专题2 第1招 利用设空位置，快解阅读七选五-【备考最优解】2026版高考二轮专题复习·英语（教用word）

[近3年考情分析] 考试 年份 试卷名称 考查体裁 主题语境 文章话题 篇章词数 设空位置 段首 段中 段尾 2025 新高考全国卷I 记叙文 人与自我 咖啡馆员工的工作 日常与奉献精神 326 0 4 1 新高考全国卷Ⅱ 说明文 人与社会 家庭志愿服务的意 想不到的益处 401 2 2 1 2024 新高考全国卷I 说明文 人与自我 词典的使用 307 1 4 0 新高考全国卷Ⅱ 说明文 人与社会 缓解过度旅游的方法 295 1 3 1 2023 新高考全国卷I 说明文 人与自我 学会自我原谅 305 0 4 1 新高考全国卷Ⅱ 说明文 人与社会 开启艺术之旅 301 1 3 1 命题专家有话说 1.文章体裁；以说明文为主，偶尔考查记叙文、议论文。 2.命题考点：分布均匀：一段一题(少于5段或某段较长，可一段两题)。设空位置：段首句(段首主旨句和段间 过渡句)、段中句(细节支撑句和衔接过渡句)、段尾句(段尾总结句和段间过渡句);文章首句一般不设空。 3.选项特征：排列方式；由短到长依次排列。正确选项：主旨句能准确概括段落大意；过渡句和细节句前后语 意衔接。干扰选项：主旨句以偏概全或偏离主题；过渡句和细节句上下句不连贯。 4.文章长度：七选五的篇章词数加上选项词数多超300词。 [题型攻略·胸有成竹] 第一招　利用设空位置，快解阅读七选五 　段首设空题——段落主题，上下衔接 【题型特点】　设空在段首，往往是段首主旨句或段间过渡句，因此选项要有概括性，是对本段内容的概括或承上启下。若是段落小标题设空，其呈现形式应和其他小标题相同。 【图解技巧】　 【典例剖析1】　(2025·新高考全国卷Ⅱ) Unexpected Benefits of Volunteering as a Family ... ·You'll feel like you have more time. ... ·You can live longer if you volunteer regularly. ... ·39. Volunteering during teenage years has been linked to some major positive effects such as improved grades and increased self-confidence. These effects aren't just short-term but have been proved to affect a teen's well-being in the years to come. ·You'll have more time with family. ... A．Helping the community lowers rates of depression. B．Volunteering as a family may be just the thing you need. C.Volunteering has a lifelong effect on kids and teenagers. D．Volunteering can be the first step in breaking down prejudice. E．For adults, volunteering can provide significant physical health benefits. F．You may even learn that your kid has a talent you didn't know about before. G．Volunteering makes you feel capable and inspires you to make the most of each day. [思路点拨]　考查段首主旨句。根据下文内容可知，本段主题为志愿活动对青少年的长期影响。从选项中找出与原文中effects及“aren't just short-term”等对应词汇可缩小选择范围。 [自主解答]　C 【典例剖析2】　(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ) I keep two reference books close-by on my desk：dictionary and thesaurus (同义词词典). I don't trust my laptop's spellchecker. 37. It takes no account of the context. Of course, these days there are plenty of online dictionaries and thesauruses, but I'm old-fashioned enough to prefer a hard cover and pages I can leaf through with my fingers. I use the Concise Oxford Dictionary and the Collins Thesaurus. 38．___________It should give you a precise definition of each word, thus differentiating it from other words whose meanings are similar, but not identical. It will also usually show how the word is pronounced. A．I don't often use this dictionary. B．It takes no account of the context. C．But I still don't want to replace them. D．But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read. E．Of course, a dictionary is not only for spelling. F．That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes. G.Dictionaries don't always give you enough information. [思路点拨]　考查段间过渡句。根据上段内容可知，上段提到词典的单词拼写功能；又根据空后内容可知，该段讲述了词典具备的其他功能。空处应引出下文，使上下文衔接。 [自主解答]　E 　段中设空题——逻辑关系，承上启下 【题型特点】　段中设空属于对主题句的展开，通常考查与前后句子之间的逻辑关系和上下文的衔接。段中设空的特点主要是以转折手法引出主题句。段中设空题往往是用来承上启下的过渡句，或是补充上文的具体事实、事例和说明的细节句。 【图解技巧】　 【典例剖析3】　(2025·新高考全国卷Ⅰ) Catherine Murphy, a cafe worker in a green shirt and black hat, makes sure that each customer gets exactly what they order. She goes back and forth between machines to make the drinks. 37.___________As the customer grabs the drink from her hand, she smiles and says, “Hello, how is your day？” Even when the line is getting longer, she doesn't let it get in the way of her genuine conversations. Murphy gets up at a quarter to five and drives thirty minutes every day to get to work on time. 38.___________“I do so because I like to make coffee for the students. I know they need it in the morning，” Murphy said. Being a mother and wife has helped her become the woman she is. She believes she is here to serve. A．The cafe closes at 9 pm every day. B．She has two children aged eight and four. C．Sometimes she arrives early to serve the students early. D．After finishing an order, she calls out the name on the cup. E．Not only does this cafe serve up drinks, it also serves up smiles. F．Going to the cafe starts her day off good and gets her ready for class. G．She has served here for 17 years and can't imagine working anywhere else. [思路点拨]　第37空：考查衔接过渡句。上文提到制作饮品，下文提到顾客从她手中接过饮品，由此可推知，空处需补充制作饮品后的环节，形成“制作—叫号—交付”的完整流程。第38空：考查细节支撑句。上文提到墨菲每天四点四十五起床，开车三十分钟准时上班，下文说她这样做是因为喜欢为学生煮咖啡，由此可推知，空处需进一步体现她对工作的投入，补充上句“准时上班”之外的主动性。 [自主解答]　 37. D　38. C 　段尾设空题——总结概括，衔接上下 【题型特点】　设空在段尾，通常为结论性、概括性语句，若不是结论性、概括性语句，则考虑是过渡句，即通过空格把本段与下一段巧妙地衔接起来。 【图解技巧】　 【典例剖析4】　(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅱ) •Choose mindfully. Overvisited destinations are that way for a reason: they're special. With so many online posts featuring the same places, it's easy to feel like you're missing out. Go somewhere only when the landscape, culture or food deeply draws you. 37. A．Visit during off-peak times. B．So, should we stop traveling? C．Travel for you and no one else. D．Can overtourism be avoided then? E．You can still find relatively undiscovered places. F．You'll find yourself virtually alone, or close to it. G．Consider giving back to the communities you're visiting. [思路点拨]　考查段尾总结句。本段主旨句是“Choose mindfully.”，再根据空前信息句“Go somewhere...draws you.”可推知，只有当目的地的景色、文化或食物真正吸引你时再去旅行。空处在结尾处，应该紧扣本段主旨句和空前内容，点明旅行应是为自己而不是为别人，与上文形成顺承关系。 [自主解答]　C 【典例剖析5】　(2025·新高考全国卷Ⅰ) Need a break between classes or just a quick pick-me-up in the morning? The College Cafe has just that, and more. 36. 　 Catherine Murphy, a cafe worker in a green shirt and black hat, makes sure that each customer gets exactly what they order...As the customer grabs the drink from her hand, she smiles and says, “Hello, how is your day？” Even when the line is getting longer, she doesn't let it get in the way of her genuine conversations. A．The cafe closes at 9 pm every day. B．She has two children aged eight and four. C．Sometimes she arrives early to serve the students early. D．After finishing an order, she calls out the name on the cup. E．Not only does this cafe serve up drinks, it also serves up smiles. F．Going to the cafe starts her day off good and gets her ready for class. G．She has served here for 17 years and can't imagine working anywhere else. [思路点拨]　考查段间过渡句。上文提到大学咖啡馆不仅提供咖啡，还有其他服务，由此可知，空处需揭示“其他服务”的内涵，既承接“drinks”，又引出下文核心——墨菲的微笑服务。 [自主解答]　E A (2025·潍坊二模)In today's hyper-connected world, most of us are flooded by an ocean of messages and social media feeds, from the moment we wake up to the instant we close our eyes. It's not just a matter of convenience or novelty anymore—fixation on screens has become our habit, a necessity, and even an addiction. 1.___________Constant engagement not only consumes our time, but also steals us something far more important: peace of mind. Silence is as critical to mental health as vitamins are to physical well-being. People are particular about what foods they put in their bodies: whether organic, vegetarian, or fat-free. 2.___________The mental junk we absorb daily can be arguably harmful than the occasional cheeseburger or donut. The never-ending flood of sensory input taxes the brain's limited attention resources, leaving little room for deep thinking, reflecting, or creativity. 3．___________Quiet time helps the brain relax, sort through what it has taken in, and regain lost mental energy. As American artist Leonard Koren suggests in his book Wabi-Sabi, silence can be “an emptiness full of possibilities”， a space where creativity and clarity emerge. Adding moments of quiet to your daily routine doesn't require dramatic changes. 4.___________Better yet, research shows that brief exposure to nature, like a walk in the woods, lowers stress levels, reduces blood pressure, and sharpens focus. These benefits occur because green spaces and natural soundscapes provide a much-needed break from today's busy, stressful world. Digital life crowds out silence, making simply sitting in silence almost unthinkable—yet the very moments of stillness are what our minds really need. They let us listen to our thoughts, reflect on our experiences, and connect with ourselves in a way that is impossible in the noise of modern life. 5.____________ A．But rarely do we ask ourselves: at what cost? B．So, shouldn't we make laws requiring quiet time every day? C.It can be as simple as pausing 30 seconds to watch clouds. D．Next time you reach for your phone, resist the urge and sit in silence. E.We check our phone 58 times a day, 30% occurring during work hours. F．But they aren't as picky about what they are exposed to through the senses. G．Just as our bodies need nutrition, our minds require silence to function well. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在当今高度互联的世界中，人们被大量信息和社交媒体所淹没，致使缺少安静时刻。文章呼吁人们重视并增加日常生活中的安静时刻。 1．A　解析：考查衔接过渡句。上文说明人们对屏幕的沉迷情况，下文提到持续使用社交媒体付出的代价，A项承上启下，引出下文对代价的阐述，符合语境。 2．F　解析：考查衔接过渡句。上文说明人们对食物的挑剔，下文提及精神垃圾的危害，空处与上文形成转折，指出人们在精神摄入方面的忽视，与下文呼应。F项符合语境。 3．G　解析：考查段首主旨句。下文说明安静时刻对大脑的好处，空处应指出我们的大脑需要安静来正常运转。G项符合语境。 4．C　解析：考查细节支撑句。上文说明增加安静时刻不需要大的改变，空处承接上文，举例说明可以通过简单的方式增加安静时刻。C项符合语境。 5．D　解析：考查段尾总结句。上文说明安静时刻的好处，D项承接上文，呼吁人们下次伸手拿手机时，抵制这种冲动，安静地坐着，享受安静时刻，符合语境。 B (2025·南京二模)Visit a zoo, and you may love watching polar bears as they swim through a pool. Zoos can be important places for polar bear research. 1. The more we can learn about how global warming is affecting them, the better we can design conservation plans. However, tracking them is tricky due to their wide-range movement. The main type of tracker has been a radio collar, attached like a necklace around the bear's neck. This device sends location information back to researchers. 2.___________It's not safe to put them on younger bears—as they grow, the collar may get too tight. And male bears' heads are narrower than their necks, so the collars slide right off. An international team developed new tracking methods inspired by “burr (芒刺) on fur” idea. The device stuck to the bears' fur, like burrs on your dog after a walk in the woods. 3. They found that in the warmer months, the animals hung out on land, moving little and conserving energy. As temperatures dropped, they returned to the ice to hunt. 4．___________But it was invaluable to confirm it with reliable data. Additionally, it's always a bonus to have one more way to track, understand—and hopefully help—these impressive white mammals of the north. To aid polar bears further, we must address the root cause: climate change. What can we do then? Ride your bike to school instead of asking a parent to drive you. Unplug devices when they are charged to conserve energy. Turn off computers and lights when they are not in use. 5.___________ A．Little things can indeed help a lot. B．But never underestimate the effect of climate change. C．Unfortunately, the collars only work on adult females. D．As sea ice declines, polar bears spend more time on shore. E．The researchers had already suspected this is what they did. F．The researchers used the design to observe bears along the coast of Hudson Bay. G．But observing these animals in the wild is the top way to study and protect them. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了北极熊研究面临的追踪难题，新的追踪方法及其意义，还提到了应对气候变化以帮助北极熊的方法。 1．G　解析：考查衔接过渡句。根据上下文内容可知，空处引出在野外观察北极熊对研究和保护它们的重要性。G项承上启下，符合语境。 2．C　解析：考查衔接过渡句。根据上下文内容可知，空处应说明无线电项圈在使用对象上的局限性。C项符合语境。 3．F　解析：考查衔接过渡句。上文说的是新的追踪方法，下文说的是对这些动物的观察情况，由此可推知，空处应表示研究人员使用这种设计来观察北极熊，F项符合语境。 4．E　解析：考查段间过渡句。上文提到研究人员发现北极熊在温暖月份待在陆地上节省能量，寒冷时返回冰面狩猎；下文说的是用可靠的数据来证实这一点是非常宝贵的，由此可推知，空处应提到研究人员之前已经有了某种推测。E项符合语境。 5．A　解析：考查段尾总结句。上文列举了一些应对气候变化的小事，空处应总结这些小事对帮助北极熊的作用。A项符合语境。 A篇 [高频词]an ocean of大量　necessity n．必要；必需品 　peace of mind心灵的宁静　well-being n．健康　be particular about 对……挑剔　occasional adj.偶尔的；临时的　crowd out排挤掉，挤出　[障碍词]novelty n．新奇，新颖　addiction n．嗜好　arguably adv.可论证地，按理　sensory adj.感官的　picky adj.挑剔的 　[熟词生义]flood (常用义)n.洪水(文章义)v.淹没；大量涌入　feed (常用义)v.喂养 (文章义)n.不断更新的内容流或信息流　tax (常用义)n.税(文章义)v.消耗；使负担 B篇 [高频词]attach v．固定；附在……上　device n．备　right off立刻，马上　hang out闲逛；逗留　mammal n．哺乳动物　conserve v．保存；节约　underestimate v．低估　suspect v．怀疑，猜想；认为　[障碍词]tricky adj.难对付的，难办的　collar n．颈圈　invaluable adj.极宝贵的 长难句 分析 [A篇]In today's hyper-connected world, most of us are flooded by an ocean of messages and social media feeds, from the moment we wake up to the instant we close our eyes. [分析]　句中含有两个省略关系词的定语从句：we wake up和we close our eyes，分别修饰先行词the moment和the instant。 [译文]　在当今这个互联互通的时代，我们大多数人从清晨睁眼到夜晚合眸的每一刻，都浸泡在大量的信息与社交媒体动态之中。 [B篇]The more we can learn about how global warming is affecting them, the better we can design conservation plans. [分析]　本句是“the ＋比较级．..，the ＋比较级．..”结构。句中含有how引导的宾语从句。 [译文]　我们对全球变暖给它们带来的影响了解得越透彻，就越能制定更好的保护方案。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $