage 3 （24-25学年高二下·江苏省镇江中学·期中） Steve Bagmanyan found his calling in a workshop filled with broken instruments. But every year, the shop brings both joy and heartbreak. Due to budget cuts, the number of technicians has dropped from 60 to just 11, leaving them to repair instruments for more than half a million students in Los Angeles public schools. “The work we do is important and needs to be preserved, but it’s becoming a dying craft,” said Bagmanyan,60, who runs the shop and handles piano repairs. “Children are our future, yet music programs are being cut across the country.” However, there is hope for the shop. The Last Repair Shop, a short documentary featuring Bagmanyan and three other technicians, recently won an Oscar for best documentary short film. The film combines their personal stories with reflections from students who have found comfort and joy in music. Few people even knew the shop existed before the documentary’s release. This workshop, in operation since 1959, is believed to be the last of its kind in the country. Bagmanyan and his team provide free instruments and repairs across the school district, often serving children from low-income families. For many of these children, public schools are their only source of musical instruments, which wealthier families can more easily afford. Since the release of the film, public support has soared. Donations have been made to fund more repairs and strengthen school music programs in Los Angeles. “People are inspired by what we do and want to support a dying art form,” said Ben Proudfoot, who co-directed the documentary. Bagmanyan knows that a poorly maintained instrument can discourage a child from learning. “If an instrument doesn’t work properly, a child might give up on music,” he said. “But when you know the instrument is going to a student who loves it, it’s impossible not to smile.” After 21 years of service, Bagmanyan says his cup is full, knowing that children may carry a love of music with them for a lifetime. “I was planning to retire,” he admitted. “But now I’ll rebuild the shop to what it once was and keep going a little longer.” 1. What is the challenge faced by Bagmanyan? A. Old instruments. B. Declining number of students. C. Low profitability. D. Shortage of skilled technicians. 2. What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A. The career achievements of Bagmanyan. B. The popularity of the documentary. C. The unique history of the school district. D. The importance of the repair shop. 3. How does the documentary impact the shop? A. It enhances the shop’s public image. B. It attracts new business opportunities. C. It helps sustain the shop’s operation. D. It provides education to the community. 4. What do the underlined words “his cup is full” in the last paragraph mean? A. He is ready to retire. B. He feels deeply satisfied. C. He is tired of the spotlight. D. He has become very wealthy. Passage 4 （24-25学年高二下·江苏苏州·期中） In the morning of the day I had decided to go without using plastic products — or even touching plastic — I opened my eyes and put my feet on the carpet, which is made of nylon, a type of plastic. I was roughly ten seconds into my experiment and I had already broken my rule. Since its invention more than a century ago, plastic has crept into every aspect of our lives. It has made possible thousands of modern conveniences, but it has come with downsides, especially for the environment. My no-plastic day began at the bathroom, where the plastic coating of the door handle forced me to ask my wife, Julie, to open the door. She did so with a “This is going to be a long day” sigh. I could not use my usual toothpaste, toothbrush, shampoo, or soap since they were packaged in or made from plastic. Instead, I used eco-friendly products: a bamboo toothbrush with natural fibers and a shampoo bar with a fresh smell, and they worked well. Dressing and shopping posed challenges. Even my cotton pants had hidden plastic in tags(标签)and zippers(拉链). A small accident with a plastic label left my finger bleeding, so I used paper tape instead of a plastic Band-Aid, while my organic cotton underwear was fine. When shopping, I used cotton bags, glass containers, and coins to avoid plastic credit cards and smartphones; lunch at a sandwich shop was served in my own glass container with a bamboo knife and spoon. In the park, I sat on a wooden chair to escape the plastic in everyday items. By the end of the day, I had made 164 plastic “violations”. Although my effort was imperfect, I learned that small changes—like using a metal water bottle or reusable bags — can help protect our planet. 1. What might have led to the author’s plastic-free experiment? A. His routine behavior. B. His fear of breaking rules. C. His pursuit of convenience. D. His environmental concerns. 2. What can be inferred from Julie’s “This is going to be a long day” sigh? A. She was excited about the experiment. B. She foresaw the experiment’s challenges. C. She wanted to join the no-plastic challenge. D. She questioned the author’s eco-friendly efforts. 3. What does the experiment suggest about reducing plastic use? A. Complete avoidance is achievable. B. Plastic alternatives are ineffective. C. Small changes matter despite challenges. D. Family support plays a crucial role. 4. Which would be the best title for the passage? A. A Day Without Plastic B. Modern Life and Plastic C. Eco-Friendly Challenges D. Rise of Plastic Alternatives 主题02 人与自我——励志与成长 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二下·淮安市淮安区·期中） Melissa Guerrero-Brown weighed 190 pounds the first time she walked into a wrestling room. At that time, she had no idea what wrestling even was. A year later, wrestling led her down a path of devotion. Having lost 40 pounds, she is one of the most confident teenagers you’ll ever meet. “I feel confident,” Guerrero-Brown said with a smile. “I’m loving myself more.” She was first interested in wrestling, despite knowing nothing about the sport, for she saw kids who looked confident because of the sport. In middle school, she was told she was too fat to wrestle. “They said I couldn’t do it,” Guerrero-Brown said. She did “everything wrong”, Coach Jose Puentes said, the first time she was taught her first takedown(摔倒对手的动作). But she came back the next day and started repeatedly practicing the moves she was taught. “She’s the only wrestler, “Puentes said, “who consistently stays after practices.” Her clothes started to get too big. And it made her even more determined. The confidence was obvious in her wrestling style in a recent final, patient but aggressive. She lost in the final but still wept with joy over the silver medal, embracing her family with a smile. Even if she didn’t win, she felt she had another year to work 10 times harder. Guerrero-Brown has grown up with five siblings. Life was hard for her family. College was never a thought for Guerrero-Brown until she turned wrestler. Puentes said the sport became her ticket out. “Believe in yourself,” Guerrero-Brown said, when asked to give advice to other people struggling with weight. “Don’t let nobody get to you. At the end of the day, they’re not in your shoes. You got this.” 1. What initially attracted Melissa to wrestling? A. Wrestlers’ confidence. B. Her goal of losing weight. C. Her passion for the sport. D. Her friends’ encouragement. 2. What can we infer from her first takedown? A. She was criticized by her coach. B. She was too nervous to perform well. C. She was determined regardless of errors. D. She was not as clever as the other wrestlers. 3. How did Melissa react to winning a silver medal? A. She lost her confidence. B. She kept a positive attitude. C. She felt she could have done better. D. She cried because of disappointment. 4. What is a suitable title for the text? A. Tips on a Good Wrestler. B. Melissa’s Journey to College. C. Wrestling Matters in Weight Loss. D. Wrestling: Melissa’s Path to Success. Passage 2 （24-25学年高二下·江苏省南京市中华中学·期中） After I discovered Diet Coke in 1984, I drank at least three 12-ounce cans nearly every day for the next four decades. I was the person who avoided certain airlines because they only served Pepsi. At various times I tried to stop, but I could never prevent myself from drinking it for longer than a week. This year, something happened that changed everything. I had been feeling pain in the left side of my stomach for months, but doctors were unable to figure out the problem. At the same time, I began noticing that my beloved drink left an awful aftertaste I had never noticed before. In late June, after opening up my second can of the day, pains shot across my stomach, and that was my last soda. Just like that, I was done, after 39 years. Why did it take so long? Was I truly psychologically dependent, or was it simply a bad habit？ The American Psychiatric Association doesn’t specifically list Diet Coke addiction. However, research indicates its addictive potential. Ashley Gearhardt at the University of Michigan points to the two “culprits” that can be found in Diet Coke: aspartame and caffeine. Aspartame, 200 times sweeter than regular sugar, and caffeine work together to keep us desiring more. As of now, I’m on Day 41 of being Diet Coke-free. The initial days were extremely difficult due to caffeine withdrawal, but I’m committed to maintaining this new lifestyle. My stomach hurts less, and my sweet tooth is not as persistent. I am quite pleased with myself for having altered a lifelong habit. If I can do this, I can do anything, even if it takes 40 years. 1. What can be inferred about the author from paragraph 1? A. Diet Coke was an inseparable part of his life. B. He tried various ways to stop drinking Diet Coke. C. Diet Coke was less popular before he discovered it. D. He preferred to take flights which didn’t offer Pepsi. 2. What made the author decide to change? A. A doctor’s accurate diagnosis. B. An unexpected shot on his stomach. C. Personal persistent headaches. D. His unfavorable physical reactions. 3. What can replace the underlined word “culprits” in paragraph 3? A. initials B. sponsors C. agents D. sweeteners 4. How does the author feel about giving up Diet Coke? A. Accomplished. B. Disappointed. C. Enthusiastic. D. Conservative. Passage 3 （24-25学年高二下·江苏省兴化市四校联考·期中） My parents were excellent cooks. Growing up, I enjoyed being in the kitchen with them. It was a place where I could relax myself, be creative and have fun. In September of 2020, I started a side business in São Paulo selling bread, sauces and other foods online. At the same time, my husband and I were revisiting our dream of living abroad. Canada seemed like the perfect choice because of its diverse(多样的)food culture. I chose to study culinary(烹饪的)management at George Brown College, one of Canada’s top culinary schools. I started my two-year program in September 2022. The program included business courses, such as human resources, and marketing, as well as hands-on cooking classes. I learned skills to be a cook, like working with flavors(味道), and how to prepare large amounts of food. Some days, I was on my feet from 7 am to 5 pm, but my heart was filled with happiness. Being in a kitchen invigorated me. I knew that cooking was what I wanted to do. During my studies, I had some exciting opportunities. I was a finalist in a school cooking competition, where I made salpicao, a traditional Brazilian turkey salad. In April 2024, I entered a cooking competition hosted by Cookin, an app where chefs sell and deliver meals. I created a Brazilian-inspired menu, with dishes from the countryside to the coast, including pulled pork with guava jam and chips. I was one of the winners and got to run an online store, Flavia’s Taste of Brazil, for a week. Using the college’s kitchen, I completed 25 orders, preparing a total of 41 meals. Going back to college wasn’t just about learning the hard skills of cooking. It gave me courage and confidence to go for my love. 1. What can we know about the author when she was a child? A. She loved staying in the kitchen. B. She spent a lot of time in Canada. C. She dreamed of studying abroad. D. She offered to run a side business. 2. Why did the author go to George Brown College? A. To work with her husband. B. To follow her love for cooking. C. To meet her parents’ wishes. D. To find a well-paid job in Brazil. 3. Which best explains the underlined word “invigorated” in paragraph 2? A. Made fun of someone. B. Gave energy to someone. C. Kept track of someone. D. Left a message to someone, 4. What does the author’s success in cooking competitions suggest? A. She is a uniquely gifted teacher. B. She is inspired by other winners. C. She is highly skilled and creative. D. She is lucky enough to be a finalist. Passage 4 （24-25学年高二下·江苏省扬州大学附中学东部分校·期中） Known by the Nazis as the “White Mouse”, Nancy Wake is Australia’s most celebrated World War II resistance fighter. Hearing the name the “White Mouse”, most people would imagine that Nancy was mild, and shy, but nothing could be further from the truth. Nancy Wake was a brave and fearless woman who took part in dangerous tasks to save the lives of Allied servicemen and war refugees. As a journalist living in France, Nancy witnessed firsthand the cruelty of the Nazis and made up her mind to fight it any way she could. When the war started, Nancy helped hundreds of people escape to neutral( 中立的)Spain. Placed on top of the Gestapo’s most-wanted list, Nancy was referred to as the “White Mouse” because of the way she slipped(溜走)through their fingers and avoided detection. Nancy was sent to England in 1943 to join the British Special Operations Executive(SOE). She was trained in parachuting and surveillance(监视), throwing herself into these activities with strength and determination. She was later parachuted into France, where she helped organise and lead resistance fighters. On one memorable occasion she walked and cycled 500km through several German checkpoints to find a radio operator. She believed that being female allowed her to pass through checkpoints that no one else could get through. Nancy received medals from Allied countries. The medals are displayed in the World War II gallery at the Australian War Memorial, and form a fitting tribute to this fearless woman, who passed away in 2011. Perhaps the best words to underline Nancy Wake’s spirit came from her own lips: “I hate wars and violence. But if they come, I don’t see why we women should just wave our men a proud goodbye and then make them shoes, socks and gloves.” 1. What might most people think of Nancy Wake on hearing her nickname? A. She was a protective woman. B. She was gentle and easily harmed. C. She would like to tell the truth all the time. D. She was not afraid of being involved in a war. 2. What did Nancy Wake do at the start of the war? A. She got a full copy of the Gestapo’s most-wanted list. B. She helped people get away from war areas. C. She organised and led resistance fighters. D. She left France for Spain for good. 3. What can be learned about Nancy Wake as a female soldier? A. She fell victim to cruelty easily. B. She died in a parachute accident. C. She became a successful radio operator. D. She got past German checkpoints successfully. 4. Which of the following is probably Nancy Wake’s belief ? A. Women can fight on the front line. B. Women can make a great difference at home. C. Women should be trained to support the family. D. Women shouldn’t put themselves in high-risk situations. Passage 5 （24-25学年高二下·江苏省盐城市五校联考·期中） I used to be the most resolute resolution-maker. Even as a child, I was always goal-oriented and loved the feeling of accomplishing things, and every January 1st, I would dutifully sit down and write out my resolutions for the upcoming year. I always picked big goals, like: In the new year, I will lose 50pounds! And run a marathon! And have a picture-perfect home! Oh, and be the best parent ever who never yelled at my children! The problem? I never accomplished those resolutions. I’d start out strong, but by February or March, I’d be out of willpower and I’d slide quietly back into my old habits. Every winter, I’d feel guilty and ashamed, looking back at all of the amazing things… I didn’t do. Two years ago, I started experiencing severe stomach pain. The doctors weren’t sure what was causing it, and they finally scheduled a surgery to figure it out. But before I could have the surgery, I found a lump, which was diagnosed as breast cancer. I started treatment for it only to discover that the stomach pain was from appendix cancer. That’s right: two different cancers with two different treatment plans at the same time in the same body. It was a lot to deal with-the next year was incredibly difficult. One good thing I can say about cancer is that it completely changed my perspective on my life-especially about what I consider “success” and “failure.” Before, I always felt like I was failing somewhere, but now simply being alive and with my family felt like a huge success. That was when I decided I was done with New Year’s resolutions. I understand the appeal of having a fresh start, but I have learned from my illnesses that you can take the opportunity to start over at any time. In fact, you can start fresh every day if you want to! January 1st is just a day, and it’s not special. You can make the day you decide to be a better person a special day, regardless of what the calendar says. 1. Which can describe the past author best? A. A giant who dreamed big. B. A daydreamer without any action. C. A doer who did what she said. D. An ambitious person who achieved nothing. 2. What does the underlined word “lump” in paragraph 3 mean? A. A cure for cancer. B. A swelling under the skin. C. A physician in charge. D. A specialised hospital. 3. Why did the author stop making New Year’s resolutions? A. She gave up on becoming a better person. B. The resolutions were a waste of willpower. C. Cancer changed her opinion on life. D. The resolutions were too big to realize. 4. Which behavior is the author most likely to choose in the future? A. Try to live one day at a time. B. Seize the day and live it to the fullest. C. Do with all her might whatever she does. D. Change herself for better whenever she means to. 议论文 主题01人与社会——AI学术写作利弊 （24-25学年高二下·江苏省泰州中学·期中） We used to write with a pen. Now we generally write on a computer with the help of keyboard. In this digital age, artificial intelligence has become a new type of “pen” which we use to analyze, write and present everything from an article, a thesis, a research paper to a company report, and things alike. Since writing is an essential part of academic life, and since students struggle to produce quality papers, AI powered writing is gaining popularity on campuses. AI is so powerful that it can help with idea development, research design, content development, literature review, data management, as well as help with editing and reviewing of books. AI-powered writing can improve the grammar, structure, and help with citations and consistency to disciplinary standards. Therefore, AI tools can help students, teachers and researchers to overcome the challenges of academic writing, boost research productivity and improve efficiency. However, AI may seem human, but it is not. It may appear accurate, yet it isn’t. It may look intelligent, yet it is not. It may also seem to understand, but it can’t. An analysis done with the help of AI tools with seemingly high efficiency can be neither valid(有效的)nor reliable. Although AI can help write a seemingly nicely structured, grammatically correct and even precisely referenced paper, its research results can’t be accepted as authentic(真实的), because they cannot fully meet the real purpose of research or education as a whole. That is why many universities have been keeping students from using AI tools for academic writing, and have conducted rules limiting, if not altogether banning the use of Generative AI in academic writing. According to a survey of the world’s 100 top universities by Scriber on their attitude to AI writing tools, 18 percent have banned the use of ChatGPT, although individual instructors could allow its use, 27 percent have no clear guidance or policy, and 51 percent have left the decision on individual instructors. Only 4 percent of the universities allow the use of AI(with citation)unless instructors forbid it. 1. What is paragraph 2 of the text mainly about? A. The importance of academic writing. B. The potential users of AI-powered writing. C. The challenges faced by researchers and scholars. D. The popularity of AI-powered writing on campuses. 2. What may be the author’s attitude towards a research report written by AI? A. Negative. B. Dismissive. C. Positive. D. Unclear. 3. Who have the right to decide the use of Al in academic writing in most universities? A. Fund sponsors. B. Individual instructors. C. Would-be graduates. D. Producers of AI tools. 4. Which idiom can best describe AI-powered writing? A. A wet blanket. B. A pie in the sky. C. A double-edged sword. D. A big fish in a small pond. 主题01 人与社会——友情、亲情与友谊 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二下·江苏南通·期中） After graduating from high school, we kept in touch. But as we got older, years passed without our seeing each other. We changed careers, circumstances, and addresses. In the spring of 2014, after Rich and Chris spent a weekend biking trails together in Virginia, Chris suggested the three of us plan a tour. I had worried some before that first tour. How well did we know each other after all these years? Did we have as much in common as we used to? Would we have enough to talk about? We might get tired and cranky(烦躁的). What if none of it was fun? I needn’t have worried. We have enough to talk about. We know each other better, now, than ever. We get tired and cranky. Yes, it’s fun. On the trail we talk about friends we have in common and friends we don’t, books, movies, and music. We talk about places we’ve lived or traveled, and other places we might tour. We talk about the things we can’t let go of; things we did, or failed to do; opportunities we missed, or took; choices, good and bad. Moving through a changing landscape, following the rivers or the coast, seems to open us to wider, if not deeper, thinking. Having no goal other than to reach our accommodation before dark presents an unanticipated opportunity to stretch our understanding of each other and ourselves. Unhurried days in nature in the company of friends turn out to be beneficial to reflection. Some places on the trails stay with me more than others. Encounters, too. Like the elderly retriever(寻回犬)on Prince Edward Island, waiting for us at the door of Shaw’s Hotel. It’s because, I think, the pleasures that we don’t anticipate stay with us longest and get richer over time. Among these are friendships that persist despite life’s weather, or because of it. As I write, Chris and Rich are preparing to fly to California, where we’ll ride the Monterey Peninsula and Big Sur, near my home. Already, Tour 3 is underway: In our messages we joke with one another, testing out our lines. We plan, we disagree and cavil(挑剔), we express enthusiasm, and we start conversations, knowing they’ll continue on the trails. 1. What was the author’s primary concern about the planned tour in 2014? A. The cost of the weekend trip. B. The difficulty of the biking trails. C. The physical challenges on the trip. D. The potential of failing to enjoy the trip. 2. What is one of the benefits of traveling together without a specific goal? A. It increases physical strength. B. It encourages deeper thoughts. C. It improves communicating skills. D. It leads to discovering rare landscapes. 3. What does the author imply about unexpected pleasures? A. They fade quickly with time. B. They grow deeper over time. C. They depend on travel modes. D. They become less meaningful. 4. Why does the author mention Tour 3 in the last paragraph? A. To contrast with past experiences. B. To highlight an upcoming travel plan. C. To indicate a continuation of friendship. D. To emphasize unresolved disagreements. Passage 2 （24-25学年高二下·江苏徐州·期中） Eppie’s cheeks were flushed with distress. “Thank you, sir and madam. But I can’t leave my father.” Eppie went back to Silas’s chair, and put an arm round his neck, brushing the tears from her eyes. Godfrey was extremely annoyed. He wanted to do what he thought was his duty. And adopting Eppie would make him feel much less guilty about his past. “But, Eppie, you must agree,” he cried. “You are my daughter! Silas Marner, you know, Eppie’s mother was my wife and she is my own child.” Eppie’s face went white. Silas, who had been relieved by hearing Eppie’s answer to Godfrey, now answered bitterly, “Then, sir, why didn’t you confess this sixteen years ago, before I began to love her? Why do you come to take her away now, when it’s like taking the heart out of my body? God gave her to me because you abandoned her! And He considers her mine!” “I think, Marner,” he said firmly, “that you should consider what’s best for Eppie. You shouldn’t stand in her way when she could have a better life.” Silas was silent for a moment. He was worried that perhaps Godfrey was right, and that it was selfish of him to keep Eppie. At last he brought out the difficult words. “All right. Speak to the child. I won't prevent her from going.” Godfrey and his wife were relieved to hear this, and thought Eppie would now agree. “Eppie, my dear,” said Godfrey, “although I haven’t been a good father to you so far, I want to do my best for you now.” But Eppie did not come forward this time. She stood by Silas’s side, holding his hand in hers, and spoke almost coldly. “Thank you for your kind offer. But I wouldn’t be happy if I left father. He’d have nobody if I weren’t here. Nobody shall ever come between him and me!” “But you must make sure, Eppie,” said Silas worriedly, “that you won't be sorry, if you decide to stay with poor people. You could have a much better life.” “I’ll never be sorry,” said Eppie firmly. “I don’t want to be rich, if I can’t live with the people I know and love.” 1. Why did Godfrey want to claim Eppie back? A. To please his present wife. B. To repair his public reputation. C. To ease his sense of guilt. D. To make things easier for Silas. 2. How did Silas feel according to paragraph 3? A. Annoyed. B. Relieved. C. Surprised. D. Confused. 3. What made Silas finally let Eppie make her own decision? A. Pressure from Godfrey. B. His deep love for her. C. Fear of legal consequences. D. His desire for moral superiority. 4. What values does Eppie’s decision mirror? A. Putting personal freedom first. B. Living up to family expectations. C. Focusing on material comforts. D. Valuing emotional bonds over wealth. Passage 3 （24-25学年高二下·江苏宿迁市泗阳县·期中） Amir, was a wealthy young master whose father was a merchant, while Hassan was the son of his father’s servant. Although the two had different identities, they grew up together since childhood and were as close as blood brothers. Hassan was extremely loyal to Amir, always unconditionally protecting and supporting him. Hassan consistently guarded Amir, never abandoning him no matter what Amir did to him. The phrase “For you, a thousand times over” is not just a slogan, but also an action of Hassan’s loyalty to Amir. However, in a kite competition, Amir chose to betray Hassan in order to win his father’s approval, witnessing Hassan being bullied but not standing up. Amir betrayed Hassan due to selfishness and timidity(胆怯；羞怯；胆小),causing Hassan to suffer serious injuries. This betrayal not only burdened Amir with lifelong shame, but also brought an end to his relationship with Hassan. After the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan, Amir and his father fled to the United States to start a new life. Despite the changes in his living environment, Amir’s sense of regret followed him like a shadow. He worked hard to attend college in the United States, became a writer after graduation, and married Soraya, the daughter of General Taheri, who also came from Afghanistan. However, the mistakes he had made in the past have always been unforgettable for him. Years later, Amir got a call from Rahim Khan. He found out that Hassan was his half - brother, and both Hassan and his wife were dead. Their son Sohrab was in trouble. Amir went back to Afghanistan to save Sohrab. He fought Assef, who was a Taliban member that time. Sohrab helped Amir win. Finally, Amir took Sohrab to the US to start a new life, trying to make up for his past mistakes. 1. How did Hassan demonstrate his loyalty to Amir? A. By seeking Amir’s mercy. B. By backing Amir up at all costs. C. By competing for Amir in kite battles. D. By inquiring Amir when Amir committed mistakes. 2. Why did Amir betray Hassan during the kite contest? A. To astonish his friends. B. To attain a qualification. C. To show his responsibility. D. To obtain his father’s recognition. 3. What was the consequence of Amir’s betrayal of Hassan? A. Hassan forgave Amir instantly. B. Hassan became a superb writer. C. Amir immigrated to the United States. D. Amir lived with guilt in his remaining years. 4. What would be the best title of this passage? A. Masters and Servants. B. Innocence and Loyalty. C. Selfishness and Timidity. D. Betrayal and Redemption(救赎). Passage 4 （24-25学年高二下·淮安市协作体·期中） It was a stormy evening, and all that Neil could hope was to find a shelter that could keep him protected from the chilly wind and cold rain. After work he had to get home on time, as his busy schedule was preventing him from spending quality time with his family. The bus stop on the way provided temporary shelter, where Neil was becoming increasingly agitated(焦虑不安的)with every passing minute. All his evening plans were washed out. “Sir, why don’t you buy a pack of groundnuts(花生)from me?” Neil looked around to see a man in rag standing by his side. “Oh, no, I’m not interested right now.” “Fried groundnuts will do you a world of good now. Moreover, you can also take some for your family.” The very mention of family brought a concern to Neil. His wife had specifically told him to come home early, if not for her sake, at least for the sake of their seven-year-old son. When he was lost in thought, the groundnut seller had filled a bag with the remaining nuts and offered him an unexpectedly low price. But, Neil refused to buy them: “I do not want to buy anything at this point!” Suddenly, he heard a voice of a kid. “Dad, I want some money to buy books for the school.” He saw a ten-year-old boy, totally drenched from top to bottom, as though he had just run a race. He was talking to the groundnut seller. “Yes, yes, I’m ready to leave now. Come! How many books do you want? Why did you get wet in the rain? Your mother must be getting worried.” Neil turned to the seller. There was an instant when they both made the perfect eye contact. Neil had the look of what it is to be a father. The groundnut seller did not say anything and gave the packet of groundnuts without saying a word. Neil pulled a note from his wallet, placed it in the man’s hand, and walked away without waiting for the change. 1. Why did Neil become more anxious at the bus stop? A. The rain stopped him from getting home on time. B. The chilly wind made him feel colder and colder. C. He thought of his boring and heavy work. D. He couldn’t find a good place to keep off the rain. 2. Why didn’t Neil buy the man’s groundnuts at first? A. He didn’t have enough money on him. B. His family doesn’t like groundnuts. C. He was in a bad mood at that time. D. His family was a little poor. 3. What does the underlined word “drenched” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Wet through. B. Very excited. C. Well dressed. D. Sweat heavily. 4. What made Neil buy all the seller’s groundnuts? A. The seller’s generous action. B. His having a pity for the seller. C. The seller’s greatness as a father. D. His being moved by the seller’s son. Passage 5 （24-25学年高二下·连云港市市区新浦中学等七校联考·期中） Emily Bhatnagar has always loved reading. Growing up, she was really shy, so she always turned to books. They sort of became her best friends when she didn’t have one. In 2019, when Bhatnagar was in her second year of high school, her dad was diagnosed with cancer. The news was difficult for the family. Books became an even bigger comfort, and she started thinking about families in similar situations. When her father recovered, she came up with a plan to help others. “The idea came from just deep gratitude that the doctors were able to save her father,” she says. “But also a hint of sadness that there were kids who were fighting the same battle.” Bhatnagar started a book drive in her hometown, Gaithersburg, Maryland. The goal was to collect books and give them to kids being treated for cancer in local hospitals. Her father was not surprised by this plan. “She was always interested in books, and she always wanted to do things for the neighborhood,” he says. Since the start of the book drive, which she calls For Love & Buttercup, Bhatnagar has collected more than 10,000 books. Bhatnagar had no idea how much attention her work would get. She started by posting on social media, asking people in her area to donate. “I was expecting maybe two or three responses from neighbors,” she says. “But it ended up blowing up,” especially when news stations began reporting it. The public response has been super great. Bhatnagar continues to run the book drive and hopes to one day expand the project to reach more kids. The memory of the first time she visited children who’d received her books sticks with her. “It was the best day of my life,” she says. “I realized I wanted to do this type of work forever.” 1. What can we learn about Bhatnagar from paragraph 2? A. She loves her father dearly. B. She cares for sick children. C. She got into a habit of reading. D. She fought hard against cancer. 2. What is For Love & Buttercup aiming to do? A. To collect over 10,000 books. B. To stimulate children’s interest in books. C. To help raise money for the poor. D. To donate books to kids with cancer. 3. How did Bhatnagar feel about the public response to the book drive? A. It’s unexpected. B. It’s confusing. C. It’s unsatisfactory. D. It’s immediate. 4. Which of the following best describes Bhatnagar? A. Serious and humorous. B. Caring and ambitious. C. Brave and strong-willed. D. Generous and warm-hearted. Passage 6 （24-25学年高二下·江苏宿迁市泗阳县·期中） Over the weekend, students and teachers from Vaughn arrived in Beijing to kick off a new wave of China-US cultural exchange programs. They visited the Temple of Heaven, the Forbidden City, and the Great Wall, where they marveled at the traditional Chinese architecture and learned about the country’s cultural heritage. The students particularly enjoyed the stories shared by their tour guide at the Forbidden City, such as those about emperors, empresses, and concubines, and found it fascinating to see how different cultures influence storytelling and cultural legacies. Both Principal Li Shuming from BHSFIC and Principal Yvonne Chan from Vaughn Next Century Learning Center emphasized the importance of open-mindedness and the significance of this program. Hosting students from the US provides an opportunity for mutual learning and growth, they emphasized. What I found special about the cultural exchange was the way Principal Chan, who grew up in China and pursued her educational career in the US, spoke to students from both schools through her intercultural experience. She described this exchange as a culmination of the Chinese Dream and the American Dream. The establishment of close connections between youngsters immersed in drastically different cultural backgrounds and experiences is a microcosm of the China-US collaboration. The understanding and connections that started in that very room transcends beyond geography or political borders and points to the hope and peace that is possible between the two nations. The presence of exchange students in our classrooms promoted greater multicultural awareness and encouraged me to reflect on the unique aspects of my own upbringing in Beijing. Their integration into our classes and their eagerness to share their observations about the differences between our lives and theirs back home illustrated the potential for intercultural unity, as long as we continue to create opportunities for communication and understanding. 1. What did the students especially like at the Forbidden City? A. The stories about emperors. B. The food stalls near the entrance. C. The traditional Chinese architecture. D. The shopping opportunities around it. 2. What can we learn from Principal Chan’s words in paragraph3? A. Exchange students have dreams of visiting each other’s countries. B. The exchange is vital for the growth of China and the United States. C. Youngsters take on responsibility to bridge the gap in cultural exchange. D. The program is funded by both the Chinese and American governments. 3. What made Principal Yvonne Chan unique? A. Her challenging journey. B. Her fascinating personality. C. Her fluent multiple languages. D. Her cross-cultural experiences. 4. What is the potential benefit of cultural exchange programs? A. Encouraging students to learn about historical sites. B. Motivating students to pursue careers in education. C. Providing opportunities for students to travel abroad. D. Promoting understanding and unity between countries. 主题02 人与自我——励志与成长 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二下·江苏南通如皋市·期中） On the first day of senior year, Mia sat alone at the back of the music room, her fingers tracing the scar on her left hand-the reminder of a biking accident that had ended her piano dreams two years ago. The room was filled with the chatter of classmates tuning violins and adjusting drum kits, but Mia’s eyes stayed fixed on the dusty piano in the corner. “ Hi, I’m Alex, ” a boy with a guitar slung over his shoulder smiled. “ You play piano, right? I remember seeing you perform at the freshman concert.” Mia tensed, her scar throbbing(颤动)slightly. “Not anymore, ” she mumbled, pretending to study her music sheet. Weeks passed. Mia kept to herself, but Alex’s persistence was unwavering. One afternoon as Mia was sketching(画素描)the piano in her notebook, Alex suddenly said, “What if we did a duet(二重奏)for the winter concert? You could... uh, help me with the piano part?” His ears turned red, and Mia realized he was trying to hide the fact that he already knew about her accident. “I can’t,” Mia said quickly, shutting her notebook. But Alex just shrugged. “No pressure. I’ll be practicing in the music room after school if you change your mind. ” That evening, Mia found herself lingering(徘徊)outside the room. Through the window, she saw Alex struggling with a complicated guitar piece. Something about his determination stirred her. She pushed the door open. “The bridge section needs more harmony,” she said softly. “Like this.” Without thinking, she sat at the piano and played a simple chord progression, her scarred hand trembling but steady. Alex’s eyes lit up. “Perfect! Let’s try it together.” As the concert date neared, Mia noticed something surprising - her hand hurt less when she played, as if the music was healing old wounds. On the night of the concert, the stage lights glimmered on the piano and guitar. Mia took a deep breath, her fingers hovering(悬停)over the keys. When Alex nodded, she began to play, soft and sure. The room was silent, then erupted into applause as their final notes combined. Mia smiled. She realized that Alex had never pitied her; he’d simply seen the music in her heart, waiting to be heard. The scar on her hand still ached sometimes, but now it felt like a reminder of how beauty could grow from brokenness - just like their duet, imperfect yet whole. 1. Why did Mia stop playing the piano? A. She lost interest in music. B. A hand injury affected her skills. C. She preferred sketching to performing. D. Her family couldn’t afford piano lessons. 2. Which word best describes Alex? A. Proud and impatient. B. Sensitive and confident. C. Caring and encouraging. D. Competitive and cooperative. 3. What motivated Mia to join Alex’s duet? A. She felt sorry for Alex’s poor guitar skills. B. She needed to earn extra credit for music class. C. She wanted to prove she was still a great pianist. D. She was moved by Alex’s persistent effort in practicing. 4. What can we infer from the last paragraph about Mia? A. She regretted hiding her talent for so long. B. She no longer felt pain in her scarred hand. C. She decided to become a professional musician. D. She learned to embrace her imperfection through music. Passage 2 （24-25学年高二下·江苏宿迁市沭阳县·期中） When my son started preschool, I realized he was different. Almost every morning at drop-off, he would hold on to my leg until I could free myself and run away feeling guilty. I soon learned that he spent most days with his head on his desk, refusing to speak or make eye contact with anyone. However, he had no problem speaking at home, which puzzled me. It wasn’t long before he was diagnosed with selective mutism(SM), a rare form of anxiety characterized by the inability to speak in certain situations. For a child like him, school and other social situations can be especially stressful, which explained why my son didn’t want me to leave him there. I went into full mama bear mode. Each year, I wrote a detailed email to his classroom teacher before the start of school, giving them information on how to deal with him in class. But in a large public school, with nearly 40 kids per class and only one counselor(顾问)to deal with everything, my emails often went ignored, and my son rarely received the support he needed. And when I turned to the administration, they suggested we find another school. However, my son begged me to keep him in the same school with his older sister, insisting if he had to go to school, he liked knowing she was in the building. Against our better judgment, we decided to trust him and let him lead. To our surprise, his competitive nature made him a determined student, and his grades reflected his effort. Because of his spirit, I became a positive advocate for him, so did his fourth-grade teacher. After constant efforts, we came up with solutions that met the curriculum within his level of comfort. Now, he is still a little nervous about school, but I’m less anxious knowing he has the tools and the support he needs to cope. He feels empowered to email his teachers and ask for help outside of class. He’s playing soccer with a team of boys he calls his “friends”. And for the first time in a long time, he let go of my leg, waved goodbye and walked into the school building to face the day. 1. What initially worried the mother about her son? A. His physical health condition. B. His conflicts with classmates. C. His poor academic performance. D. His social communication difficulties. 2. What caused the school’s inadequate support? A. The child’s refusal to cooperate. B. Parents’ unrealistic expectations C. Crowded classes and staff shortages. D. Teachers’ lack of professional training. 3. Which quality best describes the mother? A. Strict but patient. B. Overprotective but kind. C. Passionate and respectful. D. Determined and optimistic. 4. What is the best title for the text? A. Mother and Son: Partners in Growth. B. Unconditional Love Defeating Childhood Anxiety. C. School Challenges for Selective Mutism Kids. D. Silent Struggle: A Special Education Journey. Passage 3 （24-25学年高二下·江苏常州溧阳市·期中） Madison Marsh is not only the current Miss Colorado but also a Harvard student and a U.S. Air Force soldier. In 2023, the 22-year-old ran for the Miss America crown, an event that now features high pressure interviews on stage and a fitness competition and she won them all.   “Pageants(选美比赛)are changing and one of the ways is in what being beautiful means to women. My cousin competed in pageants because she loved community services and wanted to improve her public speaking skills. For me, I needed to stay physically fit for the army, so preparing for the competition could make me do more exercise. As a young girl, Madison dreamed of being a pilot and astronaut. Her parents sent her to Space Camp when she was 13, “In the camp, I performed simulated(模拟的)space tasks and was placed in a simulated setting that is realistic to obtain a taste of what it is like to be an astronaut first-hand,” Madison said. At 17, she started flying lessons and earned her pilot's license two years later, Madison’s future may see her as a fighter pilot, but the sad loss of her mother to cancer pulled Madison toward a career in cancer research. She realized that her bigger passion was to do cancer research. So she studied hard and entered a master's degree program at the Harvard Kennedy School. “Currently I am always invited to give speeches at different schools. I enjoy talking with other young girls about being a pilot and a Harvard student. It’s a great experience to bring both sides of the favorite parts of my life together and hopefully make a difference for others to be able to realize that you don’t have to limit yourself,” Madison said. “With strong determination and resolve, a person can always figure out how to make something significant happen despite challenges or limitations,” Madison said in one of her speeches. 1. Why did Madison Marsh participate in the pageant? A. To develop confidence. B. To promote community services C. To improve public speaking skills. D. To gain extra motivation for workouts. 2. What does Madison Marsh think of Space Camp? A. Interactive. B. Cooperative. C. Immersive. D. Complex. 3. What is Madison’s current focus? A. Practicing the pilot skills. B. Inspiring younger generations. C. Working on the cancer research. D. Preparing for the master's degree program. 4. What can we learn from the story? A. Be the change you want to see. B. Luck favors the prepared mind. C. Where there is a will, there is a way. D. Actions speak louder than words. 议论文 主题01 人与社会——人工智能与信息技术 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二下·江苏省南京师范大学附中·期中） During the Paris Olympic Games, Google unveiled an Olympics-themed advertisement to promote its Gemini AI chatbot. Surprisingly, the ad sparked heated criticism, leading Google to remove it a week after its release. The ad showed a father using Google’s Gemini AI chatbot to help his daughter write a fan letter to US Olympic track star, Sydney McLaughlin Levrone. In the ad, the father believes AI will do a better job than himself, “she wants to show Sydney some love and I’m pretty good with words but this has to be just right.” However, this idea didn’t win over viewers. “This advertisement is misleading, as it overestimates AI’s ability to understand and convey the subtle differences of human emotions and thoughts,” wrote Shelly Palmer, a media processor at Syracuse University in the US, in a blog post. “Who wants an AI-written fan letter?” one viewer added. Viewers also expressed concern that too much reliance on AI tools could ruin children’s learning opportunities. “Instead of guiding her to use her own words and communicate authentically(真实地), [the father] is teaching her to rely on AI for this critical human skill,” said Palmer. Palmer stressed that our use of language deeply shapes our reality. For example, you or I might refer to a color as “red”, but that same color might be labeled “scarlet” by an artist or “dark rose” by an interior designer. Language not only communicates information but also reflects the speaker’s unique perspective. “Google seems to suggest that this young girl doesn’t need to develop her own ability to express and shape her reality,” said Palmer. The use of generative AI also lacks the emotional depth that comes from personal expression. Palmer once received a message from a reader years ago that read: “You’re too stupid to own a smart phone.” He loved this humorously sarcastic(讽刺的)email so much that he had it framed on his office wall. “It was honest, direct(and probably accurate),” he said. “Give me a heartfelt message over a grammatically correct, AI-generated message any day.” 1. What does the underlined word “unveiled” in paragraph 1 most probably mean? A. Removed. B. Released. C. Dismissed. D. Disapproved. 2. Why did Google’s Olympics-themed advertisement receive criticism? A. It discouraged children from learning proper writing techniques through AI. B. It inaccurately described the capabilities of Gemini AI in grammar correction. C. It overestimated the importance of emotional depth in human communication. D. It suggested AI could replace authentic human expression in emotional contexts. 3. What does Shelly Palmer imply by mentioning the example of color descriptions? A. Professional terms are essential for accurate communication. B. AI struggles to distinguish slight differences in vocabulary usage. C. Standardized language ensures efficient information transmission. D. Language mirrors personal viewpoints and constructs one’s reality. 4. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? A. Can AI Paint Human Souls? B. Can AI Silence Human Voices? C. Olympic Spark: AI Language Learning D. AI Criticism: Gemini’s Expression Error Passage 2 （24-25学年高二下·江苏省南京外国语学校·期中） Visit any antiques store and you’ll encounter artifacts from the past, photographs, letters, a brochure detailing the Sinclair dinosaur exhibit from the 1964-65 World’s Fair, the ephemera(昙花一现之物)of history. Yet these objects aren’t truly ephemeral, because they’re still here, decades, even centuries later. Why? Because they’re tangible. Have you thought about the life cycle of intangible formats, digital information, given that those who produce these artifacts seldom make preparations for their long-term preservation? At the time of creation, no attempts were made at intentional preservation, yet analog(模拟的)materials have a chance of surviving and serving as the historical record that biographers, historians, and novelists rely on. Libraries and archives have traditionally shouldered the responsibility of organization, preservation, and access to information. Librarians digitize the tangible so that researchers the world over can quickly search and access their holdings. However, librarians’ selfless devotion can act against us when users point to universality of access by holding up a cell phone and saying, “it’s all in here” as evidence that libraries are less vital for researchers today. Yet how was that universality of access made possible and, perhaps more importantly, how is it maintained? Who tends to what is preserved? When it comes to born-digital information, the terrifying answer can be: if not librarians and archivists, then no one.  Digital information requires a great deal more care than analog. Even when a digital object is preserved, it may only be the carrier that’s saved, not the information itself. As technology advances and a format becomes obsolete(过时的), the object is useless. Have you ever stared helplessly at a ZIP disk, thinking: how do I get the files off this? Without constant migration of digital assets, a nightmare about the foreseeable future is what keeps historians up at night: a historical record that suddenly stops when digital replaces analog. As a librarian whose day job revolves around special collections and digital assets, I share the night terrors of historians, and I’d be lying if I said a comprehensive preservation solution currently exists. Yet researchers can take some comfort in the fact that there are a large number of librarians devoted to discovering, organizing, and preserving digital information for researchers current and future. While future researchers may find the digital realm a challenging place to do their work, they won’t find it an impossible one. 1. Why does the author mention the artifacts from the past? A. To bring up the issue of preservation. B. To comment on their historical value. C. To contrast them with everyday items. D. To introduce the collection of antiques. 2. According to paragraph 3, what may librarians’ work result in? A. Oversupply of materials. B. Undervaluation of libraries. C. Researchers’ underperformance. D. Users’ overreliance on technology. 3. Why is the “ZIP disk” cited as an example? A. To explain the way of getting off files saved in their carriers. B. To show the development of constantly migrating digital assets. C. To illustrate the possibility of losing information in obsolete formats. D. To reveal the inconvenience of storing information on analog devices. 4. Which of the following best summarizes the text? A. Hard work should be done to preserve artifacts. B. Contributions of librarians should be recognized. C. Accessing databases is essential to researchers. D. Keeping digital historical records is a challenge. 主题02 人与自我——友谊，与他人分享的策略 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二下·江苏省盐城市五校联考·期中） Do we really know our best friends? I like my close friends a lot, and yet, on an almost daily basis, they shocked me. I have a friend who thinks voting is a waste of time; I have another friend who never takes any arrangement to meet at a given time and place seriously. It’s generally held that friends are people with whom we choose to develop relationships because we find their personalities agreeable, or similar to our own, and yet experience regularly contradicts this. What is a friend, really? All that one can safely say is that a friend is someone one likes and wishes to see again. The truth is that we don’t know our friends. Numerous studies show that we tend to assume our friends agree with us more than they really do. The striking part is that the problem doesn’t appear to lessen as a friendship deepens. When the researchers Michael Gill and Bill Swann questioned students sharing rooms, they found that, as time passed,people became even more confident in the accuracy of their judgments about the other, and yet, in reality, the judgments grew no more accurate. Two people might become dear friends, yet remain ignorant about vast areas of each other’s inner lives. This seems strange, until you consider, that many of the benefits that friendship provides don’t necessarily depend on perfect familiarity; they come from something closer to reliability. Friendship may be less about being drawn to someone’s personality than about finding someone willing to keep you company, or lend an ear. A friend provides the “social-identity support” we desire. You needn’t be a close match with someone, nor deeply familiar with their mind. And once a friendship has begun, you want to like it, if only to confirm that you made the right decision. We don’t want to know everything about our friends. We don’t base friendships on what we learn about people; we decide what to learn about people, and what to ignore, based on having decided to be friends. Perhaps there’s something moving about viewing friendship as an agreement to keep each other company, ignore each other’s faults and not probe(刨根问底)too deeply in ways that might weaken the friendship. Perhaps a true friend is someone who doesn’t ask many awkward questions. 1. Why does the author tell the stories of his two friends in the first paragraph? A. To provide background information. B. To introduce the topic of the passage. C. To stress the importance of friendship. D. To show the difference between friends. 2. The underlined word “they” in Paragraph 4 refers to ________. A. friendships B. strangers C. researchers D. benefits 3. It can be concluded from the passage that ________. A. close friends usually know each other in depth B. real friends are people you like but don’t wish to see often C. we do not necessarily share personalities with close friends D. the longer we stay with friends, the more accurately we judge them 4. Which statement about friends will the author probably accept? A. Stay friends but keep a distance. B. It takes a long time to grow an old friend. C. Real friends will tell you when your face is dirty. D. True friends know all about you and still like you. Passage 2 （24-25学年高二下·江苏省南京市六校联合体·期中） People naturally want to share their beliefs and feelings with others. Whether positive or negative, opinions feel as though they were made for sharing. This has a solid logic: Sharing emotions and opinions can lead to imitation, which can in turn create a bond and more positive social interactions.      Besides creating a bond, another reason you might want to convince someone to model themselves on your feelings is to get them to change their views. To achieve that result, you can usually choose whether to present your views in a positive or negative way. So you might tell someone either that you’re voting for a particular presidential candidate because you believe this person will make the country stronger and fairer and you want that better future, or that the other candidate will ruin the society and anyone who disagrees is a fool. The approach you choose to persuading others depends on your goal and your audience. If your audience already agrees with you, negative presentation can strengthen their beliefs. For example, saying, “If we don’t vote for Candidate X, our society will suffer!” can motivate supporters. But this strategy won’t work on someone who disagrees — they’ll just dismiss your argument as unreasonable. Worse, if you express anger toward those who disagree, they may become even more opposed to your views. This is the so-called boomerang effect. In the 1960s, psychologists found that when people are severely questioned over the opinions they hold, they are much more likely to dig into their position. The boomerang effect can be hard to observe when people are dealing with a complex social interaction involving different opinions and feelings. To give an example: Imagine if someone brought you flowers but then hit you with them—you wouldn’t want to listen to them. The same happens when people use their opinions as weapons instead of gifts. If you want to persuade others, it’s better to share your views positively. In conclusion, to be more persuasive, manage your emotions and share them in a way that invites discussion rather than conflict. Instead of attacking others, try turning your opinions into gifts—something others might actually want to accept. 1. According to the passage, why do people naturally share their beliefs? A. To make social interactions meaningful. B. To question and correct others’ opinions. C. To strengthen interpersonal relationships. D. To set their views as a standard for others. 2. Compared to negative arguments, why might positive ones work better when persuading someone who disagrees? A. Negative arguments often make people defend themselves. B. Negative arguments including false facts can be misleading. C. Positive arguments can strengthen others’ different beliefs. D. Positive arguments often give rise to the boomerang effect. 3. To avoid the boomerang effect, what should you do when persuading others? A. Listen to others patiently. B. Express your views clearly. C. Allow for different voices. D. Present beautiful presents. 4. What does the author mainly convey in this passage? A. What matters in social interactions. B. How to tolerate different opinions. C. Why people love sharing opinions. D. How to make a difference to others. 主题03 人与自然——环境/生态保护 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二下·江苏无锡江阴市·期中） We are all aware of the damaging pollution that’s created by driving petrol and diesel(柴油)vehicles. Many of the world’s cities are blocked with traffic, creating fumes containing gases such as nitrogen oxides. The solution for a cleaner, greener future could be electric vehicles. But how optimistic should we be? There was much excitement last year when the UK government announced it will ban the sale of new petrol and diesel cars from 2030. But is that easier said than done? The road to global traffic being totally electric is still a long way off. Currently, battery life is an issue — a fully charged battery won’t take you as far as a full tank of petrol. There are also limited numbers of charging points to plug an EV into. Of course, technology is always improving. Some of the biggest tech companies, like Google and Tesla, are spending huge amounts of money developing electric cars. And most of the big car manufacturers are now making them too. Colin Herron, a consultant on low-carbon vehicle technology, told the BBC: “The big leap forward will come with solid state batteries, which will appear first in mobile phones and laptops before they progress to cars.” These will charge more quickly and give cars a bigger range. Cost is another issue that may discourage people switching to electric power. But some countries offer incentive, such as cutting prices by reducing import taxes, and not charging for road tax and parking. Some also provide exclusive lanes for electric cars to be driven on, overtaking traditional cars which might be stuck in jams. These kinds of measures have made Norway the country with the most electric cars per capita(人均)at more than thirty electric cars per 1000 inhabitants. But Colin Herron warns that “electric motoring” doesn’t mean a zero-carbon future. “It’s emission-free motoring, but the car has to be built, the battery has to be built, and the electricity does come from somewhere.” Maybe it’s time to think about making fewer journeys or using public transport. 1. What can we infer from the question at the end of paragraph 1? A. We should not be too optimistic about the future. B. Electric vehicles may not solve the traffic problems. C. It’s not a good idea to replace petrol vehicles with electric ones. D. It is not easy to obtain a greener future by means of electric vehicles. 2. What does the underlined word “incentive” mean in paragraph 2? A. payment B. income C. encouragement D. method 3. Which statement is true according to the passage? A. Electric motoring will create a zero-carbon future. B. Electric cars might not get stuck in traffic jams in the future. C. There are four obstacles on the road to global traffic being totally electric. D. Putting solid-state batteries in electric cars first will be a “great leap forward”. 4. What is the most suitable title for the text? A. Total Electric Traffic: a Long Way to Go B. Electric Vehicles: a Road to a Greener Future C. Electric Power or Petrol: a Tough Decision to Make D. Petrol and Diesel Vehicles: a Main source of Gases Passage 2 （24-25学年高二下·江苏省苏州市工业园区南京航空航天大学苏州附中·期中） “Shhh!” This is the demand that eco-acoustics(生态声学)researcher Jerome Sueur makes of humanity. The noises of technology spread across even the remotest corners of the planet. Sueur explores the impact of the ever-present sound on the animal world in Natural History of Silence. Between travelogue-style chapters and philosophical reflections, the book covers many key terms and theories, such as the acoustic niche hypothesis(声学生态位假说), which assumes that each species has its own acoustic space to improve communication with its own kind and limit sound competition from other species. Sueur’s point is this: silence is a crucial resource, like food or water, which species compete for to survive. “Making sound is important,” he writes. But humans need to “make sure we are not more alive than others”. When the COVID-19 pandemic(流行病)unexpectedly put human activities on hold, noise-monitoring organizations in France recorded a 60 – 75% drop in sound levels in many cities. Globally, wildlife communication changed during lockdowns. Fish and dolphins off the coast of New Zealand extended the range of their calls by 65% owing to a sharp reduction in boat travel. However, when humans emerged from their homes, so did all human-generated sounds and their harmful effects on natural systems, Sueur writes. Sueur calls for a greater awareness of the need to preserve zones where noise is not welcome, effectively proposing a global network of silent shelters for wildlife. The book, thus, highlights an imaginary dividing line between humanity and nature—an approach to conservation that has thwarted contemporary environmentalists who believe true conservation success comes from building a harmonious bond with nature. Some even argue against it in public and attempt to seek more all-around solutions that involve local and indigenous(本土) communities. To encourage readers to act, the book could have included stories about successful no-fly zones where communities are working to address the problem. But the focus on solutions is narrow. Instead, his winding and wordy writing often carries a tone of anger, which could drive away the people he wants to silence. 1. What does the acoustic niche hypothesis assume? A. Species use sounds to communicate. B. Each species has a unique sound range. C. Species compete for sound resources. D. Making sound is the key to survival. 2. Why are fish and dolphins mentioned in paragraph 3? A. To show the destruction caused by the pandemic. B. To stress the role of animals in the local ecosystem. C. To illustrate the impact of human activities on wildlife. D. To compare responses of different animals to lockdowns. 3. What does the underlined word “thwarted” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Enlightened. B. Transformed. C. Misled. D. Discouraged. 4. What can we learn about the book from the last paragraph? A. It is written in an objective tone. B. It serves its writing purpose well. C. It fails to relate to certain readers. D. It conveys rather shallow ideas. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $