专题02 阅读理解 记叙文&议论文（期中真题汇编，江苏专用）高一英语下学期

专题02 阅读理解（记叙文&议论文） 主题01 人与社会——跨文化交流，文化差异 （24-25学年高一下·江苏省苏州市吴江中学·期中） Passage 1 Learning new languages can be empowering, opening doors to connect with people from different cultures. Recently, a man practicing Chinese gained widespread attention after visiting a local Lanzhou noodle restaurant and speaking the language in a truly memorable way. Canadian resident Cali Lopez shared a video of his interaction with a Chinese waitress and their authentic and curious exchange quickly won praise online. The incident occurred in Saskatoon,one of Canada's largest cities, with a growing Chinese community. Cali appeared anxious and nervous at the Lanzhou noodle restaurant before a waitress approached him. Greeting her in her native language, he nearly left her in shock. With a smile, Cali then politely asked the waitress if he could practice his Chinese and began ordering in her language, asking questions about the menu. He noticed a dish that caught his interest and asked in Chinese, “Is this sour pickle(泡菜)soup hot?” The waitress replied, “Yes, a little bit spicy.” Cali, who works as an English teacher, was fine with mild spice, replying,“Oh, I just want to order one.” When she asked about his other food preferences, he shared his desire for a dish with rice noodles. The waitress then listed the restaurant’s six types of noodles, including three round and three flat varieties. Cali appeared to struggle a bit while discussing the types of noodles in Chinese, requesting the waitress to point to the menu and explain each dish's preparation to help him order. After some thought, he chose the thinnest of the round noodles. Curious about his language skills,Cali then asked,“Can you understand me?” and waited eagerly for her response. The waitress confirmed she could, leaving Cali visibly moved. The one-minute video of this genuine and heartfelt exchange has received widespread praise on social media for recording a real, spontaneous(自发的)moment without any forced emotion. 1. How did the waitress feel at Cali's greeting in Chinese? A. Surprised. B. Confused. C. Annoyed. D. Uninterested. 2. What may have impressed the audience most in Cali's video? A. The Chinese food. B. The Chinese language. C. His genuine use of Chinese. D. His knowledge of Chinese noodles. 3. What can we learn from Cali's conversation with the waitress? A. He was eager to practice Chinese. B. He struggled with mild spicy food. C. He turned down her offer of help. D. He found it effortless to discuss the menu. 4. What does the article mainly talk about? A. Language barriers of dining out. B. The challenges of learning Chinese. C. A heartwarming cultural exchange. D. The importance of being communicative. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. A 4. C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了加拿大居民卡利・洛佩兹在当地一家兰州面馆用中文与服务员交流的经历，展现了一次温暖人心的文化交流，他用中文交流的真诚时刻在社交媒体上受到广泛赞扬。 1. 细节理解题。根据第二段“Greeting her in her native language, he nearly left her in shock.(用她的母语和她打招呼，他差点让她震惊)”可知，服务员对卡利用中文和她打招呼感到很惊讶，故选A。 2. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“The one-minute video of this genuine and heartfelt exchange has received widespread praise on social media for recording a real, spontaneous(自发的)moment without any forced emotion.(这段一分钟的真诚且发自内心的交流视频在社交媒体上受到广泛赞扬，因为它记录了一个真实、自发的时刻，没有任何强迫的情感)”可推知，最让观众印象深刻的是卡利真诚地使用中文，故选C。 3. 推理判断题。根据第三段“With a smile, Cali then politely asked the waitress if he could practice his Chinese and began ordering in her language, asking questions about the menu.(卡利面带微笑，礼貌地问服务员是否可以练习一下中文，然后开始用她的语言点餐，询问有关菜单的问题)”可推知，卡利渴望练习中文，故选A。 4. 主旨大意题。文章开篇提到“Learning new languages can be empowering, opening doors to connect with people from different cultures.(学习新语言能够赋予力量，为与不同文化背景的人交流打开大门)”，引出卡利在面馆与中国服务员用中文交流这一事件。接着详细描述了他们之间的对话过程，卡利真诚地用中文点餐、询问，服务员热情回应。最后一段指出“The one - minute video of this genuine and heartfelt exchange has received widespread praise on social media for recording a real, spontaneous moment without any forced emotion.(这段一分钟的真诚交流视频在社交媒体上广受赞誉，因为它记录了一个真实、自发的时刻，没有任何做作的情感)”可知，文章主要讲述了一场暖心的文化交流，故选C。 Passage 2 （24-25学年高一下·江苏省江阴市二中·期中） Back in the summer of 2017, I was busy studying in Beijing when I suddenly got homesick for some Western food. So, I wandered the streets nearby until I came across a restaurant and finally found it — whole chicken! In my head, I imagined a juicy, tender(嫩的)whole bird with perfectly crispy(酥脆的)browned skin with a side of mashed potatoes(土豆泥): just the way it is always prepared in America, right? For some reason, I never stopped to think that the Chinese definition of a “whole chicken” might be different from my assumptions. I waved a waiter over and hurriedly pointed to the line on the menu to show my food request. Finally, I would be able to satisfy my eagerness! Yet, when the bird finally landed on my plate, my wide grin(咧嘴笑)turned to one of shock. Rather than a golden crispy brown, the skin was instead bright yellow. But the most obvious was something that I would rather not have seen at all: the head! In all my years of eating chicken, I had never seen the head still attached to the rest of the body. Yet here it was, staring back at me. In America, although people understand where meat comes from, the way food is presented means they aren’t reminded of the living animal it once was. When staring face-to-face with the dead bird on my plate, that fact was made much more apparent. Still, I carried on, trying to ignore the head while I dug into the chicken breast(胸脯肉). But, even here, I found organs(器官)like the heart and lungs that had not been totally removed. Finally, I gave up and just focused on the rice instead. Afterward, I came to understand chicken is almost always served with the head in Chinese dishes. Although my tolerance for food has expanded since then, I will never forget the first time I ordered a whole chicken and got more than what I had expected. 1. Why did the author go to eat a whole chicken? A. He missed the food of his home country. B. He wanted to try Chinese-style chicken. C. He came across a unique restaurant. D. He liked its picture on the menu. 2. What shocked the author most? A. The chicken’s size. B. The chicken’s dark color. C. The chicken not being crispy. D. The chicken served with its head. 3. Why did the author give up eating the chicken finally? A. He disliked its taste. B. He preferred the rice. C. He found organs inside. D. He missed American food. 4. What does the author think of Chinese food in the end? A. Acceptable. B. Scary. C. Tasty. D. Comfortable. 5. What does the passage mainly talk about? A. Eating habits in China. B. Cooking style of Chinese chicken. C. My homesickness in China. D. My first taste of a chicken in China. 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. C 4. A 5. D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者初到中国，因想念家乡食物去吃全鸡，结果上菜后发现和自己预想的不同，最终放弃吃鸡。 1. 细节理解题。根据第一段“Back in the summer of 2017, I was busy studying in Beijing when I suddenly got homesick for some Western food.(早在2017年夏天，我在北京忙着学习，突然想念起了一些西方食物)”和第二段中“So, I wandered the streets nearby until I came across a restaurant and finally found it —whole chicken! In my head, I imagined a juicy, tender(嫩的)whole bird with perfectly crispy(酥脆的)browned skin with a side of mashed potatoes(土豆泥): just the way it is always prepared in America, right?(于是我在附近街道游荡，直到撞见一家餐馆——终于找到了！整只鸡！脑海中立刻浮现出多汁嫩滑的烤鸡，外皮金黄酥脆，配着绵密的土豆泥：就像在美国常见的那种做法，对吧？)”可知，作者去吃全鸡是因为想念家乡的食物，故选A项。 2. 细节理解题。根据第四段中“But the most obvious was something that I would rather not have seen at all: the head! In all my years of eating chicken, I had never seen the head still attached to the rest of the body.(但最明显的是有一样东西我宁愿根本没看到：鸡头！吃了这么多年鸡肉，我从未见过脑袋还连在身体上的整鸡)”可知，最让作者震惊的是带着头的整鸡一起被端上来了，故选D项。 3. 细节理解题。根据第六段中“But, even here, I found organs(器官)like the heart and lungs that had not been totally removed. Finally, I gave up and just focused on the rice instead.(但是，即便在鸡胸肉里，我也发现心脏和肺等器官没有被完全去除。最后，我放弃了，转而只吃米饭)”可知，作者最后放弃吃鸡是因为发现鸡里面还有器官没被完全去除，故选C项。 4. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Although my tolerance for food has expanded since then, I will never forget the first time I ordered a whole chicken and got more than what I had expected.(从那以后，我对食物的接受度提高了，虽然我永远不会忘记第一次点全鸡时，得到了超出我预期的东西)”可知，从那以后，作者对食物的接受度提高了，所以推知，作者最后觉得中国食物是可以接受的，故选A项。 5. 主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段“Back in the summer of 2017, I was busy studying in Beijing when I suddenly got homesick for some Western food.(早在2017年夏天，我在北京忙着学习，突然想念起了一些西方食物)”、第二段中“So, I wandered the streets nearby until I came across a restaurant and finally found it —whole chicken! In my head, I imagined a juicy, tender(嫩的)whole bird with perfectly crispy(酥脆的)browned skin with a side of mashed potatoes(土豆泥): just the way it is always prepared in America, right?(于是我在附近街道游荡，直到撞见一家餐馆——终于找到了！整只鸡！脑海中立刻浮现出多汁嫩滑的烤鸡，外皮金黄酥脆，配着绵密的土豆泥：就像在美国常见的那种做法，对吧？)”和最后一段“Afterward, I came to understand chicken is almost always served with the head in Chinese dishes. Although my tolerance for food has expanded since then, I will never forget the first time I ordered a whole chicken and got more than what I had expected.(后来，我了解到在中国菜里，鸡肉几乎总是带着头一起上的。从那以后，虽然我对食物的接受度提高了，但我永远不会忘记第一次点全鸡时，得到了超出我预期的东西)”可知，文章主要讲述了作者第一次在中国吃全鸡的经历。D选项“My first taste of a chicken in China(我第一次在中国吃鸡肉的经历)”能概括文章内容，故选D项。 Passage 3 （24-25学年高一下·江苏省苏州市星海实验中学·期中） There are decisions we take on instinct, without even realising we are taking them. Two years ago, I left Germany to do volunteering work. I had a couple of disappointing experiences and a boring job in front of me. It was time to go. I found an interesting contact in a small village in Portugal. In exchange for room and board, I would be working with animals in a residence that hosted families with disabled people. And there I went, with just a backpack I was ready to jump into a new adventure. There, I cared for the pets living next to the residents, cleaning their yard, preparing food and caring for them. Within a month I was in charge of all the other volunteers and the organization of the daily work. After 5 months, I left again and moved to Catalonia, in Spain, to live with an Irish family. They offered a roof and food on the passage of their house for abandoned animals I helped care for. During both experiences, I had the chance to discover beautiful little towns and lovely villages. In Portugal, I walked on the coastline and explored those little towns on the top of the dry hills. In Spain I visited Barcelona multiple times, discovering little by little all its corners. Sometimes, my volunteering experience was complicated. I didn’t speak any Portuguese and only a bit of Spanish. But life out there was simple. It was so different from what I used to call “home” before! Going back to previous habits took me time. If you’re wondering if an international volunteering year gap is worth it, despite the uncertain future and the social pressure, I say: go for it. Believe me, in various ways, you will be sure to return transformed, perhaps even improved to a superior version of your former self. With a bit of luck, you may also discover a new career path. 1. Why did the author choose to leave Germany to do volunteering work? A. To make a change. B. To gain living skills. C. To broaden his horizon. D. To add working experience. 2. What did the author mainly do during his trip? A. Running an organization. B. Attending to animals. C. Taking care of the disabled. D. Preparing food for volunteers. 3. Which of the following can best describe the author’s trip? A. Simple. B. Romantic. C. Adventurous. D. Rewarding. 4. Which of the following can be the best title? A. Instinct, a key step for new career B. Backpacking, a jump to a new adventure C. Gap year, an escape from the reality D. Volunteering, a journey of self-discovery 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D 4. D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者离开德国去葡萄牙和西班牙做志愿者的经历。作者在不同的地方照顾动物、探索当地的城镇和村庄，虽然遇到了语言障碍等问题，但这段经历让作者体验到了简单的生活，也使作者发生了改变，作者认为国际志愿者间隔年是值得的，它是一段自我发现的旅程。 1. 细节理解题。根据第二段“Two years ago, I left Germany to do volunteering work. I had a couple of disappointing experiences and a boring job in front of me. It was time to go.(两年前，我离开德国去做志愿者工作。我有几次令人失望的经历，还有一份无聊的工作摆在我面前。是时候离开了)”可知，作者选择离开德国去做志愿者工作是为了做出改变，故选A。 2. 细节理解题。根据第二段“In exchange for room and board, I would be working with animals in a residence that hosted families with disabled people.(作为食宿的交换，我将在一个为残疾人家属提供住宿的住所里照顾动物)”以及第三段 “They offered a roof and food on the passage of their house for abandoned animals I helped care for.(他们在自家房子的过道上为我帮忙照顾的弃养动物提供了住所和食物)”可知，作者在旅行期间主要做的是照顾动物，故选B。 3. 推理判断题。根据第四段“During both experiences, I had the chance to discover beautiful little towns and lovely villages.(在这两段经历中，我有机会发现了美丽的小镇和可爱的村庄)”以及最后一段 “Believe me, in various ways, you will be sure to return transformed, perhaps even improved to a superior version of your former self. With a bit of luck, you may also discover a new career path.(相信我，从各种方面来说，你回来时一定会有所改变，甚至可能会变成比以前更好的自己。运气好的话，你也许还能发现一条新的职业道路)”可知，作者的这次旅行是有回报的，故选D。 4. 主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了作者离开德国去葡萄牙和西班牙做志愿者的经历。作者在不同的地方照顾动物、探索当地的城镇和村庄，虽然遇到了语言障碍等问题，但这段经历让作者体验到了简单的生活，也使作者发生了改变，作者认为国际志愿者间隔年是值得的，它是一段自我发现的旅程。结合最后一段“If you’re wondering if an international volunteering year gap is worth it, despite the uncertain future and the social pressure, I say: go for it. Believe me, in various ways, you will be sure to return transformed, perhaps even improved to a superior version of your former self. With a bit of luck, you may also discover a new career path.(如果你想知道在未来不确定和社会压力的情况下，国际志愿者的空档年是否值得，我说：去做吧。相信我，在很多方面，你肯定会改变，甚至可能会变成比以前更好的自己。运气好的话，你可能还会发现一条新的职业道路)”可知，D项“志愿服务，一段自我发现的旅程”最适合作为文章标题，故选D。 主题01 人与社会——艺术创新与文化遗产保护 Passage 1 （24-25学年高一下·江苏盐城东台市·期中） On the morning of November 13, a graceful violin melody flowed along the Qingdao seashore, blending(融合)perfectly with the rhythm of the ocean waves. The man playing the violin is Petar Kutin, a Bulgarian teaching music at Yew Chung International School of Qingdao. For Kutin, who has been extensively trained in Western music, Chinese music holds a special charm. He skillfully combines Chinese and Western musical elements and works with Chinese musicians to create original pieces. In one of his latest works, Kutin blends his violin with the erhu, alongside the sounds of frogs and birds, creating a harmonious and moving composition. “I believe that music is an incredibly powerful language that brings people together.” Kutin said. At Yew Chung International School of Qingdao, this philosophy comes to life. To help his students with diverse backgrounds overcome cultural shock and quickly adapt to the Chinese environment, Kutin arranges music pieces tailored to their abilities. “When students perform together, it promotes teamwork and allows them to express both their cultural identity and individuality. Playing together builds confidence, happiness, and a sense of belonging. Music truly bonds the performers.” Kutin said. Kutin also uses music to deliver meaningful messages to his students. He wrote the lyrics of a song about frugality together with the students, explaining what frugality means — reusing items instead of throwing them unnecessarily, avoiding waste. They turned this message into a song and then into a music video, which they play almost every week. In addition to his work at school, Kutin composes music for social causes. He has created several pieces to help people with mental disabilities relax and find comfort. “Music is constantly developing, and musicians must keep learning to grow.” he said. With a passion for creating and sharing, Kutin aims to promote deeper connections between people and cultures, contributing to a more harmonious and lively future through music. 1. What do we know about Kutin? A. He blends east and west in music. B. He received music education in China. C. He thinks nature is vital in Chinese music. D. He prefers Chinese music to Western music. 2. What is Kutin’s belief about music? A. Music enhances personal abilities. B. Music removes cultural differences. C. Music bears the magic to unite people. D. Music expresses the philosophy of life. 3. What can we learn from the example in paragraph 4? A. Kutin’s music is popular. B. Kutin’s music is emotional. C. Kutin’s music is instructive. D. Kutin’s music is traditional. 4. Which is the most suitable title for the text? A. A Song Of Nature B. A Rhyme Of Kindness C. A Tune Of Happiness D. A Symphony Of Harmony 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. C 4. D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了音乐教师Petar Kutin的音乐理念与实践。 1. 细节理解题。由文章第二段中“He skillfully combines Chinese and Western musical elements and works with Chinese musicians to create original pieces.(他巧妙地结合了中西音乐元素，并与中国音乐家合作创作原创作品)”可知，Kutin在音乐中融合了东西方元素，故选A。 2. 细节理解题。由文章第三段中“I believe that music is an incredibly powerful language that brings people together.(我相信音乐是一种极具力量的语言，能够将人们团结在一起)”可知，Kutin认为音乐具有将人们团结在一起的魔力，故选C。 3. 推理判断题。由文章第四段“Kutin also uses music to deliver meaningful messages to his students. He wrote the lyrics of a song about frugality together with the students, explaining what frugality mean — reusing items instead of throwing them unnecessarily, avoiding waste. They turned this message into a song and then into a music video, which they play almost every week.(Kutin还通过音乐向学生传递有意义的信息。他和学生们一起创作了一首关于节俭的歌曲的歌词，向学生们解释节俭的含义 ——重复使用物品，而不是随意丢弃，避免浪费。他们把这个理念变成了一首歌，然后又制作成了一个音乐视频，几乎每周都会播放)”可知，这个例子表明Kutin的音乐具有教育意义，能够传递有意义的信息，故选C。 4. 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第二段“For Kutin, who has been extensively trained in Western music, Chinese music holds a special charm. He skillfully combines Chinese and Western musical elements and works with Chinese musicians to create original pieces. In one of his latest works, Kutin blends his violin with the erhu, alongside the sounds of frogs and birds, creating a harmonious and moving composition.(对于接受过广泛西方音乐训练的库廷来说，中国音乐有着独特的魅力。他巧妙地将中西方音乐元素融合在一起，并与中国音乐家合作创作原创作品。在他的最新作品之一中，库廷将小提琴声与二胡声相融合，再配上蛙鸣和鸟鸣，创作出了一首和谐动人的乐曲)”可知，文章主要讲述了音乐教师Petar Kutin如何通过音乐促进不同文化背景的人们之间的连接，创造和谐的社会氛围。他不仅在学校教授音乐，还通过音乐传递节俭等有意义的信息，并为社会公益事业创作音乐。因此，D项“A Symphony Of Harmony(和谐的交响乐)”最符合文章主旨，既体现了Kutin的音乐理念，也概括了他在音乐方面的实践，故选D。 Passage 2 （24-25学年高一下·江苏连云港市赣榆区·期中） Deep in the Gobi Desert in Northwest China’s Gansu Province, remains of the Han Dynasty Great Wall stand firm. Two thousand years of sandstorms have not been enough to destroy it, nor is the heavy wind strong enough to prevent people from recalling the glory(光荣)of the ancient Silk Road. To keep this part of history alive, every possible way has been tried. A dozen miles away from the remains of Yumen Pass, Chen Wanying’s voice breaks through the sound of the visitors’ footsteps. She reminds the visitors of the notice from a small house and watches over their behaviour, in case they accidentally or unknowingly damage some remains. Chen and her husband Zhang Jianjun have been living on this land for more than ten years. They are under the control of the weather. Surface temperatures can reach nearly 60℃ during the hottest period of the year. They rely on solar power and a wireless network, and there’s no running water. The water from the well nearby is bearable for cooking, but they need to go elsewhere to get drinking water. Yet, Zhang Jianjun says, one of the most difficult aspects of their job is to keep wild animals away from the wall in the dead of night. Oxen, particularly, like to use the wall to lighten itches(痒)brought by insects. The couple often have to drive these animals away several times a night, but they never feel discouraged. It’s nearly time for Zhang Jianjun to retire from the job he’s been enthusiastic about. He says he wants to leave the site to his successors(继任者)undamaged and pass on the lessons he has learned to do the work well. 1. What can be inferred about the Han Dynasty Great Wall? A. Natural forces have destroyed it. B. It is located in a mild climate area. C. Action has been taken to keep it safe. D. Human activities are the biggest danger. 2. What is the biggest challenge the couple faces in their work? A. Finding clean drinking water. B. Driving away wild animals at night. C. Facing extreme heat during the day. D. Surviving without stable electricity. 3. What can be used to describe the couple? A. Clever and friendly. B. Ambitious and helpful. C. Determined and devoted. D. Responsible and thankful. 4. What is the best title for the text? A. Living Conditions of the Gobi Desert. B. Kind Couple Protecting Wild Animals. C. Glorious Memory regarding Ancient Silk Road. D. Protectors of the Han Dynasty Great Wall Ruins. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. C 4. D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了陈万英和丈夫张建军夫妇守护汉代长城遗址的故事。 1. 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“To keep this part of history alive, every possible way has been tried.(为了让这段历史得以延续，人们尝试了各种可能的方法)”可知，人们已经采取行动来保护汉代长城的安全，故选C项。 2. 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Yet, Zhang Jianjun says, one of the most difficult aspects of their job is to keep wild animals away from the wall in the dead of night.(然而，张建军说，他们工作中最困难的一个方面是在深夜把野生动物挡在墙外)”可知，这对夫妇在工作中面临的最大挑战是在深夜赶走野生动物，故选B项。 3. 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“The couple often have to drive these animals away several times a night, but they never feel discouraged.(这对夫妇经常一晚上要把这些动物赶走好几次，但他们从不气馁)”以及最后一段“He says he wants to leave the site to his successors(继任者)undamaged and pass on the lessons he has learned to do the work well.(他说，他想把遗址完好无损地留给继任者，并把学到的经验传授给他们，把工作做好)”可推知，这对夫妇意志坚定，全身心地投入到保护汉代长城遗址的工作中，故选C项。 4. 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“To keep this part of history alive, every possible way has been tried.(为了让这段历史得以延续，人们尝试了各种可能的方法)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了陈万英和丈夫张建军夫妇守护汉代长城遗址的故事。由此可知，D项：“Protectors of the Han Dynasty Great Wall Ruins(汉代长城遗址的保护者)”作为文章标题最为合适，故选D项。 主题01 人与社会——善行义举 Passage 1 （24-25学年高一下·江苏省海安高级中学·期中） Teri Russo, who provided food, shelter and clothing for people with Down Syndrome(唐氏综合征), died at 82. She, an Advance Woman of Achievement who spent her life fighting for “the children of God”, believed that children with Down Syndrome(DS)were often treated badly and neglected based on what they look like. Ms. Russo devoted her life to disabled, abandoned children. Her motto was to live life to the fullest with love in your heart and a smile on your face and remember never to hurt anyone. Born in Rosebank, Ms. Russo was the eldest child of Dorothy and Louis Russo, who moved to Grasmere during the early 1950s. Educated at St. John Villa Academy, Ms. Russo then joined the U. S. Navy and went to California where she worked for children with Down Syndrome as a nurse. It was at that time that she first met children with Down Syndrome. In 1972, she started Down Syndrome Learning Center in Tottenville, but later, because of a lack of funding, she moved the school to her home. The program included kindergarten and graded elementary classes, as well as reading classes, a wood shop, day trips and a sleep away camp. Early on there weren’t too many programs for children with disabilities and they didn’t start school until they were 3 years old. Ms. Russo felt they were being cheated out of an education during the years that are the most developmental. Throughout the years, she applied to city and state officials for better programs for Down Syndrome children. Over the years she helped place a number of Down Syndrome children, including 11 from Willowbrook, in adoptive or foster families. She stressed parents shouldn’t be influenced by negative labels schools and medical professionals used in describing children’s abilities. “Professionals always tell you what they(DS children)cannot do,” she once said. “Keep them stimulated. You treat them more towards the normal, not the exception, and you will get more out of your child.” 1. What left children with Down Syndrome overlooked according to Ms. Russo? A. Their abilities. B. Their physical appearances. C. Their movements. D. Their disappointed parents. 2. What made Ms. Russo start Down Syndrome Learning Center? A. The internal calling to help. B. The availability of enough money. C. The repeated requests of parents. D. The growing number of DS children. 3. What does Ms. Russo want to convey in the last paragraph? A. Society needs to change the attitude towards DS children. B. Professionals often underestimate the DS children’s abilities. C. Parents should have faith in their children’s potential to encourage growth. D. Parents should accept their children’s limitations and provide special treatment. 4. What is the main idea of the text? A. Teri Russo devoted her life to fighting for DS children. B. A devoted nurse tried her best to explore Down Syndrome. C. Programs Teri Russo successfully started helped DS children. D. DS children face more challenges than normal people expect. 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 4. A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Teri Russo一生致力于为唐氏综合征儿童争取权益，创办学习中心并努力改善他们的生活和教育环境。 1. 细节理解题。根据第一段中“She, an Advance Woman of Achievement who spent her life fighting for “the children of God”, believed that children with Down Syndrome(DS)were often treated badly and neglected based on what they look like.(她是一位“杰出女性”，一生都在为“上帝的孩子们”而奋斗，她认为唐氏综合征儿童(DS儿童)常常因为外貌而受到恶劣对待和忽视)”可知，Russo女士认为唐氏综合征儿童因为外表而受到忽视，故选B。 2. 推理判断题。根据第一段“Teri Russo, who provided food, shelter and clothing for people with Down Syndrome(唐氏综合征), died at 82. She, an Advance Woman of Achievement who spent her life fighting for “the children of God”, believed that children with Down Syndrome(DS)were often treated badly and neglected based on what they look like. Ms. Russo devoted her life to disabled, abandoned children. Her motto was to live life to the fullest with love in your heart and a smile on your face and remember never to hurt anyone.(Teri Russo为唐氏综合征患者提供食物、住所和衣物，她于82岁时离世。她是一位“杰出女性”，一生都在为“上帝的孩子们”而奋斗，她认为唐氏综合征儿童(DS儿童)常常因为外貌而受到恶劣对待和忽视。鲁索女士将自己的一生都奉献给了残疾且被遗弃的孩子们。她的座右铭是：心中充满爱，脸上带着微笑，充实地过好每一天，并且永远不要伤害任何人)”、第三段中“In 1972, she started Down Syndrome Learning Center in Tottenville, but later, because of a lack of funding, she moved the school to her home.(1972年，她在Tottenville创办了唐氏综合征学习中心，但后来由于资金短缺，她将学校搬到了自己家中)”可知，她创办学习中心是出于帮助这些孩子的内在呼唤，故选A。 3. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“She stressed parents shouldn’t be influenced by negative labels schools and medical professionals used in describing children’s abilities.(她强调，父母不应该受到学校和医学专业人士在描述孩子能力时使用的负面标签的影响)”以及“Keep them stimulated. You treat them more towards the normal, not the exception, and you will get more out of your child.(让他们保持活跃。你把他们当作正常人对待，而不是例外，你会从你的孩子身上得到更多)”可知，Russo女士想传达的是父母应该相信孩子的潜力，鼓励他们成长，故选C。 4. 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段“Teri Russo, who provided food, shelter and clothing for people with Down Syndrome(唐氏综合征), died at 82. She, an Advance Woman of Achievement who spent her life fighting for “the children of God”, believed that children with Down Syndrome(DS)were often treated badly and neglected based on what they look like. Ms. Russo devoted her life to disabled, abandoned children. Her motto was to live life to the fullest with love in your heart and a smile on your face and remember never to hurt anyone.(Teri Russo为唐氏综合征患者提供食物、住所和衣物，她于82岁时离世。她是一位“杰出女性”，一生都在为“上帝的孩子们”而奋斗，她认为唐氏综合征儿童(DS儿童)常常因为外貌而受到恶劣对待和忽视。鲁索女士将自己的一生都奉献给了残疾且被遗弃的孩子们。她的座右铭是：心中充满爱，脸上带着微笑，充实地过好每一天，并且永远不要伤害任何人)”可知，文章主要讲述了Teri Russo为唐氏综合征儿童奉献了一生，故选A。 Passage 2 （24-25学年高一下·江苏省常州市北郊高级中学·期中） Steve Bagmanyan found his calling in a workshop filled with broken instruments. But every year, the shop brings both joy and heartbreak. Due to budget cuts, the number of technicians has dropped from 60 to just 11, leaving them to repair instruments for more than half a million students in Los Angeles public schools. “The work we do is important and needs to be preserved, but it’s becoming a dying craft,” said Bagmanyan, 60, who runs the shop and handles piano repairs. “Children are our future, yet music programs are being cut across the country.” However, there is hope for the shop. The Last Repair Shop, a short documentary featuring Bagmanyan and three other technicians, recently won an Oscar for best documentary short film. The film combines their personal stories with reflections from students who have found comfort and joy in music. Few people even knew the shop existed before the documentary’s release. This workshop, in operation since 1959, is believed to be the last of its kind in the country. Bagmanyan and his team provide free instruments and repairs across the school district, often serving children from low-income families. For many of these children, public schools are their only source of musical instruments, which wealthier families can more easily afford. Since the release of the film, public support has soared. Donations have been made to fund more repairs and strengthen school music programs in Los Angeles. “People are inspired by what we do and want to support a dying art form,” said Ben Proudfoot, who co-directed the documentary. Bagmanyan knows that a poorly maintained instrument can discourage a child from learning. “If an instrument doesn’t work properly, a child might give up on music,” he said. “But when you know the instrument is going to a student who loves it, it’s impossible not to smile.” After 21 years of service, Bagmanyan says his cup is full, knowing that children may carry a love of music with them for a lifetime. “I was planning to retire,” he admitted. “But now I’ll rebuild the shop to what it once was and keep going a little longer.” 1. What is the challenge faced by Bagmanyan? A. Old instruments. B. Declining number of students. C. Low profitability. D. Shortage of skilled technicians. 2. What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A. The career achievements of Bagmanyan. B. The popularity of the documentary. C. The unique history of the school district. D. The importance of the repair shop. 3. How does the documentary impact the shop? A. It enhances the shop’s public image. B. It attracts new business opportunities. C. It helps sustain the shop’s operation. D. It provides education to the community. 4. What do the underlined words “his cup is full” in the last paragraph mean? A. He is ready to retire. B. He feels deeply satisfied. C. He is tired of the spotlight. D. He has become very wealthy. 【答案】1. D 2. D 3. C 4. B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Steve Bagmanyan和他的乐器维修店的故事。 1. 推理判断题。由文章第一段中“Due to budget cuts, the number of technicians has dropped from 60 to just 11, leaving them to repair instruments for more than half a million students in Los Angeles public schools.(由于预算削减，技术人员的人数从60人减少到了仅11人，而他们却要负责维修洛杉矶公立学校超过50万名学生的乐器)”可知，由于预算削减，技术人员的人数从60人减少到只有11人，所以Bagmanyan面临的挑战是技术人员短缺，故选D。 2. 主旨大意题。由文章第四段“Few people even knew the shop existed before the documentary’s release. This workshop, in operation since 1959, is believed to be the last of its kind in the country. Bagmanyan and his team provide free instruments and repairs across the school district, often serving children from low-income families. For many of these children, public schools are their only source of musical instruments, which wealthier families can more easily afford.(在这部纪录片上映之前，几乎没人知道这家工坊的存在。这家自1959年就开始运营的工坊，被认为是全国同类工坊中仅存的一家。巴格马尼扬和他的团队为整个学区的学校提供免费乐器和维修服务，服务对象往往是来自低收入家庭的孩子。对于这些孩子中的许多人来说，公立学校是他们获得乐器的唯一途径，而富裕家庭则更容易负担得起乐器)”可知，本段主要讲述了维修工作室的重要性，故选D。 3. 细节理解题。由文章第五段中“Since the release of the film, public support has soared. Donations have been made to fund more repairs and strengthen school music programs in Los Angeles.(自这部影片上映以来，公众支持度急剧上升。人们纷纷捐款，用于资助更多的维修工作和加强洛杉矶学校的音乐课程)”可知，这部纪录片帮助维持了工作室的运营，故选C。 4. 词义猜测题。由文章最后一段中“After 21 years of service, Bagmanyan says his cup is full, knowing that children may carry a love of music with them for a lifetime.(在服务了21年之后，Bagmanyan表示his cup is full，因为他知道孩子们可能会将这份对音乐的热爱延续一生)”可知，他知道孩子们可能会将这份对音乐的热爱延续一生，由此可知，Bagmanyan对此感到深深的满足，所以his cup is full意思是“已经心满意足”，与He feels deeply satisfied“他感到非常满意”意思相符，故选B。 主题02 人与自我——励志故事 （24-25学年高一下·江苏省马坝高级中学·期中） Many people, some even at a very young age, set the goal of graduating from college. One American woman in Texas waited a long time for her chance to reach that goal. Janet Fein, born in 1934, received her bachelor’s degree(学士学位)from the University of Texas in 2018. Fein has had a full life. She raised five children and then had a career as a secretary(秘书)until she retired at age 77. But even then, she was not ready to take it easy and rest during a well-earned retirement. She decided to major in sociology. Fein grew up in the Bronx area of New York City. In high school, she just wanted to finish and get a job. After graduating early, at the age of 16, she went to work as a secretary. After getting married, she spent 18 years staying home with her children. She held several jobs throughout her life, including being a secretary at a Dallas hospital. That is the job she retired from in 2011. She received an associate degree in 1995. But she also wanted to earn a bachelor’s degree. Fein took part in a state program that lets people who are 65 and older take free classes at public universities in Texas. She kept going to class even as her health condition worsened. During her studies, it became necessary for her to use a walker to get around and she required oxygen. She also developed knee problems. So, Fein took online classes to finish the last part of her degree requirements. Renee Brown is one of Fein’s caregivers. She says Fein has also inspired her. At 53, she plans to begin nursing school to further her career. Brown says Fein told her, “Renee, you can do it. If I can do it you also can do it, and you will feel so good about it.” 1. When did Janet Fein start to work? A. In 1952. B. In 1950. C. In 1995. D. In 2012. 2. What does she study for her bachelor’s degree? A. Sociology. B. Secretary. C. History. D. Health. 3. What does the underlined word “inspired” probably mean in the last paragraph? A. Shock. B. Disappoint. C. Employ. D. Encourage. 4. What can we learn from Janet Fein’s story? A. A friend in need is a friend indeed. B. It is never too late to learn. C. Practice makes perfect. D. When in Rome, do as the Romans do. 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D 4. B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，讲述了美国一位八十多岁的老太太通过不懈努力最终获得了学士学位的故事。 1. 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Janet Fein, born in 1934(Janet Fein出生于1934年)”以及第三段中“After graduating early, at the age of 16, she went to work as a secretary.(16岁提前毕业后，她去做了一名秘书)” 可知，Janet Fein出生于1934年，16岁时即1950年开始工作，故选B。 2. 细节理解题。根据第二段中“She decided to major in sociology.(她决定主修社会学)”可知，她的专业是社会学，故选A。 3. 词义猜测题。根据划线词下文“At 53, she plans to begin nursing school to further her career. Brown says Fein told her, ‘Renee, you can do it. If I can do it you also can do it, and you will feel so good about it.’(53岁时，她计划进入护理学校深造。Brown说，Fein告诉她：‘Renee，你可以做到。如果我能做到，你也能做到，你会感觉很好。’)”可知，受到Fein的鼓励，Renee Brown53岁时计划进入护理学校深造，inspire意为“鼓舞，鼓励”，故选D。 4. 推理判断题。通读全文，结合第一段“Many people, some even at a very young age, set the goal of graduating from college. One American woman in Texas waited a long time for her chance to reach that goal.(许多人，有些人甚至在很小的时候，就设定了大学毕业的目标。德克萨斯州的一名美国妇女为实现这一目标等待了很长时间)”和第二段中“She raised five children and then had a career as a secretary(秘书)until she retired at age 77. But even then, she was not ready to take it easy and rest during a well-earned retirement. She decided to major in sociology.(她养育了5个孩子，之后一直从事秘书工作，直到77岁退休。但即便如此，她还没有准备好在自己应得的退休生活中放松和休息。她决定主修社会学)”可知，短文讲述了美国一位八十多岁的老太太通过不懈努力最终获得了学士学位的故事，所以我们应该树立终身学习的意识。所以能从短文中学到要活到老学到老，故选B。 议论文 主题01 人与社会——教育，社交媒体&社会评价 Passage 1 （24-25学年高一下·江苏省扬州中学·期中） This might sound impossibly old-fashioned, but I still like the idea that education is about learning: facts, skills, culture, analysis, inspiration. It’s supposed to make us better citizens. But over the last decade, the goal of learning has given way to grades and degrees. The unfortunate result has been inflation(膨胀)of both. They rise ever higher; learning doesn’t. To avoid discouraging students, some school districts did away with D and F grades. Grade-point averages have consistently risen even though scores on nationwide standardized exams such as the SAT have not. It’s not that I think standardized tests are the final word in measuring excellence. But when the gaps between grades and test scores are this wide and consistent, parents and the public should not be fooled. That’s true not just of low-achieving students. In a 2023 survey, educators said that close to half of students argue for higher grades than they earn, and 8 out of 10 teachers give in. It’s hard to blame them: A third or more of students and parents disturb them when they don’t. Unearned grades are damaging in many ways. Some students, armed with good grades, march off to college to find themselves in remedial(补习的)classes because they haven’t learned enough to take college-level courses. Employers complain that high school and even college graduates lack basic skills needed in the workforce. There are also complaints from college professors that the students aren’t even good at reading books. Grade inflation has followed students into college. Some professors hesitate to grade accurately because of student evaluations, which are often more negative for tough graders. Remember that about 70% of college instructors are adjunct(兼职)professors who have few job protections. Many Ivy League students have learned to cherry-pick easy-grading professors. Yet a Brown University study found that students taking courses from professors with stricter grading standards learned more. We have to ask ourselves as a society: Do we want college to be a place of intellectual growth — or a performative exercise in grade fishing? 1. What are parents fooled into thinking? A. SAT is the best measure of their children's abilities. B. The purpose of education is to make better citizens. C. Grade-point averages are vital for college application. D. Children’s high grades reflect their exceptional abilities. 2. What is a consequence of grade inflation? A. Employers favor students with higher degrees. B. Graduates fall short of employers’ expectations. C. Remedial classes become required courses in college. D. Low-achieving students find it harder to enter college. 3. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. Tough graders desire job security. B. Strict grading promotes real learning. C. Student evaluations fuel intellectual growth. D. Easy-grading professors start grade inflation. 4. What is the best title of the text? A. The game of scores B. Today, Grade A is for average C. The force behind grade inflation D. Now, learning takes the front seat 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. B 4. B 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了成绩膨胀的现象，指出现在教育中成绩和学位的目标取代了学习本身，成绩膨胀导致学生实际学习不足，不能满足雇主的需求，作者认为应该重视真正的学习，而不是单纯追求高分。 1. 细节理解题。根据第三段“Grade-point averages have consistently risen even though scores on nationwide standardized exams such as the SAT have not. It’s not that I think standardized tests are the final word in measuring excellence. But when the gaps between grades and test scores are this wide and consistent, parents and the public should not be fooled.(平均绩点一直在上升，尽管像学术能力评估测试<SAT>这样的全国标准化考试成绩并没有提高。并不是说我认为标准化考试是衡量优秀的最终标准。但是当成绩和考试分数之间的差距如此之大且持续存在时，家长和公众不应该被愚弄)”可知，学生的平均绩点持续上升，但全国标准化考试成绩却没有相应提高，当成绩和考试分数差距很大且持续存在时，父母和公众不应该被愚弄，即父母被误导认为孩子的高分反映了他们卓越的能力，故选D项。 2. 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Employers complain that high school and even college graduates lack basic skills needed in the workforce.(雇主抱怨高中生甚至大学毕业生缺乏劳动力所需的基本技能)”可知，雇主抱怨高中甚至大学毕业生缺乏劳动力所需的基本技能，即成绩膨胀的后果是毕业生达不到雇主的期望，故选B项。 3. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Yet a Brown University study found that students taking courses from professors with stricter grading standards learned more.(然而，布朗大学的一项研究发现，接受评分标准更严格的教授课程的学生学到的东西更多)”可知，布朗大学的一项研究发现，接受评分标准更严格的教授课程的学生学到的东西更多。由此推知，严格的评分能促进真正的学习，故选B项。 4. 主旨大意题。根据第一段“This might sound impossibly old-fashioned, but I still like the idea that education is about learning: facts, skills, culture, analysis, inspiration. It’s supposed to make us better citizens. But over the last decade, the goal of learning has given way to grades and degrees. The unfortunate result has been inflation(膨胀)of both. They rise ever higher; learning doesn’t.(这听起来可能有些不切实际地守旧，但我仍然喜欢教育是关于学习的理念：学习事实、技能、文化、分析以及获取灵感。教育本应让我们成为更优秀的公民。但在过去的十年里，学习的目标逐渐让位于分数和学位。其不幸的结果是两者都出现了膨胀。它们不断攀升；而学习却并未跟上)”及下文内容可知，文章主要讨论了成绩膨胀的现象，指出现在学生的成绩虚高，实际能力不足，很多学生和家长被高成绩所误导，给分宽松的现象普遍存在，而严格的评分能促进真正的学习。由此可知，文章最好的标题是B项“Today, Grade A is for average(如今，A 等级只是平均分)”，故选B项。 Passage 2 （24-25学年高一下·江苏省宿迁青华中学·期中） In 1999, a Japanese artist Shigetaka Kurita created his first set of emojis to be used on an emoji keyboard to deliver information in a simple way or provide context to text messages. This was a huge hit because these images helped bridge the gap between written and spoken communication. Little could he have known that the symbols he designed would become so popular that they’ve gone far beyond phones into apps, toys and more. So, could emojis become a global language? To some degree, they already are, but could they truly become a language for all human beings? Could they replace writing itself and we all just go with emojis? As emojis are images, their meanings can get across more easily to people from different cultures. They’ve been used in every country. They are becoming more nuanced(微妙的)and taking on varied meanings. They can be connected to create sentences as well, much like words. However, emojis are unlikely to become a global language. Emojis don’t have the depth and width of a written language. There is no grammar either, which allows for complex sentences in languages. It is also much harder to express abstract(抽象的)ideas through images alone, such as philosophy and cultural differences. Could emojis replace writing? That, too, is unlikely, Human thought is complex, often abstract and highly nuanced. Many fields such as law, science and technology require professional expressions that emojis can’t provide. Nor can emojis replace poetry and literature, important factors of human cultures and societies. While emojis may not become a global language or take the place of writing, it doesn’t make them any less important to humans. They can cross cultures and provide a way to show the beauty of common human values and feelings, as they already have. We all understand a smiley face and a heart or a broken heart. 1. Why were emojis first created? A. To make emoji keyboard a hit. B. To design popular images. C. To aid communication in texts. D. To apply them to apps and toys. 2. What is an advantage of emojis? A. They can express abstract ideas. B. They can take the place of writing. C. They can form complex sentences. D. They can be understood across cultures. 3. Why does the writer refer to law and science? A. To explain the weakness of emojis. B. To contrast with poetry and literature. C. To show professional usage of emojis. D. To stress human cultures and societies. 4. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. The Rise of Emojis B. The Limits of Emojis C. Emojis: Popular Symbols? D. Emojis: A Global Language? 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A 4. D 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了表情符号（emoji）的普及、局限性和重要性。 1. 细节理解题。由文章第一段中“In 1999, a Japanese artist Shigetaka Kurita created his first set of emojis to be used on an emoji keyboard to deliver information in a simple way or provide context to text messages.(1999年，日本艺术家Shigetaka Kurita创作了他的第一套表情符号，这些表情符号被用于表情符号键盘上，以简单的方式传递信息或为文本消息提供上下文)”可知，表情符号最初是为了辅助文本中的交流而创造的，故选C。 2. 细节理解题。由文章第三段中“As emojis are images, their meanings can get across more easily to people from different cultures.(由于表情符号是图像，因此它们的意思更容易被来自不同文化的人理解)”可知，表情符号的一个优点是它们可以跨越文化被理解，故选D。 3. 推理判断题。由文章第四段中“Could emojis replace writing? That, too, is unlikely, Human thought is complex, often abstract and highly nuanced. Many fields such as law, science and technology require professional expressions that emojis can’t provide. Nor can emojis replace poetry and literature, important factors of human cultures and societies.(表情符号能取代文字吗？这也不太可能。人类的思想是复杂的，往往是抽象的，而且高度微妙。法律、科学和技术等许多领域都需要专业的表达方式，而表情符号无法提供。表情符号也无法取代诗歌和文学，这些都是人类文化和社会的重要因素)”可知，作者提到法律和科学是为了解释表情符号的局限性，即它们无法提供某些专业领域的表达，故选A。 4. 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第二段“So, could emojis become a global language? To some degree, they already are, but could they truly become a language for all human beings? Could they replace writing itself and we all just go with emojis?(那么，表情符号能否成为一种全球语言呢？在某种程度上，它们已经算是了，但它们真的能成为一种全人类通用的语言吗？它们能否取代文字，让我们只靠表情符号交流呢？)”可知，文章主要探讨了表情符号是否能成为一种全球语言或替代写作的问题，通过分析表情符号的优点和局限性，得出结论：虽然表情符号可能不会成为全球语言或替代写作，但它们对人类仍然很重要。因此，最适合作为文章标题的是“Emojis: A Global Language?(表情符号：一种全球语言吗？)”，故选D。 Passage 3 （24-25学年高一下·江苏省苏州市苏苑高级中学·期中） Lao Zi once said, “Care about what other people think and you will always be their prisoner.” People tend to gain self-worth through others’ approval(认可), which is a fruitless way to go through life. Why do we allow what others think of us to have so much power over how we feel about ourselves? If it’s true that you can’t satisfy all the people all the time, wouldn’t it make sense to stop trying? Unfortunately, sense often isn’t driving our behavior. For social beings who desire love and belonging, wanting to be liked and caring about the effect we have on others are healthy and allow us to make connections. However, where we get into trouble is when our self-worth is dependent upon whether we win someone’s approval or not. This need to be liked comes from when we were children and were completely dependent on others to take care of us. Small children are not just learning how to walk and communicate, they are also trying to learn how the world works. We learn about who we are based on communications with others. Thus, to a four-year-old, if Mommy or Daddy doesn’t like him or her, there is the danger that they will abandon them. We need to understand that when we anxiously want someone to approve of us, it’s being driven by that little kid part of us that is still terrified of abandonment. As you become more capable of providing yourself with the approval you find, your need for validation(确认)by others will start to disappear, leaving you stronger, more confident, and yes, happier in your life. Imagine how much time we lose each moment we restrain our real selves in an effort to be liked. So embrace the cliché(老话)and love your true self as it’s highly doubtful that you’ll regret it. 1. Why is Lao Zi’s quotation used in paragraph 1? A. To lead into the topic of this passage. B. To stress the importance of caring about others. C. To show us how to avoid being a prisoner. D. To introduce a famous historical figure. 2. What does the author say about why people expect others’ approval? A. They want to feel better than others. B. They are trying not to be abandoned. C. They believe it will bring them sense of pride. D. They consider that approval equals success. 3. What does the word “restrain” most likely mean in the passage? A. Express. B. Hide. C. Confirm. D. Reflect. 4. Which one is the most suitable title of this passage? A. The Power of Self-Worth. B. Childhood Shapes Behavior. C. The Importance of Approval-Seeking. D. Staying True to Yourself. 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. B 4. D 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了人们往往通过他人的认可来获得自我价值，但这种方式是无果的，人们不应让他人的看法过多地影响自己对自身的感觉，要学会爱真实的自己，保持自我。 1. 推理判断题。根据第一段“Lao Zi once said, “Care about what other people think and you will always be their prisoner.”(老子曾说：“在意别人的想法，你将永远是他们的囚徒”)” 以及后文围绕人们对他人认可的追求展开论述，可推知引用老子的话是为了引出文章的主题，故选A。 2. 细节理解题。根据第四段“We need to understand that when we anxiously want someone to approve of us, it’s being driven by that little kid part of us that is still terrified of abandonment.(我们需要明白，当我们急切地希望得到别人的认可时，是我们内心那个仍然害怕被抛弃的小孩在驱使着我们)” 可知，人们期望得到他人认可的原因是他们试图不被抛弃，故选B。 3. 词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段 “Imagine how much time we lose each moment we restrain our real selves in an effort to be liked.(想象一下，为了被人喜欢，我们每次restrain真实的自我时，会浪费多少时间)”可知，为了取悦别人，我们隐藏了真实的自我。“restrain” 在此处意为 “抑制、隐藏”，与选项 B(隐藏)意思相近，故选 B。 4. 主旨大意题。文章开篇通过老子的话引出人们对他人认可的追求这一话题，接着分析了原因，最后呼吁人们要拥抱真实的自己，不要为了他人的认可而压抑自己。所以 “保持自我” 是文章的核心内容，选项 D“保持真实的自我”为短文的最佳标题，故选D。 主题01 人与自我——励志故事，人生感悟 Passage 1 （24-25学年高一下·江苏南通·期中） Aaron Warren of Murfreesboro, Tennessee, is a shining example of resilience(坚韧)and positivity. Born with Spinal Muscular Atrophy(SMA), Aaron was never expected to live past his third birthday — but he just turned 27, ignoring the odds with his optimism(乐观). Marking his “golden birthday”, Aaron shared a joyful photoshoot with a bold balloon display reading “Disabled AF”. “I’ve officially lived to see 24 more birthdays than I was expected to see!” Aaron shared, adding. “If I had to sum up today in one word, it would be thankful.” He expressed gratitude(感恩)for his family, friends, business team, and even his trusty wheelchair — joking that it “kind of carries this whole operation.” He continued “Now, I’m off to celebrate with one of my favorite foods, lobster bisque soup. And if you happen to find a margarita(a strong drink)on my wheelchair tray... no you didn’t.” Beyond his enthusiasm(热情), Aaron is also a businessman making a difference. He founded Zipped Brands, a company that changes stylish name-brand shoes by adding zippers, making them easier to wear for people of all abilities. “Because of my disability and bent toes, wearing shoes — especially ones I loved — was nearly impossible,” Aaron shared. “I accepted that stylish shoes weren’t meant for me.” Then came a breakthrough: What if I could add zippers to my favorite shoe brands? That simple yet powerful idea sparked a business, ensuring that everyone, normal or disabled, has access to(可使用)fashionable footwear. Aaron’s story is a powerful reminder that resilience, humor, and gratitude can turn any challenge into an opportunity. He refuses to be defined by limitations, instead using his journey to uplift others — whether through his optimism or his business making life easier for people of all abilities. 1. What did Aaron Warren celebrate according to paragraph 3? A. His third birthday. B. The founding of Zipped Brands. C. His 27th birthday. D. The first time he had great foods. 2. What was the purpose of Aaron Warren founding Zipped Brands? A. To create jobs for disabled individuals. B. To earn more money to treat his disability. C. To raise public awareness of preventing SMA. D. To make stylish shoes accessible to more people. 3. Which of the following can best describe Aaron Warren? A. Energetic and responsible. B. Humorous and optimistic. C. Fashionable and easy-going. D. Sensitive and enthusiastic. 4. What can we learn from Aaron Warren’s story? A. Gratitude enriches life’s experiences. B. Disability limits personal achievements. C. Resilience overcomes life’s challenges. D. Creativity comes from personal fortune. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B 4. C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了身患脊髓性肌萎缩症的亚伦·沃伦如何凭借乐观和坚韧打破生存预期，并通过创立Zipped Brands帮助残障人士获得时尚鞋履，展现其幽默、感恩和将挑战转化为机遇的能力。 1. 细节理解题。根据第一段“Born with Spinal Muscular Atrophy(SMA), Aaron was never expected to live past his third birthday — but he just turned 27, ignoring the odds with his optimism(乐观).(亚伦・沃伦出生时患有脊髓性肌萎缩症，人们原本预计他活不过三岁生日，但他刚刚迎来了 27 岁生日，以乐观的态度打破了命运的安排)”以及第二段“Marking his “golden birthday”,  Aaron shared a joyful photoshoot with a bold balloon display reading “Disabled AF”. “I’ve officially lived to see 24 more birthdays than I was expected to see!” Aaron shared, adding.(为了纪念他的“黄金生日”，亚伦分享了一组欢乐的照片，背景中有醒目的气球装饰，上面写着“Disabled AF”。他还补充说：“我已经正式多活了24个生日，这是我原本不敢奢望的！”)”可知，亚伦原本预计活不过三岁，现在27岁了，比他预期多活了24年，由此可知，他在庆祝自己的27岁生日，故选C项。 2. 细节理解题。根据第四段“He founded Zipped Brands, a company that changes stylish name-brand shoes by adding zippers, making them easier to wear for people of all abilities.(他创立了Zipped Brands公司，该公司通过在时尚的名牌鞋上添加拉链，使其更易于各种能力的人穿着)”可知，亚伦创立公司的目的是让更多人，无论是否残疾，都能穿上时尚的鞋子，故选D项。 3. 推理判断题。根据第一段“a shining example of resilience(坚韧)and positivity.(坚韧和积极乐观的光辉典范)”和“ignoring the odds with his optimism(乐观).(以乐观的态度打破了命运的安排)”以及“joking that it “kind of carries this whole operation. ”(开玩笑说轮椅“在很大程度上支撑着他的生活”)”，结合最后一段“Aaron’s story is a powerful reminder that resilience, humor, and gratitude can turn any challenge into an opportunity.(亚伦的故事有力地提醒我们，坚韧、幽默和感恩可以将任何挑战转化为机遇)”可知，他乐观面对疾病，活过了原本预计的寿命，并以开玩笑的方式表达对轮椅的感谢，最后通过努力化挑战为机遇。根据这些描述可推断，他幽默且乐观，故选B项。 4. 主旨大意题。通读全文，以及最后一段“Aaron’s story is a powerful reminder that resilience, humor, and gratitude can turn any challenge into an opportunity. He refuses to be defined by limitations, instead using his journey to uplift others — whether through his optimism or his business making life easier for people of all abilities.(亚伦的故事有力地提醒我们，坚韧、幽默和感恩可以将任何挑战转化为机遇。他拒绝被限制所定义，而是用自己的经历来鼓舞他人——无论是通过他的乐观态度，还是通过他的企业使各种能力的人的生活更轻松)”可知，亚伦凭借坚韧克服了疾病带来的挑战，还取得了商业成就，所以从他的故事我们能学到坚韧能克服生活中的挑战，故选C项。 Passage 2 （24-25学年高一下·江苏南通如皋市·期中） Thomas Hardy was born at Higher Bockhampton, Dorset, on June 2, 1840, where his father worked as a builder. From his father he found an appreciation of music, and from his mother an love of learning and the beauty of the countryside about his home. Due to his poor health, Hardy did not start school until he was eight. At 16, Hardy helped his father with architectural(建筑学的)drawings and then started to work for architects. Later he moved to London and began writing poems, but his works were not accepted by publishers. In 1870, he was sent to work in Cornwall. There he met his future wife Emma Gifford, who encouraged him in his writing. Hardy published his first novel Desperate Remedies in 1871. to public disinterest. But the following year Under the Greenwood Tree brought Hardy popular praise for the first time. As with most of his fictional works, this novel incorporated real places around Dorset, such as the village school that Hardy attended and the library he used to go. After Under the Greenwood Tree came A Pair of Blue Eyes. Once more Hardy drew on real life, and the novel mirrors his romance with Emma. Hardy followed this with Far from the Madding Crowd, set in Puddletown, near his birthplace. This novel finally brought Hardy the success that enabled him to give up his architectural practice and concentrate only on writing. The Hardys lived in London for a short time, then in Yeovil, then in Sturminster Newton, which Hardy described as “idyllic(田园诗般的)”. It was at Sturminster Newton that he penned The Return of the Native, one of his most enduring(持久的)works. In 1887, Hardy published The Woodlanders, a story about an honest woodsman in a small village. Then in 1891 one of his best works, Tess of the d’Urbervilles, came out, which was set mainly in the English countryside during the 19th century. Tess excited interest, but his next work, Jude the Obscure(1895), threw Hardy into a storm of controversy(争议), which made him turn away from fiction and focus on poetry for the rest of his life. 1. What do we know about Hardy? A. His writing started with poems. B. His wife Emma shared his interest. C. He was into drawing as a young man. D. He got fame at the first attempt of writing 2. What is closest in meaning to the underlined word “incorporated” in paragraph 3? A. Removed. B. Included. C. Changed. D. Ignored. 3. After which novel was Hardy fully devoted to writing? A. Jude the Obscure. B. A Pair of Blue Eyes. C. Tess of the d’Urbervilles. D. Far from the Madding Crowd. 4. What is the common element in most of Hardy’s novels? A. Campus life. B. Marriage life. C. Life in London. D. Life in the countryside. 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D 4. D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了英国作家托马斯·哈代的生平经历以及他的文学作品。 1. 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Later he moved to London and began writing poems, but his works were not accepted by publishers.(后来他搬到伦敦，开始写诗，但他的作品没有被出版商接受)”可知，哈代一开始是写诗的，只是他的诗作没有被出版商接受，由此可知哈代的写作是从写诗开始的，故选A。 2. 词义猜测题。根据第三段中“As with most of his fictional works, this novel incorporated real places around Dorset, such as the village school that Hardy attended and the library he used to go.(和大多数他的小说作品一样，这部小说incorporated多塞特郡周围的真实地点，比如哈代上过的乡村学校和他常去的图书馆)”可知，哈代的这部小说里包含了一些多塞特郡周围的真实地点，比如他曾就读的乡村学校和他常去的图书馆，由此可推测“incorporated”意思是“包含”，与“Included”意思相近，故选B。 3. 细节理解题。根据第四段“Hardy followed this with Far from the Madding Crowd, set in Puddletown, near his birthplace. This novel finally brought Hardy the success that enabled him to give up his architectural practice and concentrate only on writing.(哈代随后创作了《远离尘嚣》，故事背景设定在他的出生地附近的普德莱顿。这部小说终于给哈代带来了成功，使他能够放弃建筑实践，只专注于写作)”可知，在《远离尘嚣》这部小说之后，哈代完全投身于写作，故选D。 4. 推理判断题。根据第三段中“As with most of his fictional works, this novel incorporated real places around Dorset, such as the village school that Hardy attended and the library he used to go.(和大多数他的小说作品一样，这部小说包含多塞特郡周围的真实地点，比如哈代上过的乡村学校和他常去的图书馆)”、第五段中“It was at Sturminster Newton that he penned The Return of the Native, one of his most enduring(持久的)works.(正是在斯特敏斯特牛顿，他写下了《还乡》，这是他最持久的作品之一)”、第六段中“In 1887, Hardy published The Woodlanders, a story about an honest woodsman in a small village. Then in 1891 one of his best works, Tess of the d’Urbervilles, came out, which was set mainly in the English countryside during the 19th century.(1887年，哈代出版了《林地居民》，讲述了一个小村庄里一个诚实的伐木工人的故事。1891年，他最好的作品之一《德伯家的苔丝》出版，故事主要发生在19世纪的英国乡村)”可知，哈代的很多小说都是以乡村生活为背景的，由此可推测他大多数小说的共同元素是乡村生活，故选D。 Passage 3 （24-25学年高一下·江苏南通海安市·期中） Jordan Chiles, a two-time Olympian and three-time World Championship medalist, has made history as part of the first all-Black group of gymnasts to medal at the 2022 U.S. Gymnastics Championships. Two years later, she repeated the accomplishment at the Paris Olympics, where she helped Team USA win gold and Chiles claimed bronze for her floor routine. However, not all of Chiles’s history-making moments have been celebratory. Shortly after earning her individual Olympic medal, the Court of Arbitration for Sport(CAS)removed her from the bronze, arguing that an inquiry from her coach Cecile Landi challenging her routine’s difficulty rating that increased her score hadn’t been made within the one-minute deadline. This controversial decision made Chiles heartbroken, and she shares the emotional journey in her memoir(回忆录), I’m That Girl: Living the Power of My Dreams. In her new memoir, she opens up about struggles few knew. As a gymnast with a more muscular body, she encountered self-image issues, worsened by harmful comments and unequal judging. She also reveals the emotional abuse she suffered from a former coach, referred to as “Coach X,” who criticized her body and caused her to develop an eating disorder. Despite these challenges, Chiles found support in her family and friends, including fellow gymnast Simone Biles. Biles encouraged her to train at the World Champions Centre after Chiles left Coach X. Their bond strengthened further through shared experiences, especially after the abuse case involving Larry Nassar, though Chiles and Biles never openly discussed it. Chiles’s journey also involved struggling with dark moments, including suicidal thoughts after a setback in her career. But through it all, she has found strength and healing. “Everything that happened shaped who I am today — a fighter still standing.” Now, she hopes her story helps others feel empowered to speak out about their struggles. Having moved on from the Olympic ruling, Chiles is focused on her future, balancing her college life at UCLA while keeping the door open for a potential return to the Olympics in 2028. “I’m just like you,” she writes. “Trying to strive for greatness.” 1. Why was Chiles’ bronze medal taken away after the Paris Olympics? A. Her coach’s inquiry about her score was submitted too late. B. She failed to meet the difficulty requirements of her routine. C. She disobeyed competition rules regarding her performance. D. She lifted difficulty levels without the permission of the CAS. 2. What was the little-known struggle Chiles shared in her memoir? A. Withdrawal of the bronze. B. Physical and mental suffering. C. Severe injuries during the training. D. The coach’s criticism for her irregular diet. 3. What does Chiles’s story mainly want to convey? A. What doesn’t kill you makes you stronger. B. Life journey is full of unavoidable hardship. C. True strength grows where loved ones support. D. Opportunities always favor the prepared minds. 4. What is the best title for this passage? A. Jordan Chiles’s Memoir: A Guide to Olympic Success B. The Dark Side of Competitive Sports: Abuse and Unfair Judging C. The Rise of a Gymnastics Champion: Jordan Chiles’ Olympic Journey D. Overcoming Adversity: Jordan Chiles’s Fight for Strength and Healing 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. A 4. D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了奥运体操选手Jordan Chiles经历了奖牌被收回、情感虐待与心理低谷，但她凭借坚韧和亲友支持走出阴影，并通过自传激励他人。 1. 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Shortly after earning her individual Olympic medal, the Court of Arbitration for Sport(CAS)removed her from the bronze, arguing that an inquiry from her coach Cecile Landi challenging her routine’s difficulty rating that increased her score hadn’t been made within the one-minute deadline.(在获得个人奥运奖牌后不久，体育仲裁法庭(CAS)取消了她的铜牌成绩，理由是她的教练Cecile Landi对其动作难度评分的申诉未在一分钟截止时间内提交，而该申诉提高了她的得分)”可知，巴黎奥运会后Chiles的铜牌被取消是因为她的教练关于她分数的申诉提交得太晚，故选A项。 2. 细节理解题。根据第三段中“In her new memoir, she opens up about struggles few knew. As a gymnast with a more muscular body, she encountered self-image issues, worsened by harmful comments and unequal judging. She also reveals the emotional abuse she suffered from a former coach, referred to as “Coach X,” who criticized her body and caused her to develop an eating disorder.(在她的新回忆录中，她首次袒露了鲜为人知的挣扎。作为一名肌肉更发达的体操运动员，她长期饱受自我形象问题的困扰，而充满恶意的评论和不公正的评判更是雪上加霜。她还揭露了前教练“X教练”对她的情感虐待——对方不仅对她的身材百般挑剔，还导致她患上了饮食失调症)”和最后一段中“Chiles’s journey also involved struggling with dark moments, including suicidal thoughts after a setback in her career.(在职业生涯遭遇挫折后，她甚至一度产生轻生念头，经历了人生至暗时刻)”可知，Chiles在回忆录中分享的不为人知的挣扎是身体和心理上的痛苦，故选B项。 3. 推理判断题。根据文章主要讲述Chiles如何克服奖牌被收、虐待、自杀念头这些困难，并变得更坚强的故事，以及最后一段中“But through it all, she has found strength and healing. “Everything that happened shaped who I am today—a fighter still standing.”(但历经磨难，她最终找到了力量与治愈。“所有经历塑造了今天的我——一个依然挺立的斗士。”)”可知，经历逆境淬炼的Chiles变得更为强大。由此可知，她的故事主要想传达“那些杀不死你的，终将使你更强大”，故选A项。 4. 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段中“But through it all, she has found strength and healing. “Everything that happened shaped who I am today — a fighter still standing.”(但历经磨难，她最终找到了力量与治愈。“所有经历塑造了今天的我——一个依然挺立的斗士。”)”可知，文章聚焦Chiles的挣扎和她的韧性，讲述了她在经历一系列低谷后，凭借坚韧和亲友支持走出阴影，并通过自传激励他人的故事。因此，D项“战胜逆境：Jordan Chiles的力量与治愈之路”最全面概括了Jordan Chile的故事，适合作为文章标题，故选D项。 Passage 4 （24-25学年高一下·江苏扬州市邗江区·期中） The eyes of an artist are special. They can see things others can’t notice and create beautiful art forms from their imagination. In the case of 27-year-old Emily Shifflet, she creates her art literally using only her eyes, as she lives with Rett syndrome, a rare genetic and developmental disorder that limits speech and movement. “Although Emily lives with a condition that has silenced her, she is still able to communicate and express herself through art, and she is an example that people living with Rett syndrome can have lives filled with purpose and creativity,” said Emily’s mother, Jenny Shifflet. Emily creates her art using a special digital software operated by her eyes called Tobii Dynavox. She was able to learn and practice her painting by using the digital painter software on her communication device. Meghan Winslow, owner of a family art studio, said, “I love the diversity of the different designs based upon the different painting tools that she can select. It’s an amazing mix of science, technology and art.” Emily has always been exposed to music and art. Tobii Dynavox has really helped her communicate how she was feeling. The painting tool was truly a game-changer. “Emily could finally use the only muscle she has to be creative,” Jenny said. Jenny noticed the art Emily was creating a few years ago and thought they could make nice gifts. She now sells her one-of-a-kind artwork through her website, Eye Gaze Designs by Emily. “Her artwork is a gift,” Jenny said. “It is showing people that individuals with different abilities can be creative and successful in different ways. That’s what we want to show.” Emily’s artwork has also appeared in Hershey Medical Center and The Art of Pennsylvania. She also serves as a guest artist at SPLAT-A Family Art Studio in Annville and Hershey, Pennsylvania. She simply continues to shine. 1. What’s special about Emily Shifflet? A. She is able to paint with her eyes. B. She has trained many artistic talents. C. She is good at developing digital software. D. She can see herself reflected in artists eyes. 2. What do we know about Tobii Dynavox? A. It can assist in artistic creation. B. It’s a digital product of a painter. C. It can perform an eye operation. D. It’s a treatment for Rett syndrome. 3. Why does Jenny sell her daughter’s artwork online? A. To make it gifts for people in need. B. To raise money for people with disabilities. C. To inspire people to seek their own success. D. To invite people to take up art creation in life. 4. What does the text indicate? A. Art originates from life but is higher than life. B. Technology has made our life worth living. C. The early bird catches the worm. D. Technology breaks down barriers. 【答案】1. A 2. A 3. C 4. D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了患有雷特综合征(Rett syndrome)的艺术家Emily Shifflet在科技辅助下克服身体障碍，成功创作艺术，实现创造力和人生价值的故事。 1. 细节理解题。根据第一段“she creates her art literally using only her eyes(她仅用眼睛创作艺术)和第二段“Emily creates her art using a special digital software operated by her eyes called Tobii Dynavox(Emily使用眼控数字软件Tobii Dynavox创作艺术)”可知，她的特殊之处在于能用眼睛绘画，故选A。 2. 细节理解题。根据第二段“Emily creates her art using a special digital software operated by her eyes called Tobii Dynavox(Emily使用眼控数字软件Tobii Dynavox创作艺术)”和第四段“Tobii Dynavox has really helped her communicate how she was feeling. The painting tool was truly a game-changer.(Tobii Dynavox真的帮助她表达了自己的感受。这个绘画工具真的改变了她的生活)”可知，该软件能辅助艺术创作，故选A。 3. 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“She now sells her one-of-a-kind artwork through her website, Eye Gaze Designs by Emily. “Her artwork is a gift,” Jenny said. “It is showing people that individuals with different abilities can be creative and successful in different ways.(她现在通过她的网站“Eye Gaze Designs by Emily”出售她独一无二的艺术品。“她的作品是一份礼物，”珍妮说。“它向人们表明，不同能力的人可以以不同的方式创造和成功”)”可知，珍妮在网上卖她女儿的艺术品目的是激励人们追求自己的成功，故选C。 4. 推理判断题。主要讲述了患有雷特综合征（Rett syndrome）的艺术家Emily Shifflet在科技辅助下克服身体障碍，成功创作艺术，实现创造力和人生价值的故事。由此推知，文章体现了“科技打破限制”，故选D。 Passage 5 （24-25学年高一下·江苏徐州市铜山区·期中） Carl Allamby started his car repair business at the tender age of 19. Over the years, it had grown into two shops with 11 workers, but Allamby had become uneasy, longing for something more. Therefore, at the age of 34, he decided to go for his bachelor’s degree in business management. After taking classes part-time over the next five years, Allamby was told he had to take biology to get his degree, which later turned out to be the best thing that ever happened. Biology classes reawakened a childhood dream that he had hidden somewhere deep within himself. Born in East Cleveland, Ohio, Allamby was raised by his stay-at-home mother and a father who sold home goods door-to-door. His school didn’t offer the advanced science classes that might have led him on a premed(医学预科的)path. Even if it had, doing well in school could prove dangerous. “You could get into a lot of trouble just for being the class nerd(讨厌的人),” Allamby said. So he set aside the thoughts of becoming a doctor and started fixing cars instead. But a different Carl Allamby walked into that biology class at age 39. He was ready to live his dream. With the support of his family he soon decided to skip business school to take science classes. Becoming a doctor was late and he would become a nurse instead, he reasoned. But Allamby’s chemistry professor told him “Why not a doctor? You have a great talent for the work. You will go a long way.” The professor was right and Allamby did very well. In 2015, Allamby cut ties with his past, and then he started at Northeast Ohio Medical University. In 2019, Carl Allamby became Carl Allamby, MD. He took a job in emergency medicine at Cleveland Clinic Akron General. “How many people can do something so brand-new at such a late stage in their life?” he said. “My age and past career are all good reasons why I shouldn’t be here. And yet, here I am.” 1. Why was taking biology “the best thing that ever happened” to Allamby? A. It ensured him a bachelor’s degree. B. It helped him realize his childhood dream about being a doctor. C. It brought about more profits in his business. D. It developed his potential to become a doctor. 2. What is the author’s purpose in writing Para.3? A. To describe Allamby’s difficulty in school. B. To introduce Allamby’s family background. C. To show how Allamby struggled in his childhood. D. To explain why Allamby once gave up his dream. 3. What do we know from the chemistry professor’s words? A. He acknowledged Allamby’s capability. B. He admired Allamby’s courage. C. He advised Allamby should aim lower. D. He assumed Allamby was too old to be a doctor. 4. What does Allamby’s story mainly tell us? A. Success often comes to those who dare to act. B. Education holds the key to success. C. It’s never too late to pursue your dream. D. A tough man can bear great suffering. 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A 4. C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Carl Allamby的个人经历，从他早年开设汽车修理店，到后来决定追求医学梦想，最终成为医学博士的过程。 1. 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Biology classes reawakened a childhood dream that he had hidden somewhere deep within himself.(生物学课程唤醒了他深藏在内心深处的童年梦想)”以及第五段“In 2019, Carl Allamby became Carl Allamby, MD. He took a job in emergency medicine at Cleveland Clinic Akron General.(2019 年，Carl Allamby成为了一名医学博士。他在克利夫兰诊所阿克伦总医院找到了一份急诊医学方面的工作)”可知，生物课唤醒了他内心深处想要成为医生的童年梦想，并且他最终实现了这个梦想，故选B。 2. 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“His school didn’t offer the advanced science classes that might have led him on a premèd(医学预科的)path. Even if it had, doing well in school could prove dangerous. “You could get into a lot of trouble just for being the class nerd(讨厌的人),” Allamby said. So he set aside the thoughts of becoming a doctor and started fixing cars instead.(他就读的学校没有开设那些可能引领他走上医学预科道路的高级科学课程。即便有这些课程，在学校成绩优异也可能会带来危险。“仅仅因为你是班上爱读书的人，你就可能惹上很多麻烦。”Allamby说道。所以，他搁置了成为一名医生的想法，转而开始修理汽车)”可知，该段内容很好地解释了他因为学校课程以及在学校表现好可能带来的麻烦等原因而放弃成为医生的梦想。因此，作者写第三段的目的是解释为什么Allamby曾经放弃了他的梦想，故选D。 3. 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“But Allamby’s chemistry professor told him “Why not a doctor? You have a great talent for the work. You will go a long way.” The professor was right and Allamby did very well.(然而，Allamby的化学教授却对他说：“为什么不当医生呢？你在这方面很有天赋。你会大有作为的。”教授说得没错，Allamby的成绩非常出色)”可知，Allamby的教授建议他去当医生，认为Allamby非常有天赋。由此可知，从化学教授的话中我们可以知道他认可了Allamby的能力，故选A。 4. 推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，文章讲述了Allamby的故事，Allamby19 岁开始经营汽车修理生意，34岁决定攻读商业管理学士学位，39岁上生物课唤醒了童年想成为医生的梦想，尽管年龄较大且有过去的职业经历，但他还是努力追求梦想，最终在2019 年成为医学博士。也就是说，Allamby在年龄较大且已有一定职业经历的情况下，依然能够重新追求童年的梦想并实现，很好地体现了追求梦想永远不晚的道理，故选C。 Passage 6 （24-25学年高一下·江苏无锡宜兴市·期中） When I was 14, my parents made me volunteer at Greenfield Animal Shelter as punishment for skipping math class. “You need to learn responsibility, ” Mom said, handing me a brightly colored uniform that was too big. The shelter smelled like wet fur and disinfectant(消毒剂); and my job was cleaning cages—washing food from bowls and sticky floors. On my third Saturday, I noticed a golden retriever named Max. His cage card said his owner had passed away, and he’d been at the shelter for three months. Unlike other dogs, Max covered in the corner, shaking at every noise. When I entered his kennel, he flattened himself into a trembling pancake. “He’s sweet but scared of everything,” Ms. Torres, a shelter worker, told me. She showed me old injuries on his legs from when he’d tried to bite through the bars. I decided to spend my breaks with Max. At first, I just sat near his food bowl, reading aloud from a book. His breathing slowed to whispers. Soon, he let me touch his ears. When I dropped my keys, he stepped back but stayed. “You’re making progress,” Ms. Torres said one day. “But don’t get too attached. Dogs like him rarely get adopted.” I didn’t listen. I brought him a tennis ball, and we played fetch in the outdoor pen. His tail wagged a little more each time. One rainy day, he licked(舔)my hand, and I, with tears in my eyes, felt a lump in my throat. Then, one morning, a family stopped at Max’s kennel. The youngest girl called him a “golden cloud.” Max didn’t hide. He walked forward, tail wagging, and licked her fingers. As they filled out the adoption papers, I hid in the storage closet, hugging my knees. I heard their laughter, the jingle of Max’s new collar, and the sound of the door shutting. When I came out, Ms. Torres smiled. “You did good, kid,” she said. Max taught me that courage isn’t about being fearless – it’s about taking small steps toward something bigger. Now, whenever I’m scared to try something new, I remember his wagging tail and the day he trusted the world again. 1. Why did the author’s parents make her volunteer at the animal shelter? A. To correct her misbehavior. B. To encourage her to adopt a pet. C. To expose her to more job opportunities. D. To meet a requirement for her school course. 2. What does the word “covered” mean in paragraph 2? A. jumped excitedly B. hid up in fear C. barked loudly D. stared angrily 3. What was Max’s reaction when the little girl approached him? A. He became anxious and barked loudly. B. He grew braver and showed love. C. He tried to escape by biting through the bars. D. He remained in the corner, avoiding any interaction. 4. How did the author feel towards Max? A. Fearful and shy B. Impatient but sincere C. Caring and concerned D. Distant but thoughtful 5. What is the best title for the story? A. A Once Fearful Dog B. Small Steps to Courage C. A Day at the Animal Shelter D. The Importance of Responsibility 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. B 4. C 5. B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，讲述作者14岁时因逃课被父母送到格林菲尔德动物收容所做志愿者作为惩罚。在那里，她遇到了一只因主人去世而被遗弃、极度恐惧的金毛犬Max。通过耐心陪伴，她帮助Max逐渐恢复信任，最终被一个家庭收养。这个过程不仅改变了Max，也让作者领悟到勇气的真正含义。 1. 细节理解题。根据文章第一段第一句“When I was 14, my parents made me volunteer at Greenfield Animal Shelter as punishment for skipping math class.(当我14岁时，父母让我去格林菲尔德动物收容所做志愿者，作为我逃数学课的惩罚)”可知，作者父母让她做志愿者是为了纠正她的错误行为，故选A。 2. 词义猜测题。根据第二段中的描述“Max… in the corner, shaking at every noise. When I entered his kennel, he flattened himself into a trembling pancake.(Max在角落里……，对每个声音都发抖。当我走进狗舍时，他把自己压成一张发抖的薄饼)”可知，Max因极度恐惧而蜷缩在角落。因此，“covered”在此处意为“因害怕而躲藏”，故选B。 3. 细节理解题。根据第七段中描述“Then, one morning, a family stopped at Max’s kennel. The youngest girl called him a “golden cloud.” Max didn’t hide. He walked forward, tail wagging, and licked her fingers(小女孩叫他‘金色的云’。Max没有躲藏，他走上前去，摇着尾巴，舔了舔她的手指)”可知，Max面对小女孩时表现得勇敢且充满爱意，故选B。 4. 推理判断题。根据第四段“I decided to spend my breaks with Max. At first, I just sat near his food bowl, reading aloud from a book.(我决定把休息时间都用来陪Max。起初，我就坐在他的食盆旁，大声读书)”以及倒数第四段“One rainy day, he licked my hand, and I, with tears in my eyes, felt a lump in my throat.(一个下雨天，他舔了我的手，我眼含泪水，喉咙哽咽)”可知，作者决定把休息时间都用来陪Max，在雨天的时候，Max舔作者的手，作者眼含泪水，喉咙哽咽，可推知，作者对Max充满关爱与关切，故选C。 5. 主旨大意题。根据第一段“When I was 14, my parents made me volunteer at Greenfield Animal Shelter as punishment for skipping math class. “You need to learn responsibility,” Mom said, handing me a a brightly colored uniform that was too big. The shelter smelled like wet fur and disinfectant(消毒剂); and my job was cleaning cages — washing food from bowls and sticky floors(在我14岁那年，因为我逃掉了数学课，父母罚我去格林菲尔德动物收容所做志愿者。妈妈一边说着“你得学会承担责任”，一边递给我一套颜色鲜艳却过大的工作服。收容所里弥漫着湿漉漉的皮毛和消毒剂的气味；而我的工作就是打扫笼子——清洗食盆里的残留食物和黏糊糊的地板)”以及最后一段“Max taught me that courage isn’t about being fearless – it’s about taking small steps toward something bigger. Now, whenever I’m scared to try something new, I remember his wagging tail and the day he trusted the world again(麦克斯教会我，勇气并非无所畏惧——而是朝着更宏大的目标迈出微小的步伐。如今每当我对尝试新事物感到害怕时，总会想起它欢快摇摆的尾巴，以及它重新信任这个世界的那一天)”可知，文章开头讲述作者因逃避责任被惩罚做志愿者，结尾点明主题：Max教会我，勇气不是无所畏惧，而是朝着更大的目标迈出一小步。所以全文围绕Max从恐惧到重新信任世界的过程，以及作者从中获得的成长展开。因此，B项“Small Steps to Courage(迈向勇气的一小步)”最能概括文章的核心思想，适合用作文章标题，故选B。 主题01 人与社会——新技术 （24-25学年高一下·江苏扬州高邮市·期中） Delilah was born in London, the capital city of England in 1968. When he was twelve years old, he went to Paris with an uncle. There, he finished his studies in marketing. After working as a casting director for nine years, Delilah got a job at Rue Dieulafoy. It is a popular place in Paris and many Parisian fashion designers like to go there. While working there and watching the customers, Delilah came up with the idea of making clothes for the European market. He wanted to give new life to the clothes that were sold in Africa. This idea started to become real. The England designer opened his first showroom. There, he began to sell his own brand of products. If you look carefully at the clothes in his showroom, you can see how special his design process is. He takes the clothes that come to Africa from Europe and the US through charities. Then he gives them a new look and sells them in France. Every year, a large amount of clothes are sent from Europe and the US to Africa. Just Italy sends more than 150 tonnes. The second-hand clothing market in Africa started because people wanted to help poorer countries. But it has two problems. First, many clothes can’t be used again. These clothes that no one buys make more waste. Second, since the late 1980s, too many second-hand clothes have come into the African market. This has made the African cloth industry face a big crisis and it is still having a hard time getting better. Delilah goes to Africa several times a year to buy second-hand clothes. In fact, 95 percent of the clothes he makes come from the markets in London. “We don’t want to teach people with fashion. Instead, we want to show them what they can do with what they have. Give me the clothes and I’ll show you how to wear them without having to buy new ones,” he said. The African designer’s words, which he said in an interview with the British broadcaster BBC, can show his idea. 1. What do you learn about Delilah from paragraph 1? A. He helped his uncle at Rue Dieulafoy. B. He worked at a nice place in Paris. C. He studied marketing for nine years. D. He became a casting director in London. 2. What is the idea behind Delilah’s clothing brand? A. The use of different clothes. B. The jobs of fashion designers. C. The importance of recycling. D. The value of good quality. 3. What can you infer about the second-hand clothes in Africa? A. They are a good way to help poorer countries. B. They have made the African industry grow fast. C. They have made clothes environmentally friendly. D. They have done no good to the African economy. 4. What is the main aim of this text? A. To tell the story of an excellent designer. B. To encourage more designers to be creative. C. To analyze the result of second-hand clothes. D. To help a designer’s fashion business grow. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D 4. A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了设计师Delilah通过循环利用服饰来给在非洲销售的衣服赋予新的生命。 1. 细节理解题。根据第一段“After working as a casting director for nine years, Delilah got a job at Rue Dieulafoy. It is a popular place in Paris and many Parisian fashion designers like to go there.(在做了九年的选角导演后，Delilah在迪尤拉弗伊街找到了一份工作。这是巴黎一个很受欢迎的地方，许多巴黎的时装设计师都喜欢去那里)”可知，Delilah在巴黎的一个好地方工作，故选B。 2. 细节理解题。根据第二段“If you look carefully at the clothes in his showroom, you can see how special his design process is. He takes the clothes that come to Africa from Europe and the US through charities. Then he gives them a new look and sells them in France.(如果你仔细观察他陈列室里的衣服，你就会发现他的设计过程是多么的特别。他把通过慈善机构从欧洲和美国运到非洲的衣服拿过来。然后，他给他们一个新的外观，并在法国出售)”可知，Delilah的服装品牌背后的理念是循环利用的重要性，故选C。 3. 推理判断题。根据第三段“The second-hand clothing market in Africa started  because people wanted to help poorer countries. But it has two problems.  First, many clothes can’t be used again. These clothes that no one buys  make more waste. Second, since the late 1980s, too many second-hand  clothes have come into the African market. This has made the African  cloth industry face a big crisis and it is still having a hard time  getting better.(二手服装市场在非洲的兴起是因为人们想要帮助贫穷的国家。但它有两个问题。首先，许多衣服不能再用。这些没人买的衣服造成了更多的浪费。第二，自20世纪80年代末以来，太多的二手衣服进入了非洲市场。这使得非洲布业面临着巨大的危机，目前仍难以好转)”可推知，非洲的二手衣服对非洲经济没有任何好处，故选D。 4. 推理判断题。根据第二段“While working there and watching the customers, Delilah came up with the idea of making clothes for the European market. He wanted to give new life to the clothes that were sold in Africa.(当Delilah在那里工作并观察顾客时，她萌生了为欧洲市场制作服装的想法。他想给在非洲销售的衣服赋予新的生命)”以及文章主要介绍了设计师Delilah通过循环利用服饰来给在非洲销售的衣服赋予新的生命。由此推知，这篇文章的主要目的是讲述一个优秀设计师的故事，故选A。 主题03 人与自然——环境保护，自然灾害 Passage 1 （24-25学年高一下·江苏苏州·期中） On the blue ocean surrounding Weizhou Island in Guangxi, a group of volunteers are preparing to dive into the water. Huang Wen and his team have spent years planting, monitoring and surveying coral reefs(珊瑚礁)around the island, diving into the waters more than 500 times as part of efforts to restore its coral reefs. As a professor at the School of Marine(海洋的)Sciences at Guangxi University, Huang developed a strong interest in coral reefs during his diving trips in Malaysia, where he discovered a lively underwater world that looked like a magical aquarium(水族馆)filled with colorful coral. Those trips left a lasting impression on him. “I remember my first dive underwater at Weizhou Island in 2015. I was so disappointed to find low coral coverage,” recalled Huang, explaining why he joined the university’s team to make a change. Huang said that not only do coral reefs play an important part in keeping the balance of underwater ecosystem, but they also act as a protective barrier for natural disasters such as storms and tsunamis. “Coral reefs are the ‘Great Wall’ of the seabed, capable of keeping out 70% to 90%of wave impacts. Without them, the sandy coastal rocks are easily washed away,” explained Huang. Since the 1950s, global coral reef degradation has become increasingly severe, endangering their survival and leading to the marine life’s dying out. Under Huang’s guidance, the team has successfully grown more than 10 coral species and over 50,000 individual corals, marking great progress in their restoration efforts. Their hard work has resulted in a survival rate of over 80% for coral in the northern restoration zone, making coral communities thrive and attract diverse marine life. “I hope more people will join our cause to protect coral reefs,” Huang said, “In the future, our team will continue to perfect our technology and restore more damaged coral reefs. Once our experience on Weizhou Island matures, we plan to expand it to the South China Sea and even overseas.” 1. What drove Huang Wen to volunteer to protect coral reefs? A. His disappointment with the low coral coverage. B. His concerns for the island protection. C. His curiosity about the Marine life. D. His interest in coral reefs. 2. Why are coral reefs important according to the text? A. They can prevent natural disasters. B. They can restore the seabed. C. They can beautify the coastal rocks. D. They can block most wave impacts. 3. What does the underlined word “thrive” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Grow slowly. B. Live peacefully. C. Develop well. D. Survive narrowly. 4. What is the best title of this passage? A. Guardian of the Reef B. Underwater “Great Wall” C. Volunteer of Weizhou Island D. Endangered Underwater World 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. C 4. A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了广西大学教授黄文及其团队多年来致力于涠洲岛珊瑚礁修复工作，取得显著成果，他希望更多人加入保护珊瑚礁的事业。 1. 细节理解题。根据第二段中““I remember my first dive underwater at Weizhou Island in 2015. I was so disappointed to find low coral coverage,” recalled Huang, explaining why he joined the university’s team to make a change.(“我记得2015年我第一次在涠洲岛潜水。发现珊瑚覆盖率很低，我非常失望，”黄回忆道，解释了他为什么加入大学团队来做出改变)可知，黄文对珊瑚低覆盖率的失望促使他志愿保护珊瑚礁，故选A项。 2. 细节理解题。根据第三段中“‘Coral reefs are the ‘Great Wall’ of the seabed, capable of keeping out 70% to 90% of wave impacts. Without them, the sandy coastal rocks are easily washed away,’ explained Huang.(“珊瑚礁是海底的‘长城’，能够抵御70%到90%的海浪冲击。没有它们，沙质海岸岩石很容易被冲走，”黄解释道)可知，珊瑚礁重要是因为它们能阻挡大部分海浪冲击，故选D项。 3. 词义猜测题。根据划线词所在句中“Their hard work has resulted in a survival rate of over 80% for coral in the northern restoration zone, making coral communities thrive and attract diverse marine life.(他们的努力使北部恢复区的珊瑚存活率超过80%，珊瑚群落thrive，吸引了各种海洋生物)”中“resulted in a survival rate of over 80%”和“attract diverse marine life”可知，珊瑚珊瑚存活率越来越高，情况越来越好，由此可推知划线词“thrive”的意思是“发展良好”，与C项“Develop well”同义，故选C项。 4. 主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段“Huang Wen and his team have spent years planting, monitoring and surveying coral reefs(珊瑚礁)around the island, diving the waters more than 500 times as part of efforts to restore its coral reefs.(黄文和他的团队多年来一直在岛上种植、监测和勘测珊瑚礁，作为修复珊瑚礁工作的一部分，他们潜水超过500次)”和最后一段“I hope more people will join our cause to protect coral reefs,” Huang said, “In the future, our team will continue to perfect our technology and restore more damaged coral reefs.(“我希望更多的人能加入我们保护珊瑚礁的事业，”黄说，“未来，我们的团队将继续完善我们的技术，修复更多受损的珊瑚礁”)可知，文章主要讲述了黄文及其团队保护和修复涠洲岛珊瑚礁的事迹，他们就像珊瑚礁的守护者。A项“Guardian of the Reef(珊瑚礁的守护者)”能概括文章内容，最适合做文章标题，故选A项。 Passage 2 （24-25学年高一下·江苏宿迁市沭阳县·期中） A strong 7.9 earthquake hit central Myanmar on March 28,2025, causing major damage in the area. The earthquake was centered near Mandalay, the country’s second-largest city. The number of deaths has reached 2,719, with 4,521 people injured and many more still missing. The disaster unfolded in two phases: the first earthquake destroyed buildings, roads, and bridges, while aftershocks continued to cause problems. The earthquake happened along the Sagaing Fault, where the Indian and Eurasian tectonic plates meet. Over many years, pressure built up between the plates and finally caused this earthquake. However, Myanmar’s old buildings, especially traditional ones made of wood and mud, were not strong enough to withstand the earthquake, which made the situation even worse. Countries around the world quickly sent help. China was one of the first to respond, sending rescue teams with medical supplies, shelter materials, and special equipment to find survivors. India, Russia, and Singapore also sent aid. The United Nations helped organize the aid efforts, showing that the world is united in helping Myanmar. However, rescuers faced many challenges. Roads and bridges were destroyed, making it hard to get aid to remote villages. There were also power cuts and communication problems. Bad weather made things worse, as rain could cause floods and spread diseases. Additionally, ongoing conflicts in northern Myanmar made it hard to get supplies to the affected areas, and hospitals in Mandalay were crowded with patients. Despite the difficulties, there were also stories of hope. Local volunteers worked hard to rescue people trapped in the rubble. In Mandalay, a pregnant woman was rescued after being trapped for 50 hours. Farmers and students also adapted quickly, planting crops in temporary fields and attending classes in tents. The earthquake showed Myanmar’s weaknesses, but it also showed the strength of the people and the world’s support. As aftershocks continue, Myanmar’s people are determined to rebuild their lives and hope for a better future. 1. What do we know about the earthquake on March 28, 2025? A. It is the strongest earthquake in history. B. It caused minor damage to the old buildings. C. The main quake destroyed many constructions. D. Pressure built up between the plates in aftershocks. 2. Which of the following is NOT a reason for the difficulties in rescue efforts? A. Affected areas. B. Power failures. C. Inaccessible roads. D. Communication problems. 3. Why does the author mention the story of a pregnant woman in the last paragraph? A. To compare victims from different jobs. B. To show the theme of hope and recovery. C. To explain the difficulty of rescue efforts. D. To give an example of the earthquake’s impact. 4. What’s the author’s tone in writing the article? A. Concerned. B. Doubtful. C. Critical. D. Objective. 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B 4. D 【导语】本文是篇新闻报道。文章讲述了2025年3月缅甸中部发生的7.9级地震对当地造成的破坏，以及当地人民和世界各国采取的救援行动。 1. 细节理解题。根据第一段“The disaster unfolded in two phases: the first earthquake destroyed buildings, roads, and bridges, while aftershocks continued to cause problems.(这场灾难分两个阶段展开：第一次地震摧毁了建筑物、道路和桥梁，而余震继续造成问题)”可知，这次地震中的主要地震摧毁了许多建筑物，故选C项。 2. 细节理解题。根据第四段“Roads and bridges were destroyed, making it hard to get aid to remote villages. There were also power cuts and communication problems. Bad weather made things worse, as rain could cause floods and spread diseases. Additionally, ongoing conflicts in northern Myanmar made it hard to get supplies to the affected areas, and hospitals in Mandalay were crowded with patients.(道路和桥梁被毁，使得偏远村庄难以获得援助。还有停电和通讯问题。恶劣的天气使事情变得更糟，因为下雨会引起洪水和传播疾病。此外，缅甸北部持续不断的冲突使物资难以运往受影响地区，曼德勒的医院挤满了病人)”可知，停电问题、通讯问题以及道路不通都是造成救援困难的原因，而受灾地区不是原因，故选A项。 3. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Despite the difficulties, there were also stories of hope.(尽管困难重重，但也有充满希望的故事。)”和“The earthquake showed Myanmar’ s weaknesses, but it also showed the strength of the people and the world’s support. As aftershocks continue, Myanmar’s people are determined to rebuild their lives and hope for a better future.(地震显示了缅甸的弱点，但也显示了人民的力量和世界的支持。随着余震的持续，缅甸人民决心重建他们的生活，希望有一个更美好的未来)”可知，作者提到怀孕妇女的故事，是为了表明地震救援虽然困难重重，但是人民的力量和世界的支持仍然带给人们无尽的希望，意志坚定地重建生活和未来，展现了希望和复苏的主题，故选B项。 4. 推理判断题。根据第二段“Countries around the world quickly sent help.(世界各国迅速提供了援助。)”、第三段“However, rescuers faced many challenges.(然而，救援人员面临着许多挑战)”和最后一段的“Despite the difficulties, there were also stories of hope.(尽管困难重重，但也有充满希望的故事)”，以及“The earthquake showed Myanmar’ s weaknesses, but it also showed the strength of the people and the world’s support. As aftershocks continue, Myanmar’s people are determined to rebuild their lives and hope for a better future.(地震显示了缅甸的弱点，但也显示了人民的力量和世界的支持。随着余震的持续，缅甸人民决心重建他们的生活，希望有一个更美好的未来)”可知，作者客观描述了地震后各国的救援行为，既分析了救援面临的困难，又描述了充满希望的故事；既指出了地震显示出来了国家的弱点，又看到了当地人民重建未来的决心和力量，故作者是持有客观的语气来写这篇文章的，故选D项。 议论文 主题01 人与社会——教育，社交媒体与日常交流 Passage 1 （24-25学年高一下·江苏省无锡江阴市六校联考·期中） To early childhood educator Erika Christakis, schooling and learning are two different things. According to one study she cites in her well-researched book, The Importance of Being Little 25% of Los Angeles kindergarteners were allowed no time at all for free play. Three and four-year-olds can make discoveries for themselves if given the mental space to do so and freed from typical overplanned activities. But too often teachers themselves are managed by higher-ups(with too much attention to details), expected to hew to fixed lesson plans, and given little flexibility. Some say they have little time to bond with their students. “Kids are being too much talked at rather than listened to.” This “crushes(毁坏)” their curiosity. In America, reading, writing, and the cognitive(认知的)demands that have been traditionally introduced in second or third grades have been pushed forward to preschools — to 3-year-olds “who lack the motor skills and attention span(持续时间)to be successful.” Christakis argues that forcing academic rigor(严格)at such an early age has led preschoolers to do worse, not better. She admires the philosophies of Waldorf and Steiner schools, which teach young children handiwork such as weaving or woodwork “as part of an imaginative and story-driven curriculum(课程).” They have nature outings for children aged three to six. They sleep in tents with only their teachers and other children(no texting nor parents allowed everywhere near for days). They learn from nature and everyday experience, invent their own games, choose their own playmates, and settle their own conflicts. They learn to dress themselves, make meals, and help one another. At night they sing around a campfire. Here at home, early education in Christakis’s telling seems to have been overtaken by well-intentioned politicians who don’t understand the first thing about how children actually learn. Alphabets, slogans, and rhymes on the walls are too much for “young children when they can’t even yet read.” Students need less “desk work” and vocabulary drills, she says, and more talking with and listening to adults who “invite the child to be reflective.” 1. Which of the following best explains “hew to” underlined in paragraph 1? A. Give up. B. Break up. C. Contribute to. D. Stick to. 2. What is Erika Christakis’s opinion on American preschool education? A. It focuses too much on traditional subjects. B. It negatively affects children’s development. C. It fails to teach children reading and writing skills. D. It is disconnected from the reality of primary schools. 3. What does paragraph 3 tell us about Waldorf and Steiner schools? A. They disallow texting in the classrooms. B. Their communication with parents is effective. C. They advocate an outdoor learning environment. D. Their courses rely heavily on teacher involvement. 4. What do children actually need according to Erika Christakis? A. Inspiring conversations. B. Appropriate learning resources. C. Repetitive reading exercises. D. Quality family time. 5. What is the main idea of this passage? A. Early education should stress structured academic lessons. B. Preschool policies are overly influenced by politicians. C. Nature-based activities are key to child development. D. Early education should stress play and exploration. 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. D 【导语】这是一篇议论文。本文主要讲述了幼儿教育专家Erika Christakis对幼儿教育的看法，她认为学校教育和学习是两回事，过早地强迫孩子进行严格的学术训练会对孩子的发展产生负面影响，强调幼儿教育应该注重玩耍和探索。 1. 词义猜测题。根据第一段“But too often teachers themselves are managed by higher-ups(with too much attention to details), expected to hew to fixed lesson plans, and given little flexibility.(但很多时候，教师本身受到上级的管理(过于注重细节)，被期望_______固定的课程计划，并且几乎没有灵活性)”中的“fixed lesson plans”和“given little flexibility”可知，教师需要按照固定的课程计划进行教学，几乎没有灵活性，由此可知，hew to意为“坚持”，故选D。 2. 细节理解题。根据第二段“Christakis argues that forcing academic rigor at such an early age has led preschoolers to do worse, not better.(Christakis认为，在这么小的年纪就强迫进行严格的学术训练，导致学前儿童的表现更差，而不是更好)”可知，Erika Christakis认为过早地强迫孩子进行严格的学术训练会对孩子的发展产生负面影响，故选B。 3. 细节理解题。根据第三段“They have nature outings for children aged three to six.(他们为三到六岁的孩子安排了自然郊游)”可知，Waldorf和Steiner学校提倡户外学习环境，故选C。 4. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Students need less “desk work” and vocabulary drills, she says, and more talking with and listening to adults who “invite the child to be reflective”.(她说，学生需要更少的“课桌作业”和词汇练习，而需要更多地与那些“邀请孩子进行反思”的成年人交谈和倾听)”可知，Erika Christakis认为孩子们实际上需要的是与成年人进行鼓舞人心的对话，故选A。 5. 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Three and four-year-olds can make discoveries for themselves if given the mental space to do so and freed from typical overplanned activities.(如果给三四岁的孩子提供思考的空间，并让他们摆脱典型的过度计划的活动，他们就能自己做出发现)”和最后一段“Students need less “desk work” and vocabulary drills, she says, and more talking with and listening to adults who “invite the child to be reflective.”(她说，学生需要更少的“课桌作业”和词汇练习，而需要更多地与那些“邀请孩子进行反思”的成年人交谈和倾听)”可知，这篇文章的主要思想是幼儿教育应该强调玩耍和探索，故选D。 Passage 2 As American high school and college students graduate and begin the next phases of their lives, one piece of advice they will undoubtedly receive is to follow their passions or something similar. It seems like fine guidance: Do something that feels true to yourself rather than meet people’s expectations. But is this really the case? To find out, we asked hundreds of undergraduate students which majors and careers they would choose if they followed their passions and which majors and careers they would choose if they prioritized salary and job security. We found that when it came to male-dominated fields like computer science and engineering, gender(性别)gaps were greater when students chose to follow their passions, with men disproportionately(不成比例地)choosing those fields. We also found that gender gaps in selecting future careers were smaller when we asked people of both genders to prioritize nurturing(养育)and emotionally supporting other people. Are we suggesting that women shouldn’t pursue their passions and should enter fields that they don’t really care about just to close gender gaps? Of course not. For one thing, traditionally feminine(女性的)work is important, and society needs people who are passionate about it and want to do it — including men. But what strikes us, based on this and other research, is that for many young people, passions seem to be based in large part on internalized societal expectations about what is appropriate for their gender rather than complete and accurate information about what, for example, studying computer science is really like. Our point is that the passions that young people are supposed to be following seem to be easily influenced. The “follow your passions” advice may appear to ask people what they want to do with their lives. But too often what they’re being asked to do is let their gender limit their choices. So let’s change what we say to high school and college graduates. Sure, you can follow your passions. But also keep an open mind and try things you may have ruled out without even realizing why. There may be more to be passionate about than you realize. 1. What is the most common advice American students receive when selecting their majors or careers? A. Choose what is in high demand. B. Choose what matches their interests. C. Choose what has a high earning potential. D. Choose what is popular among their peers. 2. What can we learn from paragraph 2? A. Gender gaps widened when students followed their passions in certain fields. B. Men and women showed equal interest in male-dominated career fields. C. Men and women performed differently when asked to support others. D. Men who followed their passions tended to avoid male-dominated fields. 3. What does the author suggest is a main issue with the “follow your passions” advice? A. It leads to the constant change of our passions. B. It sends wrong information about different fields. C. It doesn’t consider the importance of traditionally feminine work. D. It is actually influenced by societal expectations of different genders. 4. What is the career advice conveyed in the text? A. People should ignore their passions when selecting a career. B. People should have an open mind when selecting a career. C. People should focus more on job security than on their passions. D. People should make sure their passions are based on economic situation. 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D 4. B 【导语】本文是议论文。文章主要讨论了“追随你的热情”这一建议对于美国高中和大学毕业生是否真正适用。 1. 细节理解题。根据第一段中“As American high school and college students graduate and begin the next phases of their lives, one piece of advice they will undoubtedly receive is to follow their passions or something similar.(随着美国高中生和大学生毕业，开始他们人生的下一个阶段，他们无疑会收到一条建议，那就是追随自己的激情或类似的东西)”可知，美国学生在选择专业或职业时最常得到的建议是选择符合他们兴趣的，故选B项。 2. 细节理解题。根据第二段中“We found that when it came to male-dominated fields like computer science and engineering, gender(性别)gaps were greater when students chose to follow their passions, with men disproportionately(不成比例地)choosing those fields. We also found that gender gaps in selecting future careers were smaller when we asked people of both genders to prioritize nurturing(养育)and emotionally supporting other people.(我们发现，当涉及到像计算机科学和工程这样由男性主导的领域时，当学生选择追随自己的激情时，性别差距会更大，因为男性不成比例地选择了这些领域。我们还发现，当要求男女双方都优先考虑养育他人和给予他人情感支持时，在选择未来职业方面的性别差距会更小)”可知，当学生们在某些领域追随自己的激情时，性别差距就会扩大，故选A项。 3. 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“But what strikes us, based on this and other research, is that for many young people, passions seem to be based in large part on internalized societal expectations about what is appropriate for their gender rather than complete and accurate information about what, for example, studying computer science is really like. Our point is that the passions that young people are supposed to be following seem to be easily influenced.(但基于这项研究和其他研究，让我们感到惊讶的是，对于许多年轻人来说，他们的激情似乎在很大程度上基于内化的社会预期，即关于什么适合自己性别的观念，而非关于某事物的完整准确信息——例如，学习计算机科学到底是怎么一回事。我们的观点是，年轻人本应追随的热情似乎很容易受到影响)”以及最后一段中“The “follow your passions” advice may appear to ask people what they want to do with their lives. But too often what they’re being asked to do is let their gender limit their choices.(“追随你的激情”的建议似乎是在问人们他们想要做什么。但太多时候，他们被要求做的是让性别限制他们的选择)”可推知，作者认为“追随你的激情”建议的主要问题是它实际上受到不同性别的社会期望的影响，故选D项。 4. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Sure, you can follow your passions. But also keep an open mind and try things you may have ruled out without even realizing why. There may be more to be passionate about than you realize.(当然，你可以追随自己的热情。但也要保持开放的心态，尝试那些你可能在甚至没有意识到原因的情况下就排除掉的事情。也许你会发现更多值得热爱的事物，远超你的想象)”可推知，文中传达的职业建议是人们在选择职业时应该保持开放的心态，故选B项。 Passage 3 （24-25学年高一下·江苏省盐城市五校联考·期中） The first time I heard about my classmates involved in social media was in the fourth grade. A few of my friends and some of my classmates had excitedly jump onto platforms like Instagram at such a young age. On the other hand, I hesitated. I only knew the basics, but was foreign to some words on social media. All throughout middle school, I stuck with the same thinking. And now as a freshman in college, I am looking back and wondering why I have never been naturally interested in social media. Scanning Instagram, you ought to find dozens of pictures of people in beautiful countries, taking part in exciting activities, and spending time with friends and family, amo$ 专题02 阅读理解（记叙文&议论文） 主题01 人与社会——跨文化交流，文化差异 （24-25学年高一下·江苏省苏州市吴江中学·期中） Passage 1 Learning new languages can be empowering, opening doors to connect with people from different cultures. Recently, a man practicing Chinese gained widespread attention after visiting a local Lanzhou noodle restaurant and speaking the language in a truly memorable way. Canadian resident Cali Lopez shared a video of his interaction with a Chinese waitress and their authentic and curious exchange quickly won praise online. The incident occurred in Saskatoon,one of Canada's largest cities, with a growing Chinese community. Cali appeared anxious and nervous at the Lanzhou noodle restaurant before a waitress approached him. Greeting her in her native language, he nearly left her in shock. With a smile, Cali then politely asked the waitress if he could practice his Chinese and began ordering in her language, asking questions about the menu. He noticed a dish that caught his interest and asked in Chinese, “Is this sour pickle(泡菜)soup hot?” The waitress replied, “Yes, a little bit spicy.” Cali, who works as an English teacher, was fine with mild spice, replying,“Oh, I just want to order one.” When she asked about his other food preferences, he shared his desire for a dish with rice noodles. The waitress then listed the restaurant’s six types of noodles, including three round and three flat varieties. Cali appeared to struggle a bit while discussing the types of noodles in Chinese, requesting the waitress to point to the menu and explain each dish's preparation to help him order. After some thought, he chose the thinnest of the round noodles. Curious about his language skills,Cali then asked,“Can you understand me?” and waited eagerly for her response. The waitress confirmed she could, leaving Cali visibly moved. The one-minute video of this genuine and heartfelt exchange has received widespread praise on social media for recording a real, spontaneous(自发的)moment without any forced emotion. 1. How did the waitress feel at Cali's greeting in Chinese? A. Surprised. B. Confused. C. Annoyed. D. Uninterested. 2. What may have impressed the audience most in Cali's video? A. The Chinese food. B. The Chinese language. C. His genuine use of Chinese. D. His knowledge of Chinese noodles. 3. What can we learn from Cali's conversation with the waitress? A. He was eager to practice Chinese. B. He struggled with mild spicy food. C. He turned down her offer of help. D. He found it effortless to discuss the menu. 4. What does the article mainly talk about? A. Language barriers of dining out. B. The challenges of learning Chinese. C. A heartwarming cultural exchange. D. The importance of being communicative. Passage 2 （24-25学年高一下·江苏省江阴市二中·期中） Back in the summer of 2017, I was busy studying in Beijing when I suddenly got homesick for some Western food. So, I wandered the streets nearby until I came across a restaurant and finally found it — whole chicken! In my head, I imagined a juicy, tender(嫩的)whole bird with perfectly crispy(酥脆的)browned skin with a side of mashed potatoes(土豆泥): just the way it is always prepared in America, right? For some reason, I never stopped to think that the Chinese definition of a “whole chicken” might be different from my assumptions. I waved a waiter over and hurriedly pointed to the line on the menu to show my food request. Finally, I would be able to satisfy my eagerness! Yet, when the bird finally landed on my plate, my wide grin(咧嘴笑)turned to one of shock. Rather than a golden crispy brown, the skin was instead bright yellow. But the most obvious was something that I would rather not have seen at all: the head! In all my years of eating chicken, I had never seen the head still attached to the rest of the body. Yet here it was, staring back at me. In America, although people understand where meat comes from, the way food is presented means they aren’t reminded of the living animal it once was. When staring face-to-face with the dead bird on my plate, that fact was made much more apparent. Still, I carried on, trying to ignore the head while I dug into the chicken breast(胸脯肉). But, even here, I found organs(器官)like the heart and lungs that had not been totally removed. Finally, I gave up and just focused on the rice instead. Afterward, I came to understand chicken is almost always served with the head in Chinese dishes. Although my tolerance for food has expanded since then, I will never forget the first time I ordered a whole chicken and got more than what I had expected. 1. Why did the author go to eat a whole chicken? A. He missed the food of his home country. B. He wanted to try Chinese-style chicken. C. He came across a unique restaurant. D. He liked its picture on the menu. 2. What shocked the author most? A. The chicken’s size. B. The chicken’s dark color. C. The chicken not being crispy. D. The chicken served with its head. 3. Why did the author give up eating the chicken finally? A. He disliked its taste. B. He preferred the rice. C. He found organs inside. D. He missed American food. 4. What does the author think of Chinese food in the end? A. Acceptable. B. Scary. C. Tasty. D. Comfortable. 5. What does the passage mainly talk about? A. Eating habits in China. B. Cooking style of Chinese chicken. C. My homesickness in China. D. My first taste of a chicken in China. Passage 3 （24-25学年高一下·江苏省苏州市星海实验中学·期中） There are decisions we take on instinct, without even realising we are taking them. Two years ago, I left Germany to do volunteering work. I had a couple of disappointing experiences and a boring job in front of me. It was time to go. I found an interesting contact in a small village in Portugal. In exchange for room and board, I would be working with animals in a residence that hosted families with disabled people. And there I went, with just a backpack I was ready to jump into a new adventure. There, I cared for the pets living next to the residents, cleaning their yard, preparing food and caring for them. Within a month I was in charge of all the other volunteers and the organization of the daily work. After 5 months, I left again and moved to Catalonia, in Spain, to live with an Irish family. They offered a roof and food on the passage of their house for abandoned animals I helped care for. During both experiences, I had the chance to discover beautiful little towns and lovely villages. In Portugal, I walked on the coastline and explored those little towns on the top of the dry hills. In Spain I visited Barcelona multiple times, discovering little by little all its corners. Sometimes, my volunteering experience was complicated. I didn’t speak any Portuguese and only a bit of Spanish. But life out there was simple. It was so different from what I used to call “home” before! Going back to previous habits took me time. If you’re wondering if an international volunteering year gap is worth it, despite the uncertain future and the social pressure, I say: go for it. Believe me, in various ways, you will be sure to return transformed, perhaps even improved to a superior version of your former self. With a bit of luck, you may also discover a new career path. 1. Why did the author choose to leave Germany to do volunteering work? A. To make a change. B. To gain living skills. C. To broaden his horizon. D. To add working experience. 2. What did the author mainly do during his trip? A. Running an organization. B. Attending to animals. C. Taking care of the disabled. D. Preparing food for volunteers. 3. Which of the following can best describe the author’s trip? A. Simple. B. Romantic. C. Adventurous. D. Rewarding. 4. Which of the following can be the best title? A. Instinct, a key step for new career B. Backpacking, a jump to a new adventure C. Gap year, an escape from the reality D. Volunteering, a journey of self-discovery 主题01 人与社会——艺术创新与文化遗产保护 Passage 1 （24-25学年高一下·江苏盐城东台市·期中） On the morning of November 13, a graceful violin melody flowed along the Qingdao seashore, blending(融合)perfectly with the rhythm of the ocean waves. The man playing the violin is Petar Kutin, a Bulgarian teaching music at Yew Chung International School of Qingdao. For Kutin, who has been extensively trained in Western music, Chinese music holds a special charm. He skillfully combines Chinese and Western musical elements and works with Chinese musicians to create original pieces. In one of his latest works, Kutin blends his violin with the erhu, alongside the sounds of frogs and birds, creating a harmonious and moving composition. “I believe that music is an incredibly powerful language that brings people together.” Kutin said. At Yew Chung International School of Qingdao, this philosophy comes to life. To help his students with diverse backgrounds overcome cultural shock and quickly adapt to the Chinese environment, Kutin arranges music pieces tailored to their abilities. “When students perform together, it promotes teamwork and allows them to express both their cultural identity and individuality. Playing together builds confidence, happiness, and a sense of belonging. Music truly bonds the performers.” Kutin said. Kutin also uses music to deliver meaningful messages to his students. He wrote the lyrics of a song about frugality together with the students, explaining what frugality means — reusing items instead of throwing them unnecessarily, avoiding waste. They turned this message into a song and then into a music video, which they play almost every week. In addition to his work at school, Kutin composes music for social causes. He has created several pieces to help people with mental disabilities relax and find comfort. “Music is constantly developing, and musicians must keep learning to grow.” he said. With a passion for creating and sharing, Kutin aims to promote deeper connections between people and cultures, contributing to a more harmonious and lively future through music. 1. What do we know about Kutin? A. He blends east and west in music. B. He received music education in China. C. He thinks nature is vital in Chinese music. D. He prefers Chinese music to Western music. 2. What is Kutin’s belief about music? A. Music enhances personal abilities. B. Music removes cultural differences. C. Music bears the magic to unite people. D. Music expresses the philosophy of life. 3. What can we learn from the example in paragraph 4? A. Kutin’s music is popular. B. Kutin’s music is emotional. C. Kutin’s music is instructive. D. Kutin’s music is traditional. 4. Which is the most suitable title for the text? A. A Song Of Nature B. A Rhyme Of Kindness C. A Tune Of Happiness D. A Symphony Of Harmony Passage 2 （24-25学年高一下·江苏连云港市赣榆区·期中） Deep in the Gobi Desert in Northwest China’s Gansu Province, remains of the Han Dynasty Great Wall stand firm. Two thousand years of sandstorms have not been enough to destroy it, nor is the heavy wind strong enough to prevent people from recalling the glory(光荣)of the ancient Silk Road. To keep this part of history alive, every possible way has been tried. A dozen miles away from the remains of Yumen Pass, Chen Wanying’s voice breaks through the sound of the visitors’ footsteps. She reminds the visitors of the notice from a small house and watches over their behaviour, in case they accidentally or unknowingly damage some remains. Chen and her husband Zhang Jianjun have been living on this land for more than ten years. They are under the control of the weather. Surface temperatures can reach nearly 60℃ during the hottest period of the year. They rely on solar power and a wireless network, and there’s no running water. The water from the well nearby is bearable for cooking, but they need to go elsewhere to get drinking water. Yet, Zhang Jianjun says, one of the most difficult aspects of their job is to keep wild animals away from the wall in the dead of night. Oxen, particularly, like to use the wall to lighten itches(痒)brought by insects. The couple often have to drive these animals away several times a night, but they never feel discouraged. It’s nearly time for Zhang Jianjun to retire from the job he’s been enthusiastic about. He says he wants to leave the site to his successors(继任者)undamaged and pass on the lessons he has learned to do the work well. 1. What can be inferred about the Han Dynasty Great Wall? A. Natural forces have destroyed it. B. It is located in a mild climate area. C. Action has been taken to keep it safe. D. Human activities are the biggest danger. 2. What is the biggest challenge the couple faces in their work? A. Finding clean drinking water. B. Driving away wild animals at night. C. Facing extreme heat during the day. D. Surviving without stable electricity. 3. What can be used to describe the couple? A. Clever and friendly. B. Ambitious and helpful. C. Determined and devoted. D. Responsible and thankful. 4. What is the best title for the text? A. Living Conditions of the Gobi Desert. B. Kind Couple Protecting Wild Animals. C. Glorious Memory regarding Ancient Silk Road. D. Protectors of the Han Dynasty Great Wall Ruins. 主题01 人与社会——善行义举 Passage 1 （24-25学年高一下·江苏省海安高级中学·期中） Teri Russo, who provided food, shelter and clothing for people with Down Syndrome(唐氏综合征), died at 82. She, an Advance Woman of Achievement who spent her life fighting for “the children of God”, believed that children with Down Syndrome(DS)were often treated badly and neglected based on what they look like. Ms. Russo devoted her life to disabled, abandoned children. Her motto was to live life to the fullest with love in your heart and a smile on your face and remember never to hurt anyone. Born in Rosebank, Ms. Russo was the eldest child of Dorothy and Louis Russo, who moved to Grasmere during the early 1950s. Educated at St. John Villa Academy, Ms. Russo then joined the U. S. Navy and went to California where she worked for children with Down Syndrome as a nurse. It was at that time that she first met children with Down Syndrome. In 1972, she started Down Syndrome Learning Center in Tottenville, but later, because of a lack of funding, she moved the school to her home. The program included kindergarten and graded elementary classes, as well as reading classes, a wood shop, day trips and a sleep away camp. Early on there weren’t too many programs for children with disabilities and they didn’t start school until they were 3 years old. Ms. Russo felt they were being cheated out of an education during the years that are the most developmental. Throughout the years, she applied to city and state officials for better programs for Down Syndrome children. Over the years she helped place a number of Down Syndrome children, including 11 from Willowbrook, in adoptive or foster families. She stressed parents shouldn’t be influenced by negative labels schools and medical professionals used in describing children’s abilities. “Professionals always tell you what they(DS children)cannot do,” she once said. “Keep them stimulated. You treat them more towards the normal, not the exception, and you will get more out of your child.” 1. What left children with Down Syndrome overlooked according to Ms. Russo? A. Their abilities. B. Their physical appearances. C. Their movements. D. Their disappointed parents. 2. What made Ms. Russo start Down Syndrome Learning Center? A. The internal calling to help. B. The availability of enough money. C. The repeated requests of parents. D. The growing number of DS children. 3. What does Ms. Russo want to convey in the last paragraph? A. Society needs to change the attitude towards DS children. B. Professionals often underestimate the DS children’s abilities. C. Parents should have faith in their children’s potential to encourage growth. D. Parents should accept their children’s limitations and provide special treatment. 4. What is the main idea of the text? A. Teri Russo devoted her life to fighting for DS children. B. A devoted nurse tried her best to explore Down Syndrome. C. Programs Teri Russo successfully started helped DS children. D. DS children face more challenges than normal people expect. Passage 2 （24-25学年高一下·江苏省常州市北郊高级中学·期中） Steve Bagmanyan found his calling in a workshop filled with broken instruments. But every year, the shop brings both joy and heartbreak. Due to budget cuts, the number of technicians has dropped from 60 to just 11, leaving them to repair instruments for more than half a million students in Los Angeles public schools. “The work we do is important and needs to be preserved, but it’s becoming a dying craft,” said Bagmanyan, 60, who runs the shop and handles piano repairs. “Children are our future, yet music programs are being cut across the country.” However, there is hope for the shop. The Last Repair Shop, a short documentary featuring Bagmanyan and three other technicians, recently won an Oscar for best documentary short film. The film combines their personal stories with reflections from students who have found comfort and joy in music. Few people even knew the shop existed before the documentary’s release. This workshop, in operation since 1959, is believed to be the last of its kind in the country. Bagmanyan and his team provide free instruments and repairs across the school district, often serving children from low-income families. For many of these children, public schools are their only source of musical instruments, which wealthier families can more easily afford. Since the release of the film, public support has soared. Donations have been made to fund more repairs and strengthen school music programs in Los Angeles. “People are inspired by what we do and want to support a dying art form,” said Ben Proudfoot, who co-directed the documentary. Bagmanyan knows that a poorly maintained instrument can discourage a child from learning. “If an instrument doesn’t work properly, a child might give up on music,” he said. “But when you know the instrument is going to a student who loves it, it’s impossible not to smile.” After 21 years of service, Bagmanyan says his cup is full, knowing that children may carry a love of music with them for a lifetime. “I was planning to retire,” he admitted. “But now I’ll rebuild the shop to what it once was and keep going a little longer.” 1. What is the challenge faced by Bagmanyan? A. Old instruments. B. Declining number of students. C. Low profitability. D. Shortage of skilled technicians. 2. What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A. The career achievements of Bagmanyan. B. The popularity of the documentary. C. The unique history of the school district. D. The importance of the repair shop. 3. How does the documentary impact the shop? A. It enhances the shop’s public image. B. It attracts new business opportunities. C. It helps sustain the shop’s operation. D. It provides education to the community. 4. What do the underlined words “his cup is full” in the last paragraph mean? A. He is ready to retire. B. He feels deeply satisfied. C. He is tired of the spotlight. D. He has become very wealthy. 主题02 人与自我——励志故事 （24-25学年高一下·江苏省马坝高级中学·期中） Many people, some even at a very young age, set the goal of graduating from college. One American woman in Texas waited a long time for her chance to reach that goal. Janet Fein, born in 1934, received her bachelor’s degree(学士学位)from the University of Texas in 2018. Fein has had a full life. She raised five children and then had a career as a secretary(秘书)until she retired at age 77. But even then, she was not ready to take it easy and rest during a well-earned retirement. She decided to major in sociology. Fein grew up in the Bronx area of New York City. In high school, she just wanted to finish and get a job. After graduating early, at the age of 16, she went to work as a secretary. After getting married, she spent 18 years staying home with her children. She held several jobs throughout her life, including being a secretary at a Dallas hospital. That is the job she retired from in 2011. She received an associate degree in 1995. But she also wanted to earn a bachelor’s degree. Fein took part in a state program that lets people who are 65 and older take free classes at public universities in Texas. She kept going to class even as her health condition worsened. During her studies, it became necessary for her to use a walker to get around and she required oxygen. She also developed knee problems. So, Fein took online classes to finish the last part of her degree requirements. Renee Brown is one of Fein’s caregivers. She says Fein has also inspired her. At 53, she plans to begin nursing school to further her career. Brown says Fein told her, “Renee, you can do it. If I can do it you also can do it, and you will feel so good about it.” 1. When did Janet Fein start to work? A. In 1952. B. In 1950. C. In 1995. D. In 2012. 2. What does she study for her bachelor’s degree? A. Sociology. B. Secretary. C. History. D. Health. 3. What does the underlined word “inspired” probably mean in the last paragraph? A. Shock. B. Disappoint. C. Employ. D. Encourage. 4. What can we learn from Janet Fein’s story? A. A friend in need is a friend indeed. B. It is never too late to learn. C. Practice makes perfect. D. When in Rome, do as the Romans do. 议论文 主题01 人与社会——教育，社交媒体&社会评价 Passage 1 （24-25学年高一下·江苏省扬州中学·期中） This might sound impossibly old-fashioned, but I still like the idea that education is about learning: facts, skills, culture, analysis, inspiration. It’s supposed to make us better citizens. But over the last decade, the goal of learning has given way to grades and degrees. The unfortunate result has been inflation(膨胀)of both. They rise ever higher; learning doesn’t. To avoid discouraging students, some school districts did away with D and F grades. Grade-point averages have consistently risen even though scores on nationwide standardized exams such as the SAT have not. It’s not that I think standardized tests are the final word in measuring excellence. But when the gaps between grades and test scores are this wide and consistent, parents and the public should not be fooled. That’s true not just of low-achieving students. In a 2023 survey, educators said that close to half of students argue for higher grades than they earn, and 8 out of 10 teachers give in. It’s hard to blame them: A third or more of students and parents disturb them when they don’t. Unearned grades are damaging in many ways. Some students, armed with good grades, march off to college to find themselves in remedial(补习的)classes because they haven’t learned enough to take college-level courses. Employers complain that high school and even college graduates lack basic skills needed in the workforce. There are also complaints from college professors that the students aren’t even good at reading books. Grade inflation has followed students into college. Some professors hesitate to grade accurately because of student evaluations, which are often more negative for tough graders. Remember that about 70% of college instructors are adjunct(兼职)professors who have few job protections. Many Ivy League students have learned to cherry-pick easy-grading professors. Yet a Brown University study found that students taking courses from professors with stricter grading standards learned more. We have to ask ourselves as a society: Do we want college to be a place of intellectual growth — or a performative exercise in grade fishing? 1. What are parents fooled into thinking? A. SAT is the best measure of their children's abilities. B. The purpose of education is to make better citizens. C. Grade-point averages are vital for college application. D. Children’s high grades reflect their exceptional abilities. 2. What is a consequence of grade inflation? A. Employers favor students with higher degrees. B. Graduates fall short of employers’ expectations. C. Remedial classes become required courses in college. D. Low-achieving students find it harder to enter college. 3. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. Tough graders desire job security. B. Strict grading promotes real learning. C. Student evaluations fuel intellectual growth. D. Easy-grading professors start grade inflation. 4. What is the best title of the text? A. The game of scores B. Today, Grade A is for average C. The force behind grade inflation D. Now, learning takes the front seat Passage 2 （24-25学年高一下·江苏省宿迁青华中学·期中） In 1999, a Japanese artist Shigetaka Kurita created his first set of emojis to be used on an emoji keyboard to deliver information in a simple way or provide context to text messages. This was a huge hit because these images helped bridge the gap between written and spoken communication. Little could he have known that the symbols he designed would become so popular that they’ve gone far beyond phones into apps, toys and more. So, could emojis become a global language? To some degree, they already are, but could they truly become a language for all human beings? Could they replace writing itself and we all just go with emojis? As emojis are images, their meanings can get across more easily to people from different cultures. They’ve been used in every country. They are becoming more nuanced(微妙的)and taking on varied meanings. They can be connected to create sentences as well, much like words. However, emojis are unlikely to become a global language. Emojis don’t have the depth and width of a written language. There is no grammar either, which allows for complex sentences in languages. It is also much harder to express abstract(抽象的)ideas through images alone, such as philosophy and cultural differences. Could emojis replace writing? That, too, is unlikely, Human thought is complex, often abstract and highly nuanced. Many fields such as law, science and technology require professional expressions that emojis can’t provide. Nor can emojis replace poetry and literature, important factors of human cultures and societies. While emojis may not become a global language or take the place of writing, it doesn’t make them any less important to humans. They can cross cultures and provide a way to show the beauty of common human values and feelings, as they already have. We all understand a smiley face and a heart or a broken heart. 1. Why were emojis first created? A. To make emoji keyboard a hit. B. To design popular images. C. To aid communication in texts. D. To apply them to apps and toys. 2. What is an advantage of emojis? A. They can express abstract ideas. B. They can take the place of writing. C. They can form complex sentences. D. They can be understood across cultures. 3. Why does the writer refer to law and science? A. To explain the weakness of emojis. B. To contrast with poetry and literature. C. To show professional usage of emojis. D. To stress human cultures and societies. 4. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. The Rise of Emojis B. The Limits of Emojis C. Emojis: Popular Symbols? D. Emojis: A Global Language? Passage 3 （24-25学年高一下·江苏省苏州市苏苑高级中学·期中） Lao Zi once said, “Care about what other people think and you will always be their prisoner.” People tend to gain self-worth through others’ approval(认可), which is a fruitless way to go through life. Why do we allow what others think of us to have so much power over how we feel about ourselves? If it’s true that you can’t satisfy all the people all the time, wouldn’t it make sense to stop trying? Unfortunately, sense often isn’t driving our behavior. For social beings who desire love and belonging, wanting to be liked and caring about the effect we have on others are healthy and allow us to make connections. However, where we get into trouble is when our self-worth is dependent upon whether we win someone’s approval or not. This need to be liked comes from when we were children and were completely dependent on others to take care of us. Small children are not just learning how to walk and communicate, they are also trying to learn how the world works. We learn about who we are based on communications with others. Thus, to a four-year-old, if Mommy or Daddy doesn’t like him or her, there is the danger that they will abandon them. We need to understand that when we anxiously want someone to approve of us, it’s being driven by that little kid part of us that is still terrified of abandonment. As you become more capable of providing yourself with the approval you find, your need for validation(确认)by others will start to disappear, leaving you stronger, more confident, and yes, happier in your life. Imagine how much time we lose each moment we restrain our real selves in an effort to be liked. So embrace the cliché(老话)and love your true self as it’s highly doubtful that you’ll regret it. 1. Why is Lao Zi’s quotation used in paragraph 1? A. To lead into the topic of this passage. B. To stress the importance of caring about others. C. To show us how to avoid being a prisoner. D. To introduce a famous historical figure. 2. What does the author say about why people expect others’ approval? A. They want to feel better than others. B. They are trying not to be abandoned. C. They believe it will bring them sense of pride. D. They consider that approval equals success. 3. What does the word “restrain” most likely mean in the passage? A. Express. B. Hide. C. Confirm. D. Reflect. 4. Which one is the most suitable title of this passage? A. The Power of Self-Worth. B. Childhood Shapes Behavior. C. The Importance of Approval-Seeking. D. Staying True to Yourself. 主题01 人与自我——励志故事，人生感悟 Passage 1 （24-25学年高一下·江苏南通·期中） Aaron Warren of Murfreesboro, Tennessee, is a shining example of resilience(坚韧)and positivity. Born with Spinal Muscular Atrophy(SMA), Aaron was never expected to live past his third birthday — but he just turned 27, ignoring the odds with his optimism(乐观). Marking his “golden birthday”, Aaron shared a joyful photoshoot with a bold balloon display reading “Disabled AF”. “I’ve officially lived to see 24 more birthdays than I was expected to see!” Aaron shared, adding. “If I had to sum up today in one word, it would be thankful.” He expressed gratitude(感恩)for his family, friends, business team, and even his trusty wheelchair — joking that it “kind of carries this whole operation.” He continued “Now, I’m off to celebrate with one of my favorite foods, lobster bisque soup. And if you happen to find a margarita(a strong drink)on my wheelchair tray... no you didn’t.” Beyond his enthusiasm(热情), Aaron is also a businessman making a difference. He founded Zipped Brands, a company that changes stylish name-brand shoes by adding zippers, making them easier to wear for people of all abilities. “Because of my disability and bent toes, wearing shoes — especially ones I loved — was nearly impossible,” Aaron shared. “I accepted that stylish shoes weren’t meant for me.” Then came a breakthrough: What if I could add zippers to my favorite shoe brands? That simple yet powerful idea sparked a business, ensuring that everyone, normal or disabled, has access to(可使用)fashionable footwear. Aaron’s story is a powerful reminder that resilience, humor, and gratitude can turn any challenge into an opportunity. He refuses to be defined by limitations, instead using his journey to uplift others — whether through his optimism or his business making life easier for people of all abilities. 1. What did Aaron Warren celebrate according to paragraph 3? A. His third birthday. B. The founding of Zipped Brands. C. His 27th birthday. D. The first time he had great foods. 2. What was the purpose of Aaron Warren founding Zipped Brands? A. To create jobs for disabled individuals. B. To earn more money to treat his disability. C. To raise public awareness of preventing SMA. D. To make stylish shoes accessible to more people. 3. Which of the following can best describe Aaron Warren? A. Energetic and responsible. B. Humorous and optimistic. C. Fashionable and easy-going. D. Sensitive and enthusiastic. 4. What can we learn from Aaron Warren’s story? A. Gratitude enriches life’s experiences. B. Disability limits personal achievements. C. Resilience overcomes life’s challenges. D. Creativity comes from personal fortune. Passage 2 （24-25学年高一下·江苏南通如皋市·期中） Thomas Hardy was born at Higher Bockhampton, Dorset, on June 2, 1840, where his father worked as a builder. From his father he found an appreciation of music, and from his mother an love of learning and the beauty of the countryside about his home. Due to his poor health, Hardy did not start school until he was eight. At 16, Hardy helped his father with architectural(建筑学的)drawings and then started to work for architects. Later he moved to London and began writing poems, but his works were not accepted by publishers. In 1870, he was sent to work in Cornwall. There he met his future wife Emma Gifford, who encouraged him in his writing. Hardy published his first novel Desperate Remedies in 1871. to public disinterest. But the following year Under the Greenwood Tree brought Hardy popular praise for the first time. As with most of his fictional works, this novel incorporated real places around Dorset, such as the village school that Hardy attended and the library he used to go. After Under the Greenwood Tree came A Pair of Blue Eyes. Once more Hardy drew on real life, and the novel mirrors his romance with Emma. Hardy followed this with Far from the Madding Crowd, set in Puddletown, near his birthplace. This novel finally brought Hardy the success that enabled him to give up his architectural practice and concentrate only on writing. The Hardys lived in London for a short time, then in Yeovil, then in Sturminster Newton, which Hardy described as “idyllic(田园诗般的)”. It was at Sturminster Newton that he penned The Return of the Native, one of his most enduring(持久的)works. In 1887, Hardy published The Woodlanders, a story about an honest woodsman in a small village. Then in 1891 one of his best works, Tess of the d’Urbervilles, came out, which was set mainly in the English countryside during the 19th century. Tess excited interest, but his next work, Jude the Obscure(1895), threw Hardy into a storm of controversy(争议), which made him turn away from fiction and focus on poetry for the rest of his life. 1. What do we know about Hardy? A. His writing started with poems. B. His wife Emma shared his interest. C. He was into drawing as a young man. D. He got fame at the first attempt of writing 2. What is closest in meaning to the underlined word “incorporated” in paragraph 3? A. Removed. B. Included. C. Changed. D. Ignored. 3. After which novel was Hardy fully devoted to writing? A. Jude the Obscure. B. A Pair of Blue Eyes. C. Tess of the d’Urbervilles. D. Far from the Madding Crowd. 4. What is the common element in most of Hardy’s novels? A. Campus life. B. Marriage life. C. Life in London. D. Life in the countryside. Passage 3 （24-25学年高一下·江苏南通海安市·期中） Jordan Chiles, a two-time Olympian and three-time World Championship medalist, has made history as part of the first all-Black group of gymnasts to medal at the 2022 U.S. Gymnastics Championships. Two years later, she repeated the accomplishment at the Paris Olympics, where she helped Team USA win gold and Chiles claimed bronze for her floor routine. However, not all of Chiles’s history-making moments have been celebratory. Shortly after earning her individual Olympic medal, the Court of Arbitration for Sport(CAS)removed her from the bronze, arguing that an inquiry from her coach Cecile Landi challenging her routine’s difficulty rating that increased her score hadn’t been made within the one-minute deadline. This controversial decision made Chiles heartbroken, and she shares the emotional journey in her memoir(回忆录), I’m That Girl: Living the Power of My Dreams. In her new memoir, she opens up about struggles few knew. As a gymnast with a more muscular body, she encountered self-image issues, worsened by harmful comments and unequal judging. She also reveals the emotional abuse she suffered from a former coach, referred to as “Coach X,” who criticized her body and caused her to develop an eating disorder. Despite these challenges, Chiles found support in her family and friends, including fellow gymnast Simone Biles. Biles encouraged her to train at the World Champions Centre after Chiles left Coach X. Their bond strengthened further through shared experiences, especially after the abuse case involving Larry Nassar, though Chiles and Biles never openly discussed it. Chiles’s journey also involved struggling with dark moments, including suicidal thoughts after a setback in her career. But through it all, she has found strength and healing. “Everything that happened shaped who I am today — a fighter still standing.” Now, she hopes her story helps others feel empowered to speak out about their struggles. Having moved on from the Olympic ruling, Chiles is focused on her future, balancing her college life at UCLA while keeping the door open for a potential return to the Olympics in 2028. “I’m just like you,” she writes. “Trying to strive for greatness.” 1. Why was Chiles’ bronze medal taken away after the Paris Olympics? A. Her coach’s inquiry about her score was submitted too late. B. She failed to meet the difficulty requirements of her routine. C. She disobeyed competition rules regarding her performance. D. She lifted difficulty levels without the permission of the CAS. 2. What was the little-known struggle Chiles shared in her memoir? A. Withdrawal of the bronze. B. Physical and mental suffering. C. Severe injuries during the training. D. The coach’s criticism for her irregular diet. 3. What does Chiles’s story mainly want to convey? A. What doesn’t kill you makes you stronger. B. Life journey is full of unavoidable hardship. C. True strength grows where loved ones support. D. Opportunities always favor the prepared minds. 4. What is the best title for this passage? A. Jordan Chiles’s Memoir: A Guide to Olympic Success B. The Dark Side of Competitive Sports: Abuse and Unfair Judging C. The Rise of a Gymnastics Champion: Jordan Chiles’ Olympic Journey D. Overcoming Adversity: Jordan Chiles’s Fight for Strength and Healing Passage 4 （24-25学年高一下·江苏扬州市邗江区·期中） The eyes of an artist are special. They can see things others can’t notice and create beautiful art forms from their imagination. In the case of 27-year-old Emily Shifflet, she creates her art literally using only her eyes, as she lives with Rett syndrome, a rare genetic and developmental disorder that limits speech and movement. “Although Emily lives with a condition that has silenced her, she is still able to communicate and express herself through art, and she is an example that people living with Rett syndrome can have lives filled with purpose and creativity,” said Emily’s mother, Jenny Shifflet. Emily creates her art using a special digital software operated by her eyes called Tobii Dynavox. She was able to learn and practice her painting by using the digital painter software on her communication device. Meghan Winslow, owner of a family art studio, said, “I love the diversity of the different designs based upon the different painting tools that she can select. It’s an amazing mix of science, technology and art.” Emily has always been exposed to music and art. Tobii Dynavox has really helped her communicate how she was feeling. The painting tool was truly a game-changer. “Emily could finally use the only muscle she has to be creative,” Jenny said. Jenny noticed the art Emily was creating a few years ago and thought they could make nice gifts. She now sells her one-of-a-kind artwork through her website, Eye Gaze Designs by Emily. “Her artwork is a gift,” Jenny said. “It is showing people that individuals with different abilities can be creative and successful in different ways. That’s what we want to show.” Emily’s artwork has also appeared in Hershey Medical Center and The Art of Pennsylvania. She also serves as a guest artist at SPLAT-A Family Art Studio in Annville and Hershey, Pennsylvania. She simply continues to shine. 1. What’s special about Emily Shifflet? A. She is able to paint with her eyes. B. She has trained many artistic talents. C. She is good at developing digital software. D. She can see herself reflected in artists eyes. 2. What do we know about Tobii Dynavox? A. It can assist in artistic creation. B. It’s a digital product of a painter. C. It can perform an eye operation. D. It’s a treatment for Rett syndrome. 3. Why does Jenny sell her daughter’s artwork online? A. To make it gifts for people in need. B. To raise money for people with disabilities. C. To inspire people to seek their own success. D. To invite people to take up art creation in life. 4. What does the text indicate? A. Art originates from life but is higher than life. B. Technology has made our life worth living. C. The early bird catches the worm. D. Technology breaks down barriers. Passage 5 （24-25学年高一下·江苏徐州市铜山区·期中） Carl Allamby started his car repair business at the tender age of 19. Over the years, it had grown into two shops with 11 workers, but Allamby had become uneasy, longing for something more. Therefore, at the age of 34, he decided to go for his bachelor’s degree in business management. After taking classes part-time over the next five years, Allamby was told he had to take biology to get his degree, which later turned out to be the best thing that ever happened. Biology classes reawakened a childhood dream that he had hidden somewhere deep within himself. Born in East Cleveland, Ohio, Allamby was raised by his stay-at-home mother and a father who sold home goods door-to-door. His school didn’t offer the advanced science classes that might have led him on a premed(医学预科的)path. Even if it had, doing well in school could prove dangerous. “You could get into a lot of trouble just for being the class nerd(讨厌的人),” Allamby said. So he set aside the thoughts of becoming a doctor and started fixing cars instead. But a different Carl Allamby walked into that biology class at age 39. He was ready to live his dream. With the support of his family he soon decided to skip business school to take science classes. Becoming a doctor was late and he would become a nurse instead, he reasoned. But Allamby’s chemistry professor told him “Why not a doctor? You have a great talent for the work. You will go a long way.” The professor was right and Allamby did very well. In 2015, Allamby cut ties with his past, and then he started at Northeast Ohio Medical University. In 2019, Carl Allamby became Carl Allamby, MD. He took a job in emergency medicine at Cleveland Clinic Akron General. “How many people can do something so brand-new at such a late stage in their life?” he said. “My age and past career are all good reasons why I shouldn’t be here. And yet, here I am.” 1. Why was taking biology “the best thing that ever happened” to Allamby? A. It ensured him a bachelor’s degree. B. It helped him realize his childhood dream about being a doctor. C. It brought about more profits in his business. D. It developed his potential to become a doctor. 2. What is the author’s purpose in writing Para.3? A. To describe Allamby’s difficulty in school. B. To introduce Allamby’s family background. C. To show how Allamby struggled in his childhood. D. To explain why Allamby once gave up his dream. 3. What do we know from the chemistry professor’s words? A. He acknowledged Allamby’s capability. B. He admired Allamby’s courage. C. He advised Allamby should aim lower. D. He assumed Allamby was too old to be a doctor. 4. What does Allamby’s story mainly tell us? A. Success often comes to those who dare to act. B. Education holds the key to success. C. It’s never too late to pursue your dream. D. A tough man can bear great suffering. Passage 6 （24-25学年高一下·江苏无锡宜兴市·期中） When I was 14, my parents made me volunteer at Greenfield Animal Shelter as punishment for skipping math class. “You need to learn responsibility, ” Mom said, handing me a brightly colored uniform that was too big. The shelter smelled like wet fur and disinfectant(消毒剂); and my job was cleaning cages—washing food from bowls and sticky floors. On my third Saturday, I noticed a golden retriever named Max. His cage card said his owner had passed away, and he’d been at the shelter for three months. Unlike other dogs, Max covered in the corner, shaking at every noise. When I entered his kennel, he flattened himself into a trembling pancake. “He’s sweet but scared of everything,” Ms. Torres, a shelter worker, told me. She showed me old injuries on his legs from when he’d tried to bite through the bars. I decided to spend my breaks with Max. At first, I just sat near his food bowl, reading aloud from a book. His breathing slowed to whispers. Soon, he let me touch his ears. When I dropped my keys, he stepped back but stayed. “You’re making progress,” Ms. Torres said one day. “But don’t get too attached. Dogs like him rarely get adopted.” I didn’t listen. I brought him a tennis ball, and we played fetch in the outdoor pen. His tail wagged a little more each time. One rainy day, he licked(舔)my hand, and I, with tears in my eyes, felt a lump in my throat. Then, one morning, a family stopped at Max’s kennel. The youngest girl called him a “golden cloud.” Max didn’t hide. He walked forward, tail wagging, and licked her fingers. As they filled out the adoption papers, I hid in the storage closet, hugging my knees. I heard their laughter, the jingle of Max’s new collar, and the sound of the door shutting. When I came out, Ms. Torres smiled. “You did good, kid,” she said. Max taught me that courage isn’t about being fearless – it’s about taking small steps toward something bigger. Now, whenever I’m scared to try something new, I remember his wagging tail and the day he trusted the world again. 1. Why did the author’s parents make her volunteer at the animal shelter? A. To correct her misbehavior. B. To encourage her to adopt a pet. C. To expose her to more job opportunities. D. To meet a requirement for her school course. 2. What does the word “covered” mean in paragraph 2? A. jumped excitedly B. hid up in fear C. barked loudly D. stared angrily 3. What was Max’s reaction when the little girl approached him? A. He became anxious and barked loudly. B. He grew braver and showed love. C. He tried to escape by biting through the bars. D. He remained in the corner, avoiding any interaction. 4. How did the author feel towards Max? A. Fearful and shy B. Impatient but sincere C. Caring and concerned D. Distant but thoughtful 5. What is the best title for the story? A. A Once Fearful Dog B. Small Steps to Courage C. A Day at the Animal Shelter D. The Importance of Responsibility 主题01 人与社会——新技术 （24-25学年高一下·江苏扬州高邮市·期中） Delilah was born in London, the capital city of England in 1968. When he was twelve years old, he went to Paris with an uncle. There, he finished his studies in marketing. After working as a casting director for nine years, Delilah got a job at Rue Dieulafoy. It is a popular place in Paris and many Parisian fashion designers like to go there. While working there and watching the customers, Delilah came up with the idea of making clothes for the European market. He wanted to give new life to the clothes that were sold in Africa. This idea started to become real. The England designer opened his first showroom. There, he began to sell his own brand of products. If you look carefully at the clothes in his showroom, you can see how special his design process is. He takes the clothes that come to Africa from Europe and the US through charities. Then he gives them a new look and sells them in France. Every year, a large amount of clothes are sent from Europe and the US to Africa. Just Italy sends more than 150 tonnes. The second-hand clothing market in Africa started because people wanted to help poorer countries. But it has two problems. First, many clothes can’t be used again. These clothes that no one buys make more waste. Second, since the late 1980s, too many second-hand clothes have come into the African market. This has made the African cloth industry face a big crisis and it is still having a hard time getting better. Delilah goes to Africa several times a year to buy second-hand clothes. In fact, 95 percent of the clothes he makes come from the markets in London. “We don’t want to teach people with fashion. Instead, we want to show them what they can do with what they have. Give me the clothes and I’ll show you how to wear them without having to buy new ones,” he said. The African designer’s words, which he said in an interview with the British broadcaster BBC, can show his idea. 1. What do you learn about Delilah from paragraph 1? A. He helped his uncle at Rue Dieulafoy. B. He worked at a nice place in Paris. C. He studied marketing for nine years. D. He became a casting director in London. 2. What is the idea behind Delilah’s clothing brand? A. The use of different clothes. B. The jobs of fashion designers. C. The importance of recycling. D. The value of good quality. 3. What can you infer about the second-hand clothes in Africa? A. They are a good way to help poorer countries. B. They have made the African industry grow fast. C. They have made clothes environmentally friendly. D. They have done no good to the African economy. 4. What is the main aim of this text? A. To tell the story of an excellent designer. B. To encourage more designers to be creative. C. To analyze the result of second-hand clothes. D. To help a designer’s fashion business grow. 主题03 人与自然——环境保护 Passage 1 （24-25学年高一下·江苏苏州·期中） On the blue ocean surrounding Weizhou Island in Guangxi, a group of volunteers are preparing to dive into the water. Huang Wen and his team have spent years planting, monitoring and surveying coral reefs(珊瑚礁)around the island, diving into the waters more than 500 times as part of efforts to restore its coral reefs. As a professor at the School of Marine(海洋的)Sciences at Guangxi University, Huang developed a strong interest in coral reefs during his diving trips in Malaysia, where he discovered a lively underwater world that looked like a magical aquarium(水族馆)filled with colorful coral. Those trips left a lasting impression on him. “I remember my first dive underwater at Weizhou Island in 2015. I was so disappointed to find low coral coverage,” recalled Huang, explaining why he joined the university’s team to make a change. Huang said that not only do coral reefs play an important part in keeping the balance of underwater ecosystem, but they also act as a protective barrier for natural disasters such as storms and tsunamis. “Coral reefs are the ‘Great Wall’ of the seabed, capable of keeping out 70% to 90%of wave impacts. Without them, the sandy coastal rocks are easily washed away,” explained Huang. Since the 1950s, global coral reef degradation has become increasingly severe, endangering their survival and leading to the marine life’s dying out. Under Huang’s guidance, the team has successfully grown more than 10 coral species and over 50,000 individual corals, marking great progress in their restoration efforts. Their hard work has resulted in a survival rate of over 80% for coral in the northern restoration zone, making coral communities thrive and attract diverse marine life. “I hope more people will join our cause to protect coral reefs,” Huang said, “In the future, our team will continue to perfect our technology and restore more damaged coral reefs. Once our experience on Weizhou Island matures, we plan to expand it to the South China Sea and even overseas.” 1. What drove Huang Wen to volunteer to protect coral reefs? A. His disappointment with the low coral coverage. B. His concerns for the island protection. C. His curiosity about the Marine life. D. His interest in coral reefs. 2. Why are coral reefs important according to the text? A. They can prevent natural disasters. B. They can restore the seabed. C. They can beautify the coastal rocks. D. They can block most wave impacts. 3. What does the underlined word “thrive” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Grow slowly. B. Live peacefully. C. Develop well. D. Survive narrowly. 4. What is the best title of this passage? A. Guardian of the Reef B. Underwater “Great Wall” C. Volunteer of Weizhou Island D. Endangered Underwater World Passage 2 （24-25学年高一下·江苏宿迁市沭阳县·期中） A strong 7.9 earthquake hit central Myanmar on March 28,2025, causing major damage in the area. The earthquake was centered near Mandalay, the country’s second-largest city. The number of deaths has reached 2,719, with 4,521 people injured and many more still missing. The disaster unfolded in two phases: the first earthquake destroyed buildings, roads, and bridges, while aftershocks continued to cause problems. The earthquake happened along the Sagaing Fault, where the Indian and Eurasian tectonic plates meet. Over many years, pressure built up between the plates and finally caused this earthquake. However, Myanmar’s old buildings, especially traditional ones made of wood and mud, were not strong enough to withstand the earthquake, which made the situation even worse. Countries around the world quickly sent help. China was one of the first to respond, sending rescue teams with medical supplies, shelter materials, and special equipment to find survivors. India, Russia, and Singapore also sent aid. The United Nations helped organize the aid efforts, showing that the world is united in helping Myanmar. However, rescuers faced many challenges. Roads and bridges were destroyed, making it hard to get aid to remote villages. There were also power cuts and communication problems. Bad weather made things worse, as rain could cause floods and spread diseases. Additionally, ongoing conflicts in northern Myanmar made it hard to get supplies to the affected areas, and hospitals in Mandalay were crowded with patients. Despite the difficulties, there were also stories of hope. Local volunteers worked hard to rescue people trapped in the rubble. In Mandalay, a pregnant woman was rescued after being trapped for 50 hours. Farmers and students also adapted quickly, planting crops in temporary fields and attending classes in tents. The earthquake showed Myanmar’s weaknesses, but it also showed the strength of the people and the world’s support. As aftershocks continue, Myanmar’s people are determined to rebuild their lives and hope for a better future. 1. What do we know about the earthquake on March 28, 2025? A. It is the strongest earthquake in history. B. It caused minor damage to the old buildings. C. The main quake destroyed many constructions. D. Pressure built up between the plates in aftershocks. 2. Which of the following is NOT a reason for the difficulties in rescue efforts? A. Affected areas. B. Power failures. C. Inaccessible roads. D. Communication problems. 3. Why does the author mention the story of a pregnant woman in the last paragraph? A. To compare victims from different jobs. B. To show the theme of hope and recovery. C. To explain the difficulty of rescue efforts. D. To give an example of the earthquake’s impact. 4. What’s the author’s tone in writing the article? A. Concerned. B. Doubtful. C. Critical. D. Objective. 议论文 主题01 人与社会——教育，社交媒体与日常交流 Passage 1 （24-25学年高一下·江苏省无锡江阴市六校联考·期中） To early childhood educator Erika Christakis, schooling and learning are two different things. According to one study she cites in her well-researched book, The Importance of Being Little 25% of Los Angeles kindergarteners were allowed no time at all for free play. Three and four-year-olds can make discoveries for themselves if given the mental space to do so and freed from typical overplanned activities. But too often teachers themselves are managed by higher-ups(with too much attention to details), expected to hew to fixed lesson plans, and given little flexibility. Some say they have little time to bond with their students. “Kids are being too much talked at rather than listened to.” This “crushes(毁坏)” their curiosity. In America, reading, writing, and the cognitive(认知的)demands that have been traditionally introduced in second or third grades have been pushed forward to preschools — to 3-year-olds “who lack the motor skills and attention span(持续时间)to be successful.” Christakis argues that forcing academic rigor(严格)at such an early age has led preschoolers to do worse, not better. She admires the philosophies of Waldorf and Steiner schools, which teach young children handiwork such as weaving or woodwork “as part of an imaginative and story-driven curriculum(课程).” They have nature outings for children aged three to six. They sleep in tents with only their teachers and other children(no texting nor parents allowed everywhere near for days). They learn from nature and everyday experience, invent their own games, choose their own playmates, and settle their own conflicts. They learn to dress themselves, make meals, and help one another. At night they sing around a campfire. Here at home, early education in Christakis’s telling seems to have been overtaken by well-intentioned politicians who don’t understand the first thing about how children actually learn. Alphabets, slogans, and rhymes on the walls are too much for “young children when they can’t even yet read.” Students need less “desk work” and vocabulary drills, she says, and more talking with and listening to adults who “invite the child to be reflective.” 1. Which of the following best explains “hew to” underlined in paragraph 1? A. Give up. B. Break up. C. Contribute to. D. Stick to. 2. What is Erika Christakis’s opinion on American preschool education? A. It focuses too much on traditional subjects. B. It negatively affects children’s development. C. It fails to teach children reading and writing skills. D. It is disconnected from the reality of primary schools. 3. What does paragraph 3 tell us about Waldorf and Steiner schools? A. They disallow texting in the classrooms. B. Their communication with parents is effective. C. They advocate an outdoor learning environment. D. Their courses rely heavily on teacher involvement. 4. What do children actually need according to Erika Christakis? A. Inspiring conversations. B. Appropriate learning resources. C. Repetitive reading exercises. D. Quality family time. 5. What is the main idea of this passage? A. Early education should stress structured academic lessons. B. Preschool policies are overly influenced by politicians. C. Nature-based activities are key to child development. D. Early education should stress play and exploration. Passage 2 As American high school and college students graduate and begin the next phases of their lives, one piece of advice they will undoubtedly receive is to follow their passions or something similar. It seems like fine guidance: Do something that feels true to yourself rather than meet people’s expectations. But is this really the case? To find out, we asked hundreds of undergraduate students which majors and careers they would choose if they followed their passions and which majors and careers they would choose if they prioritized salary and job security. We found that when it came to male-dominated fields like computer science and engineering, gender(性别)gaps were greater when students chose to follow their passions, with men disproportionately(不成比例地)choosing those fields. We also found that gender gaps in selecting future careers were smaller when we asked people of both genders to prioritize nurturing(养育)and emotionally supporting other people. Are we suggesting that women shouldn’t pursue their passions and should enter fields that they don’t really care about just to close gender gaps? Of course not. For one thing, traditionally feminine(女性的)work is important, and society needs people who are passionate about it and want to do it — including men. But what strikes us, based on this and other research, is that for many young people, passions seem to be based in large part on internalized societal expectations about what is appropriate for their gender rather than complete and accurate information about what, for example, studying computer science is really like. Our point is that the passions that young people are supposed to be following seem to be easily influenced. The “follow your passions” advice may appear to ask people what they want to do with their lives. But too often what they’re being asked to do is let their gender limit their choices. So let’s change what we say to high school and college graduates. Sure, you can follow your passions. But also keep an open mind and try things you may have ruled out without even realizing why. There may be more to be passionate about than you realize. 1. What is the most common advice American students receive when selecting their majors or careers? A. Choose what is in high demand. B. Choose what matches their interests. C. Choose what has a high earning potential. D. Choose what is popular among their peers. 2. What can we learn from paragraph 2? A. Gender gaps widened when students followed their passions in certain fields. B. Men and women showed equal interest in male-dominated career fields. C. Men and women performed differently when asked to support others. D. Men who followed their passions tended to avoid male-dominated fields. 3. What does the author suggest is a main issue with the “follow your passions” advice? A. It leads to the constant change of our passions. B. It sends wrong information about different fields. C. It doesn’t consider the importance of traditionally feminine work. D. It is actually influenced by societal expectations of different genders. 4. What is the career advice conveyed in the text? A. People should ignore their passions when selecting a career. B. People should have an open mind when selecting a career. C. People should focus more on job security than on their passions. D. People should make sure their passions are based on economic situation. Passage 3 （24-25学年高一下·江苏省盐城市五校联考·期中） The first time I heard about my classmates involved in social media was in the fourth grade. A few of my friends and some of my classmates had excitedly jump onto platforms like Instagram at such a young age. On the other hand, I hesitated. I only knew the basics, but was foreign to some words on social media. All throughout middle school, I stuck with the same thinking. And now as a freshman in college, I am looking back and wondering why I have never been naturally interested in social media. Scanning Instagram, you ought to find dozens of pictures of people in beautiful countries, taking part in exciting activities, and spending time with friends and family, among many other things. The thought of doing this never resonated with me. I respect and understand those who believe using social media allows them to express themselves and share aspects of their lives with others. However, I have never had any interest in doing the same. In my eyes, family gatherings and friend get-togethers are just as, if not more meaningful when not shared with others. Most people have experienced feeling insecure and unconfident on social media. Images that are changed represent unrealistic beauty standards that can only be obtained through dangerous ways. Even without using social media, I knew that using apps like Instagram and Facebook would make me embarrassed of all the aspects that make me a unique individual. I never wanted to look at a post on social media and immediately compare myself and my life. I constantly observe my classmates getting easily distracted(使分心)by social media. While trying to complete their homework, they have a powerful urge to open up Instagram or Facebook to see if there are any new messages. With homework and after-class activities consuming the majority of my day, I cannot wait to finish every task on my to-do list, so I can finally spend time with my family or have some time for myself to relax from my busy day. 1. What can we know from the first two paragraphs? A. Social media are popular with students. B. Young pupils benefit a lot from social media. C. The author has no access to social media. D. Social media contribute to students’ study. 2. The underlined part in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to “________”. A. drew on B. let down C. hid from D. appealed to 3. Why do people using social media might feel insecure? A. They follow other people’s beauty standards totally. B. Social media change the way they look at themselves. C. Social media encourage them to be a unique individual. D. They spend more time posting their images on social media. 4. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. A to-do list can stop people using social media. B. Social media can waste pepole’s valuable time. C. Spending time with family always ranks first. D. Students pay more attention to social media than to study. Passage 4 （24-25学年高一下·江苏省连云港高级中学·期中） “Sorry” has become common in daily conversations and communications. We say it for all sorts of things we really shouldn’t be sorry for. Is it time to stop? “I wasn’t really that sorry,” admits Louise Julig, a freelance writer, who found she was always apologizing for the “delay”(延迟)when replying to notes, even when there wasn’t much of a delay at all. “Sorry has lost its meaning, no longer a heartfelt regret but just a subconscious(下意识的)response,” said Louise Julig. Now, faced with a blank email, Ms. Julig asks herself, did I miss something, or do something wrong? If the answer is no, she’s not sorry. I understand very well how she feels. When I searched my sent emails for the phrase “Sorry for the delay”, the result was too many for Gmail to give me an exact number. I tried to cut back on my apologies. Mostly I failed, catching myself shouting sorry! I apologized to the person I contacted when I called three minutes later than I was supposed to; then I apologized for only being able to meet him on the day I suggested, not the other; I even apologized in advance for any discomfort I might cause to him during the conversation. While apologizing too much in daily life may not have serious consequences, doing so in business, especially when you’ve actually done something wrong, is just asking for trouble — you’re giving away your power, says Jeffrey Pfeffer, a professor at Stanford Graduate School of Business. People are never satisfied with an apology, he adds. Showing vulnerability only makes you look weak. Standing your ground and avoiding apologies come with risks. You might not be liked. But he thinks it’s worth it. 1. What did Louise Julig realize at last? A. She didn’t have to say sorry under many conditions. B. She couldn’t help but delay replying to others’ notes. C. She brought people trouble with delayed email reply. D. She had a misunderstanding of the meaning of “sorry”. 2. What does the author find difficult? A. Apologizing by making a phone call. B. Stopping someone from apologizing. C. Finding out why people often apologize. D. Reducing the frequency of her apologies. 3. What does the underlined word “vulnerability” mean in the last paragraph? A. Offense. B. Disability. C. Dissatisfaction. D. Weaknesses. 4. What does Jeffrey Pfeffer advise businessmen to do? A. To take others’ apologies seriously. B. To avoid offending people on purpose. C. To maintain power by avoiding apologies. D. To make sincere apologies when necessary. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $