专题19 阅读理解--细节理解、字词猜测题精讲-2026届中考英语总复习（人教版）

专题19 阅读理解--细节理解、字词猜测题精讲 细节理解题 该题型主要考查学生快速定位和准确提取信息的能力。 “一圈二定三对比”助力解答细节推断题 1.“圈” 圈画出题干中的关键词，题干中除了用来提问的 “what、who、where、when、how、why...”等疑问词以外，还要注意出现的专有名词（人名、地名等），以及表示时间、数字、动作、因果关系等的词汇 2.“定” 通过扫读快速回原文寻找含有对应关键词的语句，确定答题依据 3.“对比” 将定位到的对应信息和选项进行对比，通过关键词前后的转折性词汇（but/however）、并列结构（and前后的感情色彩一致）、同义替换（look after与take good care of）等方法确定答案 正确选项特征： ·正确选项是尊重原文或基于原文进行合乎逻辑的推理、归纳总结得出的。 ·正确选项通常使用原文中的同义词或相似结构，不会采用与原文完全一样的词句。 ·正确选项通常是对原文词句、段落的归纳或推理。 ·正确选项通常采用改编原文句子结构或转变原文叙述角度的方式设置。 干扰项特征： 含绝对化词汇（如never、all）或与关键词无关的内容。 口诀记忆 魏蜀吴过 魏:未正确理解文章内容的选项 蜀:属原文信息的选项 吴:无中生有的选项（符合常识，但文中未提及） 过：过度推理的选项 例题1 China has become the world's largest producer and market of EVs（电车）. According to a report, 9.587 million Chinese-made EVs were produced and 9.495 million were sold in 2023. Among the total sales, 1.2 million EVs were exported（出口）. The Chinese government has been encouraging EVs as part of its effort for green, high-quality development. As a result, China's EV industry develops very quickly. At Auto（汽车） China 2004, BYD was the only company showing EVs there. At Auto China 2024, there were 278 different EV models on show, including BYD, SAIC, Geely, Li Auto, Nio, Xpeng and other brands（品牌）. China's EV industry is now facing both challenges and chances. It's reported that 71% of EV brands cut prices in 2023. EV makers without the ability of innovation（创新） will face growing risks. In order to be both green and smart, Chinese EV makers are trying hard to improve technologies like battery qualities and AI support. At the same time, the government is adding even more charging points（充电站）. On the other hand, more Chinese people are aware of the environmental problems. It is encouraging more buyers to choose EVs. EVs are the way of the future. In an ideal world, everyone benefits from innovation and green transport. Some might get there sooner than others, and will gain greater rewards. It is very likely that China will hold the lead. 细节推断题 EV makers can most probably reduce growing risks by _ _ _ _ . A．improving innovation ability B．winning the government's support C．adding more charging points D．dealing with environmental problems 解题步骤 （结合解题技巧分析文中的线索，填写关键信息） Step 1 圈出题干中的关键词 Step 2 通过扫读定位原文对应内容 根据题干中的关键词可定位到第三段中的第三句“EV makers without the ability of innovation will face growing risks.”和第四句“...Chinese EV makers are trying hard to improve technologies like battery qualities and AI support.” 逻辑链： 缺乏创新→风险增加→改进技术，也就是说“技术创新”是解决方案。 Step 3 分析选项，排除干扰项，确定答案 选项 分析 A. improving innovation ability 与原文中的ability of innovation直接对应，是电车制造商减少风险的核心方法 B. winning the government's support 虽然政府支持对行业发展有帮助，但文中并未提到这是电车制造商减少风险的方法 C. adding more charging points 增加充电站可以推动电车行业的发展，但并不是电车制造商减少风险的手段 D. dealing with environmental problems 应对环境问题是消费者选择购买电车的原因之一，但文中并未提及这是电车制造商减少风险的方法 分析：题干问的是电车制造商如何减少风险，需聚焦企业自身能力，比如技术创新等，而非外部因素，所以正确答案为A项。 例2 [2024安徽节选]Miss Patty always wanted to do something with her spare time to help the students. After a conversation with one of the students, things took a turn from knitting one hat to knitting more hats. “The one boy gets on the bus, and he goes ‘What are you doing?’ I said,‘I'm making a hat.’ He said, ‘It would be great having such a warm hat in icy winter.’ So I said,‘What color would you like?’ That started everything.” Miss Patty told the local newspaper. 问： What made Miss Patty decide to knit more hats?（ ） A. A drive to Erie County. B. A show of colorful hats. C. A letter in the newspaper. D. A conversation with a boy. 解题步骤： Step 1 画出题干关键信息。 关键信息大致有3类：特殊疑问词，人名、地名、时间等关键名词（短语）与关键动词（短语）。 Step 2 回文定位。 由题干中的knit more hats定位到节选第一段的画线处。文章提到“在和一位学生谈话后”，下文提到学生是个男孩。 Step 3 对比选项。 D选项与原文内容表述相符。 易错提示 细节理解题的选项不一定和定位的原文用词完全一致，有些是同义转述。因此不能仅凭与原文相同的词找答案，更重要的是看原文和选项所表达的意思是否相符。如2024年北京中考题中的一个正确选项“A simple action could bring a long-term effect.”是原文中“a simple action could truly have a lasting influence”的同义转述。 事件排序题 事件排序题多出现在记叙文中，要求按事件发生顺序对所给内容进行排序。 匹配定位法 例3 [2024江西节选]Ed was a professional football player, but in 2017 （c） he had an accident in a swimming pool. After that, he couldn't move his body from the shoulders down. ...He spent six days （b）staring at his toes（脚趾） and trying to make them move—and, finally, he succeeded! This was the start of a long journey. ... Only a year after his accident, （d）Ed climbed the highest mountain in Wales. Since then he has also climbed a 6,500-meter mountain in Nepal and he said that after each big climb he noticed his body could do new movements. Two years later, 31-year-old Ed climbed 8,848.86 meters, the height of the world's highest mountain, （e）by going up and down his parents' stairs 2,783 times. ... Ed hopes his story can help people. That's why （a） he started his own charity, M2M, which aims to support “people facing challenges in life”. Put the events about Ed into the correct order according to the passage.（ ） a. Ed started M2M. b. Ed succeeded in making his toes move. c. Ed had an accident in a swimming pool. d. Ed climbed the highest mountain in Wales. e. Ed climbed his parents' stairs2,783 times. A. c-e-b-d-a B. c-b-d-e-a C. e-a-b-d-c D. e-b-d-c-a 解题步骤： Step 1 画出a、b、c、d、e事件中的关键信息。 名称、数字等信息有助于快速回文定位。 Step 2 回文定位。 根据所列事件，在原文中勾画出对应内容并标记a、b、c、d、e。 Step 3 对比选项。 B选项正确。 随堂训练 （1） （25-26九年级上·浙江杭州·期末）Learning English can be fun and easy with apps! Here are some great apps for you. App Name What is it? Why is it good? Liulishuo An app with many short, interesting dialogues and stories. The topics are fun (like school life, hobbies, science). You can listen, then do quick exercises to check your understanding. It starts easy and gets harder slowly. Hello Talk An app to connect with real people from around the world. You can find an English-speaking friend who is learning Chinese. You can help each other! You can correct (纠正) each other’s sentences easily in the chat. Shanbay Reading An app to make reading English easier, smarter, and more fun. The app has thousands of articles and books. You are sure to find something interesting here. The app can help you choose articles that match your English level. Duolingo A very famous app that feels like a game. You can practice repeating sentences. The app listens and gives you scores! It has cute characters and you win points and levels. It makes practice fun. 1．What can you do in Liulishuo? A．Listen to stories and do exercises. B．Write Chinese sentences. C．Talk with people around the world. D．Read many English books. 2．Which app helps you learn English with a friend from another country? A．Liulishuo. B．Hello Talk. C．Shanbay Reading. D．Youdao Dictionary. 3．What is the main purpose of these apps according to the passage? A．To help students play games in English. B．To help students talk to teachers online. C．To help students learn English in a fun way. D．To help students write English stories. （2） （25-26九年级上·浙江杭州·期末） Stay Safe in the Sun The sun is good for your body. Sunshine helps your body make vitamin D．Vitamins help keep your body strong and healthy. The sun can also be dangerous. Here are some ways to stay safe in the sun. Protect Your Skin Too much sun can give you a sunburn. A sunburn makes your skin red and sore. Use sunscreen to protect your skin. Sunscreen keeps you from getting a sunburn. You can also wear a hat with a brim. The brim protects your face from the sun. Wearing a hat can keep your face from getting a sunburn. You cannot see the sun on a cloudy day. But sunshine goes through clouds. That is why there is light on a cloudy day. You need to protect your skin even if it is a cloudy day. Protect Your Eyes Too much sunshine can hurt your eyes. Try not to look right at the sun. The sun is very bright and it can hurt your eyes. Wearing a hat with a brim can help keep the sun out of your eyes. Sunglasses can protect your eyes from the sun. Sunglasses are dark. They let only a little bit of light go into your eyes. 1．In what way is sunshine good for us? A．Avoiding sunburn. B．Protecting our eyes. C．Keeping skin from redness. D．Producing vitamin D． 2．What can we do to protect our skin according to the text? A．Go out only on cloudy days. B．Put on dark sunglasses. C．Avoid looking right at the sun. D．Wear a hat to protect the face. 3．In which part of the magazine can we read the text? A．Health. B．Sports. C．Art. D．Space. （3） （2025·福建南平·一模）In China, many young people are doing amazing things. These young people are very confident and they know what they want to do. They work hard every day to make their dreams come true. Four of them make significant contributions to technology and culture. Liang Wenfeng Graduated from: Peking University Company: DeepSeek He made great contributions to the development of artificial intelligence with DeepSeek’s advanced AI technologies. Jiaozi (Yang Yu) Graduated from: Sichuan University Company: Chengdu Cocoa Bean Animation His movie Ne Zha 2 is a box-office hit. His movies not only bring joy to the audience but also inspire the development of the domestic animation industry. Wang Xingxing Graduated from: Zhejiang University Company: Unitree Robotics In 2025, when Unitree Robotics “YangBOT” appeared on the Spring Festival Gala, they attracted many people’s attention. Many people liked their products because they can help people in many ways. Feng Ji Graduated from: Huazhong University of Science and Technology Company: Game Science His work Black Myth: Wukong has drawn wide attention. It is very popular because he combines traditional Chinese culture with modern animation techniques. 1．What is the name of Jiaozi’s most popular movie? A．Black Myth: Wukong B．Ne Zha 2 C．YangBOT dance D．DeepSeek 2．Why is Wang Xingxing’s work important? A．Because he is a famous movie director. B．Because he created a popular video game. C．Because he graduated from Peking University. D．Because they can help people in many ways. 3．What is special about Feng Ji’s creation, Black Myth: Wukong? A．It mixes traditional culture with modern techniques. B．It is a popular quadruped robot. C．It is a box-office hit movie. D．It focuses on artificial intelligence. 4．What do Liang Wenfeng, Jiaozi, Wang Xingxing, and Feng Ji have in common? A．They all founded companies. B．They are all famous for their work in technology. C．They all graduated from the same university. D．They are are confident and work hard to achieve their dreams. 5．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Young people in China are only interested in technology. B．Four young people are making contributions to technology and culture. C．Chinese animation is the most popular in the world. D．All young people in China are afraid to try new things. （4） （2025·天津南开·二模） During the Tang Dynasty (618—907), Emperor Taizong asked the prime minister Feng Deyi to find talented (有才能的) people. However, several months passed, Feng didn’t find anyone. “I tried my best, but there are not talented people at all,” Feng said. “People are like utensils (器物). What-we need to do is to make good use of their strengths. You should blame (责怪) yourself for not noticing talented people. How could you say that there are not talented people in our country?” said the emperor. It is true that each utensil has a specific (特定的) function. A knife is made to cut things while chopsticks are made to pick up food. We can’t use a knife as a chopstick. Like a utensil, each person has his or her strength. Nobody is perfect. We can’t expect a person to be good at everything. With this idea in mind, Emperor Taizong discovered many talented people of different backgrounds. He gave them important jobs, which helped them make the most of their talents. His talented people helped the society develop and created a “golden age”. 1．How long did Feng Deyi spend finding talented people? A．A few days. B．Several weeks. C．Several months. D．Over a year. 2．Why couldn’t Feng find any talented people? A．He did not like talented people. B．He was not pleased with the emperor. C．There were not talented people in the country. D．His standards for talented people were wrong. 3．Knives and chopsticks are compared to ________ according to the story. A．jobs B．people C．food D．strengths 4．Which of the following was Emperor Taizong’s idea about talented people? A．Each person has a particular strength. B．Talented people should be good at everything. C．Feng Deyi will never be a talented person. D．People of different backgrounds cannot be talented. 5．What does the story mainly want to tell us? A．Chances are always left for those who are ready. B．There are few talented people so it’s hard to find them. C．A good leader should use people’s abilities in the right way. D．The success of a society depends only on the abilities of its leader. （5） （25-26九年级上·江西赣州·期末） National Storytelling Festival · WhatThe National Storytelling Festival is usually held in October. Anyone can tell a story. To be a good storyteller, you might practice for six months or more. Storytelling is as much an art as dancing, acting, or making music. The storyteller can be seen and heard in this three-day festival. · When, Where and WhoOn Friday, the first day of the festival, storytellers will tell stories in a special tent (帐篷). And local school children are invited to come to listen. All people, especially kids, enjoy the Youthful Voices concerts, where young storytellers between the ages of 5 and 18 share their stories. Young people love Historical Story concerts. The concerts take place in a big, open-air park on Saturday night. Five storytellers tell historical stories for listeners. Want to listen to grandparents telling folk tales and stories about their old days? Come to the National Storytelling Festival on Sunday night.＊Address: 116 W. Main St., Jonesborough, TN ＊Phone number: 423/753-2171 ＊Price: $155/grown-up $135/kid 1．What can people enjoy on Saturday night? A．Traditional stories.B．Historical stories. C．Old stories. D．Love stories. 2．If Tom aged 15 and his parents want to attend the festival, how much should they pay? A．$270. B．$310. C．$445. D．$540. 3．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage ? A．The National Storytelling Festival is held in a small closed park every year. B．People can listen to grandparents’ folk tales on Saturday night at the festival. C．Only professional storytellers can take part in the National Storytelling Festival. D．Young storytellers aged 5 to 18 can share their stories at the Youthful Voices concerts. （6） （24-25九年级上·江西赣州·期末）Exploring (探索) your hometown can be a really nice adventure. Often we’re so busy with our daily work that we barely notice the beauty of the area we live in. As the weather gets warmer, it’s the perfect chance to find the cool places in your town or city, maybe with someone you trust to show you around. Here are some ideas to get started with your local exploring. Imagine being a tourist in your own town We often don’t pay attention to the special places that make our area different, the very places we’d suggest to a visiting friend. Think about it: Where would you take someone who’s never been to your town before? You might look at an old building, walk in a beautiful park, or treat yourself at that new ice cream place you’ve wanted to try. ①________ Spend some time online or talk to an adult about places you could go. Imagine you’re a visitor: What places in your city would you like to see? You might find a museum or zoo with display you haven’t seen before, or you could decide to go to a park for a walk. ②________ With an adult’s help, look up walking tours in your city to see it in a new way. Some tours focus on special themes like food, history, or parks. You can also search for free walking tours you can do on your own in your area. ③________ Looking at your town through a camera can show you new things. Choose a theme for your photos, like buildings, rivers and lakes, or animals and plants in your area. These things make your city special. After your walk, you’ll have lots of photos to look back on and remember your local adventures. 1．What does the underlined word “barely” in Paragraph 1 mean? A．Hardly. B．Excitedly. C．Quietly. D．Slowly. 2．What does the writer suggest when we imagine being a visitor in our hometown? A．He reminds us to go to shopping centers. B．He wants us to think about our daily things. C．He asks us to ask for suggestions from friends. D．He encourages us to think of where to take visitors. 3．Match the title with each part. a. Choose a guided tour    b. Start a photo walk    c. Notice the beauty around you d. Check out local places to visit    e. Being a guide in your own town A．①-b, ②-c, ③-d B．①-b, ②-c, ③-e C．①-d, ②-a, ③-b D．①-a, ②-e, ③-b 4．What would be the best structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 5．Which of the followings can be the best title? A．Find Something Special B．Explore Your Home Town C．Relax in Your Free Time D．Try to Show More Friends Around Your Town （7） （25-26九年级上·山东济南·期末）Good books have great power to change our lives. They can take us to faraway places and teach us lessons we never forget. Here are some wonderful books to enjoy. When Shadows Fall by Sita Brahmachari It tells the story of Kai, Orla, and Zak, which shows their connections, dreams, and problems in a simple way. The book inspires readers to follow their own dreams and face life’s tests with courage. The Last Lecture by Randy Pausch This book shares the writer’s final speech about his life. He had a serious illness but taught how to dream, beat hard times, and live fully. This book takes readers on a journey of his ups and downs, and it’s a must-read for all. The Silver Chain by Jion Sheibani Azadeh, a 16-year-old girl, plays the violin to search for comfort while starting a new school, facing friend troubles, and dealing with home issues. The story is fun and helps us see how she grows and learns about herself. The Sisterhood of the Traveling Pants by Ann Brashares It is about four friends on summer adventures. A magical pair of jeans keeps them close. It shows being independent, true friendship, and the challenges of growing up. Young people will find it easy to connect with. Welcome to our online book sharing meeting at www.bestreading.com! It will be held from 9:00 am to 11:00 am on February 6th. Come talk freely about these four great books. 1．What does When Shadows Fall tell? A．Fame and wealth. B．Dreams and courage. C．Problems and solutions. D．Family and health. 2．Which book does NOT mention friendship? A．When Shadows Fall. B．The Last Lecture. C．The Silver Chain. D．The Sisterhood of the Traveling Pants. 3．How does Azadeh deal with her problems? A．By talking with family. B．By making friends. C．By playing the violin. D．By going to a new school. 4．What can we learn about the meeting from the last paragraph? A．It will be held online. B．It is not free for students. C．It lasts for three hours. D．It is about five great books. 5．What is the main purpose of the text? A．To sell the books online. B．To help get on with others. C．To tell the writers’ lives. D．To invite book discussions. （8） （25-26九年级上·山东济南·期末）China is a nation of etiquette (礼仪). Chinese people are among the most hospitable people in the world. If foreigners visit a Chinese family, they will be surprised at the warmth that they will receive as guests. When you visit a Chinese family, the host usually makes tea for you. Then he will serve you snacks (小吃) like biscuits and candy. Someone in the family will also chat with you, never letting you feel lonely. At the same time, other family members will prepare a meal for you. Chinese people treat (款待) their guests with a big meal. They always prepare more food than the guest can eat and the guest must be the first to eat. Perhaps one of the things that surprises a Western guest most is that the Chinese host likes to pick food for visitors, which won’t happen at Western tables. The Chinese family goes out of their way to make you feel at home. As you are done eating, the host usually says, “It seems that you didn’t eat much. Please have more.” Although you tell them you are full, they still put more food in your bowl. Being warm and hospitable has long been an important part of Chinese culture and tradition. As Confucius (孔子) said thousands of years ago: ▲ 1．What does the underlined word “hospitable” mean in this passage? A．Happy B．Hard-working C．Honest D．Friendly 2．As a guest in a Chinese family, you are usually offered ________ by the host. A．tea and snacks B．juice and cakes C．coffee and candies D．milk and chocolates 3．Why does a Western visitor feel surprised when the host picks food for him? A．Because he thinks it’s not polite. B．Because it won’t happen in Western countries. C．Because he thinks it’s not necessary. D．Because he doesn’t want to eat it. 4．What the Chinese family does for the guests is to ________. A．make them feel uncomfortable B．show their wealth C．make them feel at home D．make them surprised 5．Which of the following sentences can be put in ▲ in the last paragraph? A．“What you do not want done to yourself, do not do to others.” B．“Keep what you say and carry out what you do.” C．“Isn’t it pleasant to learn and timely review what has been learned?” D．“Is it not a pleasure to meet friends coming from far places?” （9） （2025·浙江杭州·三模）①Have you noticed how quiet restaurants have become? Instead of lively conversations, most people sit staring at their phones. A recent study found that 70% of teenagers prefer texting to face-to-face talks. But are we really connecting, or just exchanging emojis? ②First, let’s consider what we’re losing. Real conversations teach us important skills like reading expressions on faces and tones of voice. These “soft skills” help us make friends and succeed at work. When we only communicate through phones, we miss these learning chances. Experts call this “social malnutrition”—when our communication diet lacks real human connection. ③Moreover, online communication is like last food, quick and satisfying but not very nutritious (有营养的). A text can never take the place of the warmth of a hug or the light in someone’s eyes when they laugh. Our phones give us thousands of connections, but how many real friends do we have? When did “friends” become just names on a screen? ④Additionally, we’re forgetting how to focus on the moment. At dinner, instead of talking, everyone just looks at their phones. We’re losing the ability to truly listen to each other. But imagine being outside in nature—no phone noises, just the wind in the trees and real conversations. ⑤In short, technology won’t disappear, but we must control it instead of letting it control us. Next time you’re with friends, try putting phones away. You might rediscover the joy of real connection. After all, humans have lived for thousands of years before smartphones were invented—surely we can manage a meal without them! 1．What do the underlined words “social malnutrition” mean in paragraph 2? A．Making friends while working. B．Sending too many emojis online. C．Missing real communication skills. D．Using phones while eating with friends. 2．Why does the author compare online communication to fast food? A．Because it’s becoming more popular. B．Because it’s cheap and easy to get. C．Because it’s bad for people’s health. D．Because it’s quick but not meaningful. 3．What does the author suggest for better communication? A．Have phone-free meals. B．Use more emojis in texts. C．Send messages more carefully. D．Spend more time on social media. 4．What’s the structure of the passage? A．①②/③/④⑤ B．①/②③④/⑤ C．①/②③/④⑤ D．①②/③④/⑤ 词义猜测题 解题步骤 Step 1 定位原文，精读上下文 找到画线词或短语所在的句子，并仔细阅读其前后的1~2句,上下文一般会提供直接线索。 Step 2 分析关键词和逻辑关系 识别关键词汇（如同义词、反义词、例子）和逻辑信号词（如so、 because、 but）。逻辑关系（因果、转折等）能直接提示词义。例如，so表示前后句子是因果关系，because解释原因。 Step 3 推断词义，排除干扰项 注意：句意猜测题的解题思路与词义猜测的一致 例题1 After the haircut It's getting hot. You go to have your hair cut. The barber Tony cuts off part of your hair and sweeps it away, but your hair's journey is not over after the haircut. Have you ever thought of planting your old hair after it's cut off? Some farmers do! What comes up? Not wigs（假发）, but bigger and tastier crops. Hair is full of nitrogen（氮） that helps plants to grow. When cut hair is mixed into soil, the hair breaks down, slowly letting out nitrogen so it can help flowers and vegetables got big a little faster. If you've got a wool sweater on, you're wearing a sheep's haircut. Sheep grow fine curly（弯曲的） fur called wool. All those curls make air pockets that trap heat, keeping the sheep warm. Farmers shear the sheep in summer, so the sheep don't feel too hot. And we use the hair to make warm clothes, socks, and hats. Wool can even take in rain without feeling wet. Wool also doesn't catch fire easily. What does your hair say about you? Even many years after it has been cut, hair can tell surprising secrets. Because hair is made from bits of old cells, it has trace（微量） of chemicals（化学物质） that were in the body when the hair grew. When people are kept in the situation of dangerous chemicals, these traces remain in the hair, even long after they have disappeared from the body itself. Testing hair can help doctors know if there are dangerous chemicals in the food and water. Hair can tell another important secret—whose hair is it? This can be used to help solve crimes. Hair does so many things for us. It keeps us warm and cool, helps farmers, shows mysteries, and provides endless styling fun. One thing is for sure: it's not just for wigs any more. 词义猜测题 What does the underlined part “shear the sheep” mean?（ ） A．Give enough food to the sheep. B．Wash the sheep many times. C．Find a living place for the sheep. D．Cut the wool off the sheep. 解题步骤 （结合解题技巧分析文中的线索，填写关键信息） Step 1 定位原文，精读上下文 根据画线部分shear the sheep可定位到第 段。精读画线句的上下文，上下文反复提到wool和hair，并强调羊毛的保暖功能。下文中的use the hair表明羊毛被移除和利用。 Step 2 分析关键词和逻辑关系 画线部分所在句中的so是表结果 的连词，由此推出“shear the sheep”是原因，“the sheep don't feel too hot”是结果。 逻辑推断：因果链是“羊毛保暖→羊夏天太热→农民‘shear'羊→羊变凉快”。 Step 3 推断词义，排除干扰项 根据画线部分在情境中的含义推断，“shear the sheep”这一动作完成后，羊夏天不感到热了，并且羊毛用于制衣。所以“shear the sheep”最合理的意思是“剪掉 ““””羊毛”。故正确答案为D项。 上下文语境推断法 例2 [2024福建节选] 问：What does the underlined word “facilitate” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?（ ） A. Expect. B. Create. C. Improve. D. Receive. 例3 [2024四川南充节选] 问：What does the underlined word “precious” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?（ ） A. Valuable and expensive. B. Useful and cheap. C. Special but worthless. D. Simple but priceless. 解题步骤： Step 1 回文定位所猜词。 Step 2 从上下文中找出与生词有逻辑关系或语义关系的关键内容。 逻辑关系：并列关系（and/also/or/...）、对比转折（but/while/however/...）、因果关系（because/so/as/...）、例证关系（for example/such as/like/...）、指代关系（they/it/that/...）等。 语义关系：后文有相关解释内容，如定语、同位语等。 例4 由and可知前后分句为并列关系，都表达大熊猫带来的好处。 例5 “once only...princes”是对“the precious product”的补充说明。糖曾经是皇室专用，说明其价值高。 Step 3 对比选项释义。 例4 C选项符合。 例5 A选项符合。 代词指代题 该题型要求学生根据一定的语境推测代词（如that、this、it、they、them、one等）所指代的内容。理解相关句子的意思及上下文之间的逻辑关系是解题的关键。 三原则 1.一致性原则：代词和它指代的对象在数量、性别上保持一致。she、her指代前面提到的女性，he、him指代前面提到的男性；they、them指代前面提到的两个及以上的人或其他复数可数名词，it指代前面提到的单数可数名词或不可数名词。 2.近指原则：代词应该指代离它最近的且在数量和性别上一致的名词。例如，“My brother and I went to the store. He bought a toy.”中的He应该指代My brother。 3.上下文原则：根据上下文判断代词所指代的内容。例如，“My pen is broken. I need a new one.”中的one所指代的名词是pen。 三步法 Step 1明确指代词位置：代词所在句及前后1~2句是重点关注内容；注意并列句（并列句常由and或but连接）中的指代一致性。 Step 2匹配指代一致性：检查单复数是否匹配（they不能指代单数名词）；确认性别一致性（she不能指代男性）。 Step 3替换搭配法检验：将推测的指代对象代入原句，验证语义和逻辑是否正确。 例题4 When I was little, I was really little. But my dream was big. I dreamed of being a basketball player. I tried out for the teams at school, but I was never given a chance. As I got older, I did grow a little bigger, but not a lot bigger. On my 12th birthday, I decided to try a new sport: running. I told Grandpa, “I'm going to be an athlete.” “Dave,” Grandpa began gently, “if you can't be big, you can do something big.” I ran 12 miles on my 12th birthday. On my 13th birthday, I did it again, but I added an extra mile. On my 14th birthday, I ran 14 miles. 15 on my 15th, 16 on my 16th, and you guessed it—17 miles on my 17th birthday. All this running inspired（激发） another big dream. Someday, I'd run the Boston Marathon（波士顿马拉松赛）. I told Grandpa about my decision. “But, Dave, you haven't trained for the marathon. Are you sure you're ready?” Grandpa asked. But he still promised to walk over and cheer me on. I ran fast that day. But I fell at Mile 18 and was driven to the hospital. Later that night, I called Grandpa and told him I failed. “No,” he said calmly, “you didn't fail. You discovered something.” “I did?” I asked. “Yes, you discovered that big dreams don't just come true. They take work. If you train and work hard, I promise to wait for you next year and cheer you on.” I trained every day, running miles and miles. Sadly, just two months into my training, Grandpa died. He wouldn't be waiting for my second Boston Marathon. I decided I'd run for him. That day, I ran fast. “Keep going! You can do it!” His words filled my head as I forced my legs to make each painful step. As I crossed the finish line, I threw my arms in the air and cried, “Grandpa, we did it!” 代词指代题 What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 4 refer to?（ ） A．Adding an extra mile. B．Running on his birthday. C．Training for the marathon. D．Trying out for the basketball team. 解题步骤 （结合解题技巧分析文中的线索，填写关键信息） Step 1 明确指代词位置 根据题干中的“paragraph 4”和加粗的“it”的位置可知，需重点搜索第四段。 Step 2 匹配指代一致性 代词“it”用来指代前面提到的内容，初步判断答案应在“I ran 12 miles on my 12th birthday.”一句中。结合“it”所在句中的时间状语on my 13th birthday可判断，it指的应是在生日当天跑步这件事。 Step 3 替换搭配法检验（代入原句核查，并确定答案） 结合“it”前面的动词did可判断，it指的是可以做的一件事，结合后面的“but I added an extra mile”及“On my 14th birthday, I ran 14 miles. 15 on my 15th, 16 on my 16th, and you guessed it—17 miles on my 17th birthday.”可确定答案为B项。 上句和本句结合法 例6 [2024江西节选] 问：What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 5 refer to?（ ） A. Raising money. B. Doing new movements. C. Visiting parents. D. Going up and down stairs. 解题步骤： Step 1 回文定位代词所在句，细读该句。 although引导的让步状语从句中用painful和boring解释从句中的it，从句中的it与画线词指代同一件事，由此可知画线词指某件没意思且累人的事。 Step 2 细读该句的前一句话，结合代词的单复数，找到代词指代内容。 上一句提到的符合本句描述的事件是上下楼梯这件事。D选项符合。 Step 3 将选项代入原文，通读该句，检查逻辑。 随堂训练 （1） （25-26九年级上·浙江杭州·期末）Two years ago, my world only had room for me and my grades. When I went to Palomar College, I kept my head down. Friends would only slow me down. By winter break, my report card was perfect, but I felt empty watching classmates laugh together. The change began one rainy day when I saw Maya struggling with her books. “Need help?” I asked, surprising myself. As we shared an umbrella, she asked why I was always so quiet. “I thought grades were the only thing that mattered,” I said. “That’s sad,” she said. “People matter too.” That sentence hit me like a rock. I started saying hello and helping classmates. By June, Maya and I were real friends. The biggest change came at Vista Nursing Home, where I worked that summer. Mrs. Jenkins, a sweet old lady with memory loss, thought I was her daughter Susan. I visited her twice a week, always bringing strawberries, her favorite. One afternoon she held my hand. “Are you mad at me for forgetting?” Looking at her worried face, I said, “Never.” I realized making her smile made me whole. When she passed away, I was heartbroken but grateful. She taught me that caring for others fills a place in your heart that achievements never can. Now I’m a junior, and I’m different. When Maya failed a test yesterday, I didn’t say “study harder.” I brought cookies and said, “One test doesn’t define you.” I watched the worry leave her face and felt that same warmth. When I look in the mirror today, I see a girl who smiles with her eyes—a girl with friends, and a heart that knows how to love. And I like her. I really do. 1．Why did the writer feel empty even though she had perfect grades? A．She thought her classes were too easy. B．She felt lonely seeing others laugh together. C．Her parents didn’t care about her grades. D．She had too much homework to finish. 2．What does Maya mean when she says “People matter too” in Paragraph 1? A．People create too many problems in life. B．Grades are important, but people are important, too. C．You should always listen to others’ opinions. D．You are happy only if you have friends. 3．Why did Mrs. Jenkins call the writer “Susan”? A．Susan was the writer’s real name. B．It was a name all workers used there. C．The writer told her she was Susan. D．She mistook the writer for Susan. 4．Which of these events is in the CORRECT order? a. The writer works at the nursing home.    b. Mrs. Jenkins dies at Vista Nursing Home. c. The writer feels lonely at school.    d. The writer helps Maya in Palomar College. A．cdba. B．dcab. C．cdab. D．dbca. （2） （25-26九年级上·浙江杭州·期末） “Wake up!” Sam cheered as he shook his sleeping father. Father’s Day was Sam’s favorite. Every year, he and Dad spent the whole day doing something together. Last year, they went to an amusement park and rode all the roller coasters. “Alright,” Dad said as he climbed out of bed into his wheelchair, following Sam down to the kitchen, where Mum was cooking. “What adventure have you got planned today?” Mum asked. “Maybe we’ll head to the lake and fish.” Dad thought. “Or we could see the new superhero movie!” shouted Sam. He and Dad were really into superhero movies. Just then, the phone’s sharp ring cut through the quiet. “Right now?” a beat of silence hanging in the air. Then came his reply: “Stay calm. I’ll be there soon.” Sam’s heart fell like a stone to the bottom. His dad always seemed to get called into work. He hated these moments. Sam’s lips turned down. “I’ve got an idea,” Dad’s face brightened. “Why don’t you come with me?” “I would love to!” Sam said in surprise. Even if it wasn’t a roller coaster, just being with Dad would be fun. Sam’s dad led him to the zoo. Inside a room were nurses and a nervous zookeeper. In the corner of the room was a large panda lying on her side. She was groaning (呻吟). Dad calmly made his way over to the panda. He gave her some medicine and gently brushed her thick fur. Sam’s eyes were wide with amazement to see his dad being so brave. An hour later, Sam’s dad was holding four tiny pink baby pandas. He washed them, rubbed their stomachs, and fed them warm milk. “Sam,” Dad called, “meet the newest attractions for the zoo.” He handed Sam a baby panda. “This is the best Father’s Day ever,” smiled Sam. “I get to hold a baby panda and I know now you’re a superhero!” 1．Why did Sam cheer and shake his father? A．Because Mum made some delicious food. B．Because he couldn’t wait for Father’s Day. C．Because Dad was late for the superhero movie. D．Because it was time to ride the roller coaster. 2．What moments are “these moments” in Paragraph 3? A．Moments when Dad throws the stone to the bottom. B．Moments when Dad has to work on important days. C．Moments when Sam can’t find interesting things to do. D．Moments when Sam’s family members get seriously ill. 3．How might Sam’s feelings change? A．Excited→Upset→Amazed→Proud B．Amazed→Proud→Upset→Excited C．Proud→Upset→Excited→Amazed D．Excited→Amazed→Upset→Proud 4．What can we know from the story? A．Sam’s dad didn’t care about Father’s Day. B．Sam disliked going to work with his dad. C．Sam had prepared a big surprise for his dad. D．Sam thought his dad was a superhero at last. （3） （24-25九年级上·江西赣州·期末）Xinhua News Agency reported in January, 2023, “Six years: His Spring Festivals were spent on the lake road.” He is 56-year-old Li Guozhong, who used to be a fisherman. By 9:00 am every day, Li has already finished walking along the 7-kilometer-long bank (岸) of Hengshui Lake in Hebei Province. Afterward, he takes a boat to see the lake area more closely. Before becoming a volunteer lake patroller (巡逻员), Li depended on Hengshui Lake for a living. By catching fish, he lived a good life. But as time went on, Li and other fishermen found that the lake water got dirty with too much mud (泥巴) and sand, so there were fewer fish in the lake and even the number of birds in the lake area fell. Li started thinking about what he could do to help improve the situation of the lake. Then he put away all his tools of fishing, refused his son’s request of living in the city and began his new life. In 2017, when Li learned that volunteer lake patrollers were needed, he made a decision of joining the organization without thinking twice. His family and neighbors thought he was so silly. Over the past years, he has recorded much information in his patrol diaries along the lake bank every day and watched the lake environment improve little by little. Although patrolling the lake is a lonely thing and requires a lot of time, Li will go on doing it and will never give up. Now, the water has become clear, the number of fish in the lake has grown and in July 2022, 332 kinds of birds were found flying over Hengshui Lake. 1．In which program did Xinhua News Agency probably report Li Guozhong? A．Society and life. B．Growth and education. C．Sports and health. D．Science and technology. 2．What did Li Guozhong do before being a volunteer? A．A reporter. B．A worker. C．A farmer. D．A fisherman. 3．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．Keeping diaries. B．Patrolling the lake. C．Going fishing. D．Clearing the lake. 4．Put the following information into the correct time order according to the passage. a. Li made his living by fishing.             b. Li signed up (报名) to be a volunteer. c. Li’s son asked him to live in the city.       d. 332 kinds of birds appeared in Hengshui Lake. e. Xinhua News Agency reported Li’s story A．a-c-d-b-e B．c-a-b-e-d C．a-c-b-d-e D．c-a-e-b-d 5．What is Li Guozhong like according to the passage? A．Honest and active. B．Careful and responsible (有责任心). C．Helpful and quiet. D．Strong and humorous. （4） （25-26九年级上·湖北武汉·期末）Most runners choose their routes (路线) based on distance or surface. Some pick smooth roads for steady speed, while others choose hills for a challenging workout. But for Lenny Maughan, running is more than fitness — it is also a way to make art. Maughan, who calls himself a “human Etch A Sketch”, creates GPS drawings by running through the streets of San Francisco. He got the idea from apps that runners use to record their routes. “When I was a kid, I was known for drawing funny pictures of people. I had a real talent for it,” he said. “I forgot about it until a little over 10 years ago.” Maughan begins by carefully mapping his design on a paper map of San Francisco. To find the route that works, he often needs to map out several different routes. His goal is to create clear images (画像). Once the route is planned, Maughan runs his “masterpiece”, using a GPS app called Strava to track (追踪) his movement. However, Strava only shows the full image after the run is complete. That means Maughan has to follow his planned route very carefully. One wrong turn can badly influence the artwork. “You can’t see the drawing while you run,” Maughan explained. “So when you finish and finally see it come together, it’s a wonderful feeling.” Over the past ten years, the San Francisco runner has created more than 50 images, from a simple heart to a lively pig. In February 2025, he spent 10 hours running 40 miles to create a snake in honor of the Lunar New Year. But his most famous creation is a line painting of Mexican artist Frida Kahlo, completed in 2019. That image covered almost 29 miles and involved a lot of climbing. “I like to say my legs are my paintbrush and San Francisco is my canvas,” said Maughan. “I love running and I love art. This is a nice way to combine (结合) them both.” 1．The author introduces the main character by ________. A．comparing the facts B．raising an interest C．providing background D．explaining a theory 2．How can Maughan successfully create an image from paragraph 3? a. Follow the planned route carefully.              b. Pick out the best route. c. Map out several different routes.                  d. Make a wrong turn sometimes. e. Finish the run and get the full image.              f. Enjoy the wonderful feeling. A．b→c→a→e B．c→b→d→e→f C．c→b→a→e D．c→b→a→e→f 3．What is Maughan’s best-known GPS artwork? A．B．C．D． 4．What does the underlined word “canvas” in the last paragraph refer to? A．A place designed for smooth running. B．A material used for painting on. C．A project combining running and art. D．A tool recording natural beauty. 5．The best title of the passage would be ________. A．Maughan Is a Hit Runner Online B．Maughan Runs His GPS Paintings C．When Running Meets Technology D．What You Run For Makes A Difference （5） （25-26九年级上·山东济南·期末）When I was 12 years old, I joined the School News Club. That was how I first learned about journalism (新闻工作). I wanted to make my writing better, so I wrote my very first article. Seeing my words printed in the school paper was amazing! It lit a flame in my heart — I knew I loved writing. At fourteen, I faced my biggest challenge: leaving my hometown for Bedford, England, as an exchange student. There, I became a student reporter and wrote weekly blogs (博客) about life in a British school. I wrote about my new experiences: the different food and weather, feeling lonely at first, and slowly getting used to everything. My stories showed differences between cultures, and soon drew public attention. To my surprise, my school shared my story. They put it on the school poster, school website, and social media. They said it showed the colorful experiences of students in the UK. My hard work got noticed and I was even invited to give a speech at school! Although I plan to study computer science in the future, writing will always be my beloved hobby. Journalism taught me important life skills: how to find information, talk to people for stories, and improve my work. These skills are useful in many ways — not just for school, but for growing as a person. I learned that writing helps us understand the world and make a difference. 1．Why did the writer write her first article? A．To become a famous writer. B．To make her writing better. C．To be an exchange student. D．To print the school paper. 2．What do the underlined words “lit a flame” mean in paragraph 1? A．Made me feel down. B．Made a real fire. C．Made things change. D．Made me excited. 3．What were the writer’s blogs about? A．Her plans to be famous. B．Her memories in her hometown. C．Her new life in England. D．Her stories of being a reporter. 4．Where was her story NOT shared? A．The school poster. B．The school website. C．Social media. D．School courses. 5．What does the writer mainly learn from journalism? A．Life skills. B．Computer science. C．School work. D．Writing skills. （6） （25-26九年级上·山东济南·期末）Brooke wanted a dollhouse and some sugar cookies. So the 6-year-old girl asked Alexa to get them. Alexa wasn’t her mom or sister. It was a voice-activated home assistant (语音助手) powered by artificial intelligence (AI). Alexa quickly made Brooke’s wishes come true. A few days later, much to her parents’ surprise, a $170 dollhouse and four pounds of cookies arrived at their house. (They ate the cookies and donated the dollhouse to a local hospital.) And that’s not the end of the story. When a news reporter told the story of what happened on TV, Alexa devices in many listeners’ homes woke up and tried to order dollhouses! Alexa isn’t the only AI ready to order up gifts for you. Apple HomePod has Siri, and Google Home has its Assistant. People who own these devices use them mainly for listening to music, checking the weather, and setting times. According to a report from The Information, voice shopping is not very common yet. People who do it mainly order simple things like paper towels. But many experts predict a boom (暴涨) in voice shopping in the near future. Is that a good thing? Convenience is the main advantage of voice shopping. You can shout out an order as soon as you think of it, even if you’re cooking, cleaning, or driving. In addition, people with disabilities who are unable to use a keyboard or mouse can shop without others’ help. But voice shopping also has its downsides. Unwanted dollhouses aren’t the biggest problem. It’s usually very easy to cancel an order or return items. The thing that worries some people is that these assistants are always listening. They have to be able to respond when you want them to. So they listen for “Alexa” or “OK Google” or another command. When they hear it, they start recording (录音) the conversation. Some have worried about what happens to these recordings. Will companies be allowed to use them to learn about people’s shopping habits? 1．What did Brooke ask Alexa to get for her? A．A pet dog and paper towels. B．A new bicycle and toy bears. C．A video game and a keyboard. D．A dollhouse and sugar cookies. 2．What is the correct order of the following activities? ①Her parents got a surprise package. ②A news reporter told the story of Brooke on TV. ③ Brooke asked Alexa to get something for her. ④Alexa devices in other homes tried to order the same thing. A．③-①-④-② B．③-①-②-④ C．④-①-③-② D．④-②-③-① 3．What does the underlined word “downsides” in paragraph 4 mean? A．Weaknesses. B．Processes. C．Chances. D．Secrets. 4．Why do some people worry about voice-activated assistants? A．They will buy many unwanted things. B．The recordings would be used in the wrong way. C．They cannot be used to make phone calls. D．They are not good at understanding orders. 5．What is the writer’s attitude towards voice shopping? A．Supportive. B．Critical. (批评的) C．Objective. (客观的) D．Doubtful （7） （25-26九年级上·陕西西安·期末）The idea of “saving face” is both a well-known idea and phrase in China. But at the same time, it’s difficult for Westerners to fully understand. To put it simply, this comes down to how China and the West have built up their societies and cultures differently from one another over time. At its heart, American culture celebrates individualism (个人主义) and directness while in China it’s more about keeping good relationships and living peacefully as a whole. For example, if you were in a business group meeting in the US, you might be thanked by your partners for giving direct advice to your boss because it shows initiative (主动性) . In China, it may be better to be less direct and talk to your boss later in private. Another example of “face” in daily life is if you were to see an older gentleman on the street with toilet paper stuck on his shoe. In the US, people would take him aside and quietly tell him about the fact so he could take it off. This way you would be helpful in saving him from the personal embarrassment of not noticing it sooner. But, on the other hand, some of my Chinese friends would think it better not to mention it and let the gentleman find it out on his own later. In this way, it could spare the gentleman from public embarrassment or losing face in front of others. By knowing how “saving face” works differently in Western countries and China, you are well on your way toward managing any kind of social situation with grace (体面) . 1．We learn that it’s not easy for the westerners to ________. A．build up their societies and cultures B．use the phrase “saving face” correctly C．know the culture behind “saving face” D．understand the meaning of “saving face” totally 2．What do people care more about in Chinese culture? A．Their own feelings. B．Relationships with others. C．Direct opinions. D．Behaviors in public. 3．The underlined word “spare” probably means “________” in the text. A．bring B．stop C．save D．catch 4．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．It’s normal for Chinese to lose face in our daily life. B．It’s important to find a proper way to tell the truth. C．It’s polite for Chinese to give advice directly in person. D．It’s necessary to understand the different culture background. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题19 阅读理解--细节理解、字词猜测题精讲 细节理解题 该题型主要考查学生快速定位和准确提取信息的能力。 “一圈二定三对比”助力解答细节推断题 1.“圈” 圈画出题干中的关键词，题干中除了用来提问的 “what、who、where、when、how、why...”等疑问词以外，还要注意出现的专有名词（人名、地名等），以及表示时间、数字、动作、因果关系等的词汇 2.“定” 通过扫读快速回原文寻找含有对应关键词的语句，确定答题依据 3.“对比” 将定位到的对应信息和选项进行对比，通过关键词前后的转折性词汇（but/however）、并列结构（and前后的感情色彩一致）、同义替换（look after与take good care of）等方法确定答案 正确选项特征： ·正确选项是尊重原文或基于原文进行合乎逻辑的推理、归纳总结得出的。 ·正确选项通常使用原文中的同义词或相似结构，不会采用与原文完全一样的词句。 ·正确选项通常是对原文词句、段落的归纳或推理。 ·正确选项通常采用改编原文句子结构或转变原文叙述角度的方式设置。 干扰项特征： 含绝对化词汇（如never、all）或与关键词无关的内容。 口诀记忆 魏蜀吴过 魏:未正确理解文章内容的选项 蜀:属原文信息的选项 吴:无中生有的选项（符合常识，但文中未提及） 过：过度推理的选项 例题1 China has become the world's largest producer and market of EVs（电车）. According to a report, 9.587 million Chinese-made EVs were produced and 9.495 million were sold in 2023. Among the total sales, 1.2 million EVs were exported（出口）. The Chinese government has been encouraging EVs as part of its effort for green, high-quality development. As a result, China's EV industry develops very quickly. At Auto（汽车） China 2004, BYD was the only company showing EVs there. At Auto China 2024, there were 278 different EV models on show, including BYD, SAIC, Geely, Li Auto, Nio, Xpeng and other brands（品牌）. China's EV industry is now facing both challenges and chances. It's reported that 71% of EV brands cut prices in 2023. EV makers without the ability of innovation（创新） will face growing risks. In order to be both green and smart, Chinese EV makers are trying hard to improve technologies like battery qualities and AI support. At the same time, the government is adding even more charging points（充电站）. On the other hand, more Chinese people are aware of the environmental problems. It is encouraging more buyers to choose EVs. EVs are the way of the future. In an ideal world, everyone benefits from innovation and green transport. Some might get there sooner than others, and will gain greater rewards. It is very likely that China will hold the lead. 细节推断题 EV makers can most probably reduce growing risks by _ _ _ _ . A．improving innovation ability B．winning the government's support C．adding more charging points D．dealing with environmental problems 解题步骤 （结合解题技巧分析文中的线索，填写关键信息） Step 1 圈出题干中的关键词 Step 2 通过扫读定位原文对应内容 根据题干中的关键词可定位到第三段中的第三句“EV makers without the ability of innovation will face growing risks.”和第四句“...Chinese EV makers are trying hard to improve technologies like battery qualities and AI support.” 逻辑链： 缺乏创新→风险增加→改进技术，也就是说“技术创新”是解决方案。 Step 3 分析选项，排除干扰项，确定答案 选项 分析 A. improving innovation ability 与原文中的ability of innovation直接对应，是电车制造商减少风险的核心方法 B. winning the government's support 虽然政府支持对行业发展有帮助，但文中并未提到这是电车制造商减少风险的方法 C. adding more charging points 增加充电站可以推动电车行业的发展，但并不是电车制造商减少风险的手段 D. dealing with environmental problems 应对环境问题是消费者选择购买电车的原因之一，但文中并未提及这是电车制造商减少风险的方法 分析：题干问的是电车制造商如何减少风险，需聚焦企业自身能力，比如技术创新等，而非外部因素，所以正确答案为A项。 例2 [2024安徽节选]Miss Patty always wanted to do something with her spare time to help the students. After a conversation with one of the students, things took a turn from knitting one hat to knitting more hats. “The one boy gets on the bus, and he goes ‘What are you doing?’ I said,‘I'm making a hat.’ He said, ‘It would be great having such a warm hat in icy winter.’ So I said,‘What color would you like?’ That started everything.” Miss Patty told the local newspaper. 问： What made Miss Patty decide to knit more hats?（ ） A. A drive to Erie County. B. A show of colorful hats. C. A letter in the newspaper. D. A conversation with a boy. 解题步骤： Step 1 画出题干关键信息。 关键信息大致有3类：特殊疑问词，人名、地名、时间等关键名词（短语）与关键动词（短语）。 Step 2 回文定位。 由题干中的knit more hats定位到节选第一段的画线处。文章提到“在和一位学生谈话后”，下文提到学生是个男孩。 Step 3 对比选项。 D选项与原文内容表述相符。 易错提示 细节理解题的选项不一定和定位的原文用词完全一致，有些是同义转述。因此不能仅凭与原文相同的词找答案，更重要的是看原文和选项所表达的意思是否相符。如2024年北京中考题中的一个正确选项“A simple action could bring a long-term effect.”是原文中“a simple action could truly have a lasting influence”的同义转述。 事件排序题 事件排序题多出现在记叙文中，要求按事件发生顺序对所给内容进行排序。 匹配定位法 例3 [2024江西节选]Ed was a professional football player, but in 2017 （c） he had an accident in a swimming pool. After that, he couldn't move his body from the shoulders down. ...He spent six days （b）staring at his toes（脚趾） and trying to make them move—and, finally, he succeeded! This was the start of a long journey. ... Only a year after his accident, （d）Ed climbed the highest mountain in Wales. Since then he has also climbed a 6,500-meter mountain in Nepal and he said that after each big climb he noticed his body could do new movements. Two years later, 31-year-old Ed climbed 8,848.86 meters, the height of the world's highest mountain, （e）by going up and down his parents' stairs 2,783 times. ... Ed hopes his story can help people. That's why （a） he started his own charity, M2M, which aims to support “people facing challenges in life”. Put the events about Ed into the correct order according to the passage.（ ） a. Ed started M2M. b. Ed succeeded in making his toes move. c. Ed had an accident in a swimming pool. d. Ed climbed the highest mountain in Wales. e. Ed climbed his parents' stairs2,783 times. A. c-e-b-d-a B. c-b-d-e-a C. e-a-b-d-c D. e-b-d-c-a 解题步骤： Step 1 画出a、b、c、d、e事件中的关键信息。 名称、数字等信息有助于快速回文定位。 Step 2 回文定位。 根据所列事件，在原文中勾画出对应内容并标记a、b、c、d、e。 Step 3 对比选项。 B选项正确。 随堂训练 （1） （25-26九年级上·浙江杭州·期末）Learning English can be fun and easy with apps! Here are some great apps for you. App Name What is it? Why is it good? Liulishuo An app with many short, interesting dialogues and stories. The topics are fun (like school life, hobbies, science). You can listen, then do quick exercises to check your understanding. It starts easy and gets harder slowly. Hello Talk An app to connect with real people from around the world. You can find an English-speaking friend who is learning Chinese. You can help each other! You can correct (纠正) each other’s sentences easily in the chat. Shanbay Reading An app to make reading English easier, smarter, and more fun. The app has thousands of articles and books. You are sure to find something interesting here. The app can help you choose articles that match your English level. Duolingo A very famous app that feels like a game. You can practice repeating sentences. The app listens and gives you scores! It has cute characters and you win points and levels. It makes practice fun. 1．What can you do in Liulishuo? A．Listen to stories and do exercises. B．Write Chinese sentences. C．Talk with people around the world. D．Read many English books. 2．Which app helps you learn English with a friend from another country? A．Liulishuo. B．Hello Talk. C．Shanbay Reading. D．Youdao Dictionary. 3．What is the main purpose of these apps according to the passage? A．To help students play games in English. B．To help students talk to teachers online. C．To help students learn English in a fun way. D．To help students write English stories. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四款可以帮助学习英语的有趣且简便的应用程序，分别阐述了各应用程序的特点及优势。 1．细节理解题。根据对“Liulishuo”的介绍“An app with many short, interesting dialogues and stories. You can listen, then do quick exercises to check your understanding.”可知，在“Liulishuo”这款应用程序中，可以听故事并做练习。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据对“Hello Talk”的介绍“An app to connect with real people from around the world. You can find an English-speaking friend who is learning Chinese. You can help each other!”可知，“Hello Talk”这款应用程序可以帮助你与来自另一个国家的朋友一起学习英语。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据文章开头“Learning English can be fun and easy with apps! Here are some great apps for you.”以及各应用程序的介绍可知，这些应用程序的主要目的是以有趣的方式帮助学生学英语。故选C。 （2） （25-26九年级上·浙江杭州·期末） Stay Safe in the Sun The sun is good for your body. Sunshine helps your body make vitamin D．Vitamins help keep your body strong and healthy. The sun can also be dangerous. Here are some ways to stay safe in the sun. Protect Your Skin Too much sun can give you a sunburn. A sunburn makes your skin red and sore. Use sunscreen to protect your skin. Sunscreen keeps you from getting a sunburn. You can also wear a hat with a brim. The brim protects your face from the sun. Wearing a hat can keep your face from getting a sunburn. You cannot see the sun on a cloudy day. But sunshine goes through clouds. That is why there is light on a cloudy day. You need to protect your skin even if it is a cloudy day. Protect Your Eyes Too much sunshine can hurt your eyes. Try not to look right at the sun. The sun is very bright and it can hurt your eyes. Wearing a hat with a brim can help keep the sun out of your eyes. Sunglasses can protect your eyes from the sun. Sunglasses are dark. They let only a little bit of light go into your eyes. 1．In what way is sunshine good for us? A．Avoiding sunburn. B．Protecting our eyes. C．Keeping skin from redness. D．Producing vitamin D． 2．What can we do to protect our skin according to the text? A．Go out only on cloudy days. B．Put on dark sunglasses. C．Avoid looking right at the sun. D．Wear a hat to protect the face. 3．In which part of the magazine can we read the text? A．Health. B．Sports. C．Art. D．Space. 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了晒太阳对身体的好处以及如何在阳光下保护皮肤和眼睛的安全建议。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Sunshine helps your body make vitamin D. Vitamins help keep your body strong and healthy.”可知，阳光对身体有益的具体方式是帮助身体产生维生素D。选项D与此一致。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据文章“Protect Your Skin”部分中“You can also wear a hat with a brim. The brim protects your face from the sun.”可知，戴帽子可以保护脸部免受阳光照射。选项D与此一致。故选D。 3．推理判断题。通读全文，文章主要围绕“晒太阳的益处”以及“如何保护皮肤和眼睛免受阳光伤害”展开，属于健康生活类的建议。因此最有可能出现在杂志的“健康”板块。选项A符合。故选A。 （3） （2025·福建南平·一模）In China, many young people are doing amazing things. These young people are very confident and they know what they want to do. They work hard every day to make their dreams come true. Four of them make significant contributions to technology and culture. Liang Wenfeng Graduated from: Peking University Company: DeepSeek He made great contributions to the development of artificial intelligence with DeepSeek’s advanced AI technologies. Jiaozi (Yang Yu) Graduated from: Sichuan University Company: Chengdu Cocoa Bean Animation His movie Ne Zha 2 is a box-office hit. His movies not only bring joy to the audience but also inspire the development of the domestic animation industry. Wang Xingxing Graduated from: Zhejiang University Company: Unitree Robotics In 2025, when Unitree Robotics “YangBOT” appeared on the Spring Festival Gala, they attracted many people’s attention. Many people liked their products because they can help people in many ways. Feng Ji Graduated from: Huazhong University of Science and Technology Company: Game Science His work Black Myth: Wukong has drawn wide attention. It is very popular because he combines traditional Chinese culture with modern animation techniques. 1．What is the name of Jiaozi’s most popular movie? A．Black Myth: Wukong B．Ne Zha 2 C．YangBOT dance D．DeepSeek 2．Why is Wang Xingxing’s work important? A．Because he is a famous movie director. B．Because he created a popular video game. C．Because he graduated from Peking University. D．Because they can help people in many ways. 3．What is special about Feng Ji’s creation, Black Myth: Wukong? A．It mixes traditional culture with modern techniques. B．It is a popular quadruped robot. C．It is a box-office hit movie. D．It focuses on artificial intelligence. 4．What do Liang Wenfeng, Jiaozi, Wang Xingxing, and Feng Ji have in common? A．They all founded companies. B．They are all famous for their work in technology. C．They all graduated from the same university. D．They are are confident and work hard to achieve their dreams. 5．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Young people in China are only interested in technology. B．Four young people are making contributions to technology and culture. C．Chinese animation is the most popular in the world. D．All young people in China are afraid to try new things. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．D 5．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了四位中国年轻人，梁文锋、饺子、王星星、冯骥，在科技和文化领域取得的成就，强调他们的自信、努力和对梦想的追求，以及对社会的积极影响。 1．细节理解题。根据表格中“His movie Ne Zha 2 is a box-office hit.”可知，饺子最受欢迎的电影是《哪吒2》。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据表格中“Many people liked their products because they can help people in many ways.”可知，王星星的工作之所以重要，是因为他们的产品可以帮助人们。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据表格中“It is very popular because he combines traditional Chinese culture with modern animation techniques.”可知，冯骥的创作《黑神话：悟空》的特殊之处在于它将传统文化与现代技术相结合。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据文中“These young people are very confident and they know what they want to do. They work hard every day to make their dreams come true. Four of them make significant contributions to technology and culture.”可知，他们的共同点是自信且努力实现梦想。故选D。 5．主旨大意题。根据文中“They work hard every day to make their dreams come true. Four of them make significant contributions to technology and culture.”可知，文章主要讲述四位年轻人在科技和文化领域的贡献。故选B。 （4） （2025·天津南开·二模） During the Tang Dynasty (618—907), Emperor Taizong asked the prime minister Feng Deyi to find talented (有才能的) people. However, several months passed, Feng didn’t find anyone. “I tried my best, but there are not talented people at all,” Feng said. “People are like utensils (器物). What-we need to do is to make good use of their strengths. You should blame (责怪) yourself for not noticing talented people. How could you say that there are not talented people in our country?” said the emperor. It is true that each utensil has a specific (特定的) function. A knife is made to cut things while chopsticks are made to pick up food. We can’t use a knife as a chopstick. Like a utensil, each person has his or her strength. Nobody is perfect. We can’t expect a person to be good at everything. With this idea in mind, Emperor Taizong discovered many talented people of different backgrounds. He gave them important jobs, which helped them make the most of their talents. His talented people helped the society develop and created a “golden age”. 1．How long did Feng Deyi spend finding talented people? A．A few days. B．Several weeks. C．Several months. D．Over a year. 2．Why couldn’t Feng find any talented people? A．He did not like talented people. B．He was not pleased with the emperor. C．There were not talented people in the country. D．His standards for talented people were wrong. 3．Knives and chopsticks are compared to ________ according to the story. A．jobs B．people C．food D．strengths 4．Which of the following was Emperor Taizong’s idea about talented people? A．Each person has a particular strength. B．Talented people should be good at everything. C．Feng Deyi will never be a talented person. D．People of different backgrounds cannot be talented. 5．What does the story mainly want to tell us? A．Chances are always left for those who are ready. B．There are few talented people so it’s hard to find them. C．A good leader should use people’s abilities in the right way. D．The success of a society depends only on the abilities of its leader. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文讲述了唐太宗如何通过正确利用人们的才能，发现并任用不同背景的有才能的人，从而帮助社会发展和创造“黄金时代”的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据“However, several months passed, Feng didn’t find anyone.”可知，冯德义花费了几个月的时间寻找有才能的人。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“You should blame (责怪) yourself for not noticing talented people. How could you say that there are not talented people in our country?”可知，冯德义找不到有才能的人是因为他的标准有误，而不是因为国家没有有才能的人。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“A knife is made to cut things while chopsticks are made to pick up food. We can’t use a knife as a chopstick. Like a utensil, each person has his or her strength..”可知，刀和筷子被比作人，因为每个人都有其特定的长处。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“Like a utensil, each person has his or her strength. Nobody is perfect. We can’t expect a person to be good at everything.”可知，唐太宗认为每个人都有其特定的长处，而不是要求一个人擅长所有事情。故选A。 5．主旨大意题。根据“With this idea in mind, Emperor Taizong discovered many talented people of different backgrounds. He gave them important jobs, which helped them make the most of their talents.”可知，故事主要想告诉我们，一个好的领导者应该以正确的方式利用人们的能力。故选C。 （5） （25-26九年级上·江西赣州·期末） National Storytelling Festival · WhatThe National Storytelling Festival is usually held in October. Anyone can tell a story. To be a good storyteller, you might practice for six months or more. Storytelling is as much an art as dancing, acting, or making music. The storyteller can be seen and heard in this three-day festival. · When, Where and WhoOn Friday, the first day of the festival, storytellers will tell stories in a special tent (帐篷). And local school children are invited to come to listen. All people, especially kids, enjoy the Youthful Voices concerts, where young storytellers between the ages of 5 and 18 share their stories. Young people love Historical Story concerts. The concerts take place in a big, open-air park on Saturday night. Five storytellers tell historical stories for listeners. Want to listen to grandparents telling folk tales and stories about their old days? Come to the National Storytelling Festival on Sunday night.＊Address: 116 W. Main St., Jonesborough, TN ＊Phone number: 423/753-2171 ＊Price: $155/grown-up $135/kid 1．What can people enjoy on Saturday night? A．Traditional stories.B．Historical stories. C．Old stories. D．Love stories. 2．If Tom aged 15 and his parents want to attend the festival, how much should they pay? A．$270. B．$310. C．$445. D．$540. 3．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage ? A．The National Storytelling Festival is held in a small closed park every year. B．People can listen to grandparents’ folk tales on Saturday night at the festival. C．Only professional storytellers can take part in the National Storytelling Festival. D．Young storytellers aged 5 to 18 can share their stories at the Youthful Voices concerts. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 【导语】本文是一则关于国家讲故事节的活动介绍，包含节日时间、活动内容、参与人群、地点、联系方式及票价等信息。 1．根据“When, Where and Who”部分中“Young people love Historical Story concerts. The concerts take place in a big, open-air park on Saturday night.”可知，周六晚上可以欣赏到历史故事。 2．根据票价信息“Price: $155/grown-up $135/kid”可知，15岁的Tom属于“kid”，因此费用为：$155×2 + $135 = $445。 3．根据“When, Where and Who”部分中“young storytellers between the ages of 5 and 18 share their stories”可知，D项“5至18岁的年轻讲故事者可以在Youthful Voices音乐会上分享故事。”与原文一致。 （6） （24-25九年级上·江西赣州·期末）Exploring (探索) your hometown can be a really nice adventure. Often we’re so busy with our daily work that we barely notice the beauty of the area we live in. As the weather gets warmer, it’s the perfect chance to find the cool places in your town or city, maybe with someone you trust to show you around. Here are some ideas to get started with your local exploring. Imagine being a tourist in your own town We often don’t pay attention to the special places that make our area different, the very places we’d suggest to a visiting friend. Think about it: Where would you take someone who’s never been to your town before? You might look at an old building, walk in a beautiful park, or treat yourself at that new ice cream place you’ve wanted to try. ①________ Spend some time online or talk to an adult about places you could go. Imagine you’re a visitor: What places in your city would you like to see? You might find a museum or zoo with display you haven’t seen before, or you could decide to go to a park for a walk. ②________ With an adult’s help, look up walking tours in your city to see it in a new way. Some tours focus on special themes like food, history, or parks. You can also search for free walking tours you can do on your own in your area. ③________ Looking at your town through a camera can show you new things. Choose a theme for your photos, like buildings, rivers and lakes, or animals and plants in your area. These things make your city special. After your walk, you’ll have lots of photos to look back on and remember your local adventures. 1．What does the underlined word “barely” in Paragraph 1 mean? A．Hardly. B．Excitedly. C．Quietly. D．Slowly. 2．What does the writer suggest when we imagine being a visitor in our hometown? A．He reminds us to go to shopping centers. B．He wants us to think about our daily things. C．He asks us to ask for suggestions from friends. D．He encourages us to think of where to take visitors. 3．Match the title with each part. a. Choose a guided tour    b. Start a photo walk    c. Notice the beauty around you d. Check out local places to visit    e. Being a guide in your own town A．①-b, ②-c, ③-d B．①-b, ②-c, ③-e C．①-d, ②-a, ③-b D．①-a, ②-e, ③-b 4．What would be the best structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 5．Which of the followings can be the best title? A．Find Something Special B．Explore Your Home Town C．Relax in Your Free Time D．Try to Show More Friends Around Your Town 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．C 4．B 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了探索家乡的一些方法，鼓励人们去发现家乡的美好。 1．词义猜测题。根据“Often we’re so busy with our daily work that we barely notice the beauty of the area we live in.”可知，人们日常工作忙碌，几乎注意不到居住地区的美，“barely”意思应是“几乎不”，与“Hardly”意思相近，A选项正确。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“Think about it: Where would you take someone who’s never been to your town before?”可知，当想象自己是家乡的游客时，作者鼓励我们思考带游客去哪里，D选项正确。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“Spend some time online or talk to an adult about places you could go.”可知①处主要讲查看当地可参观的地方，对应“Check out local places to visit”；根据“With an adult’s help, look up walking tours in your city to see it in a new way.”可知②处讲选择有导游的旅行，对应“Choose a guided tour”；根据“Looking at your town through a camera can show you new things. Choose a theme for your photos”可知③处讲开始一次摄影漫步，对应“Start a photo walk”。所以C选项①-d，②-a，③-b正确。故选C。 4．篇章结构题。文章第一段引出探索家乡的话题，接着分别从想象自己是家乡的游客、查看当地可参观的地方、选择有导游的旅行、开始摄影漫步等方面介绍探索家乡的方法，整体结构是总分，故选B。 5．最佳标题题。文章围绕探索家乡展开，介绍了探索家乡的多种方式，B选项“探索你的家乡！”最能概括文章主旨。故选B。 （7） （25-26九年级上·山东济南·期末）Good books have great power to change our lives. They can take us to faraway places and teach us lessons we never forget. Here are some wonderful books to enjoy. When Shadows Fall by Sita Brahmachari It tells the story of Kai, Orla, and Zak, which shows their connections, dreams, and problems in a simple way. The book inspires readers to follow their own dreams and face life’s tests with courage. The Last Lecture by Randy Pausch This book shares the writer’s final speech about his life. He had a serious illness but taught how to dream, beat hard times, and live fully. This book takes readers on a journey of his ups and downs, and it’s a must-read for all. The Silver Chain by Jion Sheibani Azadeh, a 16-year-old girl, plays the violin to search for comfort while starting a new school, facing friend troubles, and dealing with home issues. The story is fun and helps us see how she grows and learns about herself. The Sisterhood of the Traveling Pants by Ann Brashares It is about four friends on summer adventures. A magical pair of jeans keeps them close. It shows being independent, true friendship, and the challenges of growing up. Young people will find it easy to connect with. Welcome to our online book sharing meeting at www.bestreading.com! It will be held from 9:00 am to 11:00 am on February 6th. Come talk freely about these four great books. 1．What does When Shadows Fall tell? A．Fame and wealth. B．Dreams and courage. C．Problems and solutions. D．Family and health. 2．Which book does NOT mention friendship? A．When Shadows Fall. B．The Last Lecture. C．The Silver Chain. D．The Sisterhood of the Traveling Pants. 3．How does Azadeh deal with her problems? A．By talking with family. B．By making friends. C．By playing the violin. D．By going to a new school. 4．What can we learn about the meeting from the last paragraph? A．It will be held online. B．It is not free for students. C．It lasts for three hours. D．It is about five great books. 5．What is the main purpose of the text? A．To sell the books online. B．To help get on with others. C．To tell the writers’ lives. D．To invite book discussions. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了四本精彩的书籍，包括每本书的内容亮点，同时邀请读者参加2月6日的在线书籍分享会，共同讨论这四本书。 1．细节理解题。根据“When Shadows Fall by Sita Brahmachari”对应的“The book inspires readers to follow their own dreams and face life’s tests with courage.”可知，《当阴影降临》讲述了梦想与勇气的故事。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“The Last Lecture by Randy Pausch”对应的“This book shares the writer’s final speech about his life. He had a serious illness but taught how to dream, beat hard times, and live fully.”可知，《最后一课》主要讲述作者的人生、梦想和战胜困境的经历，未提及友谊。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“The Silver Chain by Jion Sheibani”对应的“Azadeh, a 16-year-old girl, plays the violin to search for comfort while starting a new school, facing friend troubles, and dealing with home issues.”可知，阿扎德通过拉小提琴来应对遇到的各种问题。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“Welcome to our online book sharing meeting at www.bestreading.com!”可知，这场书籍分享会将在线上举办。故选A。 5．主旨大意题。根据文章先介绍四本书，最后提出“Come talk freely about these four great books.”可知，本文的主要目的是邀请读者参与书籍讨论。故选D。 （8） （25-26九年级上·山东济南·期末）China is a nation of etiquette (礼仪). Chinese people are among the most hospitable people in the world. If foreigners visit a Chinese family, they will be surprised at the warmth that they will receive as guests. When you visit a Chinese family, the host usually makes tea for you. Then he will serve you snacks (小吃) like biscuits and candy. Someone in the family will also chat with you, never letting you feel lonely. At the same time, other family members will prepare a meal for you. Chinese people treat (款待) their guests with a big meal. They always prepare more food than the guest can eat and the guest must be the first to eat. Perhaps one of the things that surprises a Western guest most is that the Chinese host likes to pick food for visitors, which won’t happen at Western tables. The Chinese family goes out of their way to make you feel at home. As you are done eating, the host usually says, “It seems that you didn’t eat much. Please have more.” Although you tell them you are full, they still put more food in your bowl. Being warm and hospitable has long been an important part of Chinese culture and tradition. As Confucius (孔子) said thousands of years ago: ▲ 1．What does the underlined word “hospitable” mean in this passage? A．Happy B．Hard-working C．Honest D．Friendly 2．As a guest in a Chinese family, you are usually offered ________ by the host. A．tea and snacks B．juice and cakes C．coffee and candies D．milk and chocolates 3．Why does a Western visitor feel surprised when the host picks food for him? A．Because he thinks it’s not polite. B．Because it won’t happen in Western countries. C．Because he thinks it’s not necessary. D．Because he doesn’t want to eat it. 4．What the Chinese family does for the guests is to ________. A．make them feel uncomfortable B．show their wealth C．make them feel at home D．make them surprised 5．Which of the following sentences can be put in ▲ in the last paragraph? A．“What you do not want done to yourself, do not do to others.” B．“Keep what you say and carry out what you do.” C．“Isn’t it pleasant to learn and timely review what has been learned?” D．“Is it not a pleasure to meet friends coming from far places?” 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国是礼仪之邦，中国人热情好客的传统，以及中国家庭招待外国客人的具体方式和相关文化内涵。 1．词句猜测题。根据“Chinese people are among the most hospitable people in the world. If foreigners visit a Chinese family, they will be surprised at the warmth that they will receive as guests.”可知，中国人待客热情友好，“hospitable”意为“好客的”。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“When you visit a Chinese family, the host usually makes tea for you. Then he will serve you snacks like biscuits and candy.”可知，主人通常会提供茶和小吃。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“Perhaps one of the things that surprises a Western guest most is that the Chinese host likes to pick food for visitors, which won’t happen at Western tables.”可知，这在西方国家不会发生。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“The Chinese family goes out of their way to make you feel at home.”可知，中国家庭所做的是让客人有宾至如归的感觉。故选C。 5．推理判断题。根据前文“Being warm and hospitable has long been an important part of Chinese culture and tradition.”以及孔子的名言语境，“有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎？”最符合待客友好的主题。故选D。 （9） （2025·浙江杭州·三模）①Have you noticed how quiet restaurants have become? Instead of lively conversations, most people sit staring at their phones. A recent study found that 70% of teenagers prefer texting to face-to-face talks. But are we really connecting, or just exchanging emojis? ②First, let’s consider what we’re losing. Real conversations teach us important skills like reading expressions on faces and tones of voice. These “soft skills” help us make friends and succeed at work. When we only communicate through phones, we miss these learning chances. Experts call this “social malnutrition”—when our communication diet lacks real human connection. ③Moreover, online communication is like last food, quick and satisfying but not very nutritious (有营养的). A text can never take the place of the warmth of a hug or the light in someone’s eyes when they laugh. Our phones give us thousands of connections, but how many real friends do we have? When did “friends” become just names on a screen? ④Additionally, we’re forgetting how to focus on the moment. At dinner, instead of talking, everyone just looks at their phones. We’re losing the ability to truly listen to each other. But imagine being outside in nature—no phone noises, just the wind in the trees and real conversations. ⑤In short, technology won’t disappear, but we must control it instead of letting it control us. Next time you’re with friends, try putting phones away. You might rediscover the joy of real connection. After all, humans have lived for thousands of years before smartphones were invented—surely we can manage a meal without them! 1．What do the underlined words “social malnutrition” mean in paragraph 2? A．Making friends while working. B．Sending too many emojis online. C．Missing real communication skills. D．Using phones while eating with friends. 2．Why does the author compare online communication to fast food? A．Because it’s becoming more popular. B．Because it’s cheap and easy to get. C．Because it’s bad for people’s health. D．Because it’s quick but not meaningful. 3．What does the author suggest for better communication? A．Have phone-free meals. B．Use more emojis in texts. C．Send messages more carefully. D．Spend more time on social media. 4．What’s the structure of the passage? A．①②/③/④⑤ B．①/②③④/⑤ C．①/②③/④⑤ D．①②/③④/⑤ 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文探讨了现代社会中人们过度依赖手机交流的现象。研究显示70%的青少年更偏爱短信而非面对面交谈，这种趋势导致人们缺失真实沟通中的“软技能”，陷入“社交营养不良”。作者将线上交流比作快餐，虽便捷却缺乏深度，并呼吁人们在与朋友相处时放下手机，重拾真实连接的快乐。 1．词句猜测题。根据第二段“When we only communicate through phones, we miss these-learning chances. Experts call this ‘social malnutrition’—when our communication diet lacks real human connection.”可知，当只有手机交流时，就错过了这些学习机会，实际上就是缺乏真实的人际连接。专家称为“social malnutrition”，即“缺失真实沟通技能”。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“online communication is like fast food, quick and satisfying but not very nutritious”可知，两者的共性是“快速但无意义”。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据末段“Next time you’re with friends, try putting phones away. You might rediscover the joy of real connection.”可知，作者建议“无手机用餐”。故选A。 4．篇章结构题。①段，引出“手机交流取代面对面交谈”的现象；②③④段，从“失去沟通技能、缺乏深度、无法专注当下”三个方面分析问题；⑤段，总结建议“控制技术，重拾真实连接”。结构为“现象引入—问题分析— 总结建议”，即①/②③④/⑤。故选B。 词义猜测题 解题步骤 Step 1 定位原文，精读上下文 找到画线词或短语所在的句子，并仔细阅读其前后的1~2句,上下文一般会提供直接线索。 Step 2 分析关键词和逻辑关系 识别关键词汇（如同义词、反义词、例子）和逻辑信号词（如so、 because、 but）。逻辑关系（因果、转折等）能直接提示词义。例如，so表示前后句子是因果关系，because解释原因。 Step 3 推断词义，排除干扰项 注意：句意猜测题的解题思路与词义猜测的一致 例题1 After the haircut It's getting hot. You go to have your hair cut. The barber Tony cuts off part of your hair and sweeps it away, but your hair's journey is not over after the haircut. Have you ever thought of planting your old hair after it's cut off? Some farmers do! What comes up? Not wigs（假发）, but bigger and tastier crops. Hair is full of nitrogen（氮） that helps plants to grow. When cut hair is mixed into soil, the hair breaks down, slowly letting out nitrogen so it can help flowers and vegetables got big a little faster. If you've got a wool sweater on, you're wearing a sheep's haircut. Sheep grow fine curly（弯曲的） fur called wool. All those curls make air pockets that trap heat, keeping the sheep warm. Farmers shear the sheep in summer, so the sheep don't feel too hot. And we use the hair to make warm clothes, socks, and hats. Wool can even take in rain without feeling wet. Wool also doesn't catch fire easily. What does your hair say about you? Even many years after it has been cut, hair can tell surprising secrets. Because hair is made from bits of old cells, it has trace（微量） of chemicals（化学物质） that were in the body when the hair grew. When people are kept in the situation of dangerous chemicals, these traces remain in the hair, even long after they have disappeared from the body itself. Testing hair can help doctors know if there are dangerous chemicals in the food and water. Hair can tell another important secret—whose hair is it? This can be used to help solve crimes. Hair does so many things for us. It keeps us warm and cool, helps farmers, shows mysteries, and provides endless styling fun. One thing is for sure: it's not just for wigs any more. 词义猜测题 What does the underlined part “shear the sheep” mean?（ ） A．Give enough food to the sheep. B．Wash the sheep many times. C．Find a living place for the sheep. D．Cut the wool off the sheep. 解题步骤 （结合解题技巧分析文中的线索，填写关键信息） Step 1 定位原文，精读上下文 根据画线部分shear the sheep可定位到第 段。精读画线句的上下文，上下文反复提到wool和hair，并强调羊毛的保暖功能。下文中的use the hair表明羊毛被移除和利用。 Step 2 分析关键词和逻辑关系 画线部分所在句中的so是表结果 的连词，由此推出“shear the sheep”是原因，“the sheep don't feel too hot”是结果。 逻辑推断：因果链是“羊毛保暖→羊夏天太热→农民‘shear'羊→羊变凉快”。 Step 3 推断词义，排除干扰项 根据画线部分在情境中的含义推断，“shear the sheep”这一动作完成后，羊夏天不感到热了，并且羊毛用于制衣。所以“shear the sheep”最合理的意思是“剪掉 ““””羊毛”。故正确答案为D项。 上下文语境推断法 例2 [2024福建节选] 问：What does the underlined word “facilitate” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?（ ） A. Expect. B. Create. C. Improve. D. Receive. 例3 [2024四川南充节选] 问：What does the underlined word “precious” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?（ ） A. Valuable and expensive. B. Useful and cheap. C. Special but worthless. D. Simple but priceless. 解题步骤： Step 1 回文定位所猜词。 Step 2 从上下文中找出与生词有逻辑关系或语义关系的关键内容。 逻辑关系：并列关系（and/also/or/...）、对比转折（but/while/however/...）、因果关系（because/so/as/...）、例证关系（for example/such as/like/...）、指代关系（they/it/that/...）等。 语义关系：后文有相关解释内容，如定语、同位语等。 例4 由and可知前后分句为并列关系，都表达大熊猫带来的好处。 例5 “once only...princes”是对“the precious product”的补充说明。糖曾经是皇室专用，说明其价值高。 Step 3 对比选项释义。 例4 C选项符合。 例5 A选项符合。 代词指代题 该题型要求学生根据一定的语境推测代词（如that、this、it、they、them、one等）所指代的内容。理解相关句子的意思及上下文之间的逻辑关系是解题的关键。 三原则 1.一致性原则：代词和它指代的对象在数量、性别上保持一致。she、her指代前面提到的女性，he、him指代前面提到的男性；they、them指代前面提到的两个及以上的人或其他复数可数名词，it指代前面提到的单数可数名词或不可数名词。 2.近指原则：代词应该指代离它最近的且在数量和性别上一致的名词。例如，“My brother and I went to the store. He bought a toy.”中的He应该指代My brother。 3.上下文原则：根据上下文判断代词所指代的内容。例如，“My pen is broken. I need a new one.”中的one所指代的名词是pen。 三步法 Step 1明确指代词位置：代词所在句及前后1~2句是重点关注内容；注意并列句（并列句常由and或but连接）中的指代一致性。 Step 2匹配指代一致性：检查单复数是否匹配（they不能指代单数名词）；确认性别一致性（she不能指代男性）。 Step 3替换搭配法检验：将推测的指代对象代入原句，验证语义和逻辑是否正确。 例题4 When I was little, I was really little. But my dream was big. I dreamed of being a basketball player. I tried out for the teams at school, but I was never given a chance. As I got older, I did grow a little bigger, but not a lot bigger. On my 12th birthday, I decided to try a new sport: running. I told Grandpa, “I'm going to be an athlete.” “Dave,” Grandpa began gently, “if you can't be big, you can do something big.” I ran 12 miles on my 12th birthday. On my 13th birthday, I did it again, but I added an extra mile. On my 14th birthday, I ran 14 miles. 15 on my 15th, 16 on my 16th, and you guessed it—17 miles on my 17th birthday. All this running inspired（激发） another big dream. Someday, I'd run the Boston Marathon（波士顿马拉松赛）. I told Grandpa about my decision. “But, Dave, you haven't trained for the marathon. Are you sure you're ready?” Grandpa asked. But he still promised to walk over and cheer me on. I ran fast that day. But I fell at Mile 18 and was driven to the hospital. Later that night, I called Grandpa and told him I failed. “No,” he said calmly, “you didn't fail. You discovered something.” “I did?” I asked. “Yes, you discovered that big dreams don't just come true. They take work. If you train and work hard, I promise to wait for you next year and cheer you on.” I trained every day, running miles and miles. Sadly, just two months into my training, Grandpa died. He wouldn't be waiting for my second Boston Marathon. I decided I'd run for him. That day, I ran fast. “Keep going! You can do it!” His words filled my head as I forced my legs to make each painful step. As I crossed the finish line, I threw my arms in the air and cried, “Grandpa, we did it!” 代词指代题 What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 4 refer to?（ ） A．Adding an extra mile. B．Running on his birthday. C．Training for the marathon. D．Trying out for the basketball team. 解题步骤 （结合解题技巧分析文中的线索，填写关键信息） Step 1 明确指代词位置 根据题干中的“paragraph 4”和加粗的“it”的位置可知，需重点搜索第四段。 Step 2 匹配指代一致性 代词“it”用来指代前面提到的内容，初步判断答案应在“I ran 12 miles on my 12th birthday.”一句中。结合“it”所在句中的时间状语on my 13th birthday可判断，it指的应是在生日当天跑步这件事。 Step 3 替换搭配法检验（代入原句核查，并确定答案） 结合“it”前面的动词did可判断，it指的是可以做的一件事，结合后面的“but I added an extra mile”及“On my 14th birthday, I ran 14 miles. 15 on my 15th, 16 on my 16th, and you guessed it—17 miles on my 17th birthday.”可确定答案为B项。 上句和本句结合法 例6 [2024江西节选] 问：What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 5 refer to?（ ） A. Raising money. B. Doing new movements. C. Visiting parents. D. Going up and down stairs. 解题步骤： Step 1 回文定位代词所在句，细读该句。 although引导的让步状语从句中用painful和boring解释从句中的it，从句中的it与画线词指代同一件事，由此可知画线词指某件没意思且累人的事。 Step 2 细读该句的前一句话，结合代词的单复数，找到代词指代内容。 上一句提到的符合本句描述的事件是上下楼梯这件事。D选项符合。 Step 3 将选项代入原文，通读该句，检查逻辑。 随堂训练 （1） （25-26九年级上·浙江杭州·期末）Two years ago, my world only had room for me and my grades. When I went to Palomar College, I kept my head down. Friends would only slow me down. By winter break, my report card was perfect, but I felt empty watching classmates laugh together. The change began one rainy day when I saw Maya struggling with her books. “Need help?” I asked, surprising myself. As we shared an umbrella, she asked why I was always so quiet. “I thought grades were the only thing that mattered,” I said. “That’s sad,” she said. “People matter too.” That sentence hit me like a rock. I started saying hello and helping classmates. By June, Maya and I were real friends. The biggest change came at Vista Nursing Home, where I worked that summer. Mrs. Jenkins, a sweet old lady with memory loss, thought I was her daughter Susan. I visited her twice a week, always bringing strawberries, her favorite. One afternoon she held my hand. “Are you mad at me for forgetting?” Looking at her worried face, I said, “Never.” I realized making her smile made me whole. When she passed away, I was heartbroken but grateful. She taught me that caring for others fills a place in your heart that achievements never can. Now I’m a junior, and I’m different. When Maya failed a test yesterday, I didn’t say “study harder.” I brought cookies and said, “One test doesn’t define you.” I watched the worry leave her face and felt that same warmth. When I look in the mirror today, I see a girl who smiles with her eyes—a girl with friends, and a heart that knows how to love. And I like her. I really do. 1．Why did the writer feel empty even though she had perfect grades? A．She thought her classes were too easy. B．She felt lonely seeing others laugh together. C．Her parents didn’t care about her grades. D．She had too much homework to finish. 2．What does Maya mean when she says “People matter too” in Paragraph 1? A．People create too many problems in life. B．Grades are important, but people are important, too. C．You should always listen to others’ opinions. D．You are happy only if you have friends. 3．Why did Mrs. Jenkins call the writer “Susan”? A．Susan was the writer’s real name. B．It was a name all workers used there. C．The writer told her she was Susan. D．She mistook the writer for Susan. 4．Which of these events is in the CORRECT order? a. The writer works at the nursing home.    b. Mrs. Jenkins dies at Vista Nursing Home. c. The writer feels lonely at school.    d. The writer helps Maya in Palomar College. A．cdba. B．dcab. C．cdab. D．dbca. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者曾经是一个只关心成绩的女孩，后来在Maya的影响下，她开始关注别人，主动帮助别人，从而也让自己变得更加快乐的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据“but I felt empty watching classmates laugh together.”可知，作者感到空虚是因为看着同学们一起笑。故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据“I thought grades were the only thing that mattered”和“That’s sad”“People matter too”可知，Maya认为作者只关心成绩是很悲伤的，她认为人也一样重要。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“Mrs. Jenkins, a sweet old lady with memory loss, thought I was her daughter Susan.”可知，Mrs.Jenkins叫作者“Susan”是因为她认为作者是她的女儿Susan。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据第一段的第四句“By winter break, my report card was perfect, but I felt empty watching classmates laugh together. ”可知，作者在学校感到孤独，即c；根据第一段的第五句“The change began one rainy day when I saw Maya struggling with her books…As we shared an umbrella”可知，作者帮助了Maya，即d；根据第二段的第三句“The biggest change came at Vista Nursing Home, where I worked that summer.”可知，作者在疗养院工作，即a；根据第二段的第十句“When she passed away, I was heartbroken but grateful.”可知，Mrs.Jenkins在Vista去世了，即b。故选C。 （2） （25-26九年级上·浙江杭州·期末） “Wake up!” Sam cheered as he shook his sleeping father. Father’s Day was Sam’s favorite. Every year, he and Dad spent the whole day doing something together. Last year, they went to an amusement park and rode all the roller coasters. “Alright,” Dad said as he climbed out of bed into his wheelchair, following Sam down to the kitchen, where Mum was cooking. “What adventure have you got planned today?” Mum asked. “Maybe we’ll head to the lake and fish.” Dad thought. “Or we could see the new superhero movie!” shouted Sam. He and Dad were really into superhero movies. Just then, the phone’s sharp ring cut through the quiet. “Right now?” a beat of silence hanging in the air. Then came his reply: “Stay calm. I’ll be there soon.” Sam’s heart fell like a stone to the bottom. His dad always seemed to get called into work. He hated these moments. Sam’s lips turned down. “I’ve got an idea,” Dad’s face brightened. “Why don’t you come with me?” “I would love to!” Sam said in surprise. Even if it wasn’t a roller coaster, just being with Dad would be fun. Sam’s dad led him to the zoo. Inside a room were nurses and a nervous zookeeper. In the corner of the room was a large panda lying on her side. She was groaning (呻吟). Dad calmly made his way over to the panda. He gave her some medicine and gently brushed her thick fur. Sam’s eyes were wide with amazement to see his dad being so brave. An hour later, Sam’s dad was holding four tiny pink baby pandas. He washed them, rubbed their stomachs, and fed them warm milk. “Sam,” Dad called, “meet the newest attractions for the zoo.” He handed Sam a baby panda. “This is the best Father’s Day ever,” smiled Sam. “I get to hold a baby panda and I know now you’re a superhero!” 1．Why did Sam cheer and shake his father? A．Because Mum made some delicious food. B．Because he couldn’t wait for Father’s Day. C．Because Dad was late for the superhero movie. D．Because it was time to ride the roller coaster. 2．What moments are “these moments” in Paragraph 3? A．Moments when Dad throws the stone to the bottom. B．Moments when Dad has to work on important days. C．Moments when Sam can’t find interesting things to do. D．Moments when Sam’s family members get seriously ill. 3．How might Sam’s feelings change? A．Excited→Upset→Amazed→Proud B．Amazed→Proud→Upset→Excited C．Proud→Upset→Excited→Amazed D．Excited→Amazed→Upset→Proud 4．What can we know from the story? A．Sam’s dad didn’t care about Father’s Day. B．Sam disliked going to work with his dad. C．Sam had prepared a big surprise for his dad. D．Sam thought his dad was a superhero at last. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了小男孩Sam在父亲节当天，原本期待与爸爸一起过节，却遭遇爸爸临时被叫去工作，最终跟随爸爸到动物园，亲眼目睹爸爸作为兽医救助熊猫宝宝，从而对爸爸有了新的认识，认为爸爸就是真正的“超级英雄”的温馨故事。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Father’s Day was Sam’s favorite. Every year, he and Dad spent the whole day doing something together.”可知，Sam之所以兴奋地叫醒爸爸，是因为父亲节是他最喜爱的节日，他迫不及待地想和爸爸一起过节。选项B“Because he couldn’t wait for Father’s Day”与此一致。故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据第三段内容，电话铃响后，爸爸说“我马上到”，紧接着“Sam’s heart fell like a stone... His dad always seemed to get called into work. He hated these moments.”可知，爸爸总是在重要时刻被叫去工作，Sam非常讨厌这种时刻。因此，“these moments”指的就是爸爸在重要日子（如父亲节）不得不去工作的时刻。选项B与此一致。故选B。 3．推理判断题。通读全文，梳理Sam的情感变化：一开始父亲节早晨，Sam兴奋地叫醒爸爸，此时心情为“Excited”；接着爸爸接到工作电话，Sam心情沉重，此时心情为“Upset”；然后爸爸带他去动物园，他看到爸爸勇敢地救治熊猫，感到惊讶，此时心情为“Amazed”；最后他抱着小熊猫，称赞爸爸是超级英雄，感到自豪，此时心情为“Proud”。因此正确顺序为Excited→Upset→Amazed→Proud。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段Sam说的话“I get to hold a baby panda and I know now you’re a superhero!”可知，通过这次经历，Sam最终认识到爸爸就是真正的超级英雄。选项D“Sam thought his dad was a superhero at last”与此一致。故选D。 （3） （24-25九年级上·江西赣州·期末）Xinhua News Agency reported in January, 2023, “Six years: His Spring Festivals were spent on the lake road.” He is 56-year-old Li Guozhong, who used to be a fisherman. By 9:00 am every day, Li has already finished walking along the 7-kilometer-long bank (岸) of Hengshui Lake in Hebei Province. Afterward, he takes a boat to see the lake area more closely. Before becoming a volunteer lake patroller (巡逻员), Li depended on Hengshui Lake for a living. By catching fish, he lived a good life. But as time went on, Li and other fishermen found that the lake water got dirty with too much mud (泥巴) and sand, so there were fewer fish in the lake and even the number of birds in the lake area fell. Li started thinking about what he could do to help improve the situation of the lake. Then he put away all his tools of fishing, refused his son’s request of living in the city and began his new life. In 2017, when Li learned that volunteer lake patrollers were needed, he made a decision of joining the organization without thinking twice. His family and neighbors thought he was so silly. Over the past years, he has recorded much information in his patrol diaries along the lake bank every day and watched the lake environment improve little by little. Although patrolling the lake is a lonely thing and requires a lot of time, Li will go on doing it and will never give up. Now, the water has become clear, the number of fish in the lake has grown and in July 2022, 332 kinds of birds were found flying over Hengshui Lake. 1．In which program did Xinhua News Agency probably report Li Guozhong? A．Society and life. B．Growth and education. C．Sports and health. D．Science and technology. 2．What did Li Guozhong do before being a volunteer? A．A reporter. B．A worker. C．A farmer. D．A fisherman. 3．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．Keeping diaries. B．Patrolling the lake. C．Going fishing. D．Clearing the lake. 4．Put the following information into the correct time order according to the passage. a. Li made his living by fishing.             b. Li signed up (报名) to be a volunteer. c. Li’s son asked him to live in the city.       d. 332 kinds of birds appeared in Hengshui Lake. e. Xinhua News Agency reported Li’s story A．a-c-d-b-e B．c-a-b-e-d C．a-c-b-d-e D．c-a-e-b-d 5．What is Li Guozhong like according to the passage? A．Honest and active. B．Careful and responsible (有责任心). C．Helpful and quiet. D．Strong and humorous. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了李国忠从渔民转变为志愿者巡逻员，为改善衡水湖环境所做出的努力和贡献。 1．推理判断题。根据文章内容，李国忠作为志愿者巡逻员，为改善衡水湖环境做出了贡献，这一事迹更可能出现在与社会和生活相关的报道中。A选项“社会与生活”符合语境。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Before becoming a volunteer lake patroller, Li depended on Hengshui Lake for a living. By catching fish, he lived a good life.”可知，李国忠在成为志愿者之前是一名渔民。故选D。 3．词句猜测题。根据文章第三段“Although patrolling the lake is a lonely thing and requires a lot of time, Li will go on doing it and will never give up.”可知，李国忠将继续巡逻湖泊，永不放弃。因此，“it”指的是巡逻湖泊这一行为。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据文章内容，首先李国忠以捕鱼为生（a），然后他的儿子邀请他去城市生活（c），接着他报名成为志愿者（b），之后衡水湖出现了332种鸟类（d），最后新华社报道了他的故事（e）。因此，正确的时间顺序是a-c-b-d-e。故选C。 5．推理判断题。根据文章内容，李国忠作为志愿者巡逻员，认真记录巡逻日记，关注湖泊环境改善，并坚持巡逻湖泊，表现出细心和有责任心的品质。故选B。 （4） （25-26九年级上·湖北武汉·期末）Most runners choose their routes (路线) based on distance or surface. Some pick smooth roads for steady speed, while others choose hills for a challenging workout. But for Lenny Maughan, running is more than fitness — it is also a way to make art. Maughan, who calls himself a “human Etch A Sketch”, creates GPS drawings by running through the streets of San Francisco. He got the idea from apps that runners use to record their routes. “When I was a kid, I was known for drawing funny pictures of people. I had a real talent for it,” he said. “I forgot about it until a little over 10 years ago.” Maughan begins by carefully mapping his design on a paper map of San Francisco. To find the route that works, he often needs to map out several different routes. His goal is to create clear images (画像). Once the route is planned, Maughan runs his “masterpiece”, using a GPS app called Strava to track (追踪) his movement. However, Strava only shows the full image after the run is complete. That means Maughan has to follow his planned route very carefully. One wrong turn can badly influence the artwork. “You can’t see the drawing while you run,” Maughan explained. “So when you finish and finally see it come together, it’s a wonderful feeling.” Over the past ten years, the San Francisco runner has created more than 50 images, from a simple heart to a lively pig. In February 2025, he spent 10 hours running 40 miles to create a snake in honor of the Lunar New Year. But his most famous creation is a line painting of Mexican artist Frida Kahlo, completed in 2019. That image covered almost 29 miles and involved a lot of climbing. “I like to say my legs are my paintbrush and San Francisco is my canvas,” said Maughan. “I love running and I love art. This is a nice way to combine (结合) them both.” 1．The author introduces the main character by ________. A．comparing the facts B．raising an interest C．providing background D．explaining a theory 2．How can Maughan successfully create an image from paragraph 3? a. Follow the planned route carefully.              b. Pick out the best route. c. Map out several different routes.                  d. Make a wrong turn sometimes. e. Finish the run and get the full image.              f. Enjoy the wonderful feeling. A．b→c→a→e B．c→b→d→e→f C．c→b→a→e D．c→b→a→e→f 3．What is Maughan’s best-known GPS artwork? A．B．C．D． 4．What does the underlined word “canvas” in the last paragraph refer to? A．A place designed for smooth running. B．A material used for painting on. C．A project combining running and art. D．A tool recording natural beauty. 5．The best title of the passage would be ________. A．Maughan Is a Hit Runner Online B．Maughan Runs His GPS Paintings C．When Running Meets Technology D．What You Run For Makes A Difference 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．C 4．B 5．B 【导语】本文讲述了跑步者Lenny Maughan将跑步与艺术结合，通过在旧金山街道跑步绘制GPS艺术作品的故事。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段“Most runners choose their routes... But for Lenny Maughan, running is more than fitness — it is also a way to make art.”可知，作者先介绍普通跑步者的路线选择，再引出Maughan的特殊跑步方式，通过对比事实来介绍主角。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“he often needs to map out several different routes”；“Once the route is planned…”；“follow his planned route very carefully”；“Strava only shows the full image after the run is complete”可知，顺序是：多次规划路线→选出合适的那条路线→严格按计划路线跑→跑完后得到完整图案，即c→b→a→e。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“his most famous creation is a line painting of Mexican artist Frida Kahlo”并结合选项图片可知，C 选项是人物肖像 (对应 Frida Kahlo)，符合题意。故选C。 4．词句猜测题。根据最后一段“I like to say my legs are my paintbrush and San Francisco is my canvas,”可知，我的双腿就是我的画笔，而旧金山就是我的画布，canvas的含义是“画布”，即一种用来在上面作画的材料。故选B。 5．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文的核心是Maughan通过跑步在旧金山街道绘制GPS艺术作品。故选B。 （5） （25-26九年级上·山东济南·期末）When I was 12 years old, I joined the School News Club. That was how I first learned about journalism (新闻工作). I wanted to make my writing better, so I wrote my very first article. Seeing my words printed in the school paper was amazing! It lit a flame in my heart — I knew I loved writing. At fourteen, I faced my biggest challenge: leaving my hometown for Bedford, England, as an exchange student. There, I became a student reporter and wrote weekly blogs (博客) about life in a British school. I wrote about my new experiences: the different food and weather, feeling lonely at first, and slowly getting used to everything. My stories showed differences between cultures, and soon drew public attention. To my surprise, my school shared my story. They put it on the school poster, school website, and social media. They said it showed the colorful experiences of students in the UK. My hard work got noticed and I was even invited to give a speech at school! Although I plan to study computer science in the future, writing will always be my beloved hobby. Journalism taught me important life skills: how to find information, talk to people for stories, and improve my work. These skills are useful in many ways — not just for school, but for growing as a person. I learned that writing helps us understand the world and make a difference. 1．Why did the writer write her first article? A．To become a famous writer. B．To make her writing better. C．To be an exchange student. D．To print the school paper. 2．What do the underlined words “lit a flame” mean in paragraph 1? A．Made me feel down. B．Made a real fire. C．Made things change. D．Made me excited. 3．What were the writer’s blogs about? A．Her plans to be famous. B．Her memories in her hometown. C．Her new life in England. D．Her stories of being a reporter. 4．Where was her story NOT shared? A．The school poster. B．The school website. C．Social media. D．School courses. 5．What does the writer mainly learn from journalism? A．Life skills. B．Computer science. C．School work. D．Writing skills. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．D 5．A 【导语】本文讲述作者12岁接触新闻写作，14岁赴英做交换生时写博客分享英国生活引发关注，写作也让其习得受用的生活技能。 1．细节理解题。根据“I wanted to make my writing better, so I wrote my very first article.”可知，作者写第一篇文章是为了提升自己的写作水平，故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据“Seeing my words printed in the school paper was amazing! It lit a flame in my heart — I knew I loved writing.”可知，看到文字被刊登的惊喜让作者心中燃起对写作的热爱，也就是让作者感到很激动，故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“There, I became a student reporter and wrote weekly blogs (博客) about life in a British school.”可知，作者的博客是关于自己在英国学校的新生活，故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“They put it on the school poster, school website, and social media.”可知，作者的故事被发布在学校海报、官网和社交媒体，并未出现在学校课程中，故选D。 5．细节理解题。根据“Journalism taught me important life skills: how to find information, talk to people for stories, and improve my work.”可知，作者从新闻工作中主要学到了重要的生活技能，故选A。 （6） （25-26九年级上·山东济南·期末）Brooke wanted a dollhouse and some sugar cookies. So the 6-year-old girl asked Alexa to get them. Alexa wasn’t her mom or sister. It was a voice-activated home assistant (语音助手) powered by artificial intelligence (AI). Alexa quickly made Brooke’s wishes come true. A few days later, much to her parents’ surprise, a $170 dollhouse and four pounds of cookies arrived at their house. (They ate the cookies and donated the dollhouse to a local hospital.) And that’s not the end of the story. When a news reporter told the story of what happened on TV, Alexa devices in many listeners’ homes woke up and tried to order dollhouses! Alexa isn’t the only AI ready to order up gifts for you. Apple HomePod has Siri, and Google Home has its Assistant. People who own these devices use them mainly for listening to music, checking the weather, and setting times. According to a report from The Information, voice shopping is not very common yet. People who do it mainly order simple things like paper towels. But many experts predict a boom (暴涨) in voice shopping in the near future. Is that a good thing? Convenience is the main advantage of voice shopping. You can shout out an order as soon as you think of it, even if you’re cooking, cleaning, or driving. In addition, people with disabilities who are unable to use a keyboard or mouse can shop without others’ help. But voice shopping also has its downsides. Unwanted dollhouses aren’t the biggest problem. It’s usually very easy to cancel an order or return items. The thing that worries some people is that these assistants are always listening. They have to be able to respond when you want them to. So they listen for “Alexa” or “OK Google” or another command. When they hear it, they start recording (录音) the conversation. Some have worried about what happens to these recordings. Will companies be allowed to use them to learn about people’s shopping habits? 1．What did Brooke ask Alexa to get for her? A．A pet dog and paper towels. B．A new bicycle and toy bears. C．A video game and a keyboard. D．A dollhouse and sugar cookies. 2．What is the correct order of the following activities? ①Her parents got a surprise package. ②A news reporter told the story of Brooke on TV. ③ Brooke asked Alexa to get something for her. ④Alexa devices in other homes tried to order the same thing. A．③-①-④-② B．③-①-②-④ C．④-①-③-② D．④-②-③-① 3．What does the underlined word “downsides” in paragraph 4 mean? A．Weaknesses. B．Processes. C．Chances. D．Secrets. 4．Why do some people worry about voice-activated assistants? A．They will buy many unwanted things. B．The recordings would be used in the wrong way. C．They cannot be used to make phone calls. D．They are not good at understanding orders. 5．What is the writer’s attitude towards voice shopping? A．Supportive. B．Critical. (批评的) C．Objective. (客观的) D．Doubtful 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文围绕6岁女孩Brooke通过语音助手Alexa下单引发的趣事，介绍了语音购物的现状、便利之处与潜在问题，展现了相关技术的应用与争议。 1．细节理解题。根据“Brooke wanted a dollhouse and some sugar cookies. So the 6-year-old girl asked Alexa to get them.”可知，Brooke让Alexa给她买一个玩具屋和一些糖饼干。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“Brooke wanted a dollhouse... asked Alexa to get them.”“a $170 dollhouse...arrived at their house.”“When a news reporter told the story...on TV”“Alexa devices in many listeners’ homes...tried to order dollhouses!”可知，正确顺序是③-①-②-④。故选B。 3．词句猜测题。根据第四段内容，主要讲述语音购物的问题，与上文的优点形成对比，可知“downsides”意为“缺点、劣势”。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“Some have worried about what happens to these recordings. Will companies be allowed to use them to learn about people’s shopping habits?”可知，人们担心录音会被误用。故选B。 5．推理判断题。文章既介绍了语音购物的便利（Convenience is the main advantage），也提到了其缺点（But voice shopping also has its downsides），作者客观分析利弊，未表达个人偏向。故选C。 （7） （25-26九年级上·陕西西安·期末）The idea of “saving face” is both a well-known idea and phrase in China. But at the same time, it’s difficult for Westerners to fully understand. To put it simply, this comes down to how China and the West have built up their societies and cultures differently from one another over time. At its heart, American culture celebrates individualism (个人主义) and directness while in China it’s more about keeping good relationships and living peacefully as a whole. For example, if you were in a business group meeting in the US, you might be thanked by your partners for giving direct advice to your boss because it shows initiative (主动性) . In China, it may be better to be less direct and talk to your boss later in private. Another example of “face” in daily life is if you were to see an older gentleman on the street with toilet paper stuck on his shoe. In the US, people would take him aside and quietly tell him about the fact so he could take it off. This way you would be helpful in saving him from the personal embarrassment of not noticing it sooner. But, on the other hand, some of my Chinese friends would think it better not to mention it and let the gentleman find it out on his own later. In this way, it could spare the gentleman from public embarrassment or losing face in front of others. By knowing how “saving face” works differently in Western countries and China, you are well on your way toward managing any kind of social situation with grace (体面) . 1．We learn that it’s not easy for the westerners to ________. A．build up their societies and cultures B．use the phrase “saving face” correctly C．know the culture behind “saving face” D．understand the meaning of “saving face” totally 2．What do people care more about in Chinese culture? A．Their own feelings. B．Relationships with others. C．Direct opinions. D．Behaviors in public. 3．The underlined word “spare” probably means “________” in the text. A．bring B．stop C．save D．catch 4．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．It’s normal for Chinese to lose face in our daily life. B．It’s important to find a proper way to tell the truth. C．It’s polite for Chinese to give advice directly in person. D．It’s necessary to understand the different culture background. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文探讨了“面子”这一概念在中西方文化中的不同理解和应用，阐述了其根源在于社会和文化建构的差异，并通过具体例子说明了行为方式的不同。 1．细节理解题。根据“But at the same time, it’s difficult for Westerners to fully understand.”可知，对西方人来说，完全理解“保全面子”的含义是困难的。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“while in China it’s more about keeping good relationships and living peacefully as a whole.”可知，在中国文化中，人们更注重维持良好的人际关系。故选B。 3．词句猜测题。根据“spare the gentleman from public embarrassment or losing face”的语境，前面提到不提及此事是为了避免那位先生当众尴尬或丢脸，因此“spare”在此处意为“使免遭，节省”。故选C。 4．推理判断题。文章通过对比中西方在“面子”问题上的不同处理方式，最终指出了解这些文化差异有助于得体地应对各种社交场合，因此理解不同的文化背景是必要的。故选D。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $