专题05 阅读理解（记叙文）（期中真题汇编，浙江专用）高一英语下学期

专题05 阅读理解（记叙文） 主题01 人与自我 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·浙江温州·期中）While college graduation often marks the end of a long adventure, it was just the beginning for recent college graduates Sarah Harper and Sarah Brightfield. Ten days after Harper graduated in July 2023, the couple began a 463-day journey throughout all 50 states and eight Canadian provinces with their yellow camper van (野营车), Peace Blossom. Brightfield began dreaming of vanlife in 2019 during her first road trip in a rented camper van. Harper, on the other hand, had never been camping before. Harper had an interest in travel and adventure but never expected that would come in the form of a camper van. The couple first took short trips, starting with a week-long road trip to the Upper Peninsula of Michigan in August 2020. After this, they gradually increased the length of time of their road trips, visiting famous national parks in places like Utah, Wyoming, Colorado and Arizona for two to three weeks at a time. Finally, they decided to set out on the trip of a lifetime following Harper’s graduation. They hit the road with clothes for all seasons and no expectations. The trip literally started with a loud noise, as Peace Blossom’s brake (刹车) lines went out while the two were leaving Kansas City at the trip’s start. To make matters worse, the two decided to ride their bikes around town while waiting on the van repairs, but the bikes were stolen after Brightfield and Harper parked them in a friend’s driveway when they went inside to change clothes. Luckily, they received much help on the rest of their trip. Strangers offered them places to stay, wash clothes and take showers. In Arizona, a man named Dusty pulled them out of a sand dune (沙丘). During the trip, they saw social justice (公正) history at the Emmett Till Memorial in Mississippi. They also saw the real-life effects of climate change during the serious wildfires in Washington State. Brightfield, who studied civil engineering and water quality in college, was attracted to see issues about water resources on the road. 1．What do we know about the couple’s trip from paragraph 1 and 2? A．It was inspired by a national park visit. B．It began immediately after high school. C．It was Brightfield’s dream but new to Harper. D．It lasted more than a year throughout America. 2．What challenge did the couple face right after starting their trip? A．Difficulty in finding a camper van. B．Being stuck in the extreme weather. C．Theft of their bikes during van repairs. D．The van’s breakdown due to engine failure. 3．Why does the author mention Dusty in the last paragraph? A．To show the challenges the couple faced. B．To show the kindness the couple received. C．To stress the important role strangers played. D．To compare the people in Arizona to those in Kansas. 4．Which of the following best describes the couple’s trip of a lifetime? A．Romantic B．Interesting. C．Comfortable. D．Educational. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．B 4．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。大学毕业生Sarah Harper和Sarah Brightfield驾驶露营车开启463天美加之旅，途中遇挑战，也收获善意与见闻。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Brightfield began dreaming of vanlife in 2019 during her first road trip in a rented camper van.(Brightfield在2019年第一次租用露营车公路旅行时，就开始梦想房车生活。)”和第三句“Harper, on the other hand, had never been camping before. Harper had an interest in travel and adventure but never expected that would come in the form of a camper van.(另一方面，Harper以前从未露营过。她对旅行和冒险感兴趣，但从未想过会以露营车的形式实现。)”可知，房车旅行是Brightfield的梦想，而Harper对此毫无经验。故选C。 2． 细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“To make matters worse, the two decided to ride their bikes around town while waiting on the van repairs, but the bikes were stolen after Brightfield and Harper parked them in a friend’s driveway when they went inside to change clothes.(更糟糕的是，两人决定在等待修车时骑自行车绕城，但Brightfield和Harper把自行车停在朋友的车道上进去换衣服时，自行车被盗了。)”可知，修车期间他们的自行车被盗。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“Luckily, they received much help on the rest of their trip.(幸运的是，他们在剩下的旅程中得到了很多帮助。)”和后文“Strangers offered them places to stay, wash clothes and take showers. In Arizona, a man named Dusty pulled them out of a sand dune.(陌生人给他们提供住宿、洗衣服和淋浴的地方。在亚利桑那州，一个叫达斯蒂的人把他们从沙丘里拉了出来。)”可知，作者提到达斯蒂是为了举例说明旅途中陌生人给予的帮助，体现陌生人的善意。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“During the trip, they saw social justice history at the Emmett Till Memorial in Mississippi. They also saw the real-life effects of climate change during the serious wildfires in Washington State. Brightfield, who studied civil engineering and water quality in college, was attracted to see issues about water resources on the road.(旅途中，他们在密西西比州的埃米特・蒂尔纪念馆了解了社会公正历史。他们还在华盛顿州的严重野火中看到了气候变化的现实影响。 Brightfield在大学学习土木工程和水质，她在路上看到了水资源问题，对此很感兴趣。)”可知，两人在旅途中接触到社会、环境、资源等领域的知识和现实问题，旅程具有教育意义。故选D。 Passage 2 （24-25高一下·浙江·期中）“Lei ming m ming baak ngo gong ge waa ah? Do you understand what I am saying?” I stare back at the speaker blankly, my lips parted, the ideas clear in my mind but a response unable to express itself in a language in my distant range. After an uncomfortable pause, a few words came out of my mouth, sounding forced and unnatural. The anecdote (轶事) above is a semi-conversation I had in Malaysia years ago. A three-week stay in Malaysia once every few years was often the best part of my summers - what more can you ask from a food heaven? But besides the family, food, and escape that Malaysia offered, trips also brought mixed feelings of guilt (愧疚) that I just couldn’t seem to translate. For one month every few summers, I got a taste of what it feels to be an outsider in my own culture, looking in. I was a girl lost in translation, quietly absorbing the various tongues shouted in the wet markets, and nodding along at my grandparents’ huge family dinners. In America though, I am a different person. I don’t think twice about my grammar when speaking. I don’t struggle with the words and fear that my stories won’t get through to people. So as a native English speaker, I do not have to worry daily about whether I’m judged for having an accent or whether I’m misunderstood across languages. In Malaysia, I naturally burst out “have you eaten?” instead of recalling the Malaysian expressions “you makan already?” In Malaysia, everything about the way I speak — my accent, intonation, sentence structure, slang — gives me away. My American-ness is seen in the way I talk, dress, and act. Maybe my face could pass for a Malaysian local, but once I open my mouth to speak I am so clearly not. It is uncomfortable and awkward, and sometimes I wonder if I did not look Asian at all would it be better, since there would be no more language expectation for me than for a white tourist. 1．Which of the following can best describe the author in the anecdote? A．Awkward. B．Anxious. C．Confident. D．Upset. 2．What made the author feel guilty according to Paragraph 2? A．Enjoying Malaysian food too much. B．Short visits causing family distance. C．Failing to translate dialects at markets. D．Cultural disconnect during family time. 3．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．The author avoids speaking in Malaysia. B．The author feels trapped by language. C．The author prefers American identity. D．The author’s face causes confusion. 4．What does the text mainly talk about? A．Food culture in Malaysia. B．A girl between two cultures. C．Challenges from learning Malay language. D．Differences between American and Malaysian cultures. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述在马来西亚因语言和文化差异感到隔阂，在美国则自如，展现其在两种文化间的挣扎与身份困境。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段“I stare back at the speaker blankly, my lips parted, the ideas clear in my mind but a response unable to express itself in a language in my distant range. After an uncomfortable pause, a few words came out of my mouth, sounding forced and unnatural.(我茫然地盯着演讲者，嘴唇张开，脑海中的想法很清晰，但我无法用远处的语言表达出来。在一段不舒服的停顿之后，我嘴里说了几句话，听起来很勉强，很不自然。)”可知，作者在轶事场景中表现出明显的尴尬。故选A项。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“But besides the family, food, and escape that Malaysia offered, trips also brought mixed feelings of guilt (愧疚) that I just couldn’t seem to translate. For one month every few summers, I got a taste of what it feels to be an outsider in my own culture, looking in. (但除了马来西亚提供的家庭、食物和度假之外，旅行也带来了复杂的内疚感，我似乎无法翻译。每隔几个夏天，我都会有一个月的时间来体验作为自己文化中的局外人的感觉。)”可知，作者的愧疚源于在家庭团聚时无法融入文化，产生疏离感。故选D项。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段“In Malaysia, everything about the way I speak — my accent, intonation, sentence structure, slang — gives me away. My American-ness is seen in the way I talk, dress, and act. Maybe my face could pass for a Malaysian local, but once I open my mouth to speak I am so clearly not. It is uncomfortable and awkward, and sometimes I wonder if I did not look Asian at all would it be better, since there would be no more language expectation for me than for a white tourist.(在马来西亚，我说话的方式——我的口音、语调、句子结构、俚语——都暴露了我。我的美国风格体现在我的言谈、穿着和行为上。也许我的脸可以被误认为是马来西亚当地人，但一旦我开口说话，我就很明显不是了。这让我感到不舒服和尴尬，有时我想知道，如果我一点也不看亚洲人，那会更好吗，因为对我来说，没有比白人游客更多的语言期望了。)”可推断，作者因语言差异无法被当地文化接纳，感到被困在两种身份之间。故选B项。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，全文通过作者在马来西亚因语言和文化差异产生的隔阂，以及在美国作为母语者的自如，展现了她在两种文化间的挣扎与身份认同困境。所以B选项A girl between two cultures.(夹缝中的双文化女孩) 涵盖核心矛盾。故选B项。 Passage 3 （24-25高一下·浙江·期中）One of the basic expectations the public have of doctors is honesty. But what would you think if I told you that research has shown that 70 percent of doctors admitted to lying to their patients? This seems unimaginable but I have told lies to several patients whose spouses (配偶) had died. Mrs. Walton was in her eighties and desperate to see her husband. She’d been in hospital after a fall and was in pain. She called out for him frequently and couldn’t understand why he wasn’t there to comfort her. She was becoming more upset and would try to get up to find him, in spite of being at risk of falling again. “He’s on his way, don’t worry,” the nurses would say and this would calm her down. She’d smile and roll her eyes and say how he was always late for things and tell the same story about him being late for their wedding nearly 60 years ago. Part of the natural history of many of the dementias (痴呆), in particular Alzheimer’s disease which is what Mrs. Walton had, is that the sufferer loses their memory of recent events, but retains memories from the distant past. Sufferers are trapped forever in a puzzling past. It is strongly upsetting and tormenting. Many of the behavioral difficulties that I have seen in those with dementia relate to them feeling scared and confused that they are surrounded by strange people, even when they are surrounded by their family, because they have regressed back to decades ago. They look at their adult children confused and wonder who they could be because they think their children are still toddlers (幼童). How does one address this? I have had countless families break down in tears in clinics, not knowing what to say or how to react as their loved one moves further and further away from them back into their distant past and they are left behind in the present. The lies that doctors and nurses tell these patients are not big, elaborate lies — they are brief confirmations intended to comfort and allow the subject to be swiftly changed. It is, when done in the right way, kind and compassionate. Sometimes, honesty is simply not the best policy. 1．Why did the nurses lie to Mrs. Walton? A．To persuade her into taking medicine. B．To comfort her and change the subject. C．To stop her complaining about her husband. D．To bring her back to memories of old times. 2．Which of the following has the closest meaning to the underlined word in paragraph 3? A．Painful. B．Frightening. C．Regretful. D．Confusing. 3．What can we infer from the text? A．The majority of the doctors are absolutely honest with their patients. B．People suffering from dementias are stuck in distant memories. C．Patients with dementias are usually frightened by unfamiliar people. D．Individuals undergoing dementias are left behind by their loved ones. 4．What’s the author’s attitude towards doctors telling lies to certain patients? A．Disapproving. B．Neutral. C．Indifferent. D．Supportive. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．B 4．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章通过讲述Walton夫人的故事告诉我们，出于善意和同情，医生可以对病人说谎。 1．推理判断题。根据第二段中“She was becoming more upset and would try to get up to find him, in spite of being at risk of falling again. ‘He’s on his way, don’t worry,’ the nurses would say and this would calm her down.(她变得越来越不安，尽管有再次摔倒的危险，她还是会试图爬起来找到他。‘他在路上了，别担心，’护士们会说，这能让她平静下来)”和最后一段中“The lies that doctors and nurses tell these patients are not big, elaborate lies — they are brief confirmations intended to comfort and allow the subject to be swiftly changed.(医生和护士告诉这些病人的谎言并不是大而复杂的谎言——他们只是为了安慰和迅速转移话题而做的简短确认)”可推知，护士们对Walton夫人撒谎是为了安慰她，转移话题。故选B项。 2．词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句“Sufferers are trapped forever in a puzzling past. It is strongly upsetting and tormenting.(患者永远被困在令人困惑的过去。这是非常令人不安和tormenting)”中“trapped forever in a puzzling past”以及划线词和形容词“upsetting”并列可推知，划线词tormenting意为“痛苦的”，与painful同义。故选A项。 3．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Part of the natural history of many of the dementias (痴呆), in particular Alzheimer's disease which is what Mrs. Walton had, is that the sufferer loses their memory of recent events, but retains memories from the distant past. Sufferers are trapped forever in a puzzling past.(许多痴呆症，尤其是Walton夫人所患的阿尔茨海默氏症，其自然历史的一部分是，患者失去了对近期事件的记忆，但保留了对遥远过去的记忆。患者永远被困在令人困惑的过去中)”可推知，患有痴呆症的人被困在遥远的记忆中。故选B项。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“It is, when done in the right way, kind and compassionate. Sometimes, honesty is simply not the best policy.(如果使用正确，谎言也是善良和富有同情心的。有时，诚实并不是上策)”可知，作者认为医生对病人说谎，只要使用恰当就有其积极意义，所以他对此持支持态度。故选D项。 Passage 4 （24-25高一下·浙江·期中）Charles Lloyd, the eighty-four-year-old vintage musician who not only toured Europe this summer but is also releasing three new albums, each recorded with a different trio (三重奏) — “Trio of Trios.” Lloyd was recently in town, and on a steamy Sunday night he played a sold-out two-and-a-half-hour show, performing with one of his trios, held in Sony Hall, a Times Square basement space. Lloyd is a young person in an old person’s body with a passion for music since his youth. When he grew up, his mother provided accommodation for performers who were banned from local hotels, Duke Ellington among them. As a boy fond of instrument at the age of three, Lloyd was in heaven. He said, “I would wait for those guys to get up in the morning because I had so many questions.” One day, his mother told Ellington that her son wanted to be a musician. But Duke said, “No, he has to be a doctor, lawyer, or Indian chief, because this stuff is too hard — the life. Don’t let him do it.” But by that time, Lloyd was bit by the cobra, and there was no turning back. After some apprenticeships, he formed a band in 1965, with Keith Jarrett, then an unknown, on piano. The group had multiple gold records on Atlantic, and even played in San Francisco in 1967. But His career was not all smooth sailing. For much of the seventies and eighties, he holed up for he was exhausted and it seemed that he had run out of his talent because of the hassles of touring and also some unhealthy living habits. After years of struggling, Lloyd eventually managed to set off once more and further his music journey. “What keeps me younger than springtime is that I’m still learning, I’m still growing,” he went on. “I’ve got experience, but I’ve got a beginner’s mind, and that’s a blessing.” Still, he admitted, the touring continue to weigh on him and he’s thought about slowing down-at some point. “The Creator has a carrot on a stick,” he added. “you know, and I’m always falling short and I never got good enough to quit.” 1．What do the underlined words “bit by the cobra” indicate in the third paragraph? A．Change his mind.B．Argue with Duke. C．Set his mind. D．Adopt the suggestion. 2．Which of the following statements about Lloyd is not right? A．Lloyd worked into his eighties, still quite productive. B．Lloyd formed a band in 1965 and then it became a hit. C．In 1967, Lloyd performed a show with his band in San Francisco. D．Lloyd would never think about slowing down. 3．What can we infer from the text? A．Lloyd is always successful in his career. B．Doctor, lawyer and chef are equally good occupations. C．Lloyd was fond of instrument at the age of three. D．Previously music performers had a struggling life. 4．What is the text mainly about? A．A man would naturally meet setbacks in his life journey. B．Love about music should be developed at young age to exist lifelong. C．The life soup still needs to be stirred whatever the age is. D．If one wants to succeed in life, make sure there is no turning back. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．D 4．C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了Charles Lloyd对音乐的毕生热情，他一个敬业和坚韧的音乐家，尽管遇到了困难，无论几岁他仍然继续发展前进。 1．词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Lloyd is a young person in an old person’s body with a passion for music since his youth.(Lloyd是一个老人身体里的年轻人，他从小就对音乐充满热情)”和划线部分后文“and there was no turning back(没有回头路)”可知，“bit by the cobra(被眼镜蛇咬了)”是一个比喻，表明Lloyd被音乐不可逆转地迷住了，已坚定决心选择音乐道路，无法改变，C选项“Set his mind(下定决心)”切题。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Still, he admitted, the touring continue to weigh on him and he’s thought about slowing down-at some point.(不过，他承认，巡演继续给他带来压力，他想过在某个时候放慢脚步。) ”可知，他考虑过要放慢脚步。D选项“Lloyd would never think about slowing down.(劳埃德从来没想过要慢下来。)”表述错误。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据第三段中“When he grew up, his mother provided accommodation for performers who were banned from local hotels, Duke Ellington among them.(当他长大后，他的母亲为那些被禁止进入当地酒店的表演者提供住宿，Ellington公爵就是其中之一)”和“One day, his mother told Ellington that her son wanted to be a musician. But Duke said, “No, he has to be a doctor, lawyer, or Indian chief, because this stuff is too hard — the life. Don’t let him do it.” (有一天，他的母亲告诉艾灵顿，她的儿子想成为一名音乐家。但杜克说：‘不，他必须是医生、律师或印第安酋长，因为生活太难了。别让他这么做。’)”可以推断，以前的音乐表演者生活艰难。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，尤其根据第一段“Charles Lloyd, the eighty-four-year-old vintage musician who not only toured Europe this summer but is also releasing three new albums, each recorded with a different trio (三重奏) — “Trio of Trios.”(84岁的老牌音乐家查尔斯·劳埃德今年夏天不仅在欧洲巡回演出，而且还发行了三张新专辑，每一张都是由不同的三重奏组合‘trio of Trios’录制的。)”以及最后一段中““What keeps me younger than springtime is that I’m still learning, I’m still growing,” he went on. “I’ve got experience, but I’ve got a beginner’s mind, and that’s a blessing.” Still, he admitted, the touring continue to weigh on him and he’s thought about slowing down-at some point. “The Creator has a carrot on a stick,” he added. “you know, and I’m always falling short and I never got good enough to quit.(‘让我比春天还年轻的是，我还在学习，我还在成长，’他继续说道。‘我有经验，但我有初学者的心态，这是一种福气。’不过，他承认，巡演继续给他带来压力，他想过在某个时候放慢脚步。‘造物主在大棒上放了胡萝卜，’他补充说。‘你知道，我总是做不到，我从来没有做得好到可以放弃。’)”可知，全文围绕敬业和坚韧的音乐家Lloyd对音乐的热爱与坚持展开，强调他“仍在学习、成长”，即使高龄仍不懈追求。选项C“The life soup still needs to be stirred whatever the age is.(无论年龄如何都要继续搅拌生命之汤)”能够概括文章主题。故选C。 Passage 5 （24-25高一下·浙江宁波·期中）Beijing helped make my dreams come true. When I studied in Beijing, it heard my voice, accompanied me through sunrise and sunset and gave me courage to move forward. The beauty of Beijing is deeply carved in my mind. Against the red walls and green riles (瓦) of the Forbidden City, sparkling snowflakes float down from the sky, creating a beautiful and serene picture. To me, who grew up in the tropics, snow seems as attractive as the forbidden fruit from the Garden of Eden. After a night's snow, everywhere magically becomes as beautiful as a fairy tale. Did you see the first snow in Beijing in the winter of 2020-2021? I saw it and touched it in person. Located in the outskirts (市郊) of Beijing, Beijing WTown (古北水镇) is a small town with many of the architectural features of the classical gardens in the historical city of Suzhou in eastern China. When snow fall, it looks like a perfect landscape painting. I still feel warm when I recall the scene now, and words can't adequately express my feelings at that time. A scene like this is capable of relieving any amount stress for tourists. I love Beijing not only for its fascinating sights but also for the precious friendship I established with international students studying here. Beijing is a place where students from various countries meet. Although it often seems exciting when we meet, saying goodbye remains inevitable. Even though all good things must come to an end, everything has its season, and the time to come together will come again. Many other moments inspire me to express my feelings to Beijing. I know that these memories will eventually dissolve in fragments of time, but so what? I love Beijing and always will. 1．Why does the author compare snow to the forbidden fruit in paragraph 3? A．To praise Beijing. B．To show her love of snow. C．To describe snow. D．To state the truth of weather. 2．What does the underlined word “inevitable” in the last to second paragraph mean? A．Unavoidable. B．Important. C．Valuable. D．Challenging. 3．What can we learn about the author according to the text? A．She liked the sunrise and sunset in Beijing. B．She was sensitive to the weather of Beijing. C．She was attracted by different aspects in Beijing. D．She felt both happy and sad in Beijing WTown. 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．An Unforgettable Journey B．The Snow in Beijing C．A Beautiful City—WTown D．My Beijing Fascination 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍的是作者对北京的热爱，包括其迷人的风景、雪景以及与国际学生建立的珍贵友谊。 1．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“To me, who grew up in the tropics, snow seems as attractive as the forbidden fruit from the Garden of Eden.(对我来说，作为一个在热带长大的人，雪就像伊甸园中的禁果一样迷人。)”可知，可知，作者在热带长大，很少见到雪，雪对她来说很有吸引力，她将雪比作禁果，是为了表明她对雪的喜爱。故选B项。 2．词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段中的“Beijing is a place where students from various countries meet. Although it often seems exciting when we meet, saying goodbye remains inevitable. Even though all good things must come to an end, everything has its season, and the time to come together will come again. (北京是一个各国学生相聚的地方。虽然我们相聚时常常令人兴奋，但说再见仍然是inevitable。尽管所有美好的事物都必须结束，但万物皆有时节，相聚的时刻还会再来。)”，结合“all good things must come to an end(所有美好的事物都必须结束)” 可知，来自不同国家的学生相聚在北京，相聚之后必然会有分别，所以说再见是“不可避免的”，所以划线单词的意思与“不可避免的”意义相近相近。故选A项。 3．推理判断题。根据第二段“The beauty of Beijing is deeply carved in my mind. Against the red walls and green riles (瓦) of the Forbidden City, sparkling snowflakes float down from the sky, creating a beautiful and serene picture. (北京的美丽深深地刻在我的脑海里。在紫禁城红墙绿瓦的映衬下，晶莹的雪花从天空飘落，营造出一幅美丽而宁静的画面。)”以及第四段“Did you see the first snow in Beijing in the winter of 2020-2021? I saw it and touched it in person. Located in the outskirts (市郊) of Beijing, Beijing WTown (古北水镇) is a small town with many of the architectural features of the classical gardens in the historical city of Suzhou in eastern China. When snow fall, it looks like a perfect landscape painting. (你看到 2020 - 2021 年冬天北京的第一场雪了吗？我亲眼看到并触摸到了它。位于北京市郊的古北水镇是一个具有中国东部历史名城苏州古典园林许多建筑特色的小镇。下雪的时候，它看起来就像一幅完美的山水画。)”可知，作者被北京的雪景和风景所吸引；再根据第五段中的“I love Beijing not only for its fascinating sights but also for the precious friendship I established with international students studying here. (我爱北京，不仅因为它迷人的景色，还因为我与在这里学习的国际学生建立了珍贵的友谊。)”可知，作者也被在北京所建立的友谊所吸引，由此可推断，作者被北京的不同方面所吸引。故选C项。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Beijing helped make my dreams come true. When I studied in Beijing, it heard my voice, accompanied me through sunrise and sunset and gave me courage to move forward. (北京帮助我实现了梦想。当我在北京学习的时候，它倾听我的声音，陪伴我度过日出日落，给了我前进的勇气。)”以及最后一段中的“I know that these memories will eventually dissolve in fragments of time, but so what? I love Beijing and always will. (我知道这些记忆最终会消散在时间的碎片中，但那又怎样呢？我爱北京，永远都会。)”可知，本文主要讲述了作者在北京学习期间，被北京的雪景、风景以及与国际学生建立的友谊等方面所吸引，表达了作者对北京的喜爱之情，所以题目“我对北京的迷恋” 作为标题最能概括文章主旨。故选D项。 Passage 6 （24-25高一下·浙江杭州·期中）My childhood was a painted picture of a sunny sky and rolling green fields stretching to the horizon. It tasted of sharp berries and smelt of sour grapes. My family lived in a cabin in the countryside, but I lived in my mother’s arms. They were so delicate but strong, and her red hair falling around me was like a curtain that separated me from the world. Childhood was simple. The borders of my village were the furthest my troubles went and monsters only lived in the pages of books. Every day was a waking dream of running races and muddy knees. My village was archaic, dying cabins housing dying farmers with dying traditions. There weren’t many children but me and the other boys; boys of butchers and sellers formed our own group. They called us wild. I suppose we were. Trees and mountains formed our playgrounds and fights broke out as easily as sudden laughter. Liberated (解放) from the restrictions of society, we would bound into the woods, deeper and deeper until we found a lake which, with a wild yell, we would jump into all at once. My most vivid memories from boyhood center around that lake. Water shone brightly and the sounds of our screams broke into the outery from birds. The shock of cold water against sweating skin would wake every nerve in my body and my bare feet would hit the sinking muddy bottom. As we submerged (浸没), time would stop, movements slowing as bubbles rose around us. I was drowning. I was living. I was living. I was drowning. For timelessness or a second (both felt the same), we would pause, curl up, and then be forced back out into breathing air. We should have known that it wouldn’t last forever. Yet, even under the best circumstances, there’s something so tragic about growing up: your perspective on the people and life around you changes; you always struggle to reach a mirror, only to find yourself tall enough to see your reflection one day and find a different person staring back out at you. 1．Why does the author describe his mother’s red hair as “a curtain that separated me from the world”? A．To show her artistic personality. B．To emphasize her protective presence. C．To reveal his fear of social interactions. D．To illustrate his fascination with colors. 2．What does the underlined word “archaic” in paragraph 2 most probably mean? A．Time-honored. B．Old-fashioned. C．Mountain-ringed. D．Self-employed. 3．What does the lake symbolize in the author’s boyhood memories? A．A dangerous pause in life. B．A mirror reflecting adulthood. C．A prison of social restrictions. D．A state of immersion in the present. 4．What message does the author convey in the last paragraph? A．Struggle and challenge make a man grow up. B．Childhood joy is completely erased by growth C．Growth often brings unavoidable self-reinvention. D．The regret of growth is that people can’t find a mirror. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．D 4．C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要描绘了作者对于童年美好生活的回忆以及对于长大后童年时光逝去的感伤。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段“They were so delicate but strong, and her red hair falling around me was like a curtain that separated me from the world.(她的头发娇嫩而有力，她的红头发披在我的周围，就像一扇帘子，把我与世界隔开)”可知，妈妈的头发披在作者周围，就像一扇帘子，把作者与世界隔开，此处是在强调妈妈对作者的保护，故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据划线词下文“dying cabins housing dying farmers with dying traditions(死气沉沉的小屋住着死气沉沉的农民，他们的传统正在消亡)”可知，在作者小时候生活的村庄里，垂死的小木屋住着垂死的农民，他们的传统即将消亡，由此可推知，作者小时候生活的村庄很古老，archaic意为“古老的、陈旧的”，故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段中“As we submerged (浸没), time would stop, movements slowing as bubbles rose around us.(当我们潜入水中时，时间会停止，随着我们周围的气泡上升，运动速度会减慢)”和第五段中“For timelessness or a second (both felt the same), we would pause, curl up, and then be forced back out into breathing air.(在永恒或一秒钟的时间里（两者的感觉都一样），我们会停下来，蜷缩起来，然后被迫出去呼吸空气)”可知，在湖泊中，他们完全沉浸在那一刻，时间似乎停止了，有一种完全活在当下的感觉，由此推知那个湖在作者的童年记忆里象征着沉浸在当下的状态。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“We should have known that it wouldn’t last forever. Yet, even under the best circumstances, there’s something so tragic about growing up: your perspective on the people and life around you changes; you always struggle to reach a mirror, only to find yourself tall enough to see your reflection one day and find a different person staring back out at you.(我们早该知道它不会永远持续下去。然而，即使在最好的情况下，成长中也有一些悲剧：你对周围人和生活的看法会改变；你总是挣扎着够到镜子，却发现自己足够高，有一天能看到镜子里的自己，却发现一个不同的人在盯着你)”作者先是提到自己和伙伴们早该知道童年的快乐生活不会继续下去，接着讲成长总是有一些悲剧，成长总是伴随着改变，故可推知，作者在最后一段传达了“成长常常带来不可避免的自我改变”的观点，故选C。 Passage 7 （24-25高一下·浙江·期中）People often react strangely to the 10-year age gap between my kids. Some strangers ask if they’ re from the same marriage or if the younger was an “accident”. Some joke we’ re “starting over” late. Maybe we are — but we’ re perfectly happy with our choice. Like any family, we face challenges. My tween needs homework help during her brother’s bath time. Sometimes she has sports events and parties while he stays home sick, needing care. She enjoys patterns and graphic novels; he chews books and throws toys. They won’t spend mornings building Legos together like same-aged siblings (兄弟姐妹) might. Yet these differences feel manageable. If schedules clash, my fifth grader waits or solves problems herself. Though their meals differ, we always eat together. While their skills show the age gap most clearly, this actually benefits them both. Despite the decade between them, they share toys and activities. When she plays the piano, he sings beside her. When she draws, he scribbles(涂鸦) nearby. The little one learns from his “expert” big sister, while she enjoys his constant admiration — to him, she’ s practically the sun itself. Last week at a berry farm, my daughter raced ahead with cousins. Her brother kept stuffing berries into his cheeks, ignoring my calls. “Get Nic!” I told her. Without turning, she yelled “Come!” He instantly dropped his fruit and ran after her. Though still awkward, he comforts her when she’s upset, climbing into her lap for hugs. When she’s bored, he brings yummy cookies and candies — gifts filled with pure love no age gap can erase. No parent-child bond matches the unique connection between siblings. Others might question our family, but I wouldn’t change a thing. 1．The underlined word “clash” in Paragraph 3 most probably means         . A．Limit. B．Disagree. C．Approve. D．Match. 2．Which activity may the siblings NOT share according to the text? A．Reading children’s books together. B．Cooperating on a musical performance. C．Engaging in artistic creation side by side. D．Sharing snacks during emotional moments. 3．What message does the last paragraph convey? A．Children are raised according to their ages. B．Social opinions influence parenting strategies. C．Sibling connections go beyond age differences. D．Parent-child relationships require more attention. 4．What is the mother’s attitude towards the age gap between her children? A．Negative. B．Indifferent. C．Worried. D．Positive. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了我的两个孩子之间相差10岁，但是这并没有影响他们之间的关系，他们一起玩耍，相互照顾，在作者看来兄弟姐妹之间的关系是独特的，超越了年龄的差异。 1．词句猜测题。根据第三段划线词之后“my fifth grader waits or solves problems herself. (我的五年级的孩子要么等待，要么自己解决问题)”可知，我五年级的孩子会等待或者自己解决问题，这样的时候应该是两个孩子的日程安排出现了分歧。由此可知，划线词clash与B项disagree(有分歧)意思相近，故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段“When she plays the piano, he singsbeside her. When she draws, he scribbles (涂鸦) nearby. (当她弹钢琴时，他就在她旁边唱歌。当她画画时，他在附近乱画)”以及倒数第二段“When she’s bored, he brings yummy cookies and candies — gifts filled with pure love no age gap can erase.(当她无聊的时候，他会带来美味的饼干和糖果——这些礼物充满了纯真的爱，没有年龄差距可以抹去)”可知，他们没有一起读儿童读物,故选A项。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段“No parent-child bond matches the unique connection between siblings. Others might question our family, but I wouldn’t change a thing.(任何亲子关系都比不上兄弟姐妹之间的独特联系。其他人可能会质疑我们的家庭，但我不会改变任何事情)”可推知，最后一段想要告诉我们的是兄弟姐妹之间的关系是独特的，超越了年龄的差异，故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“No parent-child bondmatches the unique connection between siblings. (没有亲子关系能比得上兄弟姐妹之间的独特关系)”可知，这位母亲认为兄弟姐妹之间的关系是独特的。由此推知，她对对孩子之间的年龄差距持积极的态度。故选D。 Passage 8 （24-25高一下·浙江衢州·期中）Imagine a warm, summer day at Juhu Beach in Mumbai. Ocean waves crash along the shore; the sun shines on the horizon. But what if the sun sets in Juhu and doesn’t rise again for months and the sea freezes over? Well, this is the kind of place where I’ve worked over the last decade. As a sea ice scientist, I live through the winter in the 24x7 polar (极地的) darkness and extremely low temperatures of six-month-long nights in the Arctic and the Antarctic. Yet, my early experiences were far from pleasant. Besides being unable to clearly mark the passage of time, the lack of sunlight brings both a physical and a mental suffering. One’s body clock turns off, leading to constant tiredness and little drive to focus on work. My mood is a very flat sine wave (正弦波). Missing family and friends makes it worse. Unlike where I grew up — in warm, green Trivandrum, Kerala, filled with rich sights, sounds and people —l ife at the Poles is quiet. As the days shorten, almost all life starts to leave looking for warmer lands, but those who stay are greeted by breathtaking glacier (冰川) and an otherworldly view. In the coldest winter months, the sun seems to live only in memory. Its disappearance, however, is not real: Polar lights, showing blue, red, yellow and green, snake like waving curtains across the deep black sky, reminding me that the light shall one day return and there is wonder to enjoy. It took me years to adapt and fall in love with these environments and now I am excited to throw myself into another journey in this land of darkness and slow-moving time. What pulls me back time and again is its unshakable peace and calmness. It quiets you, fills you with wonder and changes your soul. Being restless by nature, I have had to find patience, build determination, and learn how to solve problems without losing control. 1．Why does the author ask readers to imagine a day in paragraph 1? A．To inspire readers’ imagination. B．To show his regret for his choice. C．To share a place he dreamt about. D．To stress the hardship he suffered. 2．How does the author probably feel at the beginning of the job? A．Rather excited. B．Extremely upset. C．A little enjoyable. D．Greatly nervous. 3．What is paragraph 3 mainly about in terms of polar life? A．The amazing beauty. B．The scientific wonders. C．The former good lives. D．The upsetting quietness. 4．Why did the author fall in love with the polar life? A．He a preference for challenges. B．It benefited his scientific exploration. C．He adapted to the tough environment. D．It improved his character and qualities. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者以孟买朱胡海滩夏日与极寒无日景象对比，引出自身作为海冰科学家在南北极长达十年的工作经历。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段“Imagine a warm, summer day at Juhu Beach in Mumbai. Ocean waves crash along the shore; the sun shines on the horizon. But what if the sun sets in Juhu and doesn’t rise again for months and the sea freezes over? Well, this is the kind of place where I’ve worked over the last decade. As a sea ice scientist, I live through the winter in the 24x7 polar (极地的) darkness and extremely low temperatures of six-month-long nights in the Arctic and the Antarctic.( 想象一个温暖的夏日，在孟买的Juhu海滩。海浪拍打着海岸；太阳照在地平线上。但是如果太阳在巨湖落下，几个月都不升起，海面结冰怎么办？这就是我过去十年一直工作的地方。作为一名海冰科学家，我在极地24小时的黑暗中度过了冬天，在北极和南极度过了长达六个月的极低温度的夜晚。)”可知，作者先描述了孟买朱胡海滩温暖夏日的美好景象，接着笔锋一转，提出如果太阳数月不升起且大海结冰会怎样，然后引出自己在极地工作的情况。通过这种对比，是为了强调他在极地工作所遭受的艰苦环境，如长时间的黑暗和极低的温度等。故选D项。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段“Yet, my early experiences were far from pleasant. Besides being unable to clearly mark the passage of time, the lack of sunlight brings both a physical and a mental suffering. One’s body clock turns off, leading to constant tiredness and little drive to focus on work. My mood is a very flat sine wave (正弦波). Missing family and friends makes it worse.( 然而，我早期的经历远非愉快。除了无法清楚地标记时间的流逝外，缺少阳光还会给身体和精神带来痛苦。一个人的生物钟会关闭，导致持续的疲劳和缺乏专注于工作的动力。我的心情是很平的正弦波。失去家人和朋友会让情况更糟)”可知，作者早期的经历一点也不愉快，缺乏阳光带来身心痛苦，生物钟紊乱，情绪低落，还想念家人朋友，这些都表明作者一开始工作时心情极度沮丧。故选B项。 3．主旨大意题。根据第三段“Unlike where I grew up — in warm, green Trivandrum, Kerala, filled with rich sights, sounds and people — life at the Poles is quiet. As the days shorten, almost all life starts to leave looking for warmer lands, but those who stay are greeted by breathtaking glacier (冰川) and an otherworldly view. In the coldest winter months, the sun seems to live only in memory. Its disappearance, however, is not real: Polar lights, showing blue, red, yellow and green, snake like waving curtains across the deep black sky, reminding me that the light shall one day return and there is wonder to enjoy.( 不像我成长的地方——喀拉拉邦温暖、绿色的特里凡得勒姆，那里充满了丰富的风景、声音和人——在波兰的生活是安静的。随着白昼的缩短，几乎所有的生命都开始离开，寻找更温暖的地方，但那些留下来的人会受到令人惊叹的冰川和超凡脱俗的景色的欢迎。在最寒冷的冬季，太阳似乎只存在于记忆中。然而，它的消失是不真实的：极地的灯光，呈现出蓝色、红色、黄色和绿色，像蛇形的窗帘在深黑的天空中摇曳，提醒我有一天光会回来，有奇迹可以享受。)”可知，第三段先将作者成长的地方（充满丰富的景象、声音和人群）与极地生活进行对比，指出极地生活安静。接着描述随着日子变短，大部分生命离开，留下来的人会看到令人惊叹的冰川和超凡脱俗的景色，还提到在最寒冷的冬季，虽然太阳似乎只存在于记忆中，但极光会呈现出各种颜色，如蓝色、红色、黄色和绿色，像舞动的窗帘一样划过深邃的夜空。所以第三段主要讲的是极地生活中令人惊叹的美景。故选A项。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“It took me years to adapt and fall in love with these environments and now I am excited to throw myself into another journey in this land of darkness and slow-moving time. What pulls me back time and again is its unshakable peace and calmness. It quiets you, fills you with wonder and changes your soul. Being restless by nature, I have had to find patience, build determination, and learn how to solve problems without losing control.( 我花了好几年的时间来适应和爱上这些环境，现在我很兴奋地把自己投入到这片黑暗和缓慢移动的时间的土地上的另一段旅程。一次次把我拉回来的是它那不可动摇的平和与平静。它让你安静下来，让你充满惊奇，改变你的灵魂。我天生不安分，所以我必须找到耐心，建立决心，并学会如何在不失去控制的情况下解决问题)”可知，作者花了数年时间适应并爱上了极地环境，是因为极地不可动摇的和平与宁静让他平静，充满惊奇，改变了他的灵魂，使他这个生性不安分的人学会了耐心、坚定，并学会在不失去控制的情况下解决问题，即极地生活提升了他的性格和品质。故选D项。 主题02 人与社会 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·浙江·期中）When Ma Jun was born, his parents noticed something unusual. His limbs were weak, and he couldn’t move or stand without help. While his peers ran and played, Ma could only sit in a wheelchair, watching in frustration. For years, his parents carried Ma on their backs to school, braving wind and rain. In 2016, Ma passed his college entrance exams, but he faced a dilemma. With limited resources, his family couldn’t manage both sons’ education. Then Ma made a decision to stay home, sacrificing (牺牲) his own learning opportunity for his brother. This decision, though rooted in love, threw Ma into hopelessness. Longing to attend university and prove himself despite his condition, Ma instead found himself stuck in bed, feeling desperate. The turning point came when a friend gave him a book, Shi Tiesheng’s best-seller I and the Temple of Earth. Shi, a famous writer who also uses a wheelchair, had transformed his struggles into profound literature. As he read, Ma felt a spark of hope lighting up his world. Shi’s vivid observations and unshaken hope inspired Ma deeply. He was struck by the realization that someone with similar struggles could find meaning and joy in life. Later, he started on a three-year journey of writing the book The Green and White Stone Steps by recording his own life, pouring his heart and soul into the words. In June 2023, Ma received unexpected good news that his book was one of 10 selected for publication through the project “Stars of Literature by Chinese Ethnic Writers”. This achievement marked a significant milestone in his literary journey. Then, the Junma Awards for Ethnic Literature announced this year’s awards, and Ma became the youngest winner of this year’s Junma Awards for Ethnic Literature in the prose category. Having fought against the illness for many years, Ma never defines himself as a man to be pitied. “I don’t think my experiences are tragic. Everyone in this world suffers from something. For me, it’s physical; for some others, it’s emotional. We’re all fighting our own battles,” he says. Writing is not just a profession for Ma — it’s a lifeline, a way to connect with the world and leave behind a legacy of courage, sincerity and hope. 1．Why did Ma give up attending university? A．His parents didn’t want to support his education. B．His brother showed a stronger desire to study. C．His family was facing financial difficulties. D．His physical condition prevented him from continuing his education. 2．What do we know about Ma’s book The Green and White Stone Steps? A．It was inspired by his friend. B．It was finished in 7 years. C．It was based on Shi’s personal story. D．It got recognition in the literary world. 3．Which of the following can best describe Ma Jun? A．Talented and optimistic. B．Selfless and honest. C．Farsighted and patient. D．Brave and confident. 4．What message does the text convey? A．Failure is the mother of success. B．Chance favors the prepared mind. C．Misfortune doesn’t define who you are. D．He who laughs last laughs longest. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了马骏的个人经历，包括他出生时的身体状况、求学过程中的困境、因家庭经济原因而做出的牺牲、阅读带来的转变、写作成就以及他对生活和写作的看法，展现了一个面对身体障碍却坚持不懈追求梦想的人的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“In 2016, Ma passed his college entrance exams, but he faced a dilemma. With limited resources, his family couldn’t manage both sons’ education. Then Ma made a decision to stay home, sacrificing (牺牲) his own learning opportunity for his brother.(2016年，马骏通过了高考，却面临两难境地。由于家庭经济拮据，无法同时负担两个儿子的学费。于是他决定留在家中，为弟弟牺牲了自己的求学机会。)”可知，马骏放弃上大学的直接原因是家庭面临经济困难。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“In June 2023, Ma received unexpected good news that his book was one of 10 selected for publication through the project “Stars of Literature by Chinese Ethnic Writers”. This achievement marked a significant milestone in his literary journey. Then, the Junma Awards for Ethnic Literature announced this year’s awards, and Ma became the youngest winner of this year’s Junma Awards for Ethnic Literature in the prose category.(2023年6月，马骏收获了意外之喜：他的作品入选“中国少数民族作家文学之星”项目的10部出版作品之一，这标志着他文学生涯的重要里程碑。随后，今年的骏马奖民族文学奖揭晓，马骏成为今年散文类奖项中最年轻的获奖者。)”可知，马骏的作品《青白石阶》入选“中国少数民族作家文学之星”项目，并获得骏马奖民族文学奖，这表明其作品在文学界获得了认可。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“In June 2023, Ma received unexpected good news that his book was one of 10 selected for publication through the project “Stars of Literature by Chinese Ethnic Writers”. This achievement marked a significant milestone in his literary journey. Then, the Junma Awards for Ethnic Literature announced this year’s awards, and Ma became the youngest winner of this year’s Junma Awards for Ethnic Literature in the prose category.(2023年6月，马骏收获了意外之喜：他的作品入选“中国少数民族作家文学之星”项目的10部出版作品之一，这标志着他文学生涯的重要里程碑。随后，今年的骏马奖民族文学奖揭晓，马骏成为今年散文类奖项中最年轻的获奖者。)”可知，马骏是个有个有才华的人；再根据最后一段中“Having fought against the illness for many years, Ma never defines himself as a man to be pitied. “I don’t think my experiences are tragic. Everyone in this world suffers from something. For me, it’s physical; for some others, it’s emotional. We’re all fighting our own battles,” he says.(与疾病抗争多年，马骏从不认为自己是个需要被同情的人。“我不觉得我的经历是悲剧性的。这个世界上每个人都有各自的苦难。对我来说是身体上的，对另一些人则是情感上的。我们都在打自己的仗。” 他说道。)”可知，他是个积极乐观的人。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““I don’t think my experiences are tragic. Everyone in this world suffers from something. For me, it’s physical; for some others, it’s emotional. We’re all fighting our own battles,” he says. Writing is not just a profession for Ma — it’s a lifeline, a way to connect with the world and leave behind a legacy of courage, sincerity and hope(“我不觉得我的经历是悲剧性的。这个世界上每个人都有各自的苦难。对我来说是身体上的，对另一些人则是情感上的。我们都在打自己的仗。”对他来说，写作不仅是职业，更是一条生命线，是与世界相连的方式，也留下了勇气、真诚与希望的印记。)”以及全文内容可知，文章通过马骏的经历传递核心思想：尽管身体残疾、放弃大学机会，但他未被困境定义，反而通过写作找到生命价值，强调不幸不能定义一个人。故选C。 Passage 2 （24-25高一下·浙江台州·期中）When Alex was 15 and in middle school, he saw his best friend Lily facing a major challenge-she had a severe learning disability. Reading and understanding complex texts was extremely hard for her, which hurt her grades and made her lose confidence. Determined to support her, Alex made up his mind to find a solution. One day, while carelessly reading Reader’s Digest, Alex chanced upon an article about the shocking power of artificial intelligence (AI) in education. Deeply inspired by the article, he made up his mind to create an Al-based learning tool that could effectively help students like Lily. Alex spent months learning programming languages and algorithms (算法). He faced numerous tough challenges along the way, such as checking and reorganizing codes (代码) , which mean programming instructions, and searching for relevant data, which mean information having something to do with developing such an app. However, he never thought of giving up. Finally, he developed an app called “ReadEase”, which uses AI to analyze texts and provide simplified explanations, synonyms, and clear audio-readings. It can also track the user’s progress and offer personalized learning plans. When Alex introduced “ReadEase” to Lily, she was doubtful at first. “But to my surprise, after using it for a few weeks, I noticed a significant improvement in my reading skills. I can finally understand what I'm reading.” Lily said excitedly. The success of “ReadEase” didn’t stop there. Alex shared his invention with his school’s teachers, who were deeply impressed by its huge potential. They started using the app in their classes to help students with learning difficulties. Now, Alex is working on improving “ReadEase” and hopes to make it available to more students around the world. “I want to use technology to make a positive impact on people’s lives,” he said with great enthusiasm. 1．Why did Alex decide to create “ReadEase”? A．To win a science fair. B．To help his close friend. C．To finish a school project. D．To show his knowledge about AI. 2．What challenge did Alex meet while creating the app? A．Finding similar examples to follow. B．Lacking time and money. C．Figuring out suitable programming languages. D．Coding programming instructions properly. 3．What can we infer from Lily’s words? A．She is not used to the app. B．The app is of great help to her. C．The app doesn’t function well. D．She still has difficulty reading. 4．Which of the following best describes Alex according to the text? A．Creative and determined. B．Out-going and generous. C．Humorous and earnest. D．Cool-headed and responsible. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．B 4．A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。亚历克斯为帮有学习障碍的好友莉莉，开发ReadEase应用，取得成功并希望推广，用科技助力更多人。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Determined to support her, Alex made up his mind to find a solution.(决心支持她，亚历克斯下定决心要找到一个解决方案。)”以及第二段第二句“Deeply inspired by the article, he made up his mind to create an Al-based learning tool that could effectively help students like Lily.(深受这篇文章的启发，他决定创建一个基于人工智能的学习工具，能够有效地帮助像莉莉这样的学生。)”可知，亚历克斯决定创建ReadEase是为了帮助他的好朋友莉莉。故选B项。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“He faced numerous tough challenges along the way, such as checking and reorganizing codes (代码), which mean programming instructions, and searching for relevant data, which mean information having something to do with developing such an app.(在这个过程中，他面临着许多艰巨的挑战，比如检查和重新组织代码，代码即编程指令，以及搜索相关数据，数据即与开发这样一个应用程序有关的信息。)”可知，亚历克斯在创建应用程序时遇到的挑战包括正确编写编程指令（即检查和重新组织代码）。故选D项。 3．推理判断题。根据第三段莉莉所说的话“But to my surprise, after using it for a few weeks, I noticed a significant improvement in my reading skills. I can finally understand what I’m reading.(但令我惊讶的是，使用了几周后，我发现自己的阅读能力有了显著提高。我终于能理解我所读的内容了。)”可以推断出，这个应用程序对她有很大的帮助。故选B项。 4．推理判断题。通读全文可知，从亚历克斯为帮助朋友创建基于人工智能的学习工具ReadEase，可以看出他很有创造力；从他在创建过程中（第二段）“He faced numerous tough challenges along the way, such as checking and reorganizing codes (代码) , which mean programming instructions, and searching for relevant data, which mean information having something to do with developing such an app. However, he never thought of giving up. (在此过程中，他面临着许多艰巨的挑战，例如检查和重新组织代码（代表编程指令），以及搜索相关数据（代表与开发此类应用程序有关的信息）。然而，他从未想过放弃。)”，能看出他意志坚定。故选A项。 Passage 3 （24-25高一下·浙江·期中）At the Boxing County Lyuju Opera Troupe, in east China’s Shandong province, Liu Ning, 41 and his student Wang Chenglong, 24 were rehearsing Sisters’Marriage Switch, a classic from Lyuju Opera. As one of the major local operas, Lyuju Opera was put on China’s National Intangible Cultural Heritage List in 2008. “During festivals, villages in my hometown would stage operas. My grandmother always took me along, though I only watched for fun at the beginning,” Wang recalled. His artistic awakening came during a Maoqiang (another Shandong opera style) performance. “Charmed, I registered in Maoqiang training after junior high, unprepared for the rigors.” The training was extremely strict: a short section of recitation, only eight words, needs to be practiced for a whole week until there is no mistake in posture, expression, or tone, and if there was a small mistake in the position of the tongue, it meant starting over. Because of this difficulty, Wang gave up. But his later factory work taught him life’s hardships. Learning from experience, he seized a second chance through registration in the local Lyuju Opera Class. As graduation approached, Wang heard that young actors were needed in the Boxing County Lyuju Opera Troupe, so he chose to join and stay in this troupe. Today, he has become a leading drama expert, and he is also actively promoting new media communication. On Tiktok, he has nearly 30,000 fans, many of whom are local people, and a large number of young people are attracted to it. He shared his own performances and those of his daily life of training, which received a lot of attention and praise. In fact, Lyuju Opera still has a very large elderly audience in many areas of Shandong. Liu said, “Today, the attraction of Lyuju Opera in Boxing county is still very strong. Performances may not need the top stage, or even a stage, they occur in the local communities, hidden in every corner of Boxing.” 1．Why did Wang Chenglong decide to go after opera training after junior high? A．He was attracted by a Maoqiang peformance. B．He intended to promote national cultural heritage. C．He wanted to escape the hardships of factory work. D．He was encouraged to join the troupe by his grandmother. 2．What does the underlined word in paragraph 2 mean? A．Surprise. B．Excitement. C．Difficulty. D．Sadness. 3．How has Wang Chenglong contributed to the promotion of Lyuju Opera? A．By performing on large stages in major cities. B．By organizing large-scale opera festivals in Shandong. C．By teaching opera to elderly audiences in local communities. D．By using social media to share his performances and training. 4．Which of the following words can best describe Wang Chenglong? A．Strict and traditional. B．Devoted and adaptable. C．Open-minded and determined. D．Kind and generous. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述王成龙学吕剧经历，成专家并推广吕剧的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“His artistic awakening came during a Maoqiang (another Shandong opera style) performance. “Charmed, I registered in Maoqiang training after junior high, unprepared for the rigors. (他的艺术觉醒来自于一场茂腔（另一种山东戏曲风格）表演。“被迷住了，初中毕业后我就报名参加了茂腔培训，当时没有预料到其中的艰苦。”)”可知，王成龙初中毕业后决定追求戏曲培训是因为他被一场茂腔表演吸引了。故选A。 2．词句猜测题。根据第二段中“His artistic awakening came during a Maoqiang (another Shandong opera style) performance. “Charmed, I registered in Maoqiang training after junior high, unprepared for the rigors. (他的艺术觉醒来自于一场茂腔（另一种山东戏曲风格）表演。“被迷住了，初中毕业后我就报名参加了茂腔培训，当时没有预料到其中的rigors。”)”和第三段中“The training was extremely strict: a short section of recitation, only eight words, needs to be practiced for a whole week until there is no mistake in posture, expression, or tone, and if there was a small mistake in the position of the tongue, it meant starting over.  (培训极其严格：一小段只有八个字的朗诵，需要练习一整周，直到姿势、表情或语调都没有错误，如果舌头位置有一点小错误，就意味着要重新开始。)”可知，这里说的是培训的艰苦和困难，所以rigors意思是“困难”，与Difficulty意思相符。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段“Today, he has become a leading drama expert, and he is also actively promoting new media communication. On Tiktok, he has nearly 30,000 fans, many of whom are local people, and a large number of young people are attracted to it. He shared his own performances and those of his daily life of training, which received a lot of attention and praise. (如今，他已成为一名杰出的戏剧专家，并且他还积极推动新媒体传播。在抖音上，他有近3万名粉丝，其中很多是当地人，并且吸引了大量年轻人。他分享自己的表演以及日常训练的情况，这受到了很多关注和赞扬。)”可知，王成龙通过使用社交媒体分享他的表演和训练为吕剧的推广做出了贡献。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据第三段“The training was extremely strict: a short section of recitation, only eight words, needs to be practiced for a whole week until there is no mistake in posture, expression, or tone, and if there was a small mistake in the position of the tongue, it meant starting over. Because of this difficulty, Wang gave up. But his later factory work taught him life’s hardships. Learning from experience, he seized a second chance through registration in the local Lyuju Opera Class. As graduation approached, Wang heard that young actors were needed in the Boxing County Lyuju Opera Troupe, so he chose to join and stay in this troupe. (培训极其严格：仅仅一小段只有八个字的念白，就需要练习整整一个星期，直到姿势、表情和声调都毫无差错。要是舌头的位置有一点点小失误，那就意味着要重新再来。由于训练如此艰难，王成龙放弃了。但后来的工厂工作让他体会到了生活的艰辛。吸取了这段经历的教训，他抓住了第二次机会，报名参加了当地的吕剧培训班。临近毕业时，王成龙听说博兴县吕剧团需要年轻演员，于是他选择加入并留在了这个剧团。)”和第四段“Today, he has become a leading drama expert, and he is also actively promoting new media communication. On Tiktok, he has nearly 30,000 fans, many of whom are local people, and a large number of young people are attracted to it. He shared his own performances and those of his daily life of training, which received a lot of attention and praise. (如今，他已成为一名杰出的戏剧专家，并且他还积极推动新媒体传播。在抖音上，他有近3万名粉丝，其中很多是当地人，并且吸引了大量年轻人。他分享自己的表演以及日常训练的情况，这受到了很多关注和赞扬。)”可知，从王成龙一开始被茂腔吸引去参加培训，尽管中途因困难放弃，后来又抓住机会参加吕剧培训并加入剧团，最终成为杰出的戏剧专家，还积极推广吕剧，可看出他对戏曲的热爱和投入；他能从放弃戏曲到重新选择，以及适应不同的工作经历（工厂工作后又回到戏曲行业），说明他具有适应性。故选B。 Passage 4 （24-25高一下·浙江·期中）Mary Anning, and the Jurassic Coast are forever connected: their stories are marked not only in history books but also in the very layers of rock that make up this amazing part of the English coastline. Mary, born in 1799 in Lyme Regis, became one of the most famous fossil hunters the world has ever seen. From a young age, Mary and her brother Joseph explored the beaches and rocksides, breaking the secrets hidden within the Jurassic Coast’s rocks. These were no ordinary rocks, preserving the remains of creatures that lived millions of years ago, during the Jurassic period. In Lyme, fossil collecting was dangerous work. With strong determination, Mary moved across the dangerous ground beneath the cliffs during the low tide in search of precious fossils, which held great scientific worth. In 1811, Mary discovered the complete bones of an Ichthyosaurus, a marine reptile (海洋爬行动物) looking like a dolphin. This was the first complete Ichthyosaurus ever found, and it completely changed our understanding of these ancient creatures. Mary’s finds continued to astonish the scientific community. Her discoveries opened new ways for scientists to study the ancient world. Despite her contributions, Mary faced many challenges. As a woman from a working-class background, she received little recognition for her work. Many of her discoveries were credited to male scientists, and she often struggled financially to support herself and her family. Yet, Mary’s devotion to her work never faded. She continued to study fossils, even when things were very difficult. Today, Mary Anning is celebrated as a pioneer in fossil science. Her discoveries helped shape our understanding of the Jurassic period and the creatures that lived during that time. Her story is not only proof of her personal strength but also an inspiration to future generations of scientists. 1．Which words best describe Mary’s fossil-hunting work according to paragraph 2? A．Dull but rewarding. B．Tough but well-paid. C．Risky but valuable. D．Demanding but fun-filled. 2．What is the significance of Mary’s Ichthyosaurus discovery in 1811? A．It explained how coastlines changed. B．It helped identify new types of fossils. C．It attracted international fossil traders. D．It redefined ancient marine life studies. 3．What greatly limited Mary’s development in fossil science? A．Class and gender. B．Age and race. C．Education and resources. D．Health and equipment. 4．What can we learn from Mary’s story? A．Practice makes perfect. B．Pride comes before a fall. C．Where there’s a will, there’s a way. D．What doesn’t kill you makes you stronger. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍的是英国化石猎人玛丽·安宁的生平事迹，她凭借坚定意志在侏罗纪海岸发现重要化石，为古生物学研究作出巨大贡献。 1．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“In Lyme, fossil collecting was dangerous work. With strong determination, Mary moved across the dangerous ground beneath the cliffs during the low tide in search of precious fossils, which held great scientific worth.(在莱姆，收集化石是一项危险的工作。凭借着坚定的决心，玛丽在退潮时穿越悬崖下危险的地面，寻找具有重大科学价值的珍贵化石。)”可知，玛丽的化石采集工作是有风险的，因为要在危险的地方工作；同时也是有价值的，因为找到的化石具有重大科学价值，由此可知，她的工作既充满风险又极具价值。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“In 1811, Mary discovered the complete bones of an Ichthyosaurus, a marine reptile looking like a dolphin. This was the first complete Ichthyosaurus ever found, and it completely changed our understanding of these ancient creatures. Mary’s finds continued to astonish the scientific community. Her discoveries opened new ways for scientists to study the ancient world.(1811 年，玛丽发现了鱼龙的完整骨骼，鱼龙是一种看起来像海豚的海洋爬行动物。这是有史以来发现的第一具完整的鱼龙骨骼，它彻底改变了我们对这些古代生物的理解。玛丽的发现继续令科学界震惊。她的发现为科学家研究古代世界开辟了新的途径。)”可知，玛丽1811年发现鱼龙的意义在于它重新定义了古代海洋生物研究。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Despite her contributions, Mary faced many challenges. As a woman from a working-class background, she received little recognition for her work. Many of her discoveries were credited to male scientists, and she often struggled financially to support herself and her family.(尽管做出了贡献，玛丽仍面临许多挑战。作为一个来自工人阶级背景的女性，她的工作几乎没有得到认可。她的许多发现都归功于男性科学家，而且她常常在经济上难以支撑自己和家人。)”可知，她是来自工人阶级背景的女性，所以她的工作几乎没有得到认可，由此可知，阶级和性别极大地限制了玛丽在化石科学领域的发展。故选A。 4．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第四段中的“As a woman from a working-class background, she received little recognition for her work. Many of her discoveries were credited to male scientists, and she often struggled financially to support herself and her family. Yet, Mary’s devotion to her work never faded. She continued to study fossils, even when things were very difficult.(作为一名来自工人阶级的女性，她的工作很少得到认可。她的许多发现都被归功于男性科学家，而她自己却常常在经济上挣扎，难以养活自己和家人。然而，玛丽对工作的热忱从未减退。即使在处境艰难的时候，她依然继续研究化石。)”可知，文章讲述了玛丽・安宁尽管面临来自阶级和性别的诸多挑战，如不被认可、经济困难等，但她凭借坚定的决心，继续研究化石，最终取得了重大发现，为化石科学做出了重要贡献，“有志者事竟成”最能体现她的精神品质。故选 C。 Passage 5 （24-25高一下·浙江·期中）At 12, my father decided to take me a trip to France. I had never been out of the country before, so I was very excited. My aunt, my father and I went around with my father showing us all the unbelievable attractions in Paris. None of us spoke much French but we loved the city. We had taken the subway all over the city and were congratulating ourselves on our understanding of what is honestly a good subway design that is pretty easy to follow. We decided to visit Versailles by train. We chatted happily along the way until my father realized we were far into the French countryside and no one around spoke English. We reached the end of the line and felt frightened when everyone finally left the train. An old man and his grandchild noticed us and came up to help. He spoke no English, so in broken French we tried to explain. When he finally understood, this great man settled his grandson and showed us to the correct train and then got on it with us. Later we knew the truth that there was a train transfer(换乘)and he didn’t want us to miss it. This kind man rode a train an hour and a half out of his way to make sure that three Americans got where they wanted to be. He refused to let us pay for his ticket. He did it all with a gentle smile and shook our hands gently at the stop. Then with his quiet way, he got on the train to return the way he had come. What impressed me most was the man and his kindness during the amazing trip. Some Americans think the French are rude for some reason, but I always try to make them change their minds with this story. 1．Why was the author excited about the trip to France? A．He could see unbelievable attractions. B．He had never been abroad before. C．He could take the subway all over the city. D．He could go around with his aunt and father. 2．What happened to the author and his family on the train? A．They were lost in the French countryside. B．They had a quarrel with the other passengers. C．They found it hard to understand the subway design. D．They met an old man and his grandchild immediately. 3．The old man helped them ________. A．by paying for their tickets B．by teaching them some French C．by showing them the correct train D．by taking them to Versailles directly 4．What’s the purpose of the author’s writing the passage? A．To show the importance of learning a foreign language. B．To explain an unexpected problem and offer practical tips for future travelers. C．To share an unforgettable foreign experience that left a deep impression on him. D．To list the unbelievable attractions in Paris through personal travel experiences. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者12岁时随父亲和姑姑在法国旅行时，因语言不通在凡尔赛宫换乘火车时迷路，后被一位法国老人主动帮助、护送至正确车次且分文未取的温暖经历。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“At 12, my father decided to take me a trip to France. I had never been out of the country before, so I was very excited.(在我12岁的时候，父亲决定带我去法国旅行。我以前从未出过国，所以我非常兴奋。)”可知，作者12岁时父亲决定带他去法国旅行，因为他以前从未出过国，所以感到非常兴奋。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“We decided to visit Versailles by train. We chatted happily along the way until my father realized we were far into the French countryside and no one around spoke English.(我们决定乘火车去参观凡尔赛宫。一路上我们开心地聊着天，直到父亲意识到我们已经深入到了法国的乡村地区，而周围没有一个人会说英语。)”以及第三段“We reached the end of the line and felt frightened when everyone finally left the train.(我们到达了线路的终点站，当最后所有人都下了火车时，我们感到很害怕。)”可知，作者一家决定乘火车去参观凡尔赛宫，一路上开心地聊天，直到父亲意识到他们已经深入法国乡村，周围没人说英语，并且到达线路终点站时，大家都下车了，他们感到害怕。这表明他们在火车上坐过站，在法国乡村迷路了。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“An old man and his grandchild noticed us and came up to help. He spoke no English, so in broken French we tried to explain. When he finally understood, this great man settled his grandson and showed us to the correct train and then got on it with us.(一位老人和他的孙子注意到了我们，便走上前来帮忙。他不会说英语，所以我们用蹩脚的法语努力向他解释。当他终于明白后，这位善良的老人安顿好他的孙子，然后带我们找到了正确的火车，接着还和我们一起上了车。)”以及第四段“Later we knew the truth that there was a train transfer(换乘)and he didn’t want us to miss it. This kind man rode a train an hour and a half out of his way to make sure that three Americans got where they wanted to be. He refused to let us pay for his ticket.(后来我们才知道，原来要换乘火车，他是不想让我们错过换乘。这位善良的人特意多坐了一个半小时的火车，就为了确保三个美国人能到达他们想去的地方。他不让我们为他的车票付钱。)”可知，老人特意多坐了一个半小时的火车把作者一行人带到了目的地——凡尔赛宫。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“What impressed me most was the man and his kindness during the amazing trip. Some Americans think the French are rude for some reason, but I always try to make them change their minds with this story.(在这次奇妙的旅行中，给我留下最深刻印象的是那位老人以及他的善良。出于某些原因，有些美国人认为法国人很粗鲁，但我总是试图用这个故事让他们改变看法。)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了作者12岁时和父亲、姑姑去法国旅行，在乘火车去凡尔赛宫的途中迷路，后得到一位不会说英语的法国老人帮助的经历。作者着重描述了老人的善良以及这段经历给自己留下的深刻印象，最后提到想用这个故事改变一些美国人认为法国人粗鲁的看法。因此作者写这篇文章的目的是分享一段给他留下深刻印象的难忘的国外经历。故选C。 主题01 人与自然 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·浙江·期中）My job is to train rats to find landmines (地雷) so the dangers can be cleared to save lives. I work for a Belgian non-governmental organization called Apopo that operates from Morogoro, in my home country of Tanzania. The rats I train are used in mine-clearing programs around the world, including in Angola, Azerbaijan and Cambodia. The animals we use are a species of African giant rat called Cricetomys ansorgei (非洲巨鼠). They are born in sub-Saharan Africa and are the size of a small cat, which makes them easy to catch. They also live longer than other rats, which is helpful for the program, because it takes between nine months and a year to train one fully. My colleagues and I use a method called clicker training: we teach the rats to relate a click with a food reward, and then use clicks to gradually reward behaviour. Rats are naturally curious, so they will explore, and their great sense of smell means they can find buried landmines. To teach the rats what to look for, we place small amounts of TNT explosives (炸药) in some tea eggs and mix them with some filled with other things. We reward the rats for touching these, then move on to reward them only when they touch a tea egg filled with explosives, rather than ones filled with other things, such as hair, flowers and so on. The rats need to perform perfectly at each stage of training before they move to the next stage. In the final stage, we use real landmines in a training field. As trainers, we build a connection with the rats we train. Some are slow learners; others know the process very quickly. Most of the rats make it through, eventually. I work with our resident scientist to continually follow and improve our training program, because the rats are so clever that they can be smarter than trainers! 1．What’s the key to the training? A．Linking behavior and rewards. B．Increasing the difficulty gradually. C．Making the rats get used to the click. D．Exercising rats’ sense of smell. 2．Why did the author choose to use Cricetomys ansorgei? A．They can be seen commonly. B．They’re easily accessible. C．They’re quickly trained. D．They live for up to a year. 3．What can be inferred from the training process? A．Rats can find out all the explosives quickly. B．Most rats are quick learners. C．The training won’t stay the same. D．Real landmines aren’t used in training. 4．Which is the best title for the text? A．How Rats Contribute to Saving Life. B．Why Giant Rats Can Be Useful. C．How I Train Rats to Find Explosives. D．Why We Use Clicker to Train Rats. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己在一个非政府组织训练老鼠寻找爆炸物以帮助扫雷项目的故事。 1．推理判断题。根据第三段“My colleagues and I use a method called clicker training: we teach the rats to relate a click with a food reward, and then use clicks to gradually reward behaviour. (我和我的同事们使用了一种叫做“点击训练”的方法：我们教老鼠把咔嗒声和食物奖励联系起来，然后用咔嗒声来逐渐奖励行为)”可以推断，训练的关键是把行为和奖励联系起来。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中“They are born in sub-Saharan Africa and are the size of a small cat, which makes them easy to catch. (它们出生在撒哈拉以南非洲地区，体型像一只小猫，很容易被捕捉到)”可知，这种鼠类体型接近猫，很容易被捕获，即它们很容易获得。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“I work with our resident scientist to continually follow and improve our training program, because the rats are so clever that they can be smarter than trainers! (我和我们的常驻科学家一起工作，不断跟踪和改进我们的训练计划，因为老鼠非常聪明，它们可以比训练师更聪明！)”可知，作者和同事仍在不断跟踪和改进训练计划，可以推断训练不是一成不变的。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段中“My job is to train rats to find landmines (地雷) so the dangers can be cleared to save lives. (我的工作是训练老鼠找到地雷，这样危险就能被清除，拯救生命。)”可知，文章主要介绍了作者训练老鼠寻找爆炸物的方法和过程。所以短文的标题为“我如何训练老鼠寻找爆炸物”。故选C。 Passage 2 （24-25高一下·浙江温州·期中）While on tour in central Thailand, British musician Paul Barton has been surrounded by unruly audiences that pull his hair, steal his music and climb over his piano, while enjoying bananas. Barton is a rock star to hundreds of hungry wild monkeys that he hopes his music can calm, at a time when Thailand’ s coronavirus-induced tourism gap means fewer visitors to feed them, and less funds for their welfare. “We need to make an effort to make sure that they eat properly. And when they eat properly they will be calmer and will not be aggressive,” said Barton, 59, a long-time Thailand resident. Barton has played at four venues in Lopburi, a province famous for its attacking monkeys, including at an ancient Hindu temple, a hardware store and a deserted cinema. The monkeys are instantly drawn as he plays Greensleeves, Beethoven’s Fur Elise and Michael Nyman’s Diary of Love, some sharing his stool, others climbing onto his shoulders and touching his head. Barton maintains focus as a small monkey runs up and down the piano keys as others chew at his sheet music before one tries to take it away. “A wonderful opportunity to see the wild animals just being themselves,” said Barton, from Yorkshire in northern England. “I was surprised to play the piano and find that they were actually eating the music as I was playing it. I wasn’t going to let those things distract (使分心) from the project which is to play the music for these wonderful monkeys.” They are his latest audience, having played Bach, Schubert, Chopin, and Beethoven for more than a decade to elephants at retirement shelters. Barton hopes to raise awareness of the monkeys’ hunger while also studying their behavioral responses to classical music. 1．What does the underlined phrase “unruly audiences” in paragraph 1 refer to? A．Gentle visitors. B．Rude residents. C．Hungry elephants. D．Misbehaving monkeys. 2．What does Paul Barton hope to achieve through his performances? A．To make the monkeys happy and satisfied. B．To study the monkeys’ improper behavior. C．To ensure that the monkeys have enough food. D．To promote his own music career. 3．How does Barton act when monkeys interrupt his show? A．He stops playing to shout at them. B．He remains focused on his music. C．He offers food to distract them. D．He requests assistance from others. 4．What kind of person is Barton according to the passage? A．Kind-hearted and devoted. B．Responsible and caring. C．Warm-hearted and serious. D．Creative and strict. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲的是英国钢琴家保罗·巴顿在泰国旅游时为数百只饥饿的猴子演奏音乐，希望这一举措来提高人们对猴子饥饿的意识，从而让它们过得更好的故事。 1．词句猜测题。根据第一段划线词之后“that pull his hair, steal his music and climb over his piano, while enjoying bananas.(拉他的头发，偷他的乐谱，爬过他的钢琴，一边享用香蕉。)”以及第二段“Barton is a rock star to hundreds of hungry wild monkeys that he hopes his music can calm, at a time when Thailand’ s coronavirus-induced tourism gap means fewer visitors to feed them, and less funds for their welfare.(巴顿是数百只饥饿野生猴子的摇滚明星，他希望自己的音乐能让这些猴子平静下来，目前泰国因冠状病毒引发的旅游缺口意味着喂养它们的游客减少，用于它们福利的资金也减少。)”可知，在泰国中部的巡演中包围英国音乐家保罗·巴顿的是一群调皮的猴子，所以此处划线词unruly audiences指的是一群调皮的猴子，故选D项。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第二段““We need to make an effort to make sure that they eat properly. And when they eat properly they will be calmer and will not be aggressive,” said Barton, 59, a long-time Thailand resident.(我们需要努力确保他们合理饮食。59岁的巴顿长期居住在泰国，他说：“如果它们吃得好，就会更平静，不会有攻击性。”)可知，保罗·巴顿希望通过他的表演来实现猴子有足够食物的目标，故选C项。 3．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Barton maintains focus as a small monkey runs up and down the piano keys as others chew at his sheet music before one tries to take it away.(当一只小猴子在钢琴键上跑来跑去的时候，巴顿保持着专注，而其他猴子在啃咬着他的乐谱，其中一只还想把乐谱拿走。)”以及文章倒数第二段“I wasn’t going to let those things distract(使分心)from the project which is to play the music for these wonderful monkeys.”(我不想让这些事情分散我为这些可爱的猴子演奏音乐的注意力。)”可知，当猴子打断他的表演时，巴顿仍然专注于他的音乐，故选B项。 4．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“They are his latest audience, having played Bach, Schubert, Chopin, and Beethoven for more than a decade to elephants at retirement shelters.(他们是他最新的听众，十多年来，他一直在退休收容所为大象演奏巴赫、舒伯特、肖邦和贝多芬的作品。)”以及最后一段“Barton hopes to raise awareness of the monkeys’ hunger while also studying their behavioral responses to classical music.(巴顿希望在研究猴子对古典音乐的行为反应的同时，提高人们对猴子饥饿的意识。)”以及文章主要内容可知，英国音乐家保罗·巴顿希望通过音乐能提高人们对猴子饥饿的意识，从而让它们吃得更好，说明他是一个善良的人，同时巴顿数十年以来一直在为大象演奏贝多芬、巴赫等的古典作品，说明他有献身精神，故选A项。 Passage 3 （23-24高一下·浙江杭州·期中）In 2004, Pen Hadow became the first person to trek to the North Pole alone, without being resupplied on the way. That meant swimming through cold waters, and risking meeting polar bears. Just eight months later, he made a similar trip to the South Pole. Now he is back in the Arctic again, preparing for a more ambitious expedition. This time, however, more significance is attached. Pen and two colleagues will set out on a three-month, 1000 kilometers trek to the North Pole, taking detailed measurements of the thickness and density of the ice. Nobody has ever done this before, and he knows the results will be of great significance to the scientific community. This will be the truest picture so far of what global warming is doing to the ice that covers the polar region. Pen and his wife, Mary, live in the country with their two children. “It’s much harder to be away from them this time,” he admits. “They were one and five when I last went, and I made a mistake in the way I said goodbye. I thought it would be a good idea to say to my son, ‘You’re the man of the house now, look after your mum and your sister. ” He absolutely took it to heart, asking his mum how she was all the time, but the stress eventually became too much. While it was well intentioned, it was an unfair thing to do. He is spending these last days before departure preparing his things. With him will be Ann Daniels, one of the world’s leading polar explorers, and the photographer, Martin Hartley. They will be supported by a crew of six, flying in supplies. Being part of a team is actually more stressful to someone like him. Besides, something else is on his mind too. “I’m going to be 47 on Thursday. I’ve done far less training.” Why? “Organizational things always seem more urgent. So I’m almost fearful of what I’m going to ask of myself.” Pen believes his mission reconnects exploration with the search for knowledge that drove previous generations into the unknown. “Making it to the North Pole was a personal ambition and of limited value to anyone beyond the polar adventuring community. This time, scientists will profit from the data, and we’re creating a platform to expose as many people as possible to what’s happening in the Arctic Ocean. This is important work, and nobody can do it but us,” he says. “Our skills, which are otherwise not that necessary, have become really relevant. Suddenly, we’re socially useful again.” 1．What can we learn about Pen Hadow’s opinion of the new expedition in paragraph. 1? A．He is aware of its huge importance. B．He feels certain that it will be stressful. C．He thinks it similar to his previous journeys. D．He is confident with the help of a regional picture. 2．What does the underlined phrase “took it to heart” in paragraph 2 mean? A．He started to feel unwell. B．He memorized his father’s words. C．He was afraid of the responsibility. D．He carried out his father’s words carefully. 3．What is worrying Pen about the new expedition? A．Whether he will be mentally prepared. B．Whether supplies will be enough in time. C．Whether he will still be fit enough to take part. D．Whether the arrangements will turn out well. 4．Comparing the new expedition to his previous ones, how does Pen feel? A．He is uncertain if it will collect information. B．He is doubtful about its long-term usefulness. C．He is proud that they can contribute to scientific research. D．He is relieved that the general public will be more supportive. 5．Which of the following can best describe Pen Hadow? A．Adventurous and paranoid. B．Ambitious and responsible. C．Humorous and tough. D．Caring and influential. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．C 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文介绍了探险家Pen Hadow在北极的新探险任务，该任务不仅挑战他个人的极限，还将对科学研究产生重要意义。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Nobody has ever done this before, and he knows the results will be of great significance to the scientific community. This will be the truest picture so far of what global warming is doing to the ice that covers the polar region. ( 以前从来没有人这样做过，他知道这个结果对科学界来说意义重大。这将是迄今为止全球变暖对覆盖极地地区的冰造成的最真实的影响。)”可知，可知，Pen Hadow知道这次研究的结果对科学界有很大的意义。故选A。 2．词义猜测题。根据第二段中“I thought it would be a good idea to say to my son, ‘You’re the man of the house now, look after your mum and your sister. (我想对我儿子说：‘你现在是家里的男人了，照顾你妈妈和妹妹吧。’这是个好主意。)”以及后文“…asking his mum how she was all the time, but the stress eventually became too much. (……他一直在问妈妈过得怎么样，但压力最终变得太大了。)”可知，Pen Hadow在告别时告诉他的儿子要照顾好家里，他的儿子把这句话放在心上，并一直关心他的母亲。故划线词与D选项“He carried out his father’s words carefully. (他认真地执行父亲的话。)”为同义词。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Being part of a team is actually more stressful to someone like him. Besides, something else is on his mind too. “I’m going to be 47 on Thursday. I’ve done far less training.” Why? “Organizational things always seem more urgent. So I’m almost fearful of what I’m going to ask of myself.” (对像他这样的人来说，成为团队的一员实际上压力更大。再说，他心里还有别的事。“周四我就47岁了。我接受的训练要少得多。”为什么?“组织性的事情似乎总是更紧迫。所以我几乎害怕我对自己的要求。”)”可知，Pen Hadow担心自己没有进行足够的训练即他担心自己是否足够健康参加这次探险。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据第四段中“Pen believes his mission reconnects exploration with the search for knowledge that drove previous generations into the unknown. (Pen认为，他的使命是将探索与寻找知识重新联系起来，而正是这种探索驱使前几代人进入未知领域。)”以及“ This time, scientists will profit from the data, and we’re creating a platform to expose as many people as possible to what’s happening in the Arctic Ocean. (这一次，科学家们将从这些数据中获利，我们正在创建一个平台，让尽可能多的人了解北冰洋正在发生的事情。)”可知，Pen Hadow认为这次的使命是将探险与驱使前几代人进入未知世界的寻求知识的渴望重新联系起来，这次科学家将受益于这些数据，他们正在创造一个平台，让尽可能多的人了解北极洋正在发生的事情，即与以前的探险队相比，他为他们能为科学研究做出贡献而感到自豪。故选C。 5．推理判断题。根据第一段“In 2004, Pen Hadow became the first person to trek to the North Pole alone, without being resupplied on the way. That meant swimming through cold waters, and risking meeting polar bears. Just eight months later, he made a similar trip to the South Pole. Now he is back in the Arctic again, preparing for a more ambitious expedition. This time, however, more significance is attached. Pen and two colleagues will set out on a three-month, 1000 kilometers trek to the North Pole, taking detailed measurements of the thickness and density of the ice.  (2004年，Pen Hadow成为第一个在没有补给的情况下独自跋涉到北极的人。这意味着要在冰冷的海水中游泳，还要冒着遇到北极熊的风险。仅仅八个月后，他又进行了一次类似的南极之旅。现在他又回到了北极，准备进行一次更有野心的探险。然而，这一次有了更多的意义。Pen和他的两名同事将开始为期三个月、1000公里的长途跋涉，前往北极，对冰的厚度和密度进行详细测量。)”以及最后一段中“Pen believes his mission reconnects exploration with the search for knowledge that drove previous generations into the unknown. (Pen认为，他的使命是将探索与寻找知识重新联系起来，而正是这种探索驱使前几代人进入未知领域。)”以及通读全文可知，Pen Hadow独自完成了到北极和南极的旅行，现在又计划进行一项对科学界有重大意义的探险，因此Pen Hadow具有冒险精神，同时他的这次探险具有很大的意义，说明他是一个有责任心的人。故选B。 Passage 4 （23-24高一下·浙江·期中）As a young girl growing up in France, Sarah Toumi dreamed of becoming a leader who could make the world a better place. Her passion to help others was awakened when, from the age of nine, she accompanied her Tunisian father to his birthplace in the east of the country during holidays. There she organized homework clubs and activities for children. Toumi witnessed first-hand the destructive effect of desertification (沙漠化). “Within10 years rich farmers became worse off, and in 10 years from now they will be poor. I wanted to stop the Sahara Desert in its tracks.” A decrease in average rainfall and an increase in the severity of droughts have led to an estimated 75 percent of Tunisia’s agricultural lands being threatened by desertification. Toumi recognized that farming practices needed to change. She is confident that small land areas can bring large returns if farmers are able to adapt by planting sustainable (可持续的) crops, using new technologies for water treatment and focusing on natural products and fertilizers (肥料) rather than chemicals. In 2012, Toumi continued her dream to fight the desert. She moved to Tunisia, and set up a programme named Acacias for All to put her sustainable farming philosophy into action. “I want to show young people in rural areas that they can create opportunities where they are. Nobody is better able to understand the impact of desertification and climate change than somebody who is living with no access to water.” By September2016, more than 130, 000 acacia trees had been planted on 20 pilot farms, with farmers recording a 60 percent survival rate. Toumi estimates that some 3 million acacia trees are needed to protect Tunisia’s farmland. She expects to plant l million trees by 2028. In the next couple of years, Toumi hopes to extend the programme to Algeria and Morocco. 1．How did Toumi’s holiday trips to Tunisia influence her? A．They fired her enthusiasm for helping others. B．They helped her better understand her father. C．They made her decide to leave the country. D．They destroyed her dream of being a teacher. 2．What is the main cause of the desertification of Tunisia’s farmland? A．Cold weather. B．Soil pollution. C．Low rainfall. D．Forest damage. 3．Why did Toumi set up Acacias for All in Tunisia? A．To create job opportunities for young people. B．To promote the protection of their farmland. C．To persuade the farmers not to use fertilizers. D．To help the children obtain a basic education. 4．Which of the following can be the best title to the text? A．Saving Water in Africa B．Fighting Poverty in North Africa C．Holding back the Sahara D．Planting Trees in Tunisia 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Sarah Toumi的成长经历及其为对抗沙漠化、保护突尼斯农田所做出的努力，包括成立Acacias for All项目，种植树木以维护生态平衡，同时也提及了她的个人愿景和项目的发展影响。 1．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“As a young girl growing up in France, Sarah Toumi dreamed of becoming a leader who could make the world a better place. Her passion to help others was awakened when, from the age of nine, she accompanied her Tunisian father to his birthplace in the east of the country during holidays. There she organized homework clubs and activities for children. (作为一个在法国长大的年轻女孩，Sarah Toumi梦想成为一名能够让世界变得更美好的领导者。从九岁起，她就在假期陪伴Tunisian父亲前往他在该国东部的出生地，这唤醒了她帮助他人的热情。在那里，她为孩子们组织了家庭作业俱乐部和活动。)”可知，Toumi在Tunisian的假期旅行激发了她帮助他人的热情。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“A decrease in average rainfall and an increase in the severity of droughts have led to an estimated 75 percent of Tunisia’s agricultural lands being threatened by desertification. (平均降雨量的减少和干旱严重程度的增加导致突尼斯大约75%的农业用地受到荒漠化的威胁。)”可知，导致突尼斯农田沙漠化的主因是降水量减少。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“In 2012, Toumi continued her dream to fight the desert. She moved to Tunisia, and set up a programme named Acacias for All to put her sustainable farming philosophy into action. “I want to show young people in rural areas that they can create opportunities where they are. Nobody is better able to understand the impact of desertification and climate change than somebody who is living with no access to water.” (2012年，Toumi继续她与沙漠作战的梦想。她搬到了突尼斯，建立了一个名为“Acacias for All”的项目，将她的可持续农业理念付诸行动。“我想向农村地区的年轻人展示，他们可以在自己所在的地方创造机会。没有人比那些生活在没有水的地方的人更能理解荒漠化和气候变化的影响。”)”和第五段中“Toumi estimates that some 3 million acacia trees are needed to protect Tunisia’s farmland. (Toumi估计需要大约300万棵金合欢树来保护Tunisia的农田。)”可知，Toumi建立Acacias for All的目的是为了推广保护他们农田的行动。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第二段“Toumi witnessed first-hand the destructive effect of desertification (沙漠化).  “Within10 years rich farmers became worse off, and in 10 years from now they will be poor.  I wanted to stop the Sahara Desert in its tracks.”  A decrease in average rainfall and an increase in the severity of droughts have led to an estimated 75 percent of Tunisia’s agricultural lands being threatened by desertification. (图米亲眼目睹了沙漠化的破坏性影响。“在10年内，富裕的农民变得更穷，再过10年，他们将变穷。我想阻止撒哈拉沙漠的发展。”平均降雨量的减少和干旱严重程度的增加导致突尼斯大约75%的农业用地受到荒漠化的威胁。)”可知，文章主要讲述了Sarah Toumi为阻止沙漠化进程所做的努力，包括改变农业实践、种植金合欢树等，旨在保护突尼斯的农田免受沙漠化威胁。因此，“Holding back the Sahara (阻挡Sahara)”最能概括文章主题。故选C。 Passage 5 （24-25高一下·浙江舟山·期中）Arbor Day came from the mind of a tree lover named Julius Sterling Morton, who had a passion for planting all kinds of trees. Morton was born in Adams, New York, in 1832, but his life took a decisive turn on his wedding day in October 1854. After he and his bride, Caroline Joy French, were married in Detroit, they headed west for adventure in the wilds of Nebraska Territory. The couple settled on 160 treeless acres (the key word here is treeless). Despite being busy with his work and having four sons, Morton planted thousands of trees on the homestead he called the Morton “ranche”. He planted an apple orchard, as well as peach, plum, and pear trees, plus cottonwoods, evergreens, beeches, and more. Morton took every opportunity he could to spread the word. He gave speeches and filled his newspaper with agricultural advice, urging Nebraskans to plant trees and try new crops. Today, the family home, Arbor Lodge, is a state park in Nebraska City, Nebraska. Over the years, Arbor Lodge grew from a four-room home into a 52-room mansion, complete with a terraced garden, a pine grove, and 65 acres of more than 250 varieties of trees and shrubs. Julius Sterling Morton died at the age of 70 on April 27, 1902, writing just a month earlier that he hoped to plant trees as soon as the weather turned warm. A statue of him stands in the National Hall of Fame in Washington, D．C． Highlights from Morton’s Career ·Morton worked as a journalist and a politician, becoming secretary and acting governor of the Nebraska Territory from 1858 to 1861. ·In 1872, Morton declared: “If I had the power, I would compel every man in the State who had a home of his own to plant out fruit trees.” ·In 1893, President Grover Cleveland appointed him U.S. Secretary of Agriculture. He also served on the Nebraska State Board of Agriculture and the State Horticultural Society. 1．What do we know about Julius Sterling Morton? A．He planted trees on weddings. B．He was crazy for adventure. C．He was fond of planting trees. D．He had no time for planting. 2．What did Morton do to achieve his goal of tree planting? A．He spread words about his adventures. B．He called on people to plant trees. C．He tried to find adventures in the wilds. D．He planted only fruit trees in his garden. 3．What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Arbor Lodge? A．To suggest planting more trees. B．To show the great practice of Morton. C．To illustrate the beauty of Morton’s home. D．To prove human can change nature. 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Who Was Julius Sterling Morton? B．What Is Arbor Day? C．What Is the History of Arbor Day? D．What Is the Power of Trees? 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．B 4．A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了植树节来自一位名叫朱利叶斯·斯特林·莫顿的树木爱好者的想法，他对种植各种各样的树木充满了热情。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Arbor Day came from the mind of a tree lover named Julius Sterling Morton, who had a passion for planting all kinds of trees.(植树节来自一位名叫朱利叶斯·斯特林·莫顿的树木爱好者的想法，他对种植各种各样的树木充满了热情)”可知，朱利叶斯·斯特林·莫顿喜欢种树。故选C项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“Morton took every opportunity he could to spread the word.  He gave speeches and filled his newspaper with agricultural advice, urging Nebraskans to plant trees and try new crops.(莫顿抓住一切机会传播这个消息。他发表演讲，并在报纸上刊登农业建议，敦促内布拉斯加州人种树和尝试新作物)”可知，莫顿号召人们植树来实现他植树的目标。故选B项。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段“Today, the family home, Arbor Lodge, is a state park in Nebraska City, Nebraska. Over the years, Arbor Lodge grew from a four-room home into a 3-room mansion, complete with a terraced garden, a pine grove, and 65 acres of more than 250 varieties of trees and shrubs.(如今，Arbor Lodge是内布拉斯加州内布拉斯加市的一座州立公园。多年来，Arbor Lodge从一个有四个房间的房子发展成为一个有3个房间的豪宅，包括一个梯田花园、一个松林和65英亩的250多种树木和灌木)”可推知，作者提到Arbor Lodge的目的是展示莫顿的伟大实践。故选B项。 4．主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第一段中“Arbor Day came from the mind of a tree lover named Julius Sterling Morton, who had a passion for planting all kinds of trees.(植树节来自一位名叫朱利叶斯·斯特林·莫顿的树木爱好者的想法，他对种植各种各样的树木充满了热情)”可知，文章主要讲述了主人公朱利叶斯·斯特林·莫顿的人物故事以及他对种植各种各样的树木充满了热情，从而设立了植树节。由此可知，文章最适合的标题是“谁是朱利叶斯·斯特林·莫顿？”故选A项。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题05 阅读理解（记叙文） 主题01 人与自我 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·浙江温州·期中）While college graduation often marks the end of a long adventure, it was just the beginning for recent college graduates Sarah Harper and Sarah Brightfield. Ten days after Harper graduated in July 2023, the couple began a 463-day journey throughout all 50 states and eight Canadian provinces with their yellow camper van (野营车), Peace Blossom. Brightfield began dreaming of vanlife in 2019 during her first road trip in a rented camper van. Harper, on the other hand, had never been camping before. Harper had an interest in travel and adventure but never expected that would come in the form of a camper van. The couple first took short trips, starting with a week-long road trip to the Upper Peninsula of Michigan in August 2020. After this, they gradually increased the length of time of their road trips, visiting famous national parks in places like Utah, Wyoming, Colorado and Arizona for two to three weeks at a time. Finally, they decided to set out on the trip of a lifetime following Harper’s graduation. They hit the road with clothes for all seasons and no expectations. The trip literally started with a loud noise, as Peace Blossom’s brake (刹车) lines went out while the two were leaving Kansas City at the trip’s start. To make matters worse, the two decided to ride their bikes around town while waiting on the van repairs, but the bikes were stolen after Brightfield and Harper parked them in a friend’s driveway when they went inside to change clothes. Luckily, they received much help on the rest of their trip. Strangers offered them places to stay, wash clothes and take showers. In Arizona, a man named Dusty pulled them out of a sand dune (沙丘). During the trip, they saw social justice (公正) history at the Emmett Till Memorial in Mississippi. They also saw the real-life effects of climate change during the serious wildfires in Washington State. Brightfield, who studied civil engineering and water quality in college, was attracted to see issues about water resources on the road. 1．What do we know about the couple’s trip from paragraph 1 and 2? A．It was inspired by a national park visit. B．It began immediately after high school. C．It was Brightfield’s dream but new to Harper. D．It lasted more than a year throughout America. 2．What challenge did the couple face right after starting their trip? A．Difficulty in finding a camper van. B．Being stuck in the extreme weather. C．Theft of their bikes during van repairs. D．The van’s breakdown due to engine failure. 3．Why does the author mention Dusty in the last paragraph? A．To show the challenges the couple faced. B．To show the kindness the couple received. C．To stress the important role strangers played. D．To compare the people in Arizona to those in Kansas. 4．Which of the following best describes the couple’s trip of a lifetime? A．Romantic B．Interesting. C．Comfortable. D．Educational. Passage 2 （24-25高一下·浙江·期中）“Lei ming m ming baak ngo gong ge waa ah? Do you understand what I am saying?” I stare back at the speaker blankly, my lips parted, the ideas clear in my mind but a response unable to express itself in a language in my distant range. After an uncomfortable pause, a few words came out of my mouth, sounding forced and unnatural. The anecdote (轶事) above is a semi-conversation I had in Malaysia years ago. A three-week stay in Malaysia once every few years was often the best part of my summers - what more can you ask from a food heaven? But besides the family, food, and escape that Malaysia offered, trips also brought mixed feelings of guilt (愧疚) that I just couldn’t seem to translate. For one month every few summers, I got a taste of what it feels to be an outsider in my own culture, looking in. I was a girl lost in translation, quietly absorbing the various tongues shouted in the wet markets, and nodding along at my grandparents’ huge family dinners. In America though, I am a different person. I don’t think twice about my grammar when speaking. I don’t struggle with the words and fear that my stories won’t get through to people. So as a native English speaker, I do not have to worry daily about whether I’m judged for having an accent or whether I’m misunderstood across languages. In Malaysia, I naturally burst out “have you eaten?” instead of recalling the Malaysian expressions “you makan already?” In Malaysia, everything about the way I speak — my accent, intonation, sentence structure, slang — gives me away. My American-ness is seen in the way I talk, dress, and act. Maybe my face could pass for a Malaysian local, but once I open my mouth to speak I am so clearly not. It is uncomfortable and awkward, and sometimes I wonder if I did not look Asian at all would it be better, since there would be no more language expectation for me than for a white tourist. 1．Which of the following can best describe the author in the anecdote? A．Awkward. B．Anxious. C．Confident. D．Upset. 2．What made the author feel guilty according to Paragraph 2? A．Enjoying Malaysian food too much. B．Short visits causing family distance. C．Failing to translate dialects at markets. D．Cultural disconnect during family time. 3．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．The author avoids speaking in Malaysia. B．The author feels trapped by language. C．The author prefers American identity. D．The author’s face causes confusion. 4．What does the text mainly talk about? A．Food culture in Malaysia. B．A girl between two cultures. C．Challenges from learning Malay language. D．Differences between American and Malaysian cultures. Passage 3 （24-25高一下·浙江·期中）One of the basic expectations the public have of doctors is honesty. But what would you think if I told you that research has shown that 70 percent of doctors admitted to lying to their patients? This seems unimaginable but I have told lies to several patients whose spouses (配偶) had died. Mrs. Walton was in her eighties and desperate to see her husband. She’d been in hospital after a fall and was in pain. She called out for him frequently and couldn’t understand why he wasn’t there to comfort her. She was becoming more upset and would try to get up to find him, in spite of being at risk of falling again. “He’s on his way, don’t worry,” the nurses would say and this would calm her down. She’d smile and roll her eyes and say how he was always late for things and tell the same story about him being late for their wedding nearly 60 years ago. Part of the natural history of many of the dementias (痴呆), in particular Alzheimer’s disease which is what Mrs. Walton had, is that the sufferer loses their memory of recent events, but retains memories from the distant past. Sufferers are trapped forever in a puzzling past. It is strongly upsetting and tormenting. Many of the behavioral difficulties that I have seen in those with dementia relate to them feeling scared and confused that they are surrounded by strange people, even when they are surrounded by their family, because they have regressed back to decades ago. They look at their adult children confused and wonder who they could be because they think their children are still toddlers (幼童). How does one address this? I have had countless families break down in tears in clinics, not knowing what to say or how to react as their loved one moves further and further away from them back into their distant past and they are left behind in the present. The lies that doctors and nurses tell these patients are not big, elaborate lies — they are brief confirmations intended to comfort and allow the subject to be swiftly changed. It is, when done in the right way, kind and compassionate. Sometimes, honesty is simply not the best policy. 1．Why did the nurses lie to Mrs. Walton? A．To persuade her into taking medicine. B．To comfort her and change the subject. C．To stop her complaining about her husband. D．To bring her back to memories of old times. 2．Which of the following has the closest meaning to the underlined word in paragraph 3? A．Painful. B．Frightening. C．Regretful. D．Confusing. 3．What can we infer from the text? A．The majority of the doctors are absolutely honest with their patients. B．People suffering from dementias are stuck in distant memories. C．Patients with dementias are usually frightened by unfamiliar people. D．Individuals undergoing dementias are left behind by their loved ones. 4．What’s the author’s attitude towards doctors telling lies to certain patients? A．Disapproving. B．Neutral. C．Indifferent. D．Supportive. Passage 4 （24-25高一下·浙江·期中）Charles Lloyd, the eighty-four-year-old vintage musician who not only toured Europe this summer but is also releasing three new albums, each recorded with a different trio (三重奏) — “Trio of Trios.” Lloyd was recently in town, and on a steamy Sunday night he played a sold-out two-and-a-half-hour show, performing with one of his trios, held in Sony Hall, a Times Square basement space. Lloyd is a young person in an old person’s body with a passion for music since his youth. When he grew up, his mother provided accommodation for performers who were banned from local hotels, Duke Ellington among them. As a boy fond of instrument at the age of three, Lloyd was in heaven. He said, “I would wait for those guys to get up in the morning because I had so many questions.” One day, his mother told Ellington that her son wanted to be a musician. But Duke said, “No, he has to be a doctor, lawyer, or Indian chief, because this stuff is too hard — the life. Don’t let him do it.” But by that time, Lloyd was bit by the cobra, and there was no turning back. After some apprenticeships, he formed a band in 1965, with Keith Jarrett, then an unknown, on piano. The group had multiple gold records on Atlantic, and even played in San Francisco in 1967. But His career was not all smooth sailing. For much of the seventies and eighties, he holed up for he was exhausted and it seemed that he had run out of his talent because of the hassles of touring and also some unhealthy living habits. After years of struggling, Lloyd eventually managed to set off once more and further his music journey. “What keeps me younger than springtime is that I’m still learning, I’m still growing,” he went on. “I’ve got experience, but I’ve got a beginner’s mind, and that’s a blessing.” Still, he admitted, the touring continue to weigh on him and he’s thought about slowing down-at some point. “The Creator has a carrot on a stick,” he added. “you know, and I’m always falling short and I never got good enough to quit.” 1．What do the underlined words “bit by the cobra” indicate in the third paragraph? A．Change his mind.B．Argue with Duke. C．Set his mind. D．Adopt the suggestion. 2．Which of the following statements about Lloyd is not right? A．Lloyd worked into his eighties, still quite productive. B．Lloyd formed a band in 1965 and then it became a hit. C．In 1967, Lloyd performed a show with his band in San Francisco. D．Lloyd would never think about slowing down. 3．What can we infer from the text? A．Lloyd is always successful in his career. B．Doctor, lawyer and chef are equally good occupations. C．Lloyd was fond of instrument at the age of three. D．Previously music performers had a struggling life. 4．What is the text mainly about? A．A man would naturally meet setbacks in his life journey. B．Love about music should be developed at young age to exist lifelong. C．The life soup still needs to be stirred whatever the age is. D．If one wants to succeed in life, make sure there is no turning back. Passage 5 （24-25高一下·浙江宁波·期中）Beijing helped make my dreams come true. When I studied in Beijing, it heard my voice, accompanied me through sunrise and sunset and gave me courage to move forward. The beauty of Beijing is deeply carved in my mind. Against the red walls and green riles (瓦) of the Forbidden City, sparkling snowflakes float down from the sky, creating a beautiful and serene picture. To me, who grew up in the tropics, snow seems as attractive as the forbidden fruit from the Garden of Eden. After a night's snow, everywhere magically becomes as beautiful as a fairy tale. Did you see the first snow in Beijing in the winter of 2020-2021? I saw it and touched it in person. Located in the outskirts (市郊) of Beijing, Beijing WTown (古北水镇) is a small town with many of the architectural features of the classical gardens in the historical city of Suzhou in eastern China. When snow fall, it looks like a perfect landscape painting. I still feel warm when I recall the scene now, and words can't adequately express my feelings at that time. A scene like this is capable of relieving any amount stress for tourists. I love Beijing not only for its fascinating sights but also for the precious friendship I established with international students studying here. Beijing is a place where students from various countries meet. Although it often seems exciting when we meet, saying goodbye remains inevitable. Even though all good things must come to an end, everything has its season, and the time to come together will come again. Many other moments inspire me to express my feelings to Beijing. I know that these memories will eventually dissolve in fragments of time, but so what? I love Beijing and always will. 1．Why does the author compare snow to the forbidden fruit in paragraph 3? A．To praise Beijing. B．To show her love of snow. C．To describe snow. D．To state the truth of weather. 2．What does the underlined word “inevitable” in the last to second paragraph mean? A．Unavoidable. B．Important. C．Valuable. D．Challenging. 3．What can we learn about the author according to the text? A．She liked the sunrise and sunset in Beijing. B．She was sensitive to the weather of Beijing. C．She was attracted by different aspects in Beijing. D．She felt both happy and sad in Beijing WTown. 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．An Unforgettable Journey B．The Snow in Beijing C．A Beautiful City—WTown D．My Beijing Fascination Passage 6 （24-25高一下·浙江杭州·期中）My childhood was a painted picture of a sunny sky and rolling green fields stretching to the horizon. It tasted of sharp berries and smelt of sour grapes. My family lived in a cabin in the countryside, but I lived in my mother’s arms. They were so delicate but strong, and her red hair falling around me was like a curtain that separated me from the world. Childhood was simple. The borders of my village were the furthest my troubles went and monsters only lived in the pages of books. Every day was a waking dream of running races and muddy knees. My village was archaic, dying cabins housing dying farmers with dying traditions. There weren’t many children but me and the other boys; boys of butchers and sellers formed our own group. They called us wild. I suppose we were. Trees and mountains formed our playgrounds and fights broke out as easily as sudden laughter. Liberated (解放) from the restrictions of society, we would bound into the woods, deeper and deeper until we found a lake which, with a wild yell, we would jump into all at once. My most vivid memories from boyhood center around that lake. Water shone brightly and the sounds of our screams broke into the outery from birds. The shock of cold water against sweating skin would wake every nerve in my body and my bare feet would hit the sinking muddy bottom. As we submerged (浸没), time would stop, movements slowing as bubbles rose around us. I was drowning. I was living. I was living. I was drowning. For timelessness or a second (both felt the same), we would pause, curl up, and then be forced back out into breathing air. We should have known that it wouldn’t last forever. Yet, even under the best circumstances, there’s something so tragic about growing up: your perspective on the people and life around you changes; you always struggle to reach a mirror, only to find yourself tall enough to see your reflection one day and find a different person staring back out at you. 1．Why does the author describe his mother’s red hair as “a curtain that separated me from the world”? A．To show her artistic personality. B．To emphasize her protective presence. C．To reveal his fear of social interactions. D．To illustrate his fascination with colors. 2．What does the underlined word “archaic” in paragraph 2 most probably mean? A．Time-honored. B．Old-fashioned. C．Mountain-ringed. D．Self-employed. 3．What does the lake symbolize in the author’s boyhood memories? A．A dangerous pause in life. B．A mirror reflecting adulthood. C．A prison of social restrictions. D．A state of immersion in the present. 4．What message does the author convey in the last paragraph? A．Struggle and challenge make a man grow up. B．Childhood joy is completely erased by growth C．Growth often brings unavoidable self-reinvention. D．The regret of growth is that people can’t find a mirror. Passage 7 （24-25高一下·浙江·期中）People often react strangely to the 10-year age gap between my kids. Some strangers ask if they’ re from the same marriage or if the younger was an “accident”. Some joke we’ re “starting over” late. Maybe we are — but we’ re perfectly happy with our choice. Like any family, we face challenges. My tween needs homework help during her brother’s bath time. Sometimes she has sports events and parties while he stays home sick, needing care. She enjoys patterns and graphic novels; he chews books and throws toys. They won’t spend mornings building Legos together like same-aged siblings (兄弟姐妹) might. Yet these differences feel manageable. If schedules clash, my fifth grader waits or solves problems herself. Though their meals differ, we always eat together. While their skills show the age gap most clearly, this actually benefits them both. Despite the decade between them, they share toys and activities. When she plays the piano, he sings beside her. When she draws, he scribbles(涂鸦) nearby. The little one learns from his “expert” big sister, while she enjoys his constant admiration — to him, she’ s practically the sun itself. Last week at a berry farm, my daughter raced ahead with cousins. Her brother kept stuffing berries into his cheeks, ignoring my calls. “Get Nic!” I told her. Without turning, she yelled “Come!” He instantly dropped his fruit and ran after her. Though still awkward, he comforts her when she’s upset, climbing into her lap for hugs. When she’s bored, he brings yummy cookies and candies — gifts filled with pure love no age gap can erase. No parent-child bond matches the unique connection between siblings. Others might question our family, but I wouldn’t change a thing. 1．The underlined word “clash” in Paragraph 3 most probably means         . A．Limit. B．Disagree. C．Approve. D．Match. 2．Which activity may the siblings NOT share according to the text? A．Reading children’s books together. B．Cooperating on a musical performance. C．Engaging in artistic creation side by side. D．Sharing snacks during emotional moments. 3．What message does the last paragraph convey? A．Children are raised according to their ages. B．Social opinions influence parenting strategies. C．Sibling connections go beyond age differences. D．Parent-child relationships require more attention. 4．What is the mother’s attitude towards the age gap between her children? A．Negative. B．Indifferent. C．Worried. D．Positive. Passage 8 （24-25高一下·浙江衢州·期中）Imagine a warm, summer day at Juhu Beach in Mumbai. Ocean waves crash along the shore; the sun shines on the horizon. But what if the sun sets in Juhu and doesn’t rise again for months and the sea freezes over? Well, this is the kind of place where I’ve worked over the last decade. As a sea ice scientist, I live through the winter in the 24x7 polar (极地的) darkness and extremely low temperatures of six-month-long nights in the Arctic and the Antarctic. Yet, my early experiences were far from pleasant. Besides being unable to clearly mark the passage of time, the lack of sunlight brings both a physical and a mental suffering. One’s body clock turns off, leading to constant tiredness and little drive to focus on work. My mood is a very flat sine wave (正弦波). Missing family and friends makes it worse. Unlike where I grew up — in warm, green Trivandrum, Kerala, filled with rich sights, sounds and people —l ife at the Poles is quiet. As the days shorten, almost all life starts to leave looking for warmer lands, but those who stay are greeted by breathtaking glacier (冰川) and an otherworldly view. In the coldest winter months, the sun seems to live only in memory. Its disappearance, however, is not real: Polar lights, showing blue, red, yellow and green, snake like waving curtains across the deep black sky, reminding me that the light shall one day return and there is wonder to enjoy. It took me years to adapt and fall in love with these environments and now I am excited to throw myself into another journey in this land of darkness and slow-moving time. What pulls me back time and again is its unshakable peace and calmness. It quiets you, fills you with wonder and changes your soul. Being restless by nature, I have had to find patience, build determination, and learn how to solve problems without losing control. 1．Why does the author ask readers to imagine a day in paragraph 1? A．To inspire readers’ imagination. B．To show his regret for his choice. C．To share a place he dreamt about. D．To stress the hardship he suffered. 2．How does the author probably feel at the beginning of the job? A．Rather excited. B．Extremely upset. C．A little enjoyable. D．Greatly nervous. 3．What is paragraph 3 mainly about in terms of polar life? A．The amazing beauty. B．The scientific wonders. C．The former good lives. D．The upsetting quietness. 4．Why did the author fall in love with the polar life? A．He a preference for challenges. B．It benefited his scientific exploration. C．He adapted to the tough environment. D．It improved his character and qualities. 主题02 人与社会 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·浙江·期中）When Ma Jun was born, his parents noticed something unusual. His limbs were weak, and he couldn’t move or stand without help. While his peers ran and played, Ma could only sit in a wheelchair, watching in frustration. For years, his parents carried Ma on their backs to school, braving wind and rain. In 2016, Ma passed his college entrance exams, but he faced a dilemma. With limited resources, his family couldn’t manage both sons’ education. Then Ma made a decision to stay home, sacrificing (牺牲) his own learning opportunity for his brother. This decision, though rooted in love, threw Ma into hopelessness. Longing to attend university and prove himself despite his condition, Ma instead found himself stuck in bed, feeling desperate. The turning point came when a friend gave him a book, Shi Tiesheng’s best-seller I and the Temple of Earth. Shi, a famous writer who also uses a wheelchair, had transformed his struggles into profound literature. As he read, Ma felt a spark of hope lighting up his world. Shi’s vivid observations and unshaken hope inspired Ma deeply. He was struck by the realization that someone with similar struggles could find meaning and joy in life. Later, he started on a three-year journey of writing the book The Green and White Stone Steps by recording his own life, pouring his heart and soul into the words. In June 2023, Ma received unexpected good news that his book was one of 10 selected for publication through the project “Stars of Literature by Chinese Ethnic Writers”. This achievement marked a significant milestone in his literary journey. Then, the Junma Awards for Ethnic Literature announced this year’s awards, and Ma became the youngest winner of this year’s Junma Awards for Ethnic Literature in the prose category. Having fought against the illness for many years, Ma never defines himself as a man to be pitied. “I don’t think my experiences are tragic. Everyone in this world suffers from something. For me, it’s physical; for some others, it’s emotional. We’re all fighting our own battles,” he says. Writing is not just a profession for Ma — it’s a lifeline, a way to connect with the world and leave behind a legacy of courage, sincerity and hope. 1．Why did Ma give up attending university? A．His parents didn’t want to support his education. B．His brother showed a stronger desire to study. C．His family was facing financial difficulties. D．His physical condition prevented him from continuing his education. 2．What do we know about Ma’s book The Green and White Stone Steps? A．It was inspired by his friend. B．It was finished in 7 years. C．It was based on Shi’s personal story. D．It got recognition in the literary world. 3．Which of the following can best describe Ma Jun? A．Talented and optimistic. B．Selfless and honest. C．Farsighted and patient. D．Brave and confident. 4．What message does the text convey? A．Failure is the mother of success. B．Chance favors the prepared mind. C．Misfortune doesn’t define who you are. D．He who laughs last laughs longest. Passage 2 （24-25高一下·浙江台州·期中）When Alex was 15 and in middle school, he saw his best friend Lily facing a major challenge-she had a severe learning disability. Reading and understanding complex texts was extremely hard for her, which hurt her grades and made her lose confidence. Determined to support her, Alex made up his mind to find a solution. One day, while carelessly reading Reader’s Digest, Alex chanced upon an article about the shocking power of artificial intelligence (AI) in education. Deeply inspired by the article, he made up his mind to create an Al-based learning tool that could effectively help students like Lily. Alex spent months learning programming languages and algorithms (算法). He faced numerous tough challenges along the way, such as checking and reorganizing codes (代码) , which mean programming instructions, and searching for relevant data, which mean information having something to do with developing such an app. However, he never thought of giving up. Finally, he developed an app called “ReadEase”, which uses AI to analyze texts and provide simplified explanations, synonyms, and clear audio-readings. It can also track the user’s progress and offer personalized learning plans. When Alex introduced “ReadEase” to Lily, she was doubtful at first. “But to my surprise, after using it for a few weeks, I noticed a significant improvement in my reading skills. I can finally understand what I'm reading.” Lily said excitedly. The success of “ReadEase” didn’t stop there. Alex shared his invention with his school’s teachers, who were deeply impressed by its huge potential. They started using the app in their classes to help students with learning difficulties. Now, Alex is working on improving “ReadEase” and hopes to make it available to more students around the world. “I want to use technology to make a positive impact on people’s lives,” he said with great enthusiasm. 1．Why did Alex decide to create “ReadEase”? A．To win a science fair. B．To help his close friend. C．To finish a school project. D．To show his knowledge about AI. 2．What challenge did Alex meet while creating the app? A．Finding similar examples to follow. B．Lacking time and money. C．Figuring out suitable programming languages. D．Coding programming instructions properly. 3．What can we infer from Lily’s words? A．She is not used to the app. B．The app is of great help to her. C．The app doesn’t function well. D．She still has difficulty reading. 4．Which of the following best describes Alex according to the text? A．Creative and determined. B．Out-going and generous. C．Humorous and earnest. D．Cool-headed and responsible. Passage 3 （24-25高一下·浙江·期中）At the Boxing County Lyuju Opera Troupe, in east China’s Shandong province, Liu Ning, 41 and his student Wang Chenglong, 24 were rehearsing Sisters’Marriage Switch, a classic from Lyuju Opera. As one of the major local operas, Lyuju Opera was put on China’s National Intangible Cultural Heritage List in 2008. “During festivals, villages in my hometown would stage operas. My grandmother always took me along, though I only watched for fun at the beginning,” Wang recalled. His artistic awakening came during a Maoqiang (another Shandong opera style) performance. “Charmed, I registered in Maoqiang training after junior high, unprepared for the rigors.” The training was extremely strict: a short section of recitation, only eight words, needs to be practiced for a whole week until there is no mistake in posture, expression, or tone, and if there was a small mistake in the position of the tongue, it meant starting over. Because of this difficulty, Wang gave up. But his later factory work taught him life’s hardships. Learning from experience, he seized a second chance through registration in the local Lyuju Opera Class. As graduation approached, Wang heard that young actors were needed in the Boxing County Lyuju Opera Troupe, so he chose to join and stay in this troupe. Today, he has become a leading drama expert, and he is also actively promoting new media communication. On Tiktok, he has nearly 30,000 fans, many of whom are local people, and a large number of young people are attracted to it. He shared his own performances and those of his daily life of training, which received a lot of attention and praise. In fact, Lyuju Opera still has a very large elderly audience in many areas of Shandong. Liu said, “Today, the attraction of Lyuju Opera in Boxing county is still very strong. Performances may not need the top stage, or even a stage, they occur in the local communities, hidden in every corner of Boxing.” 1．Why did Wang Chenglong decide to go after opera training after junior high? A．He was attracted by a Maoqiang peformance. B．He intended to promote national cultural heritage. C．He wanted to escape the hardships of factory work. D．He was encouraged to join the troupe by his grandmother. 2．What does the underlined word in paragraph 2 mean? A．Surprise. B．Excitement. C．Difficulty. D．Sadness. 3．How has Wang Chenglong contributed to the promotion of Lyuju Opera? A．By performing on large stages in major cities. B．By organizing large-scale opera festivals in Shandong. C．By teaching opera to elderly audiences in local communities. D．By using social media to share his performances and training. 4．Which of the following words can best describe Wang Chenglong? A．Strict and traditional. B．Devoted and adaptable. C．Open-minded and determined. D．Kind and generous. Passage 4 （24-25高一下·浙江·期中）Mary Anning, and the Jurassic Coast are forever connected: their stories are marked not only in history books but also in the very layers of rock that make up this amazing part of the English coastline. Mary, born in 1799 in Lyme Regis, became one of the most famous fossil hunters the world has ever seen. From a young age, Mary and her brother Joseph explored the beaches and rocksides, breaking the secrets hidden within the Jurassic Coast’s rocks. These were no ordinary rocks, preserving the remains of creatures that lived millions of years ago, during the Jurassic period. In Lyme, fossil collecting was dangerous work. With strong determination, Mary moved across the dangerous ground beneath the cliffs during the low tide in search of precious fossils, which held great scientific worth. In 1811, Mary discovered the complete bones of an Ichthyosaurus, a marine reptile (海洋爬行动物) looking like a dolphin. This was the first complete Ichthyosaurus ever found, and it completely changed our understanding of these ancient creatures. Mary’s finds continued to astonish the scientific community. Her discoveries opened new ways for scientists to study the ancient world. Despite her contributions, Mary faced many challenges. As a woman from a working-class background, she received little recognition for her work. Many of her discoveries were credited to male scientists, and she often struggled financially to support herself and her family. Yet, Mary’s devotion to her work never faded. She continued to study fossils, even when things were very difficult. Today, Mary Anning is celebrated as a pioneer in fossil science. Her discoveries helped shape our understanding of the Jurassic period and the creatures that lived during that time. Her story is not only proof of her personal strength but also an inspiration to future generations of scientists. 1．Which words best describe Mary’s fossil-hunting work according to paragraph 2? A．Dull but rewarding. B．Tough but well-paid. C．Risky but valuable. D．Demanding but fun-filled. 2．What is the significance of Mary’s Ichthyosaurus discovery in 1811? A．It explained how coastlines changed. B．It helped identify new types of fossils. C．It attracted international fossil traders. D．It redefined ancient marine life studies. 3．What greatly limited Mary’s development in fossil science? A．Class and gender. B．Age and race. C．Education and resources. D．Health and equipment. 4．What can we learn from Mary’s story? A．Practice makes perfect. B．Pride comes before a fall. C．Where there’s a will, there’s a way. D．What doesn’t kill you makes you stronger. Passage 5 （24-25高一下·浙江·期中）At 12, my father decided to take me a trip to France. I had never been out of the country before, so I was very excited. My aunt, my father and I went around with my father showing us all the unbelievable attractions in Paris. None of us spoke much French but we loved the city. We had taken the subway all over the city and were congratulating ourselves on our understanding of what is honestly a good subway design that is pretty easy to follow. We decided to visit Versailles by train. We chatted happily along the way until my father realized we were far into the French countryside and no one around spoke English. We reached the end of the line and felt frightened when everyone finally left the train. An old man and his grandchild noticed us and came up to help. He spoke no English, so in broken French we tried to explain. When he finally understood, this great man settled his grandson and showed us to the correct train and then got on it with us. Later we knew the truth that there was a train transfer(换乘)and he didn’t want us to miss it. This kind man rode a train an hour and a half out of his way to make sure that three Americans got where they wanted to be. He refused to let us pay for his ticket. He did it all with a gentle smile and shook our hands gently at the stop. Then with his quiet way, he got on the train to return the way he had come. What impressed me most was the man and his kindness during the amazing trip. Some Americans think the French are rude for some reason, but I always try to make them change their minds with this story. 1．Why was the author excited about the trip to France? A．He could see unbelievable attractions. B．He had never been abroad before. C．He could take the subway all over the city. D．He could go around with his aunt and father. 2．What happened to the author and his family on the train? A．They were lost in the French countryside. B．They had a quarrel with the other passengers. C．They found it hard to understand the subway design. D．They met an old man and his grandchild immediately. 3．The old man helped them ________. A．by paying for their tickets B．by teaching them some French C．by showing them the correct train D．by taking them to Versailles directly 4．What’s the purpose of the author’s writing the passage? A．To show the importance of learning a foreign language. B．To explain an unexpected problem and offer practical tips for future travelers. C．To share an unforgettable foreign experience that left a deep impression on him. D．To list the unbelievable attractions in Paris through personal travel experiences. 主题01 人与自然 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·浙江·期中）My job is to train rats to find landmines (地雷) so the dangers can be cleared to save lives. I work for a Belgian non-governmental organization called Apopo that operates from Morogoro, in my home country of Tanzania. The rats I train are used in mine-clearing programs around the world, including in Angola, Azerbaijan and Cambodia. The animals we use are a species of African giant rat called Cricetomys ansorgei (非洲巨鼠). They are born in sub-Saharan Africa and are the size of a small cat, which makes them easy to catch. They also live longer than other rats, which is helpful for the program, because it takes between nine months and a year to train one fully. My colleagues and I use a method called clicker training: we teach the rats to relate a click with a food reward, and then use clicks to gradually reward behaviour. Rats are naturally curious, so they will explore, and their great sense of smell means they can find buried landmines. To teach the rats what to look for, we place small amounts of TNT explosives (炸药) in some tea eggs and mix them with some filled with other things. We reward the rats for touching these, then move on to reward them only when they touch a tea egg filled with explosives, rather than ones filled with other things, such as hair, flowers and so on. The rats need to perform perfectly at each stage of training before they move to the next stage. In the final stage, we use real landmines in a training field. As trainers, we build a connection with the rats we train. Some are slow learners; others know the process very quickly. Most of the rats make it through, eventually. I work with our resident scientist to continually follow and improve our training program, because the rats are so clever that they can be smarter than trainers! 1．What’s the key to the training? A．Linking behavior and rewards. B．Increasing the difficulty gradually. C．Making the rats get used to the click. D．Exercising rats’ sense of smell. 2．Why did the author choose to use Cricetomys ansorgei? A．They can be seen commonly. B．They’re easily accessible. C．They’re quickly trained. D．They live for up to a year. 3．What can be inferred from the training process? A．Rats can find out all the explosives quickly. B．Most rats are quick learners. C．The training won’t stay the same. D．Real landmines aren’t used in training. 4．Which is the best title for the text? A．How Rats Contribute to Saving Life. B．Why Giant Rats Can Be Useful. C．How I Train Rats to Find Explosives. D．Why We Use Clicker to Train Rats. Passage 2 （24-25高一下·浙江温州·期中）While on tour in central Thailand, British musician Paul Barton has been surrounded by unruly audiences that pull his hair, steal his music and climb over his piano, while enjoying bananas. Barton is a rock star to hundreds of hungry wild monkeys that he hopes his music can calm, at a time when Thailand’ s coronavirus-induced tourism gap means fewer visitors to feed them, and less funds for their welfare. “We need to make an effort to make sure that they eat properly. And when they eat properly they will be calmer and will not be aggressive,” said Barton, 59, a long-time Thailand resident. Barton has played at four venues in Lopburi, a province famous for its attacking monkeys, including at an ancient Hindu temple, a hardware store and a deserted cinema. The monkeys are instantly drawn as he plays Greensleeves, Beethoven’s Fur Elise and Michael Nyman’s Diary of Love, some sharing his stool, others climbing onto his shoulders and touching his head. Barton maintains focus as a small monkey runs up and down the piano keys as others chew at his sheet music before one tries to take it away. “A wonderful opportunity to see the wild animals just being themselves,” said Barton, from Yorkshire in northern England. “I was surprised to play the piano and find that they were actually eating the music as I was playing it. I wasn’t going to let those things distract (使分心) from the project which is to play the music for these wonderful monkeys.” They are his latest audience, having played Bach, Schubert, Chopin, and Beethoven for more than a decade to elephants at retirement shelters. Barton hopes to raise awareness of the monkeys’ hunger while also studying their behavioral responses to classical music. 1．What does the underlined phrase “unruly audiences” in paragraph 1 refer to? A．Gentle visitors. B．Rude residents. C．Hungry elephants. D．Misbehaving monkeys. 2．What does Paul Barton hope to achieve through his performances? A．To make the monkeys happy and satisfied. B．To study the monkeys’ improper behavior. C．To ensure that the monkeys have enough food. D．To promote his own music career. 3．How does Barton act when monkeys interrupt his show? A．He stops playing to shout at them. B．He remains focused on his music. C．He offers food to distract them. D．He requests assistance from others. 4．What kind of person is Barton according to the passage? A．Kind-hearted and devoted. B．Responsible and caring. C．Warm-hearted and serious. D．Creative and strict. Passage 3 （23-24高一下·浙江杭州·期中）In 2004, Pen Hadow became the first person to trek to the North Pole alone, without being resupplied on the way. That meant swimming through cold waters, and risking meeting polar bears. Just eight months later, he made a similar trip to the South Pole. Now he is back in the Arctic again, preparing for a more ambitious expedition. This time, however, more significance is attached. Pen and two colleagues will set out on a three-month, 1000 kilometers trek to the North Pole, taking detailed measurements of the thickness and density of the ice. Nobody has ever done this before, and he knows the results will be of great significance to the scientific community. This will be the truest picture so far of what global warming is doing to the ice that covers the polar region. Pen and his wife, Mary, live in the country with their two children. “It’s much harder to be away from them this time,” he admits. “They were one and five when I last went, and I made a mistake in the way I said goodbye. I thought it would be a good idea to say to my son, ‘You’re the man of the house now, look after your mum and your sister. ” He absolutely took it to heart, asking his mum how she was all the time, but the stress eventually became too much. While it was well intentioned, it was an unfair thing to do. He is spending these last days before departure preparing his things. With him will be Ann Daniels, one of the world’s leading polar explorers, and the photographer, Martin Hartley. They will be supported by a crew of six, flying in supplies. Being part of a team is actually more stressful to someone like him. Besides, something else is on his mind too. “I’m going to be 47 on Thursday. I’ve done far less training.” Why? “Organizational things always seem more urgent. So I’m almost fearful of what I’m going to ask of myself.” Pen believes his mission reconnects exploration with the search for knowledge that drove previous generations into the unknown. “Making it to the North Pole was a personal ambition and of limited value to anyone beyond the polar adventuring community. This time, scientists will profit from the data, and we’re creating a platform to expose as many people as possible to what’s happening in the Arctic Ocean. This is important work, and nobody can do it but us,” he says. “Our skills, which are otherwise not that necessary, have become really relevant. Suddenly, we’re socially useful again.” 1．What can we learn about Pen Hadow’s opinion of the new expedition in paragraph. 1? A．He is aware of its huge importance. B．He feels certain that it will be stressful. C．He thinks it similar to his previous journeys. D．He is confident with the help of a regional picture. 2．What does the underlined phrase “took it to heart” in paragraph 2 mean? A．He started to feel unwell. B．He memorized his father’s words. C．He was afraid of the responsibility. D．He carried out his father’s words carefully. 3．What is worrying Pen about the new expedition? A．Whether he will be mentally prepared. B．Whether supplies will be enough in time. C．Whether he will still be fit enough to take part. D．Whether the arrangements will turn out well. 4．Comparing the new expedition to his previous ones, how does Pen feel? A．He is uncertain if it will collect information. B．He is doubtful about its long-term usefulness. C．He is proud that they can contribute to scientific research. D．He is relieved that the general public will be more supportive. 5．Which of the following can best describe Pen Hadow? A．Adventurous and paranoid. B．Ambitious and responsible. C．Humorous and tough. D．Caring and influential. Passage 4 （23-24高一下·浙江·期中）As a young girl growing up in France, Sarah Toumi dreamed of becoming a leader who could make the world a better place. Her passion to help others was awakened when, from the age of nine, she accompanied her Tunisian father to his birthplace in the east of the country during holidays. There she organized homework clubs and activities for children. Toumi witnessed first-hand the destructive effect of desertification (沙漠化). “Within10 years rich farmers became worse off, and in 10 years from now they will be poor. I wanted to stop the Sahara Desert in its tracks.” A decrease in average rainfall and an increase in the severity of droughts have led to an estimated 75 percent of Tunisia’s agricultural lands being threatened by desertification. Toumi recognized that farming practices needed to change. She is confident that small land areas can bring large returns if farmers are able to adapt by planting sustainable (可持续的) crops, using new technologies for water treatment and focusing on natural products and fertilizers (肥料) rather than chemicals. In 2012, Toumi continued her dream to fight the desert. She moved to Tunisia, and set up a programme named Acacias for All to put her sustainable farming philosophy into action. “I want to show young people in rural areas that they can create opportunities where they are. Nobody is better able to understand the impact of desertification and climate change than somebody who is living with no access to water.” By September2016, more than 130, 000 acacia trees had been planted on 20 pilot farms, with farmers recording a 60 percent survival rate. Toumi estimates that some 3 million acacia trees are needed to protect Tunisia’s farmland. She expects to plant l million trees by 2028. In the next couple of years, Toumi hopes to extend the programme to Algeria and Morocco. 1．How did Toumi’s holiday trips to Tunisia influence her? A．They fired her enthusiasm for helping others. B．They helped her better understand her father. C．They made her decide to leave the country. D．They destroyed her dream of being a teacher. 2．What is the main cause of the desertification of Tunisia’s farmland? A．Cold weather. B．Soil pollution. C．Low rainfall. D．Forest damage. 3．Why did Toumi set up Acacias for All in Tunisia? A．To create job opportunities for young people. B．To promote the protection of their farmland. C．To persuade the farmers not to use fertilizers. D．To help the children obtain a basic education. 4．Which of the following can be the best title to the text? A．Saving Water in Africa B．Fighting Poverty in North Africa C．Holding back the Sahara D．Planting Trees in Tunisia Passage 5 （24-25高一下·浙江舟山·期中）Arbor Day came from the mind of a tree lover named Julius Sterling Morton, who had a passion for planting all kinds of trees. Morton was born in Adams, New York, in 1832, but his life took a decisive turn on his wedding day in October 1854. After he and his bride, Caroline Joy French, were married in Detroit, they headed west for adventure in the wilds of Nebraska Territory. The couple settled on 160 treeless acres (the key word here is treeless). Despite being busy with his work and having four sons, Morton planted thousands of trees on the homestead he called the Morton “ranche”. He planted an apple orchard, as well as peach, plum, and pear trees, plus cottonwoods, evergreens, beeches, and more. Morton took every opportunity he could to spread the word. He gave speeches and filled his newspaper with agricultural advice, urging Nebraskans to plant trees and try new crops. Today, the family home, Arbor Lodge, is a state park in Nebraska City, Nebraska. Over the years, Arbor Lodge grew from a four-room home into a 52-room mansion, complete with a terraced garden, a pine grove, and 65 acres of more than 250 varieties of trees and shrubs. Julius Sterling Morton died at the age of 70 on April 27, 1902, writing just a month earlier that he hoped to plant trees as soon as the weather turned warm. A statue of him stands in the National Hall of Fame in Washington, D．C． Highlights from Morton’s Career ·Morton worked as a journalist and a politician, becoming secretary and acting governor of the Nebraska Territory from 1858 to 1861. ·In 1872, Morton declared: “If I had the power, I would compel every man in the State who had a home of his own to plant out fruit trees.” ·In 1893, President Grover Cleveland appointed him U.S. Secretary of Agriculture. He also served on the Nebraska State Board of Agriculture and the State Horticultural Society. 1．What do we know about Julius Sterling Morton? A．He planted trees on weddings. B．He was crazy for adventure. C．He was fond of planting trees. D．He had no time for planting. 2．What did Morton do to achieve his goal of tree planting? A．He spread words about his adventures. B．He called on people to plant trees. C．He tried to find adventures in the wilds. D．He planted only fruit trees in his garden. 3．What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Arbor Lodge? A．To suggest planting more trees. B．To show the great practice of Morton. C．To illustrate the beauty of Morton’s home. D．To prove human can change nature. 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Who Was Julius Sterling Morton? B．What Is Arbor Day? C．What Is the History of Arbor Day? D．What Is the Power of Trees? / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $