专题9 非谓语动词-【中考宝典】2026年英语总复习（深圳专用版）

新课标中考宝典·英语（深圳专用版） 专题九 非谓语动词 思维导图 作主语 作表语 现在分词 作定语 作宾语 动词不定式 作表语 分词 作宾语补足语 过去分词 作状语 非谓语动词 作主语 作表语 特殊动词的特殊用法 动名词 作宾语 作定语 课堂精讲 动词不定式 1.动词不定式的构成和用法 (1)构成：动词不定式的基本形式是“to+动词原形”，有时可以不带to。动词不定式（或不定式短 语)没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能作谓语。动词不定式仍可保留动词的特点，即可以有自己的宾 语和状语。动词不定式同它的宾语或状语构成不定式短语。如：to read the newspaper,to speak at the meeting等。 (2)用法：动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，因此在句子中可以作主语、表语、宾语、宾语 补足语、定语和状语。 句法作用 例句 ①作主语 To learn English well is not easy.=It's not easy to learn English well.学好英语并不容易。 ②作表语 The best way is to study hard.最好的办法是努力学习。 I want to be a scientist in the future.我希望将来成为一名科学家a ③作宾语 Can you tell me where to go?你能告诉我去哪里吗？ ④作宾语补 Lucy asked him to go shopping.Lucy让他一起去购物。 足语 They often tell me jokes to make me laugh.他们经常给我讲笑话让我笑。 ⑤作定语 He has a lot of things to do every day..他每天有很多事情要做e ⑥作状语 She runs every day to stay healthy.她每天跑步是为了保持健康。 “疑问词+todo”结构动词不定式可以和疑问词what,which,how,where,.when等连用，构成不 ⑦构成不定 定式短语，在句中充当主语、宾语、表语等。 式短语充当 作表语：The question is how to do it..问题是怎么做。 主语、宾语、 作宾语：He told me how to make a plan..他告诉我怎样做计划。 表语等 作主语：When to start is unknown.什么开始还不知道。 164 第二部分基础语法考点精析 2.常见的后面接动词不定式作宾语的动词 would like to do try to do afford to do pretend to do want to do remember/forget to do wish to do agree to do begin/start to do hope to do refuse to do promise to do decide to do plan to do learn to do prefer to do 3.常见的后面接动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词 tell sb.to do would like sb.to do allow sb.to do order sb.to do wish sb.to do beg sb.to do encourage sb.to do expect sb.to do ask sb.to do invite sb.to do advise sb.to do force sb.to do want sb.to do warn sb.to do teach sb.to do persuade sb.to do 4.常见的后面接不带“to”的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词 一感：feel 二听：hear,listen to 感官使役动词记忆口诀： 三让：make,let,have 一感，二听，三让，四看，半帮 四看：see,notice,watch,observe 半帮：help 注意：变成被动语态时，动词原形前要加0 I saw Tom get into the teachers'office. 记忆口诀：感使动词真奇怪，o在句中像妖 =Tom was seen to get into the teachers'office by me. 怪，主动句里它走开，被动句里它回来 我看见Tom进了老师办公室。 二、动名词 1.动名词的用法 句法功能 例句 (1)作主语 Skating is fun.滑雪很有趣。It's no use doing this.做这件事是没有用的。 (2)作表语 My favourite hobby is dancing.我最喜欢的爱好是跳舞。 (3)作宾语 She practises playing guitar every day.她每天都练习弹吉他。 (4)作补语 We saw a boy swimming in the sea.我们看见一个男孩在海里游泳。 (5)作定语 A swimming pool is behind the school.学校后面有一个游泳池。 (6)介词+doing: be interested in doing sth.对做某事感兴趣；spend time(in)doing sth.花费时间（金钱）做某 介词in,at,for, 事；stop/prevent/keep sb..from doing sth.阻止某人做某事；be/get used to doing sth..习惯于 of,from,about,.做某事；have problems//trouble/difficulty in doing sth..做某事有图难；succeed in doing sth.成 0后面要接动 功做某事；do well in doing sth.擅长做某事；be good at doing sth.擅长做某事；thank sb.for 名词 doing sth.感谢某人做了某事 165 新课标中考宝典·英语（深圳专用版） 2.常见接动名词作宾语的动词（词组）： enjoy hate consider imagine can't help continue keep be busy have fun mind finish be worth give up practise admit feel like 三、常见todo和doing的用法区别和句型 1.感官动词+todo和doing的区别 (1)see,watch,hear,notice这几个感官动词后面既可接不带to的动词不定式，又可接v.-ing形式 作宾语补足语。 (2)经常性或强调全过程的动作，用不带to的动词不定式。如： We often hear her sing English songs in the next room.我们经常听到她在隔壁房间唱英文歌。 I saw him cross the road just now.刚才我看见他过了马路。 (3)正在进行的动作用v.-ing形式。如： I heard her singing loudly when I walked past her room.我路过她房间时，听见她正在大声唱歌。 2.易混淆的todo和doing词组辨析 stop to do sth.停下来去做某事 stop doing sth.停下正在做的事 remember to do sth.记住去做某事 remember doing sth.记得做过某事 forget to do sth.忘了要做某事 forget doing sth.忘了做过某事 go on to do sth.接着去做另一件事 go on doing sth.接着做同一件事 try to do sth. 努力去做某事 try doing sth.试着去做某事 mean to do sth.打算做某事 mean doing意味着 regret to do sth.对将要做的事表示遗憾 regret doing sth.后悔做了某事 have sb.do sth.让某人做某事 have sth.done让某事被做 3.常用句型和结构 (1)had better(not)do sth. 最好（不）做某事 (2)would rather do sth.than do sth 宁愿做…而不愿做… (3)prefer to do sth.rather than do sth. 宁愿做…而不愿做… (4)Would/Will/Could you please(not)do sth. 请你（不）…好吗？ (5)Why not...?=Why don't you...? 为什么不…？ (6)There is no time to do... 没有时间做… (7)It's time(+for sb.)+to do... 是（某人）做…的时候了。 (8)too adj./adv.(for sb.to do sth. （对某人来说)太…而不能做… (9)Would you mind(sb.doing sth. 你介意（某人）做…吗？ 166 第二部分基础语法考点精析 (10)What/How about doing sth. …怎么样？ (11)+think/make/find/feel it +adj./n.to do sth. (12)It's +clever/kind/good/right/wrong/foolish/nice...+of sb.to do sth. (13)It's +easy/difficult/important/interesting/hard...+for sb.+to do sth. (14)have fun/problems/trouble/difficulty(in)doing sth. 四、分词 1.现在分词 (1)作定语 The barking dog scared the child.这只吠叫的狗吓到了那个孩子。 (2)作表语 His story sounds very interesting..他的故事听起来很有趣。 (3)作宾语补足语 The teacher kept us reading books for an hour.老师让我们读了一个小时的书。 (4)作状语 Walking in the street,I met an old friend.在街上走时，我遇到了一位老朋友。 2.过去分词 (1)作定语 The boy called Tom is from England..那个叫汤姆的男孩来自英格兰。 (2)作表语 He was interested in sports.他对运动感兴趣。 (3)作宾语补足语 I will have to get my bike repaired tomorrow.我明天必须修一下我的自行车。 Seen from the top of the mountain,the city looks beautiful. (4)作状语 从山顶看，这座城市很美。 备考精练 一、用所给动词的适当形式填空。 1.She would like (join)the music club. 2.I can't help laugh)because the story is so funny. 3.Our classroom needs clean)every day. 4.The best way (learn)English is practise)speaking every day. 5.My favourite hobby is (go)hiking in the nature park. 6.The box is too heavy for the little boy carry). 7. smoke)is bad for our health. 8.It's important for us protect)the Earth for our future. 9.It took me two hours (finish)the work. 10.They spent lots of time (learn)maths. 11.She is old enough decide)for herself. 12.He often tells jokes (make)us laugh. 13.The (swim)pool is closed today. 167 Q口新课标中考宝典·英语（深圳专用版） 14.I'll get my (break)bike (repair)tomorrow. 15.The teacher asked us not talk)in class. 二、阅读理解。(2025·吉林) As we all know,fresh flowers can make a room look and smell good.They also have some magic power. Marin lay in hospital for weeks after falling from a building in 2011.He faced a lot of surgeries() and began losing hope.Martin's friends and family members came to visit him.They brought him fresh flowers each day.Then something wonderful happened.Martin's condition started to improve,and he looked towards the future with more hope. Martin soon realized that other patients around him weren't receiving the same kind of emotional( )support.This inspired him to go from room to room,giving away his flowers to them.The results were amazing.He watched people's misery turn into happiness. After leaving the hospital,Martin couldn't forget the power of his flowers.Six months later,to help more people,he started a project called the Simple Sunflower Project.He collected used flowers from some events like weddings()and then the flowers were given to people in hospitals and the old people's homes.In the first year,the project served no more than 100 people.But in the following 10 years,it gave away flowers to nearly 30,000 people. Many studies have found that fresh flowers as well as plants are good for people's health.Te test the result,the University of Tennessee Medical Center did a study to the Simple Sunflower Project.Almost 95% of the patients who had received flowers had an improvement in their emotional condition.When staying in hospital,people felt not as comfortable as at home,but the Simple Sunflower Project helped them in some ways.Flowers could make them less stressed and less painful.Patients with flowers had shorter hospital stays as well.Flowers make a great difference. ()1.Which is the right order of the following facts? DMartin fell from a building. 2Martin started the Simple Sunflower Project. 3Martin went from room to room giving away his flowers. 4Martin received flowers each day from his friends and family members. A.①④③② B.①④②③ C.④②①③ D.④③①② ()2.What does the underlined word "misery"in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A.Surprise. B.Doubt C.Shame. D.Sadness. ()3.Why did Martin start the Simple Sunflower Project? A.To catch people's eye. B.To help more people. C.To collect used flowers. D.To show his favourite flowers 168 第二部分基础语法考点精析 ( )4.Which advantage of flowers is NOT mentioned in Paragraph 5? A.Flowers make patients less painful. B.Flowers make patients less stressed. C.Patients with flowers can stay awake. D.Patients with flowers have shorter hospital stays. ()5.What could be the best title of the passage? A.Flowers'Power B.A Successful Study C.Flowers and Plants D.Martin's Experience in Hospital 三、语法填空。(2025·河北改编) There is a special jug()on our kitchen table.I put some small pieces of paper and a pen next to the jug.Anyone in my family is free to write down something good that has happened 1. recent). With pieces of paper in it,the jug 2. (call)“Good Things Jug'”. Many good things happen in a year.At the end of the year,we get together to empty the jug.We take 3. (turn)to read the "Good Things"aloud.Some of the things are 4. (interest), some are serious,and some just give hope. Over the past twelve months,there have been many difficult things in our family.Noticing the "Good Things"has helped us go through the hard time.Here 5.(be)a few things from the "Good Things Jug”: "Jim and I went camping with our parents.There we 6. teach)my pet cat how to clap() with his feet.” "With my parents'care,I was well again after a serious illness.I'm so 7. thank)to my parents for their love.It's the best thing on earth!" “Dad got a better job today！" Our "Good Things Jug"is full 8.love,hope and happiness.The little messages remind 9. we)that we can always expect good things to come,even during difficult times.Therefore,I encourage you 10. create)your "Good Things Jug"today.I am sure it will make a big difference in your future life. 169三、 1.has created 2.the 3.that/which 4.more popular 5.so 6.in 7.to try 8.be called 9.amazing 10.What/All 专题六介词 一、 1.in with 2.of to 3.On for in 4.at on 5.in at on 6.to inin since 7.at off 8.between among 9.across through 10.up with 11.in at 12.on by 13.except for 14.off on 15.on about on 二、 1.F2.B3.A4.E5.D 三、 1.an 2.Chinese 3.fans 4.suddenly 5.was shocked 6.to explore 7.so 8.first 9.herself 10.in 专题七动词和动词短语 一、 1.apologize 2.mix compare 3.became died 4.speak explain 5.care act 6.perform impress 7.discover unlock 8.misunderstand 9.sleep wake 10.weigh 11.please 12.believe surprise 13.cross arrive 14.serve complain 15.succeed 二、 1.C2.C3.B4.C5.D 三、 1.and 2.what 3.was allowed 4.with 5.different 6.more difficult 7.to work 8.her 9.has invented 10.a 专题八动词时态和语态 一、 1.worries has 2.are singing 3.will come 4.will leave 5.rains will stay 6.stopped bought 7.were having 8.has gone 9.has written 10.are presented 11.were cleaned 12.will be built 13.is being made 14.hasn't been finished 15.be followed 二、 1.F2.E3.D4.C5.A 三、 1.at 2.his 3.watched 4.harmful 5.safety 6.because 7.researching 8.was invented 9.quickly 10.to share 参考答案 专题九非谓语动词 一、 1.to join 2.laughing 3.cleaning 4.to learn to practise 5.going 6.to carry 7.Smoking 8.to protect 9.to finish 10.learning 11.to decide 12.to make 13.swimming 14.broken repaired 15.not to talk 二、 1.A2.D3.B4.C5.A 三、 1.recently 2.is called 3.turns 4.interesting 5.are 6.taught 7.thankful 8.of 9.us 10.to create 专题十句子种类：简单句、 并列句与主从复合句 1.not to make 2.Why 3.smoking 4.How 5.and 6.or 7.but 8.nor 9.or 10.because 11.that 12.though/although 13.where 14.unless 15.if whether 二、 1.B2.C3.F4.E5.A 三、 1.an 2.its 3.was sent 4.better 5.healthily 6.spending 7.so 8.to join 9.volunteers 10.up 专题十一主谓一致 1.is 2.has 3.is 4.are having 5.feels 6.is 7.are playing 8.was eaten 9.are 10.is 11.is 12.are 13.is/was 14.is 15.made 一、 1.A2.D3.B4.C5.D 三、 1.carefully 2.a 3.parts 4.came 5.in 6.protecting 7.and 8.reported 9.their 10.pride 第三部分中考题型专项突破 题型一完形填空 备考精练 完形填空（一） 1.B2.D3.A4.A5.C6.A7.B8.C9.C 10.D