Unit 4语法总结+巩固练习2025-2026学年外研版英语七年级下册

26春新外研七下英语U4语法总结+巩固练习 Unit 4 The art of having fun - 语法总览 本单元核心语法：祈使句(Imperative Sentences) 祈使句是表示命令、请求、建议或劝告等意义的句子，通常省略主语you，以动词原形开头。 一、祈使句的概念 祈使句用于表达说话人对对方的叮嘱、劝告、希望、建议、请求或命令等。祈使句的主语通常是第二人称you，但一般省略。 功能类型 说明 例句 命令 要求对方做某事，语气较强 Open the door. Stand up! 请求 请求对方做某事，语气较委婉 Please help me. Come here, please. 建议 给对方提出建议或意见 Let's go for a walk. Try this dish. 劝告 劝告对方注意或避免某事 Be careful. Don't worry. 警告 警告对方注意危险或后果 Watch out! Don't run! 二、祈使句的常见句型 句型类型 结构 例句 Do型肯定句 动词原形 + 其他成分 Open the door. Let me help you. Do型否定句 Don't + 动词原形 + 其他成分 Don't talk in class. Don't be late. Be型肯定句 Be + 形容词/名词 + 其他成分 Be careful. Be quiet. Be型否定句 Don't be + 形容词/名词 + 其他成分 Don't be lazy. Don't be afraid. Let型肯定句 Let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其他成分 Let's go for a walk. Let me help you. Let型否定句 Don't let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其他成分Let + 宾语 + not + 动词原形 + 其他成分 Don't let him go. Let's not watch TV. No型 No + 动名词/名词 No smoking. No parking. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 ( 易错点提示： 1. 祈使句的否定形式 ：在动词原形前加don't，不要忘记。 2. Let's vs. Let us ： Let's表示"让我们"（包括对方 ）； Let us表示"让我们"（不包括对方）。 3. Be动词原形 ：祈使句中be动词用原形Be，不要用am/is/are。 4. No型祈使句 ：常用于公共场合的提示语，表示"禁止"。 ) 三、祈使句的答语 答语类型 用法 例句 肯定回答 表示同意或愿意执行命令 Yes, I will. 否定回答 表示不同意或不愿意执行命令 Sorry, I won't. 礼貌回答 用I'm sorry表示歉意，或用OK/All right表示同意 I'm sorry, I can't. All right. 四、祈使句的反意疑问句 祈使句类型 反意疑问句 例句 Let's开头（包括对方） shall we? Let's go home, shall we? Let us开头（不包括对方） will you? Let us go home, will you? 否定祈使句 will you? Don't make noise, will you? 一般祈使句 will you? / won't you? Open the door, will you? 五、祈使句的用法扩展 用法类型 说明 例句 祈使句 + and + 陈述句 表示条件与结果，"如果……就 … … " Work hard, and you will succeed. 祈使句 + or + 陈述句 表示否则，"如果不……就 … … " Hurry up, or you'll be late. 祈使句 + for表示目的 祈使句后可加for表示目的 Wait here for a moment. 六、重点短语积累 短语 含义 例句 have fun 玩得开心 We had fun at the party. enjoy oneself 过得愉快 They enjoyed themselves in the park. be careful 小心 Be careful when you cross the road. look out 当心；小心 Look out! There's a car coming. make sure 确信；确保 Make sure you lock the door. No visitors. let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事 Let me help you with your homework. have a good time 玩得愉快 Did you have a good time yesterday? take a rest 休息一下 Let's take a rest for a while. wait for 等待 Please wait for me here. wake up 醒来 Don't wake the baby up. 七、重点句型归纳 句型 例句 表示建议 Let's go and have fun together! 表示提醒 Don't forget to take your umbrella. 表示警告 Be careful! The water is deep. 表示邀请 Come and join us! 表示请求 Please show me the way to the station. ( 真实生活场景对话：周末计划 Li Ming: Let's go to the park this Saturday. Wang Hua: That's a good idea! What should we do? Li Ming: We can have a picnic and play games. Wang Hua: Great! Don't forge t to bring some food. Li Ming: OK. Be sure to meet at 9:00 at the school gat e. Wang Hua: All right. See you then! ) 巩固提升练习 一 单项选择 1. ________ talk with your classmates in class. It's not good. A. Don't B. No C. Let's D. Not 2. ________ park here when you see the sign. A. No B. Not C. Won't D. Don't 3. —Tom, ________ here to carry the box for me, will you? —All right. A. coming B. came C. come 4. ________ play baseball in the garden. Your grandfather is relaxing there. A. Not B. Don't C. No D. Can't 5. Her doctor said, "_________ work so hard." A. Stop B. Don't C. Can't D. No 6. _________ be nervous. A. Stop B. Don't C. Can't D. No 7. _________ your homework here tomorrow, Lucy. A. Bring B. Brings C. To bring D. Bringing 8. The doctor says to Tom, "_________ stay up too late." A. Doesn't B. Can't C. Don't D. No 9. ________ here on time next time, or you'll be punished. A. Be B. Being C. To be D. Been 10. ________ this kind of peach, and you will like it. A. To try B. Trying C. Tried D. Try 11. ________ the music, please. It's too loud. A. Turn down B. Turning down C. To turn down 12. ________ late for school again! A. Not be B. Don't be C. Don't D. Not 13. _________ careful when you cross the street. A. Be B. Being C. To be D. Been 二 句型转换 1. Open the window, please. (改为否定句) __________ the window, please. 2. Let's go shopping this afternoon. (改为否定句) __________ shopping this afternoon. 3. Be quiet, please. (改为否定句) __________ quiet, please. 4. Watch out! The water is deep. (用Be careful改写句子) __________! The water is deep. 5. Let us go to the cinema, will you? (用Let's改写句子) __________ go to the cinema, __________? 三 完成句子 1. 不要在墙上乱涂乱画。 __________ on the wall. 2. 让我们一起去野餐吧。 __________ for a picnic. 3. 别担心，我会帮你的。 __________. I'll help you. 4. 请把门打开。 Please __________ the door. 5. 不要在这里停车。 __________ here. 四 翻译 1. 别在课堂上说话。 2. 让我们一起去踢足球吧。 3. 请把那本书递给我。 4. 不要让那只狗进来。 5. 这里禁止吸烟。 6. 当你过马路时要小心。 7. 让我们去看电影吧，好吗？ 五 阅读理解 ( Read the passage and answer the questions. Hello, everyone! Welcome t o our school. Here are some rules for you. Please follow them carefully. 1. Don't be late for school. You must arrive at school befor e 7:30. 2. Don't run or shout in the hallways. Keep quiet when you walk. 3. Be polite to your teachers and classmates. Say "please" and "thank you". 4. Keep your classroom clean . Don't throw rubbish everywhere. 5. Don't use mobile phones in class. If you break these rules, you may get into trouble. ) 1. When must students arrive at school? 2. Can students run in the hallways? 3. What should students say to their teachers and classmates? 4. Where can't students throw rubbish? 5. Can students use mobile phones in class? 期末常考点和易错点总结 一、单词部分 常考单词： 1. 动词： let, have, enjoy, make, take, wait, wake 2. 名词：fun, picnic, party, park, gate, sign, rule, trouble 3. 形容词：careful, quiet, late, polite, clean 4. 副词：carefully, quietly, loudly 二、语法部分 ( 易错语法点： 1. 祈使句的否定形式：用Don't+动 词原形，不要用do的过去式。 2. Let's vs. Let us： Let's包括对方，反意疑问句用shall we；Let us不包 括对方，反意疑问句用will you。 3. Be动词原形：祈使句中be动词用Be，不要用am/is/are。 ) 4. No型祈使句： No+动名词/名词，表示禁止。 5. 祈使句的回答：用一般将来时，Yes, I will. / Sorry, I won't. 三、题型模块 ( 常见题型： 1. 单项选择：考查祈使句的肯定/否定形式、Let's和Let us的区 别、反意疑问句。 2. 句型转换：考查祈使句的肯定句与否定句 之间的转换。 3. 完成句子：考查祈使句的翻译能力。 4. 翻译：考查祈使句的汉译英能力。 5. 阅读理解：考查祈使句在语境中的理解能力。 ) 四、易错点专项讲解 易错点 正确用法 错误示例 祈使句否定形式 Don't + 动词原形 No + 动词原形 / Not + 动词原形 Let's vs. Let us Let's包括对方；Let us不包括对方 混淆两者的区别 Be动词原形 Be careful. / Be quiet. Is careful. / Are quiet. No型祈使句 No smoking. / No parking. No smoke. / No park. 祈使句的回答 Yes, I will. / Sorry, I won't. Yes, I do. / No, I don't. 反意疑问句 Let's...shall we? / Let us...will you? Let's...will you? / Let us...shall we? 五、重点词汇辨析 词汇对比 用法区别 例句对比 fun vs. funny fun"有趣，好玩"（名词）；funny"滑稽的，可笑 的"（形容词） We had fun. / The movie is funny. careful vs. carefully careful"小心的"（形容词）；carefully"小心地"（副 词） Be careful. / Drive carefully. let vs. make let"让"（语气较缓和）；make"使"（语气较强） Let me help you. / Make me happy. wait for vs. expect wait for"等待"；expect"期待" Wait for me. / Expect good news. wake up vs. get up wake up"醒来"；get up"起床" I wake up at 6:00. / I get up at 6:30. 六、写作指导：制定规则 ( 写作框架 开头： 说明制定规则的目的或背景 主体： 用祈使句列出具体规则 ) ( 结尾： 总结或提醒遵守规则 ) 写作要点 句型示例 规则开头 Here are some rules for you. / Please follow these rules. 禁止类规则 Don't + 动词原形. / No + 动名词/名词. 要求类规则 Be + 形容词. / 动词原形 + 其他成分. 建议类规则 Let's + 动词原形. / Please + 动词原形. 连接词使用 and, but, so, or, because $