专题07 非谓语动词（复习讲义）（全国通用）2026年中考英语二轮复习讲练测

专题07 非谓语动词（复习讲义） 目 录 01 析·考情目标 02 筑·专题框架 03 攻·重难考点 真题动向 核心提炼 易错警示/技巧点拨 非谓语动词 考点一 动词不定式 考点二 动名词 考点三 分词 04 测·预测闯关 非谓语动词 命题透视 1．从命题形式上看，主要出现在单项选择、完形填空、语法填空、词语运用和短文填词等题型中。 2．从命题内容上看，固定搭配与句型，易混动词辨析，考查学生对非谓语动词逻辑主语的理解，特别是分词作状语和定语时，省略to的情况等结构。 热考角度 考点 2025年 2024年 2023年 动词不定式 ①海南 ②江苏宿迁 ③吉林长春 ①四川攀枝花 ②江苏南京 ③黑龙江牡丹江 ①四川甘孜 ②湖南益阳 ③江苏徐州 动名词 黑龙江 ①江苏宿迁 ②黑龙江绥化 ③内蒙古 ①上海 ②湖南怀化 ③四川达州 分词 ①黑龙江绥化 ①湖南邵阳 ②黑龙江 命题预测 1. 语境化：从单句走向微型语篇：语法单选题的题干会变长，通常包含2-3个分句，需要考生通过前后文的逻辑关系（如目的、原因、结果、伴随）来判断该用哪种非谓语形式。 2. 综合化：词法与句法的交织考查：非谓语动词的考查不再孤立，而是与时态、语态、主谓一致。高频化：核心考点反复出现：考查的核心知识点相对固定，呈现出高频复现的特点。 3. 生活化：选材贴近学生实际：命题素材将更多地来源于学生的日常生活、校园活动、社会热点（如环保、科技、体育锻炼）和中国传统文化。 考点一 动词不定式 1．（2025·海南·中考真题）________ the speech interesting, our head teacher prepared a short video. A．To make B．Make C．Making 2．（2025·西藏·中考真题）Our teacher advises us ________ ourselves in the sunshine. A．enjoy B．to enjoy C．enjoyed D．enjoying 3．（2025·江苏宿迁·中考真题）Kitty will go to the English Corner ______ her English this Saturday afternoon. A．to practise B．practising C．practised D．practise 4．（2025·吉林长春·中考真题）________ eyes healthy, we students should spend less time on screens. A．To keep B．Keep C．Kept D．Keeping 5．（2025·黑龙江·中考真题）________ communication easier and faster, engineers in that company have designed a kind of smart watches. A．Make B．Making C．To make 6．（2025·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）Our English teacher is humorous and he often tells funny jokes to make us ________. A．to laugh B．laugh C．laughed 7．（2025·福建·中考真题）We will attend the tea festival in our town ________ more about tea culture. A．learning B．to learn C．learned 8．（2025·天津·中考真题）The government is developing new plans ________ ancient buildings. A．protect B．to protect C．protects D．protected 9．（2025·江苏扬州·中考真题）We should build on past achievements and work together ________ a better world. A．make B．making C．made D．to make 1．动词不定式的构成 不定式的肯定形式一般由“to＋do(动词原形)”构成，否定形式由“not to＋do(动词原形)”构成，在句中使用时具有名词、形容词或副词的特征。不定式没有人称和数的变化。如： Who was the first woman to give a speech in public？谁是第一个在公共场所做演讲的女士？ (二)动词不定式的用法 1. 作主语 不定式作主语时，通常用it作形式主语，真正的不定式主语则被放到句尾保持句子平衡。如： “It is＋adj.(＋for/of sb.)＋to do sth.”结构中，如果形容词修饰不定式，应用介词for；如果形容词修饰sb.，应用介词of。如： To be a teacher is my dream. 成为一名老师是我的梦想。 It’s necessary for us to keep healthy. 对我们来说保持健康很有必要。 It’s nice of you to look after my dog. 你能照顾我的狗真是太好了。 2. 作表语 不定式作表语，置于系动词之后。当主语部分有动词do时，作表语的不定式可以省略to。如： A good way to train the brain is to do some math exercises every day. 训练大脑的一个好方法是每天做一些数学练习。 All you should do is go home and have a good rest. 你应该做的就是回家好好休息。 3. 作宾语 常接不定式作宾语的动词有： hope/wish to do　希望做…… expect to do　期待做…… decide to do　决定做…… dare to do　敢于做…… continue to do　继续做…… manage to do　设法做…… mean to do　打算做……；有意做…… offer to do　主动提出做…… promise to do　承诺做…… plan to do　计划做…… afford to do　负担得起做…… agree to do　同意做…… fail to do　未能做…… learn to do　学习做…… refuse to do　拒绝做…… want to do　想要做…… try to do　努力做…… 注意： ①当不定式作宾语，而后面又有宾语补足语时，常用it作形式宾语，而将不定式后置。常用于这样结构的动词有：consider，feel，find，make，think等。如： Robert found it necessary to learn a second language. Robert认为有必要再学一门语言。 My teacher makes it possible for me to learn English well. 我的老师使我学好英语成为可能。 ②疑问词如what，when，where引导的宾语从句，可以转化为“疑问词＋不定式”的形式，在句中作宾语。如： My grandma doesn’t know how she can play with iPad. ＝ My grandma doesn’t know how to play with iPad. 我奶奶不知道怎么玩平板。 4. 作定语 动词不定式作定语时，要置于被修饰的名词或代词之后，作后置定语。 如： Without doubt, he is the first person to get here. 毫无疑问，他是第一个来到这儿的人。(主谓关系) I feel really bored because I have nothing to do. 我感到非常无聊，因为我无事可做。(动宾关系) 5. 作状语 不定式作目的状语是中考的一个重要考点，不定式还可以作结果状语或原因状语。如： He tries his best to improve his family’s living conditions. 他竭尽全力是为了改善家人的生活条件。(目的状语) Linda arrived late only to find there was nobody in the classroom. Linda来晚了，结果发现教室里一个人也没有。(结果状语) I felt very sorry to hear that she was hurt in the accident. 听到她在事故中受伤，我很难过。(原因状语) 6. 作宾语补足语 (1)不定式作宾补时是对宾语的一种补充，而宾语是该动作的执行者，宾补用来补充说明宾语做什么。常见的接不定式作宾补的动词有： advise sb. to do　建议某人做…… cause sb. to do　导致某人做…… allow sb. to do　允许某人做…… ask sb. to do　要求某人做…… encourage sb. to do　鼓励某人做…… expect sb. to do　期待某人做…… invite sb. to do　邀请某人做…… remind sb. to do　提醒某人做…… teach sb. to do　教某人做…… want sb. to do　想让某人做…… wish sb. to do　希望某人做…… tell sb. to do　告诉某人做…… warn sb. to do　警告某人做…… train sb. to do　训练某人做…… order sb. to do　命令某人做…… require sb. to do　需要某人做…… (2)有些感官动词和使役动词接不定式作宾语补足语时，通常省略to。如： John made his sister keep quiet when their mother was sleeping. 在妈妈睡觉时John让妹妹保持安静。 【注意】 下面口诀可以帮助大家记住这些动词：一感(feel)、二听(hear，listen to)、三让(let，have，make)、四看(see，watch，notice，look at)、半帮助(help sb. to do/help sb.do)。 (三)动词不定式常见结构 had better (not) do sth. “最好(不要)做某事” You had better go home and have a rest. 你最好回家休息一下。 would rather do sth. “宁愿做某事” I would rather go out tonight, if you don’t mind. 如果你不介意的话，我宁愿今晚出去。 Why not do sth.? ＝ Why don’t you do sth.? “为什么不做某事呢？” Why not drop in for a chat？为什么不过来聊聊天呢？ prefer to do… rather than do…“宁愿做……而不愿做……” I prefer to take a course rather than kill time at home. 我宁愿学习一门课程，也不愿意待在家里浪费时间。 adj. ＋ enough to do sth. “足够做某事” The hall is big enough to hold 200 people.这个大厅足够容纳200人。 too… to…“太……而不能” The hot pot is too hot to eat. 这个火锅太辣了没法吃。 It takes/took sb. some time to do sth. “做某事花费某人多长时间” It takes me thirty minutes to go to work by subway every day. 我每天花费30分钟乘坐地铁去上班。 三步解题法 第一步：看动词搭配 第二步：看句子结构 是否固定句型？（It‘s + adj. + to do / too...to...） 是否疑问词+不定式？（what/how to do） 是否作目的状语？（句首或句末的to do） 第三步：看逻辑主语 不定式的执行者是谁？与句子主语是否一致？ 将选项代入句子，看是否符合语法和逻辑： 动词后接to do还是doing？ 固定句型是否正确？ 1．（2026·四川南充·模拟预测）The doctors and nurses managed ________ the lives of patients, though they didn’t have enough medicine. A．saving B．saved C．to save D．save 2．（2026·四川南充·模拟预测）The teacher had us ________ our homework on time. A．handing in B．handed in C．hand in D．to hand in 3．（2026·四川南充·模拟预测）—Shall we go swimming this afternoon? —I would rather ________ at home than ________ swimming. A．stay; going B．stay; go C．to stay; to go D．staying; going 4．（2026·上海青浦·一模）The doctor advised the young man ________ eating unhealthy food in his daily life. A．stop B．to stop C．stopping D．stopped 5．（2026·上海金山·一模）Students are required ________ their hands before speaking in the discussion. A．raise B．raised C．raising D．to raise 6．（2026·上海浦东新·一模）The school requires the seventh graders ________ a safety training course. A．complete B．to complete C．completing D．completed 7．（2026·上海徐汇·一模）This video teaches people ________ to protect themselves during an earthquake. A．what B．how C．who D．that 8．（2026·福建福州·一模）________ the classroom cleaner, Bob volunteered to clean it just now. A．Make B．Making C．To make 9．（2026·上海普陀·一模）The exchange student never expected ________ such a warm welcome from his new classmates. A．receive B．receiving C．to receive D．received 10．（2026·上海闵行·一模）Finally, Jack managed ________ his broken bike by watching online instructional videos. A．repair B．to repair C．repairing D．repaired 考点二 动名词 1．（2025·黑龙江·中考真题）—How do you improve your English listening skills? —I spend about twenty minutes ________ English videos every day. A．watch B．to watch C．watching 2．（2025·吉林通化·模拟预测）________ for too long gave Roy a lot of headaches. A．Work B．Working C．To work 3．（2025·江苏泰州·二模）Many tourists gather in Tian’anmen Square early in the morning to watch the _________ of the national flag. A．raising B．rising C．raises D．rises 4．（2025·黑龙江哈尔滨·模拟预测）—This shirt is for my father as a gift on Father’s Day. —We should never fail __________ thanks to people around us. A．express B．to express C．expressing 5．（2025·甘肃张掖·二模）—So far, Hi Mom is one of the most ________ films I’ve ever seen. —That’s true, It is well worth ________ again. A．move; see B．moved; to see C．moving; seeing D．moved; seeing 6．（2025·黑龙江哈尔滨·三模）—Shall we go hiking this weekend? —I’d like to, but I’m too busy ________ the English speaking competition. A．to prepare for B．preparing for C．prepare for 7．（2025·江苏常州·三模）More attention should be paid to ________ the environment. A．protect B．protecting C．protected D．to protect 8．（2025·云南昆明·三模）The scientists are busy ______ new energy sources to solve the energy problem. A．research B．to research C．researching D．researched 9．（2025·江苏淮安·二模）He spends most of time in his life ________ studying how to prevent air pollution. A．working on B．to work on C．working out D．to work out (一)动名词的构成与特征 动名词由“动词原形＋­ing”构成，与现在分词的构成相同。动名词既有动词的特征，又有名词的特征，可以在句子中充当主语、表语、宾语和定语。如： Staying up late is bad for your health. 熬夜对你的健康有害。 Her hobby is playing the violin. 她的爱好是拉小提琴。 (二)动名词的用法 1. 作主语。动名词作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式；几个并列的动名词(短语)作主语，谓语动词用复数形式；而在it is no use/good… 的结构中，习惯接动名词作真正的主语。如： Being successful doesn’t mean having a lot of money. 成功并不意味着有很多钱。 Going hiking is good for our health. 远足对我们的健康有好处。 It is no good complaining. 抱怨是没有用的。 2. 作表语。动名词作表语，有时可以转换为动名词作主语。如： The nurse’s job is looking after patients. ＝ Looking after patients is the nurse’s job. 护士的工作是照顾病人。 3. 作宾语。常见的后接动名词作宾语的词/短语有： allow doing sth.　允许做某事 practice doing sth.　练习做某事 avoid doing sth.　避免做某事 like doing sth.　喜欢做某事 hate doing sth.　讨厌做某事 dislike doing sth.　不喜欢做某事 keep doing sth.　持续做某事 keep on doing sth.　继续做某事 imagine doing sth.　想象做某事 enjoy doing sth.　喜欢做某事 consider doing sth.　考虑做某事 finish doing sth.　做完某事 mind doing sth.　介意做某事 stand doing sth.　容忍做某事 miss doing sth.　错过做某事 sth. need(s) doing　需要对某物做某事 sth. be worth doing　某事值得被做 be used to doing sth.　习惯于做某事 be busy doing sth.　忙于做某事 feel like doing sth.　想做某事 give up doing sth.　放弃做某事 look forward to doing sth.　期待做某事 suggest doing sth.　建议做某事 can’t help doing sth.　禁不住做某事 succeed in doing sth.　成功地做成某事 pay attention to doing sth.　专心做某事 insist on doing sth.　坚持做某事 有些动词可以接动词不定式与动名词，但是表达的意思不同。如： be used to do被用来做 be used to doing习惯于；适应于； forget to do sth 忘记去做某事； forget doing sth 忘记已经做过某事； remember to do sth记住去做某事； remember doing sth记得曾经做过某事； regret to do sth遗憾去做某事； regret doing sth后悔做过某事； stop to do sth停下来去做另一件事； stop doing sth停止做一件事； try to do sth努力/试图做某事； try doing sth尝试着做某事； mean to do sth已与/企图做某事； mean doing sth意味着做某事； go on to do sth（做完某事）接着做另一件事；go on doing sth继续做同一件事； can’t help to do sth不能帮助做某事； can’t help doing sth情不自禁地做某事； 4. 作定语。表示被修饰词的功能和用途。有时也表示其与被修饰词之间为主动关系，且动作正在进行。如： I can’t decide whether I should buy this kind of washing machine. 我决定不了是否应该买这台洗衣机。 There are about 200 students studying in this school. 大约有200个学生在这个学校学习。 1. 三步解题法 第一步：看动词搭配 空格前的动词是什么？ enjoy/finish/mind → 接doing want/hope/decide → 接to do remember/forget/stop → 根据意义判断 第二步：看介词 空格前有介词（in/on/at/of/for/about/without/by）？→ 必须用doing 第三步：看固定句型 是否be busy doing？、是否spend time doing？是否look forward to doing？（注意to是介词） 代入验证法 将选项代入句子，看是否符合语法和逻辑： 动词后接doing还是to do？介词后是否用了doing？固定句型是否正确？ 排除法应用 当遇到不确定的选项时： 先排除明显形式错误的选项（如动词原形在介词后） 再排除不符合动词搭配的选项 最后在剩余选项中对比选择 1．（2026·福建三明·一模）Many young people consider ________ AI robots to help with their daily housework, since technology is developing so fast. A．use B．using C．to use 2．（2026·上海长宁·一模）The suspect denied ________ the vase, but the cameras clearly showed his actions. A．to steal B．stole C．stealing D．steal 3．（2026·上海青浦·一模）Our school is considering ________ a fun fair to welcome the new year. A．holding B．to hold C．held D．hold 4．（2026·上海黄浦·一模）Pelé spent his early years ________ soccer barefoot with a ball made of socks. A．play B．to play C．playing D．to playing 5．（2026·上海宝山·一模）The naughty boy finally admitted ________ the vase while flying the model plane at home. A．break B．broken C．breaking D．to break 6．（2026·上海普陀·一模）The suspect finally admitted ________ to the police after days of questioning. A．lie B．lying C．to lie D．lied 7．（2026·上海浦东新·一模）Can you imagine ________ a strange planet some day in the future? A．visit B．visiting C．visited D．to visit 8．（2026·上海闵行·一模）Grace denied ________ the tap running in the bathroom, but the floor was all wet. A．leave B．to leave C．leaving D．left 9．（2026·上海虹口·一模）Have you finished _______ your English composition on how to keep healthy? A．write B．writing C．to write D．to writing 10．（2026·上海静安·一模）I turned off the laptop after I finished ________ the notes. A．write B．to write C．writing D．writes 考点三 分词 1．（2025·黑龙江绥化·模拟预测）—Look! There are some students ________ basketball on the playground. —Yes. I often see them ________ basketball there. A．play, play B．playing, play C．to play, playing 2．（2025·江苏扬州·三模）The couple were seen ________ a walk outside at this time yesterday . Nobody knows when they came back. A．take B．taken C．took D．taking 3．（2025·江苏淮安·一模）The river ______ through Huai’an is called the Grand Canal (大运河). A．flows B．flowed C．flowing D．to flow 4．（2025·甘肃平凉·一模）________ their hats into the air, the fans of the winning team shouted happily. A．To throw B．Throwing C．Thrown D．Being thrown 5．（2025·黑龙江哈尔滨·三模）—How will you deal with our old fridge, dear? —Well, I am considering having it ________ and then we don’t need to buy a new one. A．repair B．repaired C．to repair 6．（2025·黑龙江佳木斯·三模）It took me only two hours to get my bike ________. A．repaired B．repairing C．to repair 7．（2025·江苏徐州·模拟预测）The book ________ by Han Han is very popular among teenagers. A．write B．wrote C．writing D．written 8．（2025·黑龙江哈尔滨·二模）—Have you read the novels ________ by Mark Twain? —Yes. And many of them are well worth ________. A．writing, reading B．wrote, being read C．written, reading (一)分词的构成与特征 分词分为现在分词和过去分词两种：现在分词由动词原形加­ing构成；过去分词的基本形式是“动词原形＋­ed”，也有不规则变化。现在分词在时态上强调动作正在进行，语态上侧重于主动。过去分词在时态上强调动作已经完成，语态上侧重被动。 (二)分词的用法 1. 作定语。分词作定语时，它所修饰的名词就是该分词的逻辑主语。如果分词是一个单词，分词位于所修饰的名词之前；如果是分词短语，常后置。现在分词与逻辑主语之间是主动关系，而过去分词则表示被动关系。不管是现在分词还是过去分词作定语，都可以转换成一个定语从句。如： The dancing girl(＝The girl who is dancing) is my classmate. 那个跳舞的女孩是我的同班同学。 2. 作状语。分词作状语时，相当于一个状语从句。现在分词作状语，其表示的动作一般与句子谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生。而过去分词则表示动作一般在谓语动词之前或与谓语动词同时发生。如： Hearing the good news(＝When they heard the good news), the students were wild with joy. 听到这个好消息同学们欣喜若狂。(时间状语，hearing与the students是逻辑上的主动关系) Every evening they sat on the sofa watching TV(＝and watched TV). 每天晚上他们都坐在沙发上看电视。(伴随状语，watching与they是逻辑上的主动关系) 3. 作宾语补足语。分词在复合宾语中可作宾语补足语，对句子的宾语起补充说明的作用。如： I hear the couple quarreling in their home. 我听见这对夫妻在家里吵架。 He spoke slowly in order to make himself understood by the students. 他讲得很慢，以便学生能听懂。 -ing和-ed是否用对？（exciting news ✅ / excited news ❌） 分词作状语时，逻辑主语是否与句子主语一致？（Walking in the street, I met a friend. ✅） 分词作定语时，位置是否正确？（the boy playing football ✅ / the playing football boy ❌） 感官动词后的宾补形式是否正确？（I saw him crossing the street. 表示正在过） have/get sth. done结构是否理解？（I had my hair cut. ✅ 表示让别人剪） 固定搭配中的分词是否记牢？（keep doing, keep done, have trouble doing） 分词用法要分清，主动被动是关键 -ing表示主动进行，-ed表示被动完成 修饰人用-ed，修饰物用-ing 分词作状看主语，逻辑一致不能忘 感官动词后宾补，do/done/doing各不同 have/get sth. done，让别人做记心中 1．（2026·四川达州·模拟预测）—The bike well-________  yesterday broke down again this afternoon. —________ unlucky you are! A．repairing; How B．repaired; What C．repaired; How 2．（2026·四川南充·模拟预测） With her bike ________, she had to walk home. A．steal B．stolen C．stealing D．to steal 3．（2025·安徽·模拟预测）Huawei’s Hongmeng OS has become the world’s third-largest mobile operating system, ______ over 300 million devices. A．power B．powers C．powered D．powering 4．（2025·安徽·模拟预测）The government’s subsidy policy ________ consumers to buy electric vehicles has boosted sales by 60%. A．encourages B．encouraging C．to encourage D．encouraged 5．（2025·甘肃·模拟预测）—Do you know the women ________ clothes by the river? —I have no idea. A．washing B．washed C．to wash D．washes 6．（2025·江苏宿迁·一模）I saw my computer teacher ________ a broken computer in his office at 7 p.m. yesterday. A．repair B．to repair C．repairing D．to repair 7．（2025·安徽安庆·二模）When he got home, he saw his dog ________ on the floor and a bottle of wine was ________ on the table. A．lied, lain B．lying, laid C．lay, lying D．lie, lay 1．（2026·上海长宁·一模）The school’s new library system enables readers ________ books conveniently online. A．borrow B．to borrow C．borrowed D．borrowing 2．（2026·上海宝山·一模）We managed ________ a table at the popular restaurant by calling early. A．book B．booked C．to book D．booking 3．（2026·上海奉贤·一模）Students are encouraged ________ more time outdoors to improve their physical and mental health. A．spend B．to spend C．spending D．spent 4．（2025·甘肃定西·模拟预测）I think it is necessary for college students _________ part in some social activities. A．take B．taking C．to take D．took 5．（2025·云南昆明·模拟预测）Students are expected ________ Yunnan’s old history and special culture. A．learn B．to learn C．learning D．learned 6．（2025·海南海口·模拟预测）I’ve never expected ________ the chance to go to Jay Zhou’s concert in Sanya. A．get B．getting C．to get 7．（2025·甘肃张掖·二模）She prefers ________ rather than ________ TV. A．swimming; watching B．to swimming; watching C．to swim; watch D．to swim; watching 8．（2025·云南红河·模拟预测）—For our safety, we had better avoid ________ in the river alone. —Yes. We also need to keep away from other dangerous places. A．swim B．swam C．to swim D．swimming 9．（2025·上海虹口·三模）—What’s your plan for the summer holiday? —I’m considering ______ to Hainan Island for swimming lessons. A．go B．going C．to go D．went 10．（2025·吉林·模拟预测）Don’t be so narrow-minded. Helping others means ________ yourself. If you are kind to someone, he will someday repay you. A．to help B．helping C．helped 11．（2025·上海金山·三模）The teacher asked the students to avoid ________ too many mistakes in the exam. A．made B．to make C．have made D．making 12．（2025·云南昭通·模拟预测）To prevent myopia (近视), you should avoid ________ too much time looking at screens. A．spend B．spends C．spent D．spending 13．（2025·云南楚雄·二模）We’d better avoid ________ about things like age, weight or money while talking with foreigners. A．talk B．to talk C．talking D．talks 14．（2025·黑龙江绥化·模拟预测）Some housework ________ by your parents should be done on your own. A．is given B．given C．gives 15．（2025·黑龙江绥化·模拟预测）I made myself ________ on that day. A．understand B．understood C．understanding 16．（2025·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·三模）Many university students enjoy reading A Brief History of Time (《时间简史》) ________ by Stephen Hawking. A．was written B．to write C．written 17．（2025·黑龙江·一模）—Did you make anyone ________ those clothes? —Yes, I got those clothes ________. A．wash; wash B．to wash; washed C．wash; washed 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司2 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题07 非谓语动词（复习讲义） 目 录 01 析·考情目标 02 筑·专题框架 03 攻·重难考点 真题动向 核心提炼 易错警示/技巧点拨 非谓语动词 考点一 动词不定式 考点二 动名词 考点三 分词 04 测·预测闯关 非谓语动词 命题透视 1．从命题形式上看，主要出现在单项选择、完形填空、语法填空、词语运用和短文填词等题型中。 2．从命题内容上看，固定搭配与句型，易混动词辨析，考查学生对非谓语动词逻辑主语的理解，特别是分词作状语和定语时，省略to的情况等结构。 热考角度 考点 2025年 2024年 2023年 动词不定式 ①海南 ②江苏宿迁 ③吉林长春 ①四川攀枝花 ②江苏南京 ③黑龙江牡丹江 ①四川甘孜 ②湖南益阳 ③江苏徐州 动名词 黑龙江 ①江苏宿迁 ②黑龙江绥化 ③内蒙古 ①上海 ②湖南怀化 ③四川达州 分词 ①黑龙江绥化 ①湖南邵阳 ②黑龙江 命题预测 1. 语境化：从单句走向微型语篇：语法单选题的题干会变长，通常包含2-3个分句，需要考生通过前后文的逻辑关系（如目的、原因、结果、伴随）来判断该用哪种非谓语形式。 2. 综合化：词法与句法的交织考查：非谓语动词的考查不再孤立，而是与时态、语态、主谓一致。高频化：核心考点反复出现：考查的核心知识点相对固定，呈现出高频复现的特点。 3. 生活化：选材贴近学生实际：命题素材将更多地来源于学生的日常生活、校园活动、社会热点（如环保、科技、体育锻炼）和中国传统文化。 考点一 动词不定式 1．（2025·海南·中考真题）________ the speech interesting, our head teacher prepared a short video. A．To make B．Make C．Making 【答案】A 【详解】句意：为了使演讲有趣，我们的班主任准备了一个短视频。 考查非谓语动词。根据“the speech interesting, our head teacher prepared a short video.”可知，班主任准备了一个短视频是为了使演讲有趣，应用动词不定式表示目的。故选A。 2．（2025·西藏·中考真题）Our teacher advises us ________ ourselves in the sunshine. A．enjoy B．to enjoy C．enjoyed D．enjoying 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们的老师建议我们在阳光下享受（美好时光）。 考查非谓语动词。“advise sb. to do sth.”是固定用法，意为“建议某人做某事”，根据“Our teacher advises us...ourselves in the sunshine.”可知，此处用动词不定式作宾语补足语，故选B。 3．（2025·江苏宿迁·中考真题）Kitty will go to the English Corner ______ her English this Saturday afternoon. A．to practise B．practising C．practised D．practise 【答案】A 【详解】句意：基蒂这个星期六下午要去英语角练习英语。 考查非谓语动词。to practise练习，动词不定式形式；practising练习，现在分词或动名词形式；practised练习，过去式或过去分词形式；practise练习，动词原形。根据句子结构可知，空处应是动词不定式作目的状语，表示去英语角的目的是练习英语。故选A。 4．（2025·吉林长春·中考真题）________ eyes healthy, we students should spend less time on screens. A．To keep B．Keep C．Kept D．Keeping 【答案】A 【详解】句意：为了保持眼睛健康，我们学生应该少花时间在屏幕前。 考查非谓语动词。根据“...eyes healthy”可知，学生少花时间在屏幕前是为了保持眼睛健康，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语，表示“为了保持眼睛健康”。故选A。 5．（2025·黑龙江·中考真题）________ communication easier and faster, engineers in that company have designed a kind of smart watches. A．Make B．Making C．To make 【答案】C 【详解】句意：为了实现更便捷、快速的通信，该公司的工程师设计了一款智能手表。 考查非谓语动词。根据“engineers in that company have designed a kind of smart watches.”可知，工程师设计了一款智能手表是为了实现更便捷、快速的通信，应用动词不定式表示目的。故选C。 6．（2025·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）Our English teacher is humorous and he often tells funny jokes to make us ________. A．to laugh B．laugh C．laughed 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们的英语老师很幽默，他经常讲有趣的笑话来逗笑我们。 考查非谓语动词。make sb. do sth.“让某人做某事”，省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。故选B。 7．（2025·福建·中考真题）We will attend the tea festival in our town ________ more about tea culture. A．learning B．to learn C．learned 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们将参加我们镇上的茶文化节，以进一步了解茶文化。 考查非谓语动词。根据“more about tea culture.”可知，此处在句中表示目的，用动词不定式形式，故选B。 8．（2025·天津·中考真题）The government is developing new plans ________ ancient buildings. A．protect B．to protect C．protects D．protected 【答案】B 【详解】句意：政府正在制定新计划以保护古建筑。 考查非谓语动词。根据“The government is developing new plans...ancient buildings.”可知，制定新计划是为了保护古建筑，故此处应用动词不定式作目的状语，故空格处需用to protect。故选B。 9．（2025·江苏扬州·中考真题）We should build on past achievements and work together ________ a better world. A．make B．making C．made D．to make 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们应该在过去的成就基础上再接再厉，共同努力创造一个更美好的世界。 考查动词不定式。根据“We should build on past achievements and work together...a better world.”可知，在过去的成就基础上再接再厉并共同努力，以创造一个更美好的世界。此处应是动词不定式作目的状语，故选D。 1．动词不定式的构成 不定式的肯定形式一般由“to＋do(动词原形)”构成，否定形式由“not to＋do(动词原形)”构成，在句中使用时具有名词、形容词或副词的特征。不定式没有人称和数的变化。如： Who was the first woman to give a speech in public？谁是第一个在公共场所做演讲的女士？ (二)动词不定式的用法 1. 作主语 不定式作主语时，通常用it作形式主语，真正的不定式主语则被放到句尾保持句子平衡。如： “It is＋adj.(＋for/of sb.)＋to do sth.”结构中，如果形容词修饰不定式，应用介词for；如果形容词修饰sb.，应用介词of。如： To be a teacher is my dream. 成为一名老师是我的梦想。 It’s necessary for us to keep healthy. 对我们来说保持健康很有必要。 It’s nice of you to look after my dog. 你能照顾我的狗真是太好了。 2. 作表语 不定式作表语，置于系动词之后。当主语部分有动词do时，作表语的不定式可以省略to。如： A good way to train the brain is to do some math exercises every day. 训练大脑的一个好方法是每天做一些数学练习。 All you should do is go home and have a good rest. 你应该做的就是回家好好休息。 3. 作宾语 常接不定式作宾语的动词有： hope/wish to do　希望做…… expect to do　期待做…… decide to do　决定做…… dare to do　敢于做…… continue to do　继续做…… manage to do　设法做…… mean to do　打算做……；有意做…… offer to do　主动提出做…… promise to do　承诺做…… plan to do　计划做…… afford to do　负担得起做…… agree to do　同意做…… fail to do　未能做…… learn to do　学习做…… refuse to do　拒绝做…… want to do　想要做…… try to do　努力做…… 注意： ①当不定式作宾语，而后面又有宾语补足语时，常用it作形式宾语，而将不定式后置。常用于这样结构的动词有：consider，feel，find，make，think等。如： Robert found it necessary to learn a second language. Robert认为有必要再学一门语言。 My teacher makes it possible for me to learn English well. 我的老师使我学好英语成为可能。 ②疑问词如what，when，where引导的宾语从句，可以转化为“疑问词＋不定式”的形式，在句中作宾语。如： My grandma doesn’t know how she can play with iPad. ＝ My grandma doesn’t know how to play with iPad. 我奶奶不知道怎么玩平板。 4. 作定语 动词不定式作定语时，要置于被修饰的名词或代词之后，作后置定语。 如： Without doubt, he is the first person to get here. 毫无疑问，他是第一个来到这儿的人。(主谓关系) I feel really bored because I have nothing to do. 我感到非常无聊，因为我无事可做。(动宾关系) 5. 作状语 不定式作目的状语是中考的一个重要考点，不定式还可以作结果状语或原因状语。如： He tries his best to improve his family’s living conditions. 他竭尽全力是为了改善家人的生活条件。(目的状语) Linda arrived late only to find there was nobody in the classroom. Linda来晚了，结果发现教室里一个人也没有。(结果状语) I felt very sorry to hear that she was hurt in the accident. 听到她在事故中受伤，我很难过。(原因状语) 6. 作宾语补足语 (1)不定式作宾补时是对宾语的一种补充，而宾语是该动作的执行者，宾补用来补充说明宾语做什么。常见的接不定式作宾补的动词有： advise sb. to do　建议某人做…… cause sb. to do　导致某人做…… allow sb. to do　允许某人做…… ask sb. to do　要求某人做…… encourage sb. to do　鼓励某人做…… expect sb. to do　期待某人做…… invite sb. to do　邀请某人做…… remind sb. to do　提醒某人做…… teach sb. to do　教某人做…… want sb. to do　想让某人做…… wish sb. to do　希望某人做…… tell sb. to do　告诉某人做…… warn sb. to do　警告某人做…… train sb. to do　训练某人做…… order sb. to do　命令某人做…… require sb. to do　需要某人做…… (2)有些感官动词和使役动词接不定式作宾语补足语时，通常省略to。如： John made his sister keep quiet when their mother was sleeping. 在妈妈睡觉时John让妹妹保持安静。 【注意】 下面口诀可以帮助大家记住这些动词：一感(feel)、二听(hear，listen to)、三让(let，have，make)、四看(see，watch，notice，look at)、半帮助(help sb. to do/help sb.do)。 (三)动词不定式常见结构 had better (not) do sth. “最好(不要)做某事” You had better go home and have a rest. 你最好回家休息一下。 would rather do sth. “宁愿做某事” I would rather go out tonight, if you don’t mind. 如果你不介意的话，我宁愿今晚出去。 Why not do sth.? ＝ Why don’t you do sth.? “为什么不做某事呢？” Why not drop in for a chat？为什么不过来聊聊天呢？ prefer to do… rather than do…“宁愿做……而不愿做……” I prefer to take a course rather than kill time at home. 我宁愿学习一门课程，也不愿意待在家里浪费时间。 adj. ＋ enough to do sth. “足够做某事” The hall is big enough to hold 200 people.这个大厅足够容纳200人。 too… to…“太……而不能” The hot pot is too hot to eat. 这个火锅太辣了没法吃。 It takes/took sb. some time to do sth. “做某事花费某人多长时间” It takes me thirty minutes to go to work by subway every day. 我每天花费30分钟乘坐地铁去上班。 三步解题法 第一步：看动词搭配 第二步：看句子结构 是否固定句型？（It‘s + adj. + to do / too...to...） 是否疑问词+不定式？（what/how to do） 是否作目的状语？（句首或句末的to do） 第三步：看逻辑主语 不定式的执行者是谁？与句子主语是否一致？ 将选项代入句子，看是否符合语法和逻辑： 动词后接to do还是doing？ 固定句型是否正确？ 1．（2026·四川南充·模拟预测）The doctors and nurses managed ________ the lives of patients, though they didn’t have enough medicine. A．saving B．saved C．to save D．save 【答案】C 【详解】句意：尽管没有足够的药物，医生和护士们还是设法挽救了病人的生命。 考查非谓语动词。manage to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“设法做成某事”，强调成功完成，C项符合。故选C。 2．（2026·四川南充·模拟预测）The teacher had us ________ our homework on time. A．handing in B．handed in C．hand in D．to hand in 【答案】C 【详解】句意：老师让我们按时交作业。考查使役动词have的用法。have sb. doing sth.让某人持续做某事，主动；have sb. do sth.让某人做某事，强调动作的一次性、全过程，主动；have sth. done让某事被做，被动。根据“The teacher had us...our homework on time.”可知，老师让我们按时交作业。无被动语态，且“按时交作业”是一次性的动作，不是持续的。故选C。 3．（2026·四川南充·模拟预测）—Shall we go swimming this afternoon? —I would rather ________ at home than ________ swimming. A．stay; going B．stay; go C．to stay; to go D．staying; going 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——今天下午我们去游泳好吗？——我宁愿待在家里也不愿去游泳。 考查动词不定式的省略。stay/go停留/去，动词原形；staying/going停留/去，动名词或现在分词；to stay/to go停留/去，动词不定式。根据“would rather do A than do B”可知，两个空均使用动词原形，意为“宁愿做A(待在家)也不愿做B(去游泳)”。故选B。 4．（2026·上海青浦·一模）The doctor advised the young man ________ eating unhealthy food in his daily life. A．stop B．to stop C．stopping D．stopped 【答案】B 【详解】句意：医生建议这位年轻人在日常生活中停止食用不健康的食物。考查非谓语动词。advise sb. to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“建议某人做某事”，因此空格处应填动词不定式to stop。故选B。 5．（2026·上海金山·一模）Students are required ________ their hands before speaking in the discussion. A．raise B．raised C．raising D．to raise 【答案】D 【详解】句意：在讨论中发言前，学生们被要求举手。考查非谓语动词。固定搭配“be required to do sth.”，意为是“被要求做某事”，此处应用动词不定式作主语补足语。故选D。 6．（2026·上海浦东新·一模）The school requires the seventh graders ________ a safety training course. A．complete B．to complete C．completing D．completed 【答案】B 【详解】句意：学校要求七年级学生完成一门安全培训课程。考查非谓语动词。complete动词，完成。分析句子结构可知，谓语动词“require”后接宾语补足语时，应用动词不定式结构，即“require sb. to do sth.”，意为“要求某人做某事”。故选B。 7．（2026·上海徐汇·一模）This video teaches people ________ to protect themselves during an earthquake. A．what B．how C．who D．that 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这个视频教人们如何在地震中保护自己。考查疑问词+不定式结构。what什么；how怎样；who谁；that引导宾语从句。teach sb. how to do sth.意为“教某人如何做某事”，符合句意。故选B。 8．（2026·福建福州·一模）________ the classroom cleaner, Bob volunteered to clean it just now. A．Make B．Making C．To make 【答案】C 【详解】句意：为了让教室更干净，鲍勃刚才主动提出打扫。考查非谓语动词。根据“Bob volunteered to clean it just now”可知，鲍勃主动打扫教室的目的是“让教室更干净”，表示目的应使用动词不定式（to do）作目的状语。故选C。 9．（2026·上海普陀·一模）The exchange student never expected ________ such a warm welcome from his new classmates. A．receive B．receiving C．to receive D．received 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这位交换生从未预料到会从他的新同学那里收到如此热烈的欢迎。考查非谓语动词。receive收到（动词原形）；receiving收到（动名词/现在分词）；to receive收到（动词不定式）；received收到（过去式/过去分词）。expect to do sth.“预料做某事”，是固定搭配，C项符合。故选C。 10．（2026·上海闵行·一模）Finally, Jack managed ________ his broken bike by watching online instructional videos. A．repair B．to repair C．repairing D．repaired 【答案】B 【详解】句意：最终，杰克通过观看在线教学视频设法修好了他坏掉的自行车。考查非谓语动词。manage to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“设法做成某事”，因此空格处应填不定式to repair。故选B。 考点二 动名词 1．（2025·黑龙江·中考真题）—How do you improve your English listening skills? —I spend about twenty minutes ________ English videos every day. A．watch B．to watch C．watching 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你如何提高自己的英语听力水平？——我每天大约花二十分钟观看英语视频。 考查动名词作宾语。spend time doing sth“花时间做某事”，故选C。 2．（2025·吉林通化·模拟预测）________ for too long gave Roy a lot of headaches. A．Work B．Working C．To work 【答案】B 【详解】句意：工作太久使Roy很头痛。考查非谓语动词。根据“...for too long gave Roy a lot of headaches.”可知，此处缺少主语，动词不定式作主语常用于表示目的、意图或未发生的动作，而本句强调一个已经发生的持续行为，应用动名词作主语。故选B。 3．（2025·江苏泰州·二模）Many tourists gather in Tian’anmen Square early in the morning to watch the _________ of the national flag. A．raising B．rising C．raises D．rises 【答案】A 【详解】句意：许多游客清晨聚集在天安门广场观看国旗的升起。考查动词辨析。raising举起，动名词形式；rising上升，动名词形式；raises举起，动词第三人称单数；rises上升，动词第三人称单数。根据“the...of”可知，此处应用动名词；“国旗的升起”是人为操作的动作，“raising”强调人为举起，而“rising”指自然上升。故选A。 4．（2025·黑龙江哈尔滨·模拟预测）—This shirt is for my father as a gift on Father’s Day. —We should never fail __________ thanks to people around us. A．express B．to express C．expressing 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——这件衬衫是我送给爸爸的父亲节礼物。——我们永远都不应该忘记向身边的人表达感谢。考查动词fail的用法。fail to do sth表示“未能做某事 ”，固定用法，此处需用动词不定式。故选B。 5．（2025·甘肃张掖·二模）—So far, Hi Mom is one of the most ________ films I’ve ever seen. —That’s true, It is well worth ________ again. A．move; see B．moved; to see C．moving; seeing D．moved; seeing 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——到目前为止，《你好，李焕英》是我看过的最感人的电影之一。——真的，很值得再看一遍。考查形容词辨析和非谓语动词。move感动，动词；moved感动的，修饰人；moving令人感动的，修饰物。根据“So far, Hi Mom is one of the most…films I’ve ever seen.”可知，此处修饰的是电影，应该用moving修饰；be worth doing sth.意为“值得做某事”，形容词短语，第二个空填seeing。故选C。 6．（2025·黑龙江哈尔滨·三模）—Shall we go hiking this weekend? —I’d like to, but I’m too busy ________ the English speaking competition. A．to prepare for B．preparing for C．prepare for 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——这个周末我们去远足怎么样？——我很想，但我正忙于准备英语演讲比赛。 考查非谓语动词。根据“but I’m too busy ... the English speaking competition.”可知，此处是be busy doing sth“忙于做某事”，空处用动名词。故选B。 7．（2025·江苏常州·三模）More attention should be paid to ________ the environment. A．protect B．protecting C．protected D．to protect 【答案】B 【详解】句意：应该更加注意保护环境。考查非谓语动词。protect保护，动词原形；protecting保护，动名词或现在分词；protected保护，过去式或过去分词；to protect保护，动词不定式。根据“More attention should be paid to...the environment.”可知，此处是固定搭配pay attention to doing sth.“注意做某事”，其中to是介词，后接动名词作宾语，所以用protecting。故选B。 8．（2025·云南昆明·三模）The scientists are busy ______ new energy sources to solve the energy problem. A．research B．to research C．researching D．researched 【答案】C 【详解】句意：科学家们正忙着研究新能源来解决能源问题。    考查非谓语动词。research动词原形；to research动词不定式；researching动词-ing形式；researched过去式，过去分词。be busy doing sth. 意为“忙于做某事”，因此空格处应填动词的-ing形式。故选C。 9．（2025·江苏淮安·二模）He spends most of time in his life ________ studying how to prevent air pollution. A．working on B．to work on C．working out D．to work out 【答案】A 【详解】句意：他一生中大部分时间都致力于研究如何防止空气污染。考查动词短语和非谓语动词。work on致力于，从事 (某项工作或研究)；work out解决，计算出，制定出。根据空后“studying how to prevent air pollution”可知，研究如何防止空气污染是长期的研究目标，应用“work on”，排除C和D；spend time (in) doing sth.“花费时间做某事”，固定搭配，其中“in”可省略，所以这里应用动名词working，排除B。故选A。 (一)动名词的构成与特征 动名词由“动词原形＋­ing”构成，与现在分词的构成相同。动名词既有动词的特征，又有名词的特征，可以在句子中充当主语、表语、宾语和定语。如： Staying up late is bad for your health. 熬夜对你的健康有害。 Her hobby is playing the violin. 她的爱好是拉小提琴。 (二)动名词的用法 1. 作主语。动名词作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式；几个并列的动名词(短语)作主语，谓语动词用复数形式；而在it is no use/good… 的结构中，习惯接动名词作真正的主语。如： Being successful doesn’t mean having a lot of money. 成功并不意味着有很多钱。 Going hiking is good for our health. 远足对我们的健康有好处。 It is no good complaining. 抱怨是没有用的。 2. 作表语。动名词作表语，有时可以转换为动名词作主语。如： The nurse’s job is looking after patients. ＝ Looking after patients is the nurse’s job. 护士的工作是照顾病人。 3. 作宾语。常见的后接动名词作宾语的词/短语有： allow doing sth.　允许做某事 practice doing sth.　练习做某事 avoid doing sth.　避免做某事 like doing sth.　喜欢做某事 hate doing sth.　讨厌做某事 dislike doing sth.　不喜欢做某事 keep doing sth.　持续做某事 keep on doing sth.　继续做某事 imagine doing sth.　想象做某事 enjoy doing sth.　喜欢做某事 consider doing sth.　考虑做某事 finish doing sth.　做完某事 mind doing sth.　介意做某事 stand doing sth.　容忍做某事 miss doing sth.　错过做某事 sth. need(s) doing　需要对某物做某事 sth. be worth doing　某事值得被做 be used to doing sth.　习惯于做某事 be busy doing sth.　忙于做某事 feel like doing sth.　想做某事 give up doing sth.　放弃做某事 look forward to doing sth.　期待做某事 suggest doing sth.　建议做某事 can’t help doing sth.　禁不住做某事 succeed in doing sth.　成功地做成某事 pay attention to doing sth.　专心做某事 insist on doing sth.　坚持做某事 有些动词可以接动词不定式与动名词，但是表达的意思不同。如： be used to do被用来做 be used to doing习惯于；适应于； forget to do sth 忘记去做某事； forget doing sth 忘记已经做过某事； remember to do sth记住去做某事； remember doing sth记得曾经做过某事； regret to do sth遗憾去做某事； regret doing sth后悔做过某事； stop to do sth停下来去做另一件事； stop doing sth停止做一件事； try to do sth努力/试图做某事； try doing sth尝试着做某事； mean to do sth已与/企图做某事； mean doing sth意味着做某事； go on to do sth（做完某事）接着做另一件事；go on doing sth继续做同一件事； can’t help to do sth不能帮助做某事； can’t help doing sth情不自禁地做某事； 4. 作定语。表示被修饰词的功能和用途。有时也表示其与被修饰词之间为主动关系，且动作正在进行。如： I can’t decide whether I should buy this kind of washing machine. 我决定不了是否应该买这台洗衣机。 There are about 200 students studying in this school. 大约有200个学生在这个学校学习。 1. 三步解题法 第一步：看动词搭配 空格前的动词是什么？ enjoy/finish/mind → 接doing want/hope/decide → 接to do remember/forget/stop → 根据意义判断 第二步：看介词 空格前有介词（in/on/at/of/for/about/without/by）？→ 必须用doing 第三步：看固定句型 是否be busy doing？、是否spend time doing？是否look forward to doing？（注意to是介词） 代入验证法 将选项代入句子，看是否符合语法和逻辑： 动词后接doing还是to do？介词后是否用了doing？固定句型是否正确？ 排除法应用 当遇到不确定的选项时： 先排除明显形式错误的选项（如动词原形在介词后） 再排除不符合动词搭配的选项 最后在剩余选项中对比选择 1．（2026·福建三明·一模）Many young people consider ________ AI robots to help with their daily housework, since technology is developing so fast. A．use B．using C．to use 【答案】B 【详解】句意：许多年轻人考虑使用AI机器人来帮助处理日常家务，因为科技发展如此迅速。 考查非谓语动词。根据“consider”可知，动词consider后应接动名词作宾语，表示“考虑做某事”，因此空格处需用using。故选B。 2．（2026·上海长宁·一模）The suspect denied ________ the vase, but the cameras clearly showed his actions. A．to steal B．stole C．stealing D．steal 【答案】C 【详解】句意：嫌疑人否认偷了花瓶，但监控清楚地显示了他的行为。 考查非谓语动词。deny doing sth.“否认做某事”，动名词作宾语。故选C。 3．（2026·上海青浦·一模）Our school is considering ________ a fun fair to welcome the new year. A．holding B．to hold C．held D．hold 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们学校正在考虑举办一场游园会来迎接新年。考查非谓语动词。consider doing sth.“考虑做某事”，应用动名词作宾语，故选A。 4．（2026·上海黄浦·一模）Pelé spent his early years ________ soccer barefoot with a ball made of socks. A．play B．to play C．playing D．to playing 【答案】C 【详解】句意：贝利早年光着脚踢足球，用的是袜子做的球。考查非谓语动词。spend time (in) doing sth.是固定用法，意为“花费时间做某事”，此处需用动名词playing。故选C。 5．（2026·上海宝山·一模）The naughty boy finally admitted ________ the vase while flying the model plane at home. A．break B．broken C．breaking D．to break 【答案】C 【详解】句意：那个淘气的男孩最终承认了在家玩模型飞机时打碎了花瓶。 考查非谓语动词。break动词原形；broken过去分词/形容词；breaking动名词/现在分词；to break动词不定式。admit doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“承认做了某事”，因此空格处应填动名词形式。故选C。 6．（2026·上海普陀·一模）The suspect finally admitted ________ to the police after days of questioning. A．lie B．lying C．to lie D．lied 【答案】B 【详解】句意：经过数天的审问，嫌疑人最终向警察承认撒谎。考查非谓语动词。admit后接动词时，需用动名词形式作宾语，即admit doing sth.，意为“承认做了某事”，应用动名词lying。故选B。 7．（2026·上海浦东新·一模）Can you imagine ________ a strange planet some day in the future? A．visit B．visiting C．visited D．to visit 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你能想象在未来某天拜访一个陌生的星球吗？考查非谓语动词。imagine doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“想象做某事”，因此动词需用动名词形式visiting。故选B。 8．（2026·上海闵行·一模）Grace denied ________ the tap running in the bathroom, but the floor was all wet. A．leave B．to leave C．leaving D．left 【答案】C 【详解】句意：格蕾丝否认让浴室的水龙头一直开着，但地板全湿了。考查动词用法。leave离开；让……处于某种状态；to leave是动词不定式；leaving是动名词；left是动词过去式/过去分词。根据“deny”的用法，deny后接动名词作宾语，即deny doing sth.，表示“否认做过某事”，因此填动名词leaving。故选C。 9．（2026·上海虹口·一模）Have you finished _______ your English composition on how to keep healthy? A．write B．writing C．to write D．to writing 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你写完关于如何保持健康的英语作文了吗？ 考查非谓语动词。动词finish后应接动名词作宾语，表示“完成做某事”，因此空格处需用writing。故选B。 10．（2026·上海静安·一模）I turned off the laptop after I finished ________ the notes. A．write B．to write C．writing D．writes 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我写完笔记后关掉了笔记本电脑。考查非谓语动词。write写，动词原形；to write写，动词不定式；writing写，动名词；writes写，一般现在时的第三人称单数。动词“finished”后需接动名词作宾语，构成“finish doing sth.”，意为“完成做某事”。故选C。 考点三 分词 1．（2025·黑龙江绥化·模拟预测）—Look! There are some students ________ basketball on the playground. —Yes. I often see them ________ basketball there. A．play, play B．playing, play C．to play, playing 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——看！操场上有一些学生在打篮球。——是的。我经常看到他们在那里打篮球。 考查非谓语动词。there be sb. doing sth.“有某人正在做某事”，第一个空应填现在分词。根据“often see”可知，此处用see sb. do sth.表示“看见某人做某事”，强调整个过程，故选B。 2．（2025·江苏扬州·三模）The couple were seen ________ a walk outside at this time yesterday . Nobody knows when they came back. A．take B．taken C．took D．taking 【答案】D 【详解】句意：昨天这个时候，有人看见这对夫妇正在外面散步。没人知道他们何时回来的。 考查非谓语动词。根据“...a walk outside at this time yesterday”可知，此处强调他们被看见时正在散步，see sb. doing sth.表示“看到某人正在做某事”，固定词组，因此需用动词的现在分词。故选D。 3．（2025·江苏淮安·一模）The river ______ through Huai’an is called the Grand Canal (大运河). A．flows B．flowed C．flowing D．to flow 【答案】C 【详解】句意：流经淮安的河流被称为大运河。 考查非谓语动词。flows流，第三人称单数形式；flowed流，过去式或过去分词形式；flowing流，现在分词形式；to flow流，动词不定式形式。分析句子结构和选项可知，应填现在分词形式flowing，作定语，修饰前面的名词river，表示流经淮安的河流，相当于定语从句which flows...。故选C。 4．（2025·甘肃平凉·一模）________ their hats into the air, the fans of the winning team shouted happily. A．To throw B．Throwing C．Thrown D．Being thrown 【答案】B 【详解】句意：获胜球队的粉丝们高兴地欢呼着，将帽子抛向空中。 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词shouted，且空处没有连词，所以空处需用非谓语动词作状语，动词throw与主语the fans之间是主动关系，所以空处需用现在分词作状语。故选B。 5．（2025·黑龙江哈尔滨·三模）—How will you deal with our old fridge, dear? —Well, I am considering having it ________ and then we don’t need to buy a new one. A．repair B．repaired C．to repair 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——亲爱的，你打算怎么处理我们的旧冰箱？——嗯，我在考虑把它修好，这样我们就不需要买新的了。考查非谓语动词。根据“having it...”可知，此处考查固定用法have sth done表示“让某事被做”，此处应填过去分词repaired，表示“让冰箱被修理”。故选B。 6．（2025·黑龙江佳木斯·三模）It took me only two hours to get my bike ________. A．repaired B．repairing C．to repair 【答案】A 【详解】句意：修好我的自行车只花了我两个小时。考查非谓语动词。句中有谓语动词，且my bike和repair之间是被动关系，故此处用过去分词作宾语补足语。故选A。 7．（2025·江苏徐州·模拟预测）The book ________ by Han Han is very popular among teenagers. A．write B．wrote C．writing D．written 【答案】D 【详解】句意：韩寒写的这本书在青少年中非常受欢迎。 考查动词非谓语。write写，动词原形；wrote过去式；writing现在分词；written过去分词。句子结构为“The book...by Han Han is…”，此处需填入一个非谓语动词形式，the book与write之间的关系是被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语修饰the book，write的过去分词written。故选D。 8．（2025·黑龙江哈尔滨·二模）—Have you read the novels ________ by Mark Twain? —Yes. And many of them are well worth ________. A．writing, reading B．wrote, being read C．written, reading 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你有读过马克·吐温写的小说吗？——有的。其中很多都值得一读。 考查过去分词作定语和动名词作宾语。根据“Have you read”可知，句中已有谓语动词，根据“by Mark Twain”可知，此处应用过去分词written作定语修饰名词the novels；be well worth doing“值得做某事”，此处应用动名词作宾语。故选C。 (一)分词的构成与特征 分词分为现在分词和过去分词两种：现在分词由动词原形加­ing构成；过去分词的基本形式是“动词原形＋­ed”，也有不规则变化。现在分词在时态上强调动作正在进行，语态上侧重于主动。过去分词在时态上强调动作已经完成，语态上侧重被动。 (二)分词的用法 1. 作定语。分词作定语时，它所修饰的名词就是该分词的逻辑主语。如果分词是一个单词，分词位于所修饰的名词之前；如果是分词短语，常后置。现在分词与逻辑主语之间是主动关系，而过去分词则表示被动关系。不管是现在分词还是过去分词作定语，都可以转换成一个定语从句。如： The dancing girl(＝The girl who is dancing) is my classmate. 那个跳舞的女孩是我的同班同学。 2. 作状语。分词作状语时，相当于一个状语从句。现在分词作状语，其表示的动作一般与句子谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生。而过去分词则表示动作一般在谓语动词之前或与谓语动词同时发生。如： Hearing the good news(＝When they heard the good news), the students were wild with joy. 听到这个好消息同学们欣喜若狂。(时间状语，hearing与the students是逻辑上的主动关系) Every evening they sat on the sofa watching TV(＝and watched TV). 每天晚上他们都坐在沙发上看电视。(伴随状语，watching与they是逻辑上的主动关系) 3. 作宾语补足语。分词在复合宾语中可作宾语补足语，对句子的宾语起补充说明的作用。如： I hear the couple quarreling in their home. 我听见这对夫妻在家里吵架。 He spoke slowly in order to make himself understood by the students. 他讲得很慢，以便学生能听懂。 -ing和-ed是否用对？（exciting news ✅ / excited news ❌） 分词作状语时，逻辑主语是否与句子主语一致？（Walking in the street, I met a friend. ✅） 分词作定语时，位置是否正确？（the boy playing football ✅ / the playing football boy ❌） 感官动词后的宾补形式是否正确？（I saw him crossing the street. 表示正在过） have/get sth. done结构是否理解？（I had my hair cut. ✅ 表示让别人剪） 固定搭配中的分词是否记牢？（keep doing, keep done, have trouble doing） 分词用法要分清，主动被动是关键 -ing表示主动进行，-ed表示被动完成 修饰人用-ed，修饰物用-ing 分词作状看主语，逻辑一致不能忘 感官动词后宾补，do/done/doing各不同 have/get sth. done，让别人做记心中 1．（2026·四川达州·模拟预测）—The bike well-________  yesterday broke down again this afternoon. —________ unlucky you are! A．repairing; How B．repaired; What C．repaired; How 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——昨天修好的自行车今天下午又坏了。——你真倒霉啊！ 考查非谓语动词和感叹句。第一个空，分析句子结构可知，主语“The bike”与动词“repair”之间是被动关系，因此应用过去分词“repaired”作后置定语，修饰“The bike”；第二个空，根据“...unlucky you are!”可知，这是一个感叹句，中心词是形容词“unlucky”，因此应用“How”来引导感叹句，结构为“How+形容词+主语+谓语!”。故选C。 2．（2026·四川南充·模拟预测） With her bike ________, she had to walk home. A．steal B．stolen C．stealing D．to steal 【答案】B 【详解】句意：因为自行车被偷了，她只好步行回家。 考查非谓语动词。根据“With her bike…, she had to walk home.”可知，此处是with的复合结构，为“with + 宾语 + 宾补”结构，bike与steal之间为被动关系，故用过去分词stolen。故选B。 3．（2025·安徽·模拟预测）Huawei’s Hongmeng OS has become the world’s third-largest mobile operating system, ______ over 300 million devices. A．power B．powers C．powered D．powering 【答案】D 【详解】句意：华为的鸿蒙操作系统已成为全球第三大移动操作系统，覆盖超过3亿台设备。    考查非谓语动词的用法。power为动词，意为“为……提供动力”。空处在逗号后，空前的句子已有谓语动词（has become），鸿蒙操作系统是“覆盖”设备的主体，因此空处需要用现在分词形式表示主动关系。故选D。 4．（2025·安徽·模拟预测）The government’s subsidy policy ________ consumers to buy electric vehicles has boosted sales by 60%. A．encourages B．encouraging C．to encourage D．encouraged 【答案】B 【详解】句意：政府的补贴政策鼓励消费者购买电动汽车，使销量增长了60%。 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填入一个非谓语动词来修饰policy，表示政策的目的或功能。主语The government’s subsidy policy与动词encourage是主动关系，用动词的现在分词形式，即encouraging作后置定语。故选B。 5．（2025·甘肃·模拟预测）—Do you know the women ________ clothes by the river? —I have no idea. A．washing B．washed C．to wash D．washes 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你认识在河边洗衣服的妇女吗？——我不认识。 考查现在分词作定语。washing洗，现在分词；washed过去分词，洗完了的；to wash洗，to do不定式；washes洗，动词三单。空前的“women”与“wash”之间为主动关系，应用现在分词，作后置定语，修饰“women”，表示“在洗衣服的妇女”。故选A。 6．（2025·江苏宿迁·一模）I saw my computer teacher ________ a broken computer in his office at 7 p.m. yesterday. A．repair B．to repair C．repairing D．to repair 【答案】C 【详解】句意：昨天晚上7点，我看到我的计算机老师在他的办公室里修理一台坏电脑。 考查非谓语动词。see sb. do sth. 表示“看见某人做了某事”，强调看见事情发生的全过程；see sb. doing sth. 表示 “看见某人正在做某事”，强调动作正在进行。句中时间点“at 7 p.m. yesterday”表明在这个特定时间点，老师 “修理电脑” 的动作正在进行，所以用see sb. doing sth. 的结构，故选C。 7．（2025·安徽安庆·二模）When he got home, he saw his dog ________ on the floor and a bottle of wine was ________ on the table. A．lied, lain B．lying, laid C．lay, lying D．lie, lay 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当他回到家时，他看到他的狗躺在地板上，桌子上放着一瓶酒。 考查非谓语动词及被动语态。根据“When he got home, he saw his dog…on the floor”可知，此处指他到家时看到狗正躺在地板上，see sb. doing sth.意为“看到某人正在做某事”，第一个应用现在分词形式lying，作宾语补足语；根据“a bottle of wine was…on the table”可知，此处指一瓶酒被放在桌子上，应用被动语态，其谓语动词构成是be+过去分词，因此第二个空填lain。故选B。 1．（2026·上海长宁·一模）The school’s new library system enables readers ________ books conveniently online. A．borrow B．to borrow C．borrowed D．borrowing 【答案】B 【详解】句意：学校的新图书馆系统使读者能够方便地在网上借书。 考查非谓语动词。enable sb. to do sth.意为“使某人能够做某事”，因此这里应用动词不定式to borrow。故选B。 2．（2026·上海宝山·一模）We managed ________ a table at the popular restaurant by calling early. A．book B．booked C．to book D．booking 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们通过提前打电话，成功在那家热门餐厅预订了一张桌子。考查manage的用法。book“预订”，是动词，根据“manage”可知，此处应接动词不定式，表示“设法做成某事”。故选C。 3．（2026·上海奉贤·一模）Students are encouraged ________ more time outdoors to improve their physical and mental health. A．spend B．to spend C．spending D．spent 【答案】B 【详解】句意：学生们被鼓励花更多时间在户外以改善他们的身心健康。 考查非谓语动词。根据“Students are encouraged...more time outdoors to improve their physical and mental health.”可知，句中encourage sb. to do sth.“鼓励某人做某事”，其被动形式为“sb. be encouraged to do sth.”，所以此处应该用动词不定式“to spend”作主语补足语。故选B。 4．（2025·甘肃定西·模拟预测）I think it is necessary for college students _________ part in some social activities. A．take B．taking C．to take D．took 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我认为大学生有必要参加一些社交活动。 考查非谓语动词。take动词原形；taking动名词形式；to take动词不定式形式；took过去式。“It is+形容词 +for sb.+to do sth.”是一个常见的固定句型 ，表达“做某事对于某人来说是……的”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式“to do sth.”。在本题中，应用动词不定式“to take...”作真正的主语。故选C。 5．（2025·云南昆明·模拟预测）Students are expected ________ Yunnan’s old history and special culture. A．learn B．to learn C．learning D．learned 【答案】B 【详解】句意：学生们被期盼学习云南的古老历史和特殊文化。 考查非谓语动词。learn动词原形；to learn动词不定式；learning现在分词；learned过去式，be expected to do sth“被期盼做某事”，是固定用法。故选B。 6．（2025·海南海口·模拟预测）I’ve never expected ________ the chance to go to Jay Zhou’s concert in Sanya. A．get B．getting C．to get 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我从未期待得到去周杰伦三亚演唱会的机会。 考查非谓语动词。get为动词原形；getting为动词的ing形式；to get为不定式。“expect to do sth.”为固定结构，意为“期待做某事”，空处要填不定式。故选C。 7．（2025·甘肃张掖·二模）She prefers ________ rather than ________ TV. A．swimming; watching B．to swimming; watching C．to swim; watch D．to swim; watching 【答案】C 【详解】句意：她宁愿游泳也不愿看电视。考查非谓语动词。prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.“宁愿做某事而不愿做某事”，动词短语。故选C。 8．（2025·云南红河·模拟预测）—For our safety, we had better avoid ________ in the river alone. —Yes. We also need to keep away from other dangerous places. A．swim B．swam C．to swim D．swimming 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——为了我们的安全，我们最好避免独自在河里游泳。——是的。我们还需要远离其他危险的地方。考查非谓语动词。avoid doing sth.“避免做某事”，固定搭配。故选D。 9．（2025·上海虹口·三模）—What’s your plan for the summer holiday? —I’m considering ______ to Hainan Island for swimming lessons. A．go B．going C．to go D．went 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你暑假有什么计划？——我正在考虑去海南岛上游泳课。 考查非谓语动词。consider doing sth.“考虑做某事”，动名词作宾语。故选B。 10．（2025·吉林·模拟预测）Don’t be so narrow-minded. Helping others means ________ yourself. If you are kind to someone, he will someday repay you. A．to help B．helping C．helped 【答案】B 【详解】句意：别这么狭隘。帮助别人意味着帮助自己。如果你对某人好，他总有一天会报答你的。 考查非谓语动词。mean doing sth.“意味着做某事”，是固定搭配。故选B。 11．（2025·上海金山·三模）The teacher asked the students to avoid ________ too many mistakes in the exam. A．made B．to make C．have made D．making 【答案】D 【详解】句意：老师要求学生在考试中避免犯太多错误。考查动名词作宾语。avoid doing sth.是固定短语，表示“避免做某事”，此处表示避免犯太多错误。故选D。 12．（2025·云南昭通·模拟预测）To prevent myopia (近视), you should avoid ________ too much time looking at screens. A．spend B．spends C．spent D．spending 【答案】D 【详解】句意：为了预防近视，你应该避免花太多时间盯着屏幕看。考查非谓语动词。avoid doing sth.“避免做某事”，动名词作宾语。故选D。 13．（2025·云南楚雄·二模）We’d better avoid ________ about things like age, weight or money while talking with foreigners. A．talk B．to talk C．talking D．talks 【答案】C 【详解】句意：与外国人交谈时，我们最好避免谈论年龄、体重或金钱等问题。考查动名词作宾语。avoid doing sth“避免做某事”，故选C。 14．（2025·黑龙江绥化·模拟预测）Some housework ________ by your parents should be done on your own. A．is given B．given C．gives 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你父母分配的一些家务应该由你自己完成。考查过去分词作后置定语。分析句子结构可知，空格处需填入一个词修饰“housework”，且与“by your parents”构成被动关系，A项“is given”是谓语动词形式，但句中已有谓语“should be done”，故排除；C项“gives”是主动语态，与语境矛盾，故排除。B项“given”是过去分词，可作后置定语，表被动，正确。故选B。 15．（2025·黑龙江绥化·模拟预测）I made myself ________ on that day. A．understand B．understood C．understanding 【答案】B 【详解】句意：那天我让别人明白了我的意思。 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处为宾语补足语成分，与宾语“myself”为逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词形式，表示让别人明白了我的意思。故选B。 16．（2025·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·三模）Many university students enjoy reading A Brief History of Time (《时间简史》) ________ by Stephen Hawking. A．was written B．to write C．written 【答案】C 【详解】句意：许多大学生喜欢阅读斯蒂芬・霍金所写的《时间简史》。 考查非谓语动词。was written被写，一般过去时的被动语态，作谓语；to write去写，动词不定式，表示目的等；written写，write的过去分词，可作后置定语表被动、完成。根据“Many university students enjoy reading A Brief History of Time…by Stephen Hawking.”可知，此句已有谓语动词enjoy，句中不缺谓语，A 排除；这里“written by Stephen Hawking”作后置定语修饰“A Brief History of Time”，表示“被斯蒂芬・霍金写的《时间简史》”，表被动关系。故选C。 17．（2025·黑龙江·一模）—Did you make anyone ________ those clothes? —Yes, I got those clothes ________. A．wash; wash B．to wash; washed C．wash; washed 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你让别人洗那些衣服了吗？——是的，我把那些衣服洗了。 考查非谓语动词。根据“make anyone ... those clothes”可知，此处指“让别人洗衣服”，make sb do sth“使得某人做某事”，故第一空是wash；根据“got those clothes ...”可知，此处指“洗完这些衣服”，get sth done“使某事被完成”，故第二空washed。故选C。 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司2 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $