专题1 微专题1 第3类 环境保护类-【备考最优解】2026版高考二轮专题复习·英语（教用word）

第三类　环境保护类 环境保护类说明文行文逻辑与命题点 介绍背景 [命题点] 对环境的现状介绍、某种措施的目的、段落大意或作用、引起某种现象的原因、某种措施的好处 介绍具体环保措施 [命题点] 遇到的困难、具体做法、研究过程、研究发现或结果 重要性、应用前景 [命题点] 标题归纳或主旨大意、作者态度或研究目的、预期效果或改进建议、应用前景、环境保护的意义 (2024·浙江卷1月C篇)On September 7, 1991, the costliest hailstorm (雹暴) in Canadian history hit Calgary's southern suburbs. As a result, since 1996 a group of insurance companies have spent about $2 million per year on the Alberta Hail Suppression Project. Airplanes seed threatening storm cells with a chemical to make small ice crystals fall as rain before they can grow into dangerous hailstones. But farmers in east-central Alberta—downwind of the hail project flights—worry that precious moisture (水分) is being stolen from their thirsty land by the cloud seeding. Norman Stienwand, who farms in that area, has been addressing public meetings on this issue for years. “Basically, the provincial government is letting the insurance companies protect the Calgary-Edmonton urban area from hail，” Mr. Stienwand says, “but they're increasing drought risk as far east as Saskatchewan.” The Alberta hail project is managed by Terry Krauss, a cloud physicist who works for Weather Modification Inc. of Fargo, North Dakota. “We affect only a very small percentage of the total moisture in the air, so we cannot be causing drought，” Dr. Krauss says. “In fact, we may be helping increase the moisture downwind by creating wetter ground.” One doubter about the safety of cloud seeding is Chuck Doswell, a research scientist who just retired from the University of Oklahoma. “In 1999, I personally saw significant tornadoes (龙卷风) form from a seeded storm cell in Kansas，” Dr. Doswell says. “Does cloud seeding create killer storms or reduce moisture downwind? No one really knows, of course, but the seeding goes on.” Given the degree of doubt, Mr.Stienwand suggests, “it would be wise to stop cloud seeding.” In practice, doubt has had the opposite effect. Due to the lack of scientific proof concerning their impacts, no one has succeeded in winning a lawsuit against cloud-seeding companies. Hence, private climate engineering can proceed in relative legal safety. 28．What does the project aim to do? A．Conserve moisture in the soil. B．Prevent the formation of hailstones. C．Forecast disastrous hailstorms. D．Investigate chemical use in farming. 29．Who are opposed to the project? A．Farmers in east-central Alberta. B．Managers of insurance companies. C．Provincial government officials. D．Residents of Calgary and Edmonton. 30．Why does Dr. Doswell mention the tornadoes he saw in 1999? A．To compare different kinds of seeding methods. B．To illustrate the development of big hailstorms. C．To indicate a possible danger of cloud seeding. D．To show the link between storms and moisture. 31．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．Scientific studies have proved Stienwand right. B．Private climate engineering is illegal in Canada. C．The doubt about cloud seeding has disappeared. D．Cloud-seeding companies will continue to exist. 28．B　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Airplanes seed threatening storm cells...dangerous hailstones.”可知，这个项目的目标是防止冰雹的形成。 29．A　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“But farmers in east-central Alberta...by the cloud seeding.”可知，艾伯塔省中东部的农民反对这个项目。 30．C　解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容可推知，多斯韦尔博士提到他在1999年看到的龙卷风是为了提示云播撒可能带来的危险。 31．D　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Due to the lack of scientific proof...can proceed in relative legal safety.”可推知，云播撒公司将继续存在。 (2025·日照一模)Every time we make a new video or send an email, or post a photo of our latest meal, it's like turning on a small light bulb (灯泡) that will never be turned off. This points to an uncomfortable and extremely modern question: To help save the planet, should we be using less data? Given how much of modern life depends on digital data, the answer could be a key aspect to living nobly in the AI age. Why do posts produce carbon at all? When you send a post online, it goes along a chain of energy-burning electronics. Your Wi-Fi router sends the signal along wires to the local exchange—the box on the street corner—and from there to a telecoms company, and from there to huge data centers operated by the tech giants. Each of those runs on electricity, and it all adds up. Today, about 400 million homes worldwide have at least one “smart” device—curtains, electric cookers, refrigerators, and pads. By 2028, that figure is expected to nearly double. We are, in other words, being taken into a world where it's harder to do anything without turning on a digital light bulb.This puts eco-conscious consumers in a bind. After all, who would like to be someone that can't get their information properly because they're too busy keeping the carbon footprint of their searches down? In the absence of systemic change, worrying over our individual data-usage decisions is “like trying to hold back a flood with a bucket and spade (铁铲)”. Still, there's something we can do. When we face a digital decision, the less data-thirsty option will often be the smarter one. Blocking third-party tracking when we're on the web, for example, not only reduces the power consumption of Internet browsing; it's also good for your privacy. More fundamentally, maybe we don't need to turn everything into data. If I put down my phone the next time I'm on a train, it won't save the planet. But I'll be looking out the window with my own eyes, creating a memory that releases no carbon at all. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了数字数据的使用对环境产生的影响，强调了在AI时代减少碳排放的必要性。 1．What does the author imply about data usage? A．It is energy-consuming. B．It is easy and convenient. C．Its negative effects are ignored. D．Its benefits are underestimated. A　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段和第二段内容可知，数据使用是耗能的。 2．What is the function of paragraph 2? A．To entertain.　　　　 B．To inform. C．To persuade. D．To inspire. B　解析：推理判断题。根据第二段内容可推知，本段的主要目的是告知读者信息，解释数据的使用为何会产生碳排放。 3．What do the underlined words “in a bind” mean in paragraph 3? A．At risk. B．At a loss. C．At ease. D．At a disadvantage. B　解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词下文“After all...searches down？”可知，注重环保意识的消费者会难以抉择，他们既希望减少碳足迹，又不想错过获取信息的机会。因此，画线词与B项意思相近。 4．What does the author emphasize concerning carbon reduction in the last paragraph? A．The removal of digital data. B．The promotion of ecotourism. C．The value of personal contribution. D．The significance of systemic change. C　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Still, there's something...no carbon at all.”可知，作者强调即使个人贡献微小，也有价值。 典例 [高频词]costly adj.昂贵的，代价高的　insurance n．保险　precious adj.珍奇的，宝贵的　address v．向……发表讲话　in practice实际上　[障碍词]crystal n．晶体，结晶　downwind adv.顺风地、在下风处　doubter n. 抱怀疑态度的人　lawsuit n. 诉讼，起诉　[熟词生义]seed (常用义) n．种子 (文章义) v．播撒　farm (常用义) n．农场 (文章义) v．耕种，务农 模拟 [高频词]a chain of 一连串的　in the absence of 在没有……的情况下　[障碍词]router n．路由器　telecom n．电信，电信业　bucket n．桶　[熟词生义]exchange (常用义) v．交换 (文章义)n.交换机，交换中心　giant (常用义) adj. 巨大的 (文章义) n. 巨头，大公司　run (常用义) v. 跑 (文章义) v. 运转，运行 长难句 分析 [模拟]After all, who would like to be someone that can't get their information properly because they're too busy keeping the carbon footprint of their searches down? [分析]　本句是复合句。that引导定语从句，修饰someone；because引导原因状语从句，解释“can't get their information properly”的原因。 [译文]　毕竟，谁愿意成为一个因为忙于降低搜索行为所带来的碳足迹而无法正常获取信息的人呢？ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $