2026年中考英语二轮专题复习 专题十：动词时态（二）完成时与进行时（完成体·进行体）

2026 届中考英语二轮专题复习 专题十:动词时态(二)完成时与进行时(完成体 进行体) 【考情考向 近三年命题趋势】 完成时和进行时是中考时态考查的难点和拉分点。2023-2025年全国各地市真题卷显示,命题主要集中在:① 现在完成时的基本用法(表示过去发生的动作对现在造成影响/结果,或持续到现在的动作);② 延续性动词与短暂性动词的转换;③ 过去完成时的用法(表示“过去的过去”);④ 现在完成进行时的用法(强调动作的持续和仍在进行);⑤ 时态辨析(现在完成时与一般过去时的区别,现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别)。本专题按考点分层设计,帮助考生精准掌握完成体和进行体的核心用法。 【核心知识 考点分层精讲】 考点一:现在完成时 ① 构成: have/has + 过去分词。 ② 用法: 表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果 (I have lost my key. I can't open the door.);表示从过去开始持续到现在的动作或状态 (He has lived here for ten years.)。 ③ 时间标志词: already, yet, ever, never, just, before, recently, lately, so far, up to now, in the past few years, for + 时间段, since + 时间点/从句。 ④ 延续性动词与短暂性动词: 短暂性动词 (buy, join, die, leave) 不能与 for/since 连用,需转换为延续性动词 (have had, have been in, have been dead, have been away)。 ⑤ have been to / have gone to / have been in: have been to 去过已回;have gone to 去了未回;have been in 在某地待了多久。 考点二:过去完成时 ① 构成: had + 过去分词。 ② 用法: 表示在过去某个动作或时间之前已经发生的动作(“过去的过去”)。常用于宾语从句或与 by the time, when, before 等连用 (By the time I got there, the train had left.)。 ③ 时间标志词: by the end of last year, by the time, before + 过去时间, when 引导的从句(主句用过去完成时)。 考点三:现在完成进行时 ① 构成: have/has been + 现在分词。 ② 用法: 表示从过去开始一直持续到现在,并且可能仍在进行的动作,强调动作的持续性和不间断性 (I have been waiting for you for two hours.)。 ③ 与现在完成时的区别: 现在完成时强调结果,现在完成进行时强调过程/持续。有些动词(如 live, work, teach)两者区别不大。 考点四:过去将来时/将来完成时(了解) ① 过去将来时: would + 动词原形,表示从过去某个时间看将要发生的动作 (He said he would come.)。 ② 将来完成时: will have + 过去分词,表示到将来某个时间为止已经完成的动作 (By next month, I will have finished the book.)。中考要求较低,了解即可。 【分层训练 按考点突破】 考点一 现在完成时(共20题) 1. (影响性) I _ my key. I can't find it anywhere. A. lose B. lost C. have lost D. was losing 2. (持续性) They _ in this city since 2010. A. live B. lived C. have lived D. are living 3. (already) I _ my homework already. A. finish B. finished C. have finished D. will finish 4. (yet) Have you _ been to the Great Wall? A. ever B. never C. yet D. just 5. (never) I _ such a beautiful view before. A. never see B. have never seen C. never saw D. will never see 6. (for/since) He has taught English _ 15 years. A. for B. since C. in D. after 7. (短暂性动词) My grandfather _ for two years. A. has died B. died C. has been dead D. was dead 8. (短暂性动词) He _ the army since 2020. A. has joined B . joined C. has been in D. was in 9. (have been to) —Where is Tom? —He _ to the library. A. has been B. has gone C. Went D. goes 10. (have been in) They _ Beijing for three years. A. have been in B. have gone to C. have been to D. came to 11. (recently) I haven't seen him _. A. recent B. Recently C. Late D. later 12. (so far) So far, we _ 2000 English words. A. learn B. learned C. have learned D. are learning 13. (in the past...) In the past five years, great changes _ in my hometown. A. take place B. took place C. have taken place D. are taking place 14. (just) She has _ finished her work. A. just B. just now C. yet D. ever 15. (否定句) I _ my pen. Can I use yours? A. didn't find B. don't find C. haven't found D. won't find 16. (疑问句) _ you ever _ to the Great Wall? A. Did; go B. Have; been C. Have; gone D. Do; go 17. (for+时间段) We have known each other _ ten years. A. for B. since C. in D. after 18. (since+从句) He has been ill _ he came back. A. for B. Since C. In D. before 19. (现在完成时与一般过去时) I _ a new bike yesterday. A. have bought B. bought C. buy D. will buy 20. (辨析) —_ you _ your homework? —Yes, I did it an hour ago. A. Have; done B. Did; do C. Do; do D. Will; do 考点二 过去完成时(共10题) 21. (过去的过去) By the time I got to the station, the train _. A. left B. has left C. had left D. was leaving 22. (after) After he _ his work, he went home. A. finished B. has finished C. had finished D. finishes 23. (before) She said she _ the film before. A. saw B. has seen C. had seen D. would see 24. (by the end of) By the end of last year, they _ 1000 cars. A. produce B. produced C. have produced D. had produced 25. (when) When I arrived, they _ dinner. A. have B. Had C. had had D. were having 26. (hardly...when) He _ the room when the phone rang. A. entered hardly B. hardly entered C. had hardly entered D. was hardly entering 27. (宾语从句) He told me that he _ the book already. A. read B. has read C. had read D. would read 28. (过去完成时与一般过去时) I _ 500 words by the end of last month. A. learn B. learned C. have learned D. had learned 29. (否定) She _ the film before, so she wanted to see it. A. didn't see B. hasn't seen C. hadn't seen D. wouldn't see 30. (疑问) _ they _ the work by 5 pm yesterday? A. Have; finished B. Did; finish C. Had; finished D. Were; finishing 考点三 现在完成进行时(共8题) 31. (强调持续) I _ for you for two hours. A. wait B. am waiting C. have waited D. have been waiting 32. (可能仍在进行) He is tired because he _ all morning. A. worked B. has been working C. had worked D. was working 33. (与现在完成时区别) I _ this book for two weeks. I haven't finished it yet. A. have read B. have been reading C. read D. had read 34. (since) She _ English since she was five. A. has been learning B. has learned C. Learned D. learns 35. (for) They _ for the bus for half an hour. A. have waited B. have been waiting C. waited D. had waited 36. (结果) The ground is wet. It _. A. rained B. has rained C. has been raining D. was raining 37. (动作仍在持续) How long _ here? A. do you work B. have you worked C. have you been working D. did you work 38. (否定) He _ well recently. A. hasn't been sleeping B. hasn't slept C. didn't sleep D. wasn't sleeping 考点四 过去将来时 & 将来完成时(共4题) 39. (过去将来时) He said he _ the next day. A. will come B. would come C. came D. has come 40. (过去将来时) She told me she _ buy a new car. A. will B. would C. is going to D. was going to 41. (将来完成时) By next month, I _ my project. A. finish B. will finish C. will have finished D. have finished 42. (将来完成时) By the time you come back, I _ the work. A. will do B. will have done C. have done D. did 语法填空 语境综合(完成进行体混合) 43. I _ (finish) my homework already. Can I watch TV now? 44. They _ (live) here since 2015. 45. By the time I got to the cinema, the movie _ (start). 46. He _ (wait) for her for two hours, but she hasn't come yet. 47. She said she _ (see) the film before. 48. I _ (not see) him lately. 49. How long _ you _ (learn) English? 50. By next year, I _ (be) a teacher for ten years. 单句改错 易错警示(完成进行体) 51. He has joined the army for three years. 改正:_ 52. I have gone to Beijing twice. 改正:_ 53. She has been to the library, so she is not here. 改正:_ 54. By the time he arrived, we have already left. 改正:_ 55. I have been knowing him for ten years. 改正:_ 【参考答案】 考点一(1-20):1-5 C C C A B 6-10 A C C B A 11-15 B C C A C 16-20 B A B B A 考点二(21-30):21-25 C C C D C 26-30 C C D C C 考点三(31-38):31-35 D B B A B 36-38 C C A 考点四(39-42):39-42 B B C B 语法填空(43-50):43. have finished 44. have lived 45. had started 46. has been waiting 47. had seen 48. haven't seen 49. have; been learning 50. will have been 改错(51-55):51. has joined has been in 52. gone been 53. been gone 54. have had 55. knowing known 教学建议 考点分层突破策略 1. 按考点分层教学:将完成进行体分为四个考点。建议考点一(现在完成时)用2课时,重点讲解用法区别、时间标志词、延续性动词转换;考点二(过去完成时)用1课时,强调“过去的过去”;考点三(现在完成进行时)用1课时,与现在完成时对比;考点四(了解内容)简单介绍即可。 2. 对比教学:重点对比现在完成时与一般过去时的区别(是否有影响/是否强调时间),现在完成时与现在完成进行时的区别(结果vs过程),短暂性动词与延续性动词的转换(设计专项练习)。 3. 时间轴辅助:利用时间轴图示帮助学生理解“过去的过去”以及动作的持续状态,形象直观。 4. 标志词强化:要求学生背诵完成时的标志词(already, yet, ever, never, since, for, so far, by the time等),并能快速识别。 5. 错题本记录:要求学生将错题按考点记录,尤其注意短暂性动词的转换错误、have been to / have gone to 混淆等。 亲爱的同学,完成时和进行时是中考英语的“分水岭”。掌握了它们,你的英语水平将上一个新台阶!坚持练习,细心总结,你一定能攻克这个专题!中考在即,愿你以梦为马,不负韶华,金榜题名! 2/2 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $