期末测试卷2-【学霸黑白题】2025-2026学年高一英语下册

期末测试卷（二） 时间：90分钟 满分：120分 姓名： 得分： 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） >第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A The National Gallery Discover the collection The National Gallery displays one of the finest and most comprehensive collections of European painting.It includes many famous works,such as Van Eyck's Arnolfini Portrait, Velazquez's Rokeby Venus,Turner's Fighting Temeraire and Van Gogh's Sunflowers. This plan will help you to explore the collection.You may wish to start by finding one of the famous paintings illustrated overleaf.You can also plan your route using the ArtStart touch-screen guides.Free guided tours and a variety of audio guides are available. For further information,ask at Information Desks or pick up the What's On and Book Now guides for full details of talks,tours and family events. A public collection The paintings in the National Gallery belong to the public and entrance to see them is free.The Gallery was founded in 1824,but it did not acquire its current home,designed by William Wilkins, until 1838.The site in Trafalgar Square was chosen for its central location,which was accessible to both the rich of West London and the poorer communities of the East End.The building has been extended and improved over the years,most notably in 1991 with the opening of the Sainsbury Wing,designed by Venturi,Scott Brown and Associates.The Gallery continues to ensure that the widest possible public can enjoy the paintings. If you do not wish to keep this plan,please return it to an Information Desk for recycling. 1.How can visitors find the illustrated painting Sunflowers? A.Ask for an audio guide. B.Read Book Now guides. C.Search it on the back of the plan. D.Use the ArtStart touch-screen guides. 2.What can be learned about the National Gallery building? A.It has been expanded over time. B.It was designed by Venturi alone. C.Wilkins designed the Sainsbury Wing. D.Its current form was completed in 1824. 3.Where is the text most likely from? A.A personal diary. B.A travel website. C.A science magazine. D.A museum leaflet. 高一下英语·0黑白题173 B Many pet owners believe their animals can sense their feelings,but what does science say? Researchers have found evidence that some animals do respond to human emotions,though the reasons may be more practical than emotional. Dogs are particularly good at reading human signals.A study from the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna used brain scans to show that dogs react differently to happy and angry human voices.Their brains light up in reward centers when hearing praise.However,this doesn't necessarily mean dogs "feel"for us-it may just be smart learning from years of living with humans. Dolphins show even more surprising behaviors.Scientists observed that when trainers seemed upset,dolphins would often swim over to comfort them,using special sounds normally heard between dolphin mothers and babies.While this looks like empathy,some experts think dolphins might just be responding to visible signs of discomfort. Cats,on the other hand,remain a mystery.Despite having similar brain structures to dogs, most cats seem indifferent to human emotions.Studies show they recognize their owner's voice but usually choose not to respond-a fact many cat owners know too well! So do animals truly understand us?Current research suggests they're probably responding to signals they've learned to associate with rewards or safety,rather than experiencing human-like emotions.But one thing is clear:the bond between humans and animals is complex and fascinating. 4.What did the study from the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna show about dogs? A.They understand human language. B.They ignore negative human voices. C.They feel happy when hearing praise.D.They respond differently to human signals. 5.What does the underlined word "empathy"in Paragraph 3 mean? A.Understanding others'upset. B.Ignoring others'disappointment. C.Showing respect to dolphin mothers. D.Giving response to visible signs. 6.What does Paragraph 4 mainly talk about? A.Cats aren't popular with humans. B.Cats have much higher emotional quality. C.Cats are less intelligent than dogs. D.Cats show no interest in human emotions. 7.According to the passage,which statement would researchers most likely agree with? A.Animals'responses are natural,not learned. B.Animals can copy human emotions. C.Animals may have no human-like emotions. D.Animal-human relationship is simple. 174英语·0黑白题高一下 C Soon after Mr.Mrs.Bacchus started farming their little patch of land,they faced a major problem-a plague of birds fed on their precious crops.Then,a man stopped in and asked the couple if he could take photographs of the birds on the property.Afterwards,he suggested that instead of trying to get rid of the birds,they should learn to live alongside them,and Maraksacha Reserve was born. Today,the couple credit this man,the celebrated bird photographer Manu Espinosa,with changing their lives,and helping them persuade others of the vital importance of conservation in this region. Birding tourism is flourishing in Ecuador,with increasing numbers of specialist tour groups. Ecuador contains a variety of ecosystems at differing elevations,which helps explain why it's among the top 10 countries in the world for bird diversity.The country is home to over 1,600 bird species-nearly double the number found in all of Europe-within an area just slightly larger than the UK. As the business of birding grows,more and more farmers are switching their land from agriculture to bird reserves,benefiting not just the birds,but the country's economy.One notable example is the Ajila family,who have devoted themselves to preserving the long-wattled umbrellabird.Luis Ajila has switched from dairy farming to conservation,replanting trees and promoting the site to wildlife tourists-work that he says is a better livelihood than farming. "Wildlife tourism is much more profitable than farming,but that wasn't our only motivation," says Luis Jr.,Ajila's son."We aimed to protect not just the umbrellabird,but all the unique wildlife here,safeguarding them for future generations." Since 2005,Angel Paz has transformed his former dairy farm into a bird reserve.At first, things didn't go to plan:it took a month for the first visitor to arrive,and he paid just $10 for a four-hour tour.Since then,however,thousands of people have made the pilgrimage."I have protected my home and its birdlife for almost two decades,and finally watched the wildlife and the visitors flourish,"Paz says. 8.What advice did the photographer give to the couple? A.Photographing the birds. B.Coexisting with the birds. C.Protecting their precious crops. D.Taking care of their property. 9.What is Paragraph 3 of the text mainly about? A.How Ecuador is geographically unique. B.What distinguishes Ecuador's biodiversity. C.What makes Ecuador a birding destination. D.How birding tourism is operated in Ecuador. 高一下英语·0黑白题175 10.What have the Ajila family achieved? A.Helping other farmers shake off poverty. B.Combining profitability with sustainability. C.Applying new technology in farming. D.Changing the landscapes of their farms. 11.What can we learn from Angel Paz's story? A.Well begun is half done. B.It takes time to bear fruit. C.The early bird catches the worm. D.The secret to success is adaptability. D Picture a robot.What do you see?A stony,steel machine built to be stronger than living beings?Unfortunately,this quality now threatens to flood the planet in e-waste.What if,our machines were designed to break down and disappear-like life does?For a study,researchers designed a robotic arm and a controller from pork gelatin and plant cellulose-materials strong enough to function yet easy enough to degrade().After testing,both structures broke down in soil within weeks. Biodegradable robotics often falls under the umbrella of soft robotics,which draws inspiration from nature's creations.Pingdong Wei,a materials scientist at Westlake University,teamed up with his friend Zhuang Zhang,a robotics engineer now at Fudan University,to construct robots for the study.Wei had been drawn to robotics,Zhang recalls,and raised the idea of creating a robot himself."That's when I thought,'Why not use the materials he works with to build one?'" They first made cellulose layers from cotton pulp,then added glycerol for flexibility and dried the layers for strength.To build sensors,the researchers used a conductive gelatin drawn out from pork,in which the flow of ions()changes when the material is bent or pressed.They then folded the flat films and sensors into 3D structures.Wei and Zhang found that the controller and robotic arm stood up to both heavy use and a week of inactivity.Finally,they buried them both in a 20-centimeter-deep hole near their campus.Within eight weeks the machines were almost gone. Wei and Zhang look forward to bots like these handling waste and then breaking down;they also expect robots that aid medical operations and then safely break down inside the body.But it's important to note that the technology is in early stages."If we want to have an environmentally friendly robot that goes outside in nature,we need to think of power supplies or batteries that are biodegradable.” 12.What is the author's concern in Paragraph 1? A.Soil quality decreases. B.Machines end up as e-waste. C.Disasters strike the planet. D.Robots threaten people's lives. 13.How does the author develop Paragraph 3? A.By giving examples. B.By describing a process. C.By making a comparison. D.By showing cause and effect. 176英语·0黑白题高一下 14.What may researchers consider about future robots? A.Providing training to robots. B.Ensuring safe robot behavior. C.Developing degradable batteries D.Improving robots'operation system. 15.What can be a suitable title for the text? A.Made of Metal B.Added for Flexibility C.Death by Design D.Power with a Price >第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Interruptions are terrible in communication-but not all come from the same place."It's possible that someone's cutting in because they have a difficult time focusing without speaking," says Jefferson Fisher,an author of The Next Conversation:Argue Less,Talk More.In that case, let them get their words out.16 Other times,your conversation partner will cut in on purpose. "What they're saying is,'What I have to say is more important than what you have to say, Fisher points out.What should you do about it?17 Just keep talking. The first time someone cuts in,continue speaking as though you haven't been interrupted."It might sound rude to continue what you're saying,but it establishes power,"says Jamila Musayeva,an etiquette expert.._l8_Don't raise your voice or start to mumble(小声嘀咕). "You're not showing them that you're being caused by it,and you're not giving them the attention they're looking for,she says.That may be all it takes to ensure they allow you to speak. 19 If the person interrupting you continues to do so,it's time to take action.Address him by name:"Names get people's attention,"Fisher says.Plus,when using the phrasing he suggests, you actually mean "It's not me saying anything about you.It's me saying it about me:'I can't hear you.'"That,he's found,usually puts an end to the interruptions. “May I finish?” People often make the mistake of apologizing when they're the ones being interrupted:20 Avoid that-you didn't do anything wrong,says Elise Powers,who runs a global communications training firm.Instead,she suggests asking if you can finish what you were saying."Do it in a confident way,where almost no one is going to say 'No,you may not finish',she says. A,“Sorry,.can I continue?” B.They don't mean any harm. C.The key is maintaining the same tone. D."John,I'll turn it over to you when I finish." E."Bob,I can't hear you when you interrupt me." 高一下英语·0黑白题177 F.You'll finish your thought,and then they can share theirs. G.We asked experts exactly what to say when someone interrupts you. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分） >第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Graduation ceremonies are often filled with proud families,smiling seniors and words of encouragement.But at Mansfield ISD's Summit High School,the Class of 2025 received something 21 -a personal letter from their headmaster. Headmaster Jason Mutterer went above and beyond by personally writing 443 22 letters with specific thanks.Along with each note,he 23 a single dollar bill,symbolizing the power of even the smallest acts of 24.The letters took him more than 24 hours to 25,but to Mutterer,it was time well spent.His goal:to show his students that individual kindness 26, and that together,443 random(随机的)acts of kindness can start a ripple effect(涟漪效应)and create 27 change in the world. Mutterer 28 his seniors during the school's graduation ceremony,calling it an absolute honor to 29 this excellent class.Mutterer wanted to 30 them with something."Inside that letter,there's a single dollar bill,"Mutterer said."It might seem 31 but if 443 kids are doing random acts of kindness every day,it has a huge 32" "He made every one of us feel seen and loved,said one student after the graduation ceremony."Hopefully we get to 33 the kindness one day and make other people feel important and appreciated” Mutterer's parting 34 to his students was more than a goodbye.It was a 35 to go out into the world and pay it forward. 21.A.strange B.expensive C.extra D.average 22.A.fancy B.typical C.welcoming D.heartfelt 23.A.included B.exchanged C.required D.found 24.A.courage B.kindness C.generosity D.faith 25.A.mail B.answer C.present D.complete 26.A.changes B.matters C.exists D.appears 27.A.sudden B.meaningful C.slight D.rapid 28.A.addressed B.informed C.interviewed D.comforted 29.A.save B.plan C.serve D.attend 30.A.leave B.charge C.compare D.replace 31.A.invaluable B.insignificant C.inaccessible D.illegal 32.A.shock B.issue C.impact D.relief 33.A.make out B.talk about C.track down D.pass on 178英语·0黑白题高一下 34.A.gift B.hug C.wave D.question 35.A.burden B.reason C.challenge D.competition >第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The over-21-kilometer half marathon course struck a perfect balance:challenging yet doable for runners of all levels.There were machine competitors 36 (compete)in the world's first humanoid robot half marathon,held in the Beijing Economic-Technological Development Area (BDA)in the southeast of the city.37 silicon racers would soon compete on the same physical route as human runners,though on separate tracks. “Think of it38 a car rally(汽车拉力赛)for robots,”said Liang Liang,deputy director of the BDA management committee.The rules of the humanoid robot half marathon were closely like 39 of a car rally,Liang noted.Teams combined AI autonomy with human oversight,dealing with 40 (challenge)no machine had quite faced before:uneven pavements,communication drops 41 the unpredictability of the outdoors. "The event 42 (serve)as a testing and demonstration platform,but more importantly,as a space for 43 (develop),enthusiasts and companies to exchange ideas,"Liang said. At the Beijing E-Town half marathon,the Tien Kung Ultra robot developed by the Beijing Humanoid Robot Innovation Center crossed the finish line in just 2 hours and 40 minutes.Noetix's N2 came in second,while a robot designed by Shanghai-based firm DroidUp 44 (secure)third place. Isn't the organizers'motto,"To compete is victory,to finish is glory,"45 (fill)with Akhwari's story?Every small step these robots took on the marathon course represented a giant leap for China's technological breakthroughs. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43, 44. 45. 第三部分写作（共两节，满分40分） >第一节（满分15分） 假定你是李华，近期你班正在小组合作完成一个英语项目活动(Project)“Tell Stories of China in English'”,并将在班级内进行分享，很多小组觉得难以开展。现在请你针对如何解决此问题在课 堂上进行英语演讲。 内容包括： 1.陈述看法； 2.提出建议。 注意： 写作词数为80左右。 How to Tell Stories of China in English as a Group Good morning,everyone! 高一下英语·0黑白题179 Thanks for your listening! >第二节（满分25分） 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 My wife and I were taking a trip from Charlotte to Hot Springs for a ski time.I had an SUV that I had been driving for many years. It was a sunny Friday midday when we made it close to our destination.Suddenly I started hearing a heavy sound from the car,as if someone was pounding against the engine area."Is that dirt or mud?"asked my wife.But considering we had been on the highway for 2 hours without hitting anything,I knew it had to be something wrong with my car.It only took a few seconds before I realized the noise came from under the hood()-something had broken loose. We pulled over on a nearby turn and I cracked the hood open.My engine belt was absolutely torn apart.I quickly saw why:An oil leak()had damaged it and left us stuck on the road. It wasn't 5 minutes before a gentleman named Steve stopped and offered help.He drove me to a nearby auto parts store that had a belt and back to the car so that we could get it on.Steve and I quickly got to work.Removing the torn belt was tough-it was stuck deep in the gap between the parts.After removing all the pieces,we tried to put the new belt on.We pulled and dragged,but the belt refused to fit onto the right position. Disappointed,we accepted defeat.It was clear that we needed a professional to help us.So I called a mobile repairman.After explaining where we were,he said kindly but firmly,"Sorry,it's Friday rush hour.I can't get there before 6 p.m."My heart sank.That meant we would wait for hours on the cold mountain road and even miss our ski the next day. 注意：(1)续写词数应为150左右；(2)续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已给出。 Seeing our disappointment,Steve offered a solution. After a great ski time,I called Steve to return his car as promised. 180英语·0黑白题高一下37.heavily考查副词。空处修饰动词“relied”应用副词形式，意 为“极度地”。故填heavily。 38.neighboring考查形容词。空处修饰名词“cultures”应用形容 词形式，意为“周边的”。故填neighboring。 39.as考查固定搭配。空处为周定搭配：be known as,.意为 “以…出名”。故填as。 40.is based考查谓语动词。空处为本句谓语动词。根据上下文 可知，本句时态为一般现在时；主语为“Mongolian medicine”, 单数，和动词“base”之间为被动关系。故填is based。 41.emphasis考查名词。空处应填名词形式担当表语；根据“a” 可知，空处为名词的单数形式。故填emphasis。 42.which考查定语从句。空处为定语从句的关系词；指代 unique treatments for physical injuries,在非限制性定语从句 中担当主语，用关系代词which引导。故填which: 43.a考查冠词。空处修饰名词“growth period'”,表示泛指，且 growth发音以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。 44.welcoming考查非谓语动词。空处为非谓语动词担当状语； 主语“Mongolia”和动词“welcome”之间为主动关系，用现在分 词形式。故填welcoming。 45.and考查连词。空前“enhances Mongolia's standing in the field of traditional medicine”和空后“ensures the survival of these ancient treatments for future generations'”之间为并列关 系，用连词and连接。故填and。 第三部分写作 第一节 可参考范文 NOTICE Aimed at bringing classic literary works to life and inspiring a deeper appreciation for drama,the upcoming 12th Drama Festival is scheduled for 2:00 p.m.this Friday in our school lecture hall. This year's performances include adaptations of renowned literary masterpieces like Thunderstorm and Hamlet,carefully prepared and performed by our talented club members.Besides, there will be interactive sessions where you can engage with the performers. Whether you are simply curious,a literature enthusiast,or a drama lover,this festival promises to be an unforgettable experience.Don't miss the chance to witness the magic of literature coming alive on stage！ The School Literature Club ⊕语言积累 高级表达 l.aim at瞄准；旨在；针对 2.engage with…与…建立密切关系；忙于；从事；与…互动 3.promise to承诺；答应做… 高级句型 1.Aimed at bringing classic literary works to life and inspiring a deeper appreciation for drama,the upcoming 12th Drama Festival is scheduled for 2:00 p.m.this Friday in our school lecture hall,.(运用了过去分词短语作状语和动名词作其语) 2.Whether you are simply curious,a literature enthusiast,or a drama lover,this festival promises to be an unforgettable experience. 了“whether.or..”引导的让步状语从句句型) 第二节 。前情回顾 David和Jeff这对从小一起长大的好朋友，因为对星空的热爱 而结下深厚的情谊。然而，Jeff因一场车祸失去了行走能力，这让 David感到非常难过。但David没有放弃，他决定帮助Jeff币拾对 星空的热爱，并一起实现他们的梦想。 Q思路点拨 ①由第一段首句内容“午餐时间，David轻轻地走向Jeff。”可知，第 一段可描写David与Jeff的对话，以及David如何鼓励Jeff重 拾对星空的热爱。 ②由第二段首句内容“在太空俱乐部，David把望远镜降到了轮椅 的高度。”可知，第二段可描写David如何帮助Jeff重新参与到 观星活动中，并且得到了周围人的支持。 高 下 Q词类激活 行为类 ①放：place/put ②调整：adjust/,modify/regulate ③走近：approach/,come nearby 情绪类 ①犹豫不定的：hesitant/,tentative ②好奇的：curious/,enquiring 四参考范文 Paragraph 1: During lunchtime,David gently walked towards Jeff.Seeing his old friend's hesitant expression,Jeff quickly closed the Star Map Book."I know what happened,"David said softly,placing a hand on Jeff's shoulder."But remember our promise?We'll watch the stars together-no matter what."Jeff's eyes welled up as he whispered,"But the Space Club...How can I join it?They might laugh at me . David smiled,"Adventure isn't about climbing trees,he added."It's about discovering the sky-together.Don't be afraid,Jeff.Just go to the club,you'll find that the happiness of enjoying the stars still exists."Hearing what David said,Jeff nodded hesitantly. Paragraph 2: At the Space Club,David lowered the telescope to wheelchair height.“Look,”he said,adjusting the lens for Jeff..“The Big Dipper is brighter tonight."Jeff's face lit up as he peered through the eyepiece.Around them,other students gathered,curious about the unusual setup.David announced,"This is Jeff,my co-captain for the Night Sky Team."A teacher approached,impressed, "We'll redesign the observatory ramp next week."As Jeff traced constellations with his finger,David knew their shared dream wasn't lost-it had just needed a new way to shine. ⊕语言积累 高级表达 l.hesitant expression犹豫的表情 2.well up(情感等)涌上心头：（眼泪等）涌出 3,peer through透过…凝视；费力地透过…看 高级句型 1.Seeing his old friend's hesitant expression,Jeff quickly closed the Star Map Book.(运用了现在分词作状语) 2.As Jeff traced constellations with his finger,David knew their shared dream wasn't lost-it had just needed a new way to shine.(运用了as引导的时间状语从句) 期末测试卷（二） 第一部分阅读 第一节 A 【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了国家美术馆的藏品、 参观方式、建筑历史等信息。 l.C细节理解题。根据第二段中的“You may wish to start by finding one of the famous paintings illustrated overleaf..”可知， “overleaf'"意思是“在背面”，这表明可以在计划(plan)的背面找 到有图示的著名画作，《向日葵》是著名画作之一。故选C。 2.A细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“The building has been extended and improved over the years”可知，随着时间的推移， 国家美术馆已经扩大了。故选A。 3.D推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了国家美术馆 的藏品、参观方式、建筑历史等信息，整体是关于美术馆的介 绍，所以最有可能来自博物馆的传单(museum leaflet)。故 选D。 B 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章围绕“动物是否能感知人类 情感”这一问题展开科学探讨，结合不同动物的研究案例，揭示了 动物行为背后的复杂逻辑。 4.D细节理解题。根据第二段中的“A study from the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna used brain scans to show that dogs react differently to happy and angry human voices.”可知， 维也纳兽医大学的研究表明狗对人类不同的声音信号（开心和 生气的声音)有不同的反应。故选D。 学霸黑白题46 5.A词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“Scientists observed that when trainers seemed upset,dolphins would often swim over to comfort them”可知，当训练员看起来沮丧时，海豚会游过去安 慰他们，这种行为看起来像是理解他人的沮丧，也就是 “empathy(共情)”的意思，和A选项Understanding others upset“"理解别人的烦恼”意思相近。故选A。 6.D段落大意题。根据第四段“Cats...most cats seem indifferent to human emotions ..usually choose not to respond-一a fact many cat owners know too well!”可知，第四段 主要讲的是猫对人类情感似乎漠不关心。故选D。 7.C推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Current research suggests they're probably responding to signals they've learned to associate with rewards or safety,rather than experiencing human-like emotions..”可推知，当前研究表明动物可能只是对 它们学会与奖励或安全联系起来的信号做出反应，而不是体验 像人类一样的情感。故选C。 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了一对爱鸟夫妇和摄影 师Manu Espinosa在厄瓜多尔创办了保护区，发展观鸟旅游业，同 时带动其他农户将农田转变为观鸟地，这既促进了当地旅游业的 发展又保护了环境。 8.B细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Afterwards,he suggested that instead of trying to get rid of the birds,they should learn to live alongside them,and Maraksacha Reserve was born.”可知， 摄影师建议这对夫妇与鸟类共存。故选B。 9.C段落大意题。根据第三段内容可知，厄瓜多尔因多样的生 态系统和高海拔差异，成为全球鸟类多样性前十的国家，并发 展了观鸟旅游，C项“是什么让厄瓜多尔成为观鸟目的地”概括 了厄瓜多尔成为观鸟目的地的核心原因。故选C。 l0.B推理判断题。根据第四段中的“a better livelihood than farming”和“Wildlife tourism is much more profitable than farming,but that wasn't our only motivation'”可推知，Ajila家 族将农场转为保护区，既保护伞鸟（长须伞鸟）又通过生态旅 游获利，Ajla的儿子明确提到“旅游比农业更盈利，但保护动 机同样重要”，体现经济与生态可持续性的结合。故选B。 ll,B推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“it took a month for the first visitor to arrive,and he paid just $10 for a four-hour tour”可推知，Angel Paz的保护区初期游客稀少且收入微薄， 但经过长期坚持，最终游客增多，生态与旅游业共同繁荣，B项 “需要时间才能见效”准确反映了这一过程。故选B。 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家通过仿生材料 设计出可在土壤中快速降解的机器人，为解决电子垃圾问题提供 新思路，但可降解能源仍是待突破的关键技术。 12.B细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Picture a robot Unfortunately,this quality now threatens to flood the planet in e-waste..”可知，作者担心这些机械装置最终成为电子垃圾。 故选B。 l3.B写作手法题。根据第三段中的“They first made.To build sensors,They then.3 D structures..”和“Finally,they buried them both in a 20-centimeter-deep hole near their campus..”可推知，该段按时间顺序详细说明机器人的制作和测 试流程，属于过程描述。故选B。 14.C细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“If we want to have an environmentally friendly robot that goes outside in nature,we need to think of power supplies or batteries that are biodegradable.”可知，研究人员提出未来需研发可降解的电 池。故选C 15.C标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中的“researchers designed a robotic arm and a controller from pork gelatin and plant cellulose-materials strong enough to function yet easy enough to degrade”可知，文章聚焦可生物降解的机器人，介绍 了科学家通过仿生材料设计出可在土壤中快速降解的机器 人，为解决电子垃圾问题提供新思路，但可降解能源仍是待突 破的关键技术。因此，C项“预设的消亡”概括机器人可降解的 设计理念，最适合作为文章标题。故选C。 参考答案与解析 第二节 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了交流中打断他人情况 不同，专家建议：首次被打断可继续说，保持语气；若持续打断，可 叫其名字并表明自己讲完再让对方说，或自信询问能否讲完。 16.F上文提到有人打断是因为难以在不说话的情况下集中注 意力，此处应说明应对方式，F项“你说完自己的想法，然后他 们可以分享他们的。”符合逻辑，允许自己说完后对方继续，衔 接自然。故选F。 17.G根据上文“What should you do about it??”可知，上文提出 “该怎么办”的疑问，下文应是专家给出的具体建议，本句承上 启下，引出下文内容。G项“我们向专家询问了当有人打断你 时应该怎样回应。”符合语境。故选G。 l8.C根据下文“Don't raise your voice or start to mumble.”可 知，下文提到“不要提高声音或小声嘀咕。”，强调保持语气的 重要性，本句是对这一做法的总结，C项“关键在于保持同样的 语气。”符合语境。故选C。 19.E此空为小标题，应概括该段内容。段中提到称呼对方名字 并使用“我听不见你说话”的表述，E项“鲍勃，你打断我时我听 不清你说的话。”符合语境。故选E。 20.A根据上文“People often make the mistake of apologizing when they're the ones being interrupted”以及下文“Avoid that-you didn't do anything wrong,says Elise Powers,who runs a global communications training firm.”可知，上文指出被 打断时道歉是错误的，空处对此错误做法进行举例，与下文 “避免这样做一你没做错什么”呼应，A项“不好意思，我可 以继续吗？”符合语境。故选A。 第二部分语言运用 第一节 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Mansfield ISD的 Summit高中校长Jason Mutterer在毕业典礼上给每名毕业生写 了一封充满心意的信，并附上一张一美元纸币，以此鼓励学生们传 递善意，创造有意义的影响。 2l.C根据前文“Graduation ceremonies are often filled with proud families,smiling seniors and words of encouragement." 和后文“a personal letter from their headmaster'”可知，Summit 高中2025届毕业生的毕业典礼上除了有常规的东西外，还收 到了校长给他们的亲笔信，这是一份额外的礼物。故选C。 22.D根据常识和后文“letters with specific thanks'”可推知，校长 写给学生们的信充满真挚的感谢。故选D。 23.A根据前文“Along with each note”可知，美元纸币是随信附 上的，也就是包含一张一美元钞票。故选A。 24.B根据后文“443 random acts of kindness”可知，此处指的是 善举。故选B。 25.D根据前文“The letters took him more than24 hours'”可知， 此处指写这些信他用了超过24小时的时间才完成。故选D。 26.B根据后文“443 random acts of kindness can start a ripple effect'”可知，校长想通过写信告诉学生们个人的善举很重要， 可以产生涟漪效应。故选B。 27.B根据前文“443 random acts of kindness can start a ripple effect'”可知，443次随机的善举可以产生涟漪效应，在世界上 创造有意义的变化。故选B。 28.A根据常识和后文“his seniors during the school's graduation ceremony'”可知，校长要在毕业典礼上向毕业生们发表讲话。 故选A。 29.C根据前文“an absolute honor'”可推知，校长把为这个优秀的 集体服务视为一种荣誉。故选C。 30.A根据后文校长的话“Inside that letter,there's a single dollar bill'”和“but if443 kids are doing random acts of kindness every day,it has a huge”可推知，校长想通过这一美元传递给 学生们一些观念，即想给他们留下一些东西。故选A。 31.B根据后文“but if443 kids are doing random acts of kindness every day,it has a huge'”可知，前后句为转折关系，前文指一 美元似乎微不足道。故选B。 32.C根据前文“if443 kids are doing random acts of kindness every day”可推知，如果443个孩子每天都在做随机的善举，那 就会产生巨大的影响。故选C。 学霸黑白题47 33.D make out辨认出；talk about谈论；track down追踪；pass on传递。根据后文“the kindness one day and make other people feel important and appreciated'”可知，此处指把这份善 意传递下去并影响其他人。故选D。 34.A根据前文“But at Mansfield ISD's Summit High School, the Class of 2025 received something ...-a personal letter from their headmaster.”和“HHeadmaster Jason Mutterer went above and beyond by personally writing 443...letters with specific thanks.”可知，校长给学生的临别信和一美元纸币是一 份特殊的临别礼物。故选A。 35.C根据后文“to go out into the world and pay it forward”可 知，校长鼓励学生走出去，把这份善意传递下去，这是一个挑 战。故选C。 第二节 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在北京经济技术开发 区举办的世界首个类人机器人半程马拉松赛事，包括赛事路线、规 则、意义以及比赛结果等。 36.competing考查非谓语动词。此处为非谓语动词作定语， competitors与compete为主动关系，用现在分词competing。 故填competing。 37.The考查冠词。此处特指上文提到的“machine competitors'”,用定冠词the,句首单词首字母大写。故填The。 38.as考查介词。此处为周定搭配think of.as..,意为 “把…看作…”。故填as。 39.those考查代词。此处作介词1ike的宾语，且无提示词，所以 此处使用代词，结合句意，此处为同类异物特指，应用that/ those,上文rules为复数，故用代词those。故填those。 40.challenges考查名词复数。challenge为可数名词，根据后文 列举的内容可知，此处应用复数形式challenges。.故填 challenges.。 41.and考查连词。此处连接uneven pavements,communication drops和the unpredictability of the outdoors三个并列名词短 语，用连词and。故填and。 42.serves考查动词时态。此处为谓语动词，描述客观事实，用 一般现在时，主语The event是第三人称单数，所以谓语动词 用serves。故填serves。 43.developers考查名词复数。空处应用名词作宾语，结合句意 可知，developer“开发者”符合题意，可数名词，根据后文 “enthusiasts and companies”可知，此处应用复数形式 developers,与后文构成并列关系。故填developers.。 44.secured考查动词时态。此处为谓语动词，与上文的谓语动 词“crossed”以及“came”并列，描述过去发生的事情，用一般过 去时，所以谓语动词为secured。故填secured。 45.filled考查非谓语动词。根据固定搭配be filled with“充满” 可知，用过去分词fled与isn't构成一般现在时的被动语态的 否定形式。故填filled。 第三部分写作 第一节 口参考范文 How to Tell Stories of China in English as a Group Good morning,everyone!Today I'd like to share my ideas about our group project "Tell Stories of China in English".While many groups encounter challenges,teamwork can make it achievable！ In my opinion,this English project will offer us a good chance to have a better understanding of our country's traditions and cultures.As we know,traditions and cultures cover a wide range of elements.What tops the priority is to choose a suitable topic for your project.Besides,the project involves tasks varying from researching to scripting and doing PPT as well as giving a presentation.Each member in the group should be assigned tasks according to their interests and talents Remember,creativity matters more than perfection!Let's embrace our culture and learn together. Thanks for your listening! 高 下 ⊕语言积累 高级表达 1.encounter challenges遇到挑战 2.in one's opinion在某人看来 3.offer sb.a good chance给某人提供一个好机会 4.a wide range of广泛的；各种各样的 5.top the priority列为首要任务 6.vary from,to…从…到…不等；在…到…之间变化 高级句型 1.While many groups encounter challenges,teamwork can make it achievable！(运用了while引导的让步状语从句) 2.What tops the priority is to choose a suitable topic for your project.(运用了what引导的主语从句) 第二节 ©前情回顾 作者和妻子开车从夏洛特去温泉城滑雪，途中车的引擎区域 突然发出巨响，发现是发动机皮带因漏油而损坏断裂，他们被困在 路上。一位名叫史蒂夫的先生停下帮忙，他开车带作者去附近的 汽配店买了新皮带，回来后和作者一起更换，但新皮带始终无法正 确安装，他们只好放弃。作者联系了流动修理工，对方称因在周五 高峰时段，最早要到下午6点才能到，这意味着他们要在寒冷的山 路上等好几个小时，甚至可能错过第二天的滑雪。 Q思路点拨 ①由第一段首句内容“看到我们的失望，Steve提出了一个解决办 法.”可知，第一段可描写Steve提出借车的建议、作者的反应以 及他们顺利前往目的地的过程。 ②由第二段首句内容“经过快乐的滑雪之后，我打电话给Steve, 如约归还他的车。”可知，第二段可描写归还车辆时的情景，包 括作者致谢、Steve的回应以及作者的感悟。 Q词类激活 行为类 ①感谢某人：thank sb../express gratitude to sb ②玩得开心：have a great time/enjoy oneself ③传递：pass on/,spread 情绪类 ①吃惊的：surprised/.amazed/.astonished ②高兴地：happily/.joyfully/merrily 口参考范文 Paragraph 1: Seeing our disappointment,Steve offered a solution.He said that he lived nearby and could lend us his car,which was parked not far away.I was surprised and asked if he was sure,as I didn't want to trouble him.He smiled and said it was no problem,adding that he could get a ride home from his friend.We thanked him repeatedly and drove his car to Hot Springs,where we had a great time preparing for the next day's ski. Paragraph 2: After a great ski time,I called Steve to return his car as promised.When we met,I gave him a small gift to show our thanks,which he accepted happily.He told me that helping others made him feel good,and that he hoped I would do the same for someone else.I promised I would,knowing that kindness is something we should pass on.We said goodbye,and I felt lucky to have met such a warm-hearted person. 母语言积累 高级表达 1.trouble sb.麻烦某人 2.get a ride home搭车▣家 3.thank sb..repeatedly反复感谢某人 4.pass on传递；继续；去世 高级句型 1.He said that he lived nearby and could lend us his car,which was parked not far away.(运用了that引导的其语从句和which 引导的非限制性定语从句) 2.I was surprised and asked if he was sure,as I didn't want to trouble him.(运用了if引导的宾语从句和as引导的原因状语 从句) 学霸黑白题48