内容正文:
专题04 主谓一致(复习讲义)
目 录
01 析·考情目标
02 筑·专题框架
03 攻·重难考点
真题动向 核心提炼 易错警示/技巧点拨
考点一 语法一致
考点二 意义一致
考点三 就近一致
04 测·预测闯关
命题透视
1.从近5年广东中考命题形式上看,主谓一致的考查主要出现在短文填词中。
2.从命题内容上看,主要围绕语法一致、意义一致、就近一致三大考点展开,结合具体语境和特殊结构进行考查。
热考角度
考点
题型
考频
考查内容
语法一致
短文填空
5年2考
①2024年(1分):...experts believe that this bike craze will continue....
②2021年(1分):His Chinese friends call him...
命题预测
分析近五年广东中考可知,主谓一致虽然在课标中仅做理解要求,但在语篇中会经常出现,而且在短文填空中经常与时态融合考查。
考点一 语法一致
1.(2024·广东省卷·中考真题)As biking has become a lifestyle, experts 10 (believe)that this biking craze will continue.
【解析】句意:随着骑自行车成为一种生活方式,专家们相信这种骑车热潮将会持续下去。根据“As biking has become a lifestyle, experts...that this biking craze will continue.”和备选词可知,专家们相信这种骑车热潮将会持续下去,believe “相信” 符合语境,时态是一般现在时,主语是复数,动词用原形。故填believe。
主语
谓语
例句
可数名词单数或不可数名词
单数
The dog is very cute.
动词不定式、动名词或从句
To see is to believe.
由some-,any-,no-,every-构成的复
合不定代词或表示单数含义的人称代词
Nothing is more important than life.
each/every/more than one等+可数名词单数
one/either/neither/each等+of+可数名词复数”
Each of the students has a new notebook.
the number of+可数名词复数
The number of teachers in my school is larger and larger.
可数名词复数或两个及以上不可数名词
复数
Some break and a bottle of milk are my breakfast.
both...and...连接的并列成分
Both Lucy and Kate are good at singing.
表示成双成套的名词,如trousers, glasses, clothes, shoes等(注意:如果这类名词前在pair等词修饰,谓语动词和pair的形式保持一致)
My glasses are broken.
This pair of shoes is very beautiful.
a number of+可数名词复数
A number of visitors are interested in this activity.
名词由kind of,pair of等量词修饰
与量词保持一致
This kind of cars is made in China.
some/a lot of/plenty of等+名词
分数/百分数+of+名词
取决于名词的数
Some boys are playing basketball in the playground.
主语部分含有with,
together with,as well as等介词或介词短语
与前面的主语在数上保持一致
Everyone except Tom and Peter has come here.
(1)and连接的并列主语若指同一个人或物,谓语动词用单数形式;若指不同的人或物,谓语动词用复数形式。
例如:
The singer and the dancer are coming to the party tonight.那位歌手和那位舞者今晚要来派对。
The singer and dancer is coming to the party tonight.那位歌手兼舞者今晚要来派对。
(2)none作主语指代不可数名词时,谓语动词用单数形式;指代可数名词时,谓语动词可以用单数形式,也可以用复数形式。
例如:—Is there any milk in the bottle?瓶子里有牛奶吗?
—No,there is none.没有,一点儿都没有。
None of them has/have arrived.他们当中还没有人到达。
1.One of the most beautiful birds ________ the peacock with its colourful tail.
A.is B.are C.am D.be
2.Both the teacher and the students ________ excited about the coming music festival.
A.Is B.are C.was D.were
3.A number of visitors ________ visiting the Chimelong Ocean Kingdom and the number of the visitors ________ increasing.
A.are; is B.is; are C.are; are D.is; is
4.The rest of us ________ left waiting for the bus yesterday.
A.is B.are C.was D.were
5.—Is playing sports a good way to relax? —Yes, it ________ us keep healthy and relaxed.
A.helps B.help C.is helping D.to help
6.There ________ many growing pains in our life, and they ________ us a lot.
A.is; help B.are; help C.are; helps D.is; helps
7.Eating vegetables ________ good for our health.
A.is B.are C.was D.were
8.—How much________this pair of cotton socks?
—It’s 20 yuan.
A.is B.are C.do D.does
9.—Here ________ a pair of shoes under the bed.
—Yes. And the shoes ________ yellow.
A.is; are B.is; is C.are; are D.are; is
考点二 意义一致
主语
谓语
例句
时间、金钱、距离、重量等作
主语,表示一个整体概念
单数
Two hours is enough for me to finish the task.
部分复数形式的名词,如news, maths, physics等
Physics is so difficult that I have to spend lots of time learning it.
“the+形容词”表示一类人
复数
The old feel very happy in our country.
“the+姓氏的复数形式”表示一家人
The smiths are enjoying the holiday in China.
people,police等集体名词
People like traveling all over the world.
(1)family,class,group,team等集体名词作主语,强调一个整体时,谓语动词用单数形式;指整体中的每个成员时,谓语动词用复数形式。
例如: His family is very large.他的家庭很大。
His family all enjoy taking a walk after dinner.他的家人都喜欢晚饭后散步。
(2)“the+形容词”表示泛指的抽象概念时,谓语动词用单数形式。
例如: The best is yet to come.最好的尚未到来。
1.The old ________ taken good care of in our country.
A.is B.are C.was D.were
2.My family ________ a big one.
A.is B.are C.was D.were
3.How time flies! Four years ________ since I ________ to our middle school.
A.have passed; came B.has past; came
C.has passed; came D.have passed; have come
4.Two hours ________ enough. I think I need ________ third hour to finish the job.
A.isn’t; a B.isn’t; the C.aren’t; a D.aren’t; the
5.Some people ________ from England.
A.be B.am C.is D.are
6.The police ________ looking for the lost child everywhere.
A.is B.are C.was D.be
考点三 就近一致
一、含义:就近一致指谓语动词的单复数要和最靠近它的主语的单复数保持一致。
二、用法:
1.There be句型中的be动词的单复数与其后最靠近的主语保持一致。
例如:There is a table and two chairs in Mary’s room.玛丽的房间里有一张桌子和两把椅子。
2.由or,not only...but also..., neither...nor..., either...or...等连接的两个名词或代词作主语时,谓语动词的单复数与最靠近它的主语保持一致。
例如:
①Neither you nor he knows how to use the computer.你和他都不知道怎么用这台电脑。
②Not only my parents but also I am fond of watching TV.不仅我的父母,而且我也喜欢看电视。
1.Look! A pair of new trainers ________ on the playground. Are they Tom’s?
A.are B.be C.is D.am
2.The teacher with the students _________ the park to pick up rubbish now.
A.clean B.cleans C.is cleaning D.are cleaning
3.Both rock music and classical music ________ me feel relaxed and energetic.
A.make B.makes C.made D.making
4.There ________ a lot of amazing things in the wonderland.
A.is B.are C.has D.have
5.Not only he but also his sister ________ interested in pop music.
A.is B.are C.am D.be
6.Staying up late ________ your body tired and weak.
A.makes B.make C.made D.making
7.The number of students in our school ________ over 2,000 and a number of them ________ from the countryside.
A.is; is B.are; are C.is; are D.are; is
8.Both Beethoven ________ Mozart ________ famous composers in Western music history.
A.and; is B.and; are C.but also; is D.but also; are
9.Neither the students nor the teacher ________ the answer.
A.know B.knows C.knew D.will know
10.Either you or he ________ to go there.
A.have B.has C.had D.will have
11.Lucy, together with her roommates, ________ to clean the classroom every Friday. They ________ never late for the task.
A.go; are B.goes; is C.goes; are D.go; is
12.Healthy eating _________ regular exercise ________ good for an energetic person.
A.as well as, is B.together with, are
C.and, is D.along with, are
13.No one ________ Lily ________ proud of her excellent performance in the speech contest.
A.except; is B.besides; is C.except for; are D.besides; are
14.Nothing but grass and trees ________ the hill and it looks alive with nature.
A.cover B.covers C.are covering D.will cover
15.He rather than I _____ going to clean the room.
A.is B.am C.will D.was
16.Maths ________ easy for me, but I still like it very much.
A.are B.aren’t C.is D.isn’t
17.No news ________ good news.
A.am B.are C.is D.be
18.I plan to travel to Beijing next month, and I think 3,000 yuan ________ enough.
A.was B.are C.is D.were
19.—Bob, hurry up! We only have 15 minutes.
—Oh, Dad, 15 minutes ________ enough for us.
A.is B.have C.were D.was
20.My family usually ________ at 6:30 in the morning ________ weekdays.
A.get up, on B.gets up, on C.get up, in D.gets up, in
21.The Greens ________ in a big city.
A.lives B.live C.living D.to live
22.The set of keys ________ Tina’s and the family ________ watching TV.
A.is; is B.are; are C.is; are D.are; is
23.Two-thirds of the pensioners ________ the reporter that they can do most of the housework by themselves and the rest ________ to be done by their children.
A.tells; has B.tell; has C.says; have D.say; have
24.—The homeless ________ so poor that they have nowhere to live.
—Exactly, but to our joy, the local government can ________ them with special places to stay.
A.is; offer B.are; give C.are; provide D.is; afford
25.Some white ________ are on the farm.
A.sheeps B.gooses C.geeses D.sheep
26.Here ________ some flowers for you.
A.be B.is C.are D.am
27.Everyone in our class ________ he is an honest boy.
A.know B.knows C.knew D.knowing
28.About ________ of the students this year ________ born in the 1990s.
A.three five; was B.three fifths; were
C.third fifths; is D.third fifth; are
29.The fish ______ for some time. You’d better cook them at once.
A.have been dead B.has died
C.have died D.has been dead
30.The Chinese______ the first to use paper money, probably as early as the 11th century.
A.is B.are C.was D.were
二、单词拼写
31.There are five ________ (Japanese) and two _______ (Englishman) in our school.
32.Understanding cultural differences ________ (help) in cross-cultural communication.
33.Not only Tom but also his parents ________ (enjoy) rock music.
34.The number of students who ________ (join) the school’s science team has increased by 30% this year.
35.Look! The students ________ (talk) about their favourite animated films.
36.Being a dancer ________ (be) Kate’s dream when she was a little girl.
37.Luke along with his classmates ________ (be) thirsty for holidays now.
38.The old __________(speak) to politely.
39.As we know, people ________ history. (create)
40.Now 40 percent of the students in my class ________ (have) a computer of their own.
三、完成句子
41.汤姆还小,爸爸或妈妈不得不每天送他上学。
_______ father _______ mother _______ to take Tom to school every day because he is still young.
42.不仅他而且我也喜欢民间音乐的节奏。
________ he ________ I ________ the rhythm of folk music.
43.我的小组里有四个人。
________ ________ four people in my group.
44.在这篇文章中,有一些如何交友的建议。
________ ________ some advice on how to make friends in this article.
45.史蒂夫和他的朋友们正在外面打篮球。
Steve with his friends _________ ________basketball outside.
46.我认为(玩)三个小时的电脑游戏对你来说足够了。
I think _________ _________ _________ computer games _________ _________ for you.
47.吴彬彬的家人要去乡村旅行。
Wu Binbin’s family ________ ________ on a trip to the countryside.
48.这个班级学生的数量是48。
________ ________ ________ students in this class ________ 48.
49.黑色裤子多少钱?
________ ________ ________ the black trousers?
50.我们吃的东西和我们吃的方式都很重要。
________ what we eat ________ how we eat ________ important.
51.我们班三分之二的男生喜欢打篮球。
________ ________ ________ the boys in our class ________ playing basketball.
52.打篮球占用了他太多的时间。
Playing basketball ________ ________ too much of his time.
53.这个公园因其美景而闻名。
The park ________ ________ ________ its beautiful landscape.
54.北方人经常在冬天去滑雪。
People in the north often ________ ________ in winter.
55.涨潮时,鱼群从岩石旁匆匆游过。
________ ________ fish ________ ________ the rocks when the tide rises.
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专题04 主谓一致(复习讲义)
目 录
01 析·考情目标
02 筑·专题框架
03 攻·重难考点
真题动向 核心提炼 易错警示/技巧点拨
考点一 语法一致
考点二 意义一致
考点三 就近一致
04 测·预测闯关
命题透视
1.从近5年广东中考命题形式上看,主谓一致的考查主要出现在短文填词中。
2.从命题内容上看,主要围绕语法一致、意义一致、就近一致三大考点展开,结合具体语境和特殊结构进行考查。
热考角度
考点
题型
考频
考查内容
语法一致
短文填空
5年2考
①2024年(1分):...experts believe that this bike craze will continue....
②2021年(1分):His Chinese friends call him...
命题预测
分析近五年广东中考可知,主谓一致虽然在课标中仅做理解要求,但在语篇中会经常出现,而且在短文填空中经常与时态融合考查。
考点一 语法一致
1.(2024·广东省卷·中考真题)As biking has become a lifestyle, experts 10 (believe)that this biking craze will continue.
【答案】believe
【解析】句意:随着骑自行车成为一种生活方式,专家们相信这种骑车热潮将会持续下去。根据“As biking has become a lifestyle, experts...that this biking craze will continue.”和备选词可知,专家们相信这种骑车热潮将会持续下去,believe “相信” 符合语境,时态是一般现在时,主语是复数,动词用原形。故填believe。
主语
谓语
例句
可数名词单数或不可数名词
单数
The dog is very cute.
动词不定式、动名词或从句
To see is to believe.
由some-,any-,no-,every-构成的复
合不定代词或表示单数含义的人称代词
Nothing is more important than life.
each/every/more than one等+可数名词单数
one/either/neither/each等+of+可数名词复数”
Each of the students has a new notebook.
the number of+可数名词复数
The number of teachers in my school is larger and larger.
可数名词复数或两个及以上不可数名词
复数
Some break and a bottle of milk are my breakfast.
both...and...连接的并列成分
Both Lucy and Kate are good at singing.
表示成双成套的名词,如trousers, glasses, clothes, shoes等(注意:如果这类名词前在pair等词修饰,谓语动词和pair的形式保持一致)
My glasses are broken.
This pair of shoes is very beautiful.
a number of+可数名词复数
A number of visitors are interested in this activity.
名词由kind of,pair of等量词修饰
与量词保持一致
This kind of cars is made in China.
some/a lot of/plenty of等+名词
分数/百分数+of+名词
取决于名词的数
Some boys are playing basketball in the playground.
主语部分含有with,
together with,as well as等介词或介词短语
与前面的主语在数上保持一致
Everyone except Tom and Peter has come here.
(1)and连接的并列主语若指同一个人或物,谓语动词用单数形式;若指不同的人或物,谓语动词用复数形式。
例如:
The singer and the dancer are coming to the party tonight.那位歌手和那位舞者今晚要来派对。
The singer and dancer is coming to the party tonight.那位歌手兼舞者今晚要来派对。
(2)none作主语指代不可数名词时,谓语动词用单数形式;指代可数名词时,谓语动词可以用单数形式,也可以用复数形式。
例如:—Is there any milk in the bottle?瓶子里有牛奶吗?
—No,there is none.没有,一点儿都没有。
None of them has/have arrived.他们当中还没有人到达。
1.One of the most beautiful birds ________ the peacock with its colourful tail.
A.is B.are C.am D.be
【答案】A
【详解】句意:最漂亮的鸟之一是拥有彩色尾巴的孔雀。
考查主谓一致。is是,用于第三人称单数;are是,用于复数主语或第二人称you;am是,用于第一人称单数I;be是,动词原形。本句主语为“One of the most beautiful birds”,意为“最漂亮的鸟之一”,中心词是“One”,为单数形式,因此谓语动词需用单数形式is。故选A。
2.Both the teacher and the students ________ excited about the coming music festival.
A.Is B.are C.was D.were
【答案】B
【详解】句意:老师和学生们都对即将到来的音乐节感到兴奋。
考查主谓一致。is是,单数;are是,复数;was是,单数,过去式;were是,复数,过去式。本句主语为“Both the teacher and the students”,由“both...and...”连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词用复数形式;且句意表达的是现在的情况,应用一般现在时。故选B。
3.A number of visitors ________ visiting the Chimelong Ocean Kingdom and the number of the visitors ________ increasing.
A.are; is B.is; are C.are; are D.is; is
【答案】A
【详解】句意:许多游客正在参观长隆海洋王国,并且游客的数量正在增加。
is是,be的第三人称单数;are是,用于第二人称单复数和第一、三人称复数。根据题意可知,a number of意为“许多”,后接复数名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数;the number of意为“……的数量”,中心词是number,作主语时谓语动词用单数。第一空主语是A number of visitors,be动词用复数are;第二空主语是the number of the visitors,be动词用单数 is。
4.The rest of us ________ left waiting for the bus yesterday.
A.is B.are C.was D.were
【答案】D
【详解】句意:我们其余的人被留下来等公共汽车。
考查主谓一致。is是,单数;are是,复数;was是,单数过去式;were是,复数过去式。根据“The rest of us…left waiting for the bus.”可知,主语“The rest of us”中“the rest of”后接复数名词“us”,指“我们中剩下的人”,表示复数概念;且根据“yesterday”可知,此处描述的是过去发生的动作,需用过去时态,故谓语动词用复数过去式were。故选D。
5.—Is playing sports a good way to relax? —Yes, it ________ us keep healthy and relaxed.
A.helps B.help C.is helping D.to help
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——做运动是放松的好方法吗? ——是的,它帮助我们保持健康和放松。
主语“it”是第三人称单数,且句子陈述客观事实,谓语动词应用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。故选A。
6.There ________ many growing pains in our life, and they ________ us a lot.
A.is; help B.are; help C.are; helps D.is; helps
【答案】B
【详解】句意:在我们的生活中有许多成长的烦恼,并且它们给了我们很多帮助。
根据“many growing pains”可知,第一空be动词用复数形式are;根据“they”可知,第二空动词用原形help。应填are;help。
7.Eating vegetables ________ good for our health.
A.is B.are C.was D.were
【答案】A
【详解】句意:吃蔬菜对我们的健康有好处。
考查主谓一致。is是,单数;are是,复数;was是,单数过去式;were是,复数过去式。主语“Eating vegetables”是动名词短语,表示一个整体概念,谓语动词需用单数形式,且句子描述一般事实,用一般现在时。故选A。
8.—How much________this pair of cotton socks?
—It’s 20 yuan.
A.is B.are C.do D.does
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——这双棉袜多少钱?——20元。
考查主谓一致。is是,单数形式;are是,复数形式;do助动词,原形;does助动词,单数形式。问句主语是“this pair of cotton socks”,中心词是“this pair”,表示单数概念,因此谓语动词需用单数形式。询问价格用“How much is...?”。故选A。
9.—Here ________ a pair of shoes under the bed.
—Yes. And the shoes ________ yellow.
A.is; are B.is; is C.are; are D.are; is
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——床下有一双鞋。——是的。而且这双鞋是黄色的。
考查主谓一致。a pair of shoes作主语时,谓语动词和pair的单复数保持一致,故第一个空用is;第二空主语the shoes为复数,故用are。故选A。
考点二 意义一致
主语
谓语
例句
时间、金钱、距离、重量等作
主语,表示一个整体概念
单数
Two hours is enough for me to finish the task.
部分复数形式的名词,如news, maths, physics等
Physics is so difficult that I have to spend lots of time learning it.
“the+形容词”表示一类人
复数
The old feel very happy in our country.
“the+姓氏的复数形式”表示一家人
The smiths are enjoying the holiday in China.
people,police等集体名词
People like traveling all over the world.
(1)family,class,group,team等集体名词作主语,强调一个整体时,谓语动词用单数形式;指整体中的每个成员时,谓语动词用复数形式。
例如: His family is very large.他的家庭很大。
His family all enjoy taking a walk after dinner.他的家人都喜欢晚饭后散步。
(2)“the+形容词”表示泛指的抽象概念时,谓语动词用单数形式。
例如: The best is yet to come.最好的尚未到来。
1.The old ________ taken good care of in our country.
A.is B.are C.was D.were
【答案】B
【详解】句意:在我们国家,老年人得到了很好的照顾。
考查主谓一致。the old表示老年人,是复数概念,谓语动词需用复数形式;且句子描述一般情况,用一般现在时,be动词用are。故选B。
2.My family ________ a big one.
A.is B.are C.was D.were
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我的家庭是一个大家庭。
考查主谓一致。主语“My family”在此句中指“家庭”这一整体概念,视为单数,且句子为一般现在时,因此谓语动词需用单数形式。故选A。
3.How time flies! Four years ________ since I ________ to our middle school.
A.have passed; came B.has past; came
C.has passed; came D.have passed; have come
【答案】C
【详解】句意:时间过得真快!自从我来到我们的中学,四年已经过去了。
考查动词时态和主谓一致。第一空主语“Four years”表示一段时间,视作单数,谓语用单数形式,排除A、D;第二空“since I...to our middle school”是since引导的时间状语从句,从句用一般过去时,主句用现在完成时,past不是动词,不能作谓语,排除B。故选C。
4.Two hours ________ enough. I think I need ________ third hour to finish the job.
A.isn’t; a B.isn’t; the C.aren’t; a D.aren’t; the
【答案】A
【详解】句意:两个小时不够。我认为我需要再一个小时来完成工作。
考查主谓一致和冠词用法。isn’t不,单数;aren’t不,复数;a一个,不定冠词,用于辅音音素前;the这个,那个,定冠词。根据“Two hours”可知表示时间总量,视为单数概念,因此动词用单数形式isn’t;序数词third前用不定冠词a表示“又一个”或“额外的一个”,而非特指。故选A。
5.Some people ________ from England.
A.be B.am C.is D.are
【答案】D
【详解】句意:有些人来自英国。
考查主谓一致。be是,动词原形;am是,be的第一人称单数现在时形式;is是,be的第三人称单数现在时形式;are是,be的复数和第二人称单数现在时形式。主语“Some people”为复数形式(指代多个人),谓语动词需用复数形式,are符合。故选D。
6.The police ________ looking for the lost child everywhere.
A.is B.are C.was D.be
【答案】B
【详解】句意:警方正在到处寻找那个走失的孩子。
考查主谓一致。police是集体名词,通常表示复数概念,谓语动词用复数形式。句子时态为现在进行时,所以be动词用are。故选B。
考点三 就近一致
一、含义:就近一致指谓语动词的单复数要和最靠近它的主语的单复数保持一致。
二、用法:
1.There be句型中的be动词的单复数与其后最靠近的主语保持一致。
例如:There is a table and two chairs in Mary’s room.玛丽的房间里有一张桌子和两把椅子。
2.由or,not only...but also..., neither...nor..., either...or...等连接的两个名词或代词作主语时,谓语动词的单复数与最靠近它的主语保持一致。
例如:
①Neither you nor he knows how to use the computer.你和他都不知道怎么用这台电脑。
②Not only my parents but also I am fond of watching TV.不仅我的父母,而且我也喜欢看电视。
1.Look! A pair of new trainers ________ on the playground. Are they Tom’s?
A.are B.be C.is D.am
【答案】C
【详解】句意:看!操场上有一双新运动鞋。它们是汤姆的吗?
a pair of…作主语时,谓语动词与pair保持一致,pair是单数,所以用is;are用于复数主语,am只和I搭配,be是原形,均不符合语法要求。
2.The teacher with the students _________ the park to pick up rubbish now.
A.clean B.cleans C.is cleaning D.are cleaning
【答案】C
【详解】句意:老师和学生们现在正在公园打扫卫生捡垃圾。
lean一般现在时;cleans单三形式;is cleaning现在进行时(单数);are cleaning现在进行时(复数)。分析原句结构可知,当主语后面跟有with引导的短语时,谓语动词的数应与with之前的中心词保持一致。本语境中的真正主语是The teacher,为第三人称单数,谓语动词需用单数形式,由此可排除A、D两项。结合语境,此处描述他们正在进行的活动,应用现在进行时的单数形式is cleaning。
3.Both rock music and classical music ________ me feel relaxed and energetic.
A.make B.makes C.made D.making
【答案】A
【详解】句意:摇滚乐和古典乐都让我感到放松和充满活力。
考查主谓一致。make使,makes使(第三人称单数),made使(过去式),making使(现在分词/动名词)。主语“Both rock music and classical music”为复数意义,且句子描述一般事实,应用一般现在时,谓语动词用原形。故选A。
4.There ________ a lot of amazing things in the wonderland.
A.is B.are C.has D.have
【答案】B
【详解】句意:在仙境里有许多令人惊奇的东西。
考查there be句型主谓一致。is是,单数;are是,复数;has有,单数;have有,复数。句中“a lot of amazing things”为复数名词短语作真正主语,there be句型需用复数形式are。故选B。
5.Not only he but also his sister ________ interested in pop music.
A.is B.are C.am D.be
【答案】A
【详解】句意:不仅他,而且他的妹妹是对流行音乐感兴趣的。
is是,常用于第三人称单数;are是,用于第一、三人称复数和第二人称单复数;am是常用于第一人称;be是,原形。当“not only... but also...”连接两个主语时,谓语动词应与最近的主语在人称和数上保持一致。此处最近的主语是“his sister”,为第三人称单数,所以谓语动词用is。
6.Staying up late ________ your body tired and weak.
A.makes B.make C.made D.making
【答案】A
【详解】句意:熬夜会使你的身体感到疲惫和虚弱。
考查时态和主谓一致。根据“Staying up late...your body tired and weak.”可知,句子陈述一般事实,用一般现在时,动名词短语“Staying up late”作主语,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故选A。
7.The number of students in our school ________ over 2,000 and a number of them ________ from the countryside.
A.is; is B.are; are C.is; are D.are; is
【答案】C
【详解】句意:我们学校的学生人数超过2000人,其中许多来自农村。
is是,单数;are是,复数。the number of“……的数量”作主语时,谓语动词用单数;a number of“许多,大量”,后面接可数名词复数作主语时,谓语动词用复数,应填is;are。
8.Both Beethoven ________ Mozart ________ famous composers in Western music history.
A.and; is B.and; are C.but also; is D.but also; are
【答案】B
【详解】句意:贝多芬和莫扎特都是西方音乐史上著名的作曲家。
考查并列连词和主谓一致。and和;is是,be动词的三单形式;are是,用于第二人称单复数现在时,第一、三人称复数现在时;but also而且。根据“Both Beethoven ... Mozart”可知,此处应用“Both... and...”结构,意为“两者都……”,连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词用复数形式are。故选B。
9.Neither the students nor the teacher ________ the answer.
A.know B.knows C.knew D.will know
【答案】B
【详解】句意:学生们和老师都不知道答案。
考查主谓一致。know知道,动词原形;knows知道,第三人称单数;knew知道,过去式;will know将知道,将来时。根据“Neither the students nor the teacher”可知,当neither...nor...连接两个主语时,谓语动词遵循“就近原则”,即与nor后的主语保持一致。题中nor后的主语是the teacher,且句子描述一般事实,应用第三人称单数形式knows。故选B。
10.Either you or he ________ to go there.
A.have B.has C.had D.will have
【答案】B
【详解】句意:要么你要么他不得不去那里。
考查主谓一致。“Either…or…”连接两个主语时,谓语动词需遵循“就近原则”,即与最近的主语保持一致。句中最近的主语是“he”,是第三人称单数,且句子描述一般事实,需用一般现在时。故选B。
11.Lucy, together with her roommates, ________ to clean the classroom every Friday. They ________ never late for the task.
A.go; are B.goes; is C.goes; are D.go; is
【答案】C
【详解】句意:露西和她的室友们每周五都去打扫教室。她们做这个任务从不迟到。
考查主谓一致。第一个空,together with引导的介词短语不影响谓语动词的数,谓语动词与主语Lucy保持一致,故用goes;第二个空,主语是They,是复数形式,所以be动词用are。故选C。
12.Healthy eating _________ regular exercise ________ good for an energetic person.
A.as well as, is B.together with, are
C.and, is D.along with, are
【答案】A
【详解】句意:健康饮食和定期锻炼对一个精力充沛的人有好处。
考查主谓一致及连词用法。as well as以及,is是;together with和……一起,are是;and和,is是;along with与……一起。as well as/together with/along with连接两个并列成分作主语时,谓语动词的单复数由前一个主语决定。本句中前一个主语是Healthy eating,所以谓语动词用单数is。故选A。
13.No one ________ Lily ________ proud of her excellent performance in the speech contest.
A.except; is B.besides; is C.except for; are D.besides; are
【答案】B
【详解】句意:除了Lily自己,没有人因她在演讲比赛中的出色表现而感到骄傲。
考查介词辨析和主谓一致。except除了,表示排除;besides除了……之外(还有);except for除了……以外,表示对整体进行修正、说明;is是,be动词的第三人称单数形式;are是,be动词的复数形式。根据“No one...Lily...proud of her excellent performance in the speech contest.”可知,此处表示除了莉莉之外,没有其他人为她的表现感到自豪,用besides;句子主语“No one”是不定代词,谓语动词用单数形式,be动词用is。故选B。
14.Nothing but grass and trees ________ the hill and it looks alive with nature.
A.cover B.covers C.are covering D.will cover
【答案】B
【详解】句意:山上只有草和树木,它看起来充满了自然的生机。
考查时态和主谓一致。根据“it looks alive with nature”可知,句子时态是一般现在时,排除C和D;根据“but grass and trees”,此处是就远原则,主语是三单,covers符合句意,故选B。
15.He rather than I _____ going to clean the room.
A.is B.am C.will D.was
【答案】A
【详解】试题分析:句意:将要去打扫这个房间的人是他,而不是我。rather than 连接两个名词或代词作主语时,谓语动词与rather than前面的名词或代词在时态和数上保持一致。故选 A
考点:考查主谓一致。
16.Maths ________ easy for me, but I still like it very much.
A.are B.aren’t C.is D.isn’t
【答案】D
【详解】句意:数学对我来说不容易,但我仍然非常喜欢它。
考查主谓一致和be动词。主语“Maths”在此处作为学科名称,视为单数,因此谓语动词用单数形式“is”;根据“but I still like it very much.”可知,此处是指“数学对我来说不容易”,所以填isn’t。故选D。
17.No news ________ good news.
A.am B.are C.is D.be
【答案】C
【详解】句意:没有消息就是好消息。
考查主谓一致。am是,用于主语是第一人称单数现在时;are是,用于主语第二人称以及复数的现在时;is是,用于主语是第三人称单数或者不可数名词的现在时;be是。本题是一句谚语,用一般现在时,主语中“news新闻,消息”是不可数名词,所以be动词用is。故选C。
18.I plan to travel to Beijing next month, and I think 3,000 yuan ________ enough.
A.was B.are C.is D.were
【答案】C
【详解】句意:我计划下个月去北京旅行,我认为3000元足够了。
考查主谓一致和时态。“3000 yuan”作为金额整体时,视为单数概念,谓语动词需用单数形式;根据“I plan”和“and”可知,“and”前后时态一致,句子为一般现在时态,所以be动词填is。故选C。
19.—Bob, hurry up! We only have 15 minutes.
—Oh, Dad, 15 minutes ________ enough for us.
A.is B.have C.were D.was
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——鲍勃,快点!我们只有15分钟了。——哦,爸爸,15分钟就够了。
考查主谓一致。根据“15 minutes ... enough for us.”可知,表示金钱、时间、距离、长度等的复数名词、词组作主语时,一般被看作一个整体,谓语动词常用单数形式;主语“15 minutes”是一个整体,be动词用is。故选A。
20.My family usually ________ at 6:30 in the morning ________ weekdays.
A.get up, on B.gets up, on C.get up, in D.gets up, in
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我的家人通常在工作日早上6:30起床。
考查主谓一致和介词辨析。主语“my family”在这里强调家庭成员个体,其后用动词原形get up。表示在具体的工作日用介词“on”,“on weekdays”是固定搭配。故选A。
21.The Greens ________ in a big city.
A.lives B.live C.living D.to live
【答案】B
【详解】句意:格林一家住在一个大城市里。
考查动词形式。lives居住(第三人称单数形式);live居住(动词原形);living居住(现在分词);to live居住(动词不定式)。句子为一般现在时。根据句意可知,主语“The Greens”表示“格林一家”,是复数形式,谓语动词用live。故选B。
22.The set of keys ________ Tina’s and the family ________ watching TV.
A.is; is B.are; are C.is; are D.are; is
【答案】C
【详解】句意:这套钥匙是蒂娜的,一家人正在看电视。
考查主谓一致。根据“The set of keys”可知,此处是指一个整体,be动词应用is;根据“the family …watching TV.”可知,此处是指每个家庭成员,为复数,be动词应用are。故选C。
23.Two-thirds of the pensioners ________ the reporter that they can do most of the housework by themselves and the rest ________ to be done by their children.
A.tells; has B.tell; has C.says; have D.say; have
【答案】B
【详解】句意:三分之二的养老金领取者告诉记者,他们可以自己做大部分家务,其余的需要由他们的孩子完成。
考查主谓一致和动词辨析。tell告诉;say说,强调说的内容。主语“Two-thirds of the pensioners”是复数,谓语动词需用复数形式,排除A和C;tell sb. sth.意为“告诉某人某事”;第二空主语“the rest”指代剩余的家务,为单数意义,需用“has”。故选B。
24.—The homeless ________ so poor that they have nowhere to live.
—Exactly, but to our joy, the local government can ________ them with special places to stay.
A.is; offer B.are; give C.are; provide D.is; afford
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——无家可归的人如此的穷,以至于他们没地方住。——的确,但是让我们高兴的是,当地政府能够给他们提供特殊的住处。
考查主谓一致和动词辨析。offer提供;give给;provide提供;afford付得起。the homeless表示所有无家可归的人,表复数概念,因此be动词用are;排除A和D;provide sb with sth表示“提供某人某物”。故选C。
25.Some white ________ are on the farm.
A.sheeps B.gooses C.geeses D.sheep
【答案】D
【详解】句意:一些白色的羊在农场里。
考查名词辨析。sheeps错误形式,sheep单复数同形;gooses错误形式,goose的复数形式是geese;geeses错误形式,goose的复数形式是geese;sheep羊,单复数同形。根据“Some white...are on the farm.”可知,此处应该指农场里的某种动物,且由are可知,名词要用复数形式。结合选项,sheep的单复数形式相同,符合语境,表示“一些白色的羊在农场里”。故选D。
26.Here ________ some flowers for you.
A.be B.is C.are D.am
【答案】C
【详解】句意:这里有你一些花。
考查主谓一致。“here is/are…”表示“这里有……”。“here is”后接单数,“here are”后跟复数。some flowers表示复数,故用“here are”,故选C。
27.Everyone in our class ________ he is an honest boy.
A.know B.knows C.knew D.knowing
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我们班的每个人都知道他是一个诚实的男孩。
考查主谓一致。主语“Everyone”为不定代词,视为第三人称单数,谓语动词需用单数形式;且根据“he is an honest boy”可知,空处用一般现在时。故选B。
28.About ________ of the students this year ________ born in the 1990s.
A.three five; was B.three fifths; were
C.third fifths; is D.third fifth; are
【答案】B
【详解】句意:今年大约五分之三的学生出生于20世纪90年代。
考查分数表达及主谓一致。分数表达中,分子用基数词,分母用序数词,分子大于1时分母加s,因此“五分之三”应为three fifths;根据“in the 1990s”可知,此处用一般过去时,主语“About three fifths of the students”为复数概念,谓语动词需用复数形式were。故选B。
29.The fish ______ for some time. You’d better cook them at once.
A.have been dead B.has died
C.have died D.has been dead
【答案】A
【详解】句意:这些鱼已经死了一段时间了。你最好马上煮了它们。
考查现在完成时。根据“for some time”可知动词应用延续性动词,而die“死亡”是非延续性动词,排除BC;根据“cook them”可知此处“The fish”是复数,助动词用have。故选A。
30.The Chinese______ the first to use paper money, probably as early as the 11th century.
A.is B.are C.was D.were
【答案】D
【详解】句意:中国人第一个用纸币,也许早至11世纪。Chinese中国人,单复数相同,此处为复数,根据 11th century11世纪,可知为一般过去时,故选D。
二、单词拼写
31.There are five ________ (Japanese) and two _______ (Englishman) in our school.
【答案】 Japanese Englishmen
【详解】句意:我们学校有五个日本人和两个英国人。Japanese意为“日本人”,名词,单复同形;Englishman意为“英国人”,two后跟可数名词复数形式,其复数形式为Englishmen。故填Japanese;Englishmen。
32.Understanding cultural differences ________ (help) in cross-cultural communication.
【答案】helps
【详解】句意:理解文化差异有助于跨文化交流。help“帮助”,是动词,主语“Understanding cultural differences”是动名词短语,谓语动词用第三人称单数,help的第三人称单数是helps。
33.Not only Tom but also his parents ________ (enjoy) rock music.
【答案】enjoy
【详解】句意:不仅汤姆,而且他的父母都喜欢摇滚乐。句子描述的是一个普遍的喜好或常态,因此使用一般现在时;“not only…but also…”连接两个主语时,谓语动词遵循“就近原则”,此处靠近谓语的主语是复数his parents,因此谓语动词用原形。故填enjoy。
34.The number of students who ________ (join) the school’s science team has increased by 30% this year.
【答案】join
【详解】句意:今年加入学校科学团队的学生人数增加了30%。在定语从句中,关系代词who指代的是students,且在从句中作主语,从句的谓语动词应与先行词在数上保持一致,时态为一般现在时,所以用动词原形。故填join。
35.Look! The students ________ (talk) about their favourite animated films.
【答案】are talking
【详解】句意:看!学生们正在谈论他们最喜欢的动画电影。talk“交谈”,是动词,根据“look”可知,句子时态为现在进行时,其谓语结构为“is/am/are+现在分词”,主语the students为复数,be动词应用are,talk的现在分词在词尾加ing。
36.Being a dancer ________ (be) Kate’s dream when she was a little girl.
【答案】was
【详解】句意:当凯特是个小女孩时,成为一名舞蹈家是她的梦想。be意为“是”,是系动词。根据时间状语从句“when she was a little girl”可知,动作发生在过去,应用一般过去时,主语Being a dancer为动名词短语,视为单数,应填was。
37.Luke along with his classmates ________ (be) thirsty for holidays now.
【答案】is
【详解】句意:卢克和他的同学们现在都渴望假期。along with“随同……一起”,遵循“就远原则”,即连接多个主语,谓语动词与第一个主语的单复数形式保持一致,Luke作主语,第三人称单数形式,now,一般现在时,be动词用is。故填is。
38.The old __________(speak) to politely.
【答案】are spoken
【详解】句意:对老人说话应该有礼貌。speak“说,说话”,是一个动词。根据句意可知,主语The old和动词speak构成被动关系,应使用被动语态。这句话应使用一般现在时,the+形容词表示一类人,谓语动词应用复数,be动词用are,speak的过去分词是spoken。故填are spoken。
39.As we know, people ________ history. (create)
【答案】create
【详解】句意:正如我们所知,人们创造历史。create“创造”,此处指事实,时态为一般现在时,主语为“people”,用动词原形。故填create。
40.Now 40 percent of the students in my class ________ (have) a computer of their own.
【答案】have
【详解】句意:现在我们班40%的学生都有自己的电脑。have“有”,动词原形,根据“Now 40 percent of the students in my class...a computer of their own.”可知,当“百分数+of+名词”作主语时,谓语动词的单复数由of 后的名词决定,students是可数名词复数,因此谓语动词用复数形式have。故填have。
三、完成句子
41.汤姆还小,爸爸或妈妈不得不每天送他上学。
_______ father _______ mother _______ to take Tom to school every day because he is still young.
【答案】 Either or has
【详解】根据中英文对照可知,空缺部分是“……或……”和“不得不”,“……或……”的英文表达为:either…or…,固定搭配;“不得不”的英文表达为:have to;根据句中“every day”可知,此句用一般现在时表经常性的动作,“either…or…”适用就近原则,谓语动词与最近的一个主语“mother”保持一致,因此have应用第三人称单数。故填Either;or;has。
42.不仅他而且我也喜欢民间音乐的节奏。
________ he ________ I ________ the rhythm of folk music.
【答案】 Not only but also like
【详解】原句中“不仅……而且……”是关键词,对应的短语是Not only...but also...;该短语连接并列主语时,谓语动词遵循“就近原则”,本句中靠近谓语的主语是I,故动词用原形like。故填Not only;but also;like。
43.我的小组里有四个人。
________ ________ four people in my group.
【答案】 There are
【详解】原句中“我的小组里有……”是关键词,对应there be句型,four people是复数,be动词用are。故填There; are。
44.在这篇文章中,有一些如何交友的建议。
________ ________ some advice on how to make friends in this article.
【答案】 There/Here is
【详解】根据中英文对照可知,此处缺少“有”的对应英文表达;“there be”句型表示“有”,且“advice”是不可数名词,所以be动词用“is”;“here be”也可表示“有”,强调“(在这儿)存在”,同样可搭配不可数名词“advice”,be动词用“is”。故填There/Here;is。
45.史蒂夫和他的朋友们正在外面打篮球。
Steve with his friends _________ ________basketball outside.
【答案】is playing
【详解】play basketball“打篮球”,且根据汉语提示可知,时态用现在进行时,主语是with复合结构,遵循就远原则,所以系动词用单数is。故填is playing。
46.我认为(玩)三个小时的电脑游戏对你来说足够了。
I think _________ _________ _________ computer games _________ _________ for you.
【答案】 three hours of is enough
【详解】three hours of:三个小时的……;be enough:足够的,句子是一般现在时,时间作主语,be动词用is,故填three;hours;of;is;enough。
47.吴彬彬的家人要去乡村旅行。
Wu Binbin’s family ________ ________ on a trip to the countryside.
【答案】 is going
【详解】go on a trip“旅行”,动词是“go”,句子可用进行时表将来;主语强调的是整体,所以be动词用is。故填is;going。
48.这个班级学生的数量是48。
________ ________ ________ students in this class ________ 48.
【答案】 The number of is
【详解】对比中英文可知,空格处缺少“……的数量是……”,其英文表达为the number of,句首单词首字母要大写;作主语时谓语动词用单数形式,因此这里be动词应用is。故填The;number;of;is。
49.黑色裤子多少钱?
________ ________ ________ the black trousers?
【答案】 How much are
【详解】根据题干可知,句子为特殊疑问句,时态为一般现在时态。此处是询问裤子的价格。how much多少,用于询问价格;黑色裤子the black trousers,复数,故使用are,故填How;much;are。
50.我们吃的东西和我们吃的方式都很重要。
________ what we eat ________ how we eat ________ important.
【答案】 Both and are
【详解】根据中英文对照可知,此处是固定结构both...and...,含义是“两者都……”,当“both...and...”连接两个主语时,谓语动词需要用复数形式,所以空三处用are。故填Both;and;are。
51.我们班三分之二的男生喜欢打篮球。
________ ________ ________ the boys in our class ________ playing basketball.
【答案】 Two thirds of like
【详解】“三分之二”two thirds,分子用基数词,分母用序数词,当分子大于1时,分母要用复数形式;“two thirds of...”表示“……的三分之二”,修饰后面的名词the boys。“喜欢”like,主语“two thirds of the boys”是复数,时态为一般现在时,谓语动词用原形。 故填Two;thirds;of;like。
52.打篮球占用了他太多的时间。
Playing basketball ________ ________ too much of his time.
【答案】 takes up
【详解】根据中英文对照可知,此处缺少“占用”。take up“占用”,动词短语,根据主语“Playing basketball”为第三人称单数可知,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填takes;up。
53.这个公园因其美景而闻名。
The park ________ ________ ________ its beautiful landscape.
【答案】 is famous for
【详解】根据中英文对照可知,此处缺少“因……而闻名”。be famous for“因……而闻名”,固定短语;主语是单数,be动词用is。故填is;famous;for。
54.北方人经常在冬天去滑雪。
People in the north often ________ ________ in winter.
【答案】 go skiing
【详解】根据中英文对照可知,此处缺少“去滑雪”,“去滑雪”的英文表达为“go skiing”,根据“often””可知,句子用一般现在时,主语是“People”,谓语动词用原形。故填go;skiing。
55.涨潮时,鱼群从岩石旁匆匆游过。
________ ________ fish ________ ________ the rocks when the tide rises.
【答案】 Schools of rush past
【详解】根据中英文对照可知,填空处为“(鱼)群”以及“匆匆游过”,schools of fish“鱼群”,作主语,句首首字母大写,rush past“匆匆游过”,时态为一般现在时,主语为复数形式,此处用动词原形。故填Schools;of;rush;past。
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