第1讲 细节理解题-【领跑高中】2026年高考英语二轮专题复习学生用书Word（提升版）

第一讲　细节理解题 【即时演练】 语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四本与“善良”主题相关的书籍，包括它们的作者、体裁以及简要内容概述。 1.A　细节理解题。根据The Kindness Method： Change Your Habits for Good Using Self-Compassion and Understanding部分最后一句可知，在这本书中，Izadi运用她的治疗风格来帮助读者养成日常习惯，鼓励他们践行深度的自我同情。 2.C　细节理解题。根据Be Kind： A 52-Week Journal for Practicing Kindness部分中的Be Kind is a year-long journal ...可知，这本日记是为期一年的。 3.D　细节理解题。根据The Language of Kindness： A Nurse’s Story的介绍可知，作者Christie Watson有在新生儿护理病房当护士的专业经历，这本书是基于她在医疗护理方面的专业经验创作的。 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要围绕2024年全球电动汽车市场的销售趋势、中国市场的领先地位及其增长原因、电动汽车对全球石油消费的影响，以及未来一年的销售预期进行了详细阐述。 4.B　细节理解题。根据第一张图表中数据可知，2024年中国纯电动汽车销量是640万辆，2021年中国纯电动汽车销量是270万辆，所以增长了370万辆。 5.C　细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，价格竞争力的提升和政府支持（以旧换新计划）是中国电动汽车市场增长的重要原因。 6.C　细节理解题。根据第二张图表对四个国家的描述可知，越南的电动汽车销售份额增长17％，最为显著。 1 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 第一讲　细节理解题 　　细节理解题考查理解具体信息的能力，占阅读总题量的60％左右，是最重要的得分点。考查类型主要有直接信息题、间接信息题、综合信息题以及数字计算题等。近几年，细节理解题的考查方式更灵活，设问形式有所创新，在文中的答题信息变得较为隐蔽，有时要将多个信息（有时需要跨段落寻找）综合起来才可得出答案。 设题 方式 常使用特殊疑问句形式 以when， where， what， which， who， how， why等疑问词引出的问题 偶有填空形式 如：[2024·1月浙江卷阅读D 33题] According to paragraph 3， there is a mismatch between 　　　　　　. 正确选 项特征 原文原词 直接利用原文原词作为正确选项 同义替换 指对原文句子中的关键词进行同义替换。如把lose one’s job换成be out of work。有些细节理解题把原文中的一些词变换一下词性，如把important变换成of importance；改变原文中句子的语态，如主动语态与被动语态的转换 信息归纳 用精练的语言来概括原文中比较分散或复杂的信息，设置为正确选项 正话反说 把原文中的意思反过来表达而成为正确选项 干扰选 项特征 张冠李戴 是原文信息，但不是题目要求的内容 无中生有 符合常识，但不是文章的内容 似是而非 与原文内容极其相似，但细微处与原文有出入 颠倒是非 在意思上与原文大相径庭甚至完全相反 正误参半 与原文内容部分吻合，部分相悖 考查点一　直接信息题 【解题思维】 【真题例析】 　　（2025·全国二卷阅读A节选） 　　Shrewsbury， Shropshire 　　Getting to Shrewsbury Town Center from London is challenging but worth the anxiety.The River Severn has a significant turn through town， almost making an island of Shrewsbury Town Center.The shape creates a perfect market where goods could be shipped and received using the river as a highway.Flowers are everywhere — hanging baskets， window boxes， and planters — just what you imagine in an attractive English market town. 22.What is a feature of Shrewsbury Town Center？ A.It’s situated near a big island. B.It’s almost surrounded by water. C.It’s known for its flower festival. D.It’s easily accessible from London. 定：题干的关键词Shrewsbury Town Center 找：答题信息句The River Severn has a significant turn through town， almost making an island of Shrewsbury Town Center.The shape creates a perfect market where goods could be shipped and received using the river as a highway. 比对：根据答题信息句可知，塞文河在流经小镇时出现一个明显的转弯，几乎将什鲁斯伯里镇中心变成一座孤岛。这种地形造就了一个绝佳的集市，在这里，人们可以借助这条河流作为运输通道来收发货物。由此可知，什鲁斯伯里镇中心几乎被水包围。 自主解答：B 考查点二　间接信息题 【解题思维】 【真题例析】 　　（2025·全国一卷阅读C节选）While safety improvements might have been made to our streets in recent years， transport studies also show declines in pedestrian （行人） mobility， especially among young children.Many parents say there’s too much traffic on the roads for their children to walk safely to school， so they pack them into the car instead. 28.What phenomenon does the author point out in paragraph 1？ A.Cars often get stuck on the road. B.Traffic accidents occur frequently. C.People walk less and drive more. D.Pedestrians fail to follow the rules. 定：题干的关键词phenomenon 转换：答题信息句While safety improvements might have been made to our streets in recent years， transport studies also show declines in pedestrian （行人） mobility， especially among young children.和so they pack them into the car instead指向选项C，且walk less是declines in pedestrian （行人） mobility的同义互换。 比对：交通研究也表明行人的流动性下降，尤其是较小的儿童。许多家长说，路上的交通太拥挤，他们的孩子无法安全步行上学，所以他们把孩子塞进车里。由此可知，作者指出的现象是人们步行减少、开车增多。 自主解答：C 【名师点津】 关键词的三种转述方式 1.词汇转化：①原文关键词的同义词/近义词/反义词；②利用词形转换确定原文关键词的同源词；③原文关键词的词性变化。 2.句式转换：①改变原文句子的语态；②对原文信息逆向转述，即正话反说。 3.语言简化概括：①对原文中较为复杂的表述进行简化；②对原文信息进行综合概括。 考查点三　综合信息题 【解题思维】 【真题例析】 　　（2024·全国甲卷阅读B节选）Animals can express their needs using a lot of ways.For instance， almost all animals have distinct vocals （声音） that they rely on to either ask for help， scare away any dangerous animals or look for shelter.But cats are special creatures who possess amazing vocalization skills.They are able to have entire conversations with humans using meows and you’re able to interpret it.If a pet cat is hungry， it will keep meowing to attract attention and find food.However， when a cat is looking for affection， they tend to produce stretched and soft meows.Meowing starts as soon as a baby cat is brought to life and uses it to get the mother’s attention and be fed. 24.What can be learned about cats’ meowing from the first paragraph？ A.It’s a survival skill. B.It’s taught by mother cats. C.It’s hard to interpret. D.It’s getting louder with age. 分析题干：确定题干的关键词cats’ meowing。 综合概括：根据Animals can express their needs using a lot of ways.For instance， almost all animals have distinct vocals （声音） that they rely on to either ask for help， scare away any dangerous animals or look for shelter.可知，动物依靠声音来寻求帮助、吓跑危险的动物或寻找庇护；根据Meowing starts as soon as a baby cat is brought to life and uses it to get the mother’s attention and be fed.可知，猫宝宝一出生就开始喵喵叫是为了引起猫妈妈的注意并得到食物。综合以上细节，猫叫声是一种生存技能。 自主解答：A 考查点四　数字计算题 【解题思维】 【真题例析】 　　（2025·全国一卷阅读A节选） Moving goods and people around the world is responsible for a large part of global CO2 emissions （排放）.As the world races to decarbonize everything， it faces particular problems with transportation — which accounts for about a quarter of our energy-related greenhouse gas emissions.Here’s the breakdown of the emissions in 2018 for different modes of transport. 21.What percentage of global transport emissions did road vehicles account for in 2018？ A.11.6％. B.45.1％. C.74.5％. D.86.1％. 定：确定题干的关键词road vehicles account for in 2018 分析：根据关键词找图表信息的相关数据。 推算：根据图表信息ROAD VEHICLES部分中ROAD （PASSENGER） 45.1％以及ROAD （GOODS）29.4％可知，道路车辆总占比为45.1％＋29.4％＝74.5％，即道路车辆在2018年全球交通排放中占比74.5％。 自主解答：C 【名师点津】 关注特殊数字信息 1.特殊数字：decade 十年；fortnight两星期；overnight一夜；double 两倍；couple 两个；dozen十二个；score二十个。 2.特殊词汇：for free/free of charge 免费；off减价的；discount折扣。 　　 A 　　（2025·广东湛江二模）Whether you’re a fan of memoirs （回忆录）， self-help books， or page-turning bestsellers， this reading guide has a little bit of something for everyone looking for gentle reminders that kindness is alive and well. The Kindness Method： Change Your Habits for Good Using Self-Compassion and Understanding By Shahroo Izadi Genre： Self-Help 　　Behavioral Change Specialist Shahroo Izadi has dedicated her life to working in support groups and recovery houses for young women.Here， Izadi uses her therapeutic （治疗的） style to create daily habits that encourage readers to practice radical self-compassion. Be Kind： A 52-Week Journal for Practicing Kindness By Houston Kraft Genre： Activity Journal 　　From creating a shared playlist with an old friend to leaving thoughtful voicemails to family members， Be Kind is a year-long journal that encourages readers to incorporate random acts of kindness into their day-to-day lives. The Good Neighbor： The Life and Work of Fred Rogers By Maxwell King Genre： Biography 　　As the creator and host of Mister Rogers’ Neighborhood， Fred Rogers inspired generations of children to move through the world with curiosity and empathy.Across 416 pages， Maxwell King takes on the mighty task of capturing a beloved figure’s life in words and painting an inspiring tale for readers. The Language of Kindness： A Nurse’s Story By Christie Watson Genre： Memoir 　　After spending twenty years as a nurse in a neonatal （新生儿的） care unit， Christie Watson stitches together heartbreaking anecdotes that show compassion in action as she pens a moving memoir on her days providing vital care to families in their most vulnerable moments. 1.What can we know about Shahroo Izadi’s book？（　　） A.It focuses on daily habits. B.It is designed for teenagers only. C.It stresses the importance of teamwork. D.It is practical to build physical fitness. 2.How long does the journal Be Kind last？（　　） A.A week. B.A month. C.A year. D.52 days. 3.Which book is based on the author’s professional experience in medical care？（　　） A.The Kindness Method. B.Be Kind. C.The Good Neighbor. D.The Language of Kindness. B 　　（2025·河北A9联盟联考） Trends in electric car markets 　　Electric car sales topped 17 million worldwide in 2024， rising by more than 25％.And China maintained its lead among major markets， with electric car sales over 11 million. 　　Among them， sales of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles （PHEV） have been growing faster than sales of battery electric vehicles （BEV）.The acceleration of PHEV sales in China led the share of BEV sales to fall slightly in 2024， though in absolute terms EV sales increased sevenfold over the same period， demonstrating their continued appeal to new customers. 　　The growth in China reflects in no small part the growing price competitiveness of battery electric cars with conventional cars in the country.In addition， China’s electric car market benefited from the government’s trade-in scheme in April 2024. 　　Besides， recent years have seen the birth of several new electric car brands in emerging markets in Asia.And they are seeing local and even international success.Here are displays for electric car sales share in some selected countries in 2024. 　　Notably， the rapid growth in electric car sales over the past years has had a significant impact on the global oil consumption： The global stock of electric cars replaced over 1 million barrels per day of oil consumption in 2024. 　　For the full year 2025， electric car sales are expected to increase by 25％ globally， which is similar to the growth rate from the 2024.As a result， electric car sales top 20 million worldwide.While sales volumes may be impacted by economic and policy uncertainties， more than one in four cars sold in 2025 is expected to be electric. 4.How much did the sales of BEVs in China increase in 2024 compared to 2021？（　　） A.1.5 million. B.3.7 million. C.5.9 million. D.6.4 million. 5.What contributed to China’s EV market growth in 2024 according to the text？（　　） A.The innovative designs of electric cars. B.The expansion of the overseas market. C.Price competitiveness and government support. D.The explosive growth in the sales of PHEVs. 6.Which country saw the largest increase in electric car sales share in 2024？（　　） A.Indonesia. B.Malaysia. C.Vietnam. D.Türkiye. 单词 聚焦 A reminder n.提醒物　　random adj.随机的　　curiosity n.好奇心　　compassion n.同情心 B acceleration n.加速　　　competitiveness n.竞争力　　　sevenfold adj.七倍的 adv.七倍地 熟词 生义 A style （常用义） n.风格，样式　　　（文章义） n.方法，方式（指专业领域的工作风格） host （常用义） n.主人；东道主（文章义） n.（电视或广播的）节目主持人 paint （常用义） v.绘画；涂色（文章义） v.描绘，刻画（用语言或文字描述） pen （常用义） n.笔；钢笔（文章义） v.撰写，写作（非正式用法） B share （常用义） v.分享　　　　　　　 　（文章义） n.份额 fall （常用义） v.掉落；跌倒 n.秋天（文章义） v.下降 词块 积累 A gentle reminders 温和的提醒　　　　random acts of kindness 随意的善举 a beloved figure 深受爱戴的人物heartbreaking anecdotes 令人心碎的轶事 B plug-in hybrid electric 插电混合动力trade-in scheme 以旧换新计划 难句 解码 A [After spending twenty years as a nurse in a neonatal care unit]， Christie Watson stitches together 　　　　　　　　状语 heartbreaking anecdotes （that show compassion in action） [as she pens a moving memoir on her 　　　　　　　　　　　that引导的定语从句　　　　　　　as引导的时间状语从句 days providing vital care to families in their most vulnerable moments]. 在新生儿护理部门当了20年护士之后，克里斯蒂·沃森将令人心碎的轶事缝合在一起，在行动中表现出同情心，她写了一本感人的回忆录，讲述了她在那些家庭最脆弱的时刻提供重要护理的那些日子。 提示：完成课后作业　第一部分　专题一　第一讲 1 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $