Week 9 Friday 阅读理解-【学霸黑白题】2025-2026学年高一英语下册

阅读理解 Friday Week 9 白题 主题：走路与健康 难度：★★★★ 建议用时：8min 参考答案：P32 Walking 10,000 steps a day has long been a fitness cliche.But new research suggests that the health benefits of walking increase until about 7,000 steps. The analysis examined data from 57 studies and found that even moderate amounts of walking were associated with a lower risk of dementia and cardiovascular disease,among other conditions, adding to various research tying walking to longevity. While most scientific reviews have looked at how higher step counts are linked to lower risk of cardiovascular disease and death,the new analysis examined associations across a much broader range of conditions.For example,the study found that walking 7,000 steps a day was associated with a lower risk of Type 2 diabetes,depressive symptoms and cancer death,when compared with 2,000 steps.In the study,increasing from 2,000 to 4,000 steps a day was associated with a 36 percent lower risk of death,while going from 4,000 to 7,000 was linked to a 17 percent lower risk. 10,000 steps is more myth than science.The analysis found there was no significant difference in the risk of falls,cancer and Type 2 diabetes between people who walked 7,000 versus 10,000 steps per day.The health benefits of walking are like juicing an orange:The first few squeezes give the most juice,but after a while,things start to dry up. "The new data only shows a correlation and cannot prove that walking caused these health benefits.After all,people who walk more tend to be more healthy,potentially muddying the results,"said Dr.Seth Martin,a cardiologist.The specific risk reduction for dementia should also be explained carefully,since it was based on just two studies.Experts also say that intensity still matters. Higher step counts are not harmful-but nobody needs to feel guilty if they can't hit 10,000. "Getting up and moving has got to be the top priority,"Dr.Knowles,a cardiologist said.So,on your daily walk,consider picking up the pace or choosing a route with stairs. ⑨ 1.How did the researchers carry out the study? A.By turning to findings of previous studies.B.By conducting a questionnaire survey. C.By observing the behavior of the participants.D.By comparing the results of two groups. 2.What does the author want to show by the analogy(比喻)of“juicing an orange'”? A.Walking 7,000 steps is acceptable. B.Walkers need proper walking pattern. C.The gains flatten further beyond certain steps.D.We may be exhausted because of walking. 3.What's the main idea of Paragraph 5? A.The explanation of the research. B.The limitation of the research. C.The researchers of the analysis. D.The mistakes by the research 4.What would relevant researchers agree? A.10,000 steps are totally useless. B.Any steps are good steps. C.7,000 steps are essential daily. D.More steps mean more benefits. 高一下英语·0黑白题121 黑题 Week 9 Saturday 阅读理解+完形填空 +应用文写作 一、阅读理解 Most people in the Netherlands are convinced that their consumption patterns affect the environment.Many of them are looking for ways to reduce their carbon footprints.However,the reality is more complicated,according to Levon Amatuni,who studied car sharing and the reuse of phones.He used computer science and mathematics to model and measure the benefits of such practices. His research shows users of car-sharing platforms reduce their impact by only 3 to 18 percent-much less than 51 or 37 percent claimed in previous research.This is caused by so-called "rebound effects",which are rarely accounted for by companies or even researchers. For example,shared vehicles are replaced with new models more frequently than private cars. Additionally,the introduction of sharing schemes()can encourage people to drive when they would have otherwise taken public transport.These rebound effects turn out to be highly in fluential.Amatuni also found users of sharing platforms don't significantly reduce their driving. "And if they do,they often take buses and trains,which aren't emission-free,"he says.While public transport is usually a better option,its impact is not negligible.So,this data must be included to make an accurate assessment. Similarly,Amatuni discovered that a second-hand phone only offsets()about one-third of a new phone's production.Rebound effects are the cause.If people couldn't sell their old devices, they would use them for longer. In other words,reuse extends the lifetime of a device-by giving it a new owner-but also shortens it,as people tend to sell their newly bought devices sooner. Amatuni doesn't want people to conclude taking small steps towards sustainability is pointless. "Our intentions are still what's most important,"he says,"but meanwhile,people need to realise there're no easy fixes."He recommends prioritising overall consumption reduction rather than continuing current habits while trying to make them more efficient. ⑨ 1. What is the focus of Amatuni's research? A.The ways of reducing people's carbon footprint.B.The benefits of car sharing and phone reuse. C.The damage of transport to the environment.D.The use of computer science and mathematics. 2.What does the underlined word "negligible"in Paragraph 3 mean? A.Small. B.Permanent. C.Direct. D.Immediate. 3.Which of the following represents a phone rebound effect? A.Buying new phones often. B.Keeping old phones in use. C.Taking care of new phones. D.Selling used phones cheaply. 4.What is Amatuni's suggestion on promoting sustainability? A.Stop eco-friendly habits. B.Increase production efficiency. C.Reduce total resource use. D.Seek easy solutions to eco-crisis. 122英语·0黑白题高一下景观”以及下文“Instead,it is about taking practical steps to build adaptability in an increasingly unpredictable climate.”指出 相反，它是关于采取切实可行的措施，在日益不可预测的气候 中建立适应性。上下文提到洪水的影响范围更广，但应对洪水 不应是恐惧，而是采取措施，空处应承上启下，说明应对洪水灾 害应有的态度。E选项“但应对洪水风险并不是要害怕最坏的 情况”符合语境，其中fearing the worst与下文taking practical steps形成对比。故选E。 2.D下文提出一系列为洪水做准备的具体措施，可知空处应该 是对下文措施的一个总结性陈述。D选项“你知道得越多，准备 得就越充分”符合语境，引出下文一系列为洪水做准备的具体 措施。故选D 3.C上文“Develop an evacuation plan for your family and pets, deciding on safe exit routes and temporary shelter locations Check on neighbors,especially the elderly or vulnerable,and consider including them in your plan..”介绍了应对洪水灾害时应 制定疏散计划，包括确定安全出口路线和临时避难所位置，以 及检查邻居的情况并将他们纳人计划中。空处应承接上文，进 一步说明制定疏散计划时的注意事项。C选项“确定你们在分 离时的会合地点”符合语境，承接上文中的制定疏散计划。故 选C。 4.A上文“During a flood,if you are in immediate danger,.call emergency services.Turn off the main power before evacuating. Local councils can provide emergency shelter if needed..”指出在 洪水期间，如果你面临直接危险，请拨打紧急服务电话。在撤 离前关闭主电源。如有需要，地方议会可以提供紧急避难所， 下文“for it can be fast-flowing and polluted.If you do make contact with floodwater,wash yourself thoroughly afterwards and change your clothes.”提出因为它可能水流湍急且受到污 染。如果你确实接触了洪水，事后要彻底清洗自已并更换衣 服。可知，空处应该是承接上文，且引出下文对于洪水危险的 描述。A选项“避免在洪水中行走或游泳”符合语境，说明要避 免在洪水中行走或游泳，因为洪水可能水流湍急且受到污染。 故选A。 5.F根据下文“as they should be able to send an engineer to ensure it's safe,as well as carry out any repairs”可知，本段介绍 了在恢复供电前，应联系水电供应商，应确保安全。空处应承 接上文，说明在恢复供电前应做的准备工作。F选项“在恢复供 电前联系你的水电供应商”符合语境，引出下文中的水电供应 商可以派工程师来确保安全并进行维修。故选F。 Thursday 一、阅读理解 【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了颜色的客观性问 题，反驳了颜色是主观感知的观点，并通过科学原理和生物进化实 例论证颜色具有客观性，如同温度一样真实存在。 l.B推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的“It might naturally lead you to think nothing has a true color.But perceptual variation is misleading.”可知，人们通常会认为没有什么东西有真正的颜 色，颜色通常是主观的，这是一种误导性的信念。所以关于颜 色的误导性信念是颜色通常是主观的。故选B项。 2.D细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“To determine an object's color,place it beside another object under the same lighting and background conditions.If no differences are detected by observers,the colors are considered the same." 知，为了确定一个物体的颜色，把它放在另一个物体旁边，在相 同的照明和背景条件下。如果没有发现差异，则认为颜色相 同。作者建议在相同条件下进行比较来确定物体的颜色。故 选D项。 3.D推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Colors are also meaningful in the survival and evolution of animals.Many animals use colors strategically to send warning signals or attract mates.For example,some damselfish have ultraviolet patterns that can only be seen by their species,aiding recognition and mating while hiding from predators that cannot perceive ultraviolet 1igt,”可知，作者提到雀鲷鱼是为了证明颜色在动物生存和进 化中具有重要意义这一观点，也就是证明前面提出的关于颜色 具有客观性的论点。故选D项。 高 4.B标题归纳题。文章开篇提到“Is your green my green? Probably not.What appears as pure green to me is likely to look a bit yellowish or bluish to you.”,描述了不同人对颜色感知可 能不同这一现象，后文展开论述，最后一段得出结论“In sum, our ability to determine whether objects are colored the same or differently and the essential roles they play in science suggest that colors are as real and objective as temperature..”可知，颜色 具有客观性，就如同温度一样，不管人们感知如何，颜色有其自 身客观属性。故选项B(绿色就是绿色。)适合作文章标题，故选 B项。 二、语法填空 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。l818年，Mary Shelley出版了小 说《弗兰肯斯坦》。这部小说有个更深刻的意义。作者认为，我们 人类一直认为自已是最优秀的，所以很难接受这样一个事实：科学 家可以改造人的精神和身体，因此未来人们可以创造出真正优于 我们的东西。 l.has been told考查时态和语态。句意：在过去的两个世纪里， 这个故事以无数种不同的形式被一遍又一遍地讲述着。由I the last two centuries和句意可知，句子表示过去两个世纪前发 生，并一直持续到现在，应用现在完成时，且主语this story和动 词tll是被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语是单数， 助动词应用has,故填has been told。 2.deeper 考查形容词比较级。根据“At first sight,the Frankenstein story appears to warn us that if we try to engineer life we will be punished severely.”可知语境是“乍看之下，弗兰 肯斯坦的故事似乎在警告我们，如果我们试图操控生命，我们 将受到严厉的惩罚。实际上这个故事有更深的含义。”，应用 deep的比较级作定语，修饰名词meaning,故填deeper。. 3.As/If考查连词/条件状语从句。此处引导状语从句，可以表 示“随着”或者“如果”，所以用as或者f,位于句首，首字母大 写，故填As/If。 4.like考查介词。此处表示“像”，应用介词like,故填like。 5.possibility考查名词。此处应用名词possibility作宾语，表示 “可能的事”，由te可知，此处特指这件可能的事情，应用单数 故填possibility。 6.whose考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词alien life forms,且关系词在定语从句中作定语，修饰abilities,应用 whose引导定语从句，故填whose: 7.the考查定冠词。由best和句意可知，best表示“最好的”，为 最高级，应用定冠词the,故填the。 8.to improve考查非谓语动词。will fail为谓语，前后无连词，此 处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰attempt,名词attempt后 面需要用不定式作后置定语，故填to improve。 9.accepting考查固定搭配。have a hard time(in)doing为固定 搭配，意为“做某事有困难”，故填accepting。 l0.truly考查副词。此处应用副词truly,修饰形容词superior, 作状语，故填truly。 高考核心词积累：attemptable;attempter Friday 阅读理解 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新研究对每 日步行步数与健康益处关系的探索，指出每日7000步左右时健 康益处达到较高水平后趋于平稳，而非此前普遍认为的10000 步，并分析了该研究的范围、局限性及专家建议。 l.A细节理解题。根据第二段中“The analysis examined data from57 studies”可知，研究人员是通过分析57项先前研究的数 据来开展这项研究的，即参考以往研究的结果，故选A。 2.C推理判断题。根据第四段中“The analysis found there was no significant difference in the risk of falls,cancer and Type 2 diabetes between people who walked 7,000 versus 10,000 steps per day.The health benefits of walking are like juicing an orange:The first few squeezes give the most juice,but after a while,things start to dry up..”可知，作者用“榨橙汁”类比是为 了说明步行的健康益处并非无限增加，超过特定步数（如 7000步)后，益处的增长会趋于平缓，故选C。 3.B段落大意题。第五段提到“新数据仅显示相关性，无法证明 学霸黑白题32 步行是健康益处的成因”“步行多的人可能身体更健壮、饮食更 好，可能影响结果”“痴呆风险降低的结论仅基于两项研究，需 谨慎解读”“步行强度也很重要”，这些内容均是在指出该研究 存在的局限性，而非对研究的解释、介绍研究人员或说明研究 错误，故选B。 4.B推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Higher step counts are not harmful-but nobody needs to feel guilty if they can't hit l0,000.”以及Dr.Knowles提到“Getting up and moving has got to be the top priority”可知，研究人员建议运动，会认同“任何步 数的步行都是有益的，重要的是动起来”。故选B。 Saturday 一、阅读理解 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述的是Levon Amatuni对汽车共享和手机再利用的研究，揭示了这些环保行为 的实际效益远低于预期，并探讨了背后复杂的“反弹效应”及其对 环境影响的真实情况。 l.B细节理解题。根据第一段“who studied car sharing and the reuse of phones.He used computer science and mathematics to model and measure the benefits of such practices.”可知， Amatuni的研究重点是汽车共享和手机重复使用的好处。故 选B。 2.A词义猜测题。根据第三段“they often take buses and trains, which aren't emission-free”可知，他们经常乘坐公共汽车和火 车，这些都不是零排放的；根据“this data must be included to make an accurate assessment'”可知，为了做出准确的评估，必须 包括这些数据，这些数据有用处，说明公共交通的影响并不是 微不足道的，negligible的意思是“微不足道的”，和small意思相 近。故选A。 3.A细节理解题。根据文章可知，文章中“rebound effects(反弹 效应)”的核心定义是：看似环保的行为（如共享汽车、手机再利 用)，因某些间接影响反而削弱了其环保效果，甚至产生负面作 用。根据第四段“Similarly,Amatuni discovered that a second- hand phone only offsets about one-third of a new phone's production.Rebound effects are the cause.If people couldn't sell their old devices,they would use them for longer.”可知，同样， Amatuni发现，二手手机只抵消了新手机产量的三分之一左右。 反弹效应是原因。如果人们不能卖掉他们的旧设备，他们就会 使用更长时间，即手机再利用虽通过给旧手机找新主人延长了 设备寿命，但也导致人们更快卖掉刚买的新手机，最终间接促 使新手机需求增加，削弱环保效果。由此可知，经常买新手机 代表了手机的反弹效应。故选A。 4.C推理判断题。根据最后一段“He recommends prioritising overall consumption reduction rather than continuing current habits while trying to make them more efficient..”可知，他建议 优先考虑整体减少消费，而不是继续目前的习惯，同时试图提 高效率。由此可推断Amatuni对促进可持续发展的建议是减 少总资源的使用。故选C。 二、完形填空 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了寒鸦在早晨聚集 时发出嘈杂声的原因一这是一种聪明的组织群体的方式。 l.C根据前文“Years ago,I lived in the English midlands and would walk the same route along the local canal each evening. 可知，因为作者多年生活在同一个地方，所以会看到熟悉的景 象。故选C项。 2.D根据前文“bird flocks dancing across the landscape'”可知，成 群的寒鸦在田野上飞舞，发出刺耳的嘈杂声，声音从田野上升 起，此起彼伏。故选D项。 3.B根据前文“I would see the 1 sight of bird flocks dancing across the landscape,a distant cacophony 2 above the fields..”可知，寒鸦在聚集时会发出刺耳的嘈杂声，所以这里研 究的是为什么寒鸦聚集时如此吵闹。故选B项。 4.B根据后文“that the morning calls might be a jackdaw version of…”可知，这是该团队提出的一种理论，用来解释寒鸦发出叫 声的原因。故选B项。 5.D根据后文“Each individual's call might6asan‘I'm in!?”和“showing they use calls as a voting system”可知，早晨的 叫声可能是寒鸦在“投票”。故选D项。 参考答案与解析 6.B根据后文“asan‘I'min!?”可知，每个寒鸦的叫声都可以看 作在表示“我加入！”。故选B项。 7.A根据前文“Each individual's call might6_asan‘T'm n!”可知，寒鸦的叫声可理解为在表达“我加入”某项活动，这 也是在协调行动。故选A项。 8.C根据后文“using speakers”和“When extra calls were played” 可推知，研究人员使用扬声器是为了增加早晨的嘈杂声。故选 而 9.B根据最后一段中“the fact that the louder they get,the sooner they'll leave you”可知，越大声，寒鸦会越早离开，所以用 扬声器播放额外的声音时，它们离开得更早。故选B项。 10.A根据后文“because they get more social information like where to find food”可知，单个的寒鸦能获得更多有用信息，所 以它们从中受益。故选A项。 ll.C in defense of防御；in control of控制；at risk of有…的危 险；at the sight of一看见。根据前文和“They can also maximize their time spent finding food”"可知，这里在讲单个寒 鸦从群体中获得的好处，所以，它们“被其他狩猎者捕食的风 险也更小”，也是益处之一。故选C项。 l2.D根据后文“it's been reported in other species as well'”可知， 这种决策并不是寒鸦独有的。故选D项。 l3.B根据前文“Each individual's call might6asan‘I'm in!',helping them coordinate their7,”可知，寒鸦通过叫 声来协调行动，所以早晨寒鸦的聒噪是一种组织大群体的聪 明方式。故选B项。 l4.A根据后文“by the noise'”和“find comfort in the fact that”可 知，被寒鸦的噪音困扰，所以才会想去找到安慰。故选A项。 15.C根据前文“the sooner they'll leave you”可知，寒鸦离开，你 就能恢复平静。故选C项。 三、应用文写作 口参考范文 Dear friends from Britain, Knowing that you'll come to study in China and show great interest in Chinese culture, I'm more than delighted to welcome you. I highly recommend a trial class in calligraphy offered by our school.Calligraphy is the art of producing beautiful writing with brushes.It is not only a technique for writing Chinese characters but also a way to bring people inner peace.The course is given by Mr.Chen,who is experienced in this field and popular with students.It's given at 9:00 a.m.every Saturday in school library and is especially suitable for beginners. I really hope you will enjoy your stay and I'm sure you will fall in love with the rich traditional Chinese culture. Yours, Li Hua ⊕语言积累 高级表达 1.show great interest in对…很有兴趣 2.be experienced in this field在这个领域很有经验 3.be suitable for适合… 高级句型 1.Knowing that you'll come to study in China and show great interest in Chinese culture,I'm more than delighted to welcome you.(运用了非谓语动词作状语和that引导的宾语从句) 2.The course is given by Mr.Chen,who is experienced in this field and popular with students.(运用了由who引导的非限制性 定语从句) Sunday 高频词块积累：1.terms2.expert3.out4.vain5.over 6.restricted 7.practical 8.independent 9.sight 10.superior 11.fitness 12.words 熟词生义：1.打字；拼写2.汉字 词性拓展：l.determination;determined2.assumption 3.evolution;evolve 4.press 5.conduction 6.drama 7.revolutionary 8.strategy;strategic 9.ecology 10.replace;replaceable 11.associate 12.convince;convincing 13.influence 14.point 学霸黑白题33