2025-2026学年初高中衔接英语简单句的基本句型结构导学案

英语句型 英语句子的分类有两种方法，一是按照句子的作用分，二是按照句子的结构划分。 预习思考： 1） 按照句子的作用，句子可分为__________、 __________、__________、__________四种。 We like English. We are not afraid of making mistakes in English class. Do you like English too? How are you getting along with your English study? Are you good at or poor in English? You are working hard at it, aren’t you? Do work hard at English. Don’t lose heart at it. How interesting it is to learn English! What an interesting subject English is! 2） 按照句子的结构分，句子可分为简单句、___________、 ___________三种。 3） 简单句的概念：__________________________________________________________。 We should read English aloud in the morning. Tom and Mike are interested in English. He likes English and always works hard at it. 4） 按照句子结构分，简单句又分为___________、 ___________、 ___________、 ___________、 ___________五个基本句式结构。 英语简单句的五个句式结构 合作探究： 1. S (主）+ vi.（谓） 本结构是由主语加不及物的谓语动词构成, 常用来表示主语的动作。 The sun rises. The red sun rises. The red sun rises in the east. The girl smiles. The tall girl smiles. The tall girl smiles happily. 主语可有修饰语---________________; 谓语可有修饰语---________________. 1) S + vi. + adv. The sun shines brightly. The baby slept soundly. 2) S + vi.+ prep-phrase They travelled around the world. They went out without a word. 3) S + vi.+ infinitive I came here to learn English. He left early to avoid tarffic. 4) S + vi.+ participle He sat there, reading a newspaper. He came running. “我”的模仿秀： ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 我能行：（句子结构翻译练习） 1.他站在那儿，手里拿着一本书。 ________________________________________________________________ 2.情绪低落，他回家了。 ________________________________________________________________ 3.你应当努力学习。 ________________________________________________________________ 4.会议将持续两个小时。 ________________________________________________________________ 5.约翰的父亲昨晚去世了。 ________________________________________________________________ 6.鸟在欢快地唱歌。 ________________________________________________________________ 7.我的爷爷早晨起得很早。 ________________________________________________________________ 8.这支笔书写流利。 ________________________________________________________________ 9.他坐在那儿，听着老师讲话。 ________________________________________________________________ 10.在过去的十年里，我的家乡已经发生了巨大的变化。 ________________________________________________________________ 预习思考： 作宾语的动词形式有__________, __________. 初中学过的只接不定式作宾语的动词: ___________________________________________ 初中学过的只接动名词作宾语的动词: ___________________________________________ 初中学过的既可以接不定式又可以接动名词作宾语的动词: ____________________________________________________________________________ 合作探究： 2.S (主）+ vt. （及物动词）（谓）+ O（宾） 此结构是由主语+谓语+宾语构成。其中的谓语动词须是____________或_____________。 宾语须是__________或相当于__________的成分。 We like English. I know nothing. We shouldn’t laugh at the disabled. He is looking after his sick mother. 主语可有修饰语---________________； 谓语可有修饰语---________________； 宾语可有修饰语---________________。 The naughty boy broke the beautiful vase on purpose. The thundering clouds held poor Anne entirely in their power. “我”的模仿秀： ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 注意： 1）接___________作宾语的动词。 I want to help him. I decided to do it myself. 常见动词有：(三个希望两答应：_________，_________，_________，_________，_________两个要求莫拒绝：_________，_________，_________ 设法学会做决定：_________，_________，_________ 不要假装在选择：_________，_________) hope, wish, expect, agree, promise, ask, demand, refuse, manage, learn, decide, pretend, choose, fail, offer, plan, prepare, help, long, happen, seem “我”的模仿秀： ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 2) 接___________作宾语的动词。 Tom practised playing the piano every afternoon. Do you mind opening the window? 常用于这句型的动词有：Mrs.P Black missed a beef bag. _____________________________ mind, risk (冒险), succeed in, practise, be busy, look forward to, admit(承认),consider, keep on, miss, insist on (坚持), suggest, stop, enjoy, delay (耽误),allow, be used to, escape, excuse (原谅), finish, be worth, advise, give up, can’t help, imagine, put off, feel like, be worth. “我”的模仿秀： ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 3) 接________+ _________作宾语的动词。 I don’t know what to do. I wonder how to do it. 常用于这句型的动词有：ask, consider, decide, discover, explain, find out, forget, guess, know, learn, remember, see, settle, tell, think, understand, wonder等。 “我”的模仿秀： ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 4) 既可接_________ 又可接__________ 作宾语，含义__________的动词。 They continued arguing / to argue after class. Paul hates having / to have his pictures taken. 常用于这句型的动词有：love, like, hate, prefer, begin, start, continue. “我”的模仿秀： ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 5) 既可接_________ 又可接__________ 作宾语，含义__________的动词。 The failure means trying again. I didn’t mean to hurt you. 常用于这句型的动词有：__________, __________, __________, __________,_________, regret “我”的模仿秀： ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 我能行：（句子结构翻译练习） 1.昨晚我写了一封信。 ______________________________________________________ 2.今天下午我想同你谈谈。 __________________________________________________ 3.你们必须在两周内看完这些书。______________________________________________ 4.那位先生能流利地说三种语言。______________________________________________ 5.我收到了笔友的信。 __________________________________________________ 6.我们大家都相信Jack 是一个诚实男孩。_______________________________________ 7.他不知道说什麽好。 _______________________________________________________ 8.我开窗户你在意吗？ _______________________________________________________ 9.我不信任那个人。 _________________________________________________________ 10.下周我们将举行家长座谈会。_______________________________________________ 11.我记得告诉过你这件事了。_________________________________________________ 12.这位护士会好好照顾你父亲的。_____________________________________________ 13.我开始对英语感兴趣了。 _________________________________________________ 14.我同意帮助你。 _________________________________________________ 15.你考虑在会上说什么了吗？_________________________________________________ 预习思考： 1）初中学过的系动词：_______________________________________________________ 2）主系表结构的否定形式：① ________________________________________________ ② ________________________________________________ 3）主系表结构的一般疑问句形式：① __________________________________________ ② __________________________________________ 4) there be结构的构成形式：________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ 合作探究： 3. S (主) + link-v. (系动词) + P (表) 1) 本结构是由主语+__________+_________组成，主要用以说明主语的特征，类属，状态，身份等。 We are Chinese. We should keep calm in face of danger. The airconditioner is on. He is in good health. 除了be 系动词外，还有一些动词也可以用作系动词: 表感官的动词: ___________________________________________________ 表转变变化的动词: ___________________________________________________ 表状态延续的动词: ___________________________________________________ 其他动词: ___________________________________________________ 2) 主系表结构的否定形式和一般疑问句形式的构成 　否定形式： 　　She is a good girl. → _________________________________ 　　You look happy. → _________________________________ ① ________________________________________________ ② ________________________________________________ 　一般疑问句形式： 　　This girl is in Row One. → ______________________________ 　　We look excited. → ______________________________ ① ________________________________________________ ② ________________________________________________ 请按要求改写句子： 　　1. Lily is American. ________________________________（改为一般疑问句） 　　2. I am from Sichuan. ________________________________（改为否定句） 　　3. He looks puzzled. ________________________________（改为一般疑问句） 　　4. They feel very excited. ________________________________（改为否定句） 　　5. The news sounds very bad. ________________________________（改为一般疑问句） 　　6. The food tastes delicious. ________________________________（改为否定句） 我能行：（句子结构翻译练习） 1.我的兄弟都是大学生。_________________________________________________ 2.那些土豆坏在地里了。_________________________________________________ 3.布朗夫人看起来很健康。_______________________________________________ 4.十五岁他就成为有名的钢琴家了。_______________________________________ 5.孩子们，请保持安静。_________________________________________________ 6.他昨天病了。 _________________________________________________ 7.她的工作是在幼儿园里照看儿童。_______________________________________ 8.他失业了。___________________________________________________________ 9.树叶已经变黄了。 ___________________________________________________ 10.这个报告听起来很有意思。 __________________________________________ 11.我们的梦想终会成功。 ______________________________________________ 12.困难面前我们要保持冷静。 ___________________________________________ 13.我感觉有点累。 _________________________________________________ 14.小树苗越长越高了。 ________________________________________________ 15.这道菜尝起来很可口。 _______________________________________________ 3) there be句型 ①与各种情态动词连用： 这台机器肯定有什么毛病。________________________________________________ 今天晚上将要有一部影片。________________________________________________ 现在教室里也许有人。 ________________________________________________ There will / would be _______________ There must be _______________ There should / ought to be _______________ There may / might be _______________ There have to be _______________ ②there be的特殊形式： 碰巧屋里没有人。 ___________________________________________________ 过去这里有一座庙。 ___________________________________________________ 在村子里有一个五口之家。_______________________________________________ 可能有一场暴雨。 ___________________________________________________ There happens to be… ______________ There appears / seems to be… ____________ There is going to be… ______________ There used to be… ____________ There is likely to be… ______________ There has/have been… ____________ ③there be 结构主谓一致：采取________________原则。 There _______ an orange and some bananas in the basket. There _______ some bananas and an orange in the basket. There _______ a pen, two rulers in the box. There _______ two boys and a teacher at the school gate. ④There be 的肯定句变成否定句或疑问句的变化: There is some orange juice in the glass. 否定句：________________________________________________________ 疑问句：________________________________________________________ 1.There is some water in the bottle. _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ 2.There are many apples in the box. _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ 此句型有时不用be动词，而用 live, stand, come, go, lie, remain, exist等。 我能行：（句子结构翻译练习） 1.这个村子过去只有一口井。__________________________________________________ 2.客人当中有两名美国人和两名法国人。________________________________________ 3.天气预报说下午有大风。____________________________________________________ 4.灯亮着，办公室里肯定有人。________________________________________________ 5.战前这儿一直有家电影院的。________________________________________________ 6.恰好那时房里没人。________________________________________________________ 7.从前，在海边的一个村子里住着一位老渔夫。 _________________________________ 8.公共汽车来了。_____________________________________________________________ 9.就只剩下二十八美元了。 ___________________________________________________ 10.在这个山洞前面长着一棵高大的松树。 ______________________________________ “我”的模仿秀： ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 预习思考： 1）初中学过的接双宾语动词：__________________________________________________ 2）造句：（每人至少造4个主谓双宾的句子，组长检查） ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 合作探究： 4. 主谓双宾结构： 此结构由_______+__________动词+________宾语（sb.）+________宾语（sth.）组成。 He brings me cookies every day. 间接宾语__________ 直接宾语__________ She made me a beautiful dress. 间接宾语__________ 直接宾语__________ I give you help. 间接宾语__________ 直接宾语__________ I’ll lend you the book. 间接宾语__________ 直接宾语__________ 但如果先说出事物(sth.)，后说人(sb.)，则要借助于________或________ 1) He brings cookies to me every day. 2) She made a beautiful dress for me. 3) 将预习思考中的句子进行改写。 用to侧重指动作的________，表示________，________，________某人。 用for 侧重指动作的________，表示________某人。 常跟双宾语的动词有： 1) 七“给”一“带”to不少；give, show, lend, hand, offer, pass, send, bring, pay, promise, return, teach, tell, write, ask, read, sell, owe, leave等。 2) “买”“画”“制作”for来了。buy, draw, make, call, cook, choose, find, get, order, sing, save, spare,等。 He explained us the situation. ______________________________ Our teacher introduced us a new student. ______________________________ It was a magazine article that suggested us the idea. ______________________________ He advises us tax matters. ______________________________ 不能接双宾语语的动词：解释______________介绍______________建议______________ mention, deliver, announce He briefly explained the situation to them. Our teacher introduced a new student to us all. He advises us on tax matters. It was a magazine article that suggested the idea to us. “我”的模仿秀： ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 小组展示：（各组委派代表展示3-5个句子） ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 我能行：（句子结构翻译练习） 1.Johnson 先生去年教我们德语。____________________________________________ 2. 奶奶昨晚给我们讲了一个有趣的故事。_____________________________________ 3. Mary给丈夫煮了一餐美餐。_______________________________________________ 4. 请把那本字典递给我好吗？_______________________________________________ 5. 他把车票给列车员看。___________________________________________________ 6. 他给你带来一本字典。___________________________________________________ 7. 我父亲已经给我买了一辆新自行车。_______________________________________ 8. Robinson Crusoe 给自己做了一只小船。_____________________________________ 9. 我替你叫辆出租汽车好吗？_______________________________________________ 10. 新式机器将会为你节省许多劳动。________________________________________ 11. 妈妈为我挑选了一个漂亮的生日礼物。____________________________________ 12. 你能给我10分钟的时间吗？(spare)_______________________________________ 13. 公司答应今年给我们发奖金(bonus)________________________________________ 14. 你能借给我5英镑吗？__________________________________________________ 15. 我们会为你在车站预定一辆出租车。______________________________________ 预习思考： 1）能做宾语补足语的词： __________________________________________________ 2）接复合宾语的感官动词：__________________________________________________ 3）接复合宾语的使役动词：__________________________________________________ 4）接复合宾语的其它动词：__________________________________________________ 5）接复合宾语的介词： __________________________________________________ 合作探究： 5. S (主）+ VT（谓）+ O（宾） + O C（宾补） 此结构由主语+及物的谓语动词+宾语+宾语补足语构成。宾语与宾语补足语有逻辑的主谓关系，若无宾语补足语，则句意不完整。可以用做宾补的有，名词，形容词，副词，介词短语，动词不定式，分词。如，     The sun keeps us warm. 宾补由_________________充当 I heard him singing. 宾补由_________________充当 You must get your hair cut. 宾补由_________________充当 I’ll make you clear. 宾补由_________________充当 We made him monitor. 宾补由_________________充当 用 it 做形式宾语，而将真正的宾语放到宾语补足语的后面，是英语常用句型。 即 主语 + 谓语 + it + 宾补 + 真正宾语。如， I found it very pleasant to be with your family. 1) 句子结构__________________________ We named our baby Tom. 常用于这句型的动词有：appoint, call, choose, elect, find, make, name 2) 句子结构__________________________ He painted the wall white. 常用于这句型的动词有: cut, drive, find, get, hold, keep, leave, like, make, paint, see, set, turn, want, wash, wish等。 3) 句子结构__________________________ She always keeps everything in good order. 4) 句子结构__________________________ I wish you to stay. I made him work 常用于这句型的动词有： a)不定式带to的词：advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, choose, command, decide, encourage, expect, force, get, hate, invite, know, leave, like, love, order, permit, persuade, prefer, request, teach, tell, want, warn, wish等。 b)不定式不带to的词：feel, have, hear, let, listen to, look at, make, notice, see, watch等。 5) 句子结构__________________________ I heard my name called. I feel something moving. 常用于这句型的动词有： feel, find, get, have, hear, imagine, keep, leave, listen to, look at, notice,see, smell, watch等。 我能行：（句子结构翻译练习） 1.我们叫她Alice. ________________________________________________________ 2.他的父母给他取名为John. _______________________________________________ 3.我们大家都认为他是诚实的。____________________________________________ 4.他们把门推开了。______________________________________________________ 5.我们要使学校变得更美丽。______________________________________________ 6.他请我们参加做游戏。__________________________________________________ 7.我要你把真相告诉我。__________________________________________________ 8.卫兵命令我们立即离开。_______________________________________________ 9.明天我要找人来修理机器。_____________________________________________ 10.每天早晨我们都听到他大声朗读英语。__________________________________ 11.痛苦使得他叫喊起来。________________________________________________ 12.我们不会让她在晚上外出的。___________________________________________ 13.他每个月理一次发。___________________________________________________ 14.我要请人把我的录音机修理一下。_______________________________________ 15.那可怕的声音把孩子们吓坏了。 __________________________________________ 16.男孩子们都在看士兵们操练。 ___________________________________________ 17.我从来没看见这个字这样用过。__________________________________________ 18.他感到很难跟你交谈。__________________________________________________ 19.我想乘船去那里更舒服些。______________________________________________ 20.我认为与那个人谈话是无益的。___________________________________________ “我”的模仿秀： ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 英语句型 英语句子的分类有两种方法，一是按照句子的作用分，二是按照句子的结构划分。 预习思考： 5） 按照句子的作用，句子可分为陈述句、 疑问句、祈使句、感叹句四种。 We like English. We are not afraid of making mistakes in English class. Do you like English too? How are you getting along with your English study? Are you good at or poor in English? You are working hard at it, aren’t you? Do work hard at English. Don’t lose heart at it. How interesting it is to learn English! What an interesting subject English is! 6） 按照句子的结构分，句子可分为简单句、并列句、 复合句三种。 7） 简单句的概念：只有一套主谓结构，即只有一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)。 We should read English aloud in the morning. Tom and Mike are interested in English. He likes English and always works hard at it. 8） 按照句子结构分，简单句又分为主谓、 主谓宾、 主系表、 主谓双宾、 主谓宾宾补五个基本句式结构。 英语简单句的五个句式结构 合作探究： 1. S (主）+ vi.（谓） 本结构是由主语加不及物的谓语动词构成, 常用来表示主语的动作。 The sun rises. The red sun rises. The red sun rises in the east. The girl smiles. The tall girl smiles. The tall girl smiles happily. 主语可有修饰语---定语; 谓语可有修饰语---状语. 1) S + vi. + adv. The sun shines brightly. The baby slept soundly. 2) S + vi.+ prep-phrase They travelled around the world. They went out without a word. 3) S + vi.+ infinitive I came here to learn English. He left early to avoid tarffic. 4) S + vi.+ participle He sat there, reading a newspaper. He came running. “我”的模仿秀： ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 我能行：（句子结构翻译练习） 1.他站在那儿，手里拿着一本书。 He stood there, with a book in his hand / book in hand. 2.情绪低落，他回家了。 He went home in a low spirit. 3.你应当努力学习。 You should work hard. 4.会议将持续两个小时。 The meeting will last (for) two hours. 5.约翰的父亲昨晚去世了。 John’s father died /passed away last night. 6.鸟在欢快地唱歌。 Birds are singing happily. 7.我的爷爷早晨起得很早。 My grandpa got up early in the morning. 8.这支笔书写流利。 The pen writes smoothly. 9.他坐在那儿，听着老师讲话。 He sat there, listening to the teacher. 10.在过去的十年里，我的家乡已经发生了巨大的变化。 Great changes have taken place in my hometown in the past / last ten years. 预习思考： 作宾语的动词形式有不定式, 动名词. 初中学过的只接不定式作宾语的动词: hope, wish, decide, plan, agree, refuse, promise, learn, afford, fail, offer, pretend, seem, happen... 初中学过的只接动名词作宾语的动词: enjoy, finish, practise, mind, keep, suggest, advise, allow, avoid, miss, consider, imagine... 初中学过的既可以接不定式又可以接动名词作宾语的动词: begin, start, continue, hate, like, love, prefer, remember, forget, regret, stop, try, mean, 合作探究： 2.S (主）+ vt. （及物动词）（谓）+ O（宾） 此结构是由主语+谓语+宾语构成。其中的谓语动词须是及物动词或及物动词加介词。 宾语须是名词、代词或相当于名词、代词的成分。 We like English. I know nothing. We shouldn’t laugh at the disabled. He is looking after his sick mother. 主语可有修饰语---定语； 谓语可有修饰语---状语； 宾语可有修饰语---定语。 The naughty boy broke the beautiful vase on purpose. The thundering clouds held poor Anne entirely in their power. “我”的模仿秀： ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 注意： 1）接不定式作宾语的动词。 I want to help him. I decided to do it myself. 常见动词有：(三个希望两答应：_________，_________，_________，_________，_________两个要求莫拒绝：_________，_________，_________ 设法学会做决定：_________，_________，_________ 不要假装在选择：_________，_________) hope, wish, expect, agree, promise, ask, demand, refuse, manage, learn, decide, pretend, choose, fail, offer, plan, prepare, help, long, happen, seem “我”的模仿秀： ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 2) 接动名词作宾语的动词。 Tom practised playing the piano every afternoon. Do you mind opening the window? 常用于这句型的动词有：Mrs.P Black missed a beef bag. _____________________________ mind, risk (冒险), succeed in, practise, be busy, look forward to, admit(承认),consider, keep on, miss, insist on (坚持), suggest, stop, enjoy, delay (耽误),allow, be used to, escape, excuse (原谅), finish, be worth, advise, give up, can’t help, imagine, put off, feel like, be worth. “我”的模仿秀： ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 3) 接特殊疑问词+ 不定式作宾语的动词。 I don’t know what to do. I wonder how to do it. 常用于这句型的动词有：ask, consider, decide, discover, explain, find out, forget, guess, know, learn, remember, see, settle, tell, think, understand, wonder等。 “我”的模仿秀： ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 4) 既可接不定式 又可接动名词 作宾语，含义相同的动词。 They continued arguing / to argue after class. Paul hates having / to have his pictures taken. 常用于这句型的动词有：love, like, hate, prefer, begin, start, continue. “我”的模仿秀： ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 5) 既可接不定式 又可接动名词 作宾语，含义不同的动词。。 The failure means trying again. I didn’t mean to hurt you. 常用于这句型的动词有：remember, forget, try, stop,mean, regret “我”的模仿秀： ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 我能行：（句子结构翻译练习） 1.昨晚我写了一封信。 I wrote a letter last night. 2.今天下午我想同你谈谈。 I want to talk with you this afternoon. 3.你们必须在两周内看完这些书。You must finish reading these books in two weeks. 4.那位先生能流利地说三种语言。The gentleman can speak three languages fluentlhy. 5.我收到了笔友的信。 I received a letter from a pen-pal. 6.我们大家都相信Jack 是一个诚实男孩。We all believe Jack to be an honest boy. 7.他不知道说什麽好。 He didn’t know what to say. 8.我开窗户你在意吗？ Do you mind my / me opening the window? 9.我不信任那个人。 I don’t trust / believe in the person. 10.下周我们将举行家长座谈会。We will hold a parent-meeting next week. 11.我记得告诉过你这件事了。I remember telling you about it. 12.这位护士会好好照顾你父亲的。The nurse will take good care of your father. 13.我开始对英语感兴趣了。 I began to be interested in English. 14.我同意帮助你。 I agree to help you. 15.你考虑在会上说什么了吗？Have you considered what to say at the meeting? 预习思考： 1）初中学过的系动词：_______________________________________________________ 2）主系表结构的否定形式：① ________________________________________________ ② ________________________________________________ 3）主系表结构的一般疑问句形式：① __________________________________________ ② __________________________________________ 4) there be结构的构成形式：________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ 合作探究： 3. S (主) + link-v. (系动词) + P (表) 1) 本结构是由主语+系动词+表语组成，主要用以说明主语的特征，类属，状态，身份等。 We are Chinese. We should keep calm in face of danger. The airconditioner is on. He is in good health. 除了be 系动词外，还有一些动词也可以用作系动词: 表感官的动词: look, sound, smell, taste, feel, seem, appear 表转变变化的动词: become, get, turn, go, grow, fall 表状态延续的动词: keep, stay, remain 其他动词: prove, come, turn out, stand, lie... 2) 主系表结构的否定形式和一般疑问句形式的构成 　否定形式： 　　She is a good girl. → She isn’t a good girl. 　　You look happy. → You don’t look happy. ① ________________________________________________ ② ________________________________________________ 　一般疑问句形式： 　　This girl is in Row One. → Is this girl in Row One? 　　We look excited. → Do we look excited? ① ________________________________________________ ② ________________________________________________ 请按要求改写句子： 　　1. Lily is American. Is Lily American?（改为一般疑问句） 　　2. I am from Sichuan. I am not from Sichuan.（改为否定句） 　　3. He looks puzzled. Does he look puzzled?（改为一般疑问句） 　　4. They feel very excited. They don’t feel very excited.（改为否定句） 　　5. The news sounds very bad. Does the news sound very bad?（改为一般疑问句） 　　6. The food tastes delicious. The food doesn’t taste delicious.（改为否定句） 我能行：（句子结构翻译练习） 1.我的兄弟都是大学生。All my brothers are college students. 2.那些土豆坏在地里了。The potatoes went bad in the fields. 3.布朗夫人看起来很健康。Mrs. Brown looks healthy. 4.十五岁他就成为有名的钢琴家了。He became a famous pianist at 15. 5.孩子们，请保持安静。Please keep quiet, boys and girls. 6.他昨天病了。 He fell ill yesterday. 7.她的工作是在幼儿园里照看儿童。Her jo is to look after the children in the kindergarten. 8.他失业了。He was out of work. 9.树叶已经变黄了。 The leaves have turned yellow. 10.这个报告听起来很有意思。 The report sounds interesting. 11.我们的梦想终会成功。 Our dreams will come true in the end. 12.困难面前我们要保持冷静。 We should keep calm in face of difficulty. 13.我感觉有点累。 I felt a little / a bit tired. 14.小树苗越长越高了。 The young tree grows taller and taller._ 15.这道菜尝起来很可口。 The dish tastes delicious. 3) there be句型 ①与各种情态动词连用： 这台机器肯定有什么毛病。There must be something wrong with the machine. 今天晚上将要有一部影片。There will be a movie tonight. 现在教室里也许有人。 There may be someone in the classroom now. There will / would be _______________ There must be _______________ There should / ought to be _______________ There may / might be _______________ There have to be _______________ ②there be的特殊形式： 碰巧屋里没有人。 There happened to be nobody in the room. 过去这里有一座庙。 There used to be a temple here. 在村子里有一个五口之家。There lived a family of five in the village. 可能有一场暴雨。 There is likely to be a storm. There happens to be… ______________ There appears / seems to be… ____________ There is going to be… ______________ There used to be… ____________ There is likely to be… ______________ There has/have been… ____________ ③there be 结构主谓一致：采取就近一致原则。 There is an orange and some bananas in the basket. There are some bananas and an orange in the basket. There is a pen, two rulers in the box. There are two boys and a teacher at the school gate. ④There be 的肯定句变成否定句或疑问句的变化: There is some orange juice in the glass. 否定句：There isn’t any orange juice in the glass. 疑问句：Is there any orange juice in the glass? 1.There is some water in the bottle. _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ 2.There are many apples in the box. _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ 此句型有时不用be动词，而用 live, stand, come, go, lie, remain, exist等。 我能行：（句子结构翻译练习） 1.这个村子过去只有一口井。There used to be only one well in the village. 2.客人当中有两名美国人和两名法国人。There are two Americans and two Frenchmen among the visitors. 3.天气预报说下午有大风。The weatherforecast says there will be strong wind this afternoon. 4.灯亮着，办公室里肯定有人。The light is on; there must be someone in the office. 5.战前这儿一直有家电影院的。There used to be a cinema here before the war. 6.恰好那时房里没人。There happened to be nobody in the room then. 7.从前，在海边的一个村子里住着一位老渔夫。 Long long ago, there lived an old fisherman in the seaside village. 8.公共汽车来了。Here comes the bus. 9.就只剩下二十八美元了。 There was only 28 dollars left. 10.在这个山洞前面长着一棵高大的松树。 There stands a tall pine tree in front of the cave. “我”的模仿秀： ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 预习思考： 1）初中学过的接双宾语动词：__________________________________________________ 2）造句：（每人至少造4个主谓双宾的句子，组长检查） ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 合作探究： 4. 主谓双宾结构： 此结构由主语+及物动词+间接宾语（sb.）+直接宾语（sth.）组成。 He brings me cookies every day. 间接宾语__________ 直接宾语__________ She made me a beautiful dress. 间接宾语__________ 直接宾语__________ I give you help. 间接宾语__________ 直接宾语__________ I’ll lend you the book. 间接宾语__________ 直接宾语__________ 但如果先说出事物(sth.)，后说人(sb.)，则要借助于to或for 1) He brings cookies to me every day. 2) She made a beautiful dress for me. 3) 将预习思考中的句子进行改写。 用to侧重指动作的方向，表示指向，对着，传给某人。 用for 侧重指动作的目的或利益，表示为了某人。 常跟双宾语的动词有： 1) 七“给”一“带”to不少；give, show, lend, hand, offer, pass, send, bring, pay, promise, return, teach, tell, write, ask, read, sell, owe, leave等。 2) “买”“画”“制作”for来了。buy, draw, make, call, cook, choose, find, get, order, sing, save, spare,等。 He explained us the situation. 错误 Our teacher introduced us a new student. 错误 It was a magazine article that suggested us the idea. 错误 He advises us tax matters. 错误 不能接双宾语语的动词：解释explain介绍introduce建议advise/suggest, mention, deliver, announce He briefly explained the situation to them. Our teacher introduced a new student to us all. He advises us on tax matters. It was a magazine article that suggested the idea to us. “我”的模仿秀： ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 小组展示：（各组委派代表展示3-5个句子） ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 我能行：（句子结构翻译练习） 1.Johnson 先生去年教我们德语。Mr Johnson taught us German last year. 2. 奶奶昨晚给我们讲了一个有趣的故事。Grandma told us an interesting story last night. 3. Mary给丈夫煮了一餐美餐。Mary cooked her husband a delicious meal. 4. 请把那本字典递给我好吗？Would you please pass me that dictionary? 5. 他把车票给列车员看。He showed the conductor his ticket. 6. 他给你带来一本字典。He has brought you a dictionary. 7. 我父亲已经给我买了一辆新自行车。My father has bought me a new bike/bicycle. 8. Robinson Crusoe 给自己做了一只小船。Robinson Crusoe made himself a small boat. 9. 我替你叫辆出租汽车好吗？Shall I call you a taxi? 10. 新式机器将会为你节省许多劳动。The new machine will save you a lot of labour. 11. 妈妈为我挑选了一个漂亮的生日礼物。Mum picked me a beautiful birthday present. 12. 你能给我10分钟的时间吗？(spare) Could you spare me ten minutes? 13. 公司答应今年给我们发奖金(bonus) The company promised us a bonus this year. 14. 你能借给我5英镑吗？Could you lend me five pounds? 15. 我们会为你在车站预定一辆出租车。We will book you a taxi at the station. 预习思考： 1）能做宾语补足语的词： __________________________________________________ 2）接复合宾语的感官动词：__________________________________________________ 3）接复合宾语的使役动词：__________________________________________________ 4）接复合宾语的其它动词：__________________________________________________ 5）接复合宾语的介词： __________________________________________________ 合作探究： 5. S (主）+ VT（谓）+ O（宾） + O C（宾补） 此结构由主语+及物的谓语动词+宾语+宾语补足语构成。宾语与宾语补足语有逻辑的主谓关系，若无宾语补足语，则句意不完整。可以用做宾补的有，名词，形容词，副词，介词短语，动词不定式，分词。如，     The sun keeps us warm. 宾补由形容词充当 I heard him singing. 宾补由现在分词充当 You must get your hair cut. 宾补由过去分词充当 I’ll make you clear. 宾补由形容词充当 We made him monitor. 宾补由名词充当 用 it 做形式宾语，而将真正的宾语放到宾语补足语的后面，是英语常用句型。 即 主语 + 谓语 + it + 宾补 + 真正宾语。如， I found it very pleasant to be with your family. 1) 句子结构主语+谓语+宾语+名词 We named our baby Tom. 常用于这句型的动词有：appoint, call, choose, elect, find, make, name 2) 句子结构主语+谓语+宾语+形容词 He painted the wall white. 常用于这句型的动词有: cut, drive, find, get, hold, keep, leave, like, make, paint, see, set, turn, want, wash, wish等。 3) 句子结构主语+谓语+宾语+介词短语 She always keeps everything in good order. 4) 句子结构主语+谓语+宾语+不定式 I wish you to stay. I made him work 常用于这句型的动词有： a)不定式带to的词：advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, choose, command, decide, encourage, expect, force, get, hate, invite, know, leave, like, love, order, permit, persuade, prefer, request, teach, tell, want, warn, wish等。 b)不定式不带to的词：feel, have, hear, let, listen to, look at, make, notice, see, watch等。 5) 句子结构主语+谓语+宾语+分词 I heard my name called. I feel something moving. 常用于这句型的动词有： feel, find, get, have, hear, imagine, keep, leave, listen to, look at, notice,see, smell, watch等。 我能行：（句子结构翻译练习） 1.我们叫她Alice. We call her Alice. 2.他的父母给他取名为John. His parents named him John. 3.我们大家都认为他是诚实的。We all consider him (to be) honest. 4.他们把门推开了。They pushed the door open. 5.我们要使学校变得更美丽。We will make our school more beautiful. 6.他请我们参加做游戏。He asked us to join in the game. 7.我要你把真相告诉我。I want you to tell me the truth. 8.卫兵命令我们立即离开。The guard ordered us to leave at once. 9.明天我要找人来修理机器。Tomorrow I'll have someone repair the machine. 10.每天早晨我们都听到他大声朗读英语。Every morning we hear him read English aloud. 11.痛苦使得他叫喊起来。The pain made him cry out. 12.我们不会让她在晚上外出的。We won't let her go out at night. 13.他每个月理一次发。He has his hair cut once a month. 14.我要请人把我的录音机修理一下。I'll get my recorder repaired. 15.那可怕的声音把孩子们吓坏了。The terrible sound made the children frightened. 16.男孩子们都在看士兵们操练。The boys are watching the soldiers drilling. 17.我从来没看见这个字这样用过。I have never seen the word used this way. 18.他感到很难跟你交谈。He felt it difficult to talk with you. 19.我想乘船去那里更舒服些。I think it more comfortable to go there by boat. 20.我认为与那个人谈话是无益的。I think it no good talking with that man. “我”的模仿秀： ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 22 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $